President James Monroe

Elected in 1816 (Democratic-Republican [Republican])

Two Terms: 1816-1824

“Era of Good Feelings”

Monroe Doctrine

John Quincy Adams Monroe’s Secretary of

State Architect of the Monroe

Doctrine Wide experience in

international politics Brilliant thinker and

politician Son of 2nd president,

John Adams and future president (1824-1828)

“Treaties” w/ John Quincy Adams

1817 - Rush-Bagot Agreement– Limited naval armament on

Great Lakes– Established unfortified

boundary with Canada 1818 - British American

Convention– Established the US-Canadian

border along the 49th parallel– Signaled better relations with

the British and British Canada

1819 - Adams-Onis Treaty (Florida Land Purchase)– Andrew Jackson attacked

raiders from Florida– Spain ceded Florida to the

US– Western boundary w/ Spain

settled (New Spain)– Spain nearly done as a

colonial power– Mexican Revolution of 1821

would oust Spanish rule and establish Mexican independence.

The West and Northwest, 1819-1824

JQ Adams - Treaties

U.S.-British Boundary Settlement, 1818

Rush-Bagot Treaty

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The Southeast, 1810-1819

The Monroe Doctrine 1823 (Sec. Of State

- John Quincy Adams)

No more European colonization in Western Hemisphere

US dominance of Western Hemisphere established

The Monroe Doctrine

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Implications in the Western Hemisphere

US dominance until the present

US role in Latin American affairs

European direct influence limited

Nationalism (Cultural and Political) and the Era of Good Feelings

Star-Spangled Banner (1814 Francis Scott Key)

Basically a one-party system (Democratic-Republicans)

Solidified American expansion and borders

Secured US as a respected nation

Growth of a national economy Webster’s school speller Various paintings of

Revolutionary War heroes, etc.

The Era of Good Feelings

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Economic Nationalism Tariff of 1816 - high

tariff rates to protect US industry

American System proposed by Henry Clay

Panic of 1819– 2nd Bank of US (BUS) -

tighter money supply– State banks closed =

money deflated (lost value)

– Hardest hit was the WEST

– Changed politics

Political changes as a result of economic changes:– Changes in old

Republican Party (Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans)

– Federalist party = Dead– Splits emerge in

(Jeffersonian) Republican party based on regional differences

Evolution of Major Parties

Panic of 1819

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The American System (Henry Clay)

Henry Clay proposed an “American System” which called for:– Protective tariffs– National bank– Internal (transportation and

infrastructural improvements•Not a formal ‘document’ or plan•Tariff and bank were in place.•National leaders differed on the

spending of federal money on road-building and other improvements

Missouri Statehood Missouri - applied for

statehood in 1819 Balance of free and

slave states in question Tallmadge Amendment

- limited attempt ot eliminate slaver in MO - angered southern states

Henry Clay (Kentucky) proposed a compromise:

1. MO Admitted as a slaveholding state

2. Maine Admitted as a free state

Louisiana Territory - north of 36˚ 30’ N - slavery prohibited

Monroe signed in 1820

The Missouri Compromise and Slavery, 1820-1821

20

The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821

Map 9.3 The Missouri Compromise, 1820–1821 (p. 272)

The Missouri Compromise

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