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Without numerical techniques, it would be almost impossible to solve-practical engineering problems analytically with a reasonable degree ofaccuracy. Most numerical techniques in continuum mechanics are based onthe principle that it is possible to derive some equations and relationshipsthat describe accurately the behaviour of a small differential part of the body.By dividing the entire body into a large number of these smaller 'parts' andusing further relationships to link up or assemble these parts together, it ispossible to obtain a reasonably accurate prediction of the values of variablessuch as stresses and displacements in the body. As the sizes of these smallparts are made smaller, the numerical solution becomes more accurate, butthe cost of computation time may become prohibitive. There is no substitutefor experience in the application of numerical techniques to practicalengineering problems because the answer to the question 'How small shouldthese component parts be for optimum accuracy?' is never clear.In this chapter, the two most popular techniques in continuum mechanics,namely finite element and boundary element methods, are briefly reviewed.The advantages and disadvantages of the BE method are discussed and ahistorical overview of the development of the BE approach is presented. Themain features of this book and a summary of the chapters are also includedto present an overview of the material presented in the book.
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