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The AtomUnit 4 Chemistry
DO NOW11/16/15
Answer the following questionsWhat do you know about the atom (ex: what is it made of?)
How big is the atom?How would you represent an atom on paper? Draw an atom:
The Atom
The atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.
Consist of smaller particles and their number and arrangement of these particles within the atom determine it’s chemical property
Consists of 2 regions
Atoms 2 regions1) Nucleus: very small, located near the center of an atom
2) Electrons: surrounds the nucleus1)Large region compared to nucleus Nucleus
Electronshells
Subatomic particles
3 subatomic particles1. Protons: positive charge
Within nucleus2. Neutrons: neutral charge
3. Electrons: negative charge
Atomic AnatomyThe gas of an atom
What they look like“Subatomic Particles”
# e- = # p+
(for neutral atoms)
Particle(symbol)
Mass Charge Location
ProtonP+
1 +1 nucleus
Neutronn0
1 0 nucleus
Electrone-
0 -1 Outside,orbiting the nucleus
Chemical Symbol
Atomic #
Symbol 1st Letter
2nd letter
Name
Average Atomic Mass
# of p+ + # n0
# n0 = mass –atomic # (round
mass)
8
OOxygen15.999
Practice finding # e-, p+ and n0
7
NNitrogen
14.01
11
NaSodium22.99
15
PPhosphoru
s10.97
So how do we draw the atoms?Ex: Li – Three protons (atomic number)
3
LiLithium6.941
P+
P+P+
Four neutron.(mass – atomic number
n0
n0n0n0
p+ p
+p+
Three electrons,in two electron shells
n0
n0
e-e-
p+
p+
e-e-e-
____p+
____n0
Positions of electrons
Shell # # of e-
1 2 Go in as a pair
2 8 1 in each of 4 places then pair up
3 8 (sort of - more to come)
1 in each of 4 places then pair up
4 8 (sort of – more to come)
1 in each of 4 places then pair up
DO NOW11/17/19
Draw a Bohr model of sodium
11
NaSodium22.990