The Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration

Ch. 6 Sec. 1Ch. 6 Sec. 1

Exploration and ExpansionExploration and Expansion

Motives and MeansMotives and Means

1414thth century conquest by the century conquest by the Ottoman Empire made travel to the Ottoman Empire made travel to the East by land difficult. East by land difficult.

Motive’sMotive’s 1. riches and expanded travel.1. riches and expanded travel. 2. Desire to spread the catholic faith. 2. Desire to spread the catholic faith. 3. Adventure and Glory. 3. Adventure and Glory.

3 G’s3 G’s

God God GloryGlory GoldGold

Motives and Means con.Motives and Means con.

Europeans acquired technology from Europeans acquired technology from the Arabs. the Arabs.

They took maps that Arabs had made They took maps that Arabs had made to explore. to explore.

Europeans were able to build ships Europeans were able to build ships that could sail against the wind. that could sail against the wind.

ImperialismImperialism

The extension of a nation’s power The extension of a nation’s power over other lands. The nation had over other lands. The nation had control over the economic, political, control over the economic, political, and social lives of their subjects. and social lives of their subjects.

MercantilismMercantilism - a set of principles - a set of principles that dominated economic thought in that dominated economic thought in the 17the 17thth century, it held that the century, it held that the prosperity of a nation depended on a prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold and silver. large supply of gold and silver.

The Portuguese Trading EmpireThe Portuguese Trading Empire

Portugal took the lead in European Portugal took the lead in European exploration. exploration.

Sailed along the African coast looking Sailed along the African coast looking for gold. for gold.

Vasco da GamaVasco da Gama

Da Gama con.Da Gama con.

Sailed to India in 1498. Sailed to India in 1498. He took a cargo of spices and He took a cargo of spices and

returned to make a profit of 3,000%.returned to make a profit of 3,000%. The route became well traveled. The route became well traveled. Portuguese to the spice trade from Portuguese to the spice trade from

the Muslims. (thanks to Admiral the Muslims. (thanks to Admiral Alfonso de Albuquerque) Alfonso de Albuquerque)

The routeThe route

Voyages to AmericaVoyages to America

Portuguese sailed east to reach the Portuguese sailed east to reach the spices, the Spanish sailed west to spices, the Spanish sailed west to find it. find it.

Italian Christopher Columbus Italian Christopher Columbus believed he could make Asia believed he could make Asia traveling west. traveling west.

1492- Columbus found Cuba, which 1492- Columbus found Cuba, which he thought was Asia. he thought was Asia.

ColumbusColumbus

Columbus con.Columbus con.

In his four voyages, he explored In his four voyages, he explored Caribbean Islands and Honduras – Caribbean Islands and Honduras – which he called the Indies. which he called the Indies.

Treaty of TordesillasTreaty of Tordesillas

SpainSpain Portugal Portugal

West East West East

Amerigo VespucciAmerigo Vespucci

Discovered America. (Amerigo)Discovered America. (Amerigo)

The Spanish EmpireThe Spanish Empire

Spanish conquerors Spanish conquerors of America – of America – conquistadorsconquistadors. .

By 1550, Spain By 1550, Spain controlled N. controlled N. Mexico.Mexico.

Queen IsabellaQueen Isabella declared the natives declared the natives were her subjects. were her subjects.

Spanish con.Spanish con.

Forced labor, starvation, and disease Forced labor, starvation, and disease took a toll on the Native Americans.took a toll on the Native Americans.

Mexico’s population dropped from Mexico’s population dropped from 25 million to 3 million after the 25 million to 3 million after the Spanish arrived. Spanish arrived.

Economic Impact and CompetitionEconomic Impact and Competition

Economic – Gold, silver, sugar, Economic – Gold, silver, sugar, cotton, dyes, vanilla, and hides from cotton, dyes, vanilla, and hides from livestock followed into livestock followed into SpainSpain. .

Eastern spices, jewels, silk, carpets, Eastern spices, jewels, silk, carpets, ivory, leather, and perfumes followed ivory, leather, and perfumes followed into into PortugalPortugal. .

CompetitionCompetition

17 century, an 17 century, an EnglishEnglish fleet sailed to fleet sailed to India and est. trade. India and est. trade.

The The DutchDutch arrived in India in 1595. arrived in India in 1595. Dutch formed the East India Trading Dutch formed the East India Trading

Company/ also the West India Company/ also the West India Trading company for the Americas. Trading company for the Americas.

Do Not WriteDo Not Write

Dutch colony of New Netherlands Dutch colony of New Netherlands was in modern New York.was in modern New York.

Names like Stanton Island and Names like Stanton Island and Harlem come from the Dutch. Harlem come from the Dutch.

CompetitionCompetition

The Dutch were kicked out of New The Dutch were kicked out of New Netherlands. Netherlands.

French took over CanadaFrench took over Canada English est. a colonial empire along English est. a colonial empire along

North America’s seaboard. North America’s seaboard. ColonyColony – settlement of people living – settlement of people living

in a new territory, linked with the in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and gov’t. parent country by trade and gov’t.

ReviewReview

What were the 3 G’s?What were the 3 G’s? What is imperialism?What is imperialism? Who took the lead in European Who took the lead in European

exploration?exploration? Who sailed to India in 1498 looking for Who sailed to India in 1498 looking for

spices?spices? Who discovered America?Who discovered America? Who established a colonial empire along Who established a colonial empire along

the eastern seaboard of the America’s?the eastern seaboard of the America’s?