The Age of The Age of ExplorationExploration

Effects/Impact on Effects/Impact on

the New World & Europethe New World & Europe

Reasons for Exploration…Reasons for Exploration…

Renaissance Values:Renaissance Values:– Secularism & Individualism led many to seek Secularism & Individualism led many to seek

new goods to tradenew goods to trade Rise of Protestantism:Rise of Protestantism:

– Led missionaries on journeys abroad to Led missionaries on journeys abroad to convertconvert

New TechnologyNew Technology– Caravel: new type of ship w/triangular sailsCaravel: new type of ship w/triangular sails– Astrolabe: enabled sailors to mark stars in skyAstrolabe: enabled sailors to mark stars in sky– Compass: sailors tracked their directionCompass: sailors tracked their direction

Portuguese & Spanish Portuguese & Spanish DominationDomination

Prince HenryPrince Henry: Created 1: Created 1stst School of School of Sailing; helped discover Azores Islands & Sailing; helped discover Azores Islands & more!more!

Bartholomeu DiasBartholomeu Dias: Reached : Reached Southernmost tip of Africa—Cape of Good Southernmost tip of Africa—Cape of Good HopeHope

ColumbusColumbus: (explored for Spain) reached : (explored for Spain) reached island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean; island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean; responsible for destruction of an entire responsible for destruction of an entire race of native peoples; introduced new race of native peoples; introduced new products to Europe from Americasproducts to Europe from Americas

Spain vs. PortugalSpain vs. Portugal

Who controls what land????Who controls what land????– Pope Alexander VI found a solution in 1493.Pope Alexander VI found a solution in 1493.– Created the Line of DemarcationCreated the Line of Demarcation

Line of DemarcationLine of Demarcation: imaginary line : imaginary line drawn through the Atlantic Oceandrawn through the Atlantic Ocean– Land WEST = SpanishLand WEST = Spanish– Land EAST = PortugueseLand EAST = Portuguese

Treaty of TordesillasTreaty of Tordesillas: agreement to : agreement to move the line of demarcation a few move the line of demarcation a few degrees westdegrees west

Who Colonized Where?Who Colonized Where?

Spanish- South & Central & North Spanish- South & Central & North Americas.Americas.– Conquered the Aztec, Maya & IncaConquered the Aztec, Maya & Inca– Conquered the Anasazi & Olmec in southwest Conquered the Anasazi & Olmec in southwest

North AmericaNorth America

French- Canada, Mississippi River Valley in French- Canada, Mississippi River Valley in

North America, & parts of Africa.North America, & parts of Africa.– Traded with the Illinois, Huron, Algonquin & Traded with the Illinois, Huron, Algonquin &

Cree tribesCree tribes

Who Colonized, Where?Who Colonized, Where?

English- Eastern coast of North English- Eastern coast of North America, America,

Africa, India & AustraliaAfrica, India & Australia– Fought with the Delaware, Miami, Iroquois Fought with the Delaware, Miami, Iroquois

& Cherokee in North America.& Cherokee in North America.

Portuguese- Brazil, South America & Portuguese- Brazil, South America & AfricaAfrica

Effects of ExplorationEffects of Exploration

Positive Effects:Positive Effects:– Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange: exchange of : exchange of

goods between Europe & Americasgoods between Europe & Americas– America never knew of horses, cows, America never knew of horses, cows,

chickens, pigs, sheep, goats, donkeys or chickens, pigs, sheep, goats, donkeys or oxenoxen

– New plants such as wheat, barley, rye, New plants such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, oranges, apples, bananas, coffeeoats, oranges, apples, bananas, coffee

– Europe never knew of corn, tomatoes, Europe never knew of corn, tomatoes, squash, tobacco, cacao, potatoessquash, tobacco, cacao, potatoes

Effects of ExplorationEffects of Exploration Negative EffectsNegative Effects

– Epidemics: smallpox, measles, influenza Epidemics: smallpox, measles, influenza were foreign to native Americanswere foreign to native Americans 75 years after Columbus—population on 75 years after Columbus—population on

Hispaniola went from 250,000 to 500Hispaniola went from 250,000 to 500 Helped destroy entire empires—ie: Aztec Helped destroy entire empires—ie: Aztec

EmpireEmpire

– Slave TradeSlave Trade Discovery of areas in Africa led to importation Discovery of areas in Africa led to importation

of African slavesof African slaves Europeans imported native Americans for Europeans imported native Americans for

slavesslaves Europeans started plantations in America for Europeans started plantations in America for

cultivation...forced natives to be slavescultivation...forced natives to be slaves