The The Administration Administration

of James of James MonroeMonroe

““The Era of The Era of

Good Good Feelings”Feelings”

Election of 1816Election of 1816• James Monroe (VA) James Monroe (VA)

Republican candidateRepublican candidate• Rufus King (NY)Rufus King (NY)

Federalist candidateFederalist candidate• Federalist Party had Federalist Party had

lost all power due to lost all power due to War of 1812 and the War of 1812 and the Hartford ConventionHartford Convention

• End of the First Party End of the First Party SystemSystem

The Era of Good FeelingsThe Era of Good Feelings

• The period after War of 1812 The period after War of 1812

• Marked by lower level of concern over Marked by lower level of concern over potential foreign intervention in the USpotential foreign intervention in the US

- Relative consensus over - Relative consensus over domestic policy domestic policy

- - LACK OF PARTISAN LACK OF PARTISAN FACTIONS!FACTIONS!

Monroe’s CabinetMonroe’s CabinetRepresentative of the entire USRepresentative of the entire US

John Quincy Adams

Secretary of State: (New

England-Federalist)

William Crawford

Secretary of Treasury: (Georgia)

William WirtAttorney General

(Maryland))

John C. Calhoun Secretary of

War(S. Carolina)

Samuel Southard

Secretary of Navy

(New Jersey)John McLean Postmaster

General(Ohio)

Major Events Major Events During PresidencyDuring Presidency

• Adams-Onis TreatyAdams-Onis Treaty• Panic of 1819Panic of 1819• Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise• Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine

18191819Spain ceded Florida to USSpain ceded Florida to USUS gave up claims to TexasUS gave up claims to Texas

Adams-Onis TreatyAdams-Onis Treaty

Why does Spain Why does Spain give us Florida?give us Florida?

• Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson invaded Floridainvaded Florida- Excuse: Seminole - Excuse: Seminole Indian raids over the Indian raids over the borderborder

• Adams claimed it as Adams claimed it as our right our right

• Spain realized the Spain realized the US could take US could take Florida by forceFlorida by force

• Treaty was signed Treaty was signed

The Panic of 1819The Panic of 1819

• First major financial crisis of USFirst major financial crisis of US

• Widespread foreclosures, bank failures, Widespread foreclosures, bank failures, unemployment, and a slump in agriculture and unemployment, and a slump in agriculture and manufacturingmanufacturing

- many people blamed the National Bank!- many people blamed the National Bank!

• Ended economic expansion after War of 1812Ended economic expansion after War of 1812

Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise

• 1819 – 11 free states and 11 slave 1819 – 11 free states and 11 slave statesstates

• Missouri was a slave stateMissouri was a slave state

• Maine wanted to enter as a Free Maine wanted to enter as a Free statestate

Missouri Missouri CompromiseCompromise

• 18201820• Henry ClayHenry Clay• Kept a balance in Kept a balance in

CongressCongress• Missouri = slave stateMissouri = slave state• Maine = free stateMaine = free state• Prohibited slavery in Prohibited slavery in

the Louisiana the Louisiana Purchase north of the Purchase north of the 36 30 parallel 36 30 parallel

• On the road to the On the road to the Civil War!!!!Civil War!!!!

Response of JeffersonResponse of Jefferson• ““Like a firebell in the Like a firebell in the

night awakened and night awakened and filled me with terror. I filled me with terror. I considered it at once to considered it at once to be the knell of the be the knell of the Union.”Union.”

• Compromise would Compromise would only solve the issue of only solve the issue of slavery temporarilyslavery temporarily

Election of 1820Election of 1820• Monroe re-Monroe re-

elected without elected without oppositionopposition

• 1 elector cast a 1 elector cast a vote for John vote for John Quincy AdamsQuincy Adams

The Monroe The Monroe DoctrineDoctrine

BackgroundBackground• Spain was losing Latin Spain was losing Latin

America to revolutionsAmerica to revolutions• US was establishing trade US was establishing trade

w/ Latin Am.w/ Latin Am.• US declared neutralityUS declared neutrality

- actually helped supply - actually helped supply the rebelsthe rebels

• 1822 Monroe recognized1822 Monroe recognized- La Plata - La Plata

(Argentina)(Argentina)- Chile- Chile- Peru- Peru- Columbia- Columbia- Mexico- Mexico

Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine• 1823 Monroe announced the “Monroe 1823 Monroe announced the “Monroe

Doctrine”Doctrine”- written by Sec. of State John Quincy - written by Sec. of State John Quincy

AdamsAdams• PolicyPolicy

1. No more European colonization in 1. No more European colonization in AmericasAmericas2. European interference in Am. continents = 2. European interference in Am. continents = US actionUS action3. US would not interfere in Europe3. US would not interfere in Europe

• Simple Terms: Europe stay out of the Simple Terms: Europe stay out of the Western Hemisphere!Western Hemisphere!

European ReactionEuropean Reaction• Mostly looked on in disdain!Mostly looked on in disdain!

• US not quite powerful enough to US not quite powerful enough to enforce yetenforce yet

• Served as an important expression Served as an important expression of emerging American nationalism of emerging American nationalism