The 2012 Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums Annual Meeting and Conference Program

8/2/2019 The 2012 Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums Annual Meeting and Conference Program

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Qc`dboc Hylcmnt%Eh~cy `btlma e yc/c`cd~lbm ie~~`c bxcy ~gc qlm~cy bh 5743 Nex| Dybdfc~~ qet qc`` fmbqm hby t~e~lma tboc~glma ~b ~gcchhcd~ bh tlmdc |bs gexc c`cd~cn tbocbmc c`tc |bs e`` oe| ab ~b gc`` emn L ql`` ab ~b ^cwet- Hby l~t >9 mn emmse` occ~lma~gc Ettbdle~lbm bh @lxlma Glt~by| Heyo emn Eaylds`~sye` Ostcsot lt e`tb ablma ~b ^cwet-

^cwet get e`qe|t iccm e ds`~sye` oc`~lma {b~ / tbs~gcym qct~cym emn Glt{emld / emn cxcy|~glma hybo l~t hbbn ostldemn èmaseac ych`cd~t ~ge~ olw- Mby~g ^cwet qgcyc ~glt |ceyt occ~lma ql`` ic gc`n tl~t ylag~ bm ~gc jsmd~lbm bh cet~^cwet ~gc Dybtt~loicyt emn qct~ ^cwet- E~~l~snct gely t~|`ct emn d`b~glma ql`` dgemac eddbynlma`| ql~glm bm`| e hcqnbzcm ol`ct- Ne`èt ~cmnt ~b ic obyc istlmctt emn dboocydc dcm~cycn- Hby~ Qby~g ~cmnt ~b ic obyc qct~cym lm e~~l~snc-Emn ylag~ lm ~gc olnn`c Heyocyt Iyemdg get tboc bh ib~g-

^cwet lt e ila cmbsag {èdc ~ge~ l~ get ycalbme` nlhhcycmdct ql~glm l~t ibyncyhbbn bm ~gc tbs~gcym ibyncy ql~g Ocwldblt usl~c e il~ nlhhcycm~ ~gem hbbn |bsn hlmn lm ~gc ^cwet {emgemn`c mb~ ~b ocm~lbm eddcm~t emn tèma% ^gc bmc dbmt~em~~ge~ dem ic hbsmn em|qgcyc |bs ab lm ^cwet gbqcxcy lt bsy `bxc hby gbt{l~e`l~| emn hc``bqtgl{- Nbm~ ic tsy{yltcnqgcm hb`ft |bsxc mcxcy tccm ichbyc t~b{ emn etf |bs qgcyc |bsyc hybo qgcyc |bsyc ablma emn lh |bsyc gexlma e abbn~loc- Qc te| tly emn oeeo e `b~- L~t bsy qe| bh iclma {b`l~c emn tgbqlma yct{cd~ ~b bsy xltl~byt-

^gc Heyocyt Iyemdg Glt~bylde` [eyf tl~t e`bma ~gc iemft bh e toe`` ~ylis~ey| ~ge~ co{~lct lm~b ~gc Cò Hbyf bh ~gc^ylml~| Ylxcy- Xltl~byt gexc iccm dbolma gcyc hby bxcy e ol``cmmle6 hybo Eocyldem Lmnlem gsm~lma {ey~lct hb``bqlma~gc ishhe`b emn b~gcy aeoc e`` ~gc qe| ~b 9;59 qgcm ocoicyt bh E@GHEO ql`` ae~gcy i| ~gc iemft bh ~gc dyccf lm ~gcGlt~bylde` [eyf ~b tgeyc lmhbyoe~lbm hc``bqtgl{ ostld emn hbbn- Qc eyc `bbflma hbyqeyn ~b |bsy xltl~ emn dem~ qel~ ~btgeyc e `l~~`c t`ldc bh ^cwet ql~g bsy hylcmnt-

^gc ~gcoc bh ~glt |ceyt occ~lma Oelm~elmlma Yc`cxemdc lm e Nlal~e` Eacget mcxcy iccm ~yscy- Ql~g i`bat \bs^sictoey~ {gbmct emn nlal~e` ocnle bsy tgeycn glt~by| tccot ~b ac~ hsy~gcy emn hsy~gcy eqe| hybo qgcyc bsy {e~ybmt hlmn~gcotc`xct lm 9;59- Jst~ et mcqt{e{cyt gexc dgemacn bxcy ~loc gbq nb qc et glt~by| {ybhcttlbme`t oelm~elm bsyyc`cxemdc ql~g em esnlcmdc ~ge~ t~ysaa`ct ~b lncm~lh| ~gc nlhhcycmdc ic~qccm {làylot dbt~soct emn 57>;t ^cwet2 S{bm`bbflma bxcy ~gc cwdc``cm~ {ybayeot emn tcttlbmt hby ~glt |ceyt emmse` occ~lma |bs ql`` hlmn ~ge~ mb~ bm`| eyc bsydb``ceasct oelm~elmlma yc`cxemdc is~ ~gc| eyc hlmnlma tsddctt% Dboc jblm st lm ^cwet hby ~glt |ceyt emmse` occ~lmaemn `ceym gbq qc dem e`` icmchl~ hybo ~gc tsddctt bh bsy {ccyt icdboc yceduselm~cn ql~g b`n hylcmnt emn oefc mcqbmct e`bma ~gc qe|- [ylm~ mcqt{e{cyt eyc ablma ~gc qe| bh ~gc nlmbtesy6 `c~t oefc tsyc ~ge~ bsy {ettlbm hby tgeylma bsyglt~by| get em esnlcmdc qc`` lm~b ~gc hs~syc-

Ncyyldf Ilynte``

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Ycalt~ye~lbm hby ~gc 9;59 E@GHEO EmmseÒcc~lma ql`` ic gc`n lm ~gc `bii| bh ~gc Gb`lne| LmmTc`cd~ Mby~g Ne`èt e~ 98>3 @IJ Hyccqe| Ne`èt^cwet 1394>-

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Hyemz F`lmacmncy Demene Eaylds`~syc OstcsoD`lhh Jbmct Tbs~g Nsohylct Glt~bylde` Tbdlc~|IBMMLC ( D@\NC LM NE@@ET

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Dbt~ lt .93-;;- @lol~ 5; {ey~ldl{em~t- ^yemt{by~e~lbm{ybxlncn is~ `smdg lt bm |bsy bqm- ^gc ist ql`` `cexc ~gcgb~c` e~ 3 EO-

Il`` Oeyuslt Oeyuslt Dbmt~ysd~lbm emn Yct~bye~lbm

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oefc ~gcly byaemlze~lbmt obyc ocemlmahs` emn yc`cxem~i| lmxb`xlma ~gcly dboosml~lct lm bmablma {èmmlma emnncdltlbm/oeflma- ^gc| eyc ychyeolma ostcso ed~lxl~lct~b hbdst bm qge~ oe~~cyt ~b ~gcly dboosml~lct- I| ac~~lmalmxb`xcn lm dboosml~| dge``cmact emn ncxc`b{lma mcq{ey~mcytgl{t ~gc| eyc lncm~lh|lma smncytcyxcn esnlcmdctemn dyce~lma ocobyei`c xltl~by cw{cylcmdct- ^gltqbyftgb{ ql`` cw{`byc ~gc ~gcby| emn tfl``t bh dboosml~|cmaeacocm~ nyeqlma bm ib~g yctceydg emn {yed~ldc hbycweo{`ct- E@GHEO {ey~ldl{em~t ql`` icmchl~ obt~ hyboe~~cmnlma et lmt~l~s~lbme` ~ceot bh ibeyn t~ehh emn fc|xb`sm~ccyt-

Dbt~ lt .3;-;; hby ~gc hlyt~"bm`| {cytbm hybo em lmt~l~s~lbmemn .43-;; hby ennl~lbme` {ey~ldl{em~t hybo ~gc teoclmt~l~s~lbm- Sm`lol~cn tce~t exelèi`c- E`~gbsag mb~ycuslycn hby oewloso icmchl~ bh ~gc qbyftgb{ qct~ybma`| cmdbsyeac ocoicyt hybo em lmt~l~s~lbm e~~cmn~bac~gcy- @smdg ~yemt{by~e~lbm emn dètt oe~cyle`t{ybxlncn- Ist `cexct e~ 7:53 EO-

Demnedc Oe~c`ld DÔ [ybhcttlbme` Tcyxldct

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OBYMLMAQBB@ EMN L^T OS@^L[@C STCT

Qge~ ~b nb ql~g ~gc qbb` hybo |bsy tl~c2 Lm ~glt gemnt/bm qbyftgb{ {ey~ldl{em~t ql`` `ceym eibs~ dyce~lxc{ybjcd~t ql~g qbb` hby ens`~t emn dgl`nycm e`lfc- E iylchglt~by| bh qbb` stct ~gybsag ~gc dcm~sylct ql`` iclmd`sncn et qc`` et nltdsttlbm bh nlhhcycm~ qbb`e{{`lde~lbmt- ^glt qbyftgb{ ql`` e``bq {ey~ldl{em~t ~b stce nyb{ t{lmn`c ~b t{lm qbb` emn qcexc qge~ ~gc| gexct{sm- Stlma d`cemcn qbb` {ey~ldl{em~t ql`` e`tb `ceymgbq ~b qc~ hc`~ emn mccn`c hc`~ e dyeh~ l~co- E`bma ql~g~gc hlmltgcn {ybjcd~t {ey~ldl{em~t ql`` ycdclxc gemnbs~tbh qbb` {ybjcd~ lncet ~b stc e~ ~gcly bqm tl~ct-

Dbt~ lt .3;- @lol~ 59 {ey~ldl{em~t- ^yemt{by~e~lbmoe~cyle`t emn `smdg {ybxlncn- ^gc ist ql`` `cexc ~gcgb~c` e~ 7:>3 EO-

Oeyaeyc~ Uslmm Gbqc`` @lxlma Glt~by| Heyo

[LBMCCY DBBFLMA 'ICALMMCY,^gc tcttlbm ql`` dbmtlt~ bh e ncobmt~ye~lbm bh dbbflma~cdgmlusct stcn i| {cb{`c lm ~gc 5;-;; @lol~ 5; {ey~ldl{em~t- ^yemt{by~e~lbmoe~cyle`t emn `smdg {ybxlncn- ^gc ist ql`` `cexc ~gcgb~c` e~ 7:53 EO-

@eJsemme Hesag~ emn Iycmne Oeacc ^cweme @lxlmaGlt~by| Ettbdle~lbm

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Mcqdbocyt Ycdc{~lbm^gc Nbntbm GbstcHeyocyt Iyemdg Glt~bylde` [eyfLh |bs eyc e mcq ocoicy ~b E@GHEO by~glt lt |bsy hlyt~ E@GHEO occ~lma ~gcIbeyn bh Nlycd~byt dbynle``| lmxl~ct |bs ~b eycdc{~lbm lm |bsy gbmby dbo{`c~c ql~gychyctgocm~t emn detse` dbmxcyte~lbm-

Nbm~ qbyy| |bs qbm~ oltt ~gc oelm tgbq~glt lt jst~ e hylcmn`| ac~/~bac~gcy ~b qc`dboc|bs ~b ~gc byaemlze~lbm- ^gc|`` ~c`` |bs qge~

|bs yce``| mccn ~b fmbq emn ~gcm tcmn |bsbs~ et ocoicyt bh ~gc E@GHEOl`|- Qc eycaèn |bs eyc gcyc%

'[`cetc hlyt~/~locyt bm`|-,

Te`~cn, Tobfcn, emn [ldf`cnB{cmlma Ycdc{~lbmHeyocyt Iyemdg Glt~bylde` [eyfDboc gc`{ st fldf bhh ~gc >9mn EmmseÈ@GHEO occ~lma ql~g:

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TE^SYNE\ JSMC


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1:;; EO / >:;; [O Ycalt~ye~lbm nctf b{cm lm @bii|7:4; EO Qc`dboc emn Fc|mb~c Ennyctt / Tsool~ Ie``ybbo5;:;; EO / >:4; [O Xcmnby Ybbo B{cm /@bmc T~ey Ie``ybbo4:;; [O Ychyctgocm~ Iycef / @bmc T~ey Ie``ybbo3:53 [O Istct `cexc gb~c` hby [yctlncm~le` Iemusc~

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@C^!T OBXC% EMN E@GHEO:HLAG^LMA BICTL^\ ^BAC^GCYE`~gbsag ~gc nlal~e` eac get iybsag~ oem| enxem~eact l~

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~efc lm dboie~lma bictl~| emn cw{èlm ~gc ocyl~t emnoc~gbnt bh {ey~ldl{e~lma lm ~gc @c~t Obxc% Ostcsot emnAeyncmt lml~le~lxc-

Jcmme C- [c~cytbm Dbb{cyt~bqm Ayense~c [ybayeo

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aslnc`lmct tc~ hby~g i| me~lbme` emn ycalbme` emloe`ylag~t aybs{t qge~ lt ~gc ict~ qe| ~b {yctcm~ ~gc obt~tcmtl~lxc ~b{ldt2 ^gc abe` hby ~glt tcttlbm lt ~b {yctcm~ ~gcme~lbme` emn ycalbme` t~emneynt hby emloe` deyc qgcyc~gc t~emneynt dboc hybo emn qg| ~gc| eyc ~gcyc emn ~btgbq ~ge~ cxcm e ~b{ld `lfc is~dgcylma lh e{{ybedgcn lm~gc {yb{cy oemmcy dem ic e `ceymlma cw{cylcmdc hby e``-Cweo{`ct bh t~emneynt lm lm~cy{yc~e~lbm e~ B`nT~syiylnac Xl`èac ql`` ic stcn ~b tgbq gbq ~b {s~xltl~byt e~ cetc ql~g dcy~elm lttsct- [`cetc dboc ycen| ~bnltdstt xeylbst qe|t ~b nce` ql~g bsy obt~ tcmtl~lxc ~b{ldt/ emloe` deyc mcxcy èdft em cob~lbme` yct{bmtc-

Yg|t Tloobmt B`n T~syiylnac Xl`èacT{bmtbycn i| HEYO [LA

TSMNE\ JSMC 5;

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emn `lxc lm Gc``-// Acmcye` [gl`l{ Gcmy| Tgcylnem


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Xcmnby Ybbo B{cm@bmc T~ey Ie``ybbo5;:;; EO / >:4; [ONbm~ hbyac~ ~b t~b{ i| emn tcc e`` bh~gc qbmncyhs` {ybnsd~t emntcyxldct exel`ei`c ~b

E@GHEO Ocoicyt%

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55:;; / 55:>3 EO >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

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Deyb` Fcmmlt @b{cz Lmnc{cmncm~ Glt~bylem emnLm~cy{yc~cy

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Ne`c Jbmct Oeflma Glt~by| Dbmmcd~lbmt@esycm Osmc| Tl`gbsc~~ct i| Gemn

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@SMDGemn [LA Occ~lma'[ybhcttlbme`Lm~cyct~Aybs{,

55:>3 EO / 5:53 [O@bmc T~ey Ie``ybbo

Ac~ ~b fmbq b~gcy E@GHEO Ocoicyt ~ge~tgeyc tlolèy {ybhcttlbme` lm~cyct~t by de~dg s{bm qge~ |bsy hexbyl~c aybs{ get iccm nblmahby ~gc èt~ |cey e~ ~glt lmhbyoe` occ~lma bh ~gc[LAt- @bbf hby aybs{ tlamt bm ~gc ~ei`ct emn{s`` s{ e dgely- Mcqdbocyt qc`dboc%

^gc [LAtD[Y / Db``cd~lbmt, [yctcyxe~lbm ( Ycalt~ye~lbmHEYOH[L[M / Hlyt~/[cytbm Lm~cy{yc~cyt [ybhcttlbme` Mc~qbyfAYSM^T / Abxcymocm~ Yeltcn Smlmdby{bye~cn, Mbm/Smlhbyocn ybb{tGE^/ Glt~byld E{{eyc` emn ^cw~l`ct Dbool~~ccGLT^BYLD HBBNQE\T DBOOL^^CCOEDGLMCY\MCYNT / Mcq C`cd~ybmld Yctbsydct ( Ne~e T|t~cot[LC / [ybayeot, Lm~cy{yc~e~lbm ( Cnsde~lbm Dbool~~ccTE[ / Tccnt emn [èm~t

cwet lt mcl~gcy tbs~gcym mby qct~cym- ^cwet lt

^cwet-// Tcme~by Ql``leo Ièf`c|


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5:53 / 9:;; [O >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

^GC [EY^LDL[E^BY\ GLT^BYLD TL^CNe`èt Gcyl~eac Xl`èac lt e `lxlma/glt~by| b{cm/elyostcso lm ~gc {ybdctt bh coiyedlma ~gc {ey~ldl{e~by|

{yed~ldct {ybob~cn i| Mlme Tlobm- Tlobmt lncet eyc e``~gc yeac lm ostcsot is~ ~gc| dem ic nlhhlds`~ ~blo{`cocm~ e~ e glt~byld tl~c by gbstc- ^gc| dem e`tb ic e~bnnt ql~g dgcyltgcn {yed~ldct qgcm qc enn tlameac `c~xltl~byt dbm~ylis~c emn tgeyc glt~bylde` es~gbyl~| emn ~c``lm~cy{yc~cyt ~b ycèw ~gcly dbmt~yelm~t- Bsy Nlycd~by bhCnsde~lbm emn Dsye~by qbyfcn ~bac~gcy ~b iylma mcqcnsde~lbm/bylcm~cn {ybayeoolma ~b bsy tl~c t~ey~lma ql~gbsy Oelm T~ycc~ isl`nlmat lmd`snlma bsy acmcye` t~bycemn iemf- Qc ql`` tgeyc ib~g {yed~lde` emn {gl`btb{glde`lttsct yeltcn i| ~glt {ybdctt- Qc eyc {ybsn bh gbq qc`` qcdbb{cye~cn emn dbo{yboltcn is~ enol~ ~gcyc qetdbmh`ld~ emn tboc cw{cylocm~t qbyfcn qc`` qgl`c tboc

hlzz`cn-

Cxc`|m Obm~abocy| emn Oc`ltte [y|dcyNe`èt Gcyl~eac Xl`èacT{bmtbycn i| D[Y [LA

\BS OLAG^ IC EM ENXBDE^CGexc |bs cxcy qyl~~cm e `c~~cy ~b ~gc cnl~by bh e `bde`{e{cy lm ~gc meoc bh |bsy lmt~l~s~lbm2 Oe|ic |bs gexc

xb`sm~ccycn hby e {b`l~lde` deo{elam2 [cyge{t |bs gen ~bt{cef e~ e {si`ld gceylma bm icge`h bh |bsy ostcso2Qc`` ~gcm |bs olag~ ic em enxbde~c- Enxbded| lt emed~lxl~| ostcso {ybhcttlbme`t oe| `bbf e~ et e t~yld~`|{b`l~lde` bmc emn e {èdc ~gc| nbm~ mcdctteyl`| qem~ ~bxcm~syc- Is~ l~ dem ic em lo{by~em~ ~bb` lm chhby~t ~bdyce~c hsmnlma emn ts{{by~ cttcm~le` ~b bsy ostcsot-^glt {emc` tcttlbm ql`` `bbf e~ ~gc cw{cylcmdct E@GHEOocoicyt gexc gen ql~g ostcso enxbded| e~ `bde` t~e~cemn me~lbme` `cxc`t emn {ybxlnc tboc bh ~gc ietld ys`ctemn e{{ybedgct-

Jcttlde Oeyle E`ldce/DbxeyysiletGcyl~eac Tuseyc Ostcso[c~c Qe~tbm Gbqc`` @lxlma Glt~by| HeyoOeyf ^cwc` Obyylt Dbsm~| [eyf Dboolttlbm

TSMNE\ JSMC 5;

Oem| ~gemft ~b

~gc

hby ~gcly ts{{by~ bh ~gc 9;59E@GHEO Emmse` Occ~lma-


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5:53 / 9:>3 [O


14/36

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9:53 / 4:;; [O >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

NLALÊ@ EYDGCB@BA\ YCXLCQHBY EOE^CSYTXltl~byt ~b ~gc tl~c 'by {èmmcn aybs{t `lfc Tdbs~t, cmaeac

lm bmc bh ~gc obyc dge``cmalma yctbsydct ycè~cn ~b TemHc`l{c nc Est~lm TGT / aybsmn tde~~cy eydgcb`balde`ycoelmt- Lm em chhby~ ~b tgeyc ~gctc yctbsydct qgl`ccnsde~lma eibs~ ~gcly {yb~cd~lbm asct~t {ey~ldl{e~c lm emlmhbyoe` tde~~cy tsyxc| emn ~efc nlal~e` {gb~baye{gt ~bdbm~ylis~c ~b e ne~eietc bh tl~c/ycè~cn ey~lhed~t- L~yc{yctcm~t em ed~lxc `ceymlma e{{ybedg ~b ennycttlma bmcbh bsy ayce~ct~ yctbsydc dge``cmact- E~~cmncct ql`` `ceymgbq ~b ~efc enxem~eac bh smlusc c`cocm~t e~ ~gcly bqmtl~c cxcm qgcm ~gc| {yctcm~ nlt~lmd~ dge``cmact- ^gltoc~gbn lmdby{bye~ct ~cdgmb`ba| lm~b e ~yenl~lbmeòstcso tl~c xltl~ e~ e xcy| yst~ld emn smncxc`b{cn tl~c-[ey~ldl{em~t cmjb| ~gc {cydc{~lbm ~ge~ ~gc| eyc )DTL)/lma

bsy eydgcb`ba|-

Iy|em OdEs`c| emn Eoemne OdXe| ^cwet Glt~bylde`Dboolttlbm

HLMNLMA DBMMCD^LBMT:HLMNLMA YC@CXEMDC LMHLYT^ [CYTBM LM^CY[YCÊ^LBMP)Qc tgbs`n mb~ `bbf iedf sm`ctt l~ lt ~b ncylxc stchs``cttbmt hybo {et~ cyybyt, emn hby ~gc {sy{btc bh {ybhl~lmai| ncey`| ibsag~ cw{cylcmdc- //AQ

Jblm lm e nltdsttlbm ycaeynlma yc`cxemdc ~b |bsy obncymesnlcmdc ~gybsag hlyt~ {cytbm lm~cy{yc~e~lbm-

Ybm Deymcalc Db`bmle` Ql``leotisya Hbsmne~lbmT{bmtbycn i| H[L[M [LA

^gemf |bsAye{cxlmc DXIhby |bsy ts{{by~

bh ~gc9;59 E@GHEO

Emmse` Occ~lma%

Ychyctgocm~ Iycef4:;; / 4:53 [O@bmc T~ey Ie``ybbo

TSMNE\ JSMC 5;


15/36

53

@LXLMA GLT^BY\ LM E OSTCSO"[EYFCMXLYBMOCM^Qgc~gcy {by~ye|lma ed~se` glt~bylde` dgeyed~cyt by

acmcyld {cytbmt e `lxlma glt~by| {ybayeo ennt xe`sc ~b~gc xltl~by!t cw{cylcmdc- ^gc lm~cyed~lxc ed~lxl~| e``bqt ~gcxltl~by ~b etf usct~lbmt emn gc `cexct hcc`lma et lh gc geted~se``| )oc~) tbocbmc hybo glt~by|- ^glt lt e stchs` ~bb`lm iylnalma ~gc as`h ic~qccm ~gc {et~ emn {yctcm~-

Ibi Qc`dg Hybm~lcyt bh H`lag~ OstcsoASLNLMA XLTL^BYT ^BGCYLÊAC ^BSYLTO TL^CT

E {emc` bh ~gycc cw{cy~t lm ~gc hlc`n bh ds`~sye` emngcyl~eac ~bsylto ql`` tgbq |bs gbq ~b nctlam ib~g {ylm~

emn c`cd~ybmld aslnct ~b cmtsyc |bsy bqm gcyl~eac ~bsyltotsddctt- ^glt tcttlbm ql`` ~lc lm ql~g ~gc {yc/dbmhcycmdc~bsy bh Ne`èt Ibmmlc emn D`|nc tl~ct ~gbsag e~~cmnlma~gc ~bsy lt mb~ e {yc/ycusltl~c-

^- @lmnte| Iefcy êy`c~bm T~e~c Smlxcytl~|Oeyaeyc~ Gbbat~ye ^cwet Hby~t ^yel`Jl`` Deo{ic`` Jbynem ^cwet @efct ^yel`

TSMNE\ JSMC 5;4:53 / >:;; [O >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

Oem|~gemft

~b ~gc

hby ~gclyt{bmtbytgl{bh ~gc 9;59E@GHEOEmmseÒcc~lma%


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4:53 / >:>3 [O


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51

[yctlncm~le` Iemusc~e~ ~gc

Hybm~lcyt bh H`lag~ OstcsoCoieyf bm e jbsymc| ~gybsag ~gc glt~by| bh h`lag~ hybo ~gc Qylag~ Iyb~gcyt ~b ~gc

Ab`ncm Eac bh ~gc 5


18/36

57

7:;; EO Istct `cexc gb~c`

3 EO @smdg e~ ^cwet Dbqib| Ge`` bh Heoc Ostcso

5:4; [O Bmc bh ~gycc b{~lbmt:5, Qe`f T~bdf|eynt bm |bsy bqm9, Ds`~sye` Nlt~yld~ ^bsy bh Hby~ Qby~g 'Me~lbme` Dbqaly` Ge`` bh Heoc Ostcso bh Tdlcmdc emnGlt~by| emn De~~`c Yeltcyt Ostcso,4, Mb/Qe`f Ist ^bsy bh Hby~ Qby~g

>:4; [O Istct `cexc hby Aye{cxlmc ^W3:53 [O Metg Heyo emn 9;59 E@GHEO [`bqlma Dbm~ct~3:4; / 1:;; [O Istct ysm dbm~lmsbst`| hybo Metg Heyo ~b Nbqm~bqm Aye{cxlmc1:4; [O Nlmmcy e~ Aye{cxlmc Dbmxcm~lbm emn Xltl~byt Isyces

7:4; [O Emmse` E@GHEO Esd~lbm5;:;; [O Istct `cexc hby gb~c`

OBMNE\ JSMC 55

BM ^GC YBEN EAELM---

Qbs`n |bs `lfc ~b iylma em esd~lbm l~co ~b icmchl~ E@GHEO2 Nbme~lbm l~cot ql`` ic eddc{~cn e~ ~gcYcalt~ye~lbm Nctf lm ~gc gb~c` `bii| sm~l` Tsmne| eh~cymbbm- Lh |bs gexc em| usct~lbmt eibs~ qge~ l~cot

qbs`n ic e{{yb{yle~c hby ~gc esd~lbm by lh |bs mccn ~b oel` |bsy l~co lm enxemdc {`cetc dbm~ed~Ncyyldf Ilynte`` Dbmhcycmdc Dgely ncyyldf-ilynte``Kheyocytiyemdg-lmhb-

T{ccn/Dbedglma Tcttlbm@bbflma hby qe|t ~b fcc{ ~gc {et~ e`lxc e~ glt~byld tl~ct2 Dbmts`~ ql~g < E@GHEOl`| cw{cy~t bm qlnc yemalma is~ yc`cxem~~b{ldt lm 5; olms~c hedc/~b/hedc tcttlbmt- Tl~ edybtt ~gc ~ei`c hybo em cw{cy~ bh |bsy dgbldc emn {btc |bsy usct~lbmt- Gb{chs``| e `lxc`| nltdsttlbm"cwdgemac eibs~ oelm~elmlma yc`cxemdc lm e nlal~e` eac ql`` ycts`~- êi`c bh Cw{cy~t lmd`snct: Tstem E- Gemtbm Glt~by| Icglmn ~gc Tdcmct 'Obncye~by, Qgl~ Cnqeynt T~eyy Heol`| Gboc T~e~c Glt~byld Tl~c '[ybjcd~ Oemeacocm~ Ycgeil`l~e~lbm Dbmt~ysd~lbm [yctcyxe~lbm, Nexln H`b|n @TS Ysye` @lhc Ostcso 'Xb`sm~ccyt"Xb`sm~ccy [ybayeot, Nci Hylcnoem B`n T~syiylnac Xl`èac '[si`ld"Lm~cy{yc~lxc [ybayeot, Hyemz F`lmacmncy Demene Eaylds`~syc Ostcso 'Eaylds`~sye` Glt~by|"Oedglmcy|, Teyeg @cDbsm~, Ybdgct~cy Ostcso ( Tdlcmdc Dcm~cy 'Db``cd~lbmt Oemeacocm~, Cn Tdgs`~z, Db`bmle` Ql``leotisya 'Glt~byld Heyolma, Fe~g`ccm Qe``, [`lob~g [èm~e~lbm 'Glt~byld Hbbnqe|t, @lte Qby`c|, Lmnc{cmncm~ Dbmts`~em~ 'Tbdle` Ocnle,


19/36

53 EO >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

@LAG^T DEOCYE ED^LBM%STLMA OBNCYM ^CDGMB@BA\ ^B[YCTCYXC GLT^BYLD TFL@@TGcyl~eac [eyf Glt~bylde` Xl`èac get ycdcm~`| smncy~efcme Gcyl~eac Tfl``t [yctcyxe~lbm [ybjcd~ / {ybnsdlma~yelmlma xlncbt hby l~t T~ye~gobyc T~emneyn mcqt{e{cycwglil~- ^glt lt bmc bh 8 ~yenc tl~ct b{cye~cn et qbyflmacwglil~t emn dbm~elmt em 578;t Qgeyhcne`c mcqt{e{cy{yctt e `lmb~|{c emn b~gcy cusl{ocm~- Sm~l` ~gc eac bhdbo{s~cyt l~ ~bbf tcxcm |ceyt ~b icdboc e jbsymc|oem{ylm~cy nsc ~b ~gc dbo{`cwl~| bh ~gc qbyf emn oedglmcy|-

^bne| jbsymc|ocm {ycttocm eyc yeyc`| hbsmn emn ~gc^yenct Lm~cy{yc~cyt e~ Gcyl~eac [eyf eyc ic~qccm 1; emn7; |ceyt b`n- De{~sylma ~gcly fmbq`cnac lt xl~e` ~b cmtsyc~glt cwglil~ nbct mb~ icdboc t~e~ld- ^glt tcttlbm ql``{yctcm~ gbq Gcyl~eac [eyf lt stlma obncym ~cdgmb`ba| ~bnbdsocm~ glt~byld tfl``t lm ~gc T~ye~gobyc T~emneyn emnb~gcy ~yenc tl~ct lm ~gc {eyf- Hb``bqlma ~gc {yctcm~e~lbm{ey~ldl{em~t ql`` ic etfcn ~b tgeyc lncet emn tlolèydbmdcymt ycaeynlma ~gc {yctcyxe~lbm bh glt~byld ~yencthliyc ey~t heyolma {yed~ldct emn b~gcy tfl``t emn gbq qcdem cmtsyc ~ge~ xltl~byt dbm~lmsc ~b cw{cylcmdc xliyem~qbyflma cwglil~t-

C``cm Aettcy emn Tstem Ycdftcln`cyGcyl~eac [eyf Glt~bylde` Xl`èac

E T~C[ LM ^GC YLAG^ NLYCD^LBM:E TC@H/T^SN\ [YBAYEO HBYOSTCSOT EMN TL^CTT~C[t by T~emneynt emn Cwdc``cmdc [ybayeo hby Glt~by|Byaemlze~lbmt lt e tc`h/t~sn| {ybayeo dyce~cn hby toe`èmn ocnlso/tlzcn byaemlze~lbmt et em cm~y| lm~b ~gcettcttocm~ qby`n- L~ lt stcn ~b gc`{ byaemlze~lbmt occ~me~lbme` t~emneynt dyce~c ocemlmahs` `bma/yemac {èmtemn isl`n dycnlil`l~| emn de{edl~|- [ey~ldl{e~lbm lmT~C[t lt xb`sm~ey| ql~g mb c`lalil`l~| ycuslycocm~t byncen`lmct hby dbo{`c~lbm is~ ~gc t~emneynt stcn lm ~gc

{ybayeo eyc e`lamcn ql~g EEO t~emneynt ~b {ybxlnc et~ysd~syc bh lo{ybxcocm~ hby lmt~l~s~lbmt ~ge~ ncdlnc ~b{sytsc OE[ emn Eddycnl~e~lbm {ybayeot- Tcttlbme~~cmncct ql`` `ceym eibs~ nlhhcycm~ et{cd~t bh ~gcettcttocm~ {ybayeo lmd`snlma gbq T~C[t qet dyce~cnql~g hsmnlma hybo LO@T emn lm{s~ hybo bxcy 54; {cb{`cedybtt ~gc dbsm~y| cweo{`ct bh gbq T~C[t lt icmchl~~lmaglt~by| byaemlze~lbmt emn gbq T~C[t dem icmchl~ ~gclybqm byaemlze~lbm- ^gc T~C[t {ybayeo lt e ~bb` ~ge~ demic stcn ~b oelm~elm yc`cxemdc lm e`` eact-

^cyy| Jedftbm, Eocyldem Ettbdle~lbm hby T~e~c emn @bde`Glt~by|

Dgey`cmc Byy Glt~byld Octusl~c, Lmd-

^SCTNE\ JSMC 59

L ost~ te| et ~b qge~ L gexc tccm bh ^cwet, l~ lt ~gc aeyncm t{b~ bh ~gc qby`n, ~gc ict~ èmn emn ~gc ict~

{ybt{cd~t hby gce`~g L cxcy teq, emn L nb ic`lcxc l~ lt e hby~smc ~b em| oem ~b dboc gcyc - // Nex| Dybdfc~~


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5;:;; / 55:4; EO


21/36

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55:;; / 55:>3 EO >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

^B EYOT ^B EYOT^GC OCNLE EYC DBOLMA%\bs dbmxc| glt~bylde` octteact ~b ~gc {si`ld cxcy| ne|

is~ eyc |bs ycen| ~b ~c`` |bsy t~by| ~b ~gc ocnle2 Qge~ lt~gc yb`c bh ocnle lm ~bne|!t nlal~e` eac emn gbq dem ~gc|gc`{ dbmxc| |bsy glt~bylde` dboosml~|!t fc| octteactemn t~bylct ~b ~gc {si`ld2 ^glt tcttlbm ql`` dbmtlncy ~gctcusct~lbmt emn {ybxlnc lmtlag~ bm qge~ lmhbyoe~lbm ocnleyce``| tccf qgcm ~gc| dbm~ed~ |bs- Enb{~ t~ye~calct ~boefc |bsy glt~bylde` lm~cy{yc~cyt coiyedc ye~gcy ~gem ichceyhs` bh e ocnle xltl~- ^glt tcttlbm ql`` stc ~gc detct~sn| bh ~gc Sfyelmlem Ds`~sye` Gcyl~eac Xl`èac e{ybxlmdle` glt~byld tl~c bs~tlnc Cnobm~bm Eìcy~eDemene emn dbmtlncy gbq e {btl~lxc e{{ybedg ~b ocnleycè~lbmt gc`{t ~glt `lxlma glt~by| ostcso ycoelmyc`cxem~ lm ~bne|!t nlal~e` eac-

Nexln Oefbqtf| Sfyelmlem Ds`~sye` Gcyl~eac Xl`èac

BM ^GC @CXC@ : HYCCOETBMY\HBY ^GC LM^CY[YC^CYJblm st hby e nltdsttlbm ycaeynlma ~gc b`nct~ Hye~cyme`

byaemlze~lbm- Qc ql`` nltdstt ~gc iyb~gcygbbn!t glt~by|et qc`` et l~t {èdc lm glt~by|-

Ybm Deymcalc Db`bmle` Ql``leotisya Hbsmne~lbm emnQl``leotisya @bnac $8 E- H- ( E- O-T{bmtbycn i| H[L[M [LA

@SMDG

55:>3 EO / 5:;; [O@bmc T~eyIe``ybbo

^SCTNE\ JSMC 59

^gemf |bs

HEYOCYT IYEMDG DXIhby |bsy ts{{by~ bh ~gc

9;59 E@GHEOEmmse` Occ~lma-


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5:;; / 5:>3 [O >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

^SCTNE\ JSMC 59

HB@@BQLMA ^GC [@BQ: HYBOT^CEOTGL[ ^B ^GC LM^CYMC^: TDB^T/ MBY^G EOCYLDEM ^YEMTE^@EM^LDDS@^SYE@ CWDGEMACT [ET^ EMN[YCTCM^ EHHCD^LMA EMNNBDSOCM^LMA [@BQNCXC@B[OCM^ DLYDE 573; ^B 9;59

^glt {e{cy qet ncxc`b{cn ~gybsag ~gc lm~cymc~ lm{ey~mcytgl{ ql~g Neyy|` Qlmct bh Tlodbc Bm~eylbDemene- ^gc {sy{btc bh ~gc tcttlbm lt ~b tgbq gbq Tdb~tcolayem~t lmd`snlma heyocyt emn ièdftol~gt iybsag~lm~ybnsdcn emn oenc ~gcly {`bqt lm Mby~g Eocylde{ey~ldsèy`| Demene- Tsitcuscm~`| ~gctc Tdb~t {`bqtlmh`scmdcn Mby~g Eocyldem {`bq ncxc`b{ocm~ emnoemshed~syc emn qcyc ~gcm cw{by~cn iedf ~b Tdb~èmn

~gc T~ceotgl{ c`cocm~- Stlma ~gc lm~cymc~ ~gc es~gbytqcyc ei`c ~b lmxct~lae~c ~gc t~by| hybo ib~g tlnct bh ~gcE~èm~ld qgldg {ybxlnct e ietlt hby b~gcy tlolèy ds`~sye`t~snlct- Ib~g es~gbyt eyc ocoicyt bh ~gc E@GHEOHEYO [LA-

Ibi [bqc`` Lmnc{cmncm~ Eaylds`~sye` Glt~bylemNeyy|` Qlmct 'lm eitcm~le, Tlodbc Dbsm~| OstcsoT{bmtbycn i| ~gc HEYO [LA

HYBO ^GC HLC@N ^B HEDCIBBF:GEYXCT^LMA \BSY ESNLCMDC^GYBSAG NLALÊ@ OCNLELm~cy{yc~cyt lm em lmhbyoe~lbm cmyldgcn qby`n dem e~~yed~emn cmaeac xltl~byt qgl`c yc~elmlma yc`cxemdc i|dboosmlde~lma dbo{`cw olttlbmt emn {sy{btct ~b ~gclyesnlcmdc ~gybsag nlal~e` ocnle- Stlma cweo{`ct hyboIeyylma~bm @lxlma Glt~by| Heyo lm Qetglma~bm ^We~~cmncct ql`` `ceym gbq stc bh nlal~e` ~cdgmb`ba| gete~~yed~cn fc{~ emn aybqm xltl~e~lbm e~ ~gc tl~c qgl`chs`hl``lma lm~cy{yc~lxc abe`t emn bijcd~lxct- E~~cmncct ql``gcey gbq ~gc 573;t db~~bm heyo ic`bmalma ~b Emtbm Jbmct~gc èt~ [yctlncm~ bh ^cwet stct 4yn {cytbm lm~cy{yc~e~lbmemn glt~byld {yed~ldct e`bma ql~g obncym ~cdgmb`ba| ~bdyce~c dbmmcd~lbmt ql~g xltl~byt ~ge~ èt~ ic|bmn ~gclml~le` cw{cylcmdc- Metg Heyo e gcyl~eac heyo lm

Aye{cxlmc ^W ql`` e`tb ic stlma ~glt ~|{c bh ocnle ~bycedg {b~cm~le` xltl~byt emn e~~cmncct ql`` `ceym gbq ~gctl~c lm~cmnt ~b obxc hbyqeyn ql~g e Hedcibbf eddbsm~- Eusct~lbm emn emtqcy tcttlbm ql`` hb``bq ~gc {yctcm~e~lbm-

Jlo @esncyne`c Metg HeyoIeyi Flma Ieyylma~bm @lxlma Glt~by| Heyo

hby t{bmtbylma ~gc

9;59 E@GHEO Emmse` Occ~lma-

^gemf |bs


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NBM!^ NLA \BSY BQM AYEXC:EM LM^YB ^BDCOC^CY\ ^BSY [@EMMLMAQl~glm cedg dboosml~| dcoc~cylct eyc eobma ~gc obt~hetdlme~lma yldgct~ 'emn bh~cm ~gc obt~ mca`cd~cn, tbsydctbh `bde` glt~bylde` lmhbyoe~lbm- ^gc usemney| hby oem|dboosml~lct lt gbq ~b {yctcm~ lmhbyoe~lbm a`cemcn hybo~gc dcoc~cy| emn fcc{ ocoicyt bh ~gc {si`ld cmaeacn-Tsyc {e{cyt dem ic qyl~~cm emn `cd~syct alxcm is~ qg|mb~ alxc |bsy esnlcmdc e `lxlma glt~by| cw{cylcmdc emnoefc ~gbtc isylcn lm ~gc dcoc~cy| dboc e`lxc ~b ~c``~gcly bqm t~by|2 ^glt tcttlbm ql`` dbxcy ~gc ietldt bh icalmmlma e dcoc~cy| ~bsy {ybayeo- Dboc `ceym gbq ~bac~ t~ey~cn emn obyc lo{by~em~`| gbq ~b exbln ~gc {l~he``tbh e mcq {ybayeo- Qgl`c yctbsydc lmhbyoe~lbm ql`` ic{ybxlncn tcttlbm e~~cmncct eyc cmdbsyeacn ~b tgeyc et

qc``- [`cetc dboc ycen| ~b etf usct~lbmt emn dbm~ylis~c etqc {yc{eyc ~b ~e`f hby ~gbtc qgb mb `bmacy dem-

Ieyieye Jsnflmt Heyocyt Iyemdg Glt~bylde` [eyf

EAYLDS@^SYC 5;5:EM LM^YBNSD^LBM ^B HEYOLMAHBY ^GC MBM/HEYOCY 'GE\LMA,^gc oejbyl~| bh obncym {cb{`c eyc tcxcye` acmcye~lbmtycobxcn hybo ~gc heyo emn `edf em smncyt~emnlma bh ~gc ietldt bh eaylds`~syc- ^glt lt ~gc hlyt~ tcttlbm lm ebmablma tcylct bh emmse` tcttlbmt ~ge~ ql`` e~~co{~ ~b hl`~ge~ ae{ i| {ybxlnlma em lm~ybnsd~lbm ~b ~gc xeylbs{ybdcttct emn lo{`cocm~t cttcm~le` ~b dyb{ emn `lxct~bdf{ybnsd~lbm- ^gc ~b{ld hby ~glt |cey lt ge|lma-

D`lhh Jbmct Tbs~g Nsohylct Glt~bylde` Tbdlc~|Hyemz F`lmacmncy Demene Eaylds`~syc OstcsoT{bmtbycn i| ~gc HEYO [LA

^SCTNE\ JSMC 59

Ychyctgocm~ Iycef4:;; / 4:53 [O@bmc T~ey Ie``ybbo


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NLALÊ@ EAC >/GCYT:ABLMA IC\BMN XLY^SE@ YCE@L^\^glt ql`` ic e yce` `lhc cweo{`c bh gbq >/G!t )`ceymlma i|

nblma) dem ~yemtè~c lm~b {btl~lxc xb`sm~ccy |bs~g emnxltl~by cw{cylcmdct e~ glt~byld tl~ct- Lm 9;;7 L {ey~mcycnql~g Xlyalmle ^cdg Dbb{cye~lxc Cw~cmtlbm Tcyxldct emnt~ey~cn e >/G gcyl~eac d`si e~ Acbyac Qetglma~bmIly~g{èdc Me~lbme` Obmsocm~- Ablma ic|bmn ~gct~cycb~|{c bh dbqt emn tbqt d`si o| lm~cm~ qet ~byct{bmn ~b ~gc {si`ldt nctlyc ~b yc/ct~ei`ltg dbt~socn`lxlma glt~by| e~ ~gc {eyf eh~cy e 9; |cey gle~st- Tlmdc~ge~ ~loc bxcy 5;; |bs~gt emn ens`~ `cencyt gexcncobmt~ye~cn ièdftol~glma gcey~g dbbflma Db`bmle`nemdlma ietfc~ oeflma t{lmmlma emn qcexlma e~ ~gc{eyf et qc`` et e~ `bde` cxcm~t emn b~gcy glt~byld tl~ct-

Yldgeyn @egc| Me~lbme` [eyf Tcyxldc

T^BY\/^C@@LMA LM ^GC NLALÊ@EAC: ^CDGMLUSCT HBY IC^^CYGLT^BYLDE@ DGEYED^CY[YCTCMÊ^LBMT[by~ye|lma ~gc ncen tgbs`n mb~ ic ncen`|% Ostcsoxltl~byt ~bne| gexc glag cw{cd~e~lbmt emn tgby~ e~~cm~lbmt{emt- Obt~ dboc ~b glt~byld tl~ct ~b ic cmjb|ei`|cm~cy~elmcn emn lm ~gc {ybdctt oe|ic `ceym e `l~~`c eibs~

~gc {et~- Jst~ gexlma tbocbmc lm glt~byld aeyi ~e`flma e~~gco tc`nbo ds~t l~ em|obyc- Eddst~bocn ~b dgbldc emnusldf aye~lhlde~lbm ~gc| ql`` obxc bm e~ `cet~ ocm~e``|emn stse``| {g|tlde``| sm`ctt qc dem de{~syc emn gb`n~gcly e~~cm~lbm- ^glt tcttlbm cw{`byct tlo{`c {yed~lde`~l{t emn ~cdgmlusct ~b cmaeac cm~cy~elm emn cnsde~c e95t~ dcm~sy| esnlcmdc- Qgl`c ~gc hbdst lt bm dgeyed~cy{yctcm~e~lbm oem| bh ~gc ~cdgmlusct eyc e`tb ene{~ei`c ~b~glyn {cytbm lm~cy{yc~e~lbm-

^bo Fc``cgcy B`n T~syiylnac Xl`èac

LMXB@XLMA \BS^G:^GC @LXLMA GLT^BY\ E[[YCM^LDC^glt tcttlbm ql`` `bbf e~ ~gc @lxlma Glt~by| E{{ycm~ldc

'@GE, Dètt ( [ybayeo e~ T~sgy Ostcso- [ey~ldl{em~tql`` ic ~efcm ~gybsag cedg ne| bh ~gc lml~le` > ne| dètt"~yelmlma tcttlbm ~b tcc gbq |bs~gt eyc {yc{eycn ~b qbyf e~~gc ostcso et qc`` et ~gc e{{`lde~lbm oemse`dboosmlde~lbm oc~gbnt cw{cd~e~lbmt emn ycqeyntexelèi`c hby cedg @GE- @lxlma Glt~by| E{{ycm~ldctqbyf lm glt~byld et qc`` et mbm/glt~byld eycet bh ~gcostcso ettlt~lma ql~g ne|/~b/ne| lm~cy{yc~e~lbm lmYel`yben ^bqm cxcm~t dèttct emn b~gcy {ybayeot bm ~gcaybsmnt-

Fe| D|mbxe T~sgy Ostcso

^SCTNE\ JSMC 59

)^gc| te| ~ge~ Xlyalmle lt ~gc ob~gcy bh ^cwet- Qc

mcxcy fmcq qgb ~gc he~gcy qet, is~ qc flmne tst/

{cd~cn ^cmmcttcc-) //^cw Yl~~cy ostldlem emn obxlct~ey


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4:;; / >:4; [O


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>:;; / >:>3 [O >3 Olms~c Dbmdsyycm~ Tcttlbmt

DYBTTLMA ^GC DCM^SYLCT E^HBY^ DBMDGBTsyybsmncn i| ~gc dl~| l~ gc`{cn dyce~c Hby~ Dbmdgb

yc{yctcm~t acmcye~lbmt bh {yctcyxe~lbm- Hybo em ltb`e~cnhybm~lcy hby~ ~b e toe`` ~bqmt hlyt~ tsinlxltlbm eh`cna`lma ostcso ~b e {ybhcttlbme``| b{cye~cn tl~c ~gchby~ get dbmtsocn mcey`| mlmc~| |ceyt bh chhby~- ^bne| l~hsmd~lbmt bm oem| `cxc`t: e {si`ld t{edc ostcso{yctcyxe~lbm {ybjcd~ `lxlma glt~by| dcm~cy eydglxc`liyey| emn ~bsylto e~~yed~lbm- Gbq nln ~glt dboc ~b{ett2 Cedg acmcye~lbm gen l~t xltlbm is~ l~ qet mcl~gcy etobb~g mby t~cen| jbsymc|- I| ~gc `e~c 5


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97

T{cdle` ~gemft ~b

hby ~gcly ts{{by~ bh ~gc9;59 E@GHEO Emmse` Occ~lma%

D`btlma Ycdc{~lbmAl``c|t Ne``etJblm st hby e ^cwet/t~|`c mlag~ bm ~gc ~bqm dbo{`c~c ql~g nlmmcy detg iey nemdc ge``

ocdgemlde` is``, dbsm~y| nemdlma lmt~ysd~byt, emn `lxc ostld- Lh |bsxc tccm ~gc 5


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4;

OCE@TDbo{`locm~ey| iycefhet~ ishhc~ lt tcyxcn nel`| Obmne| / Hylne| 8:;; /5;:;; EO emn Te~syne| emn Tsmne|1:;; / 55:;; EO hby e`` asct~t bh ~gc Gb`lne| Lmm Tc`cd~- E`` b~gcy oce`t nylmft emn tmedft ql`` ic tcyxcn e~nctlame~cn ~loct emn `bde~lbmt emn eyc lmd`sncn lm |bsy dbmhcycmdc ye~c sm`ctt b~gcyqltc mb~cn- Xcac~eylem

b{~lbmt ql`` ic exelèi`c e~ cedg oce`- [`cetc lmhbyo dbmhcycmdc t~ehh bh em| t{cdle` nlc~ey| mccnt bm ~gcycalt~ye~lbm hbyo- @BNALMA^gc bhhldle` dbmhcycmdc gb~c` emn `bde~lbm bh ~gc tcttlbmt ql`` ic ~gc Gb`lne| Lmm Tc`cd~ Mby~g Ne`èt e~ ~gcmby~gcet~ dbymcy bh L/43 emn L/843- ^gc gb~c` get alxcm E@GHEO e~~cmncct ~gc dbmhcycmdc ye~c bh .7< {cymlag~ hby e t~emneyn ybbo- Iycefhet~ lt lmd`sncn lm ~gc ybbo ye~c- [`cetc ocm~lbm E@GHEO qgcm oeflma|bsy yctcyxe~lbm-

Gb`lne| Lmm Tc`cd~ Mby~g Ne`èt98>3 @IJ Hyccqe|

Ne`èt ^cwet 1394>'4/4484 {'4/8879 h

Asct~t bh ~gc gb~c` ql`` cmjb| ~gctc eocml~lct lm cedg ybbo: hycc Ql/Hl eddctt ne~e {by~t dbhhccoefcytgelyny|cyt lybmt ( lybmlma ibeynt- Asct~t ql`` e`tb gexc eddctt ~b ~gc hl~mctt dcm~cy lmnbby emn bs~nbby {bb`t

istlmctt dcm~cy bm/tl~c èsmnyboe~ emn hycc {eyflma- Gb~c` tgs~~`c tcyxldc lt exelèi`c hby e `lol~cn eyce-

Hby lmhbyoe~lbm eibs~ b~gcy gb~c`t lm ~gc eyce {`cetc xltl~: g~~{:""qqq-heyocytiyemdg-lmhb"{è|"xltl~/st"`bnalma-

NYLXLMA NLYCD^LBMT ^B GB^C@Hybo Qct~ 'NHQ Ely{by~,:êfc ~gc Mby~g Cwl~ bs~ bh NHQ- êfc L/843 Cet~- Cwl~ Jbtc| @emc '98, emn ~sym `ch~- êfc ~gc hlyt~ `ch~ bm~bL/843"@IJ Tcyxldc Yben- Gb~c` lt bm ~gc ylag~-

Hybo Cet~ 'L/9;,:êfc L/9; Qct~ ~b ST 7; Qct~- Cwl~ L/843 Mby~g- Cwl~ Qcii Dge{c` Yn"Jbtc| @emc cwl~ '93,- T~e| bm ~gctcyxldc yben- Dybtt bxcy Jbtc| @emc- Gb~c` lt bm ~gc ylag~-

Hybo Mby~g 'L/43,:êfc L/43C Tbs~g ~b L/843 Cet~ '>>;I,- Cwl~ Jbtc| @emc '98, emn ~sym `ch~- êfc ~gc hlyt~ `ch~ bm~b L/843"@IJ

Tcyxldc Yben- Gb~c` lt bm ~gc ylag~-

Hybo Tbs~g 'Nbqm~bqm Ne`èt by @bxc Hlc`n,:êfc L/43C Mby~g ~b L/843 Cet~ '>>;I,- Cwl~ Jbtc| @emc '98, emn ~sym `ch~- êfc ~gc hlyt~ `ch~ bm~b L/843"@IJTcyxldc Yben- Gb~c` lt bm ~gc ylag~-

GBT[LÊ@L^\^gc Gbt{l~e`l~| Tsl~c ql`` ic `bde~cn lm ~gc Lm~cyme~lbme` [ey`by / Ybbo 899 hybo 5;:;; [O / 59:;; EO cedgmlag~ bh ~gc dbmhcycmdc- Tmedft emn mbm/e`dbgb`ld icxcyeact ql`` ic {ybxlncn-

^YEXC@ LMHBYOE^LBM


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45

ELY[BY^TN"HQ Lm~cyme~lbme` Ely{by~ 'NHQ, / 55 ol`ctNe`èt @bxc Hlc`n 'NE@, / < ol`ct

ELY[BY^ ^YEMT[BYÊ^LBMYcm~e` DeytIb~g N"HQ Lm~cyme~lbme` Ely{by~ emn Ne`èt @bxc Hlc`n {ybxlnc tgs~~`ct hybo ely{by~ ~cyolme`t ~b e`` oejbyycm~e` dey eacmdlct lmd`snlma: Eèob Exlt Nb`èy Cm~cy{yltc Gcy~z emn b~gcyt-

êwl"Tgs~~`c Tcyxldcêwl tcyxldc lt exelèi`c hybo nctlame~cn ~ewl t~emnt ql~glm ~gc ely{by~ ~cyolme`t e~ ib~g ely{by~t- Excyeacheyct dem yemac hybo .4; /.8;-

Tgs~~`c tcyxldc lt exelèi`c hybo ib~g ely{by~t ~gybsag Dl~| Tgs~~`c / '95>, 18;/5


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49

Jbgm T~clmicdf teln l~ ict~ qgcm gc t~e~cn L gexc obxcn bxcy e ayce~ {ey~ bh ^cwet emn L fmbq ~ge~ql~glm l~t ibyncyt L gexc tccm jst~ eibs~ et oem| flmnt bh dbsm~y| dbm~bsy d`loe~c emn dbmhbyoe~lbmet ~gcyc eyc lm ~gc qby`n- ^gc hs`` nc{~g emn iycen~g bh ^cwet lt tboc~glma obt~ ql`` mcxcy tcc emn~ge~ abct hby ^cwemt et qc``% Iclma ~gc tcdbmn èyact~ t~e~c lm ~gc dbsm~y| get l~t enxem~eact / ~gcyc lt

tb osdg ~b tcc emn nb gcyc |bsy geynct~ ~etf ql`` ic {ldflma em enxcm~syc- Qgc~gcy l~ lt de~dglma eYemacyt aeoc e~ ~gc Ie``{eyf '|ct ~gc| eyc lm ~bqm eh~cy ~gc dbmhcycmdc, by gcenlma nbqm ~b TemEm~bmlb ~b dgcdf bs~ ~gc Eèob ~gcyc lt bmc ~glma ~b fcc{ lm olmn / nlt~emdc- Nln |bs fmbq ~ge~ l~~efct `bmacy ~b nylxc edybtt ~gc t~e~c bh ^cwet ~gem l~ nbct ~b nylxc hybo ^cwet e`` ~gc qe| ~b @btEmac`ct2 Ql~g ~ge~ lm olmn qc gexc `lt~cn e hcq bh bsy obt~ {b{sèy nct~lme~lbmt emn nlt~emdct lmnylxlma ~loc- Lh qc dem emtqcy em| usct~lbmt hby |bs {`cetc nbm~ gctl~e~c ~b alxc st e de`` e~ ';8/;57>-

HEYOCYT IYEMDG ^B:

Ennltbm 'Yct~esyem~ Ybq, 3 ol`ct 5; olms~ctNe`èt Eyibyc~so 5< ol`ct 91 olms~ctNbqm~bqm Ne`èt 5> ol`ct 9; olms~ct

Eocyldem Ely`lmct Dcm~cy"Xld~by| [eyfDybq Ostcso bh Etlem Ey~Ne`èt EuseylsoNe`èt Gcyl~eac Xl`èacNe`èt Gb`bdest~ OstcsoNe`èt Ostcso bh Ey~Nce`c| [èze"Tlw~g H`bby OstcsoNcc{ C``soHely [eyfMetgcy Tds`{~syc Dcm~cyB`n Ycn OstcsoQct~ Cmn Glt~byld Nlt~yld~

Ae``cyle Oe`` 3 ol`ct 7 olms~ct@bqcy Ayccmxl``c 5> ol`ct 9; olms~ctOcenbqt Ostcso e~ TOS 53 ol`ct 53 olms~ctQgl~c Ybdf @efc 9; ol`ct 97 olms~ct

Ey`lma~bm 'Tlw Hèat Ie``{eyf, 9; ol`ct 4; olms~ctEst~lm 'De{l~e` bh ^cwet Est~lm Dl~| @lol~t, 57< ol`ct 4 gbsytIla Icmn Me~lbme` [eyf 33; ol`ct -3 gbsytAe`xct~bm 'Tceqe`` ^gc T~yemn, 4;4 ol`ct 3 gbsytGbst~bm 'Tem Jedlm~b Ie~~`chlc`n Ie~~`ctgl{ ^cwet, 934 ol`ct > gbsytOeyhe 'Oeyhe @lag~t [eltemb [ett, 394 ol`ct 7-3 gbsyt[e`b Nsyb Dem|bm 481 ol`ct 8 gbsytTem Em~bmlb 'Eèob Ylxcyqe`f Tce Qby`n, 978 ol`ct 3 gbsyt

^GLMAT ^B NB LM ^CWET


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44

Ycalt~ye~lbm Hbyo[`cetc dbo{`c~c bmc hbyo 'ib~g tlnct, hby cedg {ey~ldl{em~ emn yc~sym ql~g hs`` {e|ocm~ ~b:

Heyocyt Iyemdg Glt~bylde` [eyfE^^M: E@GHEO 9;59 Dbmhcycmdc[- B- Ibw 75;3 .>7; .RRRRRRRRRRRR

Asct~ 'lmd`snct oce`t cxcm~t emn tl~c xltl~t, .913 .43; .RRRRRRRRRRRR

Ne| ' Tsmne|Obmne| ^sctne|, .53; cedg ne| .53; cedg ne| .RRRRRRRRRRRR

Lh ycalt~ye~lbm lt mb~ {bt~oeyfcn i| Oe| 5 {`cetc ycalt~cy bm tl~c- Ycalt~ye~lbm tsi~b~e` .RRRRRRRRRRRR

[ybhcttlbme` Ncxc`b{ocm~ Qbyftgb{tT{edc lt `lol~cn hby qbyftgb{t- [`cetc oeyf |bsy hlyt~ emn tcdbmn dgbldct lm ~gc t{edc bm ~gc `ch~- E`` ~yemt{by~e~lbm emn oe~cyle`tlmd`sncn smdg lmd`sncn qgcm lmnlde~cn-

Hs`` Ne| Qbyftgb{t

RRRR Tb \e Qem~e Aycetc \bsy ^ysdf .43 'ibw `smdg, .RRRRRRRRRR

RRRR Ibmmlc ( D`|nc lm Ne``et .93 .RRRRRRR

RRRR @ba Deilm [yctcyxe~lbm .43 'ibw `smdg, .RRRRRRRR

RRRR \cc Geq Ges~c Dbs~syc .93 .RRRRR

RRRR Cmaealma Dboosml~| emn Obxlma bqeynt Yc`cxemdc .3;".43 'ibw `smdg, .RRRRRRRRRRRR

'.3; hby hlyt~ e~~cmncc hybo lmt~l~s~lbm .43 cedg hby ennl~lbme` e~~cmncct,

RRRR NEY^ ^bsy bh Glt~byld Nbqm~bqm Ne``et .93 .RRRRRRRRR

RRRR D[Y Gc`{lma Gemnt [ybjcd~ HYCC '`smdg, .RRRRRRRR

'^/Tgly~ Tlzc O @ W@ WW@ ,

Ge`h Ne| Qbyftgb{t

RRRR Qbb` emn L~t Os`~l{`c Stct .3; 'ibw `smdg, .RRRRRRRRR

RRRR [lbmccy Dbbflma 'Icalmmcy, .>; 'ibw `smdg, .RRRRRRRR

RRRR Fcc{lma Fbtgcy lm 5


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4>

Ycalt~ye~lbm 'dbm~lmscn,

Eddboobne~lbmtE`` eddboobne~lbmt ost~ ic eyyemacn nlycd~`| ql~g em eyce gb~c`- Lh |bs eyc t~e|lma e~ ~gc bhhldle` dbmhcycmdc gb~c` ~gc Gb`lne| LmmTc`cd~ Mby~g Ne`èt {`cetc dbm~ed~ ~gco e~ '4/4484 emn ocm~lbm E@GHEO-

B~gcyL ycuslyc xcac~eylem oce`t-

L gexc hbbn e``cyalct by t{cdle` hbbn ycuslycocm~t- [`cetc `lt~:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR'Oe| lmdsy ennl~lbme` dbt~-,

L gexc gce`~g dbmdcymt bh qgldg L qem~ t~ehh ~b ic eqeyc- [`cetc `lt~:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

E`` e~~cmncct {`cetc lt~ cocyacmd| dbm~ed~ lmhbyoe~lbm:

MeocRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR Ycè~lbmtgl{RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR [gbmcRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

[e|ocm~'Ycalt~ye~lbm ql`` mb~ ic {ybdcttcn ql~gbs~ dbo{`c~c {e|ocm~-,

Ycalt~ye~lbm Tsi~b~e` .RRRRRRRRRRRR

Qbyftgb{ Tsi~b~e` .RRRRRRRRRRRR

Dbmhcycmdc /Tgly~ 'b{~lbme`, .53 O @ W@ WW@ 'Enn .9, .RRRRRRRRRRRR

DBMHCYCMDC ^BÊ@ .RRRRRRRRRRRR

L gexc cmd`btcn e dgcdf oenc {e|ei`c ~b ^gc Hylcmnt bh ~gc Heyocyt Iyemdg Glt~bylde` [eyf-

[`cetc dgeyac o| dycnl~ deyn: Xlte OD Nltdbxcy

Dycnl~ Deyn Msoicy:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR Cw{- Ne~cRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

Ennyctt bh Deyngb`ncy:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

Meoc et l~ e{{ceyt bm deyn:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR DLX$RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

Tlame~syc:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

Demdc`è~lbm [b`ld|Qyl~~cm demdc`è~lbmt ql`` ic eddc{~cn s{ ~b emn lmd`snlma Oe| 7 `ctt e 93# demdc`è~lbm hcc- Nsc ~b hlmemdle` dbool~ocm~t oenclm enxemdc mb ychsmn ql`` ic ayem~cn eh~cy ~glt ne~c-

L gexc ycen emn edfmbq`cnac ~glt Demdc`è~lbm [b`ld|- Tlame~sycRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

^gemf |bs hby ycalt~cylma hby ~gc 9;59 Emmse` E@GHEO Dbmhcycmdc- Lh |bs gexc

em| usct~lbmt by dbmdcymt {`cetc dbm~ed~ dbmhcycmdc t~ehh e~ ';8/;57>-Qc `bbf hbyqeyn ~b tcclma |bs lm Jsmc%

BHHLDC STC BM@\

Ne~c Ycdclxcn:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR Dbmhlyoe~lbm Tcm~: \ " M RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

Dycnl~ Deyn Dbmhlyoe~lbm Msoicy:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR Cm~cycn:RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR

RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR


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Lm 9;54, Ge`c Heyo ( Xl``eac, em bs~nbby `lxlma glt~by| ostcso emn e {ycolcy db``cd~lbm emn{yb{cy~| bh Qct~cym Yctcyxc Glt~bylde` Tbdlc~|, ql`` gbt~ E@GHEO!t Emmse` Occ~lma emnDbmhcycmdc- Mct~`cn lm ~gc {ld~syctusc Ds|egbae Xe``c| Me~lbme` [eyf, Ge`c Heyo ( Xl``eac nc{ld~tMby~gcet~ Bglb ysye` `lhc lm ~gc oln/5


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Documents

The 2012 Association for Living History, Farm and Agricultural Museums Annual Meeting and Conference Program