TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE ARE DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO ONE

ANOTHER

Fluid Properties Con’tPressure

Pressure

How is it measured in process industry?

Pressure

How is it measured in process industry? PSIG – Pounds per Square Inch Gauge

Pressure

How is it measured in process industry? PSIG – Pounds per Square Inch Gauge

Pressure within a system without taking into account for atmospheric pressure

Pressure

How is it measured in process industry? PSIG – Pounds per Square Inch Gauge

Pressure within a system without taking into account for atmospheric pressure

PSIA – Pounds per Square Inch Absolute

Pressure

How is it measured in process industry? PSIG – Pounds per Square Inch Gauge

Pressure within a system without taking into account for atmospheric pressure

PSIA – Pounds per Square Inch Absolute This is the SUM of the pressure within the system and

the atmospheric pressure

Pressure

How is it measured in process industry? PSIG – Pounds per Square Inch Gauge

Pressure within a system without taking into account for atmospheric pressure

PSIA – Pounds per Square Inch Absolute This is the SUM of the pressure within the system and

the atmospheric pressure Atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psi @ sea level

Pressure of Fluids

So what affects the pressure of a fluid?

Pressure of Fluids

So what affects the pressure of a fluid? Temperature -

Pressure of Fluids

So what affects the pressure of a fluid? Temperature and pressure are Directly proportional to

each other. So what does that mean?

Pressure of Fluids

So what affects the pressure of a fluid? Temperature and pressure are Directly proportional to

each other. So what does that mean? As temperature increases so does pressure and if

temperature decreases so too does pressure. Example

Pressure of Fluids

So what affects the pressure of a fluid? Temperature and pressure are Directly proportional to

each other. So what does that mean? As temperature increases so does pressure and if

temperature decreases so too does pressure Volume is indirectly proportional to both temperature

and pressure. So what does that mean?

Pressure of Fluids

So what affects the pressure of a fluid? Temperature and pressure are Directly proportional to

each other. So what does that mean? As temperature increases so does pressure and if

temperature decreases so too does pressure Volume is indirectly proportional to both temperature

and pressure. So what does that mean? As volume is decreased temperature and pressure will

increase and if volume is increased then temperature and pressure will decrease

Gravity of Fluids

Gravity – expresses the weight of a fluid

Gravity of Fluids

Gravity – expresses the weight of a fluid Liquid densities are typically compared to water

Gravity of Fluids

Gravity – expresses the weight of a fluid Liquid densities are typically compared to water

API (American Petroleum Institute) Gravity measures liquid hydrocarbon densities to water

Gravity of Fluids

Gravity – expresses the weight of a fluid Liquid densities are typically compared to water

API (American Petroleum Institute) Gravity measures liquid hydrocarbon densities to water

Gas or vapor densities are compared to air

Gravity of Fluids

Gravity – expresses the weight of a fluid Liquid densities are typically compared to water

API (American Petroleum Institute) Gravity measures liquid hydrocarbon densities to water

Gas or vapor densities are compared to airSpecific Gravity – is a comparison of the fluid density of

compound to the fluid density of a different compound that are both at the same temperature

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Immiscible – liquids of differing specific gravities that are not capable of mixing

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Immiscible – liquids of differing specific gravities that are not capable of mixing Solubility – the ability of a compound to dissolve in a

given solvent

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Immiscible – liquids of differing specific gravities that are not capable of mixing Solubility – the ability of a compound to dissolve in a

given solvent Things to keep in mind:

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Immiscible – liquids of differing specific gravities that are not capable of mixing Solubility – the ability of a compound to dissolve in a

given solvent Things to keep in mind:

Water has a high solubility with natural gas that can cause huge problems in the processing plant = can form HYDRATES

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Immiscible – liquids of differing specific gravities that are not capable of mixing Solubility – the ability of a compound to dissolve in a

given solvent Things to keep in mind:

Water has a high solubility with natural gas that can cause huge problems in the processing plant = can form HYDRATES Problems with Clogging equipment and lines Ex p. 7

ALL HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS a miscible with each other

Miscibility of Fluids

Miscible – liquids of different specific gravities are able to form a mixture.

Immiscible – liquids of differing specific gravities that are not capable of mixing Solubility – the ability of a compound to dissolve in a

given solvent Things to keep in mind:

Water has a high solubility with natural gas that can cause huge problems in the processing plant = can form HYDRATES

ALL HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS a miscible with each other

However they are not miscible with GLYCOL