Telecom & IT Power Telecom & IT Power Trends and IssuesTrends and Issues

Tom GruzsTom GruzsLiebert ColumbusLiebert Columbus

Power Quality Problem:

When there is a difference between:The Quality of Power Supplied

andThe Quality of Power Required by the Load for Reliable Operation

Examples: Electromechanical Clock vs. Digital Alarm Clock

Motor vs. Motor Drive

Surge Protective Devices

Power Conditioning

Good System DesignWiring and Grounding

UPS

Power Quality Solutions

Generator

Redundancy

Cost

Emerson Network Power Power and Connectivity ArchitectureEmerson Network Power Emerson Network Power Power and Connectivity ArchitecturePower and Connectivity Architecture

TransferSwitch

Generator

InboundPower

UtilityAC

DC Power Systems

ACSurge DC Power System DC Power Interface

AC Power Systems

ACSurge UPS AC Distribution

Mission CriticalCooling

Telecom Loads

AC/DCPowerSupplies

DC/DCConverter

PowerUnits

DC/DCConverter

Tower

ConnectIvIty

Services & EF&I

- Maintenance

- Monitoring

Connector Assemblies

CabinetSolutions/Outside

Plant

IT Loads

Powering Telecom LoadsPowering Telecom LoadsDC Power BasicsDC Power Basics

Why -48VDC (The Sign)?– The Battery Positive is Grounded– Negative Polarity Reduces Corrosion Problems

with Underground Cables and Conduits

Why -48VDC (The Value)?– Low Voltage (<72V or 60V) Did Not Require

Licensed Electricians– Was Not Governed by the NEC

Why not use commercial AC directly?– DC Was Used to “Carry” Voice Signals– AC Power Was Not Deemed Reliable

Enough for Critical Telecom Applications– AC Cannot be Easily Stored

Convergence Has Blurred the Difference Between Telecom and IT Loads

Powering Telecom LoadsPowering Telecom LoadsDC Power BasicsDC Power Basics

DC Power for Critical LoadsDC Power for Critical LoadsDC Power for Critical LoadsUse Multiple Parallel Rectifiers– Ease of Expansion– Ease of Redundancy– Higher Equipment and Installation Cost– Potentially Lower MTBF of Rectifiers– Mitigated by the Battery Connection Directly to the

Load and Low MTTRRequires Inverters to Power AC Loads1 Hour Min. Battery Due to Coup de Fouet EffectHigh Power Applications limited by Voltage DropPower Capacities up to ≈ 10,000 Amps (500 kW)

DC Power for Telecom and IT LoadsDC Power for Telecom and IT LoadsDC Power for Telecom and IT Loads

ACPowerUtility

Standby Generator

Battery Rack

Rectifiers Distribution

DC/DC Converter

DC/AC Inverter24 Cells

(3 or 8 Hour Battery)

-48 VDC

Other DC Loads

AC Loads

-48VDC Loads

-48 VDC

Other AC Loads Lighting, HVAC

DC Power Plant

ATS

Battery Rack

Power Plant w/Distribution

Load

Power Distribution

Cabinet

0.25V 1.25V 1.0V

2.5V

--48VDC Power Plant Voltage Drop48VDC Power Plant Voltage Drop

Typical Maximum Allowable 2-Way Voltage Drop

-44.5V Min.1.85 V/Cell

-42.0V Min.1.75 V/Cell

AC UPS– Higher Voltage Batteries (120 to 240 Cells)– Regulated AC Output Voltage

• Lower End of Discharge Voltage (1.65V/C Typ.)• Longer Runs of Higher Power Feasible

– Power Capacities Available up to 3000 kVA– Redundant Generators Are Typical– 15 Minute Batteries Typical– More Complex

• Mitigated by Commercial AC Power Bypass and Redundancy

DC or AC Power for Critical Loads?

AC UPS to Power IT and Telecom LoadsAC UPS to Power IT and Telecom LoadsAC UPS to Power IT and Telecom Loads

ACPowerUtility

Standby Generator

Battery Rack

AC UPS Distribution

Rectifier

120 to 240 Cells(15 Min. Battery)

AC

120/208VAC

ATS

Other DC Loads

AC Loads

-48VDC Loads

Other AC Loads Lighting, HVAC

AC/DC Converter

Unregulated Unregulated ACAC

AUTOMATIC STATIC BYPASS

BATTERY

RECTIFIER /CHARGER

LOADLOADDCSOURCESOURCE

Regulated ACRegulated ACINVERTER

MTBF SMS Without Bypass = 21,254 HoursMTBF SMS With Static Bypass = 108,423 Hours

5 x Increase

(Based on MIL-HDBK-217C and Reliability Engineering, ARINC Research Corp, Prentice Hall)

AC UPS SystemImportance of the Automatic Static BypassAC UPS SystemImportance of the Automatic Static Bypass

UTILITY

ENGINE GENERATOR

AUTOMATIC TRANSFERSWITCH

UPS Module

BATTERY

External Maintenance Bypass

LOAD

RR II

Fuel

Improving The AC UPS SystemAdding Stand-by Generator & ATSImproving The AC UPS SystemAdding Stand-by Generator & ATS

OUTPUT

MAINTENANCE BYPASS

UPS Module 3

UPS Module 2

UPS Module 1

SYSTEM CONTROL CABINET

STATIC SWITCH

RECTIFIER AC INPUT

RECTIFIER AC INPUT

RECTIFIER AC INPUT

BATTERY

BATTERY

BATTERY

BYPASS INPUT

MAINTENANCE BYPASS INPUT

Note: Individual Module Batteries

Improving The AC UPS SystemN+1 Parallel RedundancyImproving The AC UPS SystemN+1 Parallel Redundancy

ACPowerUtility

Standby Generator

Battery Rack

Rectifiers

AC UPS

Distribution

DC/DC Converter

-48 VDC(1 Hour Min. Battery)

-48 VDC

-48 VDC

DC Power Plant

ATS

-48VDC Power for Telecom Loads & AC UPS for IT Loads

Other DC Loads

AC Loads

-48VDC Loads

Other AC Loads Lighting, HVAC

Battery Rack120 to 240 Cells(15 Min. Battery)

Distributed DC Power PlantsDistributed DC Power PlantsDistributed DC Power Plants

Multiple Smaller Rectifiers Located Close to the Loads– Centralized AC UPS Eliminates Distributed Batteries– AC Power Provides Higher Power for Longer

Distribution Distances– Potentially Higher Equipment Cost w/ Lower Installation

Costs for Lower Total Cost– Potentially Lower Equipment MTBF (More Rectifiers)– No DC Battery Mitigated by the Redundant AC UPS,

DC Rectifiers and Dual-Input LoadsCo-Dependence of AC and DC Loads

Dual AC UPS w/ Distributed Dual DC RectifiersDual AC UPS w/ Distributed Dual DC RectifiersDual AC UPS w/ Distributed Dual DC Rectifiers

AC Loads

ACPowerUtility

BatteryRack

ATS

Other AC Loads Lighting, HVAC

ACPowerUtility

ATS

AC UPS

AC UPS

BatteryRackBack-up

Generator

Back-up Generator

Other AC Loads Lighting, HVAC

DCLoads

Rectifiers

Rectifiers

PDU

PDU

CommercialAC Power

TransferSwitch

EngineGenerator

RectifierN + 1

Battery3 Hours

CommercialAC Power

RectifierN + 1

Battery8 Hours

DC System w/ 8 Hr Battery

W = 3.45 x 10-7

W = 9 x 10-10

CommercialAC Power

TransferSwitch

EngineGenerator

BypassSwitch

Battery10 Min.

W = 3.5 x 10-10

CommercialAC Power

TransferSwitch

EngineGenerator

AC - DC AC - DC

AC UPS Systemw/ 10 Min Battery

AC vs. DC Power AvailabilityAC vs. DC Power AvailabilityAC vs. DC Power Availability

DC System w/ 3 Hr Battery

Ref. “AC, DC or Hybrid Power Solutions for Today’s Telecommunications Facilities”, INTELEC 2000

Both Can Be Made to WorkAnswer Depends on:– Load Requirements

• AC or DC Inputs• Percentage of AC and DC

– Customer Preferences– Economics

Higher Power Applications Favor AC

DC or AC Power for Critical Loads?

AC or DC Power for Higher Efficiency?

AC or DC Power for Higher Efficiency

CommercialAC Power DC

Voltage(s)

CommercialAC Power DC

Voltage(s)

AC UPS AC Load

Rectifier DC Load

Eff. = 0.92 Eff. = 0.85

Overall Efficiency = 0.78

Eff. = 0.89 Eff. = 0.88

Overall Efficiency = 0.78

AC Power

DC Power

Voice Over IP (VoIP)Voice Over IP (VoIP)andandPower Over Ethernet (Power Over Ethernet (PoEPoE))

Converged Networks – The Power ChallengeConverged Networks Converged Networks –– The Power ChallengeThe Power ChallengeEntire Network is Critical

Even short interruption can be damagingSingle point of failure for both Data and VoiceVoice prioritization (911 access, QoS)

Traditional Telecom Service Providers Designed System for High Availability Power to the Telephone

Now power to operate network resides in the facilityPower Demand

PoE introduces -48VDC power into Enterprise NetworkPoE consumption can be up 7 times the power for data only

Switch requires multiple, higher ampacity, 208V, or 3-phase powerAdditional power requirements will drive need for coolingVoIP may require longer battery run timesSpace requirements

Changing Responsibility in Enterprise NetworkChanging Responsibility in Enterprise NetworkChanging Responsibility in Enterprise NetworkTraditional Approach:

Two Separate Networks’ Responsibilities

Voice - Telecom Service ProviderData – Data Processing / IT ManagerInfrastructure – Facility Manager

Converged Network:Single network responsibilityIT Manager

May not have Facility Manager(especially in smaller businesses)

Power to Operate Network is the User’s Responsibility

Wall power–Needs DC converter for connectingIP phone to AC wall outlet

Power over the Ethernet (PoE):–External power (Mid Span)

•Needs external power patch panel•Patch panel delivers -48VDC over pairs 3 and 4

–Inline power•Powered linecards for switches androuters•Uses pairs 1 and 2 (same as Ethernet) for delivering -48VDC

3 Ways to Power VoIP Phones3 Ways to Power VoIP Phones3 Ways to Power VoIP Phones

PoE Switch Power Requirement ExamplePoEPoE Switch Power Requirement ExampleSwitch Power Requirement Example

Typical Office with 196 linesPoE SwitchAll ports PoE Enabled

Power Requirement for the Ethernet SwitchSwitch 800WPoE 196 x 17.3W ~ 3390W (17.3W=15.4W/conversion efficiency)

TOTAL 4190W Over 5X Increase in PowerPoE Significantly Increases the Switch’s Power Requirement

AC Input Power Supplies must process Switch and PoEPower

Some Switches Require an Extra Power Shelf to Generate -48VDC Power for Switch and PoE

DC Input Allows Powering the –48V PoE Directly

AC or DC Powered Switch AC or DC Powered Switch AC or DC Powered Switch AC UPS

AC UPS

DC UPS

AC or DC Powered Ethernet Switch ?AC or DC Powered Ethernet Switch ?AC or DC Powered Ethernet Switch ?

- 48VDCPoE

AC vs. DC Small UPS Efficiency Consideration Normal OperationAC vs. DC Small UPS Efficiency Consideration AC vs. DC Small UPS Efficiency Consideration Normal OperationNormal Operation

DCAC

DCDC

DCDC

DC

DC

DCDC

AC DCAC

DC

DC

DCDC

Directlyto PoE

DCDCDC

DCDC

DCDCAC

DC

DC

Battery

DCDCDCDC

DCDCDC

DCDCDC

DCDC

Battery

Battery

Battery

48VDC

48VDC

120VAC

75- 80% eff92% eff96% eff

91% eff

AC UPS System Efficiency0.96 x 0.92 x 0.8 = 0.70 (70%)

DC UPS System Efficiency - 0.91 (91%)

5VDC12VDC48VDC

5VDC

12VDC

Utility AC

Utility AC

AC UPS

DC UPS

48VDC

DCAC

DCDC

DCDC

DC

DC

DCDC

AC DCAC

DC

DC

DCDC

Directlyto PoE

DCDCDC

DCDC

DCDCAC

DC

DC

Battery

DCDCDCDC

DCDCDC

DCDCDC

DCDC

Battery

Battery

Battery

48VDC

48VDC

120VAC

75- 80% eff92% eff96% eff

91% eff

AC UPS System Efficiency0.92 x 0.8 = 0.74 (74%)

DC UPS System Efficiency – 100%

5VDC12VDC48VDC

5VDC

12VDC

Utility AC

Utility AC

AC vs. DC Small UPS Efficiency Consideration On Battery OperationAC vs. DC Small UPS Efficiency Consideration AC vs. DC Small UPS Efficiency Consideration On Battery OperationOn Battery Operation

48VDC

Facility Planning Considerations for VoIPFacility Planning Considerations for VoIPCriticality to the Business (Voice, Data)Increased Power RequirementEquipment Location (Available Space, Open Room, Closet)Generator on Site?Back up Time Required in Case of Power FailureRequired Reliability / Availability (Redundancy Required)AC, DC or Hybrid Power Solution?Protection for All Levels of the NetworkCooling NeedsMonitoring Ease of ExpansionEase of Maintenance

High Availability High Availability Power SystemsPower Systems

What is “High Availability” ?What is What is ““High AvailabilityHigh Availability”” ??Term widely used in the information technology industry– Increasing need for non-stop computing

– Demand for “uninterruptible” power (7xForever)

Not a standardized “product” or “offering”– Manufacturers are free to use the term at their

discretion

– High Availability is more than just a product or

system configuration

Decision maker must determine the level of availability desired vs. cost to achieve

Industry Tier DefinitionsUptime Institute Industry Tier DefinitionsIndustry Tier DefinitionsUptime Institute Uptime Institute

Tier designations attempt to categorize how high availability data centers are designedUptime Institute does not allow partial Tier Designations

Uptime InstituteTypical Tier AttributesUptime InstituteUptime InstituteTypical Tier AttributesTypical Tier Attributes

Large Data Center Site Availability Failures

– Infrastructure System Failures

• 82% Electrical– Electrical System Failures

• 79% From UPS to Load – 49% Caused By Humans

• 11% UPS and Batteries• 10% Other

UPS

Mod

ule

UPS

Mod

ule

UPS

Mod

ule

Byp

ass

Load

Distribution

Load

PDU PDU

RDC RDC

Uptime Institute Survey of Site DowntimeUptime Institute Uptime Institute Survey of Site DowntimeSurvey of Site Downtime

Power System ConfigurationsPower System ConfigurationsTier 1Tier 1

Service Feed

Surge Suppression

Power Distribution

Precision Cooling

UPS Module

Engine Generator

Load

Load

Single Critical Bus to Loads

Transfer Switch

Power System ConfigurationsPower System ConfigurationsTier 2 Tier 2 –– Redundant ComponentsRedundant Components

Surge Suppression

Power Distribution

Precision Cooling

UPS Module

Engine Generator

Load

Load

UPS Module

Single Critical Bus

to Loads

Service Feed

Engine Generator

Precision Cooling

UPS Bypass

UPS System Control

Power Distribution

Load

Load

Transfer Switch

Power System ConfigurationsPower System ConfigurationsTier 3 Tier 3 –– Dual Distribution Dual Distribution (Concurrent Maintenance)(Concurrent Maintenance)

Service Feed B

Surge Suppression

Power Distribution

Precision Cooling

Load

Surge Suppression

Service Feed A

Precision Cooling

UPS System Cabinet

UPS Module

Power Distribution

Load

Bus A

Bus B

Transfer Switch

Transfer Switch

N+1 Engine Generators

UPS Module

Power System ConfigurationsPower System ConfigurationsTier 4 Tier 4 –– Dual Bus Dual Bus (Two Active Paths)(Two Active Paths)

Service Feed B

Surge Suppression

Power Distribution

Precision Cooling

UPS Module

Load

UPS System Cabinet

Surge Suppression

Service Feed A

Precision Cooling

UPS System Cabinet

UPS Module

Power Distribution

Load

Bus A

Bus B

Engine Generator

Transfer Switch

Transfer Switch

Engine Generator

Power System ConfigurationsDual Bus – Tier 4Power System ConfigurationsPower System ConfigurationsDual Bus Dual Bus –– Tier 4Tier 4

Design Goals7 x 24 x 365 Non-Stop Operation

Uninterrupted System Maintenance

Redundancy in DISTRIBUTION

Redundancy in UPS

– Eliminate Single Points Of Failure

– Maximum Fault Tolerance

– Fully Utilize Dual Input Equipment

– Provide Dual Source Availability To Single Input Equipment

Design Goals7 x 24 x 365 Non-Stop Operation

Uninterrupted System Maintenance

Redundancy in DISTRIBUTION

Redundancy in UPS

– Eliminate Single Points Of Failure

– Maximum Fault Tolerance

– Fully Utilize Dual Input Equipment

– Provide Dual Source Availability To Single Input Equipment

LBSLBSUPS 1UPS 1 UPS 2UPS 2

Utility Source / Generator 2

Utility Source / Generator 1

LoadLoad

PDUPDU PDUPDU

LoadLoad

PDUPDU PDUPDU

Dual Input LoadDual Input Load

STSSTS

STSSTS

PDUPDU

Source 1

SCC

1

SCC

2

MMUMMU MMU MMU

Critical Bus 1 Critical Bus 2

Source 2

System - To - System Transfers Without Bypass

MMU = Multi - Module UnitSCC = System Control Cabinet

• Both Critical Loads Can Be Carried by One System• System Maintainable Without Critical Load on Bypass• Momentary or Continuous Tie Options

PowerTieFacilitating System MaintenancePowerTiePowerTieFacilitating System MaintenanceFacilitating System Maintenance

SUSTAINING High Availability Power Systems

Service– Preventative Maintenance

• Identify POTENTIAL problems• Replace limited life components

before failure• Implement safety and

performance upgrades to products

– Remedial Maintenance• Fast Response Time• Repair Parts Availability

Proper Service Increases Product Reliability And Reduces MTTRINCREASED AVAILABILITY

Service– Preventative Maintenance

• Identify POTENTIAL problems• Replace limited life components

before failure• Implement safety and

performance upgrades to products

– Remedial Maintenance• Fast Response Time• Repair Parts Availability

Proper Service Increases Product Reliability And Reduces MTTRINCREASED AVAILABILITY

Dual Input PDUDual Input PDU

LBSLBSUPS 1UPS 1 UPS 2UPS 2

Utility Source / Generator 2

Utility Source / Generator 1

LoadLoad

STSSTS

LoadLoad

STSSTSPDUPDU PDUPDU

LoadLoad

PDUPDU PDUPDU

Dual Input LoadDual Input Load

ITE Room ITE Room Power DistributionPower Distribution

Optimize space utilization and scale power based on growthFacilitate equipment placement to maximize cool air to hot racksFacilitate equipment change– Many Small Breakers– Fewer Large Breakers

ITE Room Power DistributionITE Room Power DistributionITE Room Power Distribution

Two-Stage Distribution Adds Pole Capacity and Reduces Under Floor CablingTwoTwo--Stage Distribution Adds Pole Capacity Stage Distribution Adds Pole Capacity and Reduces Under Floor Cablingand Reduces Under Floor Cabling

Traditional Single-Stage Distribution

Two-Stage Distribution

126 Poles

Remote Distribution Cabinets168 Poles Each

Power Transformation UnitVoltage TransformationMonitoring Output BreakersLarger Capacities

Power Distribution UnitVoltage Transformation,Monitoring and Branch Circuit Breakers

IT Loads

IT Loads

Blocked Air FlowMore Circuits, Bigger CircuitsLonger CablesMore Difficult to Manage Change

Single Stage Distribution MethodsSingle Stage Distribution Methods

PDU 1B

PDU 1A

AIR AIR

SingleSingle--Stage Power Distribution Stage Power Distribution UnderUnder--floor Congestionfloor Congestion

Heavy Cable Congestion Underfloor

PDU 2B

PDU 2A

PTU B

AIR AIR

RDC RDC RDCRDC

High Density TwoHigh Density Two--Stage Power Distribution Stage Power Distribution

PTU A

PDU to Multiple distribution cabinets– Reduces cross-aisle obstructions– Reduces restrictions to cooling air flow– More conducive to Dual-Bus distribution– Easier to locate, replace, add circuits– More distribution per square foot – More breakers per transformer– Shorter branch circuit lengths

Two StageTwo Stage PPower Distribution Benefitsower Distribution Benefits

High Number of Small Loads (>1 Pole per kVA)

Fewer Larger Loads (<1 Pole per kVA)

ITE Room Power DistributionITE Room Power DistributionITE Room Power Distribution

PDU Racks4 to 8 Poles per Rack15 to 30 Amps Each

UPS System

480V 208/120V 208/120V

Remote Distribution Cabinet4 x 42 Poles

Racks4 to 12 Poles per Rack30 to 100 Amps Each

UPS System

480V

208/120V or 480/277V

PDU4 x 42 Poles

High density loads – Two-Stage Distribution

Extreme Density Loads – Higher Voltage Distribution

High Density DistributionHigh Density DistributionHigh Density Distribution

PDU RacksUPS System

480V 208/120V 208/120V 44 x 6kW Racks24 x 10kW Racks10 x 23kW Racks

Power Distribution Cabinet

RacksUPS System

480V 40 x 13kW Racks22 x 23kW Racks10 x 53kW Racks

400/230V or 480/277V

PDU

Energy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency

IT Perspective of Energy EfficiencyIT Perspective of Energy EfficiencyIT Perspective of Energy Efficiency42% of DCUG survey respondents are currently analyzing their Data Center EfficiencyTop Priority is Delivering on Service Level Agreements

Performance – Adequate Computing CapacityReliability – Meet Availability GoalsSecurity

Does IT Care About Energy Efficiency?Only if it Does Not Impact Performance or ReliabilityInterested in Freeing Up Power and Cooling Capacity

Data Centers Consume >1.5% of all Electricity in the US EPA Energy Star Initiative – Data Collection Stage

Source: DCUG Survey Fall 2007

How Do You Measure Data Center Efficiency?How Do You Measure Data Center Efficiency?How Do You Measure Data Center Efficiency?

EPA Measurement: Facility Input Power / IT Power

Energy EfficiencyEnergy EfficiencyEnergy Efficiency

Perceived the greatest opportunities:

49%

46%

39%

21%

19%

10%

6%

Cooling equipment

Servers (including embedded power supplies)

Power equipment (i.e. UPS, PDU)

Storage

Overall power architecture (DC vs. AC data center)

Communications (i.e. switches, routers, etc.)

Other

Source: DCUG Survey Fall 2007

Air Movement

12%

Electricity Transformer/

UPS10%

Lighting, etc.3%

Cooling25%

IT Equipment50%

Source: EYP Mission Critical Facilities Inc., New York

Data Center Power DrawsData Center Power DrawsData Center Power Draws

Typical Data Center Power ConsumptionTypical Data Center Power ConsumptionTypical Data Center Power Consumption

(Based on 5000 Sq Ft Data Center)(Based on 5000 Sq Ft Data Center)

The Cascade Energy Savings EffectThe Cascade Energy Savings EffectThe Cascade Energy Savings Effect

Potential Energy Saving StrategiesCascade EffectPotential Energy Saving StrategiesPotential Energy Saving StrategiesCascade EffectCascade Effect

IT Hardware Choices

Operational Best Practices

Power & Cooling Product Efficiencies

© 2007 Emerson Network Power

1%

6%

4%

1%

2%8%1%

8%

11%

10%

%

10.

9.

8.

7.

6.5.4.

3.

2.

1.

11%

49Variable Capacity Refrigeration & Airflow

Fixed Capacity CoolingVariable Capacity Cooling

Cooling units work as a team

Floormount plus supplemental cooling

Optimized Cold Aisle & Chilled Water Temp, No Mixing of Hot & Cold Air

415V AC provides 240V single phase

20% Servers Virtualized20% Blades

45% of full load when idle

AC-DC 90% DC-DC 88%

70 W / Processor

Optimized Data Center

No coordination between cooling units

Floormount Cooling only

Hot aisle – Cold aisle

208V ACNo virtualizationAll Rack-mount

Power Consumption: 80% of full load when idle

AC-DC 79% DC-DC 85%

91W / Processor (Average)

Initial Data Center

15Implement cooling best practices

11%

30%

72High Density Supplemental Cooling

124Higher efficiency power supplies

20Power distribution Architecture

7Blade servers

15Monitoring and Optimization

86

86

111

Saving (kW)

Server power management

Low power processor

Server Virtualization

Strategy

1%

6%

4%

1%

2%8%1%

8%

11%

10%

%

10.

9.

8.

7.

6.5.4.

3.

2.

1.

11%

49Variable Capacity Refrigeration & Airflow

Fixed Capacity CoolingVariable Capacity Cooling

Cooling units work as a team

Floormount plus supplemental cooling

Optimized Cold Aisle & Chilled Water Temp, No Mixing of Hot & Cold Air

415V AC provides 240V single phase

20% Servers Virtualized20% Blades

45% of full load when idle

AC-DC 90% DC-DC 88%

70 W / Processor

Optimized Data Center

No coordination between cooling units

Floormount Cooling only

Hot aisle – Cold aisle

208V ACNo virtualizationAll Rack-mount

Power Consumption: 80% of full load when idle

AC-DC 79% DC-DC 85%

91W / Processor (Average)

Initial Data Center

15Implement cooling best practices

11%

30%

72High Density Supplemental Cooling

124Higher efficiency power supplies

20Power distribution Architecture

7Blade servers

15Monitoring and Optimization

86

86

111

Saving (kW)

Server power management

Low power processor

Server Virtualization

Strategy

Total Saving 585 kW 50% +Initial Data Center Load: 1127 kW

Low Power ProcessorsLow Power ProcessorsLow Power Processors

Higher Efficiency Power SuppliesHigher Efficiency Power SuppliesHigher Efficiency Power Supplies

Server VirtualizationServer VirtualizationServer Virtualization

Cooling Best Practices

Blanking PanelsIncreased Door PerforationsMultiple Cable Management Options to fit site needsArrangement of Cabling to Keep from Blocking Air Flow

Optimized Racks Improve Cable Management and Air Flow

Variable Cooling CapacityVariable Cooling CapacityVariable Cooling Capacity

Conventional Hot-Aisle/Cold-Aisle CoolingConventional HotConventional Hot--Aisle/ColdAisle/Cold--Aisle CoolingAisle Cooling

• Applications Generally Limited to Less than 6kW per Rack

High Density Supplemental CoolingHigh Density Supplemental CoolingHigh Density Supplemental Cooling

High Density Supplemental CoolingHigh Density Supplemental CoolingHigh Density Supplemental Cooling

• High Density Applications in Excess of 30kW per Rack• 30% Reduction in Power to Provide the Required Cooling

• Reduces Fan Power by up to 65%

Monitoring and OptimizationMonitoring and OptimizationMonitoring and Optimization

Proactive Alarm Management: Proactive Alarm Management: Collaborating with Other SystemsCollaborating with Other Systems

Critical Power Distribution

Critical Battery Systems

Critical Air Systems

Switchgear and ATS

Critical UPS Systems

Generators

Fuel Tanks

Security

Fire Suppression

Leak Detection

Pumping Systems

Third-Party Equipment

Complete Integration of All Critical Facilities Equipment

Critical Facilities

Monitoring System

Proactive Monitoring to Reduce DowntimeProactive Monitoring to Reduce DowntimeProactive Monitoring to Reduce Downtime

TimeUp Down DownUp

React! Repair React! Repair

Break-Fix, Non-Performance-Based Monitoring

TimeUp Down Up

Planned Repair

Proactive Action Downtime Eliminated

Proactive, Performance-Based MonitoringUp

Proactive Action

Smart Power Strips Monitor In-rack Power and Environmental Conditions

New Monitoring Technologies Are AvailableNew Monitoring Technologies Are AvailableNew Monitoring Technologies Are Available

Branch Circuit Monitoring to monitor each PDU

output circuit

Predictive AnalysisPerformance MonitoringPredictive AnalysisPredictive AnalysisPerformance MonitoringPerformance Monitoring

Battery MonitoringBattery Monitoring

Patented Battery DC Resistance

Measurement

Identify Problems Prior To Failure Point –Locate Weak Cell Among GoodReduce Mean Time To RepairImprove Purchasing Decisions Based On Data

Battery MonitoringGives You Confidence in Your Battery SystemBattery MonitoringBattery MonitoringGives You Confidence in Your Battery SystemGives You Confidence in Your Battery System

Proactive Monitoring Increases AvailabilityProactive Monitoring Increases AvailabilityProactive Monitoring Increases Availability

1 year = 8,765 hours

8,6908,700

8,710

8,720

8,730

8,740

8,750

8,760

Break-FixMonitoring

ProactiveMonitoring

Hours of Uptime Per Year

77% Reduction in Downtime

Example is from a Cellular Telephone Company.The customer invested in very detailed monitoring so that they could:1. Reduce the number of trips to cell sites by going to the site with the

proper equipment and parts2. Get to the site before the system went down by deploying on warnings

and changesBoth were achieved.

Thank YouThank You