--Kristian Wilson, Nintendo Inc. 1989

“Computer games don't effect kids, I mean if Pac-Man had effected us as kids we would all be running around in darkened rooms, munching magic pills, and listening

to repetitive electronic music.”

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Y source: encounter

Ch. 2 The Business Framework

Business Revision

1. The Need for Application Integration

– Intra-business & Inter-business

1. The Application Integration Environment• Evolutionary TQM vs. Revolutionary BPR, Legacy Systems and B2…

2. The Post Internet Boom and .com Bubble Situation– Services offered today, Life Event Model –infrastructure and

complexity bases, deep computing, Internet

2. The Economic Aspect

– BCA(s), CBA(s), VC(s), SWOT & change, BSC employee / innovation – learning and growth – internal business process – customer –financial

1. Funding• Payoffs…

• ROI, Payback period, , IRR, FTE(s), TCO, NPV

NPV Calculation

Year 1 Year 2

Revenue 1000 2000

Expenses 500 1000

NPV = -Initial Investment + Future Net Cash Flows / (1 + required Return) TIME

Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Total

Initial Investment 1100 -1000

Revenue 1000 2000 3000

Expenses 500 1000 1500

Total -1100 500 1000 600

NPV -1100 455 826 181

Initial Outlay = 1100Required Return = 10 %

Payback Period

Year Cash Flow Accumulated

1 200 200

2 400 600

3 600 1200

Initial Outlay = 1000

Payback Period = 2 years + 400 / 600 = 2 2/3 years

Internal Rate of Return

Year Cash Flow

0 -200 (Initial Investment)

1 50

2 100

3 150

0 = -200 + (50 / (1 + IRR) 1) + (100 / (1 + IRR) 2) + (150 / (1 + IRR) n)

Ch. 3 The Technology Issue

Technology Revision

1. Technical Issues1. Requirement and Principles

• modeling UML / UDDI, functional / non functional

2. Business Integration• TQM BPR

3. Presentation Integration– business logic

4. Data Integration5. Control Integration

– Protocols and architecture, RPC / SOAP, HTTP…

6. Connectivity…>>>7. Quality Attributes

• Performance, Dependability…SSL

IBM -The Five Axes of Business Application Integration

• Messages (or messaging)– Synchronous processing, RPC end2end connections

– Asynchronous processing, buffer storage & decoupling…

– Persistent or non-persistent, pub/sub or point2point messaging

– Application brokers

• Transactions (or transaction processing)– Optimistic vs. pessimistic transaction processing

– Explicit (OLTP) vs. Implicit transaction processing

– Short & long running transactions

• Processes (or process management)– Process flow automation

– Work flow automation

• Development (or the creation of application integration)– Parallel development & tools

– Recovery & compensation

• Production (or the operation of what has been developed)– Management & mission critical apps, security, config., depl., d2d ops.

BAI -Schematic Representation I

Application

Application

Application

Application

Application Broker

(HUB)

2n per application connected

Application

Application

Application

Application

2n(n-1) bi-directional

Adapter(API)

Adapter(API) Adapter

(API)Adapter(API)

Adapter(API)

Adapter(API)

BAI -Schematic Representation IIApplication

Application

Application

Application

Application Broker

(HUB)

Application

Application

Application

Application

Application Broker

(HUB)

multi-hub configuration

Application Broker

(HUB)

Model Driven Architecture

MOF meta-object facilityCWM common warehouse meta-model

BAI -Schematic Representation II

SAP

Evolving SAP HR Architecture

• Core Functions

• Strategy

• Analytics

• Enabling Solutions

• Workforce Operations– Organizational Management, Personnel Administration, Time Management, Payroll, Legal & Compliance Reporting

• Workforce Sourcing & Deployment– Talent Relationship Management, Applicant Tracking, Contingent Staffing, Workforce Scheduling

• Workforce Alignment– Personnel Development, Learning, Performance Management, Total Reward Management, Strategic Alignment

• Business Analytics & Planning– Workforce Analytics, Reporting & Benchmarking

• Services– Manager Self-Service, Employee Self-Service, Mobile Business, Knowledge Management

• Employee Transaction Management

• Employee Lifecycle Management

• Employee Relationship Management

• Optimization Tools

Business Workflow I –B2B, B2C

Business Work-flows II –B2E

Business Workflow III, B2E, B2B

Business Solutions

Ch. 4 The Environmental Aspect

P-CMM Levels

P-CMM Process Area Threads

P-CMM Overall Architecture

2n(n-1) bi-directional

Key Practices

Process Areas

Maturity Levels

Common Features

Workforce Capability

Achieving Goals

Implementation Efforts

Activities Performed

Ability to performPractices performedMeasurement and analysisVerification of the implementation

P-CMM IDEAL Model