--Kristian Wilson, Nintendo Inc. 1989
“Computer games don't effect kids, I mean if Pac-Man had effected us as kids we would all be running around in darkened rooms, munching magic pills, and listening
to repetitive electronic music.”
Business Revision
1. The Need for Application Integration
– Intra-business & Inter-business
1. The Application Integration Environment• Evolutionary TQM vs. Revolutionary BPR, Legacy Systems and B2…
2. The Post Internet Boom and .com Bubble Situation– Services offered today, Life Event Model –infrastructure and
complexity bases, deep computing, Internet
2. The Economic Aspect
– BCA(s), CBA(s), VC(s), SWOT & change, BSC employee / innovation – learning and growth – internal business process – customer –financial
1. Funding• Payoffs…
• ROI, Payback period, , IRR, FTE(s), TCO, NPV
NPV Calculation
Year 1 Year 2
Revenue 1000 2000
Expenses 500 1000
NPV = -Initial Investment + Future Net Cash Flows / (1 + required Return) TIME
Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Total
Initial Investment 1100 -1000
Revenue 1000 2000 3000
Expenses 500 1000 1500
Total -1100 500 1000 600
NPV -1100 455 826 181
Initial Outlay = 1100Required Return = 10 %
Payback Period
Year Cash Flow Accumulated
1 200 200
2 400 600
3 600 1200
Initial Outlay = 1000
Payback Period = 2 years + 400 / 600 = 2 2/3 years
Internal Rate of Return
Year Cash Flow
0 -200 (Initial Investment)
1 50
2 100
3 150
0 = -200 + (50 / (1 + IRR) 1) + (100 / (1 + IRR) 2) + (150 / (1 + IRR) n)
Technology Revision
1. Technical Issues1. Requirement and Principles
• modeling UML / UDDI, functional / non functional
2. Business Integration• TQM BPR
3. Presentation Integration– business logic
4. Data Integration5. Control Integration
– Protocols and architecture, RPC / SOAP, HTTP…
6. Connectivity…>>>7. Quality Attributes
• Performance, Dependability…SSL
IBM -The Five Axes of Business Application Integration
• Messages (or messaging)– Synchronous processing, RPC end2end connections
– Asynchronous processing, buffer storage & decoupling…
– Persistent or non-persistent, pub/sub or point2point messaging
– Application brokers
• Transactions (or transaction processing)– Optimistic vs. pessimistic transaction processing
– Explicit (OLTP) vs. Implicit transaction processing
– Short & long running transactions
• Processes (or process management)– Process flow automation
– Work flow automation
• Development (or the creation of application integration)– Parallel development & tools
– Recovery & compensation
• Production (or the operation of what has been developed)– Management & mission critical apps, security, config., depl., d2d ops.
BAI -Schematic Representation I
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application Broker
(HUB)
2n per application connected
Application
Application
Application
Application
2n(n-1) bi-directional
Adapter(API)
Adapter(API) Adapter
(API)Adapter(API)
Adapter(API)
Adapter(API)
BAI -Schematic Representation IIApplication
Application
Application
Application
Application Broker
(HUB)
Application
Application
Application
Application
Application Broker
(HUB)
multi-hub configuration
Application Broker
(HUB)
Evolving SAP HR Architecture
• Core Functions
• Strategy
• Analytics
• Enabling Solutions
• Workforce Operations– Organizational Management, Personnel Administration, Time Management, Payroll, Legal & Compliance Reporting
• Workforce Sourcing & Deployment– Talent Relationship Management, Applicant Tracking, Contingent Staffing, Workforce Scheduling
• Workforce Alignment– Personnel Development, Learning, Performance Management, Total Reward Management, Strategic Alignment
• Business Analytics & Planning– Workforce Analytics, Reporting & Benchmarking
• Services– Manager Self-Service, Employee Self-Service, Mobile Business, Knowledge Management
• Employee Transaction Management
• Employee Lifecycle Management
• Employee Relationship Management
• Optimization Tools
P-CMM Overall Architecture
2n(n-1) bi-directional
Key Practices
Process Areas
Maturity Levels
Common Features
Workforce Capability
Achieving Goals
Implementation Efforts
Activities Performed
Ability to performPractices performedMeasurement and analysisVerification of the implementation
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