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ContentsChapter IntroductionSection 1Early English SettlementsSection 2New England ColoniesSection 3Middle ColoniesSection 4Southern ColoniesChapter SummaryChapter AssessmentClick on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.

Introduction 1Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

Introduction 2Chapter ObjectivesClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Identify the crop that saved the people of Jamestown. Explain how the colonists received political rights.Section 1: Early English Settlements

Introduction 3Chapter ObjectivesClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Explain why the Pilgrims and the Puritans came to America. Describe how the Connecticut, Rhode Island, and the New Hampshire colonies began.Section 2: New England Colonies

Introduction 4Chapter ObjectivesClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Explain why the Middle Colonies had the most diverse populations in colonial America. Identify Americas first town planner.Section 3: Middle Colonies

Introduction 5Chapter ObjectivesClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Understand why the Southern Colonies were established. Compare and contrast Frances colony in North America with the English colonies.Section 4: Southern Colonies

Introduction 7Why It MattersA new culture took root in North America. The values and beliefs of this new culture developed as people from several parts of the world migrated to the continent.

Introduction 8The Impact TodayClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.The colonies influenced values and beliefs many Americans cherish today. For example: Many people still come to the Americas in search of economic opportunity and religious freedom. Representative government remains an important part of the American political system.

Introduction 9

Introduction 10

End of Introduction

Section 1-1Guide to ReadingClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Jamestown became the first successfully established English colony in North America. charter Main IdeaKey Termsjoint-stock company burgesses

Section 1-2Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to Reading (cont.)Organizing Information As you read Section 1, re-create the diagram shown on page 70 of your textbook and describe the economy and government of Jamestown. what crops saved the people of Jamestown. Reading StrategyRead to Learnhow the colonists received political rights.

Section 1-3Guide to Reading (cont.)Economic Factors Many settlers journeyed to America with the hope of making a fortune.Section Theme

Section 1-4Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

Section 1-5Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.England in America The English defeat of the Spanish Armada ended Spanish control of the seas. (pages 7071)England and other European nations could begin colonies in North America because it was now safe to sail the waters. In 1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed Newfoundland for Queen Elizabeth.

Section 1-5aClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Sir Walter Raleigh sent about 100 men to settle on Roanoke Island off the coast of present-day North Carolina in 1585. (pages 7071)After the difficult winter there, the colonists returned to England. England in America (cont.)

Section 1-6England in America (cont.) A second group of settlers came in 1587. (pages 7071)This group of Roanoke colonists deserted the island and disappeared. No clues to their fate were left except the word Croatoan carved on a gatepost.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 1-7Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why do you think Roanoke Island was so difficult to settle?Possible answer: Weather conditions were probably hard for living and for growing crops. So the settlers were not able to get the food and supplies they needed to survive.England in America (cont.) (pages 7071)

Section 1-8Jamestown Settlement In April 1607, settlers sent by the Virginia Company in London entered Chesapeake Bay and founded Jamestown. (pages 7173)They faced many hardships. For example, they found no gold nor did they establish the fish or fur trading expected of them by the Virginia Company investors. The number of colonists dwindled.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 1-9Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Captain John Smith arrived in 1608 to govern the colonists. The Virginia Company installed yet another leader to govern them after Smith. A harsh winter and more trouble continued to plague the colonists.Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-9Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.When the colonists discovered how to grow tobacco, the colony began to prosper. Relations with the Native Americans living nearby also improved when one of the colonists, John Rolfe, married Pocahontas, the daughter of Chief Powhatan.Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-10Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.The Virginia Company allowed a representative government in which ten towns in the colony each sent two representatives, or burgesses, to an assembly. The assembly made local laws. The House of Burgesses met for the first time on July 30, 1619. In 1619 ninety women were sent to Jamestown so that families could form and the population could increase. Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-11Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.In 1619 twenty Africans came to Jamestown. They were sold to Virginia planters to work in the tobacco fields. They may have come as servants, not as slaves.Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-11Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Until 1640 some Africans were free and some owned property. In the years that followed, however, Africans came as enslaved passengers or were sold as slaves upon arrival. Slavery became legal in the 1660s.Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-12Because of the financial problems the Virginia Company faced, King James of England canceled its charter and made Jamestown Englands first royal colony in America.Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-13Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why do you think slavery in Virginia was made legal in the 1660s?Possible answer: The lawmakers felt slavery was not bad. Slavery provided workers for the plantations that grew crops, which made money for the colony.Jamestown Settlement (cont.) (pages 7173)

Section 1-14Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.Checking for Understanding__ 1.elected representatives to an assembly__ 2.a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area__ 3.a company in which investors buy stock in the company in return for a share of its future profitsA.charterB.burgessesC.joint-stock companyDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.B A C

Section 1-15Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts Why did the Virginia Company establish settlements in North America?Possible answer: Originally they wanted to search for gold and trade in fish and furs.

Section 1-16Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing ThemesEconomic Factors What economic activity helped save the Jamestown settlement?Growing tobacco helped save the Jamestown settlement.

Section 1-17Critical ThinkingMaking Inferences Why do you think the king of England was willing to let a group of merchants try to establish a colony in North America?The king wanted both the political power of ruling overseas colonies and economic rewards, without risking his nations resources on the venture.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 1-18Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Study the map on page 72 of your textbook. What percentage of settlers in Plymouth were children?Thirty percent of settlers in Plymouth were children.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 1-19Geography Create a poster that might have attracted early colonists to the area where you live. Focus on the location as well as natural features in your area such as good farmland, forests, waterways, and mineral resources.

End of Section 1

Section 2-1Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to ReadingSettlers begin to form the New England Colonies. dissent Main IdeaKey Termspersecute Puritan Separatist Pilgrim Mayflower Compact toleration

Section 2-2Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to Reading (cont.)Classifying Information As you read Section 2, re-create the diagram shown on page 76 of your textbook and explain why different colonies in New England were settled. why the Pilgrims and the Puritans came to America. Reading StrategyRead to Learnhow the Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire colonies began.

Section 2-3Guide to Reading (cont.)Civic Rights and Responsibilities Puritan and Pilgrim colonists settled in America in search of religious freedom.Section Theme

Section 2-4Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

Section 2-5Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Religious Freedom There were two groups of Protestants in England. (pages 7678)Those who wanted to reform the Anglican Church were Puritans. Those who wanted to leave and set up their own church were Separatists.

Section 2-5Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Some Separatists fled to the Netherlands for religious freedom. (pages 7678)Some of these Separatists were given a guarantee by the Virginia Company to be able to practice their religion freely if they settled in Virginia. In return they had to share their profits with the Virginia Company. These people called themselves Pilgrims.Religious Freedom (cont.)

Section 2-6The Mayflower carried Pilgrims to settle the Virginia colony. Religious Freedom (cont.) (pages 7678)They landed north, however, at Plymouth, Massachusetts, due to the oncoming winter. Plymouth was not part of the Virginia Company territory and its laws did not apply. So the Pilgrims drew up the Mayflower Compact to provide laws to live by. It was the beginning of a representative government in America.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 2-7The Pilgrims received help from the Native Americans in learning to plant crops and in hunting and fishing. Religious Freedom (cont.) (pages 7678)Without them the Pilgrims may not have survived.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 2-8Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.How do you think the Pilgrims lives in America compared to their lives in England?Possible answer: In America Pilgrims gained religious freedom, established a new government, and learned to adapt to a new environment. In England Pilgrims lived under religious persecution, established laws, and difficult economic conditions.Religious Freedom (cont.) (pages 7678)

Section 2-9Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.New Settlements More hard times beset the Puritans in England. (pages 7880)In 1629 a group received a royal charter and formed the Massachusetts Bay Colony located north of Plymouth. The group settled in Boston with John Winthrop as their governor.

Section 2-9During the Great Migration in the 1630s, more than 15,000 Puritans came to Massachusetts to escape religious persecution and economic difficulties in England.(pages 7880)New Settlements (cont.)

Section 2-10An elected group called the General Court ran the colony. New Settlements (cont.) (pages 7880)The Massachusetts Bay Colony created a colonial legislature when settlers wanted a larger role in government. All adult male church members who also owned property could vote for their representatives to the General Court.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 2-11Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Although the Puritans left England for religious freedom in America, they criticized, or persecuted, people who held religious beliefs other than theirs. This led to the formation of new colonies in America. Colonists began to settle along the fertile Connecticut River valley in the 1630s.New Settlements (cont.) (pages 7880)

Section 2-12Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.In 1636 Thomas Hooker founded Hartford. Three years later, Hartford and two neighboring towns adopted the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. This was the first written constitution in America.New Settlements (cont.) (pages 7880)

Section 2-13Roger Williams, a minister, established Rhode Island, where religious toleration existed. New Settlements (cont.) (pages 7880)People of all faiths could worship as they pleased. In 1638 John Wheelwright founded the colony of New Hampshire. It became independent of Massachusetts in 1679.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 2-14Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why were the Puritans so intolerant of religious views other than their own?Possible answer: Once in North America, they expected everyone to think and believe as they did and did not want to deal with differing views.New Settlements (cont.) (pages 7880)

Section 2-15Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.Checking for Understanding__ 1.the acceptance of different beliefs__ 2.to treat someone harshly because of that persons beliefs or practices__ 3.Protestants who, during the 1600s, wanted to reform the Anglican Church__ 4.disagreement with or opposition to an opinion__ 5.Separatists who journeyed to the colonies during the 1600s for a religious purposeA.dissentB.persecuteC.PilgrimsD.PuritansE.tolerationDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.E B D A C

Section 2-16Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts Identify the reasons why the Separatists left Europe for the Americas.The Separatists had difficulty finding work in the Netherlands, and they were concerned that their children would not follow the English way of life.

Section 2-17Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing ThemesCivic Rights and Responsibilities What freedom did Rhode Island offer that other colonies did not?Rhode Island offered religious freedom.

Section 2-18Critical ThinkingComparing What did the Mayflower Compact and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut have in common?Both documents provided for the organization of a government.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 2-19Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Study the map on page 77 of your textbook. What products came from New Hampshire?Furs, rum, and lumber came from New Hampshire.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 2-20Music Create a song that the Pilgrims might have sung as they crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower. Create the lyrics for the song by using what you have learned about why the Pilgrims sailed to New England. Teach your song to your class.

End of Section 2

Section 3-1Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to ReadingPeople from many different countries settled in the Middle Colonies for a variety of reasons, including religious freedom. patroon Main IdeaKey Termsproprietary colony pacifist

Section 3-2Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to Reading (cont.)Classifying Information As you read this section, re-create the diagram shown on page 82 of your textbook and describe how the Middle Colonies were founded. why the Middle Colonies had the most diverse populations in colonial America. Reading StrategyRead to Learnwho was Americas first town planner.

Section 3-3Guide to Reading (cont.)Individual Action Leaders such as Peter Stuyvesant and William Penn helped the Middle Colonies grow.Section Theme

Section 3-4Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

Section 3-5Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.England and the Colonies In 1660 England had two groups of colonies: (pages 8284)England wanted to gain control of the Dutch-controlled land in between these two groups of colonies because of its harbor and river trade.The New England colonies were run by private corporations under a royal charter. They were Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. The royal colonies were run by England. They were Maryland and Virginia.

Section 3-6The Dutch colony was New Netherland. England and the Colonies (cont.) (pages 8284)Its main settlement of New Amsterdam on Manhattan Island was a center of shipping to and from the Americas. The Dutch West India Company gave new settlers who brought at least 50 settlers with them a large estate. These landowners gained riverfront estates and ruled like kings. They were called patroons. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 3-7Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.In 1644 the English sent a fleet to attack New Amsterdam. The governor of New Amsterdam, Peter Stuyvesant, was unprepared for a battle, so he surrendered the colony.England and the Colonies (cont.) (pages 8284)

Section 3-8Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.The Duke of York gained control of the colony and named it New York. He promised the colonists freedom of religion and allowed them to hold on to their land. The population of New York grew to about 8,000 in 1664. New Amsterdam, now called New York City, became one of the fastest-growing locations in the colony.England and the Colonies (cont.) (pages 8284)

Section 3-8The southern part of New York between the Hudson and the Delaware Rivers became New Jersey. England and the Colonies (cont.) (pages 8284)Its inhabitants were diverse in ethnicity and religion, like those from New York. Without a major port or city, however, it did not make the money the landowners expected. By 1702 New Jersey became a royal colony, yet it continued to make local laws.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 3-9Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.How did owning a large estate play such an important role in the settlement of New York?People were encouraged to come to the colony with a large group of people to become landowners. In turn, owning land gave them wealth, power, and prestige.England and the Colonies (cont.) (pages 8284)

Section 3-10Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Pennsylvania William Penn received a large tract of land in America from the king as a repayment of a debt. The colony was Pennsylvania. (page 84)Penn, a Quaker, saw Pennsylvania as a chance to put the Quaker ideas of tolerance and equality into practice. He designed the city of Philadelphia and wrote the first constitution.

Section 3-11Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.To encourage settlers to Pennsylvania, he advertised the colony throughout Europe in several languages. By 1683 more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch, and German people settled there.Pennsylvania (cont.) (page 84)

Section 3-11In 1701 Penn granted the colonists the right to elect representatives to a legislative assembly. Pennsylvania (cont.) (page 84)In 1704 Three Lower Counties formed their own legislature and became the colony of Delaware. The counties functioned as a separate colony known as Delaware, and were supervised by Pennsylvanias governor.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 3-13Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why was religious toleration and equality important to the settlers of Pennsylvania?They were Quakers and believed in these ideals.Pennsylvania (cont.) (page 84)

Section 3-14Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.Checking for Understanding__ 1.landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of land__ 2.person opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputes__ 3.colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was grantedA.patroonB.proprietary colonyC.pacifistDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.A C B

Section 3-15Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts What did the Charter of Liberties grant to Pennsylvania colonists?It gave them the right to elect representatives to the legislative assembly.

Section 3-16Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing ThemesIndividual Action How did William Penn earn the respect of Native Americans?He honored their claim to the land and believed settlers should pay for it.

Section 3-17Critical ThinkingCompare and Contrast How was the Quaker religion different from that of the Puritans?Quakers had no formal church services or church officials, were tolerant of other religions, believed all people were equal, and were pacifists.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 3-18Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Review the map on page 83 of your textbook. What is the title of the map? What items are shown in the key? What products were important to Pennsylvania?The title of the map is the Middle Colonies. Grain, cattle, fish, lumber, rum, and iron are shown in the key. Pennsylvanias important products were grain, cattle, lumber, rum, and iron.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 3-19Art Design a flag for one of the Middle Colonies. Decide what symbols and colors would be appropriate to represent that colony. Display your flags in class.

End of Section 3

Section 4-1Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to ReadingThe Southern Colonies relied on cash crops to survive, while the French and Spanish tried to establish their own settlements. indentured servant Main IdeaKey Termsconstitution debtor tenant farmer mission

Section 4-2Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Guide to Reading (cont.)Classifying Information As you read this section, re-create the diagram shown on page 86 of your textbook and identify the main crops of three of the Southern Colonies. how the Southern Colonies were established. Reading StrategyRead to Learnhow French and Spanish colonies differed from the English colonies.

Section 4-3Guide to Reading (cont.)Groups and Institutions Spanish and French settlements developed in different ways from English settlements.Section Theme

Section 4-4Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.Slave drum, Virginia

Section 4-5Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Coming to America The colonies needed people to grow and prosper. (pages 8688)criminals or prisoners of war from England and Scotland and could earn their release if they worked for a period of time (seven years). seized and brought as slaves from Africa. indentured servants who worked without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for their passage.Settlers came voluntarily. Others came because they were:

Section 4-6Maryland became a proprietary colony in 1632. Coming to America (cont.) (pages 8688)King Charles I gave Sir George Calvert, called Lord Baltimore, a colony north of Virginia. Lord Baltimore wanted to establish a safe place for Catholics, and he also hoped that the colony would make him rich.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-7Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Maryland tobacco farmers also produced wheat, fruit, vegetables, and livestock so that they would not be dependent upon one cash crop. Wealthy landowners became powerful. As plantations grew in number, indentured servants and enslaved Africans were used to work the plantations.Coming to America (cont.) (pages 8688)

Section 4-8Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Baltimore became the largest settlement, founded in 1729. Because the boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania was disputed, the British astronomers Mason and Dixon were hired to resolve the issue and establish a boundary. Coming to America (cont.) (pages 8688)

Section 4-8Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.A conflict between Catholics and Protestants, who outnumbered them, resulted in the passage of the Act of Toleration in 1649. It stated that both groups had the right to worship freely. In 1692, the Protestant-controlled assembly made the Anglican Church the official Church in Maryland, and imposed the same restrictions on Catholics that existed in England.Coming to America (cont.) (pages 8688)

Section 4-9Think about what life was like as a wealthy plantation owner, as an indentured servant, or as an enslaved African. Describe what you would have liked or disliked about belonging to one of these groups.Coming to America (cont.) (pages 8688)

Section 4-10Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Virginia Expands As Virginia grew, settlers moved inland to open up the backcountry. (pages 8889)Native Americans lived on these lands. The governor, Sir William Berkeley, worked out an arrangement in 1644 that kept settlers from moving farther into Native American land. The settlers received a large piece of land, and conflicts were diminished.

Section 4-11Many Virginia westerners resented Berkeleys pledge to the Native Americans and settled in the lands anyway. Virginia Expands (cont.) (pages 8889)As a result, Native Americans raided these settlements.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-11Nathaniel Bacon opposed colonial government because it was made of easterners. Virginia Expands (cont.) (pages 8889)He led attacks on Native American villages, set fire to the capital, marched into Jamestown, and drove Berkeley into exile. England summoned Berkeley and sent troops to restore order. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-12Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why did Native Americans sign a treaty with the colonial government in 1677 to open up more land?They were probably not given any choice and there was still land for them to live on. Perhaps they hoped all people could live together peacefully, so they gave up a piece of their land under the terms of the treaty.Virginia Expands (cont.) (pages 8889)

Section 4-13Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Settling the Carolinas King Charles II founded the colony of Carolina. The proprietors took large estates for themselves and hoped to sell and rent land to new settlers. (pages 8990)In 1670 English settlers arrived, and by 1680 they founded Charleston. The English philosopher John Locke wrote their constitution.

Section 4-14Northern Carolina was settled by small farmers. Settling the Carolinas (cont.) (pages 8990)Because this northern region did not have a good harbor, settlers relied on Virginias ports. Southern Carolina was more prosperous due to the fertile farmland and its harbor city, Charles Town. Rice became the leading crop, and indigo, a blue flowering plant, became the blue gold of Carolina.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-15Most of the settlers of southern Carolina came from the English colony of Barbados in the West Indies. Settling the Carolinas (cont.) (pages 8990)They brought with them enslaved Africans to work in the rice fields. Because so much labor was needed to grow rice, the demand for slaves increased. By 1708 more than half of southern Carolinas new settlers were enslaved Africans.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-15Carolinas settlers were angry at the proprietors. They wanted a greater role in the colonys government. Settling the Carolinas (cont.) (pages 8990)In 1719 the settlers in southern Carolina seized control from its proprietors. Carolina was formally divided into two coloniesNorth Carolina and South Carolinain 1729. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-17Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why did many of the settlers to southern Carolina come from the West Indian island of Barbados?Barbados was an English colony. Enslaved Africans were brought there as part of the Columbian Exchange. These enslaved Africans had worked on large sugar plantations in Barbados. Their experience would be helpful as they worked on the plantations of southern Carolina, which ultimately helped the economy of the colony grow. Because they were enslaved people, they had no freedom to choose where they were to live.Settling the Carolinas (cont.) (pages 8990)

Section 4-18Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Georgia James Oglethorpe founded the colony of Georgia in 1733. (pages 9092)as a place where British debtors and poor people could make a fresh start as a military barrier to protect the other British colonies from Spain due to its location between Spanish Florida and South CarolinaIt was the last British colony to be founded in the Americas. Great Britain created Georgia for several reasons:

Section 4-19Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Georgia did receive poor people but few debtors. Religious refugees also settled there. The town of Savannah was created in 1733.Georgia (cont.) (pages 9092)

Section 4-19Oglethorpe banned slavery, Catholics, and rum in the colony and limited the size of farms. Georgia (cont.) (pages 9092)As settlers came, they objected to the laws, so he lifted all the bans except on slavery. In 1751, he turned the colony back to the king.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-20Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Because Georgia was the last colony to be settled by the British, did it suffer in any way or was it as stable or organized as the other colonies?Possible answer: Georgia probably was at a disadvantage because of Oglethorpes laws and the settlers objections. Remember the colony eventually became a royal colony. On the other hand, it had the experience from other colonies to draw on.Georgia (cont.) (pages 9092)

Section 4-21Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.The French settlement in the Americas grew slowly. New France(page 92)The French were interested mainly in the fishing and fur trade at first. Their settlement called New France became a royal colony in 1663.

Section 4-22They had settlements in two regions: New France (cont.) (page 92)North in Quebec and along the St. Lawrence River. They consisted mostly of forts, trading posts, and later large estates. South along the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. La Salle claimed the region called Louisiana for France. In 1718 the port city of New Orleans was founded.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-23The French, years later, did send explorers, traders, and missionaries farther west to the Rocky Mountains and southwest to the Rio Grande.New France (cont.) (page 92)

Section 4-23The French respected the ways of the Native Americans, so they had better relations with them than did other Europeans. New France (cont.) (page 92)The fur trappers traveled far into Native American territory, so they needed to learn to live among the Native Americans. These trappers did not push the Native Americans off their land. The missionaries did not try to change their customs.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-24Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Why were the French less interested than the British in colonizing the Americas?They wanted the money gained from fishing and fur trading because it was profitable. They were not looking to set up colonies abroad because that took time, money, and responsibility. They were not in a race for land across the ocean.New France (cont.) (page 92)

Section 4-25Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Spain had a large empire in Mexico, the Caribbean, Central America, and South America called New Spain. New Spain(pages 9293)present-day New Mexico, where Santa Fe was founded in late 1609 or early 1610 Arizona in the late 1600s the region that is now Texas in the early 1700s, establishing San Antonio and other military posts CaliforniaTo keep control and protect its claims, Spain sent soldiers, missionaries, and settlers north of this region into:

Section 4-26Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.In California Spanish priests built missions to convert people to Catholicism. In 1769 Junpero Serra founded a mission at San Diego. Many more missions that eventually became large cities were established along El Camino Real.New Spain (cont.) (pages 9293)

Section 4-26Rivalries in Europe between Great Britain and Spain often resulted in fighting between the British and Spanish colonies in America. New Spain (cont.) (pages 9293)Wars between the British and French in Europe also greatly affected their lands in the Americas.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 4-27Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Do you think the Spanish were any kinder to the Native Americans than the British were?Possible answer: Perhaps they were not, but they did not try to usurp their land immediately. They did take the Native Americans as laborers, but did not make them slaves.New Spain (cont.) (pages 9293)

Section 4-28Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.Checking for Understanding__ 1.laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America__ 2.farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent either in cash or crops__ 3.religious settlement__ 4.person or country that owes money__ 5.a formal plan of governmentA.indentured servantB.constitutionC.debtorD.tenant farmerE.missionDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.A D EC B

Section 4-29Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Checking for UnderstandingReviewing Facts Explain why French settlement in North America was slower than in the English colonies.The French concentrated on fishing and trading furs, not settlement.

Section 4-30Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing ThemesGroups and Institutions What role did Margaret Brent play in the government and economy of Maryland?Brent was a political adviser and landowner in Maryland.

Section 4-31Critical ThinkingAnalyzing Information Do you think uprisings such as Bacons Rebellion were a sign of more unrest to come? Explain your answer.Possible answer: A desire for land and representative government would be likely to continue to cause unrest.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 4-32Analyzing VisualsGeography Skills Review the map on page 87 of your textbook. Which of the Southern Colonies included the city of Norfolk? What were the main products in Georgia? What was the major city in South Carolina?The city of Norfolk is in Virginia. The main products of Georgia were rice and indigo. The major city in South Carolina was Charles Town.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Section 4-33Art Work with a group to create a bulletin board display titled The Southern Colonies. Include slogans and pictures to show the colonies origins, climate, natural resources, and products.

End of Section 4

Chapter Summary 1

Chapter Summary 2

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Chapter Assessment 1Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.Checking for Understanding__ 1.colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was granted__ 2.a company in which investors buy stock in the company in return for a share of its future profits__ 3.Separatists who journeyed to the colonies during the 1600s for a religious purpose__ 4.to treat someone harshly because of that persons beliefs or practicesA.charterB.joint-stock companyC.dissentD.persecuteE.patroonF.proprietary colonyG.indentured servantH.debtorI.PilgrimsJ.Mayflower CompactDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.F B I D

Chapter Assessment 2Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.__ 5.a formal document, written in 1620, that provided law and order to the Plymouth colony__ 6.a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area__ 7.disagreement with or opposition to an opinion__ 8.person or country that owes money__ 9.landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of landJ A C H EA.charterB.joint-stock companyC.dissentD.persecuteE.patroonF.proprietary colonyG.indentured servantH.debtorI.PilgrimsJ.Mayflower Compact

Chapter Assessment 3Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Checking for UnderstandingDefine Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left.__ 10.laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to AmericaGA.charterB.joint-stock companyC.dissentD.persecuteE.patroonF.proprietary colonyG.indentured servantH.debtorI.PilgrimsJ.Mayflower Compact

Chapter Assessment 4Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing Key FactsWhy did settlers choose a peninsula on which to build Jamestown?A peninsula would be easy to defend from attack.

Chapter Assessment 5Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing Key FactsHow did the Native Americans help the Pilgrims?Native Americans showed the Pilgrims how to grow corn, beans, and pumpkins, and where to hunt and fish.

Chapter Assessment 6Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing Key FactsWhy was there a high demand for slave labor in the Carolinas?Labor-intensive crops were grown in the Carolinas.

Chapter Assessment 7Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing Key FactsDescribe the relationship between the French and the Native Americans.The French respected Native Americans. They did not take their lands, but lived and traded with them.

Chapter Assessment 8Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Reviewing Key FactsWhy did Spain send missionaries to the Pacific coast and the Southwest?Spain sent missionaries to convert Native Americans to Christianity and to claim land for Spain.

Chapter Assessment 9Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Critical ThinkingComparing How did the economic activities of the French differ from those of the English in North America?The French were mostly fishers, trappers, and traders. In addition to those activities, the English grew a variety of crops, raised animals, mined, harvested lumber, and built large settlements that gave rise to trade and industries.

Chapter Assessment 10Critical ThinkingAnalyzing Themes: Civic Rights and Responsibilities What role did religious freedom play in the founding of Rhode Island and Pennsylvania?Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams after Puritans banished him from Massachusetts for his belief that government should be separate from religion. Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn to provide a haven for those who were persecuted in England.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Chapter Assessment 11Geography and History ActivityStudy the map below and answer the questions on the following slides.

Chapter Assessment 12Geography and History ActivityMassachusetts and Virginia had the largest areas of settlement.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Location Which colonies had the largest areas of settlement before 1660?

Chapter Assessment 13Geography and History ActivityBoston was settled before 1660.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Place During what time period was Boston settled?

Chapter Assessment 14Directions: Choose the best answer to the following question.Test-Taking Tip As you read the stem of each multiple-choice question, try to anticipate the answer before you look at the choices. If your answer is one of the choices, it is probably correct.Which colony was founded to put Quaker ideas into practice?APlymouthBVirginiaCGeorgiaDPennsylvaniaClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.Standardized Test Practice

Chapter Assessment 15How did the lack of religious toleration create new settlements?Thomas Hooker and Roger Williams founded Connecticut and Rhode Island as a result of the lack of toleration of religious beliefs.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

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History OnlineExplore online information about the topics introduced in this chapter.Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to The American Republic to 1877 Web site. At this site, you will find interactive activities, current events information, and Web sites correlated with the chapters and units in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to http://tarvol1.glencoe.com

Curriculum Connection 4Geography The coast of North Carolina is protected by long, narrow barrier islands. As one observer remarked, The coast of North Carolina looks as if it was just coming unglued, with strips of land floating out to sea. These sandy islands shift and change when storms batter the coast. As a result, some of the bridges and roads built over the years have been rendered useless.

Did You Know 4Colonial CommerceGoodsClick on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide.

Did You Know 4aMuch colonial commerce took place without currency. Traders often relied on barter or money substitutes such as beaver skins.

Did You Know 4bIn 1770 about 62,000 tons of goods passed through South Carolinas harbors. Today Charleston alone handles about 9 million tons of goods yearly.

WWWW? 4James Oglethorpe In 1734 James Oglethorpe returned to England with a group of Creek, among them his friend Chief Tomo-Chi-Chi. The Creek, who were formally received by the king and the Archbishop of Canterbury, created a huge sensation in London. Crowds followed them everywhere, even rioting in an attempt to catch a glimpse of the party. On their return, the group praised England so highly that both the Creek and the Cherokee made pacts of friendship with the Georgia colony.

SkillBuilder 1Reading a Bar GraphWhy Learn This Skill?A bar graph presents numerical information in a visual way. Bars of various lengths stand for different quantities. A bar graph lets you see a lot of information in an organized way. Bars may be drawn verticallyup and downor horizontallyleft to right. Labels along the left axis and the bottom axis explain what the bars represent.This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

SkillBuilder 2This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.Learning the SkillTo read a bar graph: Read the title to learn the subject of the graph. Look at the horizontal and vertical axes to find out what information the graph presents. Compare the lengths of the bars on the graph.Reading a Bar Graph

SkillBuilder 3Practicing the SkillStudy the bar graph on the right and answer the following questions.This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Reading a Bar Graph

SkillBuilder 4Practicing the SkillThis feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.1.Which colony had the largest total population in 1700? The smallest?Virginia had the largest total population in 1700. Pennsylvania had the smallest.2.Did Virginia or Maryland have a larger African American population?Virginia had a larger African American population than Maryland.Reading a Bar Graph

Video 1The Lost ColonyAfter viewing The Lost Colony, you should: Know that Roanoke was intended to be the first English colony in the New World. Empathize with the distress of the inhabitants of Roanoke Island about the possibility that supply ships from England might not return. Understand that Queen Elizabeths decision about whether to send ships to Roanoke was linked with her fear of weakening England during the coming battle with Spain.ObjectivesClick the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Click in the window above to view a preview of The American Republic to 1877 video.

Video 2Discussion QuestionWhy were 117 people sent from England to present-day Roanoke Island, North Carolina?The Lost ColonyThey planned to establish the first English colony in the New World.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Video 3Discussion QuestionDuring her discussion with Walter Raleigh and John White, Queen Elizabeth received a message. What did it say? How did it affect her answer to Whites request?The Lost ColonyThe message said the Spanish Armada was set to sail against the English fleet. That meant that all supplies would need to be dedicated to the effort to defeat Spain.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Maps and Charts 1

Maps and Charts 2

Maps and Charts 3

Maps and Charts 4a

Maps and Charts 4b

Why It Matters Transparency

Daily Focus Skills 1Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.No one knows for sure, but lack of food, severe weather, or disease may have destroyed the colony.

Daily Focus Skills 2Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Daily Focus Skills 3Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

Daily Focus Skills 4Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

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