Sustainable water management in the city opportunities and solutions for the anthropic environmental impacts reduction and urban resilience increase

Dr. Fabio Masi. PhD

R&D Manager IRIDRA – IWA SG Wetland Systems for WPC Chair

Urbanization is growing worldwide

Urban Water Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”

1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

Urban Water Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”

1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

Urban sprawl negative impacts

• Nutrients concentrations increase

• Sediments and turbidity increase

• Light penetration reduction - reduced photosintesis and decreased water habitat

• Increase of contaminants and toxic agents (i.e. HMs e POPs)

• Impact over groundwater

• Variation of the inlet hydrograms in the water body

• Increased flow, volumes and flooding risk

• Loss of riparian zones in the river bed

• Increased side-stream erosion

• Loss of biodiversity

6

URBAN STORMWATER MANAGEMENT: A TOO MUCH RIGID APPROACH

Climate change impacts

Urban Water Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”

1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

Urban Water Integrated Cycle

Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”

1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.

What if all the money for the underground infrastructures could be invested at

surface level for improving ecosystem services?

Sustainable Urban Drainage (SUDS - Sustainable urban drainage systems)

15

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE

•WATER QUALITY INCREASE; •LOWER FLOODING RISK; •INTEGRATED DESIGN OF URBAN GREEN; •SAVING IN NETWORKS CAPEX AND OPEX

S

UD

S

SUDS Benefits

• Mitigation and adaptation to the climate change challenges

• Resilience to future changes

• Increased biodiversity

• Infrastructures renewal

• Possibility of reuse of water in arid countries

• Aesthetic improvements and more liveable cities

SUDS Techniques

• Green Roofs

SUDS Techniques

• Green Roofs

• Permeable paving

SUDS Techniques

• Green Roofs

• Permeable paving

• Filtering Trenches

SUDS Techniques

• Green Roofs

• Permeable paving

• Filtering Trenches

• Vegetated retention areas / rain-gardens

SUDS Techniques

• Green Roofs

• Permeable paving

• Filtering Trenches

• Vegetated retention areas / rain-gardens

• Ponds / extended retention basins

SUDS Scale of intervention

• Urban

SUDS Scale of intervention

• Urban

• Peri-urban

SUDS Scale of intervention

• Urban

• Peri-urban

• Extra-urban

SUDS typologies

• Before-pipe

Ingresso acque meteoriche

Vegetazione

Zona di ristagno

Terreno vegetale

Medium di riempimento

Drenaggio (se non si infiltra)

Infiltrazione

Vegetated retention strip

Rainwater pools

SUDS typologies

• Before-pipe

• End-of-pipe (CSO)

Ingresso acque meteoriche

Vegetazione

Zona di ristagno

Terreno vegetale

Medium di riempimento

Drenaggio (se non si infiltra)

Infiltrazione

Vegetated retention strip

Rainwater pool

CSO-CW

SUDS before-pipe

Postdamer Platz – BERLIN (GERMANY)

SUDS before-pipe

Postdamer Platz BERLIN – Storage/buffer basin

SUDS before-pipe

Kronsberg HANNOVER Ecovillage

Lake

Wetland System

Wetland System Rain Garden Bioretention System

Bioretention System

Vegetated Swale

SUDS in urban area

Kronsberg HANNOVER

“pond”

Trenches and channels

“rigolen”

SUDS before-pipe

Kronsberg HANNOVER – Filtering Trench

SUDS before-pipe

Kronsberg HANNOVER – Filtering Trench

SUDS before-pipe

Kronsberg HANNOVER – Ponds

SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff

VILLESE-GORIZIA

60 treatment wetlands in 17 km of highway

• off-line treatment

• on-line treatment

SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff

VILLESE-GORIZIA – Off-line treatment

SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff

VILLESE-GORIZIA – On-line treatment

• Sand and oil/greases traps

• Second flush overflow device

• Extended vegetated filtration system

-0.50

-1.40 m

DISPOSITIVO SCOLMATORE DISSABBIATORE/DISOLEATOREVASCA DI FILTRAZIONE

AL SISTEMA POND+ARV

STAGNO

0.00

SUDS end-of-pipe

CSO onsite treatment

(CSO – combined sewer overflow)

Fognatura Mista

Tubazione dello Scolmatore

Scarico dello scolmatore

Corpo idrico

Strada

Bacino di

Captazione

All’impianto di

depurazione

Scolmatore

(CSO)

Simulation of a CSO event

Agglomerato

Urbano

SUDS end-of-pipe

GORLA MAGGIORE (Province of

Milan – Italy) Population equivalent 2000

Drained surface 56 ha

1° flush of rain volume 989 m3

max flow 1° flush (l/s) 640

Total system area 7000 m2

Buffered water volume (m3) 7.700

Capex 900.000 €

Opex 5.000 €/y

In operation since 2012

SUDS end-of-pipe

GORLA MAGGIORE

SUDS end-of-pipe

Lyon (France) CSO CW

SUDS end-of-pipe Off-stream wetlands

O PER A D I PR ESA

TR AV ER SA PERD EV I A ZI O N E FLU SSO

STA G N O D ISED I MEN TA ZI O N E

PI A N TE A C Q U ATI C H ESPO N D A LI

ZO N A A MI C R O FI TESO MMER SE

LETTI FI LTR A N TIC O N PH R A G MI TES

I SO LA

PI A N TE A C Q U ATI C H ESPO N D A LI

SPEC C H I D IA C Q U A LI B ER A

D EV I ATO R ED I FLU SSO

SB A R R A MEN TO

STR U TTU R AD I U SC I TA

ZO N A I MMI SSI O N E

FL

US

SO

ZO N A MA C R O FI TE

ZO N A U SC I TA

ZO N A A C Q U APR O FO N D A

SED I MEN TA ZI O N E

ZO

NA

L

IT

OR

AN

EA

SUDS end-of-pipe Off-stream wetlands

CA’ DI MEZZO - CHIOGGIA (VE)

Parc de la Seille à Metz Jacques COULON et Laure Planchais – Landscape architect

SINBIO – Ecological Engineering

INGEROP – Geotechnicien

Yves Adrien – Light technology

Constructed 2000 - 2002

EXAMPLES

SABLON

QUEULEU

CENTRE

Parc de la Seille

Quartier de l’Amphithéâtr

e

Photo satellite Ville de Metz > geoportail.fr

Metz parc de la Seille – SINBIO + Jacques COULON

Run off from new urban development area

Reed bed filter 2200 m², 1200 m3

Pond, 2200 m3

Wetland, 600 m²

Dry basin, 2200 m3

Bisannuel to decennial storms Infiltration + limited discharge into Seille river

Discharge into Seille River

9 ha of active surface area (quartier de l’Amphithéâtre, Centre Pompidou – Metz) Collection and transfert of the decennial storm event Retention of the biannual storm event on the reed beds and the ponds, thus up to 3400 m3

Retention of the decennial storm in a dry bassin (playground), plus 4700 m3

Regulated outlow of 10 L/s

Reed bed filter : retention + filtration

Pond : additional retention volume

Metz parc de la Seille

Wetland : polishing and discharge

Outflow

regulation

Metz parc de la Seille

Playground :

Additional storage capacity for rare events + infiltration

Parc Ouagadougou, Grenoble

Winner of the NOVATECH award 2013

http://www.novatech.graie.org/

Irrigation of gardens with treated waters

Grenoble, parc Ouagadougou

Water 21, october 2013, page 12 - 14

Thanks for the attention