SUSTAINABILITY IN ETSI CRiP Conference Luis Jorge RomeroParis, 17 June 2014

SUSTAINABILITY IN ETSICRiP Conference

Luis Jorge Romero Paris, 17 June 2014

ETSI in a nutshell

― ICT standards organization based in France― Formed in 1988― Formaly recognized as SDO by the EU― Telecoms, IT and « ICT inside » e.g.

transports, mobile payments, smart grids, etc

― Global membership (770+ Members/63 countries)

― Direct participation― “Made in EU for global use” enabler of a

series of worldwide industrial hits― Partnership is the preferred way (3GPP,

oneM2M…)― Interoperability (CTI)

Administration8%

Manufacturer40%

Network Operator10%Service Provider

8%

Users4%

Consultancy9%

Research Body/University

15%

Others4%

Other Governmental Body2%

4>3%

59>49%

54>45%

3>3% 120 Associate Members (Nber > %)

Australia

America

Asia

Africa

© ETSI 2014. All rights reserved

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

The goal is to achieve an economically sustainable urban environment without sacrificing comfort and

convenience / quality of life of citizens

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Human activity has pushed CO2 emissions to nearly 32,000 Mt in 2009 (Source : Global e-Sustainability Initiative - GeSi)

© ETSI 2014. All rights reserved5

How ETSI is helping to reduce carbon emissions

Two pillars of the ICT sector response to climate change in which ETSI is active are :

• improve the energy efficiency of the ICT sector itself,

• use ICT to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in other sectors (mitigation technologies)

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ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE ICT SECTOR


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Introduction to ETSI Technical Committee “Environmental Engineering”

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Description of TC-EE activities

“Multi-task” Technical Committee for ICT infrastructures• Environmental topics (temperature, humidity, mechanical ….)• Acoustic• Equipment practice• Power supply interface• Power architectures and grounding• Alternative energy sources• Energy efficiency• Eco-environmental impact assessment

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Telecom products

DELIVERABLES IN THE SCOPE OF EU MANDATE M/462“ICT to enable efficient energy use in fixed and mobile information and

communication networks”

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLES ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

DELIVERABLES IN THE SCOPE OF EU MANDATE M/478“Greenhouse gas emissions”

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLES FOR MONITORING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ICT EQUIPMENT & INFRASTRUCTURES

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLE OF POWER DISTRIBUTION WITH BETTER ENERGY EFFICIENCY

+ CONTRIBUTION / FOLLOW UP OF EU R&D PROJECTS

TC ATTM

The Technical Committee (TC) ATTM addresses Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing including all aspects within the ETSI scope - cabling, installations, signal transmission, multiplexing and other forms of signal processing up to digitalization in private and public domain; excluding those aspects that relate to Hybrid Fibre-Coaxial cable networks which are covered by TC Cable.TC ATTM closely collaborates with the Technical Bodies responsible for communications, networking and services and the exact boundary between the activities is be adapted to the members’ needs.


TC ATTM & EE Coordination of activities

Coordination with ATTM on energy efficiency and eco-environmental matters• TC-ATTM and TC-EE chairmen have reviewed the standardization

programmes on energy efficiency and eco-environmental matters of the two TCs

• An overview of the standardization programme on these topics have been produced to map the various WIs and avoid overlapping (see attachment)

• Ongoing discussion with TM6 on the remote power feeding for CPE

Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet

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The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in:• Efficient General Engineering• Efficient Engineering• Objective KPI• KPI for energy consumption• KPI task efficiency = energy/service unit• KPI “heat reuse= reused energy / consumed energy“• KPI “renewable energy= renewable / consumed energy“• KPI Global Indicator• Equipment design towards energy• Life Cycle Assessment

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REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMISSIONS IN OTHER SECTORS


Mitigating technologies and what ETSI is doing to enable them

A mitigating technology• technology that is deployed in another sector and leads to a reduction

of GHG emissions in that sector, normally through the reduction of energy consumed by these sectors but also through reductions in the use of non-renewable resources.

ICT itself is responsible for around 2% of

global emissions, but other sectors

are responsible for much higher emissions as

shown

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Contributions to Energy Efficiency and Mitigation

ISG OEU• Developing operational standards in cooperation with ICT users• Defining Global KPIs that will lead to reduction in energy consumption

through improved energy management by means of a scale of “Green” levels.

• Providing referential specifications on “Green” ICT areas.

And several other Committees, ISGs and activities, such as:• TC ITS, EP eHealth, TC Smart M2M, oneM2M, Smart Grids, Smart

Metering, TC NTECH or TC DECT

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BACK UP SLIDES


ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THE ICT SECTOR


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HIGHLIGHT ON ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Telecom products

DELIVERABLES IN THE SCOPE OF EU MANDATE M/462“ICT to enable efficient energy use in fixed and mobile information and

communication networks”

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Energy Efficiency deliverables for TLC products

Wireline Broadband Access equipment

ES 203 215 V1.3.1, published 10/2011It replaces TS 102 533It defines measurement methods of energy efficiency of network access equipmentPower consumption limits are defined in informative annexCurrently being updated to insert new measurement method

Wireless Broadband Access equipment

TS 102 706 V1.3.1, published 07/2013It defines measurement and calculation methods of energy efficiency of radio base stationsES 202 706 being drafted to Enhancing the energy efficiency measurement method for RBS TR 103 116 V1.1.1, published 10/2012 It’s a practical application of the TS 102 706

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Customer Premises equipment

EN 301 575 V1.1.1, published 5/2012It defines methods and test conditions to measure power consumption of end-user broadband equipment in the scope of EU regulation 1275/2008 in:• Off mode• Standby mode

It defines also measurement method for on-mode power consumption

Core Network equipment

ES 201 554 V1.1.1, published 04/2012It defines measurement methods for:• IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) core functions (HSS,

CSCF, etc)• Fixed core functions (softswitch)• Mobile core functions (HLR, MSC, GGSN, SGSN, EPC,

etc)Core network equipment are defined in TS 123 002revised to include Radio access control nodes (RNC, BSC) (in member’s approval)24


Transport Equipment

ES 203 184 V1.1.1, published 03/2013Measurement method and transport equipment configurationIt considers work done by ATIS-NIPP TEE but more details on the tests conditions and equipment configuration are addedThe gain of amplifier is part of the metric

Switching and Router equipment

ES 203 136 V1.1.1, published 05/2013Measurement method and switching/router equipment configurationIt considers the work in ITU-T SG5 and ATIS-NIPP TEE but more details on the tests conditions and equipment configuration are added

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Energy Efficiency deliverables for radio access networks

ES 203 228, ongoing Work Item on “Assessment of mobile network energy efficiency”TR 103 117 “Principles for Mobile Network level energy efficiency” V1.1.1, published 11/2012

This TR is the basis to compare different network energy efficiencies or to compare networks with different (innovative) features

Network complexity is taken into account in respect to energy efficiency• Verify complexities of network measurement in live network • Verify complexities of network measurement in lab

Models and simulations for network level energy efficiency is also studiedThe covered technology is GSM, UMTS, LTELiaison has been established with 3GPP TSG SA WG5 The WI for the ES is being developed in cooperation with ITU-T SG5

Radio Access Networks

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLES ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

DELIVERABLES IN THE SCOPE OF EU MANDATE M/478“Greenhouse gas emissions”

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Environmental impact assessment deliverable

TS 103 199 V1.1.1 “Life Cycle Assessment of ICT equipment, ICT network and service: General definition and common requirement”Published (11/2011)The purpose of this TS is to:• harmonize the LCA of ICT:

• Equipment• Networks• Services

It includes specific requirements for LCA of ICTs in respect to:ISO 14040 Environmental management, Life cycle assessment, Principles and frameworkISO 14044 Environmental management, Life cycle assessment, Requirements and guidelinesInternational Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook - General guide for Life Cycle Assessment

Methods for assessing the environmental impact of ICTs

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Environmental impact assessment deliverable

TS 103 199 was evaluated during the European Commission pilot testDuring the pilot test, some questions have been raised that allowed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the ETSI LCA documentThe identified weaknesses were addressed in this revision of TS 103 199Improvements are:

Provide more guidance for recycling allocation rulesClarification on how to assess the LCA uncertaintyMore guidance/clarifications on Network and Service LCAsClarify applicability of annexes when only GHG emissions are assessed

This Work Item is in cooperation with ITU-T SG5 in order to define a common methodologyJust approved from TC EE and to be sent for member’s approval

ES 203 199 (revision of TS 103 199) on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLES FOR MONITORING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ICT EQUIPMENT & INFRASTRUCTURES

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Energy Efficiency monitoring

11 subparts for each specific interface/application• “1” General interface (V1.2.1, 07/2011)• “2” DC power systems (V1.1.1, 03/2009)• “3” AC-UPS power systems (V1.1.1, 10/2009)• “4” AC distribution power system (V1.1.1, 03/2013)• “5” AC-diesel backup generators (V1.1.1, 04/2010)• “6” Air conditioning systems (V1.1.1, 09/2012)• “7” Other utilities (V1.1.1, 12/2009)• “8” Remote power feeding (V1.1.1, 09/2009)• “9” Alternative power systems (V1.1.1, 09/2012)• “10” AC inverter power system control (V1.1.1, 09/2011)• “11” Battery systems (in preparation)• “12” ICT equipment (in preparation – see next slide)

Control processes defined in these publications reduce the energy consumption by optimizing equipment settings (e.g. cooling systems)Furthermore, the remote monitoring and setting reduce the CO2 emissions (less on-site interventions)

ES 202 336-x: “Infrastructure equipment control and monitoring system interface” series

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It defines the control/monitoring interface of ICT equipment to keep under control the power consumption and environmental valuesParameters to be monitored are:

power consumptionenvironmental parameters (e.g. temperature)Traffic/data parameters (throughput, number of connected lines, radio setting, etc)

ES 202 336-12 Work Item on “Monitoring and Control Interface for ICT equipment Power, Energy and Environmental parameters”

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This WI has been created in cooperation with EU project ECONETThe Green Abstraction Layer (GAL) is an architectural interface that gives a flexible access to the power management capabilities of future energy aware telecommunication fixed network nodesIt allows the adapting of energy consumption of the network nodes with respect to the load variations.The ES covers the definition of:

the Green Abstraction Layer general architecturethe interoperable interface between the Network Control Protocols and the power management capabilities of the fixed network devicesthe Energy States describing the different configurations and corresponding performances with respect to energy consumptions

ES 203 237 “Green Abstraction Layer (GAL), power management capabilities of the future energy telecommunication fixed network nodes”

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ETSI TC-EE DELIVERABLE OF POWER DISTRIBUTION WITH BETTER ENERGY EFFICIENCY

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EN 301 605 V1.1.1 “Earthing and bonding of 400 VDC data and telecom (ICT) equipment”

Energy Efficiency power architecture

Energy efficiency of this power architecture up to 400 V is greater than the classical 48V-DC solutionIt is a power distribution, with backup, suitable to supply all type of equipment in a data center without using UPS or AC/DC converters at 48 VThe EN 300 132-3 series define the requirements for the power supply interface of the equipment to be connected to such power architecture (nominal voltage, abnormal service voltage, inrush current, etc.)

Power supply interface requirements for products to be connected to:• direct current source up to 400 V: EN 300 132-3-1, V2.1.1 (02-2012)• alternating current source up to 400 V: EN 300 132-3-2 (drafting)• rectified current source up to 400 V: EN 300 132-3-3 (to be started)

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EU R&D Projects relevant to Green Agenda


Project Area Relevance

STRONGEST Energy efficiency in transport networks TC-EE WI on energy efficiency of transport equipment

EARTH (concluded) Energy efficiency in mobile communication networks

TC-EE WIs on energy efficiency of radio base stations and radio access networks

ECONET Exploiting dynamic adaptive technologies for wired network devices that allow saving energy when device not used

TC-EE WIs on energy efficiency and control & monitoring of power consumption in ICT networks

TREND Research on energy-efficient networking TC-EE on energy efficiency of ICT networks

OPERA-NET2 Optimisation of Power Efficiency in mobile Radio Networks

TC-EE WIs on energy efficiency of radio access networks

C2Power Energy saving technologies for multi-standard wireless mobile devices

TC-EE WIs on energy efficiency of radio access networks

Geyser Qualify optical infrastructure providers and network operators with a new architecture, to enhance their traditional business operations

Energy efficiency of ICTsLiaison not yet established by TC-EEPresentation organized at the TC-EE workshop

5grEEn The project team focuses on designing Green 5G Mobile networks

TC-EE sent a liaison to cooperate in WIs on energy efficiency of mobile networks and on control and monitoring of equipment power consumption

GreenTouch (not EU FP) Energy efficiency in all parts of the network Proposals for 1000:1 improvement in network energy efficiency (see next slide)

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Coordination with ATTM on energy efficiency and eco-environmental matters• TC-ATTM and TC-EE chairmen have reviewed the standardization

programmes on energy efficiency and eco-environmental matters of the two TCs

• An overview of the standardization programme on these topics have been produced to map the various WIs and avoid overlapping (see attachment)

• Ongoing discussion with TM6 on the remote power feeding for CPE

Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet

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The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (1/7):• Efficient General Engineering

• These are deliverables for the global engineering of efficient operational networking.• This includes, as example,implementation of alternative efficient architectures

(transmission systems, physical networks, alternative energy solutions, thermal aspects, monitoring and control etc).

• These deliverables are produced by ATTM and will refer to ETSI TC-EE deliverables for the infrastructure parts (e.g. alternative energy sources, power distribution, control and monitoring, cooling management, equipment energy efficiency etc.)

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The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (2/7):• Efficient Engineering

• These are deliverables for the engineering of efficient operational ICT infrastructures excluding cable & radio management and network architecture.

• This includes, as example, use of alternative energy solutions, power architectures, thermal aspects, monitoring and control, energy efficiency measurement methods etc

• Objective KPI• This is a performance parameter assessing one of the objectives of operational energy

performance which is subsequently used to define a Global KPI for energy management.

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The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (3/7):• KPI for energy consumption

• This is the total consumption of energy by an operational infrastructures.• ATTM deliverables cover the operational aspect of the infrastructure• TC-EE deliverables for equipment power consumption and network power

consumption are referred in ATTM deliverables.

• KPI task efficiency = energy/service unit• The indicator for task efficiency is the assessment of the work done (as a result of

design and/or operational procedures) for a given amount of energy consumed.• ATTM deliverables cover the operational aspect of the infrastructure• TC-EE deliverables for equipment power consumption and network power

consumption are referred in ATTM deliverables.

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The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (4/7):• KPI “heat reuse= reused energy / consumed energy“

• This parameter addresses the energy re-use in terms of transfer or conversion of energy (typically in the form of heat) produced by the operational infrastructure to perform other work.

• ATTM deliverables cover the operational aspect of sites• TC-EE deliverables for equipment power consumption, network power consumption

and power supply architectures are referred in ATTM deliverables.• The LCA can also be used to measure this KPI.

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The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (5/7):• KPI “renewable energy= renewable / consumed energy“

• This addresses the renewable energy produced from dedicated generation systems using resources that are naturally replenished.



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TC ATTM & EE Coordination of standardization activities

The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (6/7):• KPI Global Indicator

• This KPI allows benchmarking the energy management of ICT nodes (data centres included) depending on their size in terms of energy consumption.



• Equipment design towards energy• These equipment specifications are produced by ATTM and will address the

equipment design aspects in the scope of their Terms of Reference

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TC ATTM & EE Coordination of standardization activities

The eco-environmental aspects covered by ATTM and EE deliverables are classified in (7/7):• Life Cycle Assessment

• Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a system analytical method and model by which the potential environmental effects related to ICT Equipment, Networks, and Services can be estimated.

• LCAs have a cradle-to-grave scope where the life cycle stages, i.e. raw material acquisition, production, use, and end-of-life are included.

• Transports and energy supply are included in each life-cycle stage.• The following ICT LCA applications are the most frequently used ones, but others may

be identified and used:• Assessment of product system environmental loading• Assessment of primary energy consumption• Identification of life cycle stages with high significance• Comparisons of specific ICT Equipment, Networks, or Services

• This type of deliveravles are produced by TC-EE

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REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS (GHG) EMISSIONS IN OTHER SECTORS


ETSI TBs that are contributing to emission reductions in other sectors (2)

TC ITS• Will reduce energy consumption in transport sector through use of ICT

and new mechanisms like V2V and V2I:• more efficient traffic routing• avoiding congestion by making use of up-to-the-minute traffic reports• identifying nearest available parking slot• enabling vehicle sharing• enabling multimodal transport

• Will also improve safety (and thus emissions) by foreseeing and avoiding collisions.

EP eHealth• Will reduce carbon emissions in healthcare sector by using ICT to:

• reduce need to travel by enabling remote diagnosis of patients• reduce use of central hospital facilities



TC M2M + oneM2M• Will provide M2M network capability that will enable optimization of

energy consumption in different areas: e.g. Smart Homes, Smart Cities.

• Will optimize electricity networks and reduce size of infrastructure through (e.g. better use of resources).

Smart Grids• Work is also continuing in ETSI in response to the EC Smart Grid

Mandate (M/490) which will allow energy consumption to be reduced through the optimization of resources in electricity networks. A Smart Grid Architecture model has been completed that will enable interoperability between equipment. The impact of Smart Grids on the M2M platform has also been identified.

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Smart Metering • ETSI continues to undertake work in response to the EC Mandate on

Smart Metering (M/441). This will enable smart utility meters (e.g. for water, gas, electricity and heat) to be deployed more cost effectively and will make users more aware of their actual consumption and allow them to reduce this accordingly.

NTECH (Network Technology)• This has incorporated the previous ISG (Industry Specification Group)

AFI (Autonomic network engineering for the self-managing Future Internet) and is developing standards for automatic management and control of networks which will enable them to configure themselves and adapt to new requirements. This will reduce network resources required and save energy.

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DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications)• New DECT Ultra Low Energy (ULE) standards will reduce the energy

consumption of DECT equipment to make it more suitable for new home applications where devices such as sensors, alarms and utility meters need to have a long (over 10 year) battery life. The availability of low energy DECT for such applications could have a mitigating effect on energy consumption in the home if used in an M2M context in conjunction with a suitable energy management system.

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Contributions by ISGs to Energy Efficiency and Mitigation

ISG NFV• Virtualization of network functions will allow consolidation of network resources

based on usage / time-of-day etc., so equipment can be shut down to achieve power savings and total energy savings by reducing cooling, etc.

ISG LTN (Low Throughput Networks)• This is standardizing a new ultra narrowband radio technology for very low data

rates for ‘ultra long autonomy’ devices. These will be essential for the deployment of efficient and low energy M2M networks in the future.

ISG SMT• Defining low power modules that can be embedded into host devices.• What could these enable?


Documents

SUSTAINABILITY IN ETSI CRiP Conference Luis Jorge RomeroParis, 17 June 2014