Summer Opps Guide

Scholarly Opportunities Guide

2012

Ta b l e o f C o n t e n t s

G e n e r a l I n f o r m a t i o n

2012 Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiSteering Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Scholarship and Discovery Team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vFact Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viObjective and Aims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiRole of the Research Mentor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiCluster Group Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiGuidelines for Final Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixFrequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixApplication (example) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii“Intent to Participate” Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii

R e s e a r c h O p p o r t u n i t i e s

Anesthesia and Critical Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1David Glick, MDTariq Malik, MDMark Nunnally, MDAndranik Ovassapian, MDSteven Roth, MDStephen Small, MDAvery Tung, MD

Ben May Department for Cancer Research . . . . . . . . 9Richard Jones, PhD

Health Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Habibul Ahsan, MDLianne Kurina, PhD

Human Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Kevin White, PhD

MedicineCardiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Stephen Archer, MD Elizabeth McNally, MD, PhDEric Svensson, MD, PhDDermatology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Deborah Lang, PhDMaria Tsoukas, MD, PhDEmergency.Medicine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Teresita Hogan, MDDavid Howes, MDWillard Sharp, MD, PhDEndocrinology,.Diabetes.and.Metabolism . . . . . . . . . 24John Ancsin, PhD Matthew Brady, PhDRonald Cohen, MD

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Siri Atma Greeley, MD, PhDRoy Weiss, MD, PhDGastroenterology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Bruce Marc Bissonnette, MDDavid Boone, PhDEugene Chang, MDStephen Hanauer, MDJohn Kwon, MD, PhDYan Chun Li, PhDGeneral.Internal.Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Vineet Arora, MDArshiya Baig, MDMarshall Chin, MDFarr Curlin, MDSusan Hong, MDElbert Huang, MDAasim Padela, MDMonica Peek, MDRita Rossi-Foulkes, MDGenetic.Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Robert Grossman, PhDGeriatrics.and.Palliative.Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Daniel Brauner, MDKatherine Thompson, MDHematology/Oncology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47Daniel Catenacci, MDR . Stephanie Huang, PhDVu Nguyen, MDPeter ODonnell, MD Funmi Olopade, MDRavi Salgia, MD, PhDBlase Polite, MDHospital.Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Dana Edelson, MDJeanne Farnan, MDDavid Meltzer, MD, PhDValerie Press, MDShalini Reddy, MDMilda Saunders, MDInfectious.Disease.and.Global.Health . . . . . . . . . . . . 63John Schneider, MD, MPHRenslow Sherer, MDMacLean.Center.for.Clinical.Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65Lainie Ross, MD, PhD Nephrology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Benjamin Ko, MD

Pulmonary.and.Critical.Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Kristen Knutson, PhD Christopher Olopade, MDShahid Siddiqui, PhDAnne Sperling, PhDRheumatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Haochu Huang, PhDAndrew Kinloch, PhDMalay Mandal, PhDTimothy Niewold, MD

Neurobiology & Neurology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Jeffrey Frank, MD Christopher Gomez, MDUn Kang, MDRaymond Roos, MDSara Szuchet, PhDXiaoxi Zhuang , PhD

Obstetrics/Gynecology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Michael Benson, MD Loraine Endres, MDKevin Hellman, PhDEmmet Hirsch, MDAmanda Horton, MDBeth Plunkett, MDGustavo Rodriguez, MD

Organismal Biology & Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Callum Ross, PhD

Pathology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Cathryn Nagler, PhDCatherine Reardon, PhDLucia Schuger, MD

PediatricsAcademic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99Daniel Johnson, MDDevelopmental.and.Behavioral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Michael Msall, MDEmergency.Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Lisa McQueen, MDHematology/Oncology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103Eric Beyer, MD, PhDNeonatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104William Meadow, MD, PhDNeurology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Wim van Drongelen, PhDPulmonary.Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106David Gozal, MD Rheumatology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Melissa Tesher, MDLev Becker, PhD

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Niranjan Karnik, MD, PhD Harriet de Wit, PhDRoyce Lee, MD

Radiation and Cellular Oncology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115Howard Halpern, MD, PhD Michael Spiotto, MD, PhD

Radiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Sam Armato, PhD Maryellen Giger, PhDYulei Jiang, PhD Robert Nishikawa, PhD Christopher Straus, MDKenji Suzuki, PhD

SurgeryGeneral.Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130John Alverdy , MD Gary An, MD Peter Angelos, MD, PhDRaymon Grogan, MDRima Mcleod, MD, PhDMichael Ujiki, MDNeurosurgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Issam Awad, MDSandi Lam, MDBen Roitberg, MDBakhtiar Yamini, MDOncology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Kathy Yao, MDOtolaryngology-Head.&.Neck.Surgery . . . . . . . . . . 142Elizabeth Blair, MDAlexander Langerman, MDJayant Pinto, MDOrthopaedic.Surgery.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Hue.Luu,.MDPlastic.and.Reconstructive.Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Julie Park, MD Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Kathleen Goss, PhDUrology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152Scott Eggener, MDMohan Gundeti, MDDennis Liu, MDVascular.Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Darwin Eton, MDNancy Schindler, MD

C l i n i c a l R e s o u r c e C e n t e r ( C R C ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

A p p e n d i x ( p r i o r p r o j e c t s 1 9 9 7 - 2 0 1 1 ) . . . . . . . . . . . 169

2 0 1 2 C a l e n d a r

A p p l i c a t i o n T i m e l i n e

Overview of Summer Opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11/21/11

Scholarly Opportunities Guide Available Online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/16/11

Introduction to the Pritzker Summer Research Program (SRP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/12/12(Scholarly Opportunities Guide distributed in hard copy)

Link to Online Application sent out to students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1/12/12

Deadline to Meet with Mentor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/02/12

Online Application Due . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/21/12

“Intent to Participate” form due to BSLC 104 (this.form.needs.both.student.and.mentor.signature) . . . . . . . . 2/21/12

Notification of Acceptance in Summer Research Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/02/12

Spring Quarter Begins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3/26/12

S u m m e r R e s e a r c h S c h e d u l e

Summer Research Program Begins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/11/12

Research Seminar #1: Introduction to Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/11/12

Research Seminar #2: Preparing your Written Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6/18/12

Stipend Check #1 (References,.Hypothesis.and.Introduction.must.be.uploaded.

and.validated.on.SRP.website.prior.to.check.release) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7/02/12

Research Seminar #3: Preparing your SRP Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/06/12

Written Report of Summer Experience Due . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/17/12

Research Forum–Day 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/22/12

Research Forum–Day 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/23/12

Closing Celebration & Award Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/24/12

Stipend Check #2 (All.information.must.be.uploaded.and.validated

on.the.srp.website.prior.to.check.release) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8/24/12

S u m m e r R e s e a r c h P r o j e c t

The Summer Research Program website (http://srp.uchicago.edu) will outline when each component of the project is due to be uploaded .

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eS t e e r i n g C o m m i t t e e

C o - C h a i r s

Vi n e e t A r o r a , M DDepartment.of.Medicine—Internal.MedicineAMB B-217(773) 702-8157varora@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

D a v i d B o o n e , P h D Department.of.Medicine—GastroenterologyKCBD 9134(773) 834-3823 (Secretary: Fran Vukovich)dboone@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

E u g e n e B . C h a n g , M D Department.of.Medicine—GastroenterologyAMB G-705(773) 702-6458 (Secretary: Fran Vukovich)echang@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

V. L e o To w l e , P h DDepartments.of.Neurology.and.SurgeryAMB EB-20(773) 702-3271v-towle@uchicago .edu

C o m m i t t e e

G . C a l e b A l e x a n d e r , M D , M SDepartment.of.Medicine.—Internal.MedicineB204(773) 834-9177calexand@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

M a t t h e w B r a d y, P h D Department.of.Medicine—EndocrinologyAMB N-242 A(773) 702-2346 mbrady@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

E r i k a C l a u d , M D Department.of.PediatricsKCBD 4126(773) 795-3378eclaud@peds .bsd .uchicago .edu

D a v i d C o h e n , M D Department.of.Obstetrics/GynecologyCLI L-205(773) 702-6642dcohen@babies .bsd .uchicago .edu

E z r a C o h e n , M D Department.of.Medicine—. .Hematology/OncologyKCBD 7146(773) 702-4137ecohen@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

D a v i d G l i c k , M D Department.of.Anesthesia.&.Critical.CareAMB I-432(773) 702-5553dglick@dacc .uchicago .edu

H o l l y J . H u m p h r e y, M D (Ex-Officio) Dean.for.Medical.EducationBSLC–Suite 104(773) 834-2138dean-for-meded@bsd .uchicago .edu

B a n a J a b r i , M D , P h DDepartments.of.Medicine,.Pathology,.and.PediatricsAMB G-705 C(773) 834-8670bjabri@bsd .uchicago .edu

S o n j a K u p f e r , M DDepartments.of.Medicine—GastroenterologyKCBD 9120(773) 702-2281skupfer@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

J o h n K w o n , M D , P h DDepartments.of.Medicine—GastroenterologyKCBD 9118(773) 834-8632jkwon@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

W i l l i a m M c D a d e , M D , P h D Deputy.Provost.for.Research.and.Minority.IssuesAdministration 514(773) 834-3861wmcdade@bsd .uchicago .edu

W i l l i a m M e a d o w, M D , P h DDepartment.of.Pediatrics—.NeonatologyWP C684(773) 702-6210wlm1@uchicago .edu

D a v i d M e l t z e r , M D , P h DDepartment.of.Medicine—Hospital.MedicineAMB B-220(773) 702-0836dmeltzer@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

C a t h e r i n e N a g l e r , P h DDepartment.of.Pathology(773) 702-6317cnagler@bsd .uchicago .edu

E d w i n P o s a d a s , M DDepartment.of.Hematology/OncologyKCBD-7, Rm . 7112 (773) 834-5137eposadas@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

P r i t z k e r S c h o o l o f M e d i c i n e S t a f f

K a t e B l y t h e Director.of.Student.Programs.Pritzker School of MedicineBSLC–Suite 104(773) 702-5944kblythe@bsd .uchicago .edu

C a n d i G a r d Student.Programs.AdministratorPritzker School of MedicineBSLC–Suite 104(773) 834-4042cgard@bsd .uchicago .edu

Va l a r i a M c C l i n t o n Student.Programs.AdministratorPritzker School of MedicineBSLC–Suite 104(773) 834-8051vmcclint@bsd .uchicago .edu

R o s i t a R a g i n (Ex-Officio)Assistant.Dean.for.Multicultural.and.Student.Affairs.Pritzker School of MedicineBSLC–Suite 104(773) 702-1617

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D e b o r a h B u r n e t , M DDepartment.of.Medicine—General.Internal.Medicine(773) 702-4582dburnet@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

K o h a r J o n e s , M DDepartment.of.Family.Medicine(773) 834-3185kjones1@bsd .uchicago .edu

G l o b a l H e a l t h

B r i a n C a l l e n d e r , M DDepartment.of.Medicine—Hospital.Medicine(773) 702-5207 bcallend@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

J o h n S c h n e i d e r , M D , M P HDepartments.of.Medicine.and.Health.Studies—.Infectious.Diseases.and.Global.Health(773) 702-8349jschnei1@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

M e d i c a l E d u c a t i o n

J e a n n e F a r n a n , M D Department.of.Medicine—Hospital.Medicine(773) 834-3401jfarnan@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

H . B a r r e t t F r o m m e , M D , M H P E Department.of.Pediatrics—General.Pediatrics(773) 834-9043hfromme@peds .uchicago .edu

Q u a l i t y a n d S a f e t y

J u l i e O y l e r , M DDepartment.of.Medicine—General.Internal.Medicine(773) 834-1808joyler@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

L i s a V i n c i , M DDepartment.of.Medicine—General.Internal.Medicine(773) 834-7055lvinci@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

S c i e n t i f i c I n v e s t i g a t i o n

G . C a l e b A l e x a n d e r , M D , M SDepartment.of.Medicine—General.Internal.Medicine(773) 834-9177calexand@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

D a v i d B o o n e , P h DDepartment.of.Medicine-Gastroenterology(773) 834-3823dboone@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

E r i k a C l a u d , M DDepartment.of.Pediatrics(773) 795-3378eclaud@peds .bsd .uchicago .edu

D a v i d G l i c k , M DDepartment.of.Anesthesia.&.Critical.Care(773) 702-5553dglick@dacc .uchicago .edu

V. L e o To w l e , P h DDepartments.of.Neurology.and.Surgery(773) 702-3271towle@uchicago .edu

P r i t z k e r F a c u l t y a n d S t a f f

V i n e e t A r o r a , M D — C o u r s e D i r e c t o rAssistant.Dean.for.Scholarship.&.Discovery(773) 702-8157varora@medicine .bsd .uchicago .edu

S u j a t a M e h t a , M AManager,.Scholarship.&.Discovery(773) 795-2479smehta@bsd .uchicago .edu

For Questions about the Scholarship & Discovery component of the Pritzker Curriculum, please contact:

scholarshipanddiscovery@bsd .uchicago .edu

S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Te a m

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• Notification of selection is March 2, 2012.

• Students meet weekly in cluster groups . Attendance is mandatory, since the cluster group is an integral part of the Summer Research Program . More than two unexcused absences will be viewed as relinquishing participation in the Summer Research Program .

• Cluster group leaders have a structured set of experiences that they are asked to complete over the tenure of the program, including discussion of the research progress of each student and the opportunity to present the work in a small group prior to the final forum .

• Four full group seminars have been planned . The first seminar focuses on scientific integrity . The second is designed to introduce students to research and the process of experimentation . The third seminar is to prepare students on how to present their research . The final seminar occurs at the Closing Ceremony where prizes and awards are given . These seminars are required—the dates can be found on the 2012 calendar .

• Approximately one week (see 2012 calendar) before the end of the program, each student is required to submit a paper discussing their research, and outlining their research procedures and findings .

• All students funded through this program are required to present their research at the Summer Research Forum, held the last two days of the eleven weeks . Each student gives a seven minute presentation, followed by a two minute question and answer session . Students are graded by judges from both the clinical and basic sciences . A total of six awards, in the amount of $150 each, are given to students: three for basic science and three for clinical science . An award was introduced in 1998 for the best overall presentation—the Dr . Joseph Kirsner Award of $200 . And finally, in 2004, the Sigma Xi Award in the amount of $150 was introduced to recognize a project that may have an impact on society .

F a c t S h e e t• The Summer Research Program is an eleven week

program beginning on June 11, 2012 and ending August 24, 2012 . Please note that the program begins one week before the start of the Summer Quarter .

• Students will need to sign up for a research elective during Spring Quarter for 50 units to meet a one week requirement of the twelve week program, since short term training grants permit funding for a minimum of three months .

• The Summer Research Program has four major funding sources: the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK); the Minority Summer Research Grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); the National Institute on Aging (NIA); and the Pritzker School of Medicine .

• Each student receives a minimum stipend of $5,000 . Students whose research projects qualify for NIH funding will receive funding at the NIH approved level . Payments are made in two increments over the eleven week summer period . Prior to receiving the first stipend check (mid-July), students must submit their research references, hypothesis and introduction on the SRP website, and receive validation . The final stipend payment is distributed at the end of the program after the student’s work is submitted and validated on the SRP website .

• Research mentors must contribute $400 in nonfederal funds.

• Students funded by the NIDDK and the NHLBI are able to offer research mentors an opportunity for a $550 off-set for student research supplies .

• The Summer Research Program Steering Committee, consisting of both basic and clinical science members, meets periodically throughout the program to discuss the progress of the students and any additional issues that may arise .

• Application materials will be available to students on January 12, 2012 at the "MS1 Introduction to the Summer Research Program" . The application is to be submitted online by February 21, 2012 .

• Applications will be reviewed competitively for appropriateness . Emphasis will be placed on funding feasible research projects in which the student applicants have an opportunity to test a well-defined hypothesis .

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• required participation in cluster group discussions with a research team leader and students with similar interests;

• learning how to write up research in the form of a scientific report;

• bringing the research to a productive close with a student/mentor review of data at the end of the eleven weeks, and work with student to prepare his/ her research paper for final submittal prior to the presentation for the Summer Research Forum on either August 22 or 23, 2012*; and discussing the integration of research training and subsequent medical training in developing a career progressing toward the goal of becoming a clinician-scientist .

*Students are expected to attend all sessions and will beasked to peer review presentations of colleagues as partof their educational experiences.

O b j e c t i v e a n d A i m s

The objective of the Summer Research Program is to provide an exposure to medical research which animates and excites the student concerning the scientific basis of medicine .

Students should carefully select a mentor who has the time and willingness to commit to discussion/some direction for the project.

Students should inquire as to the size of the lab, persons available as resources (technicians, post-docs), and the scope of the project . It is critical to have a discussion with the mentor as to the feasibility of completing the work in eleven weeks . The complexity of the research set-up, availability of all apparatuses that are required, the expectations of the mentor, idea of time commitment per week and the mentor’s goals versus the student’s goals for the experience should be ascertained .

Student and mentor should meet early and at leastweekly to set and review goals and expectations for theSummer Research Program, which would include:

• establishing close working relationships on a day-today basis for problem-solving and trouble-shooting the student’s research technology;

• establishing a limited, achievable goal for the project during the 11 week summer program, which provides opportunity for student advancement of knowledge in an area promoting the student’s self interest and ownership of their project;

• enabling the student to acquire familiarity and expertise in utilizing one or more research techniques relevant to the mentor’s program and the student’s project;

• facilitating the student’s participation in regular laboratory meetings, journal clubs or other research team activities, which enhances the student’s scientific communication and awareness of how their research activity interacts with other laboratory or group activities;

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In order to ensure a better understanding of the expectation of the research mentor’s role, see the following :

• The student’s project should be of a reasonable scope to ensure the likelihood that, within eleven weeks, the student will be able to describe results in the required presentation at the Summer Research Forum, and, where possible, obtain publishableresults .

• The student should not be assigned as a research technician to accomplish someone else’s project in the lab .

• The lab mentor needs to invest sufficient time in the student, including weekly conferences to discuss results and, where necessary, help to focus (or refocus) the direction of the project .

• The student and the research mentor should discuss the written report that is to be provided to the Pritzker School of Medicine at the close of the program .

• During the last week of the program the research mentor should discuss with the student how the information should be presented in the Summer Research Forum, including a practice presentation to the mentor and members of the lab .

• The research mentor should be available to attend their student’s presentation at the Summer Research Forum to provide any necessary feedback to the judges or others in attendance .

• The research mentor is primarily responsible for validating the student’s online assignments . This is important in order for students to receive their stipend .

• The research mentor is responsible for contributing $400 in non-federal funds toward the student’s stipend .

C l u s t e r G r o u p G u i d e l i n e s

F o r L e a d e r s a n d S t u d e n t s

• Cluster group leaders will begin to meet with students the first week of the Summer Research Program to outline the goals of the group, and will meet each week thereafter until the conclusion of the program .

• It is imperative that students assigned to that cluster group attend as one of the professional activities of the program and actively participate with faculty leaders who are donating their time over the summer .

• The normal structure of these group sessions is for students to present their project hypothesis, research methodologies, progress and problems . Suggestions, guidance, and critiquing are all part of the exchange between students and the cluster group leader .

• One of the most important goals of the cluster group is to facilitate the writing of the final scientific report .

• Each week the student will be required to submit a section of their report to the SRP home page (http://srp .uchicago .edu) . Part of each cluster group session will be devoted to the essentials of that section of the final report .

• If progress is being impeded for a student for whatever reason, it is appropriate to raise these concerns to the cluster group leader . Should the cluster group leader not be able to resolve the issue, the problem(s) will be remanded to the Summer Research Program Co-Chairs for discussion .

• Where feasible, cluster group leaders are encouraged to talk about broader professional development issues (such as how one incorporates research into one’s career goals, and the resulting rewards, difficulties and sacrifices) as well as consideration of other research opportunities beyond the summer (resources, funding and mentor availability) .

• Cluster group leaders may be asked to validate the student’s online assignments if the mentor is unavailable .

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G u i d e l i n e s f o r F i n a l R e p o r t

Scientific reporting is an essential part of any research activity and this preliminary report will be followed up, in many instances, by publication of the project in a peer-reviewed journal . Please work with your research mentor to develop a thoughtful, accurate report which addresses each of the items listed below:

• Introduction

• Methodology

• Results

• Discussion

• References

F r e q u e n t l y A s k e d Q u e s t i o n s

1 . W h a t w i l l m e n t o r s k n o w a b o u t S c h o l a r s h i p & D i s c o v e r y ?

Many of the mentors that have listed in the book are experienced mentors who have sponsored students for many years . While we have sent out information to the faculty who listed in the book explaining Scholarship & Discovery, it is very possible that mentors are still learning about the initiative . We advise that you talk to mentors about working with them over the summer first and keep in mind that they may still be learning about Scholarship & Discovery . If any mentors are unclear – you can direct them to our website and email (scholarshipanddiscovery@bsd .uchicago .edu) and we can follow up with information . The key for them is to understand is that they don’t need to “do anything extra” to be your Scholarship & Discovery mentor other than help you complete a project . Visit https://sites .google .com/site/scholarshipdiscovery/home

2 . D o I h a v e t o d o S R P f o r S c h o l a r s h i p & D i s c o v e r y ? D o I h a v e t o u s e m y S R P p r o j e c t f o r S & D ?

Remember summer work is optional – while we anticipate many of you will choose to participate in SRP and use your SRP project for Scholarship & Discovery, it is not required that you do so . We encourage you to choose the best project that matches your broad interests and also take advantage of other opportunities available to Pritzker students in a variety of activities (TA, community service, travel, etc .) . Your track choice will be made in the beginning of 2nd year . See the chalk website for S&D 1A for Frequently Asked Questions about Scholarship & Discovery.

3 . I ’ m i n t e r e s t e d i n g o i n g i n t o s p e c i a l t y X ( i . e . d e r m a t o l o g y, r a d i o l o g y, E N T, o r t h o p e d i c s u r g e r y, e t c . ) . W i l l d o i n g r e s e a r c h h e l p m e g e t i n t o t h a t s p e c i a l t y ?

While it is important to identify a mentor in your clinical area of interest, these “clinical” mentors may not be suitable research mentors (especially if they are predominantly engaged in clinical work) . Smaller, predominantly clinical specialties often may not have numerous research mentors and/or opportunities . In addition, it is important to remember that high quality research that leads to scholarly work (regardless of field) will enhance your residency application. It is in your best interest to find a mentor with a demonstrable track record of mentoring students and producing scholarly work (HINT: The SRP opportunities book includes prior mentorship history) . By limiting the clinical specialty of your potential research mentor, you are forgoing opportunities with successful mentors in basic science & clinical research applicable to many types of patient problems and/or specialties (e .g . immunology research relevant for dermatology; cancer biology or ethics relevant for almost any specialty, etc .)

4 . W h y a r e c e r t a i n p r o j e c t s c o n s i d e r e d p a r t o f t h e “ m i s s i o n ” ?

Over 50% of general SRP positions are funded through NIH training grants which are to train students in mission areas of diabetes, digestive and kidney disease, and aging . A minority training grant also exists for funding projects related to cardiovascular disease and hematology .

The remainder of positions are funded through the Pritzker School of Medicine . Because Pritzker funding is finite, ensuring SRP funding for Pritzker students overall depends on ensuring that at least half of our students work in our mission areas .

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5 . W h e n s h o u l d I b e g i n m e e t i n g w i t h a r e s e a r c h m e n t o r ?

You can meet with a mentor if you find a project you are interested in . You may find it helpful to wait until after the Orientation to Summer Research meeting on January 12th. You can look at last year’s project guide as a starting point for finding mentors . Projects listed in the book indicate faculty interest in mentoring students for research projects and can facilitate finding a project . The book also lists the track record of prior mentors, which is a very good starting point to find a successful project . At the January 12th meeting, you will receive the Scholarly Opportunities Guide containing research projects that BSD faculty have submitted . You will also have the opportunity to interact with experienced mentors from each department who can connect you to other mentors or recommend projects based on your interest . You can take a look at the project guide on the Pritzker website:

http://pritzker .bsd .uchicago .edu/current/students/SRP_Guide .pdfClick on “2012 Scholarly Opportunities Guide”

6 . W h e n c a n I b e g i n w o r k i n g o n t h e S R P p r o j e c t ?

We recommend waiting until after the Steering Committee has reviewed your application and notified you of your acceptance into the program at the beginning of the spring quarter . Research proposals may be rejected or require substantial revision prior to acceptance, therefore it is important that you invest the time necessary to develop a scientifically rigorous proposal with your mentor . Use time during the winter quarter to find a mentor and to develop a robust project .

7 . I h a v e a n i d e a a b o u t a p r o j e c t . H o w c a n I f i n d a m e n t o r ?

We strongly encourage that you pursue an ongoing IRB-approved project with a mentor who is invested in that project. Student-initiated research projects for the SRP are unlikely to be approved for several reasons including: 1) lack of IRB approval or delay in project initiation due to seeking IRB approval (IRB approval may take months); 2) lack of a mentor invested in the project . The goal of the SRP program is to provide you with the skills and experience of conducting research . For those with the desire to conduct a student-initiated project, obtaining a PhD or additional training equivalent with mentorship is appropriate .

8 . I l o o k e d t h r o u g h t h e S R P b o o k a n d h a v e n o t f o u n d a p r o j e c t t h a t I a m i n t e r e s t e d i n . W h a t s h o u l d I d o ?

We advise that you review the SRP book and circle any and all projects that you may be interested in. Schedule a meeting with the faculty who very likely will showcase the SRP project and/or other related projects . Many faculty have additional projects that may not be listed in the booklet. Often times, faculty know of other projects (with them or other faculty) that are IRB approved and may be relevant to your area of interest . If you are still at a loss, contact one of the directors of the program as soon as possible to discuss potential opportunities .

9 . H o w c a n I m a k e s u r e t h a t I g e t a p a p e r o u t o f m y S R P p r o j e c t ?

A summer project in and of itself is unlikely to lead to scholarly work (especially a publication). Students who continue their relationship with their mentor well into their medical school training (i .e . second year, Fentress award during 4th year) are more likely to successfully produce scholarly products (posters, abstracts, papers) than those that limit themselves to summer exposure . Therefore, we advise not pursuing any project with the expectation that your summer work alone will result in a scholarly product . We do, however, strongly encourage students to work with mentors that have a track record of scholarly work with students . Hint: It’s often a good idea to ask students who have worked with a mentor before regarding their success in this area .

1 0 . I e m a i l e d a p o t e n t i a l m e n t o r l a s t w e e k a n d h a v e n o t h e a r d f r o m t h e m ? W h a t s h o u l d I d o ?

We recommend that you pursue 2 or 3 opportunities at the same time . You do not need to wait to hear from one faculty member before investigating other options . Keep in mind that faculty are busy. They may be away at a conference, dealing with a major deadline, or trying to keep up with multiple e-mails . You must factor this into the time it will take to contact your mentor (and set up an appointment). Many students often get into a bind because they wait until 2 or 3 weeks before the deadline to find a mentor, only to panic since the mentor can’t

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meet with them for a variety of reasons listed above . These applications also tend to be of lower quality since less time and faculty input is invested in them . If you truly cannot coordinate a meeting time with your mentor (or do not hear back at all), we strongly advise that you pursue a different mentor & project . Your mentor should be invested in you and if they are not able to contribute the time to ensure a timely and high quality application for the deadline, it is unlikely that your summer experience will be much different . If you miss the application deadline (as with all research and educational opportunities including medical school), it is unlikely that your application will be considered .

1 1 . I w o u l d l i k e t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l h e a l t h , m i l i t a r y o r o t h e r s e r v i c e - l e a r n i n g o p p o r t u n i t y ( o r h a v e s o m e o t h e r p e r s o n a l c o m m i t m e n t d u r i n g t h e s u m m e r ) . D o e s t h i s m e a n t h a t I c a n n o t p a r t i c i p a t e i n S R P ?

It depends on the degree to which the opportunity or commitment interferes with your required obligations in the program. Many students take advantage of international or service opportunities that occur after SRP ends and before school starts (ideal case) . If this is not possible, the SRP application includes an area to describe your schedule conflicts, whether payment is provided for your participation in another activity that overlaps with SRP time, and a plan to overcome the barrier to your participation in SRP . Your potential mentor must also agree to this plan . Keep in mind that your SRP application (and funding level) will be evaluated for the quality of the research proposed AND the level of conflict with completing the research . The committee will review each application on a case by case basis . For students with conflicts, SRP reserves the right to adjust funding commensurate with degree of participation .

1 2 . I w o u l d l i k e t o g o a b r o a d a n d d o r e s e a r c h s o m e w h e r e e l s e . C a n I g e t f u n d i n g f r o m S R P ?

In general, SRP funding is available for a limited number of global health research opportunities with University of Chicago faculty mentors who have IRB-approved projects that are ongoing . SRP funding is only available for work with University of Chicago faculty members . For those students that are funded through other mechanisms who wish to participate in the SRP forum, applications will be considered .

1 3 . I w o u l d l i k e t o TA A n a t o m y a n d a l s o d o S R P. I s t h i s a l l o w e d ?

For students who wish to participate in SRP, we recommend serving as an Anatomy TA after the conclusion of SRP in late August to allow for full participation in SRP especially towards the end of the research when the focus is on preparing the final paper and presentation . Rare exceptions may be made for exceptional students who wish to participate fully as an Anatomy TA and also in SRP . These decisions are made by SRP Directors in conjunction with Dr . Callum Ross and are based on their ability to function as an Anatomy TA while incurring a full-time obligation of SRP, the quality of the research proposed, the mentor for the project, the student’s ability to carry out the research .

1 4 . I n e e d S TATA o r s t a t i s t i c a l s u p p o r t f o r m y p r o j e c t . W h a t s h o u l d I d o ?

Statistical software, including STATA, is provided by mentors . While first year students do have access to STATA during their Epidemiology and Study Design course, it is a time-limited license that is only for the academic year (usually ends before SRP starts) . Since not all students require STATA and a variety of software programs are used by mentors, and SRP pays for student stipends to work with faculty mentors, we rely on faculty to provide resources that you will need to complete your project . Most times faculty have a computer that you can use in their lab . Students who wish to purchase their own copy of software for their laptop can do so through NSIT http://answers .uchicago .edu/page .php?id=20254 or directly through the manufacturer . Please note that the USITE computing clusters have a variety of software preloaded on them and that is another possibility provided that your mentor is agreeable to having you work on data remotely . Biostatistical support is available to faculty mentors through the Biostatistical Lab and an appointment can be made through the following website https://biotime .uchicago .edu/Clinic .aspx . Please note that it because many faculty may have statisticians on their projects or specific collaborators whom they trust with their data, your first point of discussion for this is your faculty mentor regarding these issues .

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To B e C o m p l e t e d O n l i ne

A p p l i c a t i o n f o r 2 0 1 2

( T h i s i s a n e x a m p l e o f t h e o n l i n e a p p l i c a t i o n )

I n s t r u c t i o n s

Please work with your mentor in order to complete and submit the online application by Monday, February 21st .

The application includes five sections, Student Information, Mentor Information, Project Information, Oversight* and Certification .

* Please note that your project must have either IRB or IACUC approval at the time it is submitted in order for it to be reviewed and considered for funding.

You will be able to save the electronic form. This will be especially useful in the event that the Steering Committee asks you to revise the information prior to approving your project .

Once you have submitted the application, please complete the Intent to Participate form by reading and signing and having your mentor read and sign . It is available in the Summer Research section of the Pritzker website (http://pritzker.bsd.uchicago.edu/current/students/summerresearch.shtml) . The Intent to Participate Form will need to be submitted to Valaria McClinton in BSLC 104 by February 21st in order for your application to be reviewed .

S t u d e n t I n f o r m a t i o n

N a m e

First Last

C u r r e n t A d d r e s s

Street Apt # City State Zip Code

P e r m a n e n t A d d r e s s

Street Apt # City State Zip Code

A d d i t i o n a l I n f o r m a t i o n

Student ID Last Four Digits of Social Security number

Phone Number (xxx-xxx-xxxx)

P l e a s e i n d i c a t e y o u r c i t i z e n s h i p s t a t u s :

This information is being collected to determine available funding sources and to process stipend paperwork ONLY and WILL NOT be considered in the evaluation of your application .

I am a U .S . Citizen I am a Resident Alien I am an International Student

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D o y o u a n t i c i p a t e t h a t y o u w i l l m i s s a n y p a r t o f t h e S u m m e r R e s e a r c h P r o g r a m ( J u n e 1 1 – A u g u s t 2 4 ) ?

Yes No

P l e a s e p r o v i d e t h e d a t e s t h a t y o u w i l l b e a w a y :

P l e a s e i n d i c a t e a n y o f t h e p r o g r a m s t h a t y o u p l a n o n p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n ( C h e c k a l l t h a t a p p l y ) :

Anatomy TA GMSP Military Remedy Other None of the Above

The next five questions will not have any impact on your application. As part of our obligation to the NIH, we periodically will ask you to report on your research experiences . Your participation is imperative to the receipt and renewal of funding from the NIH for programs such as the Summer Research Program, MD/PhD programs, various minority training programs (including pipeline programs for younger students) and other large institutional training grants . This is part of a longitudinal tracking system that includes reassessments at graduation and every five years thereafter . Your responses to these periodic assessments is part of ensuring that Pritzker remains a top academic institution for years to come .

D i d y o u d o r e s e a r c h p r i o r t o m e d i c a l s c h o o l ?

Yes No

M a r k a l l t y p e s o f r e s e a r c h i n w h i c h y o u h a v e p a r t i c i p a t e d :

Basic Science (“bench” research) Clinical Research Social Science/Humanities Research Other I did not participate in research prior to medical school

D i d y o u r r e s e a r c h l e a d t o a p a p e r o n w h i c h y o u w e r e a n a u t h o r ?

Yes No I did not participate in research prior to medical school

D o y o u i n t e n d t o p u r s u e a c a r e e r i n A c a d e m i c M e d i c i n e ?

Definitely Likely Not Likely Absolutely Not

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H o w e x t e n s i v e l y d o y o u e x p e c t t o b e i n v o l v e d i n r e s e a r c h d u r i n g y o u r m e d i c a l c a r e e r ?

Exclusively Significantly Involved Somewhat Involved Involved in a Limited Way Not Involved

M e n t o r I n f o r m a t i o n

M e n t o r N a m e

First Last

M e n t o r C o n t a c t I n f o r m a t i o n

Department Section (if applicable) E-Mail Address Phone Number (xxx-xxx-xxxx) Did you locate this mentor in the 2012 Scholarly Opportunities Guide? Yes No

P r o j e c t I n f o r m a t i o n

Ti t l e o f R e s e a r c h P r o j e c t

D i d y o u l o c a t e t h i s p r o j e c t i n t h e 2 0 1 2 S c h o l a r l y O p p o r t u n i t i e s G u i d e ?

Yes No

P l e a s e i n d i c a t e w h i c h c a t e g o r y b e s t d e s c r i b e s y o u r r e s e a r c h : ( C h e c k o n e )

Basic Science Research Clinical Research

NIH and Foundation Funding for SRP is provided for certain priority areas .Please check all of the categories that apply to your research .

Aging/ Studies of Older People Blood Brain/Neurology Diabetes Ethics Heart Kidneys Gastro/Digestive Diseases Nutrition None of the Above

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All participants in SRP participate in Cluster Groups to further advance learning regarding general research issues and facilitate review of progress by faculty and peers .

Please check all of the categories that apply to your research .

Anesthesia Cancer Community Based Research Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics Health Disparities Hospital Care Immunology Medical Ethics Medical Imaging Molecular/Cell Biology Neuroscience Otolaryngology or Allergy Pediatrics Quality/Cost of Care Surgery None of the Above

W h a t i s t h e H y p o t h e s i s ?

A scientific hypothesis is a declarative sentence about something in the world that can be determined to be true or false based on empirical investigation . The characteristics of a testable hypothesis are below: o Translation of your question into an educated prediction or guess .o Take a position and try to provide a direction… .“increase”, “decrease”, “no effect”, “related to” “higher” “lower”o Associated with a numerical probability (this is the educated guess)o Conservative (believable)o Use precise terminology (provide some background to explain terms that aren’t universally known)o Measurable (make sure the terms used are measurable…for example if you are measuring “cognitive status”, you may want to state, cognitive status, as measured by lower MMSE score)

Try to start with “We hypothesize that…”

B a c k g r o u n d o f t h e R e s e a r c h P r o b l e m a n d t h e H y p o t h e s i s t o b e Te s t e d

(this should not be copied from the research mentor’s grant)

S p e c i f i c A i m s

( i . e . g o a l s t h a t w i l l b e s e t f o r t h i s s u m m e r )

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O u t l i n e o f M e t h o d s a n d A p p r o a c h e s

Your methods section should aim to be 2-3 paragraphs describing the study design, how data will be collected (or what you are measuring), and then how you will analyze it .

Yo u r R o l e i n t h i s P r o j e c t

More often than not, research at the University of Chicago is ongoing, and you may be working with others, but on a subset of a larger project . Please clarify your role in this project (what you will primarily be responsible for doing over the summer versus other people who will help you) .

P e r s o n a l L e a r n i n g G o a l s

Students will need to sign up for a research elective during spring quarter for a minimum of 50 units to meet aone week requirement of the eleven week program, since short term training grants permit funding for a minimumof three months . Please indicate the number of direct and independent hours that your mentor has approved .

Please detail the number of hours you will work directly with faculty (this is used for assigning credit hours).

# H o u r s / S e s s i o n

# D a y s o r S e s s i o n s / We e k

# We e k s

Please detail the number of hours you will work in independent study (this is used for assigning credit hours).

# H o u r s / We e k

# We e k s

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O v e r s i g h t

Federal regulations require an Institutional Review Board (IRB) to review research on human subjects if the research involves federal funding . The University of Chicago has determined that all research undertaken at this institution, or by those persons affiliated with this institution, must undergo the same level of review as research that falls under federal regulations .

The University of Chicago currently has five independent IRBs: 1 Social and Behavioral Sciences IRB1 Social Service Administration IRB3 Biological Sciences Division IRBs (known as Committees A, B, and C) .

Each IRB is fully constituted with the appropriate number of scientific and non-scientific, affiliated and non- University-affiliated members, as well as members from different genders and ethnic backgrounds, as required by federal regulations .

The Biological Sciences Division (BSD) Institutional Review Boards are administered by the Office of Research Services . The BSD IRBs are responsible for all biological or medical research conducted at the University of Chicago and/or the University of Chicago Medical Center .

W i l l h u m a n s u b j e c t s o r t i s s u e s b e s t u d i e d ?

Yes (If yes, enter IRB protocol number) No

Using animals in research or teaching requires the prior approval of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). The IACUC works closely with the Animal Resources Center (ARC), which is responsible for the animal procurement, facilities, husbandry, and specialized veterinary services . The use of animals in research and teaching is governed by federal regulations issued by the United States Department of Agriculture and the National Institutes of Health Office for the Protection from Research Risks . The University has developed policies and procedures for both the IACUC and the ARC which ensure institutional compliance with these agencies’ regulations .

W i l l a n i m a l s u b j e c t s o r t i s s u e s b e s t u d i e d ?

Yes (If yes, enter IACUC protocol number)

No

C e r t i f i c a t i o n

By checking “I agree” I certify that I have worked with my mentor to complete this application and am aware of my responsibilities in participating in the 2012 Summer Research Program beginning Monday June 11, 2012 . In order for this application to be reviewed, I am aware that I must submit a signed Intent to Participate form (including both my signature and my mentor’s signature) to Candi Gard in BSLC 104 no later than February 21, 2012 .

I Agree

PROPOSALS THAT DO NOT HAVE IRB OR IACUC APPROVAL AT THE TIME OF SUBMISSION WILL NOT BE CONSIDERED FOR FUNDING.

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eS u m m e r R e s e a r c h 2 0 1 2 — ” I n t e n t t o P a r t i c i p a t e ”

D u e F e b r u a r y 2 1 s t i n B S L C 1 0 4

Both students and mentors who wish to be considered for participation must complete this form as part of the ap-plication process. This is to be dropped off in BSLC #104 no later than February 21, 2012.

S t u d e n t S e c t i o n :

My signature below indicates that I have submitted my application online and that I intend to adhere to the Summer Research program as described in the 2012 Scholarly Opportunities Guide . My full participation in this program will culminate in a presentation at the Research Forum as well as a stipend provided in two payments .

Some of the responsibilities associated with this program include reporting to the lab/mentor on Monday, June 11, 2012 (one week prior to the beginning of Summer Quarter) to begin the project and attending the activities identified in the 2012 Scholarly Opportunities Guide . This includes the Summer Research seminars as well as the Cluster Group meetings . (Any date conflicts are noted in my application .)

All assignments will need to be uploaded on time and validated by my mentor . Assignments will need to be validated prior to the receipt of stipend payments .

I will work closely with my mentor on my final paper and presentation and will present my research project on the date and time that will be assigned to me (either August 22nd or August 23rd) . I will also attend the Closing Celebration on August 24th .

S t u d e n t S i g n a t u r e D a t e

S t u d e n t N a m e ( p l e a s e p r i n t )

M e n t o r S e c t i o n :

My signature below indicates that I agree to mentor the above mentioned student for the 11 weeks of the Summer Research Program (June 11, 2012–August 24, 2012) .

Some of the responsibilities associated with mentoring include establishing a close working relationship with this student, meeting weekly to discuss the project, reviewing the student’s work, including the assignments that are uploaded on the SRP website for your validation, and providing constructive criticism to help the student prepare the final paper and his/her oral presentation .

I am encouraged to attend the student’s final presentation on the date to which they are assigned (either August 22nd or August 23rd) .

NOTE: I also agree to contribute $400 in non-federal funds towards the student’s stipend.

M e n t o r S i g n a t u r e D a t e

M e n t o r N a m e ( p l e a s e p r i n t )

N a m e o f A d m i n i s t r a t o r ( p l e a s e p r i n t )

A c c o u n t N u m b e r

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A n e s t h e s i a a n d C r i t i c a l C a r e

M e n t o r : David Glick, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5553E m a i l : dglick@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15976B

P r o j e c t T i t l e

Use of The BIS Monitor To Decrease The Incidence of Intraoperative Awareness Events

P r o j e c t D e s c r i p t i o n

This project looks at the effects of various perioperative medications on the ability to form memories and the simultaneous effects these mediations have on the bispectral index (a processed EEG algorithm used to determine depth of anesthesia) .


The specific aim of the project is to determine if there is a correlation between BIS scores and memory formation following preoperative medications, intraoperatively, and during the recovery period from general anesthetics .

M e t h o d s

Drug doses and BIS readings are recorded at various stages before during and after general anesthetics . Subjects are given words to remember at each step of the evaluation . The subjects’ ability to recall words is then correlated with the timing of drug administration and the corresponding BIS readings .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA

C o n f e r e n c e s Av a i l a b l e f o r P a r t i c i p a t i o n

The Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care has a full, year-round schedule of didactic sessions for residents and medical students . Daily teaching sessions are every Monday, Tuesday, and Friday morning; Grand Rounds are every Wednesday morning . Students are encouraged to attend as many of these sessions as they can to familiarize themselves with the scope of the field of anesthesia . The advisor meets with the members of the laboratory several times a week to analyze data and evaluate plans for ongoing studies . Students are expected to present their work at one or more national meetings . Students will also have the opportunity to help in the preparation of manuscripts at the project’s completion .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Quality/Safety

N I H M i s s i o n : Neurology

M e n t o r : David Glick, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia and Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5553E m a i l : dglick@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-589-A


The development of post-operative DVTs is a great concern both clinically and administratively (prevention of DVTs is one of the quality standards by which hospitals are ranked) . This study will determine the incidence of DVTs immediately prior to surgery and examine the impact of various anesthetic techniques on the rate of intra-operative

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development of DVTs .


The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of pre-operative thromboses in the lower extremities and to assess the impact of various anesthetic techniques (e .g ., general anesthesia, neuraxial anesthesia, regional blocks, local with sedation, etc .) on the development of post-operative DVTs .

M e t h o d s

All patients scheduled for operations will be approached and consented for enrollment in the study . After consenting an U/S study of the veins of the legs will be performed in the preoperative holding area to determine the patency of the vessels and the presence or absence of clot in the vessels . This study will be repeated after the operation to determine if there has been a change in the patency of the veins during the operation .


The Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care has a full, year-round schedule of didactic sessions for residents and medical students . Daily teaching sessions are every Monday, Tuesday, and Friday morning; Grand Rounds are every Wednesday morning . Students are encouraged to attend as many of these sessions as they can to familiarize themselves with the scope of the field of anesthesia . The advisors meet with the members of the laboratory several times a week to analyze data and evaluate plans for ongoing studies . Students are expected to present their work at one or more national meetings . Students will also have the opportunity to help in the preparation of manuscripts at the project’s completion .


N I H M i s s i o n : Blood, Heart, Lungs

M e n t o r : David Glick, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia and Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5553E m a i l : dglick@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 13321A


As patients awaken from general anesthetics they may experience periods of confusion and disorientation . This disorientation is especially difficult for patients who do not speak English or for whom English is a second language . Our project is an ongoing effort to identify phrases and instructions used by an anesthesiologist at emergence and to translate them into the patient’s native tongue . The project has grown to encompass the post-anesthetic care of our patients and to identify and translate the necessary phrases in that venue as well . Recorded messages from parents have also been played back for pediatric patients (English-speaking and non-English-speaking) at emergence .


The study will assess the impact that the use of translated commands has on patient safety, satisfaction, and management . In addition, we will look at the impact that recorded messages from parents have on the rate of emergence agitation in children (English-speaking or non-English-speaking) following non-painful procedures .

M e t h o d s

Patients for whom English is not the first language and parents of children undergoing non-painful procedures requiring a general anesthetic (e .g . MRI scanning) will be identified . Family members will then be asked to make recordings of the necessary phrases (stored as .mp3 files on a laptop computer) . These phrases will then be played for

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the patient at emergence or in the PACU .


The Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care has a full, year-round schedule of didactic sessions for residents and medical students . Daily teaching sessions are every Monday, Tuesday, and Friday morning; Grand Rounds are every Wednesday morning . Students are encouraged to attend as many of these sessions as they can to familiarize themselves with the scope of the field of anesthesia . The advisor meets with the members of the laboratory several times a week to analyze data and evaluate plans for ongoing studies . Students are expected to present their work at one or more national meetings . Students will also have the opportunity to help in the preparation of manuscripts at the project’s completion .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) Clinical Sciences, Quality/Safety

M e n t o r s : David Glick, MD and Andranik Ovassapian, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia and Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5553E m a i l : dglick@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 13251A


There are a number of methods for intubating patients with airways too difficult to manage using direct laryngoscopy . The most frequently used method is intubation with a fiberoptic bronchoscope . This method is well described, but significant work remains to optimize the technique, identify its pitfalls, and select the best drugs for patients undergoing “awake” fiberoptic intubations .


We will compare three different medicating regimens for bronchoscopic intubation of the trachea under topical anesthesia and determine the anatomic “catching points” when an endotracheal tube is passed over the scope through the vocal chords . We will also perform a retrospective review of difficult fiberoptic intubations .

M e t h o d s

A series of clinical trials will include patients undergoing general anesthesia in the operating room . Intubations will be performed using flexible bronchoscopy .


The Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care has a full, year-round schedule of didactic sessions for residents and medical students . Daily teaching sessions are held every Monday, Tuesday, and Friday morning; Grand Rounds are every Wednesday morning . Students in the airway laboratory are encouraged to attend as many of these sessions as possible to familiarize themselves with the breadth of the field of anesthesia . The advisors meet with the members of the airway laboratory several times a week to analyze data and evaluate plans for ongoing studies . Students are expected to present their work at one or more national meetings . Students will also have the opportunity to help in the prepa-ration of manuscripts at the project’s completion .


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M e n t o r s : David Glick, MD and Avery Tung, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia and Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5553E m a i l : dglick@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 12923B


Over the past several years we have examined the causes of day-of-surgery case cancellations and delays . Initial work looked at the impact of the anesthesia preoperative clinic on case cancellations and delays . Subsequent work has concentrated on the demographic characteristics that place a patient at higher risk for a day-of-surgery case cancellation . The long-term goal of the project is to create a model for predicting case cancellations and delays .


To create and validate a model for predicting day-of-surgery cancellation and delays .

M e t h o d s

Prospective examination of day-of-surgery case cancellations followed by a prospective evaluation of the model in patients scheduled for surgery at the University of Chicago Hospitals .


The Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care has a full, year-round schedule of didactic sessions for residents and medical students . Daily teaching sessions are every Monday, Tuesday, and Friday morning; Grand Rounds are every Wednesday morning . Students are encouraged to attend as many of these sessions as they can to familiarize themselves with the scope of the field of anesthesia . The advisors meet with the members of the laboratory several times a week to analyze data and evaluate plans for ongoing studies . Students are expected to present their work at one or more national meetings . Students will also have the opportunity to help in the preparation of manuscripts at the project’s completion .


M e n t o r : Tariq Malik, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3643E m a i l : tmalik@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-241-B


A Randomized Trial of Ultrasound Guided L5/S1Epidural Catheter Placement Compared With The Standard Epidural Technique For Labor Analgesia


Neuraxial analgesia (epidural or combined spinal-epidural) is a commonly performed procedure for controlling pain during labor and delivery . Currently it is very effective in 60-70 % of patients but in rest of the patients it requires frequent intervention in the form of epidural catheter manipulation, catheter replacement, and/or medication re-dosing . Effective control of labor pain requires T10- S4 dermatomal level coverage . Sparing of sacral dermatomes is common and can result in poor pain control towards the end of 1st stage of labor and during 2nd stage of labor . Any intervention that would optimize spread of local anesthetic to sacral dermatomes should improve pain control during labor . Currently this is done by giving high volume of local anesthetics during re-doses No study to date has looked at effectiveness of neuraxial labor analgesia if the epidural catheter is placed at L5/S1 interspace, as compared to other interspaces .

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Ultrasound (US) guidance has proven to be very effective in finding midline and in counting interspaces in the lumbar area . We hypothesize that placing the epidural catheter at a lower interspace (L5S1) with US guidance should ensure better sacral analgesia, and better 2nd stage analgesia and therefore fewer medication re-doses and epidural catheter manipulations


The purpose of this study is to compare blockage of sacral nerves achieved with epidural catheter placed at L5/S1 using US guidance, which will be used to find the correct interspaces with standard placement of epidural catheter . The idea is to see if by improving the blockage of sacral nerves we can improve pain control with labor epidural and also minimizes catheter related interventions .

M e t h o d s

It is a single blinded prospective randomized study . Randomization will be computer generated . Patients will get assigned to either routine placement (control group) or Ultrasound guided (Experimental group) catheter placement .

Randomization: The patients will be randomized using a computer generated protocol to either the control group or the experimental group . The envelopes with randomized assignment will be kept sealed and only opened after getting informed consent from the patient .

Patient Identification: These patients would be identified by the obstetric service as most suitable for labor epidural but final selection will be done by the OB anesthesia team after the subjects have been properly evaluated .

Consent: All patients who get admitted for delivery to the University of Chicago hospitals will be approached after admission to see if they wish to get epidural and if so they would be willing to participate in the study . This will be done right after their admission to the hospital and before they have requested any kind of analgesic therapy . This will give them ample time to discuss merits and demerits of epidural regional analgesia and also if they have any concern participating in the study . This risks & benefits of regional anesthesia and catheter placement will be discussed in detail with the patient and after their consent the patient will be consented for participation in the study . The patient will sign a written consent for participating in the study . After getting the written consent, the patient will be randomized to one of the two groups . In nutshell subjects would only be enrolled in the study after they have weighed the benefits and risks of technique and alternative options available to them have been discussed with them and the patients would be given have enough time to think about it and with their families if they wish to . Any one incapable of giving consent will be excluded from the study . Subjects will have the option to get the labor epidural without participating in the study . Once labor is becomes painful and the subjects requests epidural, it will be placed promptly .

Blinding ; To ensure blinding of subjects, back of both group would be scanned except machine would be turned off when scanning the control group .

Study Protocol: After consent patients will be randomized to one of the two groups: Control Group or the Experimental Group . Patients will be blinded to the group assignment .

In each subject prior to labor epidural placement, intravenous access will be obtained and if indicated fluid bolus will be given . There after heart and lung monitors will be placed . Procedure will be placed in sitting position . Standard epidural kit will be used .

In the Control Group the patient will be seated . Low back area will be prepped and draped in a sterile fashion . Lumbar interspaces will be identified clinically and epidural catheter will be inserted in the interspace deemed most appropriate . Epidural space will be accessed using loss of resistance to air technique . Once identified, a 20g open tip catheter will be placed can into the space .

In the Experimental Group, subjects back will be scanned with an Ultrasound probe . The interspace L5/S1, the lowest interspace in the spine will be identified and marked with the marker on the skin . To avoid delaying epidural catheter placement US scanning time will be limited to 10 minutes at the most . Thereafter epidural catheter will be place using the exactly the same technique as used in the control group .

Once in place, catheter will be aspirated to rule out any intravascular placement . Thereafter a test dose composed of 45 mg lidocaine and 15 microgram epinephrine will be injected via the catheter to rule out any misplacement of catheter either in the intrathecal space or blood vessels . Once proper placement confirmed, catheter will be dose with

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10 ml 0 .25% bupivacaine in 5 ml boluses .

The extent of block before the surgery will be evaluated at 30 minutes post injection . Dermatomal level will be assessed on each side using ice . S1 and S2 dermatomal blockage will be specifically assessed on each side by testing lateral margin of each foot (S1 dermatome) and medial side of the popliteal fossa ( S2 dermatome) .

Thereafter catheter will be connected to epidural solution containing 0 .1% bupivacaine and 2 mic of Fentanyl per ml . Starting dose will be 10 ml per hr with bolus dose 5 ml q 30 minutes self administered by patient if needed .

If pain relief is inadequate top-up doses will be given consisting of 5 ml 0 .25% bupivacaine times two 20 minutes part if needed . If no relief, dermatomal level will be reassessed . If ones sided or unequal, catheter will be pulled back I-2 cm and re-dosed with bupivacaine 0 .25% 5 ml times two if needed over twenty minutes . If still no relief and inadequate level, catheter will be replaced .

Epidural catheter will be left in place till delivery . Patients will be clinically monitored as part of routine anesthetic management . Once they deliver catheter is removed by nurses, which is current policy, in the labor and delivery unit and patients are sent to floor for recovery . Last evaluation will take place on post delivery day number one to evaluate patient satisfaction and address any concern patients may have .

Primary End points: Primary purpose is to assess the ability of L5/S1 catheter to numb S1 or S2 dermatomes in comparison to routine placement of epidural catheter

Secondary outcome to be assessed VAS, catheter manipulation or replacement between the two groups .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Will hire a UoC biosatistcian


None . Students will be able to participate daily anesthesia conferences .


M e n t o r : Mark Nunnally, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-0327E m a i l : mnunnally@dacc .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Sandra NunnallyA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : snunnally@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15277A, 15276A


Understanding How Clinicians Think: Medication Reconciliation


Caring for a patient is complex and requires unique decision-making skills . When a patient moves through the healthcare system, as when they go from the hospital ward to the operating room, essential information can be lost or diverted . Medication Reconciliation (MR) is supposed to be a process to prevent information disruption . We are studying MR using simulation and computer tools to better understand how clinicians think about past medical and medication histories . Students will have the opportunity to collect data as part of a unique and innovative research protocol . Basic computing skills are helpful, as is an open mind and an interest in how we think . This project provides an excellent opportunity to present findings at one of several anesthesia and critical care conferences, and could be the foundation to ongoing investigation .


Our goal is to create tools that help clinicians with the MR task . To do this, we need to begin to understand the various ways they think about medications and diseases, how they organize information, and what factors link vital

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information together .

M e t h o d s

We will study clinicians (nurses, students, residents, fellows and attendings) to see how they handle simulated patients’ information on a computer screen . We will collect data based on actions on a computer, “think aloud” verbal analysis and post-simulation interviews . Participating students will develop familiarity with each of these techniques . They will also learn about cognitive theory .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : We work with a statistician


American Society of Anesthesiologists (a previous collaborator presented a poster at this conference), International Anesthesia Research Society, Society of Critical Care Medicine

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences, Medical Education, Quality/Safety

M e n t o r : Steven Roth, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4549E m a i l : sroth@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 70021


Rescuing the Ischemic Retina


Studies on molecular mechanisms of endogenous neuroprotection, studied using in vivo retina . We have been conducting studies using this model for nearly 20 years . For more details, see http://projectreporter .nih .gov/project_info_description .cfm?aid=7764756&icde=10503895&ddparam=&ddvalue=&ddsub=


Project 1:

1 . Identify p38 downstream neuroprotective mechanisms and the relationship between these signals, p38, IPC, and ischemia .

2 . Identify protein kinase B (Akt) neuroprotective signaling mechanisms .

3 . Determine mechanisms of delayed (24 h after ischemia) post-ischemic conditioning, particularly those related to p38 and Akt and to optimize their activity .

Project 2:

1 . Develop a novel means to prolong survival of RGCs based upon the Akt survival pathway .

2 . Examine anti-autophagy by Akt1-overexpressing BMSCs in glaucoma .

Project 3:

To understand the mechanisms whereby bone marrow stem cells ameliorate retinal ischemic injury, and 2 . Based upon this mechanistic understanding, develop specific treatment for retinal ischemia .

M e t h o d s

A variety of methods are used including in vivo experiments on retinal ischemia in rodents, physiological monitoring, electroretinography, immunostaining, western blotting, real time PCR, kinase assay, microwestern analysis, magnetic resonance imaging of the retina and optic nerve, digital fundus photography .

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S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Matlab, Excel


Anesthesia&CC weekly QI, grand rounds, journal club, daily resident conference, first yr resident daily lectures (July only); committee on neurobiology weekly seminars

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences

N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Diabetes, Neurology

M e n t o r : Stephen Small, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Anesthesia & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-2309E m a i l : ssmall@dacc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Agent Based Modeling of Point of Care Processes: An Ecological View of Safety and Risk


Agent based computational methods (ABM) have proved fruitful for better understanding chaotic, real world complex sociotechnical systems when controlled studies may not be possible for logistic, practical, financial and ethical reasons . ABM have not to date been applied to point of care interactions in health care delivery, especially intense work groups and teams working in time pressured, risky contexts . We are building agent based models of patient, caregiver, tool, and context of work interactions using a team of domain experts, modeler, and programmer .


1 . Develop iteratively refined model of point of care health care process with patient as unit of analysis and with focus on most granular level of detail of interactions between caregivers, patients, tools, teams, institutional and systems level effects .

2 . Work to validate model with expert opinion (no other gold standard currently exists)

3 . Work to validate and populate model further with actual data from audivisual taped immersive team simulations

4 . Inform decision makers about key human factors level issues that play out in complex near misses, adverse events, and systems inefficiencies

M e t h o d s

Agent based computational modeling and programming

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : No Software Needed


International Meeting Simulation in Healthcare, American Society of Anesthesiology, National Patient Safety Foundation, American College of Surgeons, Winter Simulation Conference


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B e n M a y D e p a r t m e n t f o r C a n c e r R e s e a r c h

M e n t o r : Richard Jones, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Ben May Department for Cancer ResearchTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2185E m a i l : rbjones@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Understanding the Systems-Level Genomic and Proteomic Basis for Response to Chemotherapeutic Agents


Many cancer types still cannot be treated with targeted therapies . They are therefore often treated with therapeutic agents that target dividing cells by disrupting DNA replication or cell division . Patients often respond differently to these drugs depending on their genetics . While some patients may tolerate the drug well, their cancer may also tolerate the drug well . In contrast, some patients may not tolerate high levels of the drug but their cancer may also be killed by low levels of the drug . We would therefore like to treat patients with drugs that they are genetically predisposed to tolerate and to which their cancer, through genetic abberation, is hypersensitized . Furthermore, we would like to be able to identify germline and somatic variants that can be used to segregate patients and tumors for the most appropriate drug treatments .


1 . Validate the causal role of proteins in mediating therapeutic resistance to Cytarabine induced apoptosis in lymphoblastoid model system .

2 . Determine the causal role of candidates in the context of leukemia cell line model .

3 . Begin to characterize mechanism by which protein targets mediate resistance to Cytarabine-induced apoptosis in leukemia .

M e t h o d s

Cell line models, gene expression analysis, protein expression analysis, genome-wide association studies .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : R package


American Society for Human Genetics


N I H M i s s i o n : Blood

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H e a l t h S t u d i e s

M e n t o r : Habibul Ahsan, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Health StudiesTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9956E m a i l : habib@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Maria ArgosA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : argos@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15108B


Nearly 100 million people in the world, including ~57 million in Bangladesh and ~15 million in the U .S ., are chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic, a Class I human carcinogen, and are at increased risk of skin and other arsenic-induced cancers—as well as cardiovascular, pulmonary and other non-malignant disorders . We have established Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS)—a large prospective cohort study based on individual level data among a population exposed to a wide range of inorganic arsenic (InAs) from drinking water in Araihazar, Bangladesh . Over the past ten years, using a population-based sampling frame, we recruited 20,000 men and women (with >98% response rates) and collected detailed questionnaires, clinical data, and biospecimen samples from them at baseline and biennially thereafter . Through a dedicated medical clinic established to exclusively serve the HEALS participants, we have also developed an effective mechanism of following the cohort, especially for detecting incidence and mortality of dermatological, pulmonary, and cardiovascular disorders (CVD) . We now plan to prospectively evaluate the effects of various measures of As exposure and metabolism on: i) incidence of skin lesions and skin cancer, ii) incidence and mortality from chronic lung disorders and mortality from lung cancers, iii) incidence and mortality from CVD, iv) serum levels of the epidermal growth factor receptor (as an early biomarker of As-induced skin carcinogenesis), v) serum levels of bronchial/alveolar cell-derived antioxidant Clara cell protein 16 (as an early biomarker of As-induced chronic lung damage and carcinogenesis), and vi) carotid artery intima-medial thickness (as early preclinical marker of As-induced vascular damage) . A combination of prospective cohort, case-cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control study designs will be employed to address these objectives in the most efficient manner . This is the first prospective cohort study using individual level data on As exposure and metabolism, and findings from this study will be directly relevant for both research and policy issues pertaining to the health of millions of people around the world .


We propose to examine the association of various chronic disease health outcomes with arsenic exposure and examine factors that modify these associations .

M e t h o d s

• Data coding, entry, editing, and basic analysis

• Laboratory-based projects

• Field or clinic-based projects

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, SAS


Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER) Annual Meeting, Superfund Research Program (SRP) Annual Meeting, or topic/discipline relevant meeting based on successful completion and submission of student abstract .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Global Health, Community Health

N I H M i s s i o n : Diabetes, Heart, Kidneys, Lungs

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M e n t o r : Habibul Ahsan, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Health StudiesTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9956E m a i l : habib@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Maria ArgosA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : argos@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15091A


Nearly 100 million people in the world, including ~57 million in Bangladesh, are chronically exposed to inorganic arsenic, a class I human carcinogen, and are at increased risk of skin and other arsenic-induced cancers . Investigators at The University of Chicago are conducting a 2x2 factorial, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial among 7,000 individuals in Bangladesh with manifest arsenical skin lesions to investigate whether vitamin E and/or selenium has a beneficial effect . Participants have been randomized into one of four arms (vitamin E, selenium, vitamin E + selenium, and placebo) . Questionnaire and clinical assessment data, as well as biospecimen samples have been collected at baseline . The participants are currently being interviewed for their 6-year follow-up visit and questionnaire and clinical assessment data, as well as, biospecimen samples are being re-collected .


The primary aim of the trial will be to evaluate whether subjects with arsenical skin lesions randomized to vitamin E and/or selenium daily for a 6-year period of time have a lower incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer compared to those randomized to placebo . The secondary aims will be to evaluate whether subjects with arsenical skin lesions randomized to vitamin E and/or selenium daily for a 6-year period of time have a lower mortality, lower levels of oxidative stress, and altered diabetes incidence compared to those randomized to placebo .

M e t h o d s

• Data coding, entry, editing, and basic analysis

• Laboratory-based projects

• Field or clinic-based projects

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, SAS


Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER) Annual Meeting, Superfund Research Program (SRP) Annual Meeting, or topic/discipline relevant meeting based on successful completion and submission of student abstract .


N I H M i s s i o n : Diabetes, Heart, Kidneys, Lungs

M e n t o r : Lianne Kurina, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Health StudiesTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3926E m a i l : lkurina@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


A Study of Health Care Utilization and Disability in the US Army


This study consists of the analysis of a large database consisting of all digitally-recorded health care provided to the

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entire US Army for a two-year time period, and disability outcomes extending across a further year of data . The project is sponsored by the Army Surgeon General’s office and is intended to explore and allow providers to better anticipate disability in this population . The study is critical because health care utilization and disability rates there are high and rising, approaching levels that threaten the Army’s ability to function .


There are three aims: 1) Describe the rates of health care utilization and disability among key subgroups within the population; 2) describe the relationships between health care utilization and disability: and 3) create clinical prediction rules for disability that are usable at the earliest possible time in the disability trajectory . Students doing summer projects will either work within one of these aims or develop a complementary project using this dataset .

M e t h o d s

Using STATA, the team will tabulate health care encounters and disability outcomes versus key subgroups and will determine the antecedent events for these outcomes . They will use cohorts of randomly-selected subjects to establish multivariable regression models that constitute clinical prediction rules and will then validate them .



To be determined .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences

H u m a n G e n e t i c s

M e n t o r : Kevin White, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Human GeneticsTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3913E m a i l : kpwhite@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : David VanderWeeleA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : david .vanderweele@uchospitals .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-270-a


Sequencing Prostate Cancer


Approximately 220,000 American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer this year . Of these, 27,000 men will die from prostate cancer, but most men will have indolent disease or will die of other causes . A key challenge in the management of prostate cancer is distinguishing aggressive from indolent disease and to predict the course of one’s disease . Currently this is based mostly on histology and Gleason score, but other methods are needed to improve our understanding of prostate cancer biology and prostate cancer progression .


To identify markers of aggressive prostate cancer .

M e t h o d s

Analysis of exome sequencing data from prostate cancer .


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Weekly White lab meeting, weekly Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology journal club .


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging

M e n t o r : Kevin White, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Human GeneticsTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3913E m a i l : kpwhite@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Megan McNerney, MD, PhDA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : megan .mcnerney@uchospitals .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16967B


Identification of Genetic Variants in Hematopoietic Malignancies


A large focus in our laboratory is the analysis of genetic variants associated with cancer . We are using next-generation sequencing to discover somatic mutations, gene fusions, and inherited, rare, deleterious variants that promote the development of hematopoietic malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia . A number of projects are available that can be tailored to fit the student’s interests .


Examples of projects available include:

1 . Screening for recurrent variants in a large panel of patient samples .

2 . Bioinformatic discovery of networks involved in specific disease states .

3 . Determining the correlation between genetic variants and patient survival .

4 . Testing the functional impact of predicted deleterious variants in cell models .

M e t h o d s

The methods used will be guided by the specific project but may include bioinformatic analysis of large-scale datasets, statistics, chart review, PCR, traditional Sanger sequencing, cell culture, and protein assays .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Familiarity with R is helpful


Weekly lab meeting, weekly journal club, and weekly and monthly seminar series .



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M e d i c i n e — C a r d i o l o g y

M e n t o r : Stephen Archer, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—CardiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6924E m a i l : sarcher@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71834


Mitochondrial Fission and Cell Proliferation in Pulmonary Hypertension


Synopsis: I have capacity for 2-3 summer student to study a novel discovery we have made relating to the recent discovery that mitochondrial division is critical for cell division and thus inhibition of mitochondrial Division can slow cell proliferation . This has applications in the development of experimental therapeutics for cancer and pulmonary hypertension . The lab has ~8 scientists . We have lab meetings for 2 .5 hours, 2X/week . We run an active Journal club . Many of our trainees have won young investigator awards . The lab is funded by NIH and the American Heart Association .

Overview: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease of the lung’s blood vessels due (in part) to rapid growth of cells in the blood vessel wall . The resulting obstruction blocks blood flow and causes disability and premature death due to right heart failure, despite modern therapies . PAH primarily affects the pulmonary vasculature . It occurs in a rare idiopathic form (sporadic or familial) and, more commonly, as a syndrome associated with HIV, consumption of anorexigens (dexfenfluramine/aminorex), congenital heart disease or connective tissue diseases . Many abnormalities contribute to this syndrome of obstructed, constricted small pulmonary arteries, right ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular failure . The disordered pathways include: elevated plasma serotonin, a decreased ratio of endothelial-derived vasodilators/constrictors, decreased pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell voltage-gated potassium channels, a decreased ratio of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell apoptosis/proliferation, associated expression with anti-apoptotic protein survivin and adventitial metalloproteases activation . It appeared that the cause for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension had been revealed when it was discovered that most familial Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension patients had mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 (BMPR-2), leading to dysfunction of the Transforming Growth Factor pathway with attendant changes in apoptosis and proliferation rates; however BMPR2 mutations are rare in sporadic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and are not sufficient to cause Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension even in affected families . While the many abnormalities described in PAH undoubtedly occur, it is unknown whether there is a single initiator with many secondary abnormalities (a “PAH pathway” or a host of independent insults that can independently elicit this syndrome . Thus the cause of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension remains open to investigation .

Recent discoveries: We have recently discovered report that HIF-1 activation is a proliferative stimulus, which activates dynamin-related protein (DRP1), causing mitochondrial fission . Activation of HIF-1 in vivo causes PAH and molecular or pharmacological HIF-1 inhibition prevents fission and reduces PASMC proliferation . Mitochondrial fragmentation and proliferation are coordinated by cyclin B1/CDK1, which initiates mitosis and activates DRP1, by phosphorylating DRP1-serine 616 . DRP1-mediated mitotic fission ensures equitable distribution of mitochondria during cell division . Molecular or pharmacological DRP1 inhibition locks the mitochondria in a fused state and arrests the cell cycle at the G2/M interphase . In vivo, the DRP1 inhibitor, Mdivi-1, increases fusion, reduces proliferation and improves exercise capacity and/or hemodynamics in several PAH models . Mitotic fission is newly recognized checkpoint that can be therapeutically targeted .


Hypotheses:

1 . Mitochondrial disease precedes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in and can be therapeutically targeted to regress PAH using strategies such as inhibition of dynamic related protein-1 (DRP-1) .

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2 . Mitochondrial-metabolic therapies (dichloroacetate, trimetazidine and ranolazine) cause regression of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

3 . Pathological activation of transcription factors hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1a), oncogenic transcription factor Myc and nuclear factor activating T cells (NFAT) lead to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and their inactivation has therapeutic value .

4 . Impaired superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression, possibly the result of gene methylation, contributes to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in fawn-hooded rat and intraperitoneal replacement therapy (using MnTBAP) or a demethylating agent (5-azacytidine) has therapeutic benefit .

5 . The blockage of beta-receptor (using agents such as carvedilol) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists may benefit rats with PAH by regressing RVH .

6 . PAH is a condition characterized by excess proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells and impaired apoptosis . Inhibiting proliferation or enhancing apoptosis (as achieved with inhibitors of survivin, infused using a miniosmotic pump (see our reference) (may regress PAH) .

M e t h o d s

Models to be used:

Well-established PH models are used, including: 1) the Fawn Hooded Rat (FHR), the only animals that spontaneously develops Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension; 2) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats exposed to chronic environmental hypoxia (relevant to COPD and humans at high altitude); and 3) the monocrotaline treated SD rats (an inflammatory PAH model) 4) the chronic hypoxia-SU-5416 rat, a newer model which is unique in manifesting all the histological changes seen in the human PAH lung . 5) We are also creating a new model, analogous to chronic hypoxic PH, by injecting the HIF-1 . activator, cobalt chloride . 6) Finally, to study adaptive versus maladaptive RVH in PAH we use, a pulmonary artery banding (PAB) rat model (which has no PAH but does have RV pressure overload) .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Prism


Potentially (if abstract produced) The AHA, ATS or ACC

Strengths of the lab experience include:

1 . Regular interaction with the PI and experience technicians and physician trainees .

2 . State of the art techniques to assess gene and protein expression in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (laser capture microdissection (LCM), 2 photon confocal microscopy), Millar catterization, VEVO 2100 Doppler, cell culture and gene therapy cores .

3 . Methodical categorization of the natural history of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in females, as well as males, using noninvasive techniques such as micro-SPECT-CT and echocardiography

4 . Translational approach (assessing the benefit of putatively important, deranged pathways with therapies, such as dichloroacetate, MnTBAP and 5-azacytidine . Dichloroacetate and 5-azacytidine have the advantage of prior safe use in humans with other conditions, which could expedite their testing in randomized clinical trials in patients . Trimetazidine, ranolazine has been approved to use as anti-angina agents in clinic . Carvedilol and captopril are the common drugs that are widely use in clinic to treat cardiovascular disease .


N I H M i s s i o n : Heart, Lungs

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M e n t o r : Elizabeth McNally, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—CardiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2672E m a i l : emcnally@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Tharrie DanielsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : tdaniels@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 706198249


Genetics of Heart and Muscle Disease


We study genetic mechanisms of inherited heart and muscle disease . Work ongoing in the laboratory relates to murine and Drosophila models for these disorders to understand pathways that are triggered by disruption of the dystrophin complex or nuclear membrane complexes important for normal cardiac function . A number of projects are available .


Examples of projects are:

1 . Testing TGFbeta pathway inhibitors in inherited cardiomyopathy .

2 . Determining gene expression and epigenetic profiles in cardiomyopathic hearts .

3 . Studying human gene variants for their association with clinical cardiomyopathy using whole genome approaches .

M e t h o d s

The methods will be appropriate for the project selected . In the case of work with mouse models, methods will include echocardiography and measurements of muscle function . Gene expression and epigenetic mapping will include RNA preparation and chromatin immunoprecipitation . Studies of human gene variants will include database analysis, sequencing and correlating with clinical function parameters .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Genetic analysis software


Weekly lab meeting, Cardiology Grand Rounds


N I H M i s s i o n : Heart Neurology

M e n t o r : Eric Svensson, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—CardiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-0313E m a i l : esvensso@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71077


Molecular Basis of Congenital Heart Disease


Research in my laboratory is focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling heart development, as these pathways are likely to be perturbed in patients with congenital heart disease . We generate mouse models of

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congenital heart disease through the use of transgenic and knockout mouse technology . We then use these models to decipher the molecular pathways that direct cardiac development .


There are several projects ongoing in the lab that interested students could become involved in:

1 . The role of the NuRD Chromatin Remodeling complex in regulating heart valve development .

2 . The Regulation of myocardial capillary formation by the transcription factor Ets-1 .

3 . The role of the transcriptional co-repressor FOG-2 in mediating coronary vascular development .

4 . The molecular basis for the development of atrial fibrillation in a transgenic mouse model .

M e t h o d s

Students will learn a variety of molecular techniques relevant to their chosen project . These include quantitative RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, and histology .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Graphpad Prism


Students will participate in weekly lab meetings and Cardiology grand rounds .


N I H M i s s i o n : Heart

M e d i c i n e — D e r m a t o l o g y

M e n t o r : Deborah Lang, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—DermatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6005E m a i l : dlang@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : IACUC # 71535, IRB # 13945B


We have several projects available on the lab's core focus: melanocyte biology, stem cells, and melanoma . We find that molecular pathways that are essential during development are recycled in the adult stem cell, and are subverted during cancer progression . We also have parallel projects available in pancreatic cancer research .

Our research group performs basic science bench research . Summer students may work independently, but typically they are paired with another student in the lab .


The short-term goals of our studies are to determine if Pax proteins, transcription factors necessary for development, is required for adult stem cell maintenance and is playing an active role in cancer . The long-term clinical significance of our laboratories work is two-fold . The first is a model for future stem cell therapy . Only a good understanding of the stem cell will make this a possibility . The second long-term clinical goal is to provide insight into how cancer arises and progresses . Unraveling the mechanism underlying cancer will aid in designing potential therapies, diagnosis, and prevention . Knowledge of the normal characteristics of stem cells will offer clues on how to treat these cells when they become corrupted and become tumors . It is our hope that knowledge obtained from our studies will lead to treatments for cancer patients .

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M e t h o d s

The methods vary depending on the project and the interest of the student . Examples of experimental methods include: Histology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence; DNA analysis, promoter analysis and cloning; cell culture and cell biological assays; Gene expression studies, Western analysis and RT-PCR .


We have several conferences and mentorship opportunities available focused on dermatology and skin biology . We have basic research meetings biweekly . The laboratory is also located adjacent to the academic clinical dermatology section, and there are several clinical conferences including a weekly dermatology special conferences, skin surgery lectures, and lectureships . During July, there are introductions to skin histology and surgery lectures for new dermatology residents, and there may be opportunities for students to sit in on these lectures and labs . In addition to a laboratory mentor, our summer students are also assigned a dermatology resident mentor for advice on the specialty of dermatology and medicine in general . Our laboratory will have one position available for the right student, but other opportunities might be available in other dermatological labs as well as with our faculty dermatologists for more clinically focused dermatology projects . Please feel free to contact D . Lang for more information .


M e n t o r : Maria Tsoukas, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—DermatologyTe l e p h o n e : (312) 206-0191E m a i l : mtsoukas@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11-0695 (pending)


Treatment of Actinic Keratoses In Healthy and Immunosuppressed Patients: A Randomized Split Face Comparison of Sequential 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy (Ala-Pdt) To 5-Fu Or Ala Pdt


Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common dermatologic condition resulting from long-term sun exposure . It usually affects older, fair skin individuals . AKs present as red scaly papules or plaques on sun exposed skin, usually the face, scalp and dorsal arms . They are considered pre-cancerous lesions which carry a 10 year conversion to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) at an estimated range of 6-20%, which highlights the importance of prompt identification, early treatment and eradication of AKs as well as recurrence monitoring . Currently, the treatment for widespread AKs includes topical 5- fluorouracil (5-FU) and topical 5-aminolevulinic acid application followed by photodynamic therapy (ALA PDT) . Singly, both treatments have shown to be effective in treating AKs . Combination therapy studies have demonstrated the efficacy of sequential therapy with 5-FU and ALA PDT (5-FU-ALA PDT) with patients with widespread AKs but the data are very limited to only a few case reported . Sequential therapy may offer improved efficacy, tolerability, and long term results compared to single therapy . Secondarily, it may decrease treatment costs and improve patient skin texture and cosmetic outcome . The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and tolerability of sequential therapy with 5-FU-ALA PDT compared to 5-FU or ALA PDT alone in the treatment of AKs .


1 . Specific Aims: Through this randomized split face study, we plan to compare FDA approved treatments for widespread AKs (defined as greater than 10 non-hypertrophic AKs) on equivalent body sites, and specifically investigate whether a sequential therapeutic approach 5-FU-ALA PDT proves to be more effective than mono-therapy . The primary outcome variable in this study is AK clearance which will be measured by complete resolution and overall improvement . Additionally at the conclusion of the trial a panel of physicians blinded to the study will evaluate photographs for each clinical visit ranking them according to the scale provided above .

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Additional outcomes include treatment associated overall discomfort, cosmetic outcome, patient preference, compliance, and cost effectiveness . Our hypothesis is that sequential therapy with 5-FU-ALA PDT will improve the efficacy of AK resolution than either therapy alone .

2 . Significance: To date there are no published randomized split face studies for AK treatment comparing standardized therapy with 5FU or ALA PDT to sequential therapy . Sequential therapy studies have been derived from small case series, anecdotal evidence, and individual preference . Since AKs may progress to SCC, a treatment modality with minimal side effects and superior efficacy is needed . Literature supports that multiple ALA PDT sessions as well as multiple 5FU application as monotherapies are required for eradication of AKs . Often times, clinicians will try different modalities to treat actinic keratoses, and sometimes these modalities are combined . In our patient population, we have seen complete resolution and decreased AKs in patients treated with a single sequential round of 5-FU-ALA PDT over a greater than 12 month period (unpublished data) . In order to potentially consolidate treatments, improve outcomes and decrease patient costs, this study will confirm whether sequential therapy is more effective than mono-therapy .

M e t h o d s

Methods:

This is a single center, randomized split face prospective study . We will compare one sequential 5-FU-ALA PDT treatment to 5-FU or ALA PDT alone . The primary outcome variable in this study is AK resolution .

Sample Size

Patients greater than 18 years of age with a history of organ transplantation on immunosuppressive therapy or healthy (non-immunosuppressed) individuals will be allowed to enroll .

We plan to enroll 10 subjects into each arm of this study to have a total of 40 subjects enrolled in this study:

We plan to compare the treatment with sequential 5-FU-ALA-PDT to: 5-FU in 10 immunocompromised subjects and to ALA PDT in 10 immunocompromised subjects .

We plan to compare the treatment with sequential 5-FU-ALA-PDT to: 5-FU in 10 healthy subjects and to ALA-PDT in 10 healthy subjects .

Inclusion Criteria, Randomization, and Split Face Approach

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients will be required to have greater than 10 non-hypertrophic AKs, evaluated by clinical assessment on the face, scalp, upper, lower extremeties, chest or back . The treatment sites should be clinically equivalent .

18 years old or older

Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients cannot have treatment of AKs on the face or scalp with any modality for at least eight weeks before entry into the study

Pregnant females

Patients who have had isotretinoin therapy less that 1 year prior to procedure

Patients who have an adverse reaction to light exposure (for example photo-exacerbated seizures or a history of porphyria)

Patients will be randomized to receive 5-FU-ALA PDT versus 5-FU or 5-FU-ALA PDT versus ALA PDT to ensure there is no bias to favor ALA PDT, as it is recognized there is some systemic absorption following topical administration of 5-FU . In each patient, one half of the affected site will be treated with sequential 5-FU-ALA PDT and the other side will be treated with 5-FU or ALA PDT as monotherapies .

Patient Recruitment

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Any patient that presents to clinic with greater than 10 non hyperkeratotic AKs on bilateral body sites that meet the inclusion criteria will be offered an opportunity to participate in the study .

When study data is analyzed, one dimension of analysis will involve stratifying healthy and immunosuppressed individuals . We will not purposely recruit the two groups separately . However, upon completion of study, we may look at the data from these two groups separately, if enrollment was substantial enough to ensure statistical significance .

For data analysis purposes, immunosuppressed patients will be identified based on a history of organ transplant and current administration of anti-rejection immunosuppressive medication . Healthy patients will be identified by lack of organ transplant history and lack of immunosuppressive medications at the time of enrollment .

Recruitment Procedures

Any patient that presents to the Dermatology clinic that meets the inclusion criteria will be offered an opportunity to participate in the study .

Written Consent

Dr . Tsoukas or a member of her research team will explain the study to the patient . The patient will be asked to read the consent, and explain the study in their own words to ensure understanding . Ample time will be given for questions regarding this study at each clinic visit, and during the consent process itself . Patients will be evaluated in clinic, and if eligible for the study, they will be offered a chance to enroll . At each clinical follow-up, the patient will be asked if they would like to continue in the study and a brief re-iteration of the study methods and purposes will be provided .

Sequential 5-FU-ALA PDT, 5-FU and ALA PDT

Site therapy with 5-FU-ALA PDT will be pursued as follows: 5-FU application daily for 10 days, then short contact ALA PDT (90 minute incubation followed by 16 minute exposure to visible light, 417 nm), within 7 days of the last 5-FU application . On the equivalent body site, therapy with 5-FU will be applied by the patient once daily for a total of 4 weeks . For ALA PDT, areas defined for treatment will be prepared by rigorous acetone scrub of the field with focus on skin growths, aiming at removing thick scale overlying the AKs . 20% 5-ALA ampoules will be prepared for application per the manufacture’s protocol . Patients will receive education on how to apply 5-FU and a calendar diary will be provided to record applied treatment . Lesions that fail to respond after 6 months of therapy will be treated with the same modality of treatment on that body area site . For instance, at 6 months if a patient has recurrence of AKs on the side treated with 5-FU, the patient will repeat 5-FU therapy for 4 weeks on that same site .

Photography and Evaluation

In all patients, photographs of treatment areas will be obtained before treatment and at each scheduled follow up . The images will be stored digitally . Patients will be evaluated at baseline, within 7 days after the last 5-FU application for subsequent ALA-PDTsession, and at at 1, 6, and 12 months .

Patient evaluation: On the calendar diary provided, patients will also keep a daily record of pain and erythema for the first 4 weeks, using a 4 point scale (0-none, 1-mild, 2-moderate, and 3-severe) for each treatment site . Other potential local skin reactions such as pruritus, ulceration, crusting, infection, or scarring will be documented by the physician at follow up . At the end of the study, patients will fill out an exit questionnaire specifying which treatment method they preferred overall, taking into consideration aspects of treatment including adverse effects, efficacy and cosmetic outcome .

Physician evaluation:

A) Investigators will review treatment response at each follow up appointment . Outcomes will be classified based on clinical interpretation as either none, minimal, mild, moderate or severe, where none is 0 lesions, minimal 1-4 lesions, mild 6-9 lesions, moderate 10-25 lesions and severe greater than 25 lesions of the affected area .

Each category will be assigned a score as follows:

• None (0 lesions) = Score 0,

• Minimal (1-4 lesions) = Score 1

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• Mild (6-9 lesions) = Score 2

• Moderate (10-25 lesions) = Score 3

• Severe (>25 lesions) = Score 4

B) A panel of clinical practioners blinded to the treatment regimens will be shown multiple patient pre-treatment and post-treatment photographs and be asked to grade the clinical severity of AKs . The same grading scale as above will be provided for evaluation of photographs . The photographs will be in a random order . For each physician assigned grading, the difference in the severity grading of the pre-treatment and post-treatment photographs will represent the degree of clinical improvement for each subject .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : UoC Statistician


American Academy of Dermatology, European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Inc . International Transplant Skin Cancer Collaborative, International Academy of Cosmetic Dermatology, Cosmetic Surgery Forum

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences Social Sciences Medical Education Community Health Quality/Safety


M e d i c i n e — E m e r g e n c y M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : Teresita Hogan, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Emergency MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (847) 707-9890E m a i l : thogan@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : William DaleA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : wdale@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Emergency Department Management of Pain in Older Adults


This project utilizes experts in consensus development, education, geriatrics, emergency medicine, pain management, palliative care, and performance improvement . With use of expert consensus, we will assimilate these components into an integrated strategy to achieve sustained improvement in older adult ED pain management . With enhanced pain relief as the focus, we will develop and implement: The Geriatric Pain Management Education Program and link it to The Tailored Improvements of Patient care Skills (TIPS) pain practice protocol . We will develop and teach the educational protocol and then couple it with TIPS consistent monitoring and performance improvement methods to ensure that optimal behavior is achieved and maintained . A comprehensive, guideline-driven, evidence-based approach to clinical practice is feasible within the structure of an ED . Measurable targets include improved care through earlier and repeated assessment, therapy and enhanced disposition .


1 . To use an expert panel and a consensus process to develop a manual or kit -- containing clear and specific performance standards, educational tools, and treatment algorithms -- to improve ED staff management of pain care for older adults .

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2 . To train an emergency medicine interdisciplinary team in one academic institution, utilizing this manual or kit, to make tailored improvements of patient care skills to provide optimal, goal-directed, sustained care for older adults in pain in the ED .

3 . To critically examine the pain experience of an ED older adult population before, during, and after the trained team’s work, using established outcome measures or measures developed specifically for this purpose .

M e t h o d s

This is a single center, prospective study of an educational program coupled with ongoing TIPS techniques . The coupling of these two parts forms a single intervention, “The Geriatric Pain Management Intervention” . It will be designed to enhance an ED interdisciplinary staff’s treatment of older adults with pain .



EM and Geriatric weekly conferences as appropriate

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Medical Education, Quality/Safety


M e n t o r : David Howes, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine– Emergency MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2887E m a i l : dhowes@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-077-B


Effect of Interruptions on Emergency Medicine Attending Physician Responses in Assessment Oriented Case Presentations - The oral case presentation (OCP) has long been the method of information transfer and education for resident and attending physicians . The traditional OCP style has been the rule of thumb in clinical settings, but a new format of OCP, the assessment-oriented (AO) format, has been introduced . Instead of the process of elimination method that the traditional OCP style employs, the AO style begins with a diagnosis and assessment plan and continues with supporting evidence based on the patient .s history and physical exam . Past research has shown that the traditional OCP style takes longer to complete than the AO style, while both methods cover just as many points in the report . This distinction is incredibly useful in settings such as emergency departments where mere minutes are crucial to a patient .s fate . Further studies have found that traditional OCPs are associated with more interruptions and clarification questions, but are also with more didactic teaching moments, whereas the AO style of OCP is associated with less interruptions and clarification questions, but also less didactic moments . The greater number of interruptions for traditional style is logical because the longer traditional report provides more opportunity for interruption . The remaining trends can possibly be explained by a later study, which showed that a physician .s (both attending and resident) satisfaction level with both AO and traditional OCPs decreased when their listening was interrupted . This suggests that the trends observed above regarding numbers of clarification questions and didactic teaching moments may be due to interrupted listening . In other words, when an attending physician .s listening is interrupted, they lost their train of thought . This results in more clarification questions to get re-oriented with the case, and less didactic teaching moments as they forget to make previous points .


In addition to studying differences in time needed to complete discussions between attending and resident physicians using these two different styles, we will also explore the following hypotheses: 1) More interruptions with traditional OCP style versus AO; 2) More clarification questions are asked when the

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resident physician (RP) is interrupted vs the AP (attending physician) in AO presentation; 3) more clarification questions are asked when the RP is interrupted vs the AP in the T presentation 4) There is a significant difference between number of clarification questions asked when the RP is interruptued vs the AP, regardless as to whether it was AO or T style of presentation; 5) less didactic moments will occur when the RP is interrupted vs the AP in AO presentation; 6) Less didactic moments will occur when the RP is interrupted vs the AP in the T presentation 7) There is a significant difference between number of didactic moments that occurred when the RP is interrupted vs the AP, regardless as to whether it was AO or T style presentation .

M e t h o d s

Attending physicians will be followed on certain shifts for a period of four hours by one of the research team members . Each time that a resident presents an initial oral case presentation, the research team member will record the conversation on an electronic recording device held between the attending and the resident . The oral case presentation will never take place in the vicinity of the patient, but at the doctors' station away from the patient rooms . After the presentation is complete, the research team member will hand the attending a brief response form to complete regarding the case presentation that they just heard . The attending will be asked to complete and return this form before completing any other tasks . After seeing a patient for which an oral case presentation was recorded the attending will be handed another response form to complete . The attending will then immediately return this feedback form to the research team member . This will be repeated for all patients seen by the attending physician during the four hour study period .

The resident physician will be recorded giving initial oral case presentations to the attending physician . A research team member will hold an electronic recording device between the resident and the attending physician . After the presentation is complete, the research team member will hand the resident a brief response form to complete regarding the case presentation that they just gave . The resident ill be asked to complete and return this form before they complete any other tasks . This will be repeated for all patients the resident presents during their shift so long as there is a research team member present .

All attending and resident physicians involved in the study will be asked to attend one or two brief orientation sessions to introduce and familiarize them with the new oral case presentation method .

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA


Weekly (5 hr) Residency Educational conferences; if abstract accepted at a national meeting, student will be provided funding to attend the meeting .


M e n t o r : Willard Sharp, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Emergency MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-0979E m a i l : wsharp@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 70956


Systemic and Cellular Effects of Hypoxia


Our lab is interested in the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury particularly in the context of cardiac arrest and myocardial infarction . Currently we are studying the role of altered cellular energetics and mitochondrial dynamics in this setting in an effort to develop enhanced cellular protective therapeutics .

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Examples of possible projects are:

1 . The effect of hypercarbia/altered pH on cardiomyocyte cell injury, mitochondrial energetics/dynamics .

2 . The effects of mild hypothermia on mitochondrial fission/fusion proteins .

3 . Alteretions in autophagy in response to mild hypothermia following cardiac arrest .

M e t h o d s

Methods used will depend on the projects chosen . We utilize a perfusion chamber mounted on a microscope for real time imaging of cells undergoing ischemia/reperfusion and a hypoxia chamber for biochemical and molecular interventions on isolated cells .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Graph Pad Prism


If the student gets an abstract accepted at a national meeting, travel funds are available .



M e d i c i n e — E n d o c r i n o l o g y, D i a b e t e s & M e t a b o l i s m

M e n t o r : John Ancsin, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1661E m a i l : jancsin@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Louis PhilipsonA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : lphilip@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Peripheral Blood Monocytes as a Biomarker Platform for the Early Detection of Insulin Resistance and the Assessment of Incretin-Based Treatments for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus


Insulin resistance refers to the diminished capacity of tissues to respond to insulin and is typically associated with chronic hyperinsulinemia . This pathological condition can go undetected for many years before loss of pancreatic function and type-2 diabetes mellitus is diagnosed . Besides being a significant risk factor for developing diabetes, insulin resistance has also been linked to many other diseases including, cancer, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease . Hence the early identification and treatment of insulin resistance in patients would have great preventive value .

An exciting new class of anti-diabetes drugs has recently emerged that potentiate the activity of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone that can stimulate insulin secretion in a glucose-concentration dependent manner . Some of these agents have also been reported to improve systemic insulin sensitivity . GLP-1 acts through its G-protein coupled cell surface receptor (GLP-1R), which is found on beta-cells of the pancreas and a number of other cell-types, including monocytes and macrophages . What role GLP-1R plays in the monocyte-macrophage system is currently unknown . While incretin-based treatments show great therapeutic promise, they can lose efficacy over time in a significant number of patients . We and other have postulated that this is caused, at least in part by the downregulation of GLP-1R in patients .

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In this project we would like to explore the potential of peripheral blood monocytes to provide a convenient diagnostic platform for, 1) the detection of insulin resistance and, 2) the detection of changes in GLP-1R expression associated with diabetes and incretin-based treatments . The long term goal is to develop two simple blood tests, one to diagnose insulin resistance and the other to assess incretin-based treatment responses to aid in the individualizing of treatment regimens for patients .


1 . Establish if changes in peripheral blood monocyte insulin receptor and GLP-1R expression levels can be used to detect systemic insulin resistance and diabetes .

2 . Determine if incretin-based treatments can influence the expression levels of GLP-1R in peripheral blood monocytes .

M e t h o d s

Cell culture assays, isolation of peripheral blood monocytes, quantitative western blot analysis, cholesteryl es-ter hydrolase assays, thin layer chromatography, determination, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy .



Student will participate in lab meetings and attend seminars presented by the Department of Medicine in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism .


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Blood, Diabetes

M e n t o r : John Ancsin, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1661E m a i l : jancsin@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Louis PhilipsonA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : lphilip@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Serum Amyloid A Regulation of Macrophage Cholesterol Metabolism


Macrophages during inflammation can ingest large amounts of cholesterol by the phagocytotic clearance of oxidized lipoproteins and cell membranes rich in cholesterol . This ingested cholesterol is rapidly converted into cholesteryl esters (CE) and stored in cytoplasmic lipid droplets . The accumulation of CE can transform macrophages into pro-inflammatory foam cells and promote atherosclerosis . We have shown in previous studies that the acute-phase protein, serum amyloid A (SAA) can mobilize CE within macrophage making it available for retrieval by high density lipoprotein (HDL) for delivery to the liver (reverse cholesterol transport) or to circulating LDL . SAA is an evolutionarily conserved (echinoderms to mammals) defense protein of the innate immune system that may function to conserve cholesterol pools following severe injury for use in the repair process .

Much remains to be learned about SAA . Its association with HDL increases the lipoproteins binding affinity for macrophages and appears to be dependent on cell surface heparin sulfate . SAA is internalized by macrophages and modulates the activities of the acyl-CoA:cholestol acyltransferase (ACAT) and neutral cho-lesteryl ester hydrolase (nCEH), which then drives the conversion of stored cholesteryl esters into free cholesterol . These activities of SAA have been mapped to two separate peptide domains that can reverse the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mice

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mand are the focus of a translational research program to develop to anti-atherosclerosis agents .


1 . Characterize the macrophage targeting interactions between SAA and macrophages .

2 . Determine if SAA shows a preference in binding for cholesterol loaded macrophages/foam cells .

M e t h o d s

Purification of protein/peptides, peptide design, preparation of liposomes, cell culture work, binding affinity analysis, mouse surgery-splenectomy for in vivo binding assays using FACS analysis to establish cell binding specificity .



Student will participate in lab meetings and attend seminars presented by the Department of Medicine in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism .


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Blood, Heart

M e n t o r : Matthew Brady, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2346E m a i l : mbrady@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 09-337-B


Impact of Bariatric Surgery On Insulin Sensitivity In Human Fat Biopsies


A growing number of people in the United States are overweight . The increase in amount of body fat can lead to the development of other diseases such as type 2 diabetes . Unfortunately, it is usually very difficult for humans to maintain significant weight loss through alterations in diet and increased exercise, and weight loss promoting drugs can have dangerous side effects . In the past decade, the surgical reduction of stomach size (bariatric surgery) has become an increasingly popular option to promote weight loss, with over 200,000 surgical procedures being performed in 2009 in the United States . Bariatric surgery routinely results in long term weight loss of between 30-50% and greatly decreases the risk of developing diseases such as diabetes . Interestingly, bariatric surgery also has immediate beneficial effects in patients, allowing many of them to reduce the amount of their medications within two weeks of surgery, before significant weight reduction has occurred . The way in which bariatric surgery rapidly improves patient health independently of weight loss is not currently understood, but improved fat cell function could play a role . The goal of this project is to remove little pieces of fat from patients 2 weeks before undergoing bariatric surgery and two weeks after the surgery . Fat cell function will then be determined and directly compared in the same patients, before and after surgery . Any improvements in fat cell function will then also be compared to changes in the patients’ health in the two weeks following surgery .


To test the hypothesis that bariatric surgical procedures in humans rapidly improves insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue before significant long term weight loss has occurred .

M e t h o d s

Subcutaneous periumbilical fat biopsies will be obtained from research volunteers approximately two weeks prior and two weeks after bariatric surgery . Primary adipocytes will be prepared by collagenase digestion and floatation

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centrifugation . Insulin sensitivity will be determined by performing insulin dose response curves and analyzing samples by phospho-specific immunoblotting and potentially metabolic assays . In parallel, mRNA will be prepared for microarray analysis of gene changes induced by bariatric surgery .



Adipocyte Biology Group meetings, weekly Endocrinology Clinical Case presentations

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Sciences

N I H M i s s i o n : Diabetes

M e n t o r : Ronald Cohen, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-1012E m a i l : roncohen@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 70984


Obesity predisposes to the development of Type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders, and the adipocyte is now understood to be an active endocrine cell . However, the mechanisms regulating adipocyte differentiation and function are still unclear . Our lab investigates the role of the nuclear protein SMRT (silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors) in the adipocyte . Previous work has shown that SMRT +/- mice exhibit increased adiposity compared to control mice when fed a high-fat diet . Ongoing work evaluates the role of SMRT in adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity .


To define the role of SMRT in adipocyte differentiation and function

M e t h o d s

Mouse handling, Western blot, PCR, RT-PCR, Oil Red O staining, lipolysis assays

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : No Statistical Software Needed


Endocrinology Research Seminars, Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition Seminar Series, Lab Meetings, Other Conferences



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mM e n t o r : Siri Atma Greeley, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 795-4454E m a i l : sgreeley@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Graeme BellI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 6858


Genetics of Neonatal Diabetes


The overall goal of the Bell/Philipson/Greeley program has been to elucidate all aspects of monogenic diabetes, including diagnosis, natural history and treatment . A recent focus has been to clarify the likely monogenic determinants of early onset diabetes, such as our discovery of heterozygous mutations in the insulin gene as the second most common cause of permanent neonatal diabetes (defined as treatment-requiring diabetes diagnosed under 6 months of age) . Although many genes have now been discovered, approximately 40% of cases continue to have no known genetic cause .


To identify genes that cause neonatal diabetes mellitus

M e t h o d s

DNA isolation from saliva and/or blood samples; sequencing of candidate genes; analysis of sequence for detection of disease-causing variants; analysis and interpretation of exome/genome sequence data and validation with traditional M e t h o d s



Lab meetings; weekly “Endorama” clinical endocrinology case conferences; Endocrinology Research Seminars; Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition Seminar Series; Other relevant research seminars per the interest of the student



M e n t o r : Siri Atma Greeley, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 795-4454E m a i l : sgreeley@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Louis PhilipsonI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15617B


The Natural History and Treatment of Monogenic Diabetes


The overall goal of the Bell/Philipson/Greeley program has been to elucidate all aspects of monogenic diabetes, including diagnosis, natural history and treatment . We established the first national registry of patients diagnosed with neonatal diabetes under a year of age and recently began including cases diagnosed later in life with features

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suggestive of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), with total enrollment now over 1200 subjects (http://MonogenicDiabetes .org) . Identification of mutations in any of over 20 genes now known to cause monogenic diabetes can lead to significantly improved treatment of disease as well as critically important information on prognosis and recurrence risk for family members . By linking comprehensive sequence data to to detailed clinical phenotypic information, our research will expand knowledge about all forms of monogenic diabetes for the benefit of patients, families and clinicians .


To clarify genotype/phenotype associations in monogenic diabetes

M e t h o d s

Analysis of sequence data for detection of disease-causing variants; collection and interpretation of database of clinical information, including family histories and pedigree construction, past medical history and history of diabetes treatment . Analysis of data to answer questions regarding natural history and treatment in relation to specific genotypes . For example, what fraction of patients with mutations in various genes can be successfully treated with oral medications instead of insulin?



Lab meetings; weekly “Endorama” clinical endocrinology case conferences; Endocrinology Research Seminars; Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition Seminar Series; Other relevant research seminars per the interest of the student



M e n t o r : Roy E . Weiss, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Endocrinology, Diabetes & MetabolismTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-9266E m a i l : rweiss@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Samuel RefetoffA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : srefetof@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10696B70894


Molecular Causes of Thyroid Disease


The Thyroid Study Unit receives samples from all over the world from patients with abnormal thyroid tests . The syndrome of Resistance to Thyroid hormone in which there is decreased tissue sensitivity to thyroid hormone was described in our laboratory as well as the molecular basis for this condition, namely mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRb) . However 15% of patients with a phenotype of resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) do not have mutation in the TRb . The main goal of this project is to determine the candidate genes and determine the molecular basis of the defect in these families with an RTH phenotype in the absence of an abnormal TRb . The approach to these families is to understand the thyroid phenotype by studying them in the clinical research center where we determine the responsivity of various tissues to thyroid hormone in an attempt to identify other candidate genes that may be involved in the disease . Due to the large volume of patients referred from all over the world we are able to have a supply of interesting clinical material that requires the detection of the molecular cause . Techniques described below in addition to large scale genetic analyses of populations aid in the discovery of these genes .

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To determine the molecular basis of inherited thyroid disease in humans

M e t h o d s

Isolation of DNA from patients with thyroid disease; DNA sequencing; genetic linkage analysis; phenotyping of humans with thyroid disease in the clinical research center; tissue culture



Required: Twice weekly laboratory meetings Tuesdays 4-6PM; Fridays 10-12Noon .; Optional: Endocrine Clinical Rounds Thursday 4:30-6:00PM and Research Seminar Mondays 5-6PM



M e d i c i n e — G a s t r o e n t e r o l o g y, H e p a t o l o g y, a n d N u t r i t i o n

M e n t o r : Bruce Marc Bissonnette, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 795-0833E m a i l : mbissonn@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Dr . Reba MustafiA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : rmustafi@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 74571350


Role of Adam17 In Western Diet Induced Hyperproliferation of Colonic Crypt Cells


ADAM17 is a member of the “a desintegrin and metalloprotease” family . This protease is the major ADAM member responsible for releasing TGF-alpha, amphiregulin,and heparin-binding EGF and other ligands that activate EGF receptors . ADAM17 LoxP mice have a conditional deletion of ADAM17 . We are preparing to delete ADAM 17 by mating these mice to mice expressing Cre recombinase under a promoter regulated by villin and to measure the effects of diet on the proliferation and EGFR ligand abundance in the mouse colonic epithelium . If this deletion inhibits proliferation it would suggest that ADAM17 might be a good target for colon cancer chemoprevention We also now have a specific ADAM17 inhibitor INCB3619 that can be tested on these mice .


1 . To assess the effects of pharmacological blockade of ADAM17 activity on colonic mucosal EGFR activation in response to Western diet .

2 . To study in cell culture the effects of tumor-promoting Western dietary fatty acids such as linoleic acid and tumor-inhibiting fish oil derived fatty acids such as DHA on ADAM17 activity and lipid raft localization .

M e t h o d s

1 . Animal dietary feeding studies with Western diet alone or diet containing INCB3619 followed by mouse sacrifice after 4wks and measurement of EGFR signals in mouse colon

2 . In vitro studies in colon cancer cells incubated with linoleic acid or DHA . Following incubation we will prepare lipid rafts and measure ADAM17 expression and activity

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S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Excel


Weekly lab meetings, GI research conference, GI clinical conference, GI liver and inflammatory bowel disease pathology conferences, GI journal club . Students are also encouraged to attend other seminars available during the summer .


N I H M i s s i o n : Digestive Diseases

M e n t o r : David Boone, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3823E m a i l : dboone@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71661, Exempt


Gastric Control of Intestinal Function


Gastrokine-1 is a protein produced by the mucus secreting cells of the stomach . We have found that this protein is required to protect the distal regions of the gut (the colon) from colitis . How this process is mediated is not clear . Specifically, it is not clear how a protein produced by mucus cells of the stomach can reach cells of the colon to have this effect . Three possible explanation for this effect are : (1) gastrokine-1 is not digested and traverses the length of the gut in the lumen to act on cells in the colon; (2) gastrokine-1 is released into the blood stream to circulate and act on cells of the colon; or (3) gastrokine-1 is produced locally in the colon under conditions of inflammation . Our hypothesis is that gastrokine-1 is not degraded and traverses the length of the colon to act on intestinal epithelial cells and protect against IBD . To test this we will assess the ability of gastrokine-1 to withstand proteolysis in vitro and in vivo .


Assess the ability of orally administered gastrokine-1 to ameliorate IBD . Assess the stability of gastrokine-1 exposed to pancreatic enzymes . Assess the stability of gastrokine-1 within the GI tract .

M e t h o d s

Administer recombinant gastrokine-1 by mouth to gastrokine-1 knockout mice and test the ability to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease . Determine gastrokine-1 stability in vitro and in vivo by western blotting . Examine gastrokine-1 expression in inflamed colon by PCR . Examine gastrokine-1 levels in circulation by ELISA .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Graphpad prism


Weekly GI research conference . Digestive Diseases Week, Orlando FL, 2013



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onM e n t o r : Eugene Chang, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2283E m a i l : echang@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Ketrija TouwA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : ktouw@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 72101


Microbiome and Gastrointestinal Motility


Microbiome plays an important role in maintaining healthy gastrointestinal function . Alterations in microbial populations are associated with many disease states . This study will elucidate the host-microbe interactions . The hypothesis to be tested is that there is a dynamic bi-directional relationship between enteric microbes and intestinal motility . Understanding this relationship is fundamental to many clinical disorders including irritable bowel syndrome, diabetic enteropathy and inflammatory bowel diseases . This relationship can be studied by using animal and in vitro models .


Aim 1 . Examine the effects of motility agents on structure and function of enteric microbes .

Aim 2 . Examine the effects of specific microbial strains on gut motility .

M e t h o d s

For Aim 1 we will use pro-kinetic and anti-kinetic pharmacological agents in mouse models to determine the consequences of altered motility on small and large bowel microbes . Microbial structure (who is there?) will be determined by 16S rRNA gene analysis . Microbial function will be examined by functional assays recently developed in the laboratory .

or Aim 2 the effects of specific microbial strains on gut motility will be studied by colonizing germ-free mice with different bacterial strains . This will be performed in our gnotobiotic mouse facility . Intestinal transit time and motor function will be assessed by using in vivo peristalsis measurement approach . In addition, PCR, Western blot and gene expression assay of smooth muscle will be determined .



Weekly lab meeting, bi-weekly journal club, clinical GI research conference



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M e n t o r : Eugene Chang, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6458E m a i l : echang@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Vanessa LeoneA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : vleone@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 58771P r o j e c t T i t l e

Diet, Microbiome, and Disease


Human diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have dramatically increased over the past 50 years . Genetic drift alone cannot account for this shift, and evidence suggests that environmental factors, such as diet, play a significant role in leading to increased disease development . It has been well established that diet can have a profound impact on the enteric microbial population, while the enteric microbial community has been implicated in the progression of the aforementioned diseases . Together, this suggests that the enteric microbial community can be considered more or less immunogenic and its immunogenic state is dependent upon host dietary intake . It is unclear whether or not dietary manipulations and/or dietary interventions can be utilized to restore microbial communities to a reduced immunogenic state, thereby reducing development and alleviating symptoms of inflammatory diseases such as IBD . However, we hypothesize that the addition of dietary supplements with known anti-inflammatory properties will result in re-shaping the enteric microbiota from a highly immunogenic state to one with reduced immunogenicity in the context of IBD, leading to reduced levels of inflammation associated with disease .


Utilizing the well-characterized model of IBD, the IL-10 knock-out mouse, the specific aims of this project are 1 .) To induce a highly immunogenic microbial community in the IL-10 KO mouse through the feeding of a high fat diet . 2 .) To determine if the incorporation of 1% dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in the presence of high fat diet restores the microbial population to that seen in control-fed animals . 3 .) To determine if dietary CLA supplementation in the presence of high fat diet reduces high fat diet induced microbial immunogenicity both in vivo as well as in vitro .

M e t h o d s

To test our hypothesis, we will feed high fat diets with and without the addition of the dietary supplement conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a group of fatty acids with well-characterized host anti-inflammatory properties, to 6-8 week old IL-10 KO mice . To determine the impact of dietary supplementation of CLA on the microbiota, microbial 16s rRNA profiles of both feces and cecal contents from control and CLA-fed animals will be analyzed via clone libraries . At the termination of the experiment, cecal lysates will be collected and an in vitro immunogenicity assay utilizing splenic-derived dendritic cells (DC) will be performed to determine the amount of DC-derived IL-12 (a marker for immunogenicity) produced via Enzyme Linked Immunosorbet Assay (ELISA) . Proximal and distal colon will be collected for histological examination . Host tissue cytokine expression will be determined via ELISA, and intracellular cytokines will be analyzed via flow cytometric analysis .



N I H M i s s i o n : Diabetes, Digestive Diseases

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onM e n t o r : Stephen Hanauer, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1466E m a i l : shanauer@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Clinical Outcomes In Inflammatory Bowel Disease


Utilization of Clinical Databases to review therapeutic outcomes in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease .


Review evolving phenotypic patterns of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis

Review therapeutic outcomes according to disease phenotype and therapy

M e t h o d s

Database and chart review .



Introduction to Patient Oriented Research



M e n t o r : John Kwon, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5935E m a i l : jkwon@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Characterization of Long Noncoding Rnas In Intestinal Tissues and Inflammatory Bowel Disease


The gastrointestinal tract has region-specific functions that are reflected in differences in gene expression . Dysregulation of gene expression has been associated with multiple intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) . Gene expression is controlled by multiple regulatory mechanisms . In particular, significant evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences in associated mRNA molecules, leading to mRNA degradation or translational inhibition . My laboratory has previously demonstrated that these microRNAs are differentially expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and in IBD . However, microRNAs make up only one subclass of non-coding RNAs . In particular, long non-coding RNAs, RNA transcripts defined as transcripts greater than 200 bases and containing noncanonical poly-adenylation sequences, have been shown to also be differentially expressed in tissues and play a role in regulating physiologic functions . The examination of the expression of long non-coding RNAs has not been pursued in intestinal tissues and IBD . The identification of distinct long non-coding RNAs in intestinal tissues will give rise to a greater understanding of their role in gastrointestinal function and disease .


We hypothesize that long non-coding RNAs are differentially expressed in intestinal regions and play a role in

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intestinal function . We will study this hypothesis in two aims . First, we will characterize the long non-coding RNA expression in different colon and small intestinal regions . Second, we will determine which long non-coding RNAs are expressed in intestinal epithelial cells and whether these long non-coding RNAs are localized to the nucleus or cytoplasm and influence cellular function .

M e t h o d s

Techniques to be performed include gene microarray, RTPCR, intestinal epithelial cell culture, cell transfections and cell proliferation and apoptosis assays .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Prizm


Successful completion of the project and positive results may be presented at the Digestive and Diseases Week, the annual meeting for the American Gastrointestinal Association .



M e n t o r : Yan Chun Li, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2477E m a i l : cyan@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71525


Vitamin D Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease


Vitamin D deficiency is common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the major inflammatory GI disorder in humans . Epidemiological evidence has revealed an inverse correlation between the vitamin D status and disease severity of IBD, but it remains to be determined whether vitamin D-deficiency is causative for IBD . In colonic biopsies of IBD patients we found that VDR levels are markedly decreased in the lesion . We also found that transgenic mice that overexpress VDR in the colonic epithelium are highly resistant to experimental colitis . With this background, now the key question is whether vitamin D has therapeutic activity in IBD . So the main goal of this project is to test the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplement in experimental IBD models .


To determine whether nutritional vitamin D supplementation is able to ameliorate IBD in experimental mouse models of ulcerative colitis .

M e t h o d s

Wild-type and VDR transgenic mice will be induced to colitis . These mice will be fed regular or vitamin D-supplemented diet for a few weeks . The disease severity will be assessed . The colon will be subject to cellular, molecular and biochemical analyses .



Weekly lab meeting; weekly GI research seminar; potentially Digestive Disease Week (DDW)



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M e n t o r : Yan Chun Li, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2477E m a i l : cyan@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71525


Does Vitamin D Regulate Cholesterol Metabolism?


Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), which is the precursor for cholesterol synthesis . The conversion of 7-DHC to vitamin D is catalyzed by sunlight, whereas the conversion of 7-DHC to cholesterol is catalyzed by 7-DHC reductase . Since 7-DHC is the common precursor for vitamin D and cholesterol synthesis, the relationship between vitamin D and cholesterol metabolism is intriguing but unknown . Most recent genome wide association studies identified an association of genetic variants in 7-DHC reductase gene with vitamin D-deficiency, suggesting an important role of this enzyme in vitamin D metabolism . On the other hand, our recent studies demonstrated that mice carrying genetic deletion in the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR knockout mice) exhibited decreased cholesterol levels while maintaining an elevated vitamin D concentration . This observation leads to an hypothesis that vitamin D may maintain cholesterol homeostasis by up-regulating 7-DHC reductase . Accordingly, when VDR is deleted, 7-DHC reductase is reduced leading to low cholesterol levels but high vitamin D levels . This project will test this hypothesis .


To assess whether vitamin D influences cholesterol metabolism by up-regulating 7-DHC reductase .

M e t h o d s

This project will employ molecular, cellular and biochemical methods . The expression and activity of 7-DHC reductase will be assessed in VDR-null mice . The regulation of 7-DHC reductase by vitamin D will be investigated in cell culture system .



Weekly lab meeting; weekly GI research seminar; potentially American heart Association (AHA) meeting


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging Heart

M e d i c i n e — G e n e r a l I n t e r n a l M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : Vineet Arora, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-8157E m a i l : varora@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Paul StaisiunasA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : pstaisiu@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16685B


Development and Implementation of A Quality Improvement Intervention To Improve Sleep Duration and Quality Amongst Hospitalized Older Adults

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This project will build upon prior work that has explored the effects of inpatient sleep on health outcomes of seniors (e .g . increased morning blood pressure levels and mood) to inform a staff based, educational intervention to improve the quality of inpatient sleep .


To characterize the association between inpatient sleep quality and health outcomes (e .g . increased blood pressure) in seniors . The overall goal is to design and implement a staff intervention to improve the quality of inpatient sleep and thus decrease these negative outcomes .

M e t h o d s

Eligible patients will be identified for participation using the Hospitalist Project infrastructure . The student will consent the patient, conduct daily interviews and abstract patient charts . Sleep quality will be measured using wrist actigraphy monitors and surveys . Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitors will be used to capture overnight blood pressure levels and morning surge of blood pressure . Portable sound meters will also be used to measure overnight noise levels in patient rooms . The student will analyze these subjective and objective methods to identify the particular hospital disruptions to target for the intervention .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, MRVIEW, Epic


Outcomes Research Workshop, Sleep Lab Meetings, START (Scholar in Translational Aging Research Training) . Presentations at regional and national meetings are also possible .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences Social Sciences Medical Education Quality/Safety

N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Blood, Diabetes, Heart

M e n t o r : Arshiya Baig, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-4760E m a i l : abaig@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-526-A


Picture Good Health (Imaginate Una Buena Salud)


Mexican-Americans have high rates of diabetes diagnoses and diabetes-related mortality . South Lawndale, a neighborhood of Chicago that is majority Mexican-American, has higher rates of diabetes-related mortality compared to the rest of the city and the nation . We are partnering with two churches in piloting a church-based diabetes self-management intervention in South Lawndale, also known as Little Village, and assess its effect on diabetes outcomes .


1 . To test a pilot intervention that is culturally tailored and church-based to improve diabetes outcomes among predominantly low-income Mexican-American immigrants with diabetes .

2 . To assess participant satisfaction with the peer-led, church-based intervention .

M e t h o d s

We are piloting a diabetes intervention in two churches in Little Village . We are enrolling people with diabetes from churches in Little Village . We are collecting laboratory data, physical measures (e .g . blood pressure, weight), and survey/interview data at baseline, 3 months and 6 months follow-up .

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At the 6 month-follow-up, participants will be giving formal feedback (quantitative and qualitative) on the intervention . We will be analyzing the feedback to report participant satisfaction with a church-based peer-led intervention and use the data to improve the program . We will be using a variety of quantitative and qualitative techniques to analyze the data .

Students will be assisting with the analysis of the 6 month evaluation data and writing up their findings . Students who are bilingual in English/Spanish may also assist in collecting the 6 month follow-up data from our research participants .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Hyperresearch


We have weekly diabetes research meetings and research in progress talks . Students will also have weekly one-on-one meetings with the primary mentor .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Community Health


M e n t o r : Farr Curlin, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9178E m a i l : fcurlin@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 09-034 (SSA)


Studying Religion-Associated Differences in Physicians’ Clinical Practices, in Multiple Clinical Domains


Dr . Curlin is Co-Director of the Program on Medicine and Religion (pmr .uchicago .edu) . His empirical research studies religion-associated variations in physicians’ clinical practices . By summer, 2012, he and colleagues will have recently completed data collection on four large national surveys of physicians . The first focuses on variations in practices related to primary care mental and behavioral health concerns, the second on variations in practices related to decision-making in advanced illness and end of life care, the third on the doctor-patient relationship and characteristics of the virtuous physician, and the fourth on the moral and professional formation of medical students .


Students will have the opportunity to work with Dr . Curlin and his colleagues to pick a specific research question that is amenable to study using the expansive data from these national surveys . They will analyze variations in doctors’ attitudes and practices related to a focused clinical or theoretical area, and how those variations are accounted for by physician characteristics, including religious affiliation and practice . It is expected that students will keep regular hours during the course of the summer (excepting brief absences) .

M e t h o d s

Analysis of largely categorical data from national physician surveys . Students will spend their spring elective refining the research question and completing a thorough literature review . The product of the spring elective will be an annotated bibliography, an outline of the paper to be drafted from the analyses, and a set of shell tables that anticipate the results of the analyses that will be done . During the first part of the summer, the students will learn how to do the requisite analyses using STATA software . They will then iteratively work at completing the analyses and writing up their results . A co-authored paper ready for publication is an expected outcome of this summer experience . It is expected that students will keep regular hours during the course of the summer (excepting brief absences) .


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Students will participate in Dr . Curlin’s weekly lab meeting, and will have the opportunity to attend training sessions to learn STATA statistical software, to attend the weekly Outcomes Research Workshop, and to attend select lectures in the Summer Program for Outcomes Research Training and the MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics Summer Intensive .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences, Medical Education


M e n t o r : Susan Hong, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-5925E m a i l : shong1@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Trends In Weight Loss Among Breast Cancer Survivors


Assess trends in weight loss among breast cancer survivors seen in the survivorship clinic at UCMC .


Obesity and excess weight gain after breast cancer treatment has been linked to lower rates of cancer survival . This study aims to compare changes in weights observed for women seen in the breast cancer survivorship clinic who are overweight and at least 2 years out from their initial cancer diagnosis and treatment versus women who have not been seen in the survivorship clinic .

M e t h o d s

Approximately 200 women currently being followed in the survivorship clinic (i .e . cases) will be matched to “controls” in a 2:1 pairing where controls will be matched to cases based on age, BMI, cancer stage, treatment received, education and presence or absence of diabetes and hypertension .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Access to EpiCore


Yes


M e n t o r : Elbert Huang, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9143E m a i l : ehuang@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Priya JohnA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : pjohn@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11-0045


Personalized Decision Support For Older Patients With Diabetes

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Patients over 65 years of age represent over 40 percent of patients living with diabetes .1 Despite their significant presence, it remains unclear whether diabetes care goals (e .g ., glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) <7%) developed for the general population of diabetes patients are appropriate for all older patients . Older diabetes patients are highly heterogeneous in terms of functional status, comorbidities and life expectancy . These differences may alter the risks, benefits, and importance of achieving diabetes care goals .

To account for these important clinical differences, the American Diabetes Association and other medical organizations have endorsed the concept of individualizing care for older diabetes patients . In 2003, the first geriatric diabetes care guidelines were published that encouraged older patients and their providers to consider less intensive glucose control goals (HbA1C <8%) among frail, older patients with limited life expectancy, while continuing to pursue intensive glucose control (HbA1C <7%) among relatively healthy older patients . The guidelines also emphasized the importance of cardiovascular prevention, encouraged routine screening for geriatric syndromes that can influence treatment decisions (i .e ., polypharmacy and falls), and advised providers to acknowledge patients’ preferences when making treatment decisions .

These guidelines represent a conceptual advance in the care of older diabetes patients; however, there has been little effort to implement and evaluate these recommendations in a practice setting . This may be partially due to the fact that many of the recommendations are difficult to carry out in busy clinical practices without sophisticated decision support tools . Determining whether an older patient will benefit from intensive glucose control is a complex cognitive task requiring simultaneous consideration of multiple, sometimes contradictory, clinical criteria (e .g . advanced duration of diabetes and limited life expectancy) . Completing this task accurately may only be possible with computer simulation models . Along with this barrier to implementing care guidelines, there is also no consensus on how to elicit patient preferences in the setting of chronic disease management or how to account for these views in the decision-making process .

To overcome these challenges, we propose to develop a web-based Geriatric Diabetes Decision Aid (GDDA) which will combine a decision analytic model of diabetes complications with the latest prognostic tools from geriatrics . This personalized decision support tool will encourage the individualization of diabetes care among older patients by educating patients on diabetes, delivering prognostic information to providers, providing personalized data on the risks and benefits of diabetes care to patients and providers, and eliciting the treatment preferences of patients . In this proposed set of studies, we will develop the GDDA with the input of patients and providers and assess its impact in a pilot study .


With a pre-post pilot study of the GDDA with 10 providers and 75 older patients with diabetes, we will:

1 . Assess the feasibility of using a web-based personalized decision support tool for older diabetes patients in clinical practice; and

2 . Determine the impact of web-based personalized decision support on:

a . Patient awareness of treatment goal options and ability to articulate their goals of diabetes care .

b . Provider awareness of patients’ clinical status (e .g . life expectancy) and treatment preferences .

c . Individualization of care plans in accordance with geriatric diabetes guidelines .

M e t h o d s

The pilot study will be a four week pre-post study of the GDDA . We will enroll English-speaking patients over 65 years of age, living with diabetes, who have a mini-mental status exam score = 20 .59 The study will take place at the University of Chicago clinics . We will approach physicians for their interest in participating in the study . Consenting physicians will be provided with a list of patients over 65 with diabetes who they will see in the next month . Eligible patients will be invited to participate in the study with a letter and follow-up phone call . We plan to recruit 10 physicians and 75 patients (7-8 patients/physician) .

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Results of study may be presented at the annual meetings of the Society for Medical Decision Making, the American Diabetes Association, the American Geriatrics Society, or the Society of General Internal Medicine .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences

N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Diabetes

M e n t o r : Aasim Padela, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6081E m a i l : apadela@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Nadiah Mohajir, MPHA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : nmohajir@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


The Association of Alternative Medicine and Healthcare Seeking Behaviors in the Muslim Community


This project will explore the association between alternative medicine practices and health and healthcare seeking behaviors in the Muslim community .


Students will be part of the multidisciplinary academic-community research team conducting surveys in various mosque, community-center and ethnic bazaar settings . The results of a survey will inform future qualitative studies to further refine our understandings of alternative medicine and its usage within this community .

M e t h o d s

We will be implementing a pilot survey in mosques, community centers and ethnic bazaars in the Greater Chicagoland area, recruiting participants from three subpopulations: African American, South Asian, and Arab . The survey will examine the beliefs and practices with respect to alternative medicine and whether these practices have an impact on seeking traditional healthcare services . . Participants will be asked to participate in a 15-20 minute survey and data will be entered using Microsoft ACCESS and analyzed using STATA .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Microsoft Access


Students will get the opportunity to participate in department research meetings as well as local health disparities conferences such as the Minority Health in the Midwest Conference, depending on their interests .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences, Community Health

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M e n t o r : Aasim Padela, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6081E m a i l : apadela@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Nadiah Mohajir, MPHA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : nmohajir@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : #11-0668-E Pending


Associations Between Breast Cancer Screening Practices & Religious Concepts and Practices in Muslim Americans: A Pilot Study


This project will explore the association between religiosity and breast cancer screening behaviors in the Muslim community .


Students will be part of the multidisciplinary academic-community research team conducting surveys in various mosque, community-center and ethnic bazaar settings . The results of a survey will inform qualitative studies to further understand cancer attitudes and develop a culturally-tailored community intervention to increase breast cancer screening rates within the American Muslim community .

M e t h o d s

We will be conducting a pilot survey in mosques, community centers and ethnic bazaars in the Greater Chicagoland area, recruiting 250 women over the age of 40 from three subpopulations: African American, South Asian, and Arab . The survey will examine the screening rates via mammograms and clinical breast exams in these subpopulations, and whether religiosity, concerns for modesty, and fatalistic attitudes are correlated with breast cancer screening rates . Participants will be asked to participate in a 15-20 minute survey and data will be entered using Microsoft ACCESS and analyzed using STATA .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Microsoft Access


Students will get the opportunity to participate in department research meetings as well as local health disparities conferences such as the Minority Health in the Midwest Conference, depending on their interests .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences, Community Health

M e n t o r : Monica Peek, MD and Marshall Chin, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2083E m a i l : mpeek@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduE m a i l : mchin@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16867B


Improving Diabetes Care and Outcomes on the South Side of Chicago


The University of Chicago is partnering with six clinics and other community organizations to improve diabetes care and outcomes for residents of the South Side . Our multi-factorial intervention incorporates culturally tailored patient activation, cultural competency and communication training for clinicians and clinic redesign with patient advocates,

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quality improvement, care management, and enhanced community partnerships .


Short-term Goals:

Improve processes and outcomes of diabetes care for residents in the predominantly African-American South Side of Chicago by implementing a collaborative model program in six clinics .

Identify the costs of intervention implementation from the business case perspective of the outpatient clinics .

Determine the major barriers and solutions to successfully implementing this regional intervention .

Long-term Goals:

Strengthen a coalition of the University of Chicago, safety net health centers, and community-based organizations in Chicago’s South Side .

Increase awareness of diabetes disparities within the community and empower the community to draw upon its new knowledge, assets, and resources to combat this problem .

M e t h o d s

Chart review, patient survey, provider survey, cost analyses, qualitative interviews of clinic leaders, providers, and staff .


General Internal Medicine Research in Progress Conference, Outcomes Research Workshop, Diabetes Outcomes Research in Progress Conference .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences Social Sciences Community Health Quality/Safety


M e n t o r : Rita Rossi-Foulkes, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—General Internal MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2339E m a i l : rita1@uchicago,eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Kruti AcharyaA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : kacharya@peds .bsd .uchicago,eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Outcomes of Adult Patients with Diabetes After Transitioning from Pediatric to Adult Providers


All children transition from pediatric to adult-centered system of health care, but a successful transition is especially critical for children with special health care needs (SHCN) like diabetes mellitus (DM) . Healthy People 2010 established the goal that all young people with SHCN receive the services needed to make necessary transitions to all aspects of adult life, including health care . However, only 41% of youth with SHCN actually receive necessary transition services . Fragmented health care transition can lead to lapses in receipt of medical care, lapses in obtaining medications, increased hospitalizations and emergency department utilization . For young adults with DM, these consequences can impair their ability to manage their illness and worsen patient outcomes . Factors such as self-management, patient and family resiliency, family support may promote successful transition . Among young adults with DM, there are limited data about the outcomes of health care transition and the factors that promote successful transition .

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1 . To determine frequency that individuals with DM transfer care from pediatric to adult-centered systems without lapse in access to medical care or medications

2 . To describe short-term outcomes of health care transition among young adults aged 18-25 with DM

3 . To determine factors associated with transfer of care from pediatric to adult-centered systems without lapse in access to medical care or in obtaining medications among young adults with DM .

M e t h o d s

Our proposed sample is young adults with DM aged 18-25 previously seen by Pediatric Endocrinologists at UCMC outpatient clinics . This age group has been chosen because this population should have recently transferred care from a pediatric to adult-centered system . We will use a combination of retrospective chart review and patient questionnaires to collect data . The outcome variables of interest include lapses in obtaining medication, lapses in access to medical care (primary care and subspecialty), utilization of the Emergency Department, and hospitalizations . The dependent variables we collect will include zip code of residence, type of health insurance, level of patient self-management and knowledge about their medical condition, and level of family support/ involvement . In order to control for disease severity and control, we will collect data about glycosolated hemoglobin (Hgb A1C) result, type of DM (Type I or II), and duration of DM .

Statistical analyses performed will be descriptive frequencies, chi square and logistic regression .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : SPSS


SGIM, NMPRA, ACOP, AAP, Pediatric Academic Societies, ICAAP and national transition care and QI conferences



M e d i c i n e — G e n e t i c M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : Robert Grossman, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Genetic MedicineE m a i l : robert .grossman@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Bionimbus is a cloud-based system for storing, analyzing and sharing the large amounts of data produced by next generation sequencing devices . Bionimbus is designed not only to store and analyze the data of a single research group but is large enough to include large third party datasets, such as the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), allowing large scale integrative analyses to be easily done . The goal of the project is to further develop Bionimbus .


The specific aims are to: i) to select over 1000 terabytes of additional data to add to Bionimbus; ii) to add the selected data to Bionimbus; iii) to develop new algorithms for the integrative analysis of very large datasets like these; iv) to develop software in order to implement the algorithms in Bionimbus; and v) to apply these algorithms in order to make new discoveries .

M e t h o d s

Bionimbus integrates: elastic clouds, such as those provided by Amazon Web Services; large data clouds, such as used by Google to power search; and specialized clouds, which are beginning to be used for high performance computing .

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With the large amounts of data managed by Bionimbus, new automated algorithms must be developed for integrating and analyzing data that are not as labor intensive as the more manual methods used today to integrate and analyze smaller datasets .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Quality/Safety


M e n t o r : Robert Grossman, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Genetic MedicineE m a i l : robert .grossman@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11-0539 (pending)


High quality basic, translational, and clinical research requires access to phenotypic patient information . The recent implementation of UCMS’s electronic medical record (EMR) has led to an accumulation of a significant volume of patient data potentially useful for phenotyping . Recently, the BSD has developed a Clinical Research Data Warehouse (CRDW) to support clinical research . The purpose of the CRDW is to provide a single, secure, managed release point for human subjects data . The goal of this project is to continue the development of the CRDW and to use the CRDW for large-scale integrative studies .


The specific aims are to: i) to expand the current CRDW by adding additional data and data types; ii) to develop and implement new algorithms for the integrative analysis of the data in the CRDW; and iii) to apply these algorithms in order to make new discoveries using the CRDW .

M e t h o d s

Building data warehouses in general requires a methodology that can process multiple sources of data and transform the data appropriately so that it can be integrated and loaded into a common format . As the amount, complexity, and variety of data grows, this becomes more challenging . Clinical research data warehouses have additional requirements given the security and privacy required when working with data that contains PHI . Recently, several new technologies have been developed for building secure, large scale data warehouses, including what are sometimes called NoSQL databases . We will investigate using these technologies for expanding the current CRDW and for developing new algorithms for extracting information from the CRDW .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Quality/Safety

N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Blood, Diabetes, Heart, Digestive Diseases, Kidneys, Lungs, Neurology

M e d i c i n e — G e r i a t r i c s a n d P a l l i a t i v e M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : Daniel Brauner, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Geriatrics and Palliative MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6985E m a i l : dbrauner@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


The purpose of this project is to uncover the historical path by which the Advance Directive Paradigm developed

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to produce the current fragile autonomy for both patients and physicians . In this paradigm patients are frequently offered therapies that are not expected to help them in the hope that they will refuse them . This project involves an historical exploration of developing technology for care at the end of life, the discourse used to describe this care and the evolution of the decision-making process on how this technology would be applied or not .


To uncover the history of the current Advance Directive Paradigm .

M e t h o d s

Locating and analyzing historical data in the form of primary and secondary sources and writing the narrative of this history .


National meeting: American Association for the History of Medicine, American Society of Bioethics and Humanities, American Geriatrics Society



M e n t o r : Katherine Thompson, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Geriatrics and Palliative MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4990E m a i l : katherine .thompson@uchospitals .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Patricia Rush, MDA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : prush@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-132-AP r o j e c t D e s c r i p t i o n

Frailty is a geriatric syndrome marked by decreased physiologic reserve, loss of function, and increased vulnerability to morbidity and mortality . In the past, frail elders have often been excluded from clinical trials . More information about the frail elderly population is necessary in order for practitioners, patients, and families to make informed decisions about their care, and potentially to slow or reverse the progression of frailty . The application of this evolving body of knowledge has been and will be of profound importance in caring for older adults . The Section of Geriatrics’ outpatient clinic at South Shore has approximately 3000 visits annually . With the volume of patients passing through the South Shore Geriatrics clinic each year, there is a vast opportunity to expand clinical research in a frail elderly population .


Our specific aims include: to characterize the frail and pre-frail elderly population on Chicago's south side, to investigate novel early predictors of frailty development, and to explore potential interventions to slow or halt development of frailty .

M e t h o d s

1 . Perform cognitive and physical functional assessment on patients over the age of 65 .2 . Data entry and analysis using STATA and/or SPSS .



Geriatrics Grand Rounds (weekly)

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Palliative Medicine Grand Rounds (monthly)Medicine Grand Rounds (weekly)Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine Research Meeting (weekly)

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Medical Education, Community Health


M e d i c i n e — H e m a t o l o g y / O n c o l o g y

M e n t o r : Daniel Catenacci, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-7596E m a i l : dcatenac@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16146B, 72035


The Role of Ron Tyrosine Kinase in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma


Evaluation of novel RON R1018G mutation in gastroesophageal cancer


1 . Evaluation of frequency in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers

2 . Evaluation of function of this mutation in gastric and esophageal cell lines

3 . Evaluation of inhibition sensitivity using RON specific inhibition of this mutation compared to wild type RON

M e t h o d s

1 . Laser Capture microdissection of FFPE tissue, DNA extraction and PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing to evaluate for the mutation .\

2 . Cell culture, transfection of mutation clone into various cell lines, analysis of function by oncogenic assays (proliferation, migration) in vitro and take rate, proliferation rate (in vivo) by subcutaneous, tail vein, peritoneal and orthotopic models .

3 . Same as #2 with the addition of various RON inhibitors to evaluate abrogating effects .



Monday Oncology section conference, Tuesday laboratory meetings, and Wednesday laboratory conference .



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Genome-Wide Interrogation of Genetic Signatures for Glucocorticoid Sensitivity


We plan to take a concerted translational effort to elucidate the underlying cause for the inter-individual differences in sensitivity to glucocorticoids (GCs), one of the most commonly used agents in treating inflammatory diseases such as asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and arthritis . Our hypothesis is that a novel genome-wide model developed using International HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) are suitable in identification of genetic polymorphisms as predictors of cellular sensitivity to GCs .


Our specific aims are 1) To develop and refine GC sensitivity phenotypic assays to quantify in vitro GC response and toxicity; 2) To identify genetic polymorphisms that are associated with GC susceptibility phenotypes; 3) To validate candidate genetic variants/genes in patient samples . Our long-term goal is to predict patients “at risk” for adverse events and/or non-response prior to administration of GCs .

M e t h o d s

We have evaluated 5 different glucocorticoid (GC) sensitivity phenotyping assays in the International HapMap cell lines, for which extensive genome-wide genetic, gene expression, microRNA expression data are available . Recently, we have obtained a little over 1,000 de-identified asthma patient phenotypic information after GC treatment that will be used for clinical validation .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Prism GraphPad and R


Pharmacogenetic Research Network (PGRN) annual meeting

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences Clinical Sciences

N I H M i s s i o n : Blood, Digestive Diseases, Lungs

M e n t o r : Vu Nguyen, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2154E m a i l : vnguyen@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Gut Immunity in Graft-Versus-Host Disease Following Stem Cell Transplantation


Our lab is interested in understanding the biology of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and in developing of therapeutic strategies that target tissues affected by GVHD, without compromising microbial and tumor immunity following stem cell transplantation .

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1 . Dissect the host-commensal interaction in the gut which contribute to GVHD induction and propagation

2 . Design strategies to suppress local gut immune responses of GVHD, using tissue-specific regulatory T cells or direct gut delivery of immunosuppressive agents by carrier agents .

M e t h o d s

1 . We will use both genomics approaches to identify subsets of commensals involved in GVHD, and further study their interaction with the host under various conditions, including in germ-free mouse models . Samples from patients enrolled in a clinical trial are analyzed as well .

2 . Generate tissue-specific Treg by lentiviral transduction or via other pharmacologic strategies .


Students are encouraged to submit abstract for presentation at various meeting, including the American Society of Hematology; American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation; and Keystone Symposia .



M e n t o r : Peter ODonnell, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-7564E m a i l : podonnel@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Studying and Validating Pharmacogenomic Findings in Patients


Physicians and patients have become increasingly aware that different individuals often react or respond to medications very differently—even when a medication is being used to treat the same condition . Recent research is showing that there is a genetic explanation for this variation between people--comprising the field of pharmacogenomics . A number of germline genetic variants have been described which confer increased predisposition to serious or rare drug adverse events, or which describe increased chance of drug response/effect . It is likely that clinicians have failed to capitalize on this information adequately, probably because many of these variants are new, and some require further testing/validation . Our lab has developed several clinical studies which attempt to test and validate genetic variants in patients with different diseases, including patients with cancer as well as other diseases .


If clinicians could better predict which individuals are at the greatest risk of experiencing drug-related toxicities or those most likely to benefit, then the overall care of patients could be greatly improved . We are testing this concept in 3 projects:

1 . A study of breast cancer patients receiving the cancer drug capecitabine, to identify and validate pharmacogenomic variants predicting side-effects to this chemotherapy .

2 . A study of bladder cancer patients receiving the chemotherapy drug cisplatin, to determine pharmacogenomic predictors of response in this cancer .

3 . A large study called “The 1200 Patients Project” (http://cpt .uchicago .edu/page/1200-patients-project) which is examining pharmacogenomic variants in patients with any type of disease in a novel pre-emptive testing method where patients are tested once (with a single blood sample) with a broad “drug susceptibility profile” that can then be used by their physicians to make individualized prescribing choices .

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Students would be able to take on a given aspect of one of these 3 projects to describe the patients that are enrolled (through review of medical records), and associate these patients (and their drug and disease outcomes) with the specific genetic information that is being tested . Data analysis of the clinical studies will comprise a large portion of the research project .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Excel; SPSS preferred


Pharmacogenomics of Anticancer Agents Research Group weekly conference .


M e n t o r : Funmi Olopade, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1632E m a i l : folopade@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Molly TurnerA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : mturner3@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Multidiscplinary Research In Cancer Genetics


The Falk Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health sponsors a multidisciplinary program in cancer genetics with special emphasis on breast and colorectal cancer . Students have the opportunity to extend this work at International sites with partners in Nigeria, Cameroon and Uganda .


To identify genomic alterations in cancer progression and identify genetic alterations that contribute to disparate clinical outcomes in breast cancer .

M e t h o d s

Students interested in basic laboratory research will use basic molecular biology techniques embedded within ongoing projects led by senior scientists in the group . For projects in International sites, students have opportunity to conduct field survey of breast cancer .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Epic, or MRView


Monday and Friday Cancer research seminars and weekly Tuesday Meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Global Health

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M e n t o r : Funmi Olopade, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1632E m a i l : folopade@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jeanette ShorterA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jshorter@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 12786B


Evaluation of Parent To offspring Communication of Hereditary Risk Registry (Epoch Registry)


Genetic testing of minors for adult onset disease, in the absence of known effective medical intervention is not currently recommended . Although genetic testing for BRCA1/2 mutations is not routinely offered to children under 18 YO, it remains under debate . Psychosocial and ethical arguments have been made both in support for and against this policy . In addition, minors not eligible for genetic testing are exposed to the concepts of genetic risk and genetic testing, or are aware of their increased familial risk for cancer based on information obtained from family members .

he purpose of this study is to assess the rate of self-reported parental disclosure, the types of information communicated and the mediators and moderators of those disclosures of genetic test results to young adults, teenagers and children among parents who have undergone genetic testing for a BRCA1/2 or HNPCC mutation .


1 . To assess the rate of parental disclosure of their genetic test results to their minor offspring .

2 . To identify biopsychosocial mediators and moderators of parental disclosure, disclosure content and perceived impact of disclosure on offspring .

3 . To evaluate offspring recall of reported parental disclosure of genetic test results, and their cognitive, psychosocial and behavioral responses to that information

M e t h o d s

This will be achieved by asking patients who have completed genetic testing through the University of Chicago Cancer Risk Clinic or the Fox Chase Cancer Center Family Risk Assessment Program to recall their experience with, and opinions regarding, communication of genetic test results to their children . Additionally, we will confirm self-report of parental disclosure by interviewing offspring whose parents have self-reported disclosure of their genetic test results .



Weekly: Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics Multidisciplinary Case Conference and Laboratory Research Meeting

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences

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A Multi-Modality Surveillance Program for Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer


Advances in cancer genetics have identified cancer susceptibility genes (BRCA1/2) that place women at 50 -85% lifetime risk for breast cancer . Current risk reduction options for high-risk women include prophylactic surgery, or heightened surveillance . The optimum surveillance strategy for high risk women is unknown . Studies suggest that MRI might improve early detection of breast cancer . There are, however, concerns with incorporating MRI into standard surveillance practices for high-risk women . While the detection of early cancers may increase with MRI, the number of false positives requiring biopsy and/or follow-up imaging studies may also increase . This may lead to increased medical costs, increased risks of iatrogenic injury, and decreased psychosocial well-being and quality of life . In addition, the studies to date are not mature enough to conclude that newer modalities of surveillance decrease breast cancer mortality among high-risk women . Nonetheless, many high-risk women find surgical and chemopreventive alternatives unacceptable and wish to pursue surveillance strategies . This longitudinal study was designed to address these questions regarding incorporation of screening MRI in a sample of women at high risk for the development of breast cancer .


Primary Objectives:

1 . To establish a registry of women undergoing intensive surveillance for the early detection of breast cancer in high-risk women .

2 . To describe the quality of life and psychological impact of multimodality breast cancer screening in a high-risk population .

Secondary Objectives:

1 . To compare breast MRI and mammogram in a high-risk population .

2 . To establish a patient database of serial patient images to develop imaging markers integrated with biomarkers for breast cancer risk on which to draw for future studies .

M e t h o d s

Participating women at high risk for developing breast cancer will undergo yearly mammograms supplemented with semi-annual MRI, and clinical breast exam . Each participant will complete 5 years of screening plus an additional 5 years of follow-up surveillance . Participants will complete measures of quality of life and psychosocial well-being semi-annually years 1 through 5 . In addition, event-related anxiety will be assessed after each multi-modality screening event and after each recall event for repeat imaging or biopsy to assess anxiety levels related to radiographic or biopsy recall and to assess anxiety over time .

Sensitivity, specificity, and PPV of different imaging modalities will be compared in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and women at high-risk of breast cancer based on a personal or family history and risk prediction models . Frequency of interval cancers in women undergoing surveillance with these imaging modalities will be estimated .

A database of clinical characteristics, results and interventions will be generated . In addition, biological specimens including blood, saliva and urine will be saved for future analysis and hypothesis generation


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Weekly: Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics Case Conference Meeting and Laboratory Research Meeting; Radiology Research Meeting; Interdisciplinary Breast Conference .


M e n t o r : Funmi Olopade, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1632E m a i l : folopade@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Molly TurnerA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : mturner3@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


The Falk Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health sponsors a multidisciplinary program in cancer genetics with special emphasis on breast and colorectal cancer . Students have the opportunity to extend this work at International sites with partners in Nigeria, Cameroon and Uganda .


To identify genomic alterations in cancer progression and identify genetic alterations that contribute to disparate clinical outcomes in breast cancer

M e t h o d s

Students interested in basic laboratory research will use basic molecular biology techniques embedded within ongoing projects led by senior scientists in the group . For projects in International sites, students have opportunity to conduct field survey of breast cancer



Monday and Friday Cancer research seminars and weekly Tuesday Meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Global Health

M e n t o r : Ravi Salgia, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6149E m a i l : rsalgia@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 9571


There is increasing emphasis on the importance of translational research—that is, research which can relate laboratory findings with clinical information to produce meaningful conclusions . One tool which has been developed to promote translational research in the field of thoracic malignancy is the Thoracic Oncology Program Database Project . This database links genomic and proteomic data obtained through DNA sequencing and tissue microarray studies with clinical information obtained about the patients through chart abstraction . The purpose of such a database project is to identify biomarkers which may hold diagnostic or prognostic significance .

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1 . To further develop the database through data abstraction using Epic .2 . To participate in the expansion of the database by collaborating with partnering institutions .3 . Analyzing pooled data to identify trends which may be of significance .4 . To develop laboratory skills (if desired) by working with laboratory technicians to learn PCR, methodology

behind gene sequencing, etc .5 . To learn about the clinical aspects of oncology by shadowing academic oncologists one half day per week .

M e t h o d s

Students are encouraged to work with data curators to obtain data from consented patients . The students are expected to enter this data into a secured database that has been developed for the purposes of this program . Students may then take part in analyzing data as they feel comfortable using software which is available in the laboratory . Students may also take part in developing laboratory skills per their interest . Time allocation will be determined upon interview with the student .

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : SPSS


The summer student is expected to attend the regular lab meetings and weekly journal club meetings . Students are encouraged to attend weekly tumor board conference and the meetings held by the Section of Hematology/Oncology .


N I H M i s s i o n : Lungs

M e n t o r : Blase Polite, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hematology/OncologyE m a i l : bpolite@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Toni Cipriano-SteffensA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : tciprian@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Our primary objective is to form an interdisciplinary colorectal cancer health disparities team, one that would not only include the University of Chicago but would encourage collaboration and new ties across academic institutions within the Chicago area and beyond . This vision is already bringing together a colon cancer disparity program across our academic community that starts at the pre-cancer diagnosis and runs through survivorship care . Over the past several months we have been able to identify our current strengths and potential weaknesses within our specific research areas, which has provided a framework for shaping our methods/procedures of collaboration going forward .

From this we will form a viable interdisciplinary colon cancer health disparities research center at the University whereas anyone coming through our doors who is diagnosed with colon cancer, will be consented once through one global consent which will cover collecting all epidemiological data, biospecimens (including tissue and blood) and all questionnaires . We moved quickly on the ideas generated from our Colorectal Cancer Health Disparities Research Team, successfully creating and receiving IRB approval to use an amended version of the ERRC consent for all colon cancer researchers at the University of Chicago . We are already piloting this process in research work we are doing in collaboration with the University of Illinois at Chicago as part of their P-60 colon cancer patterns of care disparity project . In addition, we are working with Dr . Mark Lingen to establish a tissue and fluid bio-repository catalogued through Esphere and regulated by a governance committee headed jointly by Drs . Polite and Kupfer .

In order to build upon our framework we have set in place, we propose the following specific objectives:

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Specific Objective 1: Expand the centralized uniform recruitment process for all patients with newly diagnosed colon cancer diagnosed or receiving their first course of treatment for colorectal cancer at the University of Chicago .

Specific Objective 2: Link recruited patients with ongoing collaborations with the UIC P-60-Patterns of Colon Cancer Study (Dr . Polite, co-investigator) and the Chicago Colorectal Cancer Consortium (CCCC, Dr . Kupfer, co-investigator) .

Specific Objective 3: Merge data collected from the ERRC, UIC P-60 and CCCC questionnaires with tissue and blood samples stored in the bio-repository core for present and future research queries .

M e t h o d s

Research plan:

All colorectal cancer patients diagnosed or receiving their first course of treatment at the University of Chicago will be eligible for the study . Patients will be identified in three ways: First, as part of an IRB approved process for the UIC P-60 patterns of care study (IRB No .11-0063), every two weeks the GI pathology lab will generate a list of non-consult (i .e ., cases not sent from outside institutions) patients with invasive adenocarcinoma of the colon . The ERRC will be given this list and using EPIC scheduling will determine when the patients are next to be seen at the University of Chicago and will consent them at that patient visit . Second, the ERRC will query the EPIC schedules of the colorectal surgeons and surgical oncologists for new or pre-operative patients with a diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma . These patients will be approached at their surgery visit (IRB approved e-mail consent already given by the surgeons, IRB No .11-0063) by the ERRC and consented using the master ERRC consent . Finally, GI oncology will provide a weekly list of colorectal cancer patients who present with a new diagnosis or first course of treatment to the University of Chicago and these patients will also be consented by the ERRC . We have begun piloting this process in the last 2 months and to date, 12 patients have been consented .

Tissue and Fluid:

Pre-surgical patients who sign the ERRC consent and agree to have their tissue and blood used for research will obtain research related blood samples at their subsequent lab draw and their surgical specimen will be stored in the bio-repository core for research purposes . To determine the impact of the most common forms of hereditary CRC in the AA population, DNA will be extracted using the QiaAmp Tissue Kit® . MSI, KRAS and BRAF analysis will be performed . Protein expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 will be analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA) . To determine the frequency of CRC-susceptibility alleles and elucidate gene-environment interactions as well as impact on treatment response and survival in AA patients in relation to non-CRC controls, SNP genotyping will be performed employing the Sequenom iPLEX assay and performing mass spectrometry, available at the U of C Genetics Core; to genotype candidate SNPs as well as Ancestral Informative Markers (AIMs) . Remaining tissue and fluid will be stored in the bio-repository core for future research purposes . Funding provided under this proposal is only for patient consenting, initial tissue processing, and tissue and fluid storage in the bio-repository core . Funding for the analyses is already covered under a grant held by Dr . Sonia Kupfer (Kupfer, K-08) .

Demographics and Psychosocial Variables:

Patients who sign the ERRC consent and agree to be contacted for future research will be entered into a secure REDCAP database used in collaboration with the University of Illinois at Chicago . Patients will be mailed a letter signed by Dr . Polite and Dr . Garth Raucher at UIC (IRB approved #11-0063) inviting them to participate in the UIC P-60 Patterns of Colon Cancer Study and informing them that they will be paid $100 for their efforts . Patients who agree to participate, will be scheduled for a 90 minute interview which will cover the following major domains including, but not limited to, demographics, family history, epidemiology and and psychosocial scales including measurements of depression, anxiety, loneliness, perceived stress, and coping, including religious coping (shown to be an important element in dealing with disease and sickness in the African American community) . In addition, detailed chart abstraction will be performed to categorize pathology results and capture chemotherapy treatment history .


P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Global Health, Medical Education, Community Health

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M e d i c i n e — H o s p i t a l M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : Dana Edelson, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-2191E m a i l : dperes@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Trevor YuenA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : tyuen@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10148A


Shock High Or Shock Low?: Determining the Ideal Energy Dose for Defibrillation During In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest


Defibrillation is the mainstay of treatment for cardiac arrest of ventricular origin . Current American Heart Association guidelines recommend following the manufacturer’s recommendation for defibrillation energy and delivering a shock between 120J and 200J as soon as possible . However little is known about the ideal defibrillation energy .


To compare the effectiveness of defibrillation shocks at energy levels of 150J versus 200J .

M e t h o d s

Electronic resuscitation transcripts including electrocardiograms, defibrillation data, and chest compression waveforms from a multi-center database will be interrogated and analyzed using a statistical software application to determine the effectiveness of the different energy levels . Multivariate logistic regressions will be used to control for potential confounders .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Event Review Pro


The student would be expected to participate in weekly research group meetings and is encouraged to attend a weekly Research in Progress Conference . Culmination of the work will result in preparation of an abstract for submission to the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions .


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Heart

M e n t o r : Dana Edelson, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-2191E m a i l : dperes@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Trevor YuenA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : tyuen@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


iPad Documentation of In-Hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation


There is a wide variability in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survival rates among hospitals, suggesting variation

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in practice . However, the data on IHCA processes is limited by current collection strategies which generally involve paper based documentation . Times are particularly difficult to capture using this methodology and yet are of critical importance in a setting where every minute is crucial . In conjunction with the American Heart Association, we have developed an iPad application to document resuscitations in real time and wish to conduct a pilot study of it’s implementation .


To compare documentation using an iPad to the standard of care paper record and to compare both methods to the gold standard defibrillator transcript .

M e t h o d s

Resuscitative interventions of in-hospital cardiac arrests will be recorded in real-time on an iPad and compared to those documented by the nurses on hand-written code sheets . The agreement between them will be calculated using a statistical software application (STATA) . In addition, the documentation will be paired up with cardiac arrest transcripts to further evaluate the two methods .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Full Code Pro


The student would be expected to participate in weekly research group meetings and is encouraged to attend a weekly Research in Progress Conference . Culmination of the work will result in preparation of an abstract for submission to the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions and/or the Society of Hospital Medicine annual meeting .



M e n t o r : Dana Edelson, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-2191E m a i l : dperes@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Trevor YuenA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : tyuen@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15723A


Predicting In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Using a Clinical Judgment


Cardiac arrest in the hospital is frequently fatal and yet rarely sudden, presenting the possibility for early intervention if theses events can be properly anticipated . In our prior work, we have developed and tested a quantitative measure of clinician judgment, the Patient Acuity Rating (PAR), and shown that it performs well in interns, residents, attending physicians and midlevel providers . What is not known is how ward nurses, who spend more time with their patients than any of the providers we previously tested, would compare .


To compare the predictive accuracy of PAR scores provided by ward nurses to those of physicians and physician extenders .

M e t h o d s

PAR scores will be obtained electronically from housestaff physicians at signout and from nurses at the end of each shift . Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves will be constructed and compared between providers .

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The student would be expected to participate in weekly research group meetings and is encouraged to attend a weekly Research in Progress Conference . Culmination of the work will result in preparation of an abstract for submission to the Society of Hospital Medicine Annual Meeting .



M e n t o r : Jeanne Farnan, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3401E m a i l : jfarnan@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Shannon Martin/Vineet AroraA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : smartin1@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Impact of Electronic Medical Record On Clinical Oversight of Internal Medicine Trainees


Clinical supervision in internal medicine residency training is currently not well-described and little is known about the impact of “remote” supervision secondary to the implementation of electronic medical records . With the advent of this new level of access, attending physicians may be able to supervise “remotely” and this may impact significantly the dynamic of the work-flow process on the team itself, and the dynamic between the resident and attending physician .


To describe the impact of the utilization of a electronic medical record on the team dynamic and clinical oversight provided to Internal Medicine trainees

To qualify how the use of the electronic medical record has changed the team work flow process, specifically the attending physician work flow process and the degree of access on off-hours

M e t h o d s

Qualitative and quantitative methods will be used, including interviews of the attending physicians consented to participate with qualitative analysis of their interview transcripts and quantitative analysis of survey-based data on EMR usage .



Midwest SGIM, Midwest SHM, Medical Education Day

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Medical Education

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M e n t o r : David Meltzer, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-0836E m a i l : dmeltzer@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 9967


Effects of Medical Education and Specialization on the Quality and Cost of Care


Since 1997, we have been collecting data studying the costs and outcomes of patient care on the general medicine service at the U of C and, more recently, 5 other major academic medical centers . Our data base now contains over 80,000 patients . We are using this data to study questions such as how hospitalists affect the costs and outcomes of general medical care, the role of clinician experience in improving costs and outcomes, how clinicians learn from each other in clinical settings, and a range of issues about measuring the quality and outcomes of care, especially for older patients and underserved populations . There are also new projects involving the collection of genomic data for hospitalized patients as part of an effort to develop strategies for personalized medicine . Students may be involved in patient interviews, statistical analyses of existing data, chart review projects, grant writing, literature review, clinical pathway development and evaluation, or a combination of these . Students may be paired with a hospitalist physician to develop a specific research project related to a new clinical initiative . Some of our projects may be structured to allow interested students to simultaneously mentor a group on honors high school students and undergraduates as part of a summer research program . Many of our projects in involve quantitative analysis of data so we provide access to biostatisticians and classes in programming to help students to be maximally effective in completing their projects .


Section of General Internal Medicine Research MeetingsHospitalist Program Research Meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Medical Education, Quality/Safety, Social Sciences

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Epic, and MRVIEW




Cost-Effectiveness of Medical Interventions


Students may be involved in one of several projects including cost-effectiveness analyses of treatments for diabetes and prostate cancer, and analysis of the tools used to measure quality of life in cost-effectiveness analyses .


Analyzing cost-effectiveness of medical interventions .

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M e t h o d s

Students may be involved in technical analyses that require extensive mathematical and programming skills, or in studies that emphasize the development and administration of surveys in a variety of settings .



Section of General Internal Medicine Research Meetings

Hospitalist Program Research Meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Quality/Safety, Social Sciences




Historical Determinants of Mortality


This work studies the role that public health plays in helping developing countries to develop economically . Does declining mortality lead to over population, or to economic advances? How will AIDS affect economic development in Africa and Asia in the coming decades .


Studying historical determinants of mortality in developing countries as well as the effects on economic advancement .

M e t h o d s

Student may be involved in data collection and analysis, including review of historical documents .



Section of General Internal Medicine Research MeetingsHospitalist Program Research Meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Quality/Safety, Social Sciences


M e n t o r : Valerie Press, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5170E m a i l : vpress@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Nicole BabuskowI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 99670

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Evaluating A Tool For Rapid Clinical Assessment of Health Literacy Level In Hospitalized Patients


Health literacy is the ability of individuals to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions . It includes the skills and abilities to use and interpret text, documents, and numbers effectively . Inadequate health literacy is a major public health concern and is associated with poor knowledge of health conditions, lower use of preventative services, higher rates of non-adherence to therapy, higher hospitalization rates, and poorer self-reported health . Low health literacy affects adults in all ethnic groups but is more common in older patients, recent immigrants, patients in lower socioeconomic status, and patients with chronic diseases . An understanding of the prevalence of health literacy and factors related to inadequate health literacy in patients enrolled in the Hospitalist Project would facilitate the development and testing of interventions tailored to this high-risk population . The Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Revised (REALM-R) is a simple-to-use instrument in which patients that takes less than 2 minutes to complete, making it ideal to assess health literacy in a busy clinical setting (such as hospitalized patients)


To perform an assessment of health literacy to estimate the prevalence of inadequate health literacy in our study population and identify patient characteristics associated with inadequate health literacy . These data will help us to plan and develop tailored interventions to improve patient self-management .

M e t h o d s

Eligible patients will be identified for participation using the Hospitalist Project infrastructure . The student will perform patient interviews and assessment of health literacy using the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Revised (REALM-R) . The student will analyze prevalence of health literacy and the adequacy of the REALM-R assessment tool for our patient population .



Outcomes Research Workshops (multi-disciplinary Research in Progress meetings) Hospitalist Program Research Meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Quality/Safety


M e n t o r : Shalini Reddy, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-5216E m a i l : sreddy@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11-0420


Enhancing Professionalism in the Developing Doctor: The Grow (Guided Reflective Online Writing) Project


It is well recognized that the process of becoming a doctor involves more than an acquisition of skills and knowledge . The transformation from student to physician occurs through a complex socialization process that includes elements of the formal, informal and hidden curricula, and is influenced by a vast array of role models . Students report that these unintended curricula influence their professional development in meaningful ways, and that the transition from pre-clinical to clinical years can challenge the underlying values already that they have already developed .

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Educators have struggled with the optimal format for teaching professionalism to students, and have found success in methods that are based on context and experience, such as the use of reflection identify and learn from critical events . Written reflection and in-person interviews about critical incidents help students develop skills to constructively analyze professionalism conflicts . In addition, adding an element of feedback to the reflective process enhances reflection and provides students with new insights . Limiting factors for guided reflection include the lack of facilitators who have available time or training to provide meaningful feedback .

Online reflective writing programs, such as weblogs, have been utilized with clinical medical students with varying success, but there is very little literature on the use of anonymous “blogging” about professionalism specifically with pre-clinical students . In addition, most reflective writing programs do not have formal feedback from trained facilitators inherent in their design, especially from those in various points in their training including their peers .

We propose a novel tool that combines what the literature has shown to be successful with the use of reflective writing as a tool to teach professionalism with elements that have not yet been examined, for example, multi-level guided feedback . We hope to give students

The skills to constructively process critical incidents that may challenge their value systems during the transition to the clinical years .


1 . Teach and facilitate medical students’ purposeful and guided reflections on professionalism throughout their first year .

2 . Enhance students’ self-efficacy in identifying and processing events that impact their professional development .

M e t h o d s

We propose an online anonymous reflective writing program for first year medical students that involves trained facilitators of all levels of training giving students regular feedback on their writings about professionalism .



Research in Medical Education


M e n t o r : Milda Saunders, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Hospital MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5941E m a i l : msaunder@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Technology Assessment and Health Literacy In Potential Kidney Transplant Donors and Recipients


Patient education is an important part of the pre-transplant process . It helps to ensure that patients are fully informed of their obligations and rights, and helps them to make important fully informed decisions regarding their health . Written materials are often unread or not understood . We seek to determine the health literacy levels of patients who are interested in being kidney transplant recipients and kidney transplant living donors . In addition, we seek to determine the technology awareness and comfort level of these patients . This information will help us to both the content and the delivery method of education materials related to kidney transplantation .

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1 . To determine the technology awareness and health literacy of UCMC patients who are interested in kidney transplant .

2 . To determine the technology awareness and health literacy of UCMC patients who are interested in becoming a living donor .

3 . To use the results of the aims above to tailor both the content and delivery method of our patient education materials .

M e t h o d s

Survey administration during Wednesday and Thursday kidney transplant information sessions . Survey administration on Friday living donor clinics .



American Transplant Congress (June 2013), SGIM (May 2013), American Society of Nephrology (April 2013)

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences Social Sciences

N I H M i s s i o n : Kidneys

M e d i c i n e — I n f e c t i o u s D i s e a s e s & G l o b a l H e a l t h

M e n t o r : John Schneider, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Infectious Diseases & Global HealthTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-8349E m a i l : jschnei1@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Rachel McFaddenA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : rmcfadde@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-185B


Anthropomorphic Features and Social Network Position Among Men At Risk For Hiv Infection


Indian men who have sex with men (MSM) represent a population at greatest risk for HIV infection . With respect to HIV prevention, social networks are key to limiting onward transmission both through halting transmission within the sex network as well as diffusion of information and innovation through friendship or acquaintance networks . However, accurate characterization of networks remains elusive . Furthermore, determinants of how network members find themselves positioned remains unclear . For example, what makes a network member popular, a bridge between groups, or a loner?


Determine the relationship between anthropomorphic measures; skin color, BMI and social/sexual network positioning .

M e t h o d s

Analysis of a large MSM communication network will provide metrics for social network position . Digital images and height/weight of respondents will provide information on anthropomorphic features .

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International AIDS Conference . International Network for Social Network Analysis .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences Global Health Community Health

M e n t o r : John Schneider, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Infectious Diseases & Global HealthTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-8349E m a i l : jschnei1@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Rachel McFaddenA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : rmcfadde@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


A Population Based Study of Sexually Transmitted Infection Incidence In Urban and Rural India


There is little information on how sexually transmitted infections (STI) such as syphilis and herpes simplex 2 change over time in general populations within resource restricted settings . Typically we work with cross-sectional data and make associations between risk factors and these STIs . However, this is limited because it remains unclear whether the risk factor precedes the infection or follows the infection . Longitudinal data is required to begin to make inferences about causality .


Determine risk factors for STIs in a large population (n=13,000) followed over a five year period in rural and urban India .

M e t h o d s

Analysis of population based survey data . SRP student will work closely with the premier public health institution in India - the Public Health Foundation of India .



International AIDS Conference . International STD conference

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Global Health, Community Health

M e n t o r : Renslow Sherer, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Infectious Diseases & Global HealthTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-0853E m a i l : rsherer@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Ivy MorganA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : imorgan@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 09-126-B


The Wuhan University Medical Education Reform Project Evaluation

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Focused Course Surveys (anatomy, cells molecules and genetics, tissue structure and function, response to injury, CPP&T, clinical reasoning, medicine clerkship, surgery clerkship, pediatrics clerkship, ob-gyne clerkship, psychiatry clerkship, neurology clerkship, community and family medicine clerkship, ethics and professionalism)


1 . To assess faculty and student knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding medical school curriculum reform;

2 . To assess student performance on knowledge assessments, and to compare performance in reform students compared to standard curriculum students

M e t h o d s

Following verbal informed consent and an introduction to the study, students and faculty complete 30 minute surveys regarding their attitudes towards curriculum reform . Specific questions related to the specific course are included . Faculty and student surveys are developed using ACGME instruments with modifications for international use with collaboration from Wuhan faculty . Students also complete a brief knowledge assessment of 5-10 questions in the course topic; results are compared between reform and standard curriculum students .



Medical Education Day, University of Chicago; Consortia of Universities in Global Health; Global Health Education Consortium

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Social Sciences, Global Health, Medical Education, Community Health

M e d i c i n e — M a c L e a n C e n t e r f o r C l i n i c a l E t h i c s

M e n t o r : Lainie Ross, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—MacLean Center for Clinical EthicsTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6323E m a i l : Lross@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending, Exempt


Clinical, Ethical and Policy Issues Surrounding Sickle Cell Trait


One hundred years after Herrick discovered “sickle cell disease”, and 60 years after Linus Pauling uncovered the genetics of sickle cell disease, there is still so much we do not understand about the 80,000 individuals in the United States (US) who suffer from the disease . However, over 3 million Americans, mostly of African American ancestry, are heterozygote carriers; that is, they have sickle cell trait (SCT) and our knowledge of the “not so benign” nature of having SCT is evidence of the health care disparity surrounding health issues that belong mainly to minority communities . Research on both sickle cell disease and trait have suffered from a lack of resources, and the result is that we know much less about these conditions than we should . As a pediatrician and ethicist, then, I have decided to focus my summer student research on SCT . The exact subject is up for negotiation . Previous students have worked on 1) maternal understanding and attitudes of prenatal and neonatal testing for sickle cell trait; 2) evaluating the new National Collegiate Athletic Association decision to screen all division 1 student-athletes for sickle cell trait; and 3) identifying case reports in the literature that focus on the clinical implications of SCT for athletes . I am currently working on a project to evaluate the association of SCT with end stage renal disease . Additional topics that could

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be studied: 1) an historical analysis of the military and SCT screening; 2) the controversial question of the utility of identifying carriers in newborn screening; and 3) public education and awareness of sickle cell trait .


Depending on project 1) to evaluate the best policy for protecting athletes with sickle cell trait from fatal exertional rhabdomyolysis; 2) to understand the military history of sickle cell trait in basic recruits; 3) the utility of identifying sickle cell trait in newborns and the appropriate counseling when identified .

M e t h o d s

Depending on project this may be 1) mostly source research (military policies; historical articles); 2) involvement in an ongoing project about the possible renal risks of sickle cell trait (with patient interaction); or 3) a survey designed by the student about identification of carriers in newborn screening



MacLean Conference--over the summer we offer over 70 lectures . The student will be encouraged to attend at least 2-3 per week .


N I H M i s s i o n : Blood, Kidneys

M e d i c i n e — N e p h r o l o g y

M e n t o r : Benjamin Ko, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—NephrologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9140E m a i l : bko@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Role of Ubiquitination in NCC Regulation


Calcineurin inhibitors, widely used as immunosuppressive agents in organ transplantation, are known to cause hypertension . Recently, this calcineurin-associated hypertension was shown to be due to increased activity of the sodium chloride cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney . However, the mechanism by which this occurs remains unknown .


To determine the mechanism by which calcineurin inhibitors increase NCC activity .

M e t h o d s

Total protein abundance and surface expression will be determined Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunoflorescence . Signalling pathways will be assessed via Western blotting and RNA interference to knock down expression of potential signalling pathways . Real time PCR will also be utilized .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Sigma Stat


American Sociey of Nephrolgy

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M e d i c i n e — P u l m o n a r y & C r i t i c a l C a r e

M e n t o r : Kristen Knutson, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Pulmonary & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-1973E m a i l : kknutson@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Impact of Shift Work On Risk of Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study


Shift work results in major disruptions of sleep-wake homeostasis, the circadian system and the feeding schedule . Because sleep and circadian rhythmicity affect essentially all physiological systems, many of the adverse health consequences of shift work are thought to ultimately result from disturbances in sleep regulation and the circadian system . The overall goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that shift workers, who are chronically exposed to circadian disruption and sleep loss, have a higher cardio-metabolic risk than day workers, and that the accumulated sleep debt and the degree of circadian disruption both predict their elevated cardio-metabolic risk . We will measure markers of cardio-metabolic risk that are rapidly and profoundly affected by reduced sleep duration and/or quality . We propose to compare cardiometabolic risk factors in two groups of full-time workers (i .e . day workers and shift workers) who are employed by a medical center .


Our specific aim is to test the hypothesis that shift workers have a higher cardio-metabolic risk than day workers after controlling for sleep duration . In this cross-sectional analysis of baseline laboratory assessments, each outcome measure will be predicted from shift worker status (vs . day worker) adjusting for mean sleep duration during the preceding one week .

M e t h o d s

This study involves two parts: a naturalistic session & a laboratory session .

The naturalistic session will include: two weeks of continuous wrist actigraphy; a 3-day food diary; one 24-hour recording of blood pressure . Also work schedules will be collected for a four week period .

The laboratory session will last approximately 16 hours and will include: saliva sampling in the evening to measure melatonin & cortisol; 8 hours in bed with PSG recording; bioimpedance measure; an oral glucose tolerance test; continuous ECG monitoring and several questionnaires .



The research team meets weekly to discuss the project’s progress and any issues that may have arisen, and the student would be encouraged to attend these meetings . In addition, the student would have weekly meetings with the PI to discuss his/her research project . Finally, the student will be invited to attend any meetings of the Sleep, Metabolism and Health Center .


N I H M i s s i o n : Diabetes, Heart

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M e n t o r : Kristen Knutson, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Pulmonary & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-1973E m a i l : kknutson@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 09-192-A


Unattended In-Home Sleep Recording: A Pilot Study


There is rapidly accumulating evidence from both laboratory studies and epidemiology to indicate that sleep curtailment may be a novel risk factor for diabetes, obesity and hypertension . Two important limitations of the laboratory studies are that they are short-term (last a few weeks at most) and that they are conducted in artificial environments that do not reflect real-world behavior . Cardiometabolic diseases are chronic and develop over longer periods of time than a few weeks . Although epidemiologic studies typically reflect habitual behavior, the vast majority of them rely on self-reported measures of sleep, which are only moderately correlated with objective measures of sleep . The next logical step in the examination of sleep’s role in cardiometabolic health is to conduct objective, detailed measures of sleep in people’s homes . The ultimate goal of this research is to expand our work on sleep and cardiometabolic health by moving outside of the laboratory . Given the strong evidence for a link between impaired and insufficient sleep and increased cardiometabolic risk, it is critical that we understand how people sleep in their daily lives and what factors can impact sleep . Thus this study is collecting wrist actigraphy and recording polysomnography in the homes of both patients from the sleep clinic and research volunteers .


There are two possible analytic aims:

1 . Compare in-home PSG to laboratory/clinic PSG .

2 . Explore socio-demographic and/or psychosocial correlates of in-home PSG and/or actigraphy data (i .e . what factors are associated with better or worse sleep?)

M e t h o d s

This study involves the following methods:

1 . One week of wrist actigraphy to estimate habitual sleep patterns & light exposure .

2 . One night of in-home polysomnography

3 . A questionnaire packet that includes measures of subjective sleep, psychosocial factors (depression, stress, loneliness), subjective health and sociodemographic indicators .

4 . Obtaining original clinical or laboratory PSG data .



The research team meets bi-weekly on Friday afternoons to discuss the project’s progress and any issues that may have arisen, and the student would be encouraged to attend these meetings . In addition, the student would have weekly meetings with the PI to discuss his/her research project . Finally, the student will be invited to attend any meetings of the Sleep, Metabolism and Health Center .



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M e n t o r : Sola Olopade, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Pulmonary & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6479E m a i l : solopade@bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Rebecca IncledonA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : incledon@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-263B


Indoor Pollution From Biomass: Implications For Maternal and Child Health


Indoor air pollution from burning biomass is a major public health hazard that affects almost 3 billion mostly poor women and children in rural communities in developing countries . Indoor air pollution in these developing and low socio-economic settings is associated with frequent lower respiratory tract infection and death in children and increased frequency of non-smoking related emphysema and lung cancer in women . Almost 70% of homes in rural communities in Nigeria use open fire from burning biomass and coal for cooking and energy needs . A recent WHO report also suggests that Nigeria is one of 11 countries in Africa where indoor air pollution is responsible for a total of 1 .2 million deaths and over 2,000 cases of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) annually . Despite the magnitude of the problem, the health consequences of cooking-related indoor air pollution has not been well studied . To study the impact of indoor air pollution on the health of adults particularly women and children, we will conduct a prospective study in randomly selected homes in rural and urban communities in Southwest Nigeria .


1 . To determine the degree of indoor air pollution related to the use of biomass fuel for cooking

2 . To determine biomarkers of oxidative damage in women and children who are exposed to IAP

3 . To evaluate its impact of exposure to indoor air pollution on pulmonary function and respiratory health .

M e t h o d s

Our long-term goal is to reduce exposure of women and children to dangerous pollutants from biomass fuel use and to influence governmental policy that will lead to the development of an intervention program, which will eliminate indoor air pollution in this vulnerable population .

Learning opportunities for students:

• Understanding environmental public health

• Education on principles of Clinical Sciences

• Ethical considerations in conducting International research

• Pulmonary physiology as it relates to pulmonary function

• Learning how to perform and interpret pulmonary function tests

• Participate in fieldwork in Nigeria that will include

• Data collection

• Performance of pulmonary function testing

• Analysis of indoor pollutants using a hand held analyzer

• Analysis of exhaled breath air for nitric oxide

• Collection of biospecimens for biomarker work


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MacLean Center for Clinical Ethics weekly seminar

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Global Health


M e n t o r : Shahid Siddiqui, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Pulmonary & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-6908E m a i l : ssiddiqui@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : sssiddiqui@gmail .comI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Smooth Muscle Myosin In Regulation of Asthma


The project aims at discovering novel small molecules that affect smooth muscle myosin function in human airway smooth muscle cells, and a model genetic system C . elegans . Such small molecules could provide new therapeutic compounds to treat asthma and other lung diseases .

he screening is based on using a library of thousands of small molecules and perform a high throughput screen using a myosin polymerization assay and picking candidate compounds as inhibitors of myosin . Such candidate compounds will be tested in human airway smooth muscle cells to determine their efficacy and toxicity . Those lead molecules that have low or no toxicity and can inhibit the myosin in vitro and in vivo (HASM cells), will then be examined in lung slices to see if contraction of HASM can be seen in vivo .


To perform high throughput screens of chemical compound libraries to search for modulators of smooth muscle myosin, and determine their efficacy and toxicity in vitro and in vivo assays

M e t h o d s

The screen will be using a HTP in vitro search for myosin function modulators in vitro using OD600 measurement for myosin polymerization and C . elegans smooth muscle contraction assay . From the lead compounds we will then use HASM cells to examine toxicity and efficacy .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, No Software Needed


Yes


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M e n t o r : Anne Sperling, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—Pulmonary & Critical CareTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-1313E m a i l : asperlin@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Stephenie Takahashi (primary contact)A l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : stephenie .takahashi@uchospitals .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 72196


Role of T Cell Co-Stimulation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis


Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic lung disease that affects over 128,000 people in the United States and currently has no effective treatment . The mortality of IPF has been reported at approximately 50% over 2-5 years from diagnosis . Clinical course in IPF varies greatly with some patients experiencing slow declines in lung function, while others have a rapid decline leading to early mortality .

Through microarray analyses, recent studies have demonstrated that decreases in T cell gene products are part of an IPF gene signature which distinguishes those with poorest prognosis . Within this gene signature, we identified B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), a surface receptor on T cells, as the most decreased gene product and have confirmed this finding in human and mouse samples . Based on these findings, we hypothesize that decreased BTLA expression drives alterations in peripheral T cell populations in patients with progressive disease . Understanding the effect of this difference may identify potential therapeutic targets and explain the variability in disease course .

This translational project offers the student an interdisciplinary opportunity to work with both a pulmonary & critical care fellow, Dr Stephenie Takahashi, and immunologist, Dr . Anne Sperling . The project has multiple aspects that could be tailored to the student’s interest including patient care and working with a mouse model .


The goal of this study is to investigate how the expression of the co-inhibitory receptor, BTLA, and costimulation itself, mechanistically affects the development of pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model .

M e t h o d s

• Peripheral T cells are isolated from patient blood samples and processed to examine different cell surface markers by FLOW cytometry

• Pulmonary fibrosis induced in mice via inhaled bleomycin and lungs are harvested and processed for FLOW cytometry and histology

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Prism


Daily Pulmonary morning report case conference

Weekly Pulmonary research-in-progress conference

Weekly lab meeting

Weekly Committee on Immunology seminars, journal club and research-in-progress conferences


N I H M i s s i o n : Blood, Heart, Lungs

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M e n t o r : Haochu Huang, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—RheumatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-4482E m a i l : hhuang@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71847


Dissecting the B Cell Tolerogenic Signaling Pathways


The generation and maintenance of a B cell repertoire that is tolerant to self rely on multiple mechanisms that regulate the differentiation of autoreactive B cells . These mechansims are controlled by the nature and duration of interaction between B cell receptor (BCR) and its antigen . Mutations that affect BCR signaling can alter B cell fate decisions and result in autoimmune diseases . Defective tolerance induction has been demonstrated in both animal models and patients of autoimmune diseases . It has been shown that the strength of BCR signals dictates the fate of developing B cells . However, the molecular events that translate BCR signal strength to fate choice in tolerance induction and underlying signaling pathways are not well understood .

We propose to map these signaling pathways genetically using a genome-wide shRNA screen . The rationale of our approach is that induction of a specific form of B cell tolerance will be defective when a component of the underlying signaling pathway is reduced by shRNA knockdown . As in a genetic screen, cells having desired phenotypic changes are first selected after they are transduced with a retroviral shRNA library . Then the shRNAs carried by these cells are amplified and sequenced resulting in the identification of underlying genes . The goal of this project is to identify new components of differential BCR signaling pathways in tolerance induction .


1 . To identify novel molecules of BCR signaling pathways in WEHI-231 B cells;

2 . To establish the roles of identified genes in different in vivo models of B cell tolerance including clonal deletion, receptor editing and anergy

M e t h o d s

We will carry out the screen on WEHI-231 B cell lymphoma cell line . Crosslinking of BCR on WEHI-231 cells results in their apoptosis and it has been used as a model of tolerance induction . We will first transduce WEHI-231 cells with pools of retroviruses expressing shRNA that cover the mouse genome . Then cells will be treated with an antibody to crosslink their BCRs . Cells that survive and grow out are the ones that are defective in the relevant pathways . Genomic DNA will be prepared from these cells and used to amplify the shRNA fragments by PCR . shRNA fragments will be cloned and sequenced to identify the targeted genes . A secondary screen will be performed to confirm the hits .



Lab meeting, weekly meeting of in vivo models of disease group, Committee of Immunology seminars


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M e n t o r : Andrew Kinloch, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—RheumatologyE m a i l : ajkinloch1@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Epitope Mapping of A Novel Autoantigen Targeted By Patients With Tubulointerstitial Nephritis


One of the most frequent and severe complications of SLE is renal failure . However, besides elevated serum creatinine, there has historically been an absence of biomarkers that predict end stage renal disease . It is therefore still unknown which pathological processes are responsible for it . Importantly, we have recently demonstrated that the degree of tubulointerstitial infiltration at the time of diagnostic biopsy correlates with progression to end stage renal disease . Moreover, we have shown that this inflammatory cellular infiltrate can form functional germinal-center-like structures typically found in lymph nodes and within chronically inflamed organs targeted during classical organ-specific autoimmune diseases . Having sequenced antibody variable regions from proliferating B-cells within tubulointerstitial inflammatory lesions, and having observed the deposition of local antibody containing immune complexes, we hypothesize that there is local antigen driven B-cell selection, and that the ensuing autoantibodies are contributing to the local inflammation, which ultimately leads to the loss of kidney function . We are currently characterizing the in situ targets of these autoantibodies . Identifying these targets will improve our understanding of the inflammatory pathways driving interstitial nephritis and renal failure . Detailed characterization of auto-antigens targeted by patients going on to renal failure will also facilitate the development of prognostically useful serological assays .


To epitope map a novel autoantigen that we have demonstrated to be targeted by autoantibodies produced in the inflamed tubulointerstitium during lupus nephritis .

M e t h o d s

Monoclonal autoantibodies, expressing variable regions cloned from B-cells found within the inflamed kidney, have been generated by our group and the antibody core at the University of Chicago . Experiments to identify the epitopes targeted by these antibodies will be performed with, and by, medical students as part of their training . Epitope-mapping will firstly involve cloning, expressing and purifying tagged proteins corresponding to different regions of the auto-antigen that we have previously characterized . Immunoblotting, protein chip and ELISA based assays, incorporating these proteins, will then be developed to confirm which regions of the auto-antigen are specifically bound by these antibodies . More detailed site directed mutagenesis and synthetic peptide based analyses will ultimately confirm the epitope/s targeted .



M e n t o r : Malay Mandal, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—RheumatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4075E m a i l : mmandal@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Structure-Function Relationship of Stat5


Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is an interesting target for new therapeutic strategies

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yfor breast cancer, prostate cancer as well as blood born diseases such as pre-B Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) . Recently we have demonstrated that STAT5 can act both as a transcriptional activator and repressor, but how STAT5 does this has not been delineated . We believe that the answer to this question lies in the structure and different oligomerization of STAT5 that allows it to act as a repressor or as an activator . Therefore, by using cellular and molecular biological techniques, we plan to make a retroviral mutant STAT5 library . By ectopically expressing these STAT5 mutants from this library in the living cells we will determine if specific mutant(s) is(are) acting as an activator or repressor This work will provide new therapeutic implications for the design of drugs against malignancies related to STAT5 .


Determination of the relationship between structure and function of STAT5

M e t h o d s

We have previously described that wild type STAT5B increases the transcription of Cyclin D3 and downregulates the germline transcription of immunoglobulin kappa (Igk) light chain . [Mandal et . al . Nat . Immunol . 10(10), 2009 and Mandal et . al . Nat . Immunol . 12(12) 2011] . Therefore, analyzing the transcription of Cyclin D3 and Igk in the mutant STAT5B expressing cells we will determine if a particular STAT5B mutant is acting as an activator or repressor . First, amino acid sequences of different STAT molecules will be aligned and assessed to locate the conserved residues in the proteins . That would represent the most relevant sites for mutation . These residues will be considered for mutation . The amino acid residues that are present at the interface of the multimeric STAT complex will also be obtained from previously published work and be considered for mutation . We previously have cloned the wild type STAT5B cDNA into the expression vector pcDNA3 .1 and the retroviral MIGR1 vector . Using a site directed mutagenesis technique we will generate mutant STAT5B construct individually which will contain an ‘alanine’ at the position of interest after mutation . These mutants STAT5B vectors will then be ectopically expressed in IL-7 sensitive pre-B cells as previous established . The infected cells will then be cultured in the absence of IL-7 for 24-48 hours and mRNA would be isolated to prepare the corresponding cDNA . Real time RT-PCRs will then be performed to determine the transcriptional changes of Cyclin D3 and Igk over control (expressing mock vectors) to check if the mutant STAT5B is acting as activator or repressor respectively . Screening of all mutants will we performed in the same way described above to find the right mutant of our interest .

C o n f e r e n c e s Av a i l a b l e f o r P a r t i c i p a t i o nAutumn Immunology Conference



M e n t o r : Timothy Niewold, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine—RheumatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2590E m a i l : tniewold@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15701B


Genetics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus


Genetics of the Interferon Alpha Pathway in Human Lupus

Our group is interested in the genetics of human autoimmune disease, with a focus on systemic lupus erythematosus . In previous work, we have discovered abnormally high levels of a particular cytokine, interferon alpha, in both healthy and affected members of lupus families . This suggests that high interferon alpha is a heritable risk factor for lupus . We have since been working on defining the genes which result in high interferon alpha, with the goal of understanding

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regulation of this cytokine in human disease . Recently, we have completed a genome-wide scan directed at discovering genes related to interferon alpha in lupus, and this has resulted in a number of interesting genes to be followed up in genetic association studies . Additionally, this pathway appears to be of particular importance in African-American ancestry, and we are currently pursuing a number of novel candidate genes of special importance in African-American lupus .


To determine if a candidate gene discovered in a genome-wide association study results in abnormal interferon alpha production in vivo and subsequent risk of human lupus .

M e t h o d s

Methods employed will include SNP genotyping human DNA samples using real-time PCR, and modern genetic analysis including haplotype construction and case-control genetic association . Interferon alpha data from the subjects will be analyzed as a quantitative trait, and clinical variables will also be incorporated into the analyses . No previous experience in human genetics is required, and the above methods can be learned during the summer experience .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : GraphPad, Regression software


Central Society for Clinical Research

American College of Rheumatology Annual Conference

Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCiS) Annual Meeting



N e u r o b i o l o g y & N e u r o l o g y

M e n t o r : Jeffrey Frank, MDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-4602E m a i l : jfrank@neurology .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Judith MarateaA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jmaratea@neurology .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Safety of Parenchymal Intracranial Pressure Monitor Insertion In Patients With Acute Live Failure and Coagulopathy


Background:

erebral edema is a common complication of acute liver failure . While there are several approaches to limit intracranial hypertension and optimize brain perfusion, intracranial pressure monitoring is required to properly guide therapy and optimize outcome . However, all patients with acute live failure develop coagulopathy due to impaired hepatic coagulation protein synthesis . This escalates the risk of bleeding of any invasive monitor insertion . The most feared such complication would be intracranial hemorrhage from intracranial pressure monitor insertion . Some old literature has compared the intracranial hemorrhage risk with different types of intracranial pressure monitor . However, they have not included contemporary monitor types or controlled for methodology for insertion and approach coagulopathy management .

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y Project Description:

e have a database of intracranial pressure monitors used in patients with acute liver failure that has not been updated in the past several years . this database has included approach to coagulopathy (relatively uniform), monitor type (uniform), monitor insertion method (uniform), and evidence of absence of intracranial hemorrhage (by imaging, clinical, or by autopsy) . The project will be geared to updating the database with more recent cases, organizing the data in preparation for presentation and publication, and facilitating, reviewing the relevant literature, and writing the manuscript with the me .


To determine the safety and risks of placement of parenchymal intracranial pressure monitors in patients with acute live failure and coagulopathy when done with specific methodology with respect to insertion technique and coagulopathy correciton .

M e t h o d s

1 . Review of literature on acute liver failure and brain swelling AND acute liver failure and ICP monitor insertion risks

2 . Cleaning up on existing database on the topic of safety of parenchymal ICP monitor insertion in patients with acute liver failure

3 . Updating the existing prior database with the newest cases over the past few years (retrospective)

4 . Manuscript preparation after selecting the ideal publication venue


All neurological/neurocritical care/neurosurgery conferences (there is at least one daily available for continued learning)





Defining the Mid-Position Unreactive (Non-Innervated) Pupil


Background:

A non-innervated pupil is between 4-7 mm, unreactive, and usually round . The mechanism of loss of all pupillary innervation if from severe midbrain destruction (the one site where there can be simultaneous destruction of the pupillary parasympathetic innervation that constricts the pupil AND sympathetic innervation that dilates the pupil . An important part of evaluating patients - is discovery of the constellation of neurological abnormalities and assessing their localizing value . This helps the neurologist and neurosurgeon determine “the site of the brain dysfunction” and one step to considering the cause and best treatment pathways . As brainstem injury and compression of the 3rd

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cranial nerve are important phenomena with localizing value that can help direct potentially brain and life-saving treatments - the pupil examination is critical to the neurologist and neurosurgeon . However, the non-innervated pupil size and side-to-side symmetry or asymmetry (with bilateral involvement) has not been described with contemporary methods . However, this basic knowledge is critical to making lucid localizing conclusions about the pupillary information .

This SRP project will focus on determining the true size and symmetry of the non-innervated pupil .


To determine the actual size and side-to-side symmetry (or asymmetry) of the non-innervated pupil

M e t h o d s

With the use of computerized pupillometry to evaluate the pupillary size in deceased patients (including those with brain death mechanism of death) as a way to accurately describe the true appearance of non-innervated pupils .


All neurological/neurocritical care/neurosurgery conferences (there is at least one daily available for continued learning)





Hypothalamic Function and Brain Death: Evaluating the Whole Brain Formulation


Brain death is the irreversible cessation of whole brain function . Its accurate diagnosis demands a high degree of diagnostic rigor and deep conceptual understanding . Unfortunately , physicians are highly variable in their approach to the diagnosis . This has led to highly unreliable data about some physiological phenomena that can, at least, challenge the “whole brain formulation” of brain death . For example, the hypothalamus is the control center for human thermoregulation . So, not surprisingly, hypothermia is a common accompaniment to brain death . This occurs due to the loss of thermoregulatory capacity leading to radiant heat loss from the body in an environment where ambient temperature is lower than body temperature . However, shouldn’t all brain dead patients be hypothermic due to the loss of hypothalamic mediated thermoregulatory capacity? The same argument can be made with respect to neuroendocrine function . The hypothalamus produces, among other hormones, vasopressin . It gets stored in the posterior pituitary gland and then release to assist with fluid balance (vasopressin helps the body retain water) . So, like hypothermia, diabetes insipidus is a common accompaniment of brain death . This leads to excessive free water loss (dilute diuresis) with secondary hypernatremia, volume depletion, and hypotension . However, shouldn’t all brain dead patients have diabetes insipidus? The frequency of hypothermia and diabetes insipidus has been reported in various series of brain dead patients - and it is NOT present in all patients pronounced brain dead . This is an awkward reality, and there have been various approaches to the explanation of this phenomenon . It has led to various explanations that differentiate that brain death is about loss of the essential integrative functioning of the brain - and that it does not imply that all brain cells are dead . Other explanations have been directed at some specific features of the circulation of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland that may often “protect” those brain regions from the final common pathway to

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ybrain death (protracted cerebral circulatory arrest) . We believe that much of these variable and awkward observations relate to the approach to brain death diagnosis and the non-uniform approach and rigor that allow some patients who “appear” to be dead to “not quite be dead yet .” Thereby, contributing to some (if not the majority) of this variability .

Project Description:

The SRP project will center around addressing the true incidence of of hypothermia and diabetes insipidus in patients who progress to brain death - when a rigorous, contemporary approach to the diagnosis of brain death has taken place . We will also focus on addressing the reasons for why these phenomena do not always occur in brain dead patients - as a tool for better understanding the lucidity (or pitfalls) of the whole brain formulation of death .


To determine whether thermoregulatory paralysis and diabetes insipidus are uniformly present (or, in certain circumstances, absent) in patients who have progressed to brain death -when pronounced using brain imaging, clinical examination, and cerebral circulatory arrest confirmation to affirm the diagnosis of death .

M e t h o d s

1 . Retrospective chart reviews

2 . Contemporaneous analysis of patients undergoing diagnosis of brain death

3 . We will also arrange a research consortium (the student will assist with this) with colleagues at other institutions with a similar rigorous diagnostic approach to brain death - creating a database focusing on the same issues .

4 . We will also develop a collaborative research agreement with the Gift of Hope to collect data on all brain dead patients what help us address the same issues prospectively - as all brain dead patients must come under their scrutiny by law .

For Items 3 and 4: We already have started this process, and the student will be able to not only address some of these interesting issues that have provocative medical and neuro-ethical implications, they will be part of establishing interesting and exciting collaborations .


All neurological/neurovascular/neurocritical care/neurosurgery conferences (there is at least a daily educational conference available for continued learning)


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Neurology



Cardiac Telemetry and Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: Evaluation of Practice


All acute ischemic stroke patients will be admitted to beds with cardiac telemetry or an ICU . This is a requisite practice in order to achieve and maintain certification as a primary (or comprehensive) stroke center . The purpose of this practice is centered around the importance of detecting atrial fibrillation as a potential ischemic stroke mechanism

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from cardioembolism, since it would lead, in most cases, to a specific medical management proven to be more beneficial in preventing recurrent stroke from atrial fibrillation, anticoagulation . However, on a typical neurological service, review of the “event” recording from these telemetric monitors is not part of standard practice . Nor is it projected as a recommendation in any stroke management guidelines . The general assumption is that any detected event will lead to an alarm that will be detected and reported by a nurse for a doctors review or action . Our experience dictate that these “response assumptions” are not well founded .

Project Description: The project will focus on prospectively determining whether their are important recorded but not documented cardiac events in acute ischemic stroke patients .


1 . To determine whether there are recorded but undocumented cardiac arrhythmia events in acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to a telemetry or ICU bed

2 . To determine the management relevance (if any) of the events detected in item 1

3 . To use the information about the detected/recorded events to either reinforce present management approaches - or to bolster the clinical practice of reviewing the monitor data as a necessary part of better caring for stroke patients and affecting the most appropriate management for secondary stroke prevention

M e t h o d s

1 . Contemporaneous evaluation of recorded cardiac events on telemetry and ICU monitors of acute ischemic stroke patients

2 . Determine if the recorded events (if any) were detected by the nursing staff, documented, and reported to the medical staff

3 . Determine if a medical action (response to the event) did take place (or should have taken place) that would be important to optimizing patient outcome

4 . Review of basic literature supporting present practice of cardiac monitoring for acute ischemic stroke patients and determining if a new practice initiative should take place as a consequence of our discovery .



M e n t o r : Christopher Gomez, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6390E m a i l : gomez001@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71704


Molecular and Cellular Basis of Ataxias and Neuromuscular Syndromes


We study the molecular and cellular pathways by which genetic mutations cause hereditary ataxia and neuromuscular disease and develop and test treatments . Recently, for example, we have discovered a novel gene product (a1ACT) generated from the CACNA1A gene that 1) functions as a transcription factor that controls cerebellar cortical development, that 2) contains the expanded polyglutamine tract that is the mutation in one kind of hereditary ataxia; that 3) causes cell death and cerebellar ataxia in transgenic mice; and that 4) is regulated by an internal ribosomal entry site .

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To clarify the IRES-regulated expression and the origination of a1ACTWT/a1ACTSCA6 fragments within the CACNA1A gene .

o set up IRES functional assays to screen compounds that suppress IRES activity .

M e t h o d s

Molecular cloning, western blotting, luciferase expression assays



Neurology translational neuroscience research conference



M e n t o r : Un Kang, MDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6389E m a i l : unkang@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71281


We are interested in studying 1) the mechanisms for dopamine therapy in Parkinson’s disease and 2) neurodegeneration, using mouse models and cell cultures . 1) We study the cellular molecular mechanisms underling dopamine therapy complication, called dyskinesia in experimental PD mouse models . 2) We study the effects of two PD genes, DJ-1 and PINK1, on neuronal cell function, with a focus on their effect on mitochondrial function .


1 . To determine the molecular changes in basal ganglia cells associated with dyskinesia in mouse model of PD .

2 . To determine the effect of PINK1 on mitochondrial function .

M e t h o d s

1 . We use both genetic and toxic lesion models of PD and monitor their behaviors with various drug treatment . Electrophysiological studies are done on brain slices (in Dr . McGehee Lab) and molecular and histological analysis are done to correlate with the behavior . Viral vectors are used to manipulate specific cells in the basal ganglia and examine their effects . 2 . Both cell cultures and mouse with genetic deletion of PINK1 are used to study their biochemical and survival effects .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Staview


Weekly lab meetings, Committee on neurobiology seminar series, department of neurology grand rounds and research seminar, drug abuse training grant journal club



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M e n t o r : Un Kang, MDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6389E m a i l : unkang@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-351-A


Recent research suggests that motor learning abnormalities may contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease in addition to their deficit in motor performance . We will administer tests specifically targeting motor learning in patients with Parkinson’s disease in order to better investigate the role of motor learning in the progression and treatment of Parkinson’s disease .


1 . To test PD patients with or without dopaminergic medications for their ability to learn new motor tasks .

2 . To determine the effect of training and medication on the task learning .

M e t h o d s

We will utilize computerized device for patient motor tasks .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Staview


Weekly lab meetings, Committee on neurobiology seminar series, department of neurology grand rounds and research seminar, drug abuse training grant journal club



M e n t o r : Raymond Roos, MDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5659E m a i l : rroos@neurology .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71772


Viral and Nonviral Neurological Disease-Causing Genes In Mouse Models


Project 1: Mutations in superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD) and TDP-43 have been identified in a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease) indicating their direct involvement in the pathogenesis of ALS . Mutations in these proteins cause them to misfold and form aggregates and this may lead to interference with the normal protein-protein interactions which are important for cell survival . The first project focuses on the identification using phage display technology of single chain antibodies (scFvs) of therapeutic value against the disease . We have isolated several scFvs against SOD and TDP-43, one of which interacts with one MTSOD but not normal SOD . We will test whether the antibodies decrease (or increase) MTSOD/TDP-43 misfolding and cell death in cell culture model . We will also test whether scFvs delivered by means of an intramuscular injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector or intraventricularly into a familial ALS transgenic mouse decreases MTSOD/TDP-43 aggregation or delays the onset or slows the progression of disease . The planned studies should clarify the reasons for cell death as well as identify possible therapeutic approaches for familial ALS patients and perhaps guide us in our understanding of non-inherited ALS . Lab experience is required .

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yProject 2: The second project is aimed at investigations of the mechanism of Theiler’s virus (TV) persistence and immune mediated-demyelination in the central nervous system of mice . This mouse disease serves as a model for multiple sclerosis . We plan to identify role of the viral RNA and coding regions in the pathogenesis of TV disease . We would like to clarify the relationship between functions of these viral regions, their role in innate immune response and the central nervous system disease caused by the virus . Lab experience is required .


Project 1:

• Test whether scFvs delivered by means of adenovirus associated virus (AAV) decreases aggregate formation and/or toxicity of MTSOD1 expression in a MN cell line and primary MNs

• Test whether scFvs delivered by means of an intramuscular injection of AAV into FALS transgenic mice decrease MTSOD1 aggregation, delay the onset or slow the progression of disease

• Test whether scFvs delivered intraventricularly into FALS transgenic mice decrease MTSOD1 aggregation, delay the onset, or slow the progression of disease

Project 2: Identify the role of Leader (L) coding region of Theiler’s virus in the virus persistence and demyelinating disease pathogenesis .

M e t h o d s

Project 1: Molecular and cellular biology techniques, scFv gene delivery via adenoassociated virus into neuronal cells and mouse central nervous system

roject 2: Molecular virology methods, injecting mice with Theiler’s virus intracerebrally and analyzing CNS tissues for pathology and virus/RNA presence .




M e n t o r : Sara Szuchet, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6396E m a i l : szuchet@neurology .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


The Assembly of Central Nervous System Myelin: A Novel Hypothesis


Myelin is a multilayer membrane that envelops axons . Its best characterized function is that of a facilitator of rapid nerve conduction . The assembly of central nervous system myelin is the work of oligodendrocytes (OLGs) . The prevailing assumption is that an OLG extends a process that circumnavigates an axon to generate the multilamellar structure - a hallmark of myelin . Given that OLG plasma membrane and myelin are compositionally distinct, questions concerning myelin synthesis, transport and deposition are highly pertinent and, yet, remain largely unanswered . We have developed an in vitro model consisting of pure cultures of ovine OLGs, isolated from post-myelinating brains, and have shown that such OLGs can be reprogrammed to re-enact the ontogenic development of myelin - a process we call myelin palingenesis, i .e . myelin reformation . We have used such cultures to address the subject of myelinogenesis . Based on these data and on reports on other cell types, we hypothesize that: Myelin membranes are pre-assembled and packaged as tubular structures into membrane-bound organelles, named Myelin Membrane Carrier Organelles (MMCO) . MMCO are transported by oligodendrocyte processes where they transition

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into layers of planar membranes or multilayer vesicles that are deposited on the axon . The objective of our current research is to validate this hypothesis in vivo using avian embryonic optic nerves . The experimental design is geared to first showing the formation of tubular structures; second, establishing that these tubules contain myelin-specific proteins, e .g . myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein, and also myelin lipids such as galactocerebroside . In other words, the aim is to demonstrate that the tubules are bona fide myelin membranes . To achieve this we will employ immunoelectron microscopy . The next stage is to prove that the tubular structures are transported by OLGs processes to the site of deposition, where they transition into layers of planar membranes that are deposited on the axon . For this we will use electron tomography in order to obtain a three-dimensional reconstruction of the transformation and deposition . The planned experiments should set this hypothesis on solid ground . Should this be the case, it would open up new avenues of research into the mechanism of myelin synthesis, transport and delivery, as well as uncover novel levels of regulation . It would impose a major revision of current concepts on the biology of myelination, and would also force a reassessment of demyelinating diseases such as MS .


It is the objective of this work to validate - in vivo - a novel hypothesis of myelin formation using avian embryonic optic nerves

M e t h o d s

We will be employing electron microscopy, immunoelecton microscopy, three-dimensional electron tomography and sophisticated modeling software



Results can be presented at the annual meetings of the Society for Neuroscience or American Society of Cell Biology or American Society of Neurochemistry



M e n t o r : Xiaoxi Zhuang , PhDD e p a r t m e n t : NeurobiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9063E m a i l : xzhuang@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


A Genetic Screen in Drosophila for Thrifty Genes


The “thrifty genotype” theory proposes that “thrifty genes” confer an evolutionary advantage in times of food scarcity, but lead to susceptibility to obesity in times of plenty . The hypothesis originally focused more on evolutionary pressure that human ancestors faced (e .g . famine) and on metabolic pathways . This is also where the controversies lie . However, in animal studies on foraging and economic decision making, it is obvious that being thrifty is essential for survival for all animal species living in an environment with limited food . When food is scarce, the decision to seek or not to seek food is essential for survival since it determines the balance between energy gained from potential food acquisition against the energetic cost of looking for food . Therefore, thrifty genotypes could have a much more ancient evolutionary root than humans, and it could be important in food seeking behavior rather than in metabolic pathways .

One system that is known to play a significant role in food-seeking is the reward pathway . At a more mechanistic level, it has been demonstrated that the reward pathway is especially important when energy cost is an important

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yfactor in food seeking and when food reward is unpredictable . In mutant mice with reduced dopamine transporter (DAT kd) and elevated dopamine, we found that they are insensitive to behavioral energy expenditure . Their foraging behavior is dramatically biased towards exploring new environment rather than towards exploiting established food source . Interestingly, this behavioral effect can partially prevent obesity as DAT kd and ob/ob double mutants show partial rescue of severe obesity in ob/ob mice . These data suggest that DAT mutants have impaired thrifty behavior but they are less susceptible to obesity .

In order to understand if impaired thrifty behavior affects survival in conditions of limited food, we turned to Drosophila since it is much more suitable for large population and survival studies . DAT deficient flies show a similar bias towards exploration and less exploitation, and they are insensitive to behavioral energy expenditure as well . Although DAT deficient flies have normal lifespan in “home” environment with plenty of food, they can only survive for 2-4 days in our assay condition when food is limited, while wild-type flies can survive normally in our assay . Based on our studies, we make the following assumptions . 1) “Thrifty genes” could be genes that play important roles in food seeking decision-making rather than in metabolic pathways . 2) DAT is potentially an evolutionarily conserved thrifty gene . Its impairment and resultant elevated dopamine can affect survival in environment with limited food but may protect against obesity in environment of plenty . 3) The opposite of high dopamine, i .e ., low dopamine, may confer a thrifty disposition and susceptibility to obesity by favoring resource exploitation and energy conservation, a potential mechanism underlying the recently reported causal link in humans between low dopaminergic activity, over eating and obesity in environments of plenty . 4) Our simple Drosophila assay (one person can screen 120 lines per week) will allow us to perform quick genetic screening and look for thrifty genes . Loss of function mutations in a thrifty gene could be detected in our assay due to impaired survival . Since our assay is based on gene X environment interaction on survival, it will allow us to easily control for non-specific effects on survival .

We propose to perform EMS mutagenesis and search for thrifty genes based on our assay . We will be able to complete the screening of 15% of the entire Drosophila genome in one year . We will identify and establish mutant lines that have severely impaired thrifty phenotype .


For summer project, we will continue with our high throughput genetic screening as well as characterization of mutant lines identified in our screening . We will examine their food seeking decision making in detail and define the underlying molecular pathways and neural circuits .

M e t h o d s

Fly genetics . Quantification of value-based decision making . Quantification of metabolic activity . Histology .



Depending on the outcome of the project . Options are Annual Society for Neuroscience Meeting and Annual Drosophila Research Conference .



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O b s t e t r i c s & G y n e c o l o g y

M e n t o r : Michael Benson, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 945-9470E m a i l : benson .michael@comcast .netI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : EH02-343 (NorthShore)


Maternal-Fetal Immunology and Histology of the Placenta


We will be looking for fetal material in the maternal intervillous spaces of the placenta in 50 women who had uncomplicated vaginal deliveries .


There are two specific aims:

1 . To evaluate the effectiveness of the placenta as a physical barrier to leakage of fetal material (large molecules, cells, and hair) into the maternal circulation .

2 . To establish laboratory norms for the presence of fetal material in the maternal intervillous spaces of the placenta . In turn, this might be able to be used to diagnose pathologic states of the placenta, specifically amniotic fluid embolism .

M e t h o d s

50 placentas have already been collected in an IRB approved protocol and stored in paraffin blocks . Immunohistochemical staining for bile, mucin, and keratin will be performed to aid in identification of fetal material in the intervillous spaces of the placenta . The medical record contained in EPIC will be abstracted into an Excel spreadsheet to clinical parameters can be matched to the presence (or absence) of fetal material in the maternal circulation .

The medical student will be expected to abstract the medical record and review the stained slides from 50 placentas . An experienced pathologist will independently assess the slides as well . The student will then be expected to write the paper which will include a section on inter-observer variability . A biostatistician will be available to assist in data analysis . Dr . Benson will be available continuously to provide immediate and periodic help and guidance as needed . It is expected that a paper will be submitted to the literature within 12 months of starting the project and the project can be completely comfortably within the allotted time over the summer .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : SPSS (We have)


Dr . Benson will suggest conferences as appropriate for the student to attend .


N I H M i s s i o n : Note: Dr . Benson is providing generous funding to SRP to sponsor a student to work with him .

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yM e n t o r : Loraine Endres, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-2860E m a i l : lendres@Northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Postpartum Depression in Fathers: The Forgotten Family Member


Project Description: Postpartum depression in women is well studied . Due to the high prevalence of approximately 15%, current recommendations are that all women should be screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum . The EPDS consists of 10 questions that are usually self administered . A score of 13 or greater is considered a positive screen and should prompt referral for further evaluation . Prior studies have shown that the baby being admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) increases the risk for postpartum depression in mothers . Overall, there is little data on postpartum depression in fathers and no screening guidelines . Postpartum depression in men in particularly stressful situations such as NICU stay for the infant has received little attention . The goal of the study is to evaluate postpartum depression in men 4 to 6 weeks after the birth with a subset with an infant admitted to the NICU also receiving earlier screening at 1 week .


1 . To evaluate depression in men at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum using EPDS .

2 . To specifically target men with an infant admitted to the NICU for early screening at 1 week postpartum for comparison to their partner on the EPDS .

M e t h o d s

Methods: Families who deliver at Evanston Hospital will be approached to participate in the study . While on the postpartum floor of the Women’s Hospital, new fathers will be consented . They will then complete the EPDS 4 to 6 weeks postpartum by either mail or phone . Families who have a neonate in the NICU at 7 days postpartum will be offered participation and both parents will be screened with the EPDS then rescreened at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum .



The department of Obstetrics and Gynecology has weekly Grand Rounds and a weekly Perinatal conference along with frequent lectures for medical students, residents, and follows . The project will be submitted to the Society of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Annual Meeting for presentation .


M e n t o r : Kevin Hellman, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (872) 226-7124E m a i l : khellman@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : EH11-015


Neuroimmunological Causes of Pelvic Pain


Emerging evidence suggests a role for neuroimmunological pathways in the development of many chronic pain

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conditions . Our lab focuses on the neurobiology of pain with an emphasis on urogynecological pain conditions . One hypothesis is that infection of pelvic organs results in sensitization of nociceptive pathways, resulting in organ dysfunction and chronic pain . We have recently identified putative targets for reducing sensitization and would like to explore their utility in an animal model of pelvic pain . This research project heralds the potential to identify new therapeutics for the treatment of pelvic pain conditions .


1 . Investigate the effects of direct activation of the TLR signaling pathway in uterine contractility, arterial perfusion, pain and inflammation

2 . Characterize the effects of TLR antagonists and reducing pain in an animal model .

M e t h o d s

Our lab studies transgenic mice using a combination of optical nerve stimulation, laser doppler, physiological, histological and behavioral techniques . This project also engenders opportunities for collaboration with local experts in immunological signaling and parturition allowing the development of additional molecular biological skills .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Spike/Igor


International Association for the Science of Pain, Anesthesiology, Society for Neuroscience, Society for Gynecological Investigation, International Pelvic Pain Society .


N I H M i s s i o n : Digestive Diseases, Kidneys, Neurology



Neuroautonomic Modulation of Bladder and Uterine Pain


In our translational laboratory, our goal is to develop parallel approaches in human and animal research for better understanding of pelvic pain conditions . We have identified neuroautonomic biomarkers of pelvic pain in humans and animals . We hypothesize that alterations in sympathetic/parasympathetic activity participate in the maintenance of chronic pain states by alterations to spinal nociceptive circuitry . A corollary to this hypothesis is that neuroautonomic alterations could exacerbate inflammatory pain which maybe reversible by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications . This research project involves human subjects and development/analysis of new techniques .


1 . Investigate the relationship between pain severity and neuroautonomic state in humans with interstitial cystitis and dysmenorrhea .

2 . Characterize the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications on neuroautonomic state in humans with interstitial cystitis and dysmenorrhea .

M e t h o d s

Humans with chronic pelvic pain will undergo EKG, ultrasound and extensive quantitative sensory testing before

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yafter an analgesic dose of sodium naproxen . This project provides an opportunity for learning approaches towards merging clinical and basic research . Research participants will also learn many fundamental principles of pain medicine .








Peripheral Nerve Based Therapeutics For Uterine and Bladder Pain


Our lab focuses on the neurobiology of pain with an emphasis on urogynecological pain conditions . Pelvic nerves play a crucial role in uterine and bladder function and pain modulation, yet peripheral nerve based therapies have not achieved universal success . Our goal is to decipher the mechanisms of pelvic neurophysiology to pioneer novel therapeutic pain management strategies . The basic research proposed in this project will be a cornerstone for the development of better pain medicine techniques in humans .


1 . Evaluate the role of the inferior hypogastric, and pudendal nerve in uterine perfusion during healthy and model pelvic pain states .

2 . Compare neurological and anti-inflammatory strategies for improving pelvic pain in an animal model .

M e t h o d s

Our lab studies transgenic mice using a combination of optical nerve stimulation, laser doppler, physiological, histological and behavioral techniques . Research participants will have the opportunity to develop basic research skills . Additional training from expert laparoscopic surgeons would allow the opportunity to hone advanced surgical skills






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M e n t o r : Emmet Hirsch, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-1546E m a i l : ehirsch@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : EH-08-008


Toll-Like Receptor Signaling In The Pathogenesis and Prevention of Prematurity


The proposed student project is part of my laboratory’s ongoing investigation of the molecular pathophysiology of preterm labor . Preterm birth is the most important problem in Obstetrics in developed countries .

Our lab has focused on one of the major causes of preterm labor, namely infection . In recent findings we have shown that toll like receptors (TLRs, membrane bound receptors that activate the innate immune system in response to binding molecular constituents of pathogens) are critical and early mediators of the processes by which infection leads to labor . The studies demonstrating this were conducted in a mouse model (in part using a variety of mutant, or ‘knockout’ mice) and in in vitro model systems .

The student project focuses on the interesting observation that the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C) leads to preterm delivery in 40% of animals deficient in the adaptor protein TRIF (no different from controls), even though TRIF is thought to be necessary for TLR3 signaling . The molecular basis of this phenomenon will be explored by the student in an in vitro culturing system .


Measure the relative expression of mRNAs for inflammatory markers (interleukin (IL-) 1ß, tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa), and the chemokine CCL5 in peritoneal macrophages freshly isolated from 4 strains of mice (wild-type, MyD88 knockout, TRIF knockout and MyD88/TRIF double knockout) exposed to various TLR ligands .

M e t h o d s

Peritoneal cells will be extracted from the above strains of mice after thioglycolate stimulation . Because of restrictions on animal work, it is possible the student may not be eligible to perform this part of the protocol – if so, the peritoneal washes will be prepared by a different lab member and given to the student to complete the rest of the study . Peritoneal macrophages plated in vitro will be exposed to various TLR ligands or medium for 5 hours, then washed and harvested for total RNA extraction using a commercially available kit . RNA will be analyzed for expression of the above inflammatory markers by real-time PCR . The above will be performed 3 separate times . The student will analyze the results using a spreadsheet to compute the relative expression of each of the transcripts of interest under each set of exposures in comparison to control . Tests of significance will be Student t-test and/or ANOVA, as appropriate .



• The Hirsch lab conducts a weekly lab meeting in which the student will participate as a full member, presenting his/her experiences in the lab each week .

• The Perinatal Research Group, comprised of basic and clinical investigators from the Divisions of Obstetrics, Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Neonatology, meets weekly to review current research findings of its members, conduct journal club or listen to presentations by outside speakers .

• The Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics each hold weekly Grand Rounds

• A weekly Perinatal conference presents clinical topics in Obstetrics, Neonatology, Perinatal Pathology and Clinical Genetics .

• The student will be expected to present his or her findings in a lecture format to the Perinatal Research Group at

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ythe end of the summer experience . Our expectation is that the experiments will result in publication in which the student will be named as an author .


M e n t o r : Amanda Horton, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-2860E m a i l : ahorton@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Maternal Factors Influencing Antepartum Pertussis Vaccination


Pertussis, or whooping cough, is caused by Bordetella pertussis, and is an acute and prolonged infectious illness . Widespread immunization was implemented in the 1950s . Given waning immunity, the incidence of pertussis is rising in adolescents and adults . There is an alarmingly high rate of pertussis in infants < 6 months of age, who are too young to complete their primary pertussis series at 2, 4, and 6 months of age . Studies demonstrate that 75% of infants with pertussis acquire the infection from a household contat, most often their mothers .

In mid 2011, the Centers for Disease Control announced new vaccinate guidelines for pregnant woman . Previously, the CDC had recommended women be immunized shortly after birth, but have reversed their policy to now included pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimester . Despite the previous recommendations for vaccinate, reported rates among postpartum women, remained suboptimal .


To identify maternal factors that influence the acceptance of the pertussis vaccine during pregnancy .

M e t h o d s

This is a survey based study . Women receiving their prenatal care in the Obstetrics Clinics at Evanston Hospital will be take a self administered questionnaire . This questionnaire will explore their knowledge of pertussis, the availability of the pertussis vaccine during pregnancy, and will look at constructs similar to a Likert scale to assess their knowledge of their perception about the effects of pertussis to themselves and their newborns .



Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine, Infectious Diseases of Obstetrics and Gynecology


M e n t o r : Beth Plunkett, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-4038E m a i l : bplunkett@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Cardiac Overgrowth and Unexplained Stillbirth

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The World Health Organization reports that in developed countries, one in one in 100-200 pregnancies tragically ends in stillbirth . The incidence of unexplained stillbirth is six to eight times higher than that of sudden infant death, making stillbirth one of the most common yet least studied adverse pregnancy outcomes . Surprisingly, 50-80% of these fetal deaths in the last trimester of pregnancy remain unexplained even after a standard autopsy investigation . Women with diabetes are at particularly high risk fort this devastating outcome . However, the cause of this increased fetal mortality is not well-understood . We have evaluated several cases in our lab in recent years in which marked cardiac overgrowth (fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) was noted in the stillborn infants of diabetic women . From our initial observations, we suspect that cardiac overgrowth and concomitant compromise in cardiac function were key contributing factors to the fetal demise . We also suspect that cardiac overgrowth is mediated by powerful growth factors, such as insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) .


In this project, we aim to evaluate the cohort of stillbirths at NorthShore over the past 25 years to determine 1) the incidence of fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in otherwise unexplained stillbirths 2) to evaluate the association with maternal diabetes 3) to determine if IGF-I signaling pathways are activated in the setting of fetal cardiac overgrowth

This project is complementary to 2 other ongoing projects: 1) a prospective cohort study of diabetic mothers to evaluate fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the use of maternal serum IGF-1 as a surveillance marker and 2) IGF-I signaling pathways in a rat model of fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy induced by maternal diabetes .

An interested student would be welcome to participate in these projects as well .

M e t h o d s

Study design: Retrospective cohort study of all third trimester unexplained stillbirths at NorthShore in the past 25 years (approximately 200 cases anticipated)

Exposure: Maternal diabetes

Outcome: Fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and activation of IGF-I signaling pathways

Methods: All autopsy reports of third trimester stillbirths at NorthShore in the past 25 years will be reviewed . Only unexplained stillbirths will be included in the analysis . Charts will be reviewed to confirm that no other etiologies have been detected . Maternal diabetes status and demographic information will be abstracted . Paraffin-embedded blocks of cardiac tissue will be obtained along with H&E slides . Slides will be evaluated for evidence of fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sections will be stained for IGF-I activated (phosphorylated) proteins . Cases without evidence of fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy will be used as controls . Data analysis will be performed to determine the incidence of fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the stillborn population and the incidence among women with diabetes .

Anticipated results: We anticipate a 20% incidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the stillborn population and a 40% incidence among infants of diabetic mothers and that IGF-I signaling pathways will be activated in these cases .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : SPSS, MiniTab


Weekly conferences include the following: Lab Meeting, OB/GYN Grand Rounds, Perinatal Conference, Perinatal Research Group Meeting .



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yM e n t o r : Gustavo Rodriguez, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-2639E m a i l : gcr1959@mac .comA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Larry ThaeteA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : Lthaete@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : EH08-419


Development of Pharmacologic Approaches For Prevention of Ovarian Cancer


There is immense potential to decrease ovarian cancer incidence and mortality through prevention . Extensive epidemiological evidence has shown that routine use of the combination estrogen–progestin oral contraceptive pill (OCP) confers a remarkable 30-50% reduction in the risk of developing subsequent epithelial ovarian cancer . Based on our research findings, we believe the progestin component of the OCP is functioning as a chemopreventive agent by activating potent and well-known molecular signaling pathways . Human data demonstrate that progestin-potent OCPs confer twice the ovarian cancer protection as newer weak-progestin OCPs .

A strategy to increase progestin potency is to combine a progestin with a second preventive agent that is non-toxic and enhances progestin efficacy . In this regard, there is strong epidemiological and laboratory evidence in support of vitamin D for the prevention of malignancy, including ovarian cancer, making vitamin D an attractive second agent . Importantly, we have discovered that progesterone and vitamin D have synergistic inhibitory effects on cell viability in cells derived from the ovarian epithelium . This effect is shown by a marked increase in apoptosis . We have also made the novel discovery that progestin can inhibit and degrade CYP24, the enzyme that renders vitamin D inactive . By inhibiting vitamin D’s degradation via inhibition of CYP24, the active form of vitamin D has a longer local biologic half life, and thus cellular effect .

We hypothesize that progestins and vitamin D both target the early steps of carcinogenesis in the ovarian surface epithelium, and that the combination of progestin and vitamin D will more effectively prevent ovarian cancer than either agent administered alone . The student will have the opportunity to further develop this hypothesis by examining the inhibitory effect of vitamin D (1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3), progesterone, and the combination in tumor-derived cells lines and in a prospective study using athymic nude mice .


1 . To determine the relative efficacy of vitamin D, progesterone, and combined vitamin D and progesterone in inhibiting growth of tumor cells in culture and of tumors in mice .

2 . To determine the impact of treatment with vitamin D, progesterone, or combined vitamin D and progesterone on CYP24 enzyme production in tumor cells in culture and tumors in mice .

M e t h o d s

For the in vitro studies, established tumor cell lines will be grown and treated with 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 or an analog, with progesterone, and with vitamin D and progesterone combined . Total RNA and protein will be extracted for the analysis of gene expression by RT-PCR and for protein production of CYP24 and apoptosis-related molecules .

For the in vivo studies, athymic nude mice will be injected with tumor cell suspensions and then treated with vitamin D, progesterone, or the combination, and tumor growth will be monitored . Tumors will be assessed for apoptosis by both morphologic and molecular assays . They will also be assayed for the expression of molecular markers including CYP24, Ki-67, and transforming growth factor-beta . Statistical comparisons using ANOVA will be made among treatment groups and controls .


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• The Rodriguez lab conducts frequent lab meetings in which the student will participate as a full member, presenting his/her experiences in the lab each week .

• The Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology holds weekly Grand Rounds .

• The American Association for Cancer Research and the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists annual meetings provide an opportunity for abstract submission and presentation of mature research findings . Depending on the progress made, the student could be eligible to participate .


O r g a n i s m a l B i o l o g y & A n a t o m y

M e n t o r : Callum Ross, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Organismal Biology & Anatomy Te l e p h o n e : (773) 834-7858E m a i l : rossc@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Assessment of Clinical Significance of Gross Anatomy Course Content At University of Chicago


Design of effective preclinical medical school courses that meet the needs of future clinicians depends on dialog between teaching faculty and clinical practitioners . This dialog is seldom structured systematically . The proposed project will remedy this deficiency by soliciting feedback from University of Chicago Medical Center physicians and medical students on the relative importance of course material in “The Human Body”, the human gross anatomy course at Pritzker School of Medicine . We will evaluate relationships between these opinions and clinical subdiscipline, years since graduation, year of medical school . The project is ideal for a student with interest in medical education and curricular reform .


The aim of this project is to collect systematic data on the perceptions of different groups of clinicians and medical students on the relative importance of different components of the gross anatomy dissection .

M e t h o d s

The work entails: preparing an online questionnaire regarding the course content in collaboration with Dr . Ross; distributing it online to University of Chicago physicians; collating, analyzing and presenting the results . The data will be used to review course content and plan curricular changes . Long term plans are to solicit these data from a broader community .



American Association of Anatomists


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M e n t o r : Cathryn Nagler, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : PathologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6317E m a i l : cnagler@bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Garcia WilsonA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : gwilson@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-507B


Evaluation of Esophageal Microbiome In Eosinophilic Esophagitis


Food allergies are rising in prevalence, particularly in children; in the United States three million children (4 out of every 100) were reported to have an allergic response to food in 2007 . We have hypothesized that environmental factors, specifically the enteric bacterial microbiome, are driving the increasing prevalence of food allergic disease . Over the past decade a new group of diseases associated with aberrant responses to food, the eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) has been recognized . EGIDs are characterized by various gastrointestinal symptoms that occur in the setting of mucosal eosinophilia . The best defined of the EGIDs is eosinophilic esophagitis or EoE . EoE presents with feeding difficulties, vomiting and abdominal pain in children and dysphagia/food impaction in the adolescent/adult . Over 2/3 of EoE patients have evidence of allergic hyperreactivity, predominantly to food allergens, and dietary modification provides symptomatic relief in EoE .

The availability of mucosal biopsy samples essential to the diagnosis of EoE, but not other food allergic disease, has led us to choose EoE for our initial translational studies examining how the composition of the enteric microbiome regulates susceptibility to allergic disease .


Does the commensal esophageal microbiome regulate susceptibility to eosinophilic esophagitis?

M e t h o d s

This ongoing study is currently being performed in collaboration with Drs . Tiffany Patton, Timothy Sentongo and Stefano Guandalini in Pediatric GI . We plan to initiate a study in adult patients this summer . DNA will be isolated from esophageal and duodenal biopsy samples from children (or adults) undergoing an upper GI endoscopic evaluation and sequenced to obtain information about microbial content . Future work will also focus on an examination of the expression of inflammatory mediators in the mucosal biopsy tissue .



Weekly lab meeting, GI research conference



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M e n t o r : Cathryn Nagler, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : PathologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6317E m a i l : cnagler@bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Garcia WilsonA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : gwilson@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 72039


Mechanisms By Which Helminth Infection Alters Vaccine Efficacy


Allergens and helminth infection are the two types of stimuli known to uniquely induce Th2 biased responses and the production of IgE . Surprisingly, however, we found that dietary allergens induce Th2 responses without the development of atopy (IgE) in helminth-infected mice . In both our murine model and in epidemiological studies in the developing world, enteric helminth infection protects against allergic disease . Protection correlates with the helminth’s ability to induce a modified Th2 response, characterized by the production of Th2 cytokines in the context of high levels of immunomodulatory IL-10 and increased numbers of regulatory T cells . The immunomodulatory features of helminth infection have also been shown to be effective in controlling intestinal inflammation in both murine models and in clinical trials of patients with inflammatory bowel disease .

Helminth infection is endemic in much of the developing world and, most recently, we have examined whether its potent immunomodulatory properties also present a challenge to effective vaccination . We found that chronic enteric helminth infection impairs the serum antibody response to a protein antigen adsorbed to alum and administered by intramuscular injection (as a model for the form of antigen that serves as the basis for nearly all currently licensed human vaccines) . Helminth infection also impairs the antibody response to the same antigen expressed using an attenuated Salmonella strain as a mucosal vaccine vector . Although currently little studied, our findings make clear that strategies to counter the ability of endemic helminth infection to modulate the response to both of these commonly used forms of vaccination will be an important consideration for future vaccines designed for implementation in the developing world .


To examine the influence of helminth infection on vaccine-specific B cell biology and function, including memory cell formation, recall responses and germinal center development .

M e t h o d s

1 . Utilize antigen capture methods to determine the phenotype of the various B cell populations in helminth infected and non-infected mice

2 . Single cell sorting and PCR to determine if antigen specific cells from helminth infected mice have undergone the same level of somatic hypermutation as cells from non-infected mice




P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences Global Health


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yM e n t o r : Cathryn Nagler, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : PathologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6317E m a i l : cnagler@bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Garcia WilsonA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : gwilson@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 72114


How Do Diet-Induced Changes In The Composition of The Intestinal Microbiota Regulate Allergic Responses To Food?


The Centers for Disease Control documented an 18% increase in the prevalence of reported food allergy for children under 18 between 1997 and 2007 . Gene-environment interactions have been implicated in this dramatic increase in disease prevalence over a short period of time . It is increasingly clear that adaptive immunity has been shaped by its coevolution with symbiotic commensal bacteria, and that the composition of this bacterial microbiota is highly responsive to environmental stimuli . We have used several murine models to describe a population of mucosa-associated bacteria critical in regulating allergic responses to food . Regulatory T cells induced by these bacteria are deficient in mice unable to signal via TLR4 (the receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and in mice treated with a cocktail of broad-spectrum antibiotics . Diet also shapes the composition of the microbiota and several recent studies have shown that the consumption of a high fat Western diet (and its associated alteration of the microbiota) is linked to a variety of diseases including obesity, metabolic disorders and diabetes . Diet has also been linked to the rising incidence of allergic disease and preliminary data from our lab shows that mice weaned onto a high fat diet have significantly increased allergic responses to food when compared to low fat diet controls . We will use both specific pathogen free (SPF) and germ free mouse models to examine the mechanisms by which dietary fat alters enteric microbial structure to promote allergic responses to food .


How does dietary fat induced alteration of the commensal microbiota influence susceptibility to allergic responses to food?

M e t h o d s

Transfer of sorted, microbiota induced, Tregs to wild type or TLR4-/- mice weaned onto low fat or high fat diets and evaluation of susceptibility to allergic sensitization

Examination of susceptibility to allergy after transfer of the diet-modulated microbiome to germ free mice






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M e n t o r : Catherine Reardon, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : PathologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2557E m a i l : reardon@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Godfrey GetzA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : getz@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 69271


Role of Serum Amyloid A In Acute Sepsis and Reverse Cholesterol Transport


Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a plasma protein that increases >1,000-fold following infection and tissue destructive processes termed the acute phase response . Its dramatic increase and its high conservation among different species demand a biological function, which remains unclear . SAA found in the plasma associated with HDL . High plasma SAA levels are associated with increased cardiovascular disease, yet whether they are markers of inflammation or if they have a biological role in promoting or attenuating atherosclerosis is not clear . The goal of this project is to examine potential biological functions of the acute phase inducible SAA isoforms SAA1 and SAA2 . These studies will be performed in mice deficient in SAA1 and 2 .


To test the hypothesis that the acute phase proteins have beneficial functions in the acute phase response and promote the transfer of excess cholesterol from the periphery, especially macrophages, to the liver for excretion .

M e t h o d s

Acute phase model

• Sepsis will be induced by cecal ligation and puncture in wild type and SAA deficient mice

• Monitor mice for symptoms of sepsis

• Analyze blood for cytokines via ELISA and lipoproteins via FPLC

• Monitoring attenuation of inflammatory response of activated macrophages by non-acute phase HDL, acute phase HDL obtained from wild type animals, acute phase HDL obtained from SAA deficient mice in vitro

Reverse cholesterol transport

• Induce a sterile acute phase response in wild type and SAA deficient mice

• Monitor flux of cholesterol from radiolabeled macrophages into plasma, liver and feces

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : StatView


The student will participate in weekly lab meetings and attend seminars presented by the Department of Pathology .



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yM e n t o r : Catherine Reardon, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : PathologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2557E m a i l : reardon@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Godfrey GetzA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : getz@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 69271


Attenuation of Acute Sepsis by Apoa-I Mimetic Peptides


18 amino acid long a-helical peptides based on the structural repeat units in apoA-I, the major apoprotein in HDL, have been shown to have anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties . These apoA-I mimetic peptides are potentially useful therapeutic agents in humans and studies in humans have been initiated . 4F, the most extensively studied peptide, has been shown to bind to oxidized lipids . The goal of this project is to compare variants of 4F peptides for their anti-inflammatory properties in vivo . This will be studied in a polymicrobial sepsis model . The ability of the peptides to reduce morbidity, attenuate cardiac dysfunction and cytokine production and influence the lipoprotein profile in sepsis mice will be examined . These studies will be performed in wild type mice, mice lacking apoA-I, and mice lacking HDL .


To test the hypothesis that the ability of apoA-I mimetic peptides to attenuate inflammation is dependent upon its ability to bind oxidized lipids and is independent of the presence of HDL .

M e t h o d s

• Sepsis will be induced by cecal ligation and puncture

• Treat animals with peptides

• Analyze blood for cytokines via ELISA and lipoproteins via FPLC

• Monitoring attenuation of inflammatory response by peptide in vitro using LPS treated macrophages

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : StatView


The student will participate in weekly lab meetings and attend seminars presented by the Department of Pathology .



M e n t o r : Lucia Schuger, MDD e p a r t m e n t : PathologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4784E m a i l : lschuger@bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16818B


Pathogenesis of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

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Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, often fatal disease affecting exclusively young women . LAM is characterized by infiltration of the lungs by neoplastic cells with combined smooth muscle and melanocytic differentiation (LAM cells) . Dissemination of LAM cells causes progressive cystic destruction of the lungs and eventually respiratory insufficiency, mandating lung transplantation . LAM is etiologically associated with mutations in the genes coding for tuberin and hamartin . These two proteins form a dimer that inhibits the mTOR pathway of cell growth and proliferation . However, the level of activation of the mTOR pathway in LAM is unknown . The student's project will be to determine the expression and activation of the tuberin-hamartin-mTOR pathway and its downstream effectors in tissue sections of lungs removed from LAM patients while undergoing lung transplant .


To determine whether the tuberin-hamartin-mTOR pathway is activated in lymphangioleiomyomatosis

M e t h o d s

Single and double immunohistochemistry, flurochrome labeling of antibodies, confocal microscopy, and mRNA in situ hybridization including generation and labeling of ISH probes

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Research, Medical Education


P e d i a t r i c s — A c a d e m i c P e d i a t r i c s

M e n t o r : Daniel Johnson, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—Academic PediatricsTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-0497E m a i l : djohnson@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Tamara HamlishA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : thamlish@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-684-E, 11-0637-E, 11-0293-E, Exempt


Evaluating The Impact of Echo in an Urban Underserved Community


Project ECHO is an innovative case-based, telehealth intervention to empower community-based primary care physicians (PCP's) to provide state-of-the-art hypertension care to patients on Chicago's South Side . The Project ECHO model was developed by physicians at the University of New Mexico (UNM) to enhance treatment of common, chronic diseases in rural areas . Recent studies show that patients in rural areas who are treated for Hepatitis C (HCV) by ECHO-trained PCPs , receive care that is on par with that provided at UNM . Physicians in New Mexico have accomplished this through enhanced training and co-management of HCV by UNM specialists and rural PCP's . The Project ECHO model is like a “virtual rounds”; videoconference sessions are conducted every other week and include with three main components: 1) didactic by academic medical center specialists, 2) case-based learning through presentation of challenging cases by community PCP's, and discussion among all participants, and 3) iterative review of previously presented cases to reinforce didactic and case-based learning . Evidence suggests that the benefits of ECHO participation extends beyond participating PCPs to other providers in the practice who regard ECHO participants as local experts . While Project ECHO has proven effective in the rural setting, we seek to demonstrate its effectiveness in the urban setting by partnering with Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC's) located in Chicago's medically underserved South Side . In collaboration with PCPs at these FQHC's, we are conducting ECHO sessions focused on three common, chronic diseases: Resistant Hypertension (R-HTN), pediatric Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and primary care for breast cancer survivors (BC) . Epidemiologic

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studies indicate that adverse outcomes from these diseases are significantly higher among residents of Chicago's South Side compared to Chicago as a whole . Our long-term goals are to use the Project ECHO model to teach urban PCP's how to manage common chronic diseases and thereby reduce the high rates of related morbidity and mortality on Chicago's South Side . We expect the public health impact of this program will be significant as this model will enhance access of uninsured and underinsured patients to PCPs who have received training from university-based specialists in the management of chronic, complex diseases . In the long term, this model can be used to enhance the community based care of numerous chronic health conditions, including diabetes, asthma, obesity, sickle cell disease, and depression .


We have identified three Specific Aims . Specific Aims 1 and 2 are applied across all three disease areas . Specific Aim 3 identifies changes in health outcomes related to each specific disease

• To increase PCP self-efficacy and PCP knowledge in one of the three disease areas by at least 20%;

• To increase recognition of and reliance on ECHO-trained PCPs as local experts in the management of the R-HTN, pediatric ADHD, and BC survivors;

• To improve health outcomes within 12 months in the designated patient population for patient cases presented at ECHO sessions:

• Reduce systolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg in 100% of patient cases

• Reduce Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale (VADPRS) scores by 25% for 80% of patient cases

• Increase compliance with adjuvant therapy for breast cancer in 50% of patient cases

M e t h o d s

Using videoconferencing technology, Project ECHO will link primary care providers (PCP) in affiliated FQHC’s with a specialist at the University of Chicago . The specialist will design and lead a curriculum comprised of twice monthly 60-minute sessions . Each session will include a 20 minute lecture, presentation of two new challenging patient cases, followed by discussion of these cases and discussion of previously presented cases . Videoconference sessions are held from 8:00am to 9:00a .m . on alternating Mondays (R-HTN, BC)and alternating Thursdays (ADHD . Two new cases cases will be presented during each videoconference . Discussion of these cases will permit study participants to learn from each other about effective therapies and will reinforce the clinical instruction of the specialist . Surveys to assess PCP self-efficacy and knowledge will be distributed prior to the start of the curriculum and at six-month intervals . Surveys to assess recognition of ECHO-trained providers as a local resource will be administered at six-month intervals . Health outcomes will be documented through patient case presentation templates used for presenting cases at videoconference sessions .



Midwest Society of General Internal Medicine

National Society of General Internal Medicine

Central Society for Clinical Sciences

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Medical Education, Community Health, Quality/Safety

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P e d i a t r i c s — D e v e l o p m e n t a l

M e n t o r : Michael Msall, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—DevelopmentalTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-3095E m a i l : mmsall@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 135608


The Pediatric Developmental Outcome and Family Support Measurement Program is an interdisciplinary clinical research laboratory that examines the impact of biomedical technologies (cardiopulmonary, genetic, neurological) on developmental processes (motor, communicative, learning, and family well-being) . With colleagues in neonatology, endocrinology, genetics, developmental medicine, child neurology, psychology, epidemiology, and health services, we have examined impacts of translational biomedical interventions (corticosteroids, surfactant replacement, inhaled nitric oxide) on neurodevelopmental disability, kindergarten readiness, and educational achievement . Among children with disabilities (Down syndrome, Rett syndrome, autism, cerebral palsy, genetic disorders), we have examined factors that optimize functional status, child health, and family well-being . We have also developed population based approaches involving over 750,000 children with special needs so as to understand the impact of biomedical and social factors on child disability . There are several projects to choose from, depending upon the student’s interest . Current projects include measuring neuroprotection in preterm infants after inhaled nitric oxide, middle childhood outcome and educational supports after extreme prematurity, health, development, and adaptive outcomes in preschoolers with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, ffunctional status and participation in children with cerebral palsy, developmental outcomes as well as early functional status and family well-being among children with autism, developmental surveillance, health status, and family well-being in neonatal diabetes, health, developmental and family outcomes in children with lysosomal storage disorders, and after expanded newborn screening . Individuals interested in pediatrics, child neurology, genetics, health disparities, and developmental disabilities are welcomed to apply .


To determine developmental pathways at key ages for motor, communicative, learning, and adaptive skills for children receiving translational technologies, evidence-based intervention for prematurity, inborn erros of metabolism, autistic spectrum disorders, and cerebral palsy, or with complex disorders of brain structure and function (cerebral palsy, autistic spectrum disorder, intellectual disability) .

M e t h o d s

The student would be able to learn skills in population surveys, structured interviews, and developmental observations for assessing emerging regulatory, motor, communicative, learning, and adaptive skills . The student would be trained to use developmental screening and assessment tools commonly used and would assist, as appropriate, with the development of a video library that facilitates application of functional observations in preschool aged children and school aged children after receiving translational medical technologies . The student would also have the opportunity to assist with the creation of a disorder-specific research registry, developmental outcome tracking systems, and data analysis



The student would be expected to participate during the summer in research team meetings on Wednesday afternoons (1 PM-3 PM) and Thursday mornings (9:30-11:30 am) . During the spring quarter, attendance would be expected when possible . The Advisor will meet weekly with the student and daily during the summer . In addition, there will be core reading on infant regulation, child disability, neonatology, genetics, ethics, and early child assessment . In addition, there are bi-weekly journal club meetings on controversies in developmental and behavioral pediatrics, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and health services integration .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Community Health

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eP e d i a t r i c s — E m e r g e n c y M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : Lisa McQueen, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—Emergency MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-0858E m a i l : lmcqueen@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Nanah Park, MDA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : npark@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Adolescents’ Self-Perception in Asthma Exacerbation


Existing research has shown that adolescents’ perceptions of the severity of their asthma during an acute exacerbation do not necessarily correlate with objective measures of severity . Adolescents often underestimate their symptoms . Previous research has addressed different possibilities of why adolescents prove to be poor judges of their symptoms and consequently, the severity of their condition . In this study, we intend to evaluate the lack of correlation between subjective and objective measures of severity during an asthma exacerbation in adolescents in the Emergency Department . In addition, we have found no studies examining the impact of education on the ability of adolescents to accurately assess their acute asthma exacerbation . Therefore, we will be comparing these adolescents in the Emergency Department to adolescents presenting to an outpatient clinic at Friend Family Health Center for an asthma exacerbation . This population would theoretically represent the well educated group with a regular primary care provider . We hypothesize that adolescents are unable to accurately assess their asthma severity, even in the setting of proper education . However, if education increases patient assessment accuracy, further investigation should be conducted for best practices relating to tools and methods for educating adolescent asthmatics .


The purpose of this study is to compare adolescents’ self-perception of their asthma symptoms to objective measurements of pulmonary function in both the Emergency Department setting and in an outpatient clinic . Knowledge gained in this study can be utilized to better manage and treat asthma in adolescents .

M e t h o d s

Participants will be asked to complete two questionnaires that have previously been validated . These are the Acute Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AAQLQ) as well as the ACT (Asthma Control Test) . They will also be asked to answer some questions regarding basic demographics and their personal asthma history .

The scores from these questionnaires will be compared against an objective measure of asthma severity which will include the Asthma Score (already implemented in the University of Chicago’s Emergency Department) as well as percent predicted peak flow measurements . No interventions or tests in excess of typical protocol at the University of Chicago will be administered .

The Asthma Score incorporates 5 components scored on a 1-3 scale . These include assessment of respiratory rate, oxygen saturation (on room air if possible), auscultation, retractions and degree of dyspnea (please see table) . Scores range from 5-15 . A score of 5-7 indicates mild asthma, 8-11 moderate asthma, and 12-15 severe asthma .

Percent predicated peak flow will also be measured in the ER as standard protocol already implemented . These will also be categorized as mild, moderate or severe . A score >70% = mild, 50-70% = moderate and < 50% = severe .

The protocol is anticipated to begin January 1, 2012 and last through December 31, 2012 . In that time period, we plan to have enrolled enough subjects to determine correlation between subjective and objective measurements with a sufficient amount of precision .

The scores from these questionnaires will be compared against an objective measure of asthma severity which will

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include the Asthma Score (already implemented in the University of Chicago’s Emergency Department) as well as percent predicted peak flow measurements . .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Biostatistician is part of the project team, MRView/Epic

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Research


P e d i a t r i c s — H e m a t o l o g y / O n c o l o g y

M e n t o r : Eric Beyer, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—Hematology/OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-2086E m a i l : ecbeyer@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71405, Exempt


Molecular Regulation of Intercellular Communication


Gap junction channels provide a direct pathway linking cells in virtually all tissues of the body, facilitating the intercellular exchange of ions and small molecules . This direct intercellular communication is critical for electrical conduction by passage of ions in heart and smooth muscle, for coordination of cellular functions through sharing of second messengers and for cellular survival through sharing of nutrients and metabolites . Mutations of the subunit gap junction proteins (connexins) have been identified as a genetic basis of arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation), cataracts,

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Oculodentodigital dysplasia, deafness, and skin diseases . Our laboratory has cloned many of the connexin genes and characterized their biochemical, cellular, and physiological properties .


Depending on interests, a student could pursue a project related to:

• Cardiac Arrhythmias: studying abnormalities of connexins (mutations, expression levels, distribution, etc) associated with idiopathic atrial fibrillation

• Congenital Cataracts: tissue culture or mouse studies of connexin mutants identified in families with inherited congenital cataracts

• Cancer: roles of gap junction mediated intercellular communication in the therapy of cancers by augmentation of apoptotic stimuli

• Connexin cell biology/physiology: structure-function relations between connexin sequence and channel properties and regulation

• Vascular biology: roles of connexin "hemi-channels" in cellular injury and disruption of endothelial barrier function

M e t h o d s

The student will work independently under the primary mentorship of Dr . Beyer with assistance from senior members of the laboratory group . Technical approaches will vary depending on the exact project . Commonly utilized procedures include DNA manipulation through PCR amplification, subcloning and sequence analysis; expression of recombinant mutant and wild type connexins; protein detection by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy; and analysis of connexin function by passage of microinjected dye tracers, by electrophysiological approaches, and by effects on cell growth and signaling cascades .

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yS o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : No Software Needed


The students meet with Dr . Beyer regularly to discuss the progress of the project . All members of our research group participate in weekly laboratory research/data meetings and journal club . Subsets of our research group have weekly meetings with collaborating investigators . The student is also welcome to attend regular conferences of the Section of pediatric Hematology/Oncology (such as Tumor Board, Clinical Conference, and Laboratory and Clinical Sciences conferences) or the Department of Pediatrics (including Grand Rounds and Morning Report) .


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Heart, Lungs, Neurology

P e d i a t r i c s — N e o n a t o l o g y

M e n t o r : William Meadow, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—NeonatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6210E m a i l : wlm1@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 8828


Ethics and Epidemiology in the NICU


Our research lies at the intersection of medical ethics, medical epidemiology, and neonatal intensive care . If informed consent is at the heart of modern medical ethics, we wonder how well-informed the parents of our patients are . Specifically, how accurate are the assessments of the care providers (MDs, RNs, NNPs) for these babies, in real time (that is, while the care is being provided, as opposed to after-the-fact?) We are studying the fit between prognostication and outcomes for infants in the NICU who are sick enough to require mechanical ventilation, and whose outcome (live, die, neurologic morbidity) is not yet clear .


To determine the accuracy of prognostications of mortality and morbidity for NICU infants while they are in the NICU .

M e t h o d s

Students will learn to:Survey health-care workers in the NICU .Calculate algorithmic illness severity scores for NICU babies .Assess neurologic morbidity in follow-up examinations .Correlate predictions with outcomes using appropriate statistical assessments .

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Epic or MRVIEW and Excel


Students will be expected to attend daily morning NICU rounds, and weekly Pediatric Grand Rounds, NICU teaching conferences, and ethics consultation conferences .

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M e n t o r : William Meadow, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatricss—NeonatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6210E m a i l : WLM1@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 8828


Prognostication in the NICU and MICU


Critically ill patients in the NICU and MICU are offered invasive medical interventions with the hope of ultimate successful outcomes . We continue to study the accuracy of the intuitions of medical caretakers about the outcomes of the infants in their care, in order to provide their parents with the most accurate information with which to make their decisions about their baby’s care .

In a population of mechanically ventilated infants in the NICU, we have previously demonstrated that caretaker intuitions of mortality are often wrong -- one third of infants predicted to “die before discharge” survive nonetheless . However, intuitions of “die” appear to predict the combined outcome of “die or survive with permanent neurologic morbidity very well -- fewer than 10 infants out of 100 predicted to “die before discharge” are normal at 12 months corrected age . (Meadow et al . Pediatrics 2002 109:878-886) . Similar results have been found in the MICU W Meadow, A Pohlman, L Frain, Y Ren, JP Kress, W Teuteberg, J Hall 2011 Power and Limitations of Daily Prognostications of Death in the MICU, Critical Care Medicine 39[3]: 474-479

However, the NICU and MICU are constantly changing environments . We are obligated to continue to evaluate the “fit” between our prognostications and actual patient outcomes in order to best inform our parents of the likely benefits and burdens of ICU intervention .


The proposed research asks medical caretakers (residents/fellows/nurses/NNPs/attendings about their intuitions regarding the likely survival or non-survival of infants in their care in the NICU . These intuitions are then linked to the outcomes of the babies (live/die; length of NICU stay; neurologic condition if they survive) .

M e t h o d s

Infants requiring mechanical ventilation in the NICU and patients in the MICU comprise the study population . Trained research assistants identify the medical caretakers of these infants (residents, nurses, NNPs, fellows, attendings) and ask them one question -- “do you think this baby will survive to be discharged from the NICU, or die in the NICU during this hospitalization”? if the intuition is “survive till discharge” one follow-up question is asked -- “do you think this child will have no/mild/moderate/severe neurologic morbidity”?

The caretaker intuitions are collected privately and individually by trained research assistants . They are not shared with any other caretakers .

These intuitions are then correlated with neurologic outcomes of the infants, as they return to our NICU follow-up clinic . They are also correlated with the following patient demographic information; birthweight, gestational age, length of hospital stay, survival, outcomes at 6 months after ICU admission



None



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P e d i a t r i c s — N e u r o l o g y

M e n t o r : Wim van Drongelen, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—NeurologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-9049E m a i l : wvandron@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Simulation and Analysis of Network Activity Patterns and Transition Into Seizure-Like Oscillation


The student will develop and perform simulations for neuronal activity based on theoretical networks .

The project is a collaboration with Dr . Cowan from the Department of Mathematics .


To establish neuronal parameters responsible for onset, propagation and cessation of seizure-like oscillations .

M e t h o d s

Simulation and analysis

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Matlab


Computational Neuroscience, SfN, Cosyne



P e d i a t r i c s — P u l m o n a r y M e d i c i n e

M e n t o r : David Gozal, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—Pulmonary MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-3360A l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Yang Wang, MD, PhDA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : ywang@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : ACUP 72043


Sleep apnea results in substantial neurocognitive and behavioral deficits in both adults and children . Studies using rodent intermittent hypoxia (IH) models have revealed significant oxidative damage and apoptosis in hippocampal and cortical regions that encode memory and executive functions . Furthermore, oxidative damage caused by NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction might account for IH-induced brain injury and neurocognitive deficits . Notwithstanding, the exact cascade of events that leads to observed neuropathologies following the initial ROS overproduction is unclear, and even less known are the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie these events . We recently found that IH-induced lipid peroxidation was localized almost exclusively in mitochondria but not in other cellular structures in the cortex . In addition, we found

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that cortical, but not cerebellar, mitochondria of mice exposed to IH contained substantially elevated ROS, released more H2O2 in a manner consistent with electron leakage at complex I, and displayed complex I-specific respiratory dysfunction .


To characterize brain mitochondrial functions in a novel mouse model of sleep apnea . This mass flow controller-based model allows us to expose mice to IH and intermittent hypercapnia individually or in combination and thus enable us to dissect the consequences of these two important components of sleep apnea at cognitive, histo-cellular, and mitochondrial levels . This project will also determine the relationship between NOX2 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in murine sleep apnea . After assessing the time course of NOX2 activation, we will test whether genetic inactivation of NOX2 attenuates IH-induced mitochondrial activation and dysfunction and other histo-cellular injuries and cognitive and behavioral deficits .

M e t h o d s

The MFC-assisted model The MFC system consists of three MFCs for O2, N2, and CO2 gases, respectively, that are controlled by a computer and custom software and output a gas mixture to the animal chamber through 4 inlets at the bottom of the chamber . The system is capable of outputting gas mixtures at any desired percentages and is extremely precise . Importantly, the response time of the system is almost instantaneous because it does not need to take feedback from measurements of intrachamber gases and, therefore, equilibration of gas concentrations in animal chamber is very fast . For a chamber that houses 4-5 mice the ramp times from 21% O2 to precisely 5 .7% O2 and back to precisely 21% O2 are on average 54 and 48 seconds, respectively . A telemetry signal receiver placed underneath the animal chamber allows simultaneous recording of EEG and EMG from one mouse per chamber . Using these systems, conscious and freely moving C57BL/6 mice will be exposed to one of the following 4 conditions for 12 h during the light phase (7 am-7 pm) in a socialized environment (i .e ., non isolated) for all experiments described in this Aim: 1) room air control (RA, 21%O2/0%CO2); 2) IH (5 .7%O2/0%CO2x90’’-RAx90’’); 3) IHC (21%O2/5%CO2x90’’-RAx90’’); and 4) IH+IHC (5 .7%O2/5%CO2x90’’-RAx90’’) . The IH condition has been used in our previous studies and has been shown to result in neurocognitive deficits that mimic clinical obstructive sleep apnea Analysis of sleep patterns (n=8 per group) We will record electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) in mice exposed to the 4 conditions described above using a telemetry sensor-transmitter during the exposure period (7 am-7 pm) and the recovery period (7 pm-7 am) on day 1, 7, 30, and 90 of continued exposures . EEG and EMG data will then be analyzed using the Sleepsign software to calculate the following variables to gain insights into the effect of these experimental conditions on various aspects of sleep: wakefulness, slow wave sleep, REM sleep, delta power, and latency to slow wave sleep .Gross assessment of apoptosis and oxidative stress (n=6 per group) We will examine regional patterns for expression of apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase 3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytosolic translocation of cytochrome c, oxidative damage markers, including MDA as the lipid peroxidation marker and protein carbonyl as the protein oxidation marker, and expression of major antioxidant enzymes, including CuZnSOD, MnSOD, peroxiredoxin I (PrxI), and peroxiredoxin III (PrxIII) . Gross assessment of energy supply (n=6 per group) The fact that oxygen desaturation during sleep apnea causes energy-depletion and that IH leads to impairment of mitochondrial respiratory functions suggests that disturbed brain bioenergetics could play a major role in sleep apnea-related neuropathologies . We will examine regional expression patterns of the energy regulator/indicator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its phosphorylated form pAMPK (thr172 phosphorylation in the catalytic subunit a) (46, 47) . We will also measure ATP levels in brain tissues and compare them with pAMPK/AMPK ratios . Measurement of in vivo caspase activities (n=3 per group) IH-induced apoptosis seems to be a multi-phasic event, peaking early (6) and then being sustained long-term . We will follow the approach used in our preliminary studies, using the FLIVO reagent to detect in vivo caspase activities in various regions of the brain . We will also use neuronal (Nissl body or MAP2) and glial (GFAP) markers to define the cell specificity of caspase activities . Assessment of cellular lipid peroxidation (n=3 per group) We will use HNE immunohistochemistry to assess cellular lipid peroxidation patterns in regions of the brain, as we did in our preliminary studies . Again, we will use neuronal

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and glial markers to define cell specific patterns . Furthermore, we will use a mitochondrial marker (MitoTracker green) to examine whether lipid peroxidation occurs mainly in mitochondria .Examination of subcellular structures (n=3 per group) We will use transmission electron microscopy to examine the effect of IH, IHC, and IH+IHC on subcellular structures of the brain . The emphasis will be on mitochondria as our preliminary studies have shown a mitochondrial lipid peroxidation pattern and substantial mitochondrial dysfunction .



SLEEP, Soc for Neuroscience, American Thoracic Society Conference


N I H M i s s i o n : Diabetes, Heart, Neurology

M e n t o r : David Gozal, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—Pulmonary MedicineTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6205E m a i l : dgozal@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Yang Wang, MD, PhDA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : ywang@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : ACUP 72043


Sleep Apnea and Mitochondrial Function


Sleep apnea results in substantial neurocognitive and behavioral deficits in both adults and children . Studies using rodent intermittent hypoxia (IH) models have revealed significant oxidative damage and apoptosis in hippocampal and cortical regions that encode memory and executive functions . Furthermore, oxidative damage caused by NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction might account for IH-induced brain injury and neurocognitive deficits . Notwithstanding, the exact cascade of events that leads to observed neuropathologies following the initial ROS overproduction is unclear, and even less known are the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie these events . We recently found that IH-induced lipid peroxidation was localized almost exclusively in mitochondria but not in other cellular structures in the cortex . In addition, we found that cortical, but not cerebellar, mitochondria of mice exposed to IH contained substantially elevated ROS, released more H2O2 in a manner consistent with electron leakage at complex I, and displayed complex I-specific respiratory dysfunction .


To characterize brain mitochondrial functions in a novel mouse model of sleep apnea . This mass flow controller-based model allows us to expose mice to IH and intermittent hypercapnia individually or in combination and thus enable us to dissect the consequences of these two important components of sleep apnea at cognitive, histo-cellular, and mitochondrial levels . This project will also determine the relationship between NOX2 activation and mitochondrial dysfunction in murine sleep apnea . After assessing the time course of NOX2 activation, we will test whether genetic inactivation of NOX2 attenuates IH-induced mitochondrial activation and dysfunction and other histo-cellular injuries and cognitive and behavioral deficits .

M e t h o d s

The MFC-assisted model The MFC system consists of three MFCs for O2, N2, and CO2 gases, respectively, that are controlled by a computer and custom software and output a gas mixture to the animal chamber through 4 inlets at the bottom of the chamber . The system is capable of outputting gas mixtures at any desired percentages and is extremely

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precise . Importantly, the response time of the system is almost instantaneous because it does not need to take feedback from measurements of intrachamber gases and, therefore, equilibration of gas concentrations in animal chamber is very fast . For a chamber that houses 4-5 mice the ramp times from 21% O2 to precisely 5 .7% O2 and back to precisely 21% O2 are on average 54 and 48 seconds, respectively . A telemetry signal receiver placed underneath the animal chamber allows simultaneous recording of EEG and EMG from one mouse per chamber . Using these systems, conscious and freely moving C57BL/6 mice will be exposed to one of the following 4 conditions for 12 h during the light phase (7 am-7 pm) in a socialized environment (i .e ., non isolated) for all experiments described in this Aim: 1) room air control (RA, 21%O2/0%CO2); 2) IH (5 .7%O2/0%CO2x90’’-RAx90’’); 3) IHC (21%O2/5%CO2x90’’-RAx90’’); and 4) IH+IHC (5 .7%O2/5%CO2x90’’-RAx90’’) . The IH condition has been used in our previous studies and has been shown to result in neurocognitive deficits that mimic clinical obstructive sleep apnea

Analysis of sleep patterns (n=8 per group) We will record electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) in mice exposed to the 4 conditions described above using a telemetry sensor-transmitter during the exposure period (7 am-7 pm) and the recovery period (7 pm-7 am) on day 1, 7, 30, and 90 of continued exposures . EEG and EMG data will then be analyzed using the Sleepsign software to calculate the following variables to gain insights into the effect of these experimental conditions on various aspects of sleep: wakefulness, slow wave sleep, REM sleep, delta power, and latency to slow wave sleep .

Gross assessment of apoptosis and oxidative stress (n=6 per group) We will examine regional patterns for expression of apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase 3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cytosolic translocation of cytochrome c, oxidative damage markers, including MDA as the lipid peroxidation marker and protein carbonyl as the protein oxidation marker, and expression of major antioxidant enzymes, including CuZnSOD, MnSOD, peroxiredoxin I (PrxI), and peroxiredoxin III (PrxIII) .

Gross assessment of energy supply (n=6 per group) The fact that oxygen desaturation during sleep apnea causes energy-depletion and that IH leads to impairment of mitochondrial respiratory functions suggests that disturbed brain bioenergetics could play a major role in sleep apnea-related neuropathologies . We will examine regional expression patterns of the energy regulator/indicator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its phosphorylated form pAMPK (thr172 phosphorylation in the catalytic subunit ) (46, 47) . We will also measure ATP levels in brain tissues and compare them with pAMPK/AMPK ratios .

Measurement of in vivo caspase activities (n=3 per group) IH-induced apoptosis seems to be a multi-phasic event, peaking early (6) and then being sustained long-term . We will follow the approach used in our preliminary studies, using the FLIVO reagent to detect in vivo caspase activities in various regions of the brain . We will also use neuronal (Nissl body or MAP2) and glial (GFAP) markers to define the cell specificity of caspase activities .

Assessment of cellular lipid peroxidation (n=3 per group) We will use HNE immunohistochemistry to assess cellular lipid peroxidation patterns in regions of the brain, as we did in our preliminary studies . Again, we will use neuronal and glial markers to define cell specific patterns . Furthermore, we will use a mitochondrial marker (MitoTracker green) to examine whether lipid peroxidation occurs mainly in mitochondria .

Examination of subcellular structures (n=3 per group) We will use transmission electron microscopy to examine the effect of IH, IHC, and IH+IHC on subcellular structures of the brain . The emphasis will be on mitochondria as our preliminary studies have shown a mitochondrial lipid peroxidation pattern and substantial mitochondrial dysfunction .



LEEP, Soc for Neuroscience, American Thoracic Society Conference


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Diabetes, Heart, Neurology

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M e n t o r : Melissa Tesher, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics—RheumatologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-3618E m a i l : mtesher@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Karen Onel, MDA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : kbonel@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Moving On From Juvenile Arthritis and SLE: Transitions in Pediatric Rheumatology


Our long-term goal is to improve the transition experience for pediatric rheumatology patients at the University of Chicago . This project will evaluate the experiences of young people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or juvenile arthritis, who have recently transitioned to adult care .


Suboptimal transition outcomes include events such as lapses in care, inability to obtain medications, and use of emergency departments as a main source of chronic care . Our first aim is to obtain baseline data to assess transition outcomes for young people with SLE or JIA who receive pediatric rheumatology care at the University of Chicago . Second, we will evaluate whether specific social, demographic, and health-related factors predict poorer transition outcomes .

M e t h o d s

Patients between the ages of 18 and 25 years of age, with a diagnosis of JIA or SLE, who currently or previously receive pediatric rheumatology care at the University of Chicago, will be identified via chart review . These patients will be contacted by telephone and asked to participate in a survey about their experience with transition to adult care . Survey data will be analyzed with the help of statistical support staff .


P ediatrics department morning report (daily); Rheumatology Grand Rounds and Fellows’ Conferences (both are combined pediatric and adult rheumatology and available weekly); Pediatrics grand rounds (weekly); ICAAP (Illinois Chapter of AAP) conference, American College of Rheumatology (national conference in the fall; scholarships available for medical students and residents) .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Community Health, Quality/Safety


M e n t o r : Lev Becker, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : PediatricsTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5726E m a i l : levb@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 72209


Macrophage Protein Networks and Obesity: Combining Proteomics and Bioinformatics To Get An Integrated View of Disease .

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Visceral obesity associates with insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, which are major risk factors for the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and atherosclerosis . Although the cellular hallmark of obesity is accumulation of neutral lipid by adipocytes, adipose tissue of obese mice and humans also contains macrophages . Moreover, recent studies indicate that macrophages play a critical role in systemic insulin resistance . These observations suggest that inflammatory mediators produced by macrophages may be important factors underlying the synergistic relationship among obesity, insulin resistance, and atherosclerotic risk .

Macrophages play key roles in inflammation and host defense, help resolve inflammation, and promote tissue repair . That a single cell type can be both pro- and anti-inflammatory may seem counter intuitive, but dramatic phenotypic changes occur when macrophages respond to local or systemic stimuli . The diverse functions of macrophages, which have been extensively linked to the development/progression of obesity and diabetes, are controlled by complex gene and protein expression patterns, which in turn are organized and regulated within the context of molecular networks . Networks of highly interconnected proteins can develop new, disease-causing properties when strongly perturbed .

Using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and bioinformatics we have developed a systems biology approach that captures the complexity of macrophage phenotype and function in vivo . We plan to extend these analyses to identify macrophage-derived protein networks that are perturbed during the progression of obesity and diabetes . The ultimate goal of this research is the development of novel therapeutics that target molecular networks rather than individual proteins .


To use proteomics and bioinformatics to determine the phenotypes and functions of adipose tissue macrophages during diet-induced obesity .

M e t h o d s

Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) will be isolated from lean and obese mice by flow cytometry . Proteomics analysis of isolated ATMs will be performed by LC-ESI-MS/MS using an ultra-high resolution LTQ Orbitrap Velos mass spectrometer . Proteomics data will be subjected to statistical analysis to identify proteins responsive to obesity and bioinformatics analysis to organize these proteins into coherent networks .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : PepC


ADA, Scientific Sessions


N I H M i s s i o n : Blood, Diabetes

P s y c h i a t r y a n d B e h a v i o r a l N e u r o s c i e n c e

M e n t o r : Niranjan Karnik, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1351E m a i l : nskarnik@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : pending


Pain, Trauma and Quality of Life Among Pediatric Oncology Patients and Families

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At the University of Chicago, our interdisciplinary Pediatric Comfort Care Team provides traditional, palliative interventions over the continuum of care for pediatric oncology patients, with the goal of reducing pain, psychological trauma, and improving quality of life . Pain and trauma are well-understood and expected elements of the experience of pediatric cancer diagnosis and treatment . Pain and trauma are related phenomena in the pediatric cancer patient, but the dynamic, bidirectional connection has yet to be fully understood . This study aims to assess pain, trauma and quality of life among newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients and their families in order to better understand the dynamic relationships between these factors, and in order to plan appropriate interventions .


Describe pain, trauma and quality of life characteristics of pediatric cancer patients and their primary caregivers within 30 days of their first contact with the Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Service and at 3- and 6- months .

M e t h o d s

We plan to use an interrupted time-series design for this proof-of-concept pilot study . In this study we will conduct assessments of a large cohort (N=50) of new diagnosis pediatric cancer patients and families at Comer Children’s Hospital in Chicago . We plan to use structured assessment tools to assess pain, trauma and quality of life . Specifically these are the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, The UCLA PTSD Index for DSM IV, Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory . Trainees participating in this research will be trained in the use of these instruments, and their appropriate use in clinical and research settings . Trainees will be expected to work with a subset of patients and families under supervision in completing the assessment tools used in the study . Trainees will also participate with the research team in conducting data analyses, and will be assigned a subproject within the overall study to work on under supervision of the faculty mentor .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Excel


American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, American Psychiatric Association, Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine


M e n t o r : Niranjan Karnik, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1351E m a i l : nskarnik@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-553-B


Social Networks, Psychiatric Morbidity and Neuropsychological Functioning of Homeless Youth In Chicago


Each year more than 26,000 children and adolescents, one third of the homeless population in Chicago, spend their nights in temporary shelters, public spaces, or with friends and relatives . Research has found that homeless youth are at particular risk for lower academic achievement, poorer cognitive abilities, psychopathology, and engagement in risky behaviors . Maturation of the prefrontal cortex and limbic system, areas responsible for regulation of behavior and emotion, continues through adolescence . Consequently, experiences during adolescence may impact brain development, putting youth at risk for engagement in risky behaviors . Studies have not examined the complex relationship among these social networks, neuropsychological and psychosocial factors or the impact of maturational changes in brain functioning on emotion, cognition, and behavior among homeless youth . Understanding the interplay among these variables is essential for the development of targeted interventions that support adaptive functioning and well-being .

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1 . To assess the neurocognitive and academic functioning of homeless youth .

2 . To assess social networks, psychiatric morbidity and substance use disorders among homeless youth .

3 . To examine the interaction effects between neurocognitive functioning and psychiatric disorders on risk behaviors among homeless youth .

M e t h o d s

Assessments will take place at one of several community organizations that serve homeless youth in Chicago . After consent/assent processes are completed, youth will be enrolled to participate in two interviews . During the first session, youth will be asked to complete a questionnaire of demographic information regarding race/ethnicity, sex, SES, educational status, and homelessness status . Next, participants will be administered measures of general cognitive ability, psychiatric functioning, and social networks . The first session is expected to last approximately 1 hour . Youth who meet inclusion criteria, will be asked if they would be willing to participate in a second session . A second session will be scheduled for youth who agree . During the second session, youth will be administered measures of: academic achievement, executive functioning, and attention . They will also complete measures of personality and attachment . The second session is expected to last 2 hours . Students who participate in this project will be supervised at all times, but will have opportunities to learn how to conduct a psychiatric and psychological research interview using standardized instruments . They will also have opportunities to participate as a member of the research in analyzing data, and preparing it for presentation or publication .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Excel/SPSS


American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, American Psychiatric Association, Institute on Psychiatric Services, Society for Research on Adolescence

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Community Health


M e n t o r : Harriet de Wit, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-1537E m a i l : hdew@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Protocol 11-0377


Effects of Psychoactive Drugs On Responses To Verbal Tasks


This project is part of an ongoing study to investigate the effect of a cannabinoid drug on responses to acute stress in human volunteers . Animal research suggests that the endogenous cannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of stress, apparently by dampening the normal physiological responses to stress . In this project we examine this idea in humans, by assessing the effects of a low dose of delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol on subjective and physiological responses during a standardized acute social stress procedure . The SRP student will be involved in data collection and analysis and interpretation of findings .


The aim of the project is to determine whether an exogenously administered cannabinoid drug dampens subjective (i .e ., anxiety) or physiological (heart rate or cortisol) responses to an acute social stressor .

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Healthy volunteers will ingest capsules containing delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or placebo, under double blind conditions, before undergoing the Trier Social Stress Test or a nonstressful control procedure . They will complete self-report questionnaires and their physiological responses to the stress will be monitored (heart rate, blood pressure, salivary cortisol) .



Regular weekly laboratory journal club meetings, participation in an active psychopharmacology laboratory, Psychiatry Grand Rounds, visiting speakers .

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Social Sciences

M e n t o r : Royce Lee, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-5673E m a i l : rlee@yoda .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Theta Synchronization To Emotional Facial Expressions, An EEG Study


This project is designed to measure EEG signals from the brain of human subjects with and without borderline personality disorder while processing visual stimuli of emotional facial expressions .


To compare theta frequency synchronization in limbic brain regions in patients with borderline personality disorder and normal controls .

M e t h o d s

EEG data is to be collected at the Clinical Neurosciences and Psychopharmacology Research Unit .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Matlab, Neuroscan, SPSS


American Psychiatric Association



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R a d i a t i o n & C e l l u l a r O n c o l o g y

M e n t o r : Howard Halpern, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Radiation & Cellular Oncology Te l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6871E m a i l : h-halpern@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Center For EPR Imaging In Vivo Physiology


The lab is developing high resolution oxygen imaging in the tissues and tumors of animals with the eventuality of its application to humans


1 . Tumor hypoxic predicts resistance to radiation therapy

2 . Images of regions of hypoxia will allow radiation dose painting to enhance radiation effectiveness without additional toxicity

3 . High single fractions of radiation produce a rapid post treatment hypoxia that paradoxically sensitizes tumors to radiation

M e t h o d s

Growth of model tumors in mice, rats and rabbits .

Image tumor oxygenation with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance imaging developed in our lab .

Treat animals with new, intensity modulated radiator in the Radiation Oncology Department .



Weekly group meeting .


M e n t o r : Michael Spiotto, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Radiation & Cellular Oncology Te l e p h o n e : (847) 840-0142E m a i l : mspiotto@radonc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 72136


Identification of Genes Mediating Radioresistance of Hematopoietic Stem Cells


Bone marrow cells are exquisitely sensitive to radiation as whole body doses of 2 Gy can cause death due to bone marrow failure in 50% of patients . However, when people are inadvertently exposed to this level of radiation, the only treatments are either supportive care or hematopoeitic stem cell transplant which have questionable benefit . Here, we will use an in vivo mutagenesis system to identify candidate genes that would make hematopoietic stem cells resistant to radiation . Such genes could be eventually targeted to improve the survival of bone marrow cells after radiation .

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To identify gene insertion sites that are enriched in bone marrow cells surviving whole body radiation .

M e t h o d s

In vivo insertional mutageneic mice will be generated by breeding SB10 transgenic mice with T2/onc transgenic mice . Mice will then be subjected to sublethal whole body irradiation and mice will be allowed to recover for 4-8 weeks . Bone marrow cells will be isolated, DNA extracted and insertion sites mapped by linker mediated PCR . Statistically significant insertion sites will be determines by Monte Carlo monitoring .



American Society of Theraputic Radiation Oncology



M e n t o r : Michael Spiotto, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Radiation & Cellular Oncology Te l e p h o n e : (847) 840-0142E m a i l : mspiotto@radonc .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Outcomes In Head and Neck Radiotherapy With 3D Conformal and Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Techniques


The Department of Radiation Oncology is unique in that it treats an underserved population of Head and Neck Cancer patients with two separate radiotherapy techniques over the last 15 years . The purpose of this project is to determine the outcomes and toxcities of Head and Neck radiotherapy in this patient population treated with two different techniques .


Specific research aims to be addressed include the following, regarding type of radiotherapy (IMRT versus conventional radiotherapy) and type of Head and Neck localization prior to treatment:

1 . Characterization and comparison of toxicity profiles . Patients undergoing IMRT will likely have a more favorable toxicity profile . Localization may reduce toxicity as well if target margins can be reduced as a result of more accurate treatment set-up .

2 . Comparison of clinical outcomes . Patient characterstics, disease characteristics, and treatment factors may contribute to improved clinical outcome . Potential prognostic factors will be investigated through analysis of the database .

M e t h o d s

The charts of Head and Neck cancer patients in our department having undergone external beam radiation therapy will be reviewed for patient identification/demographic information, disease characteristics, radiation treatment information, other Head and Neck-specific treatment information, and follow-up information (history, physical examination, and laboratory & radiological tests) . This will include all patients treated with radiotherapy to the Head and Neck .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, StatView

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American Society of Therapeutic Radiation Oncology


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Blood

R a d i o l o g y

M e n t o r : Sam Armato, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3044E m a i l : s-armato@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11606B


Probabilistic Lung Nodule Analysis


Pulmonary nodules are encountered in the majority of CT scans performed on adults, and many require further investigation or long-term follow-up to exclude the possibility of cancer . Until recently, existing guidelines recommended serial follow-up scans in every patient with an indeterminate nodule for a period of two years in order to establish stability . The goal of this project is to examine the natural history of the many thousands of lung nodules that have been detected and followed by CT scans at the UCMC since digital archiving was started almost 10 years ago, in order to develop a more statistically robust basis for estimating cancer risk .


The specific aims of this research include the creation of a large database of lung nodule images manually extracted from clinical CT scans . These images along with the rating of physical characteristics by radiologists and the confirmed diagnosis of each nodule will provide the basis for the development of statistical probabilistic models of tumor malignancy .

M e t h o d s

Lung nodules will be manually extracted from clinical CT scans identified through the Radiology information system . The lung nodules will be evaluated by a panel of radiologists, each of whom will provide nodule size information and rate a series of physical characteristics for each nodule . This process will create a nodule library that will accommodate a wide variety of research projects . The diagnosis of each nodule will be extracted from the medical record and correlated with any follow-up radiologic examinations . From this comprehensive set of images, clinical, and demographic information, multivariate probability distributions for nodule malignancy will be generated through a formal statistical assessment . The results of this project are expected to provide essential guidelines for the clinical work-up of lung nodules identified on CT scans .


Weekly lab meetings and radiologist shadowing opportunities will be available .



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Computerized Analysis of Mesothelioma Tumor Volume and Response to Therapy


We are developing computerized methods to delineate mesothelioma tumor volume in computed tomography (CT) scans . These methods are being extended to quantify change in tumor volume as a measure of response to therapy and to quantify the reduction of tumor burden post-pleurectomy/decortication . The goal of this research is to demonstrate the clinical utility of computer-extracted mesothelioma tumor volume and validate the concept of patient-specific tumor response criteria .


The ultimate objective of this research is to correlate tumor change with gross tumor specimen volume and patient outcomes . This research also seeks to replace the clinical standard RECIST tumor response guidelines with response guidelines that are more mathematically and clinically relevant to the unique morphology and growth patterns of mesothelioma .

M e t h o d s

Clinical CT scans from mesothelioma patients will be collected . These scans will include natural history scans (a series of scans prior to therapy), scans acquired during the course of therapy, and pre- and post-surgery scans . A semi-automated mesothelioma tumor segmentation algorithm will be applied each scan to compute tumor volume and change in tumor volume . An automated lung segmentation algorithm will be applied to compute the corresponding change in lung volume . These volumetric data will be compared with linear tumor thickness measurements acquired according to the RECIST guidelines and with patient outcomes .


Weekly lab meetings and an opportunity for submission to a scientific conference may be possible .



M e n t o r : Maryellen Giger, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6778E m a i l : m-giger@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11606B


Multi-Modality Image-Based Biomarkers/Phenotypes of Breast Cancer Risk


The long-term goal of the research is to develop multi-modality, image-based markers (signatures) for assessing breast density and parenchymal structure that may be used alone or together with clinical measures for use in determining and/or monitoring risk of breast cancer . The general hypothesis is that inclusion of automated analyses of the parenchyma will improve the assessment of breast cancer risk . In the future, it is expected that such image-based markers will be useful for improved assessment of patients at high risk for breast cancer and for monitoring the

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response of preventive treatments . In addition, in primary studies, associations have been found between these image-based phenotypes and genes related to cancer risk .


The specific aims of the research include the collection of multiple high-risk databases as well as the following aims:

Image-based categorization of patient databases using computerized analysis of breast density, parenchyma morphology, and parenchyma kinetics .

Correlation and modeling of the various descriptors of breast density and parenchymal characteristics (i .e . image markers) with known indicators of risk or presence of cancer to yield new image-based markers of risk, including (a . Biologic indicators of risk (BRCA1 and BRCA2 deleterious mutations) and b . The presence of cancer (using analysis on the contralateral breast)

Conduction of association studies between image-based biomarkers of risk and genomic markers

M e t h o d s

The student will participate in the pre-clinical evaluation of the efficacies of the various image-based biomarkers/phenotypes in predicting breast cancer risk on an actual clinical population using mammographic and MR images . The student will collect and tabulate clinical, genomic, and image information for a specific population, and then run the image analysis programs . The image analysis programs as well as statistical data analysis programs currently exist . In addition, association studies will be performed between the image-based and genomic markers . The student will learn the various aspects along the research chain including methods for the interpretation of resulting data . The student will conduct the research in a collaborative lab setting with other researchers and staff, thus much assistance will be available .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : General statistics, ROC analysis, correlative analysis


Weekly Breast Tumor Conferences and Research Project meetings as well as shadowing of breast radiologists in the clinical area will be made available to the students . In addition, the student will have the potential to submit his/her results for presentation at national conferences or to peer-reviewed journals .


M e n t o r : Maryellen Giger, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6778E m a i l : m-giger@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11606B


Image-Based Quantitative Biomarkers For Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Response To Therapy


The long-term goal of this research is to develop quantitative methods of tumor analysis on multi-modality breast images for use in diagnosing lesions, assessing prognosis and staging, and/or predicting tumor response to therapies . The breast imaging modalities will include full-field digital mammography, ultrasound, and/or MRI . Note that the treatment and management of the breast cancer patient depends on the stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis . Post-diagnosis patient management and treatment options can include breast imaging for assessing tumor burden (size and extent), lymph node biopsy (including sentinel lymph node), surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy and hormonal therapy . This proposal focuses on image-based diagnostic markers, prognostic markers, and predictive markers

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This research area in my lab includes various projects, and thus various specific aims from which the student can choose . Aims include:

1 . Development and validation of methods of image-based quantitative biomarkers (tumor signatures) to determine tumor burden on multi-modality breast imaging (mammography, ultrasound, &/or MRI), including: tumor volume, tumor extent, and/or extent within the axillary lymph nodes .

2 . Development and validation of methods of image-based quantitative biomarkers (tumor signatures) to yield diagnostic markers .

3 . Development and validation of methods of image-based quantitative biomarkers (tumor signatures) to yield prognostic markers

4 . Development and validation of methods of image-based quantitative biomarkers (tumor signatures) to assess response to therapy (predictive markers) on breast MRI

M e t h o d s

Various projects exist and they involve the validation of image analysis methods for use in pre- and post- operative breast cancer management for (a) assessing tumor burden and lymph node status, (b) assessing prognosis based on these measurements, AND/OR (c) determining predictive markers (in assessing margins post surgery or tumor response post neoadjuvant treatment) .

Students will be involved in establishing a correlative database of single or multi-modality breast images and histopathology, running image analysis programs, and conducting statistical data analysis in one of the above clinically-focused scenerios . The student will conduct the research in a collaborative lab setting with other researchers and staff, thus much assistance will be available .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : General statistics, ROC analysis, correlative analysis


Weekly Breast Tumor Conferences and Research Project meetings as well as shadowing of breast radiologists in the clinical area will be made available to the students . In addition, the student will have the potential to submit his/her results for presentation at national conferences or to peer-reviewed journals .


M e n t o r : Yulei Jiang, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3467E m a i l : y-jiang@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11365B


Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Breast Lesions in Mammograms


Breast cancer is a significant public health problem and mammography is currently the most effective modality in screening for breast cancer . In our lab, we have developed computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods that aim to help radiologists identify breast cancer in mammograms . One of these computer techniques estimates the likelihood of malignancy of clustered microcalcifications in mammograms and aims to help radiologists decide the best course of patient management . The present project(s) aim to understand performance characteristics of this computer technique and, based on knowledge gained from this understand, improve the performance of the computer technique .

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1 . Understand how the computer analysis results are dependent on the size and location of the mammogram region that the computer analyzes, and how to minimize this dependency .

2 . Understand how the computer analysis results vary across multiple images of a patient, and to what extent that this variation is not a result of variation in the images and can thus be minimized .

M e t h o d s

The computer analysis is available as a computer software and can be run on a set of digital mammograms, which are also available . The student is expected to generate data by running the computer analysis software on the digital mammograms, and to identify patterns and correlations between the computer analysis results and various image attributes . The knowledge gained in these analyses will be used to improve the design of the computer analysis in the future .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : ROC analysis, other in-house analyses


Lab meeting, on-campus breast cancer-related talks (e .g ., breast SPORE), RSNA (Radiological Society of North American, Nov ., 2012, Chicago, IL, open to medical students) .


M e n t o r : Robert Nishikawa, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-9047E m a i l : r-nishikawa@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Systematic Review of Computer-Aided Detection


Computer-aided detection (CADe) is being developed to help radiologists identify cancer in screening exams (e .g ., mammography, thoracic CT, CT colonography) . Pre-clinical testing has been conducted using observer studies -- retrospective studies that simulate clinical reading conditions . We would like to compare and combine the results of the different studies to determine the similarities and differences when CADe is used for detection of breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer .


To perform a systematic review of observer studies of computer-aided detection for cancer detection .

M e t h o d s

The student will perform a literature search to determine the available studies . She or he will then read the studies and tabulate methodology and results . Statistical analyses will then be performed to look for changes in radiologists’ performance when they use a computer-aided detection system .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : ROC analysis and excel


Weekly lab meeting . Depending on the results, presentation at a national meeting is possible .


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yM e n t o r : Robert Nishikawa, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-9047E m a i l : r-nishikawa@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11606B


Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Breast Computed Tomography (CT)


Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI has been proven to be effective in detecting breast cancer . However, it suffers from a lack of specificity (i .e ., too many false detections . Contrast-enhanced breast CT is being explored as a cheaper, faster, and more accurate alternative to MRI . This project will use breast CT images from the world’s first dedicated breast CT scanner . To help improve specificity, we are developing computerized methods to help radiologists distinguish between benign and malignant lesions . The purpose of this project is to determine performance of a computerized lesion classification scheme based on a data set of about 300 patients imaged with breast CT . The goal is to assess classification performance in unenhanced as well as in contrast-enhanced breast CT scans, as well as to assess performance for different lesion segmentation algorithms .


To compare the performance of a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) scheme in its ability to classify benign and malignant breast lesions imaged on breast CT with or without a contrast agent .

M e t h o d s

The student will run existing software to classify breast lesions . Existing software and expertise is available in the lab to perform the statistical analyses .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : ROC analysis


Weekly lab meeting, breast conference (tumor board)


M e n t o r : Christopher Straus, MDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-3331E m a i l : cstraus@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 15817B/Exempt


The curricula for medical gross anatomy are varied and currently in great transition across the country in response to improved technology, more accessible imaging, and decreased faculty resources in anatomy departments . Current medical and anatomical sciences education literature consists of reports of individual institutions’ innovative practices, but no updated, comprehensive compendium of practices exists .


Describe the current curricular practices across the US for medical gross anatomy instruction in an effort to better predict the best future direction for medical gross anatomy curriculum from our current state of flux . This project has several spin-off follow up opportunities as well for the student .

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M e t h o d s

National survey to be created, validated, and distributed and analyzed for general description and current trends .

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : SPSS


AUR, RSNA


M e n t o r : Kenji Suzuki, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6511E m a i l : suzuki@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11606B


“Virtual Dual-Energy Radiography”: Improved Chest Radiographs By Means of Rib Suppression Based On A Massive-Training Artificial Neural Network


(i .e ., potential lung cancer) in chest radiographs (CXR) can be overlooked in 12% to 90% of cases with nodules that are visible in retrospect (Austin J et al . Radiology 1992) . Eighty-two to 95% of missed lung cancers are partly obscured by overlying bones such as ribs and/or a clavicle . To address this issue, dual-energy (DE) subtraction imaging has been developed for separating bones and soft tissue in CXRs . In spite of its great advantages, a limited number of hospitals use DE radiography systems, because specialized equipment is required . Also, the radiation dose can be greater than that for standard chest radiography in some cases . In addition, DE images have an increased noise level .


The aim of this research project is to develop an image-processing technique for separating soft tissue from ribs in CXRs . The student will work with laboratory members to run software for virtual energy radiography .

M e t h o d s

“Virtual Dual-Energy Radiography” for separation of ribs from soft tissue in CXRs consists of a multi-resolution massive-training artificial neural network (MTANN; /émtæn/) (Suzuki K et al . IEEE Trans Med Imag 2005) and multi-resolution decomposition/composition techniques . An MTANN is a trainable, highly nonlinear pattern-recognition technique, consisting of a linear output artificial neural network (ANN) model (Rumelhart DE et al . Nature 1986) that is capable of operating on image data directly . Our scheme has two phases, i .e ., a training phase and an application phase . In the training phase, the multi-resolution MTANN is trained with input CXRs and the corresponding “teaching” bone images obtained with a DE subtraction radiography system for learning the relationship between them . In the application phase, the trained multi-resolution MTANN provides a “bone-image-like” image where ribs are enhanced when a CXR acquired with a standard radiography system is entered . The bone-image-like image is subtracted from the original CXR to produce a "soft-tissue-image-like" image where ribs are suppressed . Thus, virtual DE radiography provides a soft-tissue image and a bone image from a CXR acquired with a standard system . The major advantages of virtual DE radiography compared to DE radiography are: (1) no additional radiation dose to patients is required, and (2) no specialized equipment for generating DE x-rays is required . We will analyze and evaluate the virtual DE radiographs compared with “gold standard” DE radiographs .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Statistical analysis took kit in Matlab


Students will attend weekly lab project meetings and departmental research seminars . Students can also attend weekly radiology conferences . For more information, please go to his lab’s homepage at http://suzukilab .uchicago .edu/ .

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Investigation of Machine Learning Technique Inspired by Human Visual System That Can Be Trained with a Small Number of Cases for Computer-Aided Diagnosis


In many computerized schemes, aspects of the method require training with data; thus, machine learning plays an essential role in these schemes . A major limitation of current machine-learning techniques is the necessity for a large number of training cases, e .g ., 500 cases, so that an adequate performance is obtained . This limitation becomes very serious in medical applications, because collection of a large number of abnormal cases is very difficult . For example, a review of images from 714,000 patient examinations is required for collection of just 500 lung cancer cases . In order to overcome this limitation, we are developing a novel machine-learning technique which is inspired by digital image-processing theory and the human visual system (Suzuki K et al . IEEE Trans Signal Proc 2002; Suzuki K et al . IEEE Trans Patt Anal & Mach Intell 2003; Suzuki K et al . Medical Physics 2003; Suzuki K et al . IEEE Trans Med Imag 2004, Suzuki K et al . Academic Radiol 2005; Suzuki K et al . Medical Physics 2006, 2008, 2010) .


The aim of this research project is to develop and understand a novel machine-learning technique inspired by the human visual system for medical image analysis . The student will work with laboratory members to implement and evaluate machine learning .

M e t h o d s

Unlike other machine-learning methods, our novel machine-learning technique is capable of learning image data directly, and it functions like human visual pattern recognition . Our result of the analysis of the internal representations of our machine learning is reminiscent of the receptive fields of various simple units in the cat and monkey cerebral cortex discovered by Hubel and Wiesel (Hubel DH et al . J . Physiology (London) 1962; Blakemore C et al . Nature 1970) . We are investigating and analyzing our machine learning to bridge the gap between human learning and machine learning .





N I H M i s s i o n : Digestive Diseases, Lungs

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M e n t o r : Kenji Suzuki, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6511E m a i l : suzuki@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10885A


Investigation of Relationship Between the Polyps Detected or Missed by Radiologists and Those Detected or Missed by a Computerized Polyp Detection Scheme in CT Colonography


Some evidence suggests that early detection and removal of polyps (i .e ., precursors of colorectal cancer) can reduce the risk and the incidence of colorectal cancer . Consequently, the American Cancer Society recommends that a person who is at average risk for developing colorectal cancer should have colorectal cancer screening . “Virtual colonoscopy” or CT colonography (CTC) is a new test used for screening for colorectal carcinoma through the acquisition of a CT scan of the colon . The diagnostic performance of CTC, however, remains uncertain, with a repeated propensity for perceptual errors . Computer-aided detection (CAD) of polyps has the potential to overcome the above difficulty with CTC . CAD automatically detects polyps in CTC and displays the locations of suspicious polyps for radiologists to review . Our department has been among the first to develop, and has been continuing to develop CAD for more than two decades . CAD technologies developed in our department have been licensed to many companies, including GE, R2, Median, Riverain, and Toshiba . CAD is becoming standard clinical practice in mammography, and potentially soon in most radiology areas including CTC .

This project will analyze the results of a new CAD incorporating massive-training artificial neural network technology (Suzuki K et al . Medical Physics 2006) on false-negative (FN) polyps from a large multicenter clinical trial in collaboration with Abraham Dachman, MD, in the U of C Department of Radiology, Hiroyuki Yoshida, PhD, in Radiology at the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, and Don Rockey, MD, at the University of Texas Southwest Medical Center . The hypothesis in this study is that our state-of-the-art CAD can detect polyps that were “missed” by radiologists in the clinical trial, and some of the CAD marks on those polyps can be useful for improving radiologists’ diagnostic accuracy in polyp detection .


To learn interactively the relationship between human FN polyps (i .e ., pitfalls for radiologists) and CAD results, including computer FNs (i .e ., pitfalls for a computer) and computer false positives (FPs) (i .e ., potential pitfalls for radiologists), by viewing and examining the cases on a state-of-the-art CTC workstation with our CAD software .

M e t h o d s

Our CAD will be run on 69 FN CTC cases from a large multicenter clinical trial (D . Rockey et al . The Lancet 2005) conducted by Don Rockey, MD, at the University of Texas Southwest Medical Center . CAD marks on each CTC case will be reviewed on a CTC workstation . CAD marks and polyps will be examined and classified into computer true positives (TPs), computer FNs, and computer FPs . Computer FPs (i .e ., non-polyps) may cause detrimental effects of CAD such as decreasing the positive predictive value, and/or increasing reading time, because the FPs may distract radiologists . Computer FNs (i .e ., computer misdetection) will impose a great limit on assisting radiologists’ detection task . Computer TPs (i .e ., computer hits) on human FN polyps will be considered to represent a potential increment of the sensitivity of polyp detection in CTC, because radiologists may detect these polyps by looking at the CAD marks . Polyps in each of the three classes, i .e ., TP, FN, and FP, will be evaluated by size, shape (e .g ., pedunculated, sessile, and flat), and pathology (e .g ., carcinoma, adenoma, and hyperplastic) . They will be also evaluated as to the cause of the FNs (Doshi T, Rusinak D, Halvorsen B, Rockey D, Suzuki K, and Dachman AH Radiology 2007) such as observer errors (i .e ., perceptual and measurement) and technical errors (i .e ., artifacts, insufficient distention of the colon, and excessive fluid) . Clinical knowledge obtained from the analysis results for the computer FPs will be used for improving algorithms in CAD .


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Students will attend weekly laboratory project meetings and departmental research seminars . Students can also attend weekly radiology conferences . For more information, please go to his labs homepage at http://suzukilab .uchicago .edu/





Computerized Characterization of Liver Tumors as Different Types of Malignant and Benign Tumors in Multiphase Hepatic CT


Contrast-enhanced hepatic CT is used for characterization of liver tumors (Baron RL et al . RadioGraphics 2001) . A dual blood supply to the liver results in different enhancement patterns between liver tumors and normal parenchyma in three major phases of contrast enhancement: the arterial phase, portal venous phase, and equilibrium phase . A difference between malignant and benign tumors can be seen in dynamic enhancement patterns in the arterial, portal venous, and equilibrium phases . The most common malignant tumor is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which often arises in patients with cirrhosis or hepatitis B/C; benign tumors include hemangioma, adenomas, and focal nodular hyperplasia . Based on these dynamic tumor enhancement patterns, we are developing a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system for characterization of liver tumors as different types of tumors in CT to assist radiologists in their decision-making, in collaboration with Richard Baron, MD, and Aytekin Oto, MD, in U of C Radiology . Our department has been among the first to develop, and has been continuing to develop CAD for more than two decades . CAD technologies developed in our lab have been licensed to many companies including GE, Hologic (R2), Median, Riverain, and Toshiba . CAD is becoming a standard clinical practice in mammography, potentially in most radiology areas including liver diagnosis soon .


The aim of this research project is to develop computerized characterization of liver tumors as different types of benign and malignant tumors in CT . The student will work with laboratory members to implement and run computer algorithms .

M e t h o d s

We are developing a CAD system for characterization of liver tumors in CT . This development involves analysis of pattern features of tumors and characterization of tumors by use of texture and kinetic analysis .






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M e n t o r : Kenji Suzuki, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6511E m a i l : suzuki@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10885A


Computer-Aided Detection of Flat Polyps In CT Colonoscopy


“Virtual colonoscopy” or CT colonography (CTC) is a new test used for screening for colorectal carcinoma through the acquisition of a CT scan of the colon . The diagnostic performance of CTC, however, remains uncertain, with a repeated propensity for perceptual errors . Computer-aided detection (CAD) of polyps has the potential to overcome the above difficulty with CTC . CAD automatically detects polyps in CTC and displays the locations of suspicious polyps for radiologists to review . Our department has been among the first to develop, and has been continuing to develop, CAD for more than two decades . CAD technologies developed in our department have been licensed to many companies, including GE, R2, Median, Riverain, and Toshiba . CAD is becoming standard clinical practice in mammography, and potentially soon in most radiology areas including CTC .

A major challenge in the development of CAD schemes is to reduce false-positive (FP) detections while maintaining a high detection sensitivity, especially for “difficult” polyps which radiologists are likely to miss . Major types of false-negative polyps include sessile and flat types . Because the common shape of a polyp is bulbous, existing techniques in CAD for polyp detection treat a polyp as a bulbous structure . Therefore, current CAD schemes are likely to miss sessile and flat polyps, which are the major sources of false negatives diagnosed by radiologists .


The goal of the research project is to develop and evaluate an advanced CAD system incorporating novel 3D “massive-training artificial neural networks” (MTANNs) (Suzuki K et al . Medical Physics 2006) for the detection of polyps in CTC, a system that is highly sensitive to the detection of “difficult” polyps which radiologists are likely to miss, in order to reduce the mortality due to colorectal cancer .

M e t h o d s

To approach the goal of our research, we plan to establish CTC databases including polyps “missed” by radiologists in a large multicenter clinical trial in which 15 medical institutions participated nationwide (D . Rockey et al . The Lancet 2005), in collaboration with Abraham Dachman, MD, in the U of C Department of Radiology, and Don Rockey, MD, at the University of Texas Southwest Medical Center . We plan to develop a mixture of expert 3D MTANNs that are capable of learning voxel data directly to distinguish polyps from multiple types of non-polyps . We will integrate and optimize an initial polyp-detection scheme and a mixture of expert 3D MTANNs to form an advanced CAD system, which we will evaluate on an independent dataset of CTC cases, containing polyps “missed” by radiologists in the trial (Doshi T, Rusinak D, Halvorsen B, Rockey D, Suzuki K, and Dachman AH Radiology 2007), the majority of which are flat polyps . We believe that the advanced CAD system, which will have a clinically acceptable high sensitivity especially for major sources of false negatives such as flat polyps has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of polyps in CTC, and thus to reduce the mortality due to colorectal cancer .






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yM e n t o r : Kenji Suzuki, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : RadiologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6511E m a i l : suzuki@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10885A


Computer-Aided Diagnosis For Early Detection of Colon Cancer In Ct Colonoscopy


Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the U .S . Some evidence suggests that early detection and removal of polyps (i .e ., precursors of colorectal cancer) can reduce the risk and the incidence of colorectal cancer . Consequently, the American Cancer Society recommends that a person who is at average risk for developing colorectal cancer should have colorectal cancer screening . “Virtual colonoscopy” or CT colonography (CTC) is a new test used for screening for colorectal carcinoma through the acquisition of a CT scan of the colon . The diagnostic performance of CTC, however, remains uncertain, with a repeated propensity for perceptual errors . Another major drawback for CTC is that the time required for interpretation of an entire CTC examination is extensive . A typical CTC examination produces 250-400 axial CT images each for the supine and prone configuration, yielding a total of 500-800 images per patient .

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for the detection of polyps has the potential to overcome the above difficulties with CTC . CAD automatically detects polyps in CTC and displays the locations of suspicious polyps for radiologists to review . Our department has been among the first to develop, and has been continuing to develop, CAD for more than two decades . CAD technologies developed in our department have been licensed to many companies, including GE, Hologic (R2), Median, Riverain, and Toshiba . CAD is becoming standard clinical practice in mammography, and potentially soon in most radiology areas including CTC .

Therefore, we are developing a CAD scheme for the detection of polyps in CTC to assist radiologists in their detection task, in collaboration with Abraham Dachman, MD, in the U of C Department of Radiology . Our CAD scheme involves 3D medical image analysis, computer vision techniques, computer graphics techniques, and our original image-based artificial neural networks which were inspired by digital image-processing theory and the human visual system in the brain (Suzuki K et al ., Medical Physics 2003; Suzuki K et al ., IEEE Trans Med Imag 2004; Suzuki K et al ., Academic Radiol 2005; Suzuki K et al ., Medical Physics 2006, 2008, 2010) .


To improve the performance of our CAD scheme in terms of the sensitivity as well as specificity of the detection of polyps in CTC .

M e t h o d s

Our CAD scheme consists of segmentation of the colon, detection of initial polyp candidates from the segmented colon, analysis of pattern features of the polyp candidates, classification of the polyp candidates into polyps or non-polyps, and false-positive reduction by use of a massive-training artificial neural network (MTANN) . This project will review each of the steps in our CAD scheme and will examine other existing techniques for each step for determining whether the performance of our CAD scheme can be improved .






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Computerized Detection of Liver Lesions in Multiphase Hepatic CT


Liver cancer is the most common abdominal malignancy worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing in the U .S . Contrast-enhanced hepatic CT is used for detection of liver tumors (Baron RL et al . RadioGraphics 2001) . The most common malignant tumor in the liver is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which often arises in patients who have cirrhosis or hepatitis B/C; benign tumors include hemangioma, adenomas, and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) . We are developing a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system for detection of liver tumors in CT to assist radiologists in their decision-making, in collaboration with Richard Baron, MD, and Aytekin Oto, MD, in the U of C Department of Radiology . Our department has been among the first to develop, and has been continuing to develop, CAD for more than two decades . CAD technologies developed in our department have been licensed to many companies, including GE, Hologic (R2), Median, Riverain, and Toshiba . CAD is becoming standard clinical practice in mammography, and potentially soon in most radiology areas including liver diagnosis .


The aim of this research project is to develop an automated scheme for detection of liver lesions in CT . Students will work with laboratory members to implement and run computer algorithms .

M e t h o d s

We are developing a CAD system for detection of liver tumors in CT, which will involve automated segmentation of the liver, detection of potential tumors by use of pattern-recognition techniques, analysis of pattern features of the detected tumor candidates, and classification of the tumor candidates into tumors or non-tumors . For segmentation of the liver and liver tumors, we are developing a novel method based on a massive-training artificial neural network (Suzuki K et al . Medical Physics 2003; Suzuki K et al . IEEE Trans Med Imag 2004) which can incorporate expert radiologists’ determination of liver and tumor boundaries .



Students will attend weekly laboratory project meetings and departmental research seminars . Students can also attend weekly radiology conferences . For more information, please go to his lab’s homepage at http://suzukilab .uchicago .edu/ .



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S u r g e r y — G e n e r a l S u r g e r y

M e n t o r : John Alverdy , MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—General SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4876E m a i l : jalverdy@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71744


Mechanisms By Which Host Stress Shifts The Virulence of Opportunistic Pathogens .


Our laboratory seeks to understand the molecular mechanisms that mediate serious infections following surgery . We have made the novel observation that host factors released during surgical injury are gathered, processed, and transduced by the virulence circuitry of colonizing pathogens in a manner that activates them to cause invasive infection . We are interested in pathogens that seemingly behave as indolent colonizers, shift to become invasive and lethal pathogens when they “sense” and “respond” to host factors released during surgical injury . Importantly we have designed and synthesize novel polymer based compounds that can interfere with this crosstalk and prevent infection without killing bacteria . This non-microbicidal approach to invention has the potential to reduce antibiotic resistance .


To determine the molecular mechanisms by which opportunistic pathogens (P . aeruginosa, C . albicans, K . pneumoniae) sense and respond to soluble signals released during surgical injury and design novel anti-virulence based strategies to prevent infection .

M e t h o d s

We employ complex models of infection involving surgery (liver resection, intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury, wounding) and the use of C . elegans in our models . We also routinely perform western blots, RT-PCR, microarray, photon camera imaging, and high resolution microscopy .



Weekly lab meetings, monthly meeting of the Host Cell and Microbe meeting with the Digestive Disease Research Core (DDRC) .



M e n t o r : Gary An, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—General SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-9742E m a i l : gan@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Agent-Based Modeling of Host-Microbial Interactions


Host-microbial interactions play a critical role in a host of diseases . Our particular interest is in capturing the

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ecological and evolutionary dynamics of microbial community behavior and the effects of those dynamics on the host in the intestinal tract of hospitalized and/or surgical patients . This project involves the use of agent-based modeling, a computer simulation technique, as a means of dynamic knowledge representation to help basic science researchers visualize the dynamic consequences of their hypotheses and design new experiments . The primary work of this project will be performed in conjunction with the Alverdy Lab and involve the study of host-microbe interactions as related to gut derived sepsis, anastomotic leak, wound infection and necrotizing enterocolitis .


To use agent-based modeling to aid in the investigation of host-microbe disease processes in surgical and critically-ill patients .

M e t h o d s

Participants will be taught computer programming in NetLogo, a free software toolkit for agent-based modeling, as well as principles of computational modeling of biological systems . Extensive literature review of the specific biological problem being modeled will be required . Iterative and close interactions with the members of the basic science lab members will also be required .



Weekly lab meeting of the An Modeling Group, weekly lab meetings of the affiliate basic science lab, didactic and clinical conferences in the Department of Surgery, Surgical Research Seminars



M e n t o r : Peter Angelos, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—General SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4429E m a i l : pangelos@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Determinants of The Surgeon-Patient Relationship: Why Patients Choose Particular Surgeons


Every day patients make decisions about which surgeon to have operate upon them . Even though this decision is a critical example of the trust that must be generated within the surgeon-patient relationship, little is known about how such decisions are currently made by patients . In an era in which surgeon reviews are ubiquitous on the internet and patients can readily “Google” their surgeon few studies have sought to identify the critical determinants to patients decision making in the choice of their surgeon .


The goal of this study is to better understand the critical factors that influence why patients decide to have one surgeon operate upon them rather than a different surgeon .

M e t h o d s

Through interviews with surgical patients, we will seek to identify the factors that weigh on patient decision making in the choice of a surgeon . We will assess the information that patients may gather about their surgeon prior to the office visit . Such items as recommendations by referring physicians or by friends will be examined in relation to how a patient assesses a particular surgeon . We will explore what aspects of the actual visit with the surgeon had the most impact on the patient’s decision to have a specific surgeon operate on him or her . We will also ask patients

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postoperatively whether they would modify any of the preoperative influences on their decision making in light of the experience of having gone through the operation . In this manner, we hope to identify critical aspects of the surgeon-patient relationship that influence patients’ decisions regarding the choice of surgeon . Ultimately, we hope to better understand what patients see as most important to the surgeon-patient relationship .



Surgical Grand Rounds (weekly), Surgical Ethics Morbidity and Mortality Conference (monthly), Endocrine Surgery Preoperative Conference (weekly), Endocrine Surgery Research Conference (weekly)

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences ,Quality/Safety

M e n t o r : Raymon Grogan, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—General SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-7125E m a i l : rgrogan@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : pending


Is Diabetes Mellitus a Goitrogen?


In a recent study on aging and thyroid disease our group incidentally identified a possible link between diabetes and goiter . We would like to expand on this work and verify our current finding . Students will study an historical cohort of diabetic patients from a national database to determine if there is an association with diabetes and goiter . Not all diabetic patients develop goiter . One possible explanation is a genetic susceptibility to goiter in certain diabetic populations . If an association is confirmed in the national cohort, then the student will use medical records to identify diabetic patients with goiter who have been previously operated upon at the University of Chicago . The student will then extract DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue from the Human Tissue Resource Center in order to conduct a Genome-Wide Association study to determine any possible genetic link between goiter formation and diabetes .


To identify a possible link between diabetes and the development of thyroid goiter .

M e t h o d s

Retrospective Cohort Study, DNA extraction, GWAS

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Graphpad Prism


1 . The University of Chicago Endocrine Surgery Research Program (ESRP) has weekly research meetings that are led by Dr . Grogan, and always attended by senior faculty members including Dr . Peter Angelos and Dr . Edwin Kaplan . All researchers working with the ESRP (including Summer Research Program Students) meet weekly to discuss the results and progress of the ESRP projects . This meeting is generally a lively, open discussion of findings from the preceding week . It is also an open forum where students, residents, and post-docs can feel comfortable discussing any problems or complications they have encountered in order to obtain guidance from the group as a whole . This meeting often leads to ideas for new research projects that participants are always welcome to pursue after they have completed their original project .

2 . Endorama is a monthly conference held jointly by the Sections of Endocrine Surgery and Endocrinology where interesting cases and new and interesting research findings are discussed in a formal conference . Summer Research Program Students should attend this conference in order to get a better understanding of the most current controversies and research in endocrinology and endocrine surgery .

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3 . Department of Surgery Grand Rounds - Weekly



M e n t o r : Rima Mcleod, MD, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—General SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-4130E m a i l : rmcleod@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Multiple


The overarching goal of the proposed work is to define the interaction of differing isolates of T .gondii with biologically relevant human host cell molecules, addressing both the critical tachyzoite and encysted bradyzoite parasite life cycle stages . The purpose of this work is to identify the key host and parasite molecules that interact in pathogenesis of and protection against human toxoplasmosis .Our methodology will involve infecting relevant human host cells with parasites of differing lineages, of differing life cycle stages and focusing on the relevant host cell types from stem to differentiated cells . We will also utilize laser capture of encysted organisms and tachyzoites within neuronal cells in human brain and eye tissue using single cell transcriptomes for analysis of the parasite, the host cell, and the contiguous cells . These materials will be utilized to identify transcriptomes, post translational modification of proteins, proteomes, as well as methylation and ubiquitination status of altered proteins and genes . The data concerning pathways in the host cell and the parasite can be compared with pathways in the host cell identified through genetic studies of families who have a child with congenital toxoplasmosis in the United States National Collaborative Chicago Based Congenital Toxoplasmosis Study (US NCCCTS) cohorts . We will also sequence genes from de-identified persons in pools based on clinical findings, to determine whether the key molecules that we have identified in these pathway have susceptibility associated mutations, deletions, duplication or other alterations in methylation status, particularly of their promoters and initial introns . Of interest for the first genes approached in this manner that were imprinted, we identified hundreds of novel variants, mutations, deletions ,iduplications etc when only a few would otherwise have been predicted .


Determine mechanisms whereby susceptibility alleles to congenital toxoplasmosis confer that susceptibility

M e t h o d s

Culture of human cells, infection with genetically mapped T .gondii, rna isolation, bioinformatics, genetic analyses, laser capture microscopy .



Lab meetings each week . All U of C seminars

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences Clinical Sciences Global Health


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M e n t o r : Michael Ujiki, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—General SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-1700E m a i l : mujiki@northshore .orgA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : JoAnn CarbrayA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jcarbray@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : EH11-148


A Prospective Database To Evaluate Esophageal-Related Diseases


Barrett’s Esophagus is a premalignant condition which is predominantly caused by chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) . Barrett’s Esophagus is the strongest risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma, a malignancy with dismal long-term outcomes . The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma continues to rise faster than that of any other malignancy in the United States .

Current treatment and management strategies vary from endoscopic surveillance, for patients with Barrett’s Esophagus metaplasia or low-grade dysplasia, to an esophagectomy for patients with high-grade dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma .

RFA or radiofrequency ablation is a promising endoscopic treatment modality for Barrett’s Esophagus that is highly effective at removing all of Barrett’s mucosa . RFA would be an ideal tool for patients determined high-risk (by a risk progression score), for progressing from metaplasia onto dysplasia and finally adenocarcinoma .


The primary objective is to identify predictors that led to the progression of Barrett’s Esophagus to dysplasia and ultimately, esophageal adenocarcinoma . Then with these predictors, develop a comprehensive ‘risk of progression score’ .

M e t h o d s

Previously recorded surgical outcome data will be collected by patient chart review, the parameters including demographics/pre-operative history, intra-operative data, and post-operative data .


TBD



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S u r g e r y — N e u r o s u r g e r y

M e n t o r : Issam Awad, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2123E m a i l : iawad@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-295-A


Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are a common cerebrovascular anomaly, affecting more than a million Americans, and predisposing them to a lifetime risk of stroke and epilepsy from lesion proliferation and hemorrhage . The clinical behavior of individual lesions is currently unpredictable, and there is no therapy to prevent lesion genesis of aggressive clinical sequelae . Our laboratory has identified an oligoclonal immune response in the lesions associated with robust inflammatory cell infiltrates . We hypothesize that an antigenic trigger in the lesional milieu provokes this immune response, and this in turn contributes to the pathogenetic lesion phenotype .


We aim to synthesize artificial antibodies based on variable region gene sequences of immunoglobulins produced in plasma cells and B cells in human CCM lesions . Subsequently, we then aim to track and identify the antigen triggers which bind these antibodies using in situ and biochemical techniques .

M e t h o d s

In the first phases of the project (2011), we will laser microdissect plasma cells from surgical specimens of CCM lesions . We will extract RNA from these cells, amplify and sequence it . And we will synthesize artificial antibody constructs (rAbs) . In subsequent phases of the project, we will be tracking the antigenic trigger using these rAbs .


Weekly data review and project progress meeting with lab team and PI (required), weekly neurosurgery conferences and surgery research lectures (optional)



M e n t o r : Issam Awad, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2123E m a i l : iawad@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are a common cerebrovascular anomaly affecting more than a million Americans, and predisposing them to a lifetime risk of stroke and epilepsy . There is currently no therapy to prevent lesion genesis or the hemorrhagic proliferation associated with clinical sequelae . Our group has helped develop a novel model of CCM lesions in murine mutants heterozygous for a common CCM gene locus causing autosomal dominant human familial disease . In this project, we analyze lesion phenotype in mice brains from animals of different age, we study the experimental CCM lesion to characterize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathologic features mimicking the human disease, and we examine signaling biomarkers associated with lesion genesis . We have also

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initiated a study of the impact of target signaling modulation on lesion genesis and phenotype (pre-clinical biologic based therapeutic development) . This is a unique opportunity to work on the first attempt to therapeutically modify an abnormal vascular phenotype causign stroke and epilepsy .


To examine differences in lesion prevalence, structure, and biomarker expression in the excised brains of animals of different ages, and in response ot therapeutic modulation .

M e t h o d s

In vitro (ex vivo) high field MRI of murine brains, stereotactic targeted dissection of lesions, assessment of lesion burden, and phenotyping of murine CCM lesions using histology, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry .


Weekly data review and project progress meeting with lab team (required) . Weekly neurosurgery conferences and surgical research lectures (optional) .



M e n t o r : Issam Awad, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2123E m a i l : iawad@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jennifer Jaffe, MPHA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jjaffe@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 10-160-B


Clinical trial oversight of minimally invasive surgical evacuation (catheter aspiration and thrombolysis) for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) . The ICH and IVH represent the most deadly types of stroke (mortality and disability), for which there is currently no proven effective therapy . Our team oversees the Surgical Center of two ongoing NIH funded multi-institutional trials aimed at optimizing and assessing safety and effectiveness of catheter evacuation and thrombolysis for ICH (MISTIE Trial, Phase II) and IVH (CLEARIII Trial, Phase III) .


To assess the accuracy and safety of image guided catheter placement in ICH and IVH, and correlate catheter placement endpoints with efficiency of ICH and IVH clearance and clinical adverse events

M e t h o d s

Web based image analysis, correlation with blinded clinical and ICH/IVH clearance information, statistical modeling . Excellent opportunity to be a part of a sophisticated modern clinical trial of novel surgical technique addressing a catastrophic type of stroke, familiarizing with stroke management guidelines, and clinical management oversight .


Weekly data and project progress review with core team at U Chicago (required), and clinical coordinators teleconference (required) . Weekly neurovascular and neurosurgery conferences (optional)



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M e n t o r : Sandi Lam, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-8377E m a i l : slam@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 09-079-A Spine Outcomes Study


Spine Surgery Outcomes Prospective Database Study


Our Spine Outcomes project is an ongoing team research endeavor using a prospectively collected database of spine surgery patients . We currently have 2 years of data on over 200 patients for cervical and lumbar surgeries .


Determine the patient factors and surgeon factors associated with different clinical outcomes . This will help optimize our clinical practice in the future to maximize good outcomes and avoid poor outcomes .

M e t h o d s

Specific clinical questions are determined by the research team . Data is sorted and reviewed to determine if we can test the hypotheses appropriately . Stata software is used by the team for statistical analysis . Data interpretation is done with the research team and the surgeons, and placed into clinical relevance and significance within the context of existing spine surgery literature . Abstracts and manuscripts are honed in an iterative process with the team .



Weekly Neurosurgery section Grand Rounds and didactic teaching sessions for residents and medical students (Wednesday morning)

resentation of abstracts would be appropriate at Congress of Neurosurgeons national meeting or American Association of Neurosurgeons national meeting or NS/AANS Joint Section on Spine and Peripheral Nerve meeting



M e n t o r : Sandi Lam, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-8377E m a i l : slam@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Epilepsy Surgery - A Population-Based Database Analysis Study


Vagus nerve stimulator implantation was approved by the FDA for treatment of epilepsy in 1997, and for treatment of depression in 2005 . With more than 3 million people in the US with epilepsy and 21 million people with depression, the disease burden is significant . This study aims to utilize the population-based MarketScan database to identify the trends, characteristics, and diagnoses of patients who receive VNS therapy, and to identify how VNS therapy impacts patient outcomes and health care utilization .

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1 . Describe patterns of VNS use in the US – pediatrics versus adults, specific age groups, regional variation, infection rates, revision rates, diagnoses, insurance variation .

2 . Define intensity of use of medical care after VNS implantation, quantify downstream costs, and record change in use of pharmacologic therapy after VNS implantation .

3 . Define cost effectiveness of VNS for pediatric and adult groups, both or epilepsy and depression .

M e t h o d s

Data is from a nationally representative sample of employer-insured and Medicaid patients for 5 consecutive years (2005-2010), containing claims covering 23-50million lives per year . VNS implantation defines the cohort; demographic data, insurance information, primary and secondary diagnoses, outpatient medications, subsequent surgeries, and costs of claims paid are recorded for each patient . Case controls are drawn from the same database .

Variations in care are expected by demographic characteristics, insurance payors, and geographic region . Determination of associations for variations will be seen from statistical analysis . Diffusion of technology, costs, and intensity of health care utilization will also be analyzed .

Understanding the current state of delivery of neurosurgical care may facilitate development of realistic approaches for rational, cost-efficient, quality care .



Weekly Neurosurgery section Grand Rounds and didactic teaching sessions for residents and medical students (Wednesday morning) .

Presentation of abstracts would be appropriate at Congress of Neurosurgeons national meeting or American Association of Neurosurgeons national meeting or CNS/AANS Joint Section on Pediatric Neurosurgery annual meeting



M e n t o r : Sandi Lam, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-8377E m a i l : slam@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : David FrimA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : dfrim@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11-0007 Neurosurgical Outcomes Study


Pediatric Neurosurgery Data Collection Group Study - A National Collaboration


Patient outcomes in pediatric neurosurgery have traditionally been characterized by single surgeon or single center experiences with relatively small numbers of patients . This is a function of the highly specialized field and the rarity of certain conditions that we treat . Multicenter collaboration is clearly needed to help answer clinically relevant questions: at University of Chicago, we are the center for the Pediatric Neurosurgery Data Collection Group, a collaboration of 15 pediatric neurosurgery centers in the US committed to sharing our experiences, records, and

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research efforts . We have an ongoing series of retrospective and prospective study efforts .


Specific aim: collaborate on data collection and review to garner larger numbers in Pediatric Neurosurgery studies . Examples of ongoing studies include rate of bone flap infections and osteolysis after autologous cranioplasty, outcomes of Chiari 1 and syringomyelia with different surgical decompression techniques, or ventriculoperitoneal shunt survival after craniotomy .

M e t h o d s

A combination of chart review, data entry, data mining and review will be necessary . Stata software is used by the team for statistical analysis . For instance, in the bone flap and osteolysis question, we would need to determine the associations between diagnosis that led to craniectomy, time to cranioplasty, treatment of the bone flap after craniectomy (ie, bone freezer, osteocleanse gamma irradiation and offsite freezer, storage in patients’ own subcutaneous abdominal fat), and outcome .



Weekly Neurosurgery section Grand Rounds and didactic teaching sessions for residents and medical students (Wednesday morning) .

Presentation of abstracts would be appropriate at Congress of Neurosurgeons national meeting or American Association of Neurosurgeons national meeting or the annual CNS/AANS Joint Section on Pediatric Neurosurgery meeting .



M e n t o r : Ben Roitberg, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-0975E m a i l : broitber@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


We study spinal cord repair in the rodent model . The project involves creating the spinal cord injury and treating it with pharmaceutical means, as well as with cell and whole tissue transplantation . We also perform behavioral testing and histopathology .


We aim to improve neurological recovery in a rodent model of spinal cord compression injury . We hypothesize that the agent MS-818 can accelerate neurologic recovery in partial clip-compression injury of the high thoracic spinal cord . We also hypothesize that autologous or syngeneic transplantation of omentum-derived adipose stem cells can accelerate neruological recovery in the same model .

M e t h o d s

The study involves several surgical procedures - spinal dissection and timed clip compression; omental harvesting, omental transposition, euthanasia and perfusion of the rat . We also perform behavioral testing - motor score on open field and inclined plane testing . Histopathology will also be performed with our collaborators, with the student's participation . The project is ideal for a student who is interested in working on it part - time over several months .

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More than one student can participate . Monetary compensation for a student in built into the budget .



Anywhere - preferably a neurosurgical meeting, such as AANS, CNS, Rachidian, or the AANS/CNS Spine Section .


M e n t o r : Ben Roitberg, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 824-9768E m a i l : broitber@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Treatment of clip-compression incomplete spinal cord injury in the rodent model . We compare autologous omentum-derived stem cells with omental transposition and with MS-818, an activator of neurogenesis and axon growth . The outcome is measured with behavioral data - lower extremity mobility scoring using an established scale, and the inclined field method . Secondary measure is histopathological analysis of the injured cord .


The project is a series of pilot studies that aim to demonstrate feasibility of the model and obtain preliminary efficacy data . Based on the result of this study we aim to develop a larger project, focusing on the most promising strategy . We hypothesize that treatment with MS-818 can accelerate recovery of motor function after severe but incomplete spinal cord compression injury in the rat model . We also hypothesize that transplantation of omentum-derived adipose stem cells can accelerate neurological recovery after severe but incomplete spinal cord compression injury in the rat model .

M e t h o d s

Experiments will be performed using inbred rats . Rat surgery will be performed that includes laminotomy, timed spinal cord compression with a standard force (70-100 gm) modified aneurysm clip, at T3 level . Laparotomy and omental transposition to the spinal cord will also be performed in some of the animals . Additional animals will be used to harvest omentum in order to grow the stem cells for later transplantation . Transplantation will be performed in one of the groups immediately after spinal cord compression . The total number of operated animals will be about 60 in this project . The groups that receive MS-818 will get intraperitoneal injection of the substance daily for 5 days starting immediately after the injury . Behavioral testing will be performed in all experimental animals for up to three months after the injury . It will consist of daily sessions of scoring of the rats in a standard open field, measuring a set of motor parameters, as well as testing the animals on an inclined plane, measuring the angle at which they start sliding down as the plane is tilted . The more vertical - the better is their motor function . Finally, the animals will be euthanized and the spinal cords removed for hsitopathological analysis . This will include a number of stains to identify gross anatomy, axons, any grafted cells, as well as dividing cells and stem cells . In order to be able to identify any graft cells we will use female rats as donors and identify Barr bodies in the male recipients .



Any relevant conference, preferable neurosurgical, such as AANS/CNS joint section on spine and peripheral nerves, or the AANS meeting


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M e n t o r : Bakhtiar Yamini, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—NeurosurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 834-3288E m a i l : byamini@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71732, 70931


NFKB1 P50 and DNA Alkylation Damage . Nanoparticles and Nanocapsules in Glioma


My work has 2 general focuses . The first concerns the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-KB) in the response to DNA damage . The second looks at the treatment of malignant glioma with multimodal therapy .


1 . To determine the role of the p50 subunit of NF-KB in the response to DNA methylation damage .

2 . To examine whether combination treatment is efficacious for the management of malignant glioma .

M e t h o d s

In vitro cell culture work involving molecular biological and biochemical techniques . Animal studies involving rodent survival surgery .



Nueurosurgery grand rounds/ neuro-oncology conference

Cancer center conferences



S u r g e r y — O n c o l o g y

M e n t o r : Kathy Yao, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—OncologyTe l e p h o n e : (847) 570-1327E m a i l : kyao@northshore .orgA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Brigid Martz, CCRPA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : bmartz@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : EH09-387


Retrospective Analysis of Breast Mri In Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients


This retrospective review examines the use of breast MRI preoperatively in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients . Breast MRI has been shown to find additional cancers and some studies show it is more accurate in determining tumor extent then a mammogram or ultrasound . However, MRI has been shown to lead to false positive findings and an increase in mastectomies . In this study, we want to determine what clinicopathologic factors will predict whether an MRI will find additional cancers or change surgical management . In addition we will determine how accurate

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MRI is in delineating tumor extent and size compared to mammogram and ultrasound . This is an ongoing project with a database already built . Since this project is up and running, there is high likelihood that a summer research student will complete data collection on this project and data analysis . Moreover, they will likely have enough data to write and abstract and to give a slide presentation at our monthly breast cancer seminar . We would plan to submit the abstract to a regional or national surgical meeting .


To determine what clinicopathologic factors will predict additional findings or changes in surgical management on a preoperative breast MRI in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients .

M e t h o d s

This study involves retrospective analysis of all breast MRIs performed at NorthShore University HealthSystem from January 1, 2000 - April 30, 2011 . This is an ongoing project with a comprehensive database already established . We have collected data on approximately 350 patients but our target accrual is 500+ patients . Students will assist with ongoing data collection and analysis . In addition, the student will work with mammography co-investigators on our research team who are re-reading breast MRIs and mammograms for study patients .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : SAS or SPSS


Weekly multidisciplinary breast conference, monthly breast cancer seminars, weekly medical oncology grand rounds, weekly breast research team meetings, we would expect the student to present their findings at one of our breast cancer seminars .


S u r g e r y — O t o l a r y n g o l o g y / H e a d & N e c k S u r g e r y

M e n t o r : Elizabeth Blair, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4934E m a i l : eblair@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16879B


Identifying Disparities in Head and Neck Cancer Clinical Trial Participation

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) represents 3% of all new cancer cases diagnosed in the US . African Americans have a higher incidence of HNC, present with more advanced disease, are less likely to have access to healthcare, and are more likely to be young and poor . In addition, African Americans have a worse survival rates regardless of tumor site or stage at diagnosis . Racial and ethnic minorities, women and patients with lower socioeconomic status are less likely to participate in clinical trials . Few studies address ways to mitigate these challenges . Clinical trials have produced advances in prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation for head and neck cancer patients . At The University of Chicago Medical Center (UCMC), patients with advanced HNC treated in multi-disciplinary clinical trials have improved overall survival . All patients who are eligible are offered treatment on a clinical trial . However, African Americans are less likely to participate in these trials, potentially contributing to worse outcomes and less understanding 96 of clinical data in this group . Efforts to understand why African Americans are underrepresented in clinical trials have identified a number of important issues . However, little data exists on

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treatment of African Americans with HNC or in urban communities in Illinois . Cancer relevance: Data generated will allow us to improve HNC trial design and recruitment strategy to increase enrollment of disadvantaged patients and will serve as a model for other cancers across centers . By learning more about specific barriers to participation in clinical trials, we hope to develop more focused and specialized interventions to improve outcomes in this population . We are committed to improving the outcomes of patients with HNC, particularly those with the worst prognosis which are more likely to be African Americans and of lower socioeconomic status .


We seek to identify disparities in participation of patients with HNC in clinical trials . We hypothesize that minorities are less likely to be enrolled in clinical trials and that barriers result in worse outcome . Aims: The first objective is to compare newly diagnosed, HNC patients treated in clinical trials with patients who are treated off-trial, during the same time period . We seek to determine differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups by their race, socioeconomic level, disease status, and treatment . The second objective is to review the characteristics of patients not enrolled in clinical trials and identify the reasons or barriers for non-participation . The third objective is to prospectively query patients to obtain qualitative data about their opinions and preferences for treatment choices for HNC .

M e t h o d s

Study design: We will conduct a retrospective chart review of all adult patients treated for newly diagnosed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (excluding skin cancer) treated from 2002 to 2006 . Clinical data will be will be extracted from medical records to compare treatment choices of patients for outcome and survival using our survival database . Reasons for treatment off clinical trial will be analyzed and collated . For qualitative information on why minorities make treatment choices for HNC, we will arrange focus groups to gain insight about the decision process .

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Systat


Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Tumor ConferenceOtolaryngology Grand Rounds and Small Group SeminarsClinic and Operating Room Exposure are both available based on interest

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Community Health, Quality/Safety

M e n t o r : Elizabeth Blair, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4934E m a i l : eblair@uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 16536A


Analysis of Salivary Gland Tumors Treated at the University of Chicago Salivary gland neoplasms are a difficult challenge for physicians . They can occur in the major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, or sublingual) or in the minor salivary glands which are present throughout the aerodigestive tract . Salivary gland neoplasms are rare and have a diverse histopathology in which there is a large variation in presentation and behavior .Salivary glands can give rise to both benign and malignant neoplasms . The majority of neoplasms are benign pleomorphic adenomas which can be adequately treated with surgery, but malignant tumors are almost as common . There are a wide variety of histological subtypes of malignant tumors, which all can affect the survivorship of the

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patient (Spiro RH 1986) . The location, multiple different histopathologies, and rarity mean that few institutions have much more than retrospective case series to report in the literature (Renehan A et al 1996) . The presence of these tumors near delicate structures of the head and neck such as the facial nerve makes them difficult to treat . While benign tumors are usually sufficiently treated with surgery with little chance of recurrence, many malignant tumors will recur without adjuvant therapy, and this has traditionally been radiation . Treatment of these tumors has not changed significantly in 50 years . New developments in neutron beam therapy and recent introductions of chemotherapy as more than palliative treatment have altered treatment strategies (Bell RB et al 2005) . Many studies have suggested that multi-modality therapy is the best approach for most malignancies, but the complexity and rarity of this disease has made it difficult for many institutions to study . Th e University of Chicago, as a tertiary referral center, has a broad experience in treating these tumors when they are unresectable, recurrent, or have other poor prognostic features and while chemo-radiation is employed in the treatment of patients with aggressive salivary gland malignancies here, we have never analyzed our results and many of the patients are treated off protocol . Prior to establishing a prospective clinical trial we would like to retrospectively review the patients previously treated with various modalities in our institution . The goal of the study is to correlate multiple treatment options for benign and malignant salivary gland tumors with patient outcomes


• To retrospectively analyze salivary neoplasms treated at University of Chicago Hospitals and their outcome .• To determine if specific treatment regimens have better clinical outcomes than current standard therapy .

M e t h o d s

Patients who were seen at the University of Chicago Medical Center between January 1993 and June 2007 for salivary gland neoplasms will be identified through hospital and pathology records . This study is limited to adults based on diagnosis because salivary gland tumors are extremely rare in the pediatric population . No patients will be excluded upon the basis of sex, race, or religion . Patients who were originally diagnosed at the University of Chicago as well as patients who were referred to the University of Chicago will both be included in the study . The patients’ medical records will be collected, and the following data will be extracted onto a secure database: general medical background, primary tumor histology, location, clinical staging, histological features, pathology reports, labs, recurrence information, treatment details (surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy), treatment complications, and outcome . After case selection and clinical data abstraction, cases will be de-identified prior to analysis . Each case will be assigned a unique identifier, and no PHI will be noted on the database . All the pertinent medical information listed above will be organized onto a database so that the subjects’ tumor type features can be correlated to treatment and outcome . Data will be kept in a password protected database in the Department of Otolaryngology on the first floor of Billings . The progression of the study will be monitored on a monthly basis at research meetings as deemed necessary . This retrospective analysis will allow us to better design future protocols to advance treatment options available for these patients .

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, Systat


Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Tumor ConferenceOtolaryngology Grand Rounds and Small Group SeminarsClinic and Operating Room Exposure are both available based on interest


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M e n t o r : Alexander Langerman, MDD e p a r t m e n t : SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-4036E m a i l : alangerm@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Tanguy SeiwertA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : tseiwert@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 89800


Human Tissue Research In Head and Neck Oncology


Human tissue is one of the most valuable scientific resources, and surgeons have a unique role as procurer of these specimens . However, not all specimens procured for research are of optimal quality for downstream research . The goal of this ongoing multidisciplinary project is to investigate the biochemical implications of tissue procurement techniques and handling for head and neck cancer research . It will involve time in the operating room, the pathology tissue bank, and the lab . Primary mentors for this project are Alexander Langerman in Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Tanguy Seiwert in Medical Oncology . Additional mentorship will be from Mark Lingen in Pathology, Ezra Cohen in Medical Oncology, and Burhaneddin Sandikci of the Booth School of Business . Mentors will work with the student to develop a research plan that is within the bounds of the summer research program .


1 . Determine tissue handling factors that contribute to specimen degradation

2 . Define markers for specimen quality in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

3 . Classify downstream effects of specimen degradation on biospecimen and biomarker analysis

4 . Create optimization models for tissue procurement in the operating room

M e t h o d s

This project includes specimen procurement, observational methods, tissue processing, histopathologic analysis, nucleic acid isolation, PCR/qPCR, phospho-protein analysis, and microarray analysis .


Lab meetings, multidisciplinary head and neck tumor conference, Human Tissue Resource Center meetings

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Social Sciences, Quality/Safety

M e n t o r : Jayant Pinto, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6727E m a i l : jpinto@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Exempt


Age-related olfactory loss is an important public health problem affecting approximately 14 million older Americans . The profound burden this sensory impairment causes in the daily lives of older people is associated with a substantially decreased quality of life, affecting critical functions such as safety, nutrition, sensation of pleasure, and general well-being . Because olfaction declines over time, the clinical impact will increase as our population ages . Previous studies

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of this decline in olfactory physiology in humans have been limited, requiring novel approaches to understanding factors that affect this process . The goal of this study to is examine clinical data obtained from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults, in which olfaction was measured .


Analyze clinical and psychosocial data for demographic factors that are associated with presbyosmia in NSHAP across two time points .

M e t h o d s

Clinical and statistical analysis of established database in 3,005



Annual Charles B . Huggins Research Symposium, weekly clinical and research conferences in our section, weekly laboratory meeting



M e n t o r : Jayant Pinto, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6727E m a i l : jpinto@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 8073


Because of its interface with the external environment, the sinonasal epithelium is exposed to a number of stimuli including microbes and pollutants such as tobacco smoke . Data suggest that both may contribute to the initiation of persistent inflammation in CRS . We and others propose that CRS results from environmental influences and microbial factors coupled with genetic susceptibility, etiologies that are not mutually exclusive . Recent work suggests that microbial stimuli may affect the hyper-inflammatory state of CRS, that defects in host defense to microbial products may predispose to persistent inflammation leading to disease, and that tobacco smoke can affect these responses and affect clinical outcomes . The specific relationship between these organisms and the underlying host defense in the sinuses remains unclear and is the focus of this project .

One major obstacle is the lack of knowledge of the microbial community that inhabits the sinonasal tract, both in the normal and the disease states . Though data implicate fungi and bacteria in the pathologic immune responses seen in CRS, many subjects do not show evidence of involvement of these or other pathogens . Additionally, the degree/character of mucosal inflammation can vary in subjects growing the same organism . We do not know if these findings reflect the inadequacy of current cultivation-based methods of identifying pathogens, nor do we understand the importance of organisms that fail to grow . One intriguing hypothesis is that unidentified microbes promote persistent inflammation in the sinuses . This might occur directly or indirectly, by supporting the presence of more virulent organisms or by failing to inhibit their predominance, a situation potentially worsened by the widespread use of antibiotics that alter the microbial milieu . Such a model might explain why antibiotic/antiinflammatory therapy is only effective in patient subsets . This might also shed light on how environmental factors such as tobacco smoke

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might modify disease, perhaps by altering the composition and function of the native sinonasal microbiota with effects on host epithelial function .


Assess the the diversity and relative abundance of mucosa-associated bacteria using 16S rRNA-based approaches in the Hutterites, a religious isolate founder population with advantages for genetic mapping

M e t h o d s

Isolation of DNA from samples, PCR of 16S amplicons, t-RFLP/sequencing analysis of these products, bioinformatic analyses to identify microbial community structure, correlation with clinical data regarding asthma and allergies

S t a t i s t i c a l S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : STATA, SYSTAT



P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Basic Sciences, Community Health


M e n t o r : Jayant Pinto, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6727E m a i l : jpinto@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Chronic rhinosinusitis is a prevalent, burdensome respiratory disease closely related to other inflammatory airway disorders such as asthma . Though symptom-based tools and staging systems for CT imaging (the gold standard) have been developed, these face significant limitations . Such obstacles have impeded progress in understanding the epidemiology and pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis and makes accurate evaluation of treatment efficacy difficult .A hallmark of chronic rhinosinusitis is extensive mucosal inflammation . We have developed novel prototype software that objectively quantifies the amount of mucosal inflammation in the sinuses using sophisticated computer analysis of CT scan data (see Preliminary Data) . Our tool potentially overcomes several problems with prior work in this area: the use of computer-automated measurement leads to lower variability in disease assessment, provides rapid throughput, and generates a continuous rather than categorical measure of disease . This tool could, therefore, generate useful information both for clinicians and researchers in the field .Our goal is to refine the current computerized system to delineate and identify the sinus cavities and mucosal inflammation present on CT scan data . An improvement in this technology would provide for a more precise measurement of global and site-specific disease burden in the sinuses . We hypothesize that, by using this tool, we can accurately and rapidly delineate mucosal inflammation and develop objective measures of disease severity .


Aim 1: Improve our 3D computerized image analysis system for translational application in rhiniology .1a . Optimize the delineation of normal sinus and mucosal inflammation by automated segmentation .1b . Develop clinically relevant computerized tools for analysis of sinusitis .

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Aim 2: Compare this technology with current “gold standards” of disease assessment . 2a . Assess the accuracy of computerized normal sinus and inflammation segmentations and measurements by comparison with human-generated delineations and measurements . 2b . Compare our inflammation scoring with established methods of sinus CT image scoring (e .g ., Lund-MacKay scale) .

M e t h o d s

Imaging, clinical and statistical analysis . Use of novel, sophisticated 3D image analysis software (provided) .





M e n t o r : Jayant Pinto, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6727E m a i l : jpinto@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Standard treatment of cancer of the head and neck includes radiographic assessment for staging, treatment planning, and assessment of response . Such information is currently evaluated by clinicians of many disciplines (radiology, oncology, surgery, radiation therapy) as part of routine care . Additionally, radiographic measurement of treatment response plays a critical role in clinical trials of therapies for locoregionally advanced and recurrent disease . Current practice, however, relies on a limited number of two-dimensional manual measurements that fail to accurately capture the complex structure of the complete tumor volume and are difficult to compare between clinicians or across centers due to interobserver variability . Additionally, these calculations rely on non-standardized human input with its potential for bias, imprecision, and inaccuracy and require a high degree of expertise (typically lacking in the community) and investment of time (commonly scarce in specialized centers) . Computer analysis of images of head and neck tumors would, therefore, circumvent some of these challenges and potentially be extremely useful to better quantify burden of disease and response to treatment . The goal of this project is to adapt technology that we have developed to the assessment of head and neck cancer through automated, three-dimensional computerized image analysis .


Specific Aim: Test the utility of this technology by analyzing CT scans from a completed clinical trial .a . Use our technology to measure the largest two dimensions at the primary site and evaluate gross tumor volume in three dimensions .b . Compare these measurements with those obtained conventionally (manually) to determine performance against the existing “gold standard .”c . Initiate a preliminary study to determine if volumetric measurements of response better predict clinical outcomes compared with standard measurements .

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M e t h o d s

Imaging, clinical and statistical analysis of established database of completed clinical trial .



Annual Charles B . Huggins Research Symposium, weekly clinical and research conferences in our section, weekly laboratory meeting, weekly Head and Neck Oncology Tumor Board conference


M e n t o r : Jayant Pinto, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Otolaryngology/Head & Neck SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6727E m a i l : jpinto@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Jamie PhillipsA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : jphillip@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 8073


Age-related olfactory loss is an important public health problem affecting approximately 14 million older Americans . The profound burden this sensory impairment causes in the daily lives of older people is associated with a substantially decreased quality of life, affecting critical functions such as safety, nutrition, sensation of pleasure, and general well-being . Because olfaction declines over time, the clinical impact will increase as our population ages . Previous studies of this decline in olfactory physiology in humans have been limited, requiring novel approaches to understanding factors that affect this process . The goal of this study to is examine clinical data obtained on a large cohort of subjects to determine the parameters that affect olfactory decline with aging over a 6 year period .


Analyze clinical and psychosocial data for demographic factors that are associated with presbyosmia in the Hutterites, a religious isolate founder population with advantages for genetic mapping and population studies .a . Assess the relationship between olfactory loss and a number of risk factors, including relevant medical conditions, medication use, results from clinical laboratory testing, and social factors across two time points .

M e t h o d s

Clinical and statistical analysis of established database in 958 subjects .






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M e n t o r : Hue Luu, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Orthopaedic SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6216E m a i l : hluu@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Osteosarcoma Tumorigenesis and Metastasis


The goal of this research is to investigate the role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 (IGFBP5) in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and metastasis . We have serially passaged the marginally metastatic human MG63 osteosarcoma cell line in mice and have established a highly metastatic MG63 .2 subline . Expression profiling analysis and subsequent functional studies have revealed that IGFBP5 is significantly down-regulated in highly metastatic osteosarcoma cells and that the introduction of exogenous IGFBP5 suppresses osteosarcoma progression and metastasis in a number of osteosarcoma cell lines . IGFBP5 acts to modulate IGF signaling . Our central hypothesis is that IGFBP5 modulates osteosarcoma growth and metastasis .


To examine the roles of distinct domains of IGFBP5 on osteosarcoma growth and metastasis .

M e t h o d s

We will over-express unique domains of IGFBP5 in osteosarcoma cell lines and examine their in vitro effects on differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion as well as in vivo effects on tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic xenograft animal model .


Weekly lab meetings . Journal Clubs . Department of Surgery Seminar Series .


S u r g e r y — P l a s t i c & R e c o n s t r u c t i v e S u r g e r y

M e n t o r : Julie Park, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6302E m a i l : jpark@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Swati KulkarniA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : skulkarni@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Breast Cancer and Reconstruction Database


To research and construct a database of breast cancer patients at the University of Chicago Medical Center that encompasses demographics, socioeconomic variables, psychological factors as well as their care from imaging,

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pathologic diagnosis, surgical, medical, radiation therapies, and reconstruction . This will be the basis for many future research projects that the student in which can become involved if interested . The student will also have opportunities to shadow preceptors in the clinics and OR cases for breast surgical oncology and breast reconstruction . It is expected that by participating in this project the medical student will be exposed to the state of the art in multidisciplinary cancer care .


The creation of a comprehensive database of breast cancer patients that integrates their demographic data, as well as all aspects of their care including reconstruction .

M e t h o d s

The student will start by getting trained in how to construct a database in RedCap as well as HIPAA compliance . Then the student will integrate existing databases from different departments (breast surgery, radiation oncology, medical oncology) . Epic will then be used to collect missing data points .

S o f t w a r e R e q u i r e d : Red Cap


Plastic Surgery weekly teaching conferences (Wednesday 6-8 am)

Breast conference (Thursday 8-10 am), Surgical Oncology Conference (5-6pm)


S u r g e r y — R e s e a r c h

M e n t o r : Kathleen Goss, PhDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—ResearchTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-2990E m a i l : kgoss@uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 71728


Wnt Signaling and The Therapeutic Response of Cancer Cells


Inappropriate activation of the Wnt signaling pathway occurs in approximately half of all human cancers . We have studied the molecular mechanisms responsible for pathway activation, including loss of the APC tumor suppressor, in breast and colorectal cancer using in vitro and in vivo models . Moreover, Wnt signaling is implicated in stem cell self-renewal and maintenance . Because cancer stem cells are thought to be more resistant to chemotherapeutic-mediated cell death, it is possible that Wnt signaling may be important for controlling the therapeutic response of tumors . Therefore, we will test the hypothesis that Wnt signaling in breast and colorectal cancer cells is a determinant of their therapeutic response .


Determine the response of breast and colorectal cancer cells with and without Wnt pathway activation to therapeutic agents

M e t h o d s

1 . Grow cancer cell cell lines in which the Wnt pathway has been stably hyperactivated or inhibited .

2 . Treat the cells with various therapeutic agents (paclitaxel, 5-FU, cisplatin, ionizing radiation, etc .) .

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3 . Measure cell viability, growth and apoptosis in response to the various treatments .

4 . Perform statistical analyses to relate response to Wnt pathway status .

5 . If the in vitro studies look promising, perform in vivo studies with tumor cell xenografts and systemic therapy administration .

6 . Begin to identify the mechanism for any differences in response using biochemical methods .


Weekly lab meeting, weekly work-in-progress and journal club meetings, Department of Surgery research seminars, Breast SPORE seminars, GI research conferences



S u r g e r y — U r o l o g y

M e n t o r : Scott Eggener, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—UrologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5195E m a i l : seggener@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Chernise Bailey-TurnerA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : cturner@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Randomized Trial Comparing Exertion Restrictions Following Laparoscopic Surgery


The standard recommendation following laparoscopic abdominal surgery is no lifting (or equivalent) greater than 15 pounds for approximately four weeks . This advice is given with the goal of minimizing the risk of wound separation or hernia . Although considered standard, there is no available data supporting it . A randomized controlled trial will evaluate whether exertion restrictions are associated with incisional hernia rates following abdominal laparoscopic surgery


Determine whether exertion restrictions following abdominal laparoscopic surgery are associated with a lower risk of incisional hernia

M e t h o d s

Prospective accrual of urology and general surgery patients undergoing abdominal transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery collection of all clinical and peri-operative data aollow all patients for one year to determine rates of wound infection, wound separation, and incisional hernia



American College of Surgeon, American Urological Association


N I H M i s s i o n : Aging, Kidneys

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M e n t o r : Scott Eggener, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—UrologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-5195E m a i l : seggener@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Chernise Bailey-TurnerA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : cturner@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Longitudinal Incidence of Testicular Cancer in the United States


Environmental factors have been proposed to be associated with risk of testicular cancer . Through 2000, there appeared to be a continuously rising incidence of testicular cancer in the United States (Bray, Nat Clin Prac URol, 2006) . Whether that trend has continued is unknown .


Primary: determine whether incidence of testicular cancer has increased over the past 10 years

Secondary: determine stage-specific mortality rates of testicular cancer over the past 10 years

M e t h o d s

Utilize the SEER database, a population-based cancer registry in the United States, to determine longitudinal incidence rates of testicular cancer . Collect and analyze data from 1973-2009



Genitourinary ASCO, American Urological Association

P o s s i b l e S c h o l a r s h i p a n d D i s c o v e r y Tr a c k ( s ) : Clinical Sciences, Community Health

M e n t o r : Mohan Gundeti, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—UrologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6150E m a i l : mgundeti@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Nancy KozlarA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : nkozlar@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Study of The Outcome Differences Between Robotic and Open Ureteral Reimplantation


Minimal invasive robotic surgery is an alternative approach for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux compared to conventional open surgery . There are advangates of this approach in regards to the recuperation and need of analgesia .We want to compare these outcomes with objective analysis reviewign the charts and electronic records .


To see the outcome differences between Robotic laparosocpic and open approach for the surgical treatment of vesicouretaral refllux .

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The study will involve review of the hospitalisaion data ,pain medication and outcomes in terms of resolution of reflux i .e . sucess rate .



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M e n t o r : Dennis Liu, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—UrologyTe l e p h o n e : (773) 702-6150E m a i l : dliu1@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : 11-0067


Need For VCUG In The Evaluation of Hydronephrosis: Usefulness of Ureteral Dilation


The evaluation of hydronephrosis remains controversial . Traditional evaluation has involved the use of a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) to detect vesicoureteral reflux . However, VCUG is an invasive radiographic study that is uncomfortable and exposes the patient to radiation . Furthermore, not all vesicoureteral reflux needs to be treated as low-grade reflux is often asymptomatic and resolves on its own . Recent publications have attempted to identify a subset of patients in which the VCUG made be deferred without clinical sequelae . For the past 4 years, one of two Pediatric Urologists (MG) has been using the presence of ureteral dilation on ultrasound to help determine the need for VCUG . In this study, we will investigate whether this algorithm helps identify children with hydronephrosis who can safely forego evaluation with a VCUG study .


Our aims is to identify whether ureteral dilation seen on ultrasound is a useful predictor of the presence of vesicoureteral reflux and help predict the need for VCUG studies . Secondary aims are to determine the incidence of febrile urinary tract infections in patients who have and have not undergone evaluation with voiding cystourethrogram and to determine the natural history of hydronphrosis in these patients .

M e t h o d s

In this study, we propose retrospectively reviewing the medical records of all children who presented who presented to either the University of Chicago or Mercy St . Vincent Children’s Hospital (separate IRB approved) for evaluation by Pediatric Urology for hydronephrosis between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2010 . Our study group will be the children with hydronephrosis who were not evaluated initially with VCUG due to the absence of ureteral dilation on ultrasound . Our control group will consist of children who received an initial VCUG as part of their evaluation for hydronephrosis . Our primary endpoints will be the presence of vesicoureteral reflux and the number of UTIs during the length of follow up . Secondary endpoints will include: presence of renal scars, time to first UTI, and natural history of hydronephrosis . Other parameters to be recorded include: age of the patient, laterality of hydronephrosis, gender, length of follow up, the presence and characteristics of prenatal ultrasounds when available, the diameter of ureteral dilation, timing of the ultrasound, timing of the VCUG, grade of hydronephrosis (by the Society for Fetal Urology Grading System), circumcision status, use of antibiotics, and the presence or absence of dysfunctional elimination syndrome .

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Weekly Campbell’s Conference (didactic Urology Teaching conference), Weekly Urology Grand Rounds (including M&M, indications, Journal clubs, uroradiology and uropathology reviews), and twice monthly Research conference including a monthly Research 101 didactic conference .



S u r g e r y — Va s c u l a r S u r g e r y

M e n t o r : Darwin Eton, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Vascular SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (305) 213-6321E m a i l : deton@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Arteriogenesis


The incidence of severe limb-threatening ischemia (SLI) manifesting as forefoot rest pain, non-healing foot ulceration, and gangrene is on the rise due in part to the rising incidence of diabetes and to the aging of our population . Limb salvage strategies include surgical and/or catheter based revascularization procedures . Both are vulnerable to re-stenosis and occlusion . Both are costly and are associated with risk of limb loss and other complications . Furthermore, these interventions are often disadvantaged by abnormal runoff vasculature . We seek to investigate a non-invasive outpatient strategy that promotes biological infrageniculate neovascularization . This cell based strategy has the potential to improve the hemodynamics of the arterial runoff vasculature sufficiently to improve the outcome of, and even obviate the need for, traditional vascular intervention .


To identify synergy between increased endothelial shear stress and progenitor cell population enhancement

M e t h o d s

The strategy combines the use of a programmed pneumatic compression device (PPCD) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) .

The PPCD is approved by the FDA to help heal ischemic foot ulcers . The observed increase in arterial hemodynamics observed with PPCD use is in part attributed to arteriogenesis (the formation and widening of medium-sized blood vessels) . However use is associated with variable outcomes, particularly in those most in need: elderly SLI patients with diabetes, renal failure, and/or congestive heart failure . We attribute this in part to the known reduced number and function of circulating reparative pro-angiogenic progenitor cells seen in this population . These cells would normally participate in arteriogenesis . G-CSF is a cytokine growth factor that is FDA approved for stem cell mobilization . It dramatically boosts the circulating number of reparative progenitor (stem) cells needed for neo-vascularization . G-CSF also induces endothelial cells to proliferate and migrate, and stimulates repair of mechanically wounded endothelial monolayers . Our hypothesis is that boosting the circulating progenitor cell number with G-CSF will potentiate PPCD induced neovascularization .

We will test this hypothesis in a Phase II Clinical Study

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Vascular and General Surgery conferences and Clinic conferences



M e n t o r : Nancy Schindler, MDD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery—Vascular SurgeryTe l e p h o n e : (847) 663-8050E m a i l : nschindler@northshore .orgA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t N a m e : Lisa ColbertA l t e r n a t e C o n t a c t E m a i l : lcolbert@northshore .orgI R B / I A C U C N u m b e r : Pending


Using STAT (Surgical Training and Assessment Tool) To Advance Competency In Practice Based Learning and Improvement


The Surgical Training and Assessment Tool is a web based software system used to deconstruct complex procedures into distinct elements and to provide meaningful feedback to trainees on their operative skills . The tool has been in use in the general surgery residency and fellowship programs at the University of Chicago for several years . This project involves developing a curriculum in Practice Based learning and Improvement for surgery residents that will be built around the STAT tool .


To develop and implement a needs analysis that will investigate current surgery resident practices for Practice Based Learning and Improvement and to investigate whether residents use STAT for this purpose . This needs analysis will then allow for further development of a PBLI curriculum that utilizes STAT . The student will plan the needs analysis and may utilize survey methods, focus groups and/or interviews . One aim will be to look at specific elements of STAT and to compare it to the SCORE curriculum (national surgery curriculum) and to evaluate the opportunity to utilize STAT as a tool to document achievement of competency in specific milestones .

M e t h o d s

The student will learn about Kern’s six step model for medical education curriculum development . They will apply this model to developing a PBLI curriculum based on STAT . They will plan each of the six steps and will perform the needs analysis . The project will offer several opportunities for publication or presentation . There will be opportunity for both qualitative study and quantitative study .


The student will meet regularly with the Vice Chairman of Education (Dr . Schindler) for the Department of Surgery .


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M e n t o r : Brady, MatthewD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : mbrady@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduProtocol Number: 09-337

P r o t o c o l T i t l e :

The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Adipocyte Metabolism

A b s t r a c t :

Bariatric surgery as a means of weight loss has become increasingly popular over the last 10-15 years, with approximately 200,00 surgeries being done in the United States annually . In addition to promoting weight loss, bariatric surgery has become increasingly recognized for use in the management of diabetes . Recent studies have indicated that bariatric surgery can result in a marked improvement in insulin sensitivity before any significant weight loss is seen . The goal of this present project is to do a pilot study to see if there are changes in the insulin responsiveness of adipocytes 2-3 weeks after bariatric surgery, which could account for improvements in overall insulin sensitivity before any significant weight loss .

M e n t o r : Ehrmann, DavidM e n t o r : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : dehrmann@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 15872


PCOS, Sleep Apnea and Metabollic Risk in Women

A b s t r a c t :

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) appears to be an under-recognized, yet significant factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic derangements in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) . PCOS women with OSA may be at much higher risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease than PCOS women without OSA, and may benefit from therapeutic interventions targeted to decrease the severity of OSA . Thus, a major goal of the present project is to contrast the metabolic and hormonal features of PCOS with and without OSA, explore causative mechanisms for the high prevalence of OSA in PCOS, and test the hypothesis that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment may decrease the risk of diabetes and other cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities in PCOS women with OSA .Specific Aim 1 . To determine if women with PCOS who have OSA differ from those without OSA as a consequence of differences in circulating concentrations of the sex-steroids estrogen and progesterone .Specific Aim 2 . To determine if OSA improves in women with PCOS treated with estrogen or progesterone .Specific Aim 3 . To determine if metabolic disturbances present in PCOS women with OSA are ameliorated by the treatment of OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) .

M e n t o r : Penev, PlamenD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : ppenev@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 15632


Eszopiclone therapy of insomnia and glucose control

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A b s t r a c t :

Prospective epidemiological studies indicate that individuals who report decreased quantity or quality of sleep have increased incidence of diabetes . These epidemiological data are consistent with observations in the sleep laboratory, where controlled experiments demonstrate that reduced sleep quantity and quality has adverse effects on insulin secretion and insulin action, and can lead to reduced glucose tolerance . The main goal of this investigator-initiated proposal supported by a Separcor Inc . research grant is to evaluate the potential of the non-benzodiazepine sedative hypnotic, eszopiclone (Lunesta), to improve glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin action by increasing the quantity and quality of sleep in adults with complaints of insomnia . Thirty 35 to 64 years old men and women suffering from chronic difficulties falling or staying asleep will be treated with eszopiclone (3 mg at bedtime) and placebo in random order on two occasions (7 days each) with at least 3 weeks in between . Study participants will be admitted in the CRC for two consecutive days at the end of each treatment for overnight sleep recording and oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests to derive measures of oral glucose tolerance (primary outcome) and insulin secretion and sensitivity (secondary endpoints) .The specific aims of the proposal are: 1) To test the hypothesis that treatment with eszopiclone compared to placebo will result in better glucose tolerance (and improved insulin secretion and action); and 2) To test the hypothesis that the magnitude of eszopiclone-induced improvement in glucose tolerance (and insulin secretion and action) will correlate positively with the increase in sleep quantity and/or quality

M e n t o r : Penev, PlamenD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : ppenev@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 16079


Sleep, Energy Metabolism, and Diabetes Risk

A b s t r a c t :

The susceptibility of adults who have family members with type 2 diabetes (DM) to the disease is markedly increased in the setting of sedentary living and excessive weight gain . Lifestyle modification combining modest weight loss and increased physical activity can reduce the incidence of DM in high-risk populations . Today, a growing number of Americans report having short sleep hours and prospective epidemiological data reveal an independent association of reduced sleep duration with an increased incidence of diabetes and obesity . So far, the possibility that short sleep hours may compromise physical activity and its metabolic benefits, and exacerbate the adverse effects of sedentary living has not been considered . Thus, the primary goal of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that short sleep duration is accompanied by reduced levels of everyday physical activity and aerobic fitness, and that recurrent sleep loss can disrupt the maintenance of adequate levels of exercise in adults with increased risk for DM . Experimental sleep deprivation can also interfere with the secretion and systemic action of insulin in the absence of changes in everyday physical activity . However, the effects of recurrent sleep loss on the secretion and metabolic actions of insulin in high-risk populations have not been investigated . Therefore, another important goal of this proposal is to determine the magnitude and define the potential mechanisms of the effects of sleep loss on glucose homeostasis in adults at risk for DM . To achieve these goals, we will combine 1) studies of high-risk individuals with established long-term differences in usual sleep duration under free-living conditions and 2) laboratory experiments, that involve controlled manipulations of the amount of sleep, in order to explore the impact of short sleep hours on daily activity-related energy expenditure, exercise habits, beta-cell function, and insulin sensitivity in muscle, liver, and fat .

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M e n t o r : Philipson, LouisD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : lphillpin@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 15462


TRX4 Therapeutic Evaluation of Different Multi-Dose Regimens in Type 1 Diabetes

A b s t r a c t :

The objective of this research study is to study the safety of TRX4 and to also understand how TRX4 is handled by the body after receiving 8 days of dosing . Subjects will be assigned to receive 8 doses of an assigned amount of TRX4 by the order in which they decide to participate in the study . It is believed that TRX4 can react with the body’s immune system in such a way that it modifies the part of the immune system that is responsible for causing diseases, such as diabetes mellitus . TRX4 is under investigation to determine if it may delay the progression of pancreatic insulin dysfunction/deficiency in type I diabetes . Although it is not a major goal of this study, doctors will look at how type I diabetics respond to TRX4 .

M e n t o r : Van Cauter, EveD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : evcauter@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 14075


Sleep Disturbances as a Nontraditional Risk Factor in CKD-Sleep and Kidney Function

A b s t r a c t :

There is increasing evidence from both epidemiologic and laboratory studies for an association between sleep duration and/or quality and the prevalence and/or severity of major chronic diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease . Sleep disturbances, particularly sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and periodic leg movements (PLM), are more prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) than in the general population . Because the hormones involved in the control of kidney function are markedly modulated by sleep, it is possible that sleep disturbances have an adverse effect on kidney function . This protocol therefore seeks to explore the role of decreased sleep duration and/or quality as a risk factor for the progression of chronic renal insufficiency and the development of cardiovascular disease in CKD . This study has two over-arching hypotheses: 1 . Sleep quality will be a predictor of the progression of CKD, and 2 . Sleep quality will be a predictor of cardiovascular disease in CKD . This protocol addresses Specific Aim 3, 4 and 5 which seeks to (3) define the relationship between chronobiological profiles of the hormones controlling fluid balance (renin, aldosterone), nighttime sympatho-vagal balance, cardiovascular function, and sleep in mild to moderate CKD non-diabetic patients compared to healthy, matched controls; and (4) and to test if improvements in sleep duration and quality in CKD patients will improve hormonal patterns, sympatho-vagal balance and cardiovascular function .The hypotheses are that compared to healthy, matched controls, CKD patients have:1 .Elevated daytime and nightime levels of plasma epinephrine and elevated day and night time cardiac sympatho-vagal balance and will improve with sleep extension .2 . Elevated daytime and decreased nightime plasma rein activity and will improve with sleep extension .3 . Elevated daytime levels and reduced nocturnal levels of aldosterone and will improve with sleep extension .

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M e n t o r : Van Cauter, EveD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : evcauter@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 09-049


Cardiometabolic Risk of Shift Work: Sleep Loss vs Circadian Disruption

A b s t r a c t :

The combination of objective ambulatory assessments of sleep duration and circadianmisalignment with laboratory assessments of cardio-metabolic risk will determine theoverall hypothesis that shift work involves a higher cardio-metabolic risk than regularday work and that both reduced sleep duration and circadian misalignment aresignificant predictors of their elevated cardio-metabolic risk .



Effects of CPAP Treatment on Glucose Control in Patient with Type 2 Diabetes

A b s t r a c t :

The overall goal of the proposed protocol is to test the hypothesis that in patients withboth type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), continuous positiveairway pressure (CPAP) treatment has beneficial effects on blood glucose control . If ourhypothesis were to be proven, this would imply that CPAP treatment of OSA in patientswith T2DM is an essential component of their glycemic control . The proposed work is thusexpected to provide additional preventive and non-pharmacologic therapeutic approachesin the management of millions of patients with T2DM .



Impact of Exenatide on Sleep and Circadian Function in Type 2 Diabetes

A b s t r a c t :

The purpose of the research is to test the hypothesis that exenatide treatment in patients with T2DM results in improved sleep duration and quality and to explore the relationship between improvements in sleep and measures of metabolic and circadian function .

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Sleep and Metabolism in Obesity: The Impact of Gender

A b s t r a c t :

The specific aims are to test the hypothesis that during sleep: 1 . there are sex differencesin slow wave activity (SWA) in obese adults with and without obstructive sleepapnea(OSA) . 2 . Individual levels of SWA partly predict objective and subjective daytimesleepiness in obese adults with and without OSA . 3 . Individual levels of SWA predictsdiabetes risk in obese adults without and with OSA . 4 . CPAP treatment will increase SWAand decrease diabetes risk in men and women with OSA and that diabetes risk post-CPAP will be predicted by the levels of SWA .

M e n t o r : Van Cauter, EveD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : evcauter@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 16028


Individual Differences in Diabetes Risk: Role of Sleep Disturbances

A b s t r a c t :

Chronic patrial sleep loss, due to bedtime restriction, is a hallmark of modern society and highly prevalent in active duty army personnel . During the past few years, evidence from laboratory and epidemiological studies has indicated that decreased sleep duration has an adverse effect on glucose regulation and on the neuro-endocrine control of appetite . Taken together, the findings suggest that chronic partial sleep deprivation may be involved in the current epidemic of obesity and diabetes (DM) . Our group has evidence for a strong individual differences in metabolic as well as cognitive vulnerability to sleep loss . We have prelimnary data in a small group of young men that suggest that a specific heritable trait of the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG), known as slow-wave activity (SWA), accounts for the majority of individual variability in the adverse effects of sleep loss on DM risk .The study objectives are to identify SWA as a predictor of DM risk in a subject population with a gender, ethnic and age distribution similar to that of active duty army personnel and to test the hypthesis that individuals with low SWA are at much higher risk to develop DM following chronic partial sleep restriction than those with higher SWA . The study will also explore the potential relationship between individual differences in DM risk following sleep loss and individual differences in risk of weight gain and in the magnitude of neurocognitive deficits .

M e n t o r : Maitland, MichaelD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine-Hematology / OncologyE m a i l : mmaitlan@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 15737


Analysisof Variation in Measurement of Circulating Levels of Bio Mediators

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A b s t r a c t :

We plan to create a reserve of plasma and serum specimens from normal, healthy volunteers in which variability of circulating mediators can be observed through analysis by a multiplex proteome assay . Having this archive in which biomarkers are measured and standardized allows for the comparison against patients with disease and on treatment with pharmacologic drugs to determine any change in the measurement of potential biomarkers against the normal individuals .

M e n t o r : Tasali, EsraD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine-Pulmonary/Critical CareE m a i l : etasali@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 14439


Heritability of SWA

A b s t r a c t :

The ability of beta cells to compensate for changes in insulin sensitivity is essential to maintain normal glucose tolerance and to avoid the development of diabetes . Type 2 diabetes has been recognized as a “2 hit “ phenomenon, in which insulin resistance is accompanied by a pancreatic beta–cell defect preventing compensatory up-regulation of insulin secretion . Previously, our group has demonstrated that sleep duration and quality play an important role in glucose regulation and metabolism . Slow-wave activity (SWA), defined as EEG spectral power in the low frequency (0 .5-4Hz) range, is the most accurate marker of sleep intensity . We, as well as others, have found an excellent night-to-night reproducibility of SWA despite marked individual differences in young and older adults, suggesting that SWA might be a stable quantitative phenotype . Furthermore, twin studies have shown that slow wave sleep (SWS), the deepest stages of non-REM sleep, is a highly heritable characteristic . We have recently obtained exciting preliminary findings: 1) in young healthy adults, SWA is positively correlated with the amount of insulin secreted in response to a standard intravenous glucose tolerance test (r=0 .80, p<0 .02) . This remarkable correlation suggests that individual differences in SWA may be a predictor of individual differences in diabetic risk, such that the ability of pancreatic beta cells to compensate for various degrees of insulin resistance may be dependent on SWA . 2) Experimental suppression of SWS without change in total sleep time during three consecutive nights is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and decreased glucose tolerance in healthy young adults Taken together, we hypothesize that the heritability of SWA might play a role in the predisposition to diabetes . To test this hypothesis, we will determine the heritability of SWA within a large family of 171 members, and characterize glucose tolerance and insulin secretion for each individual .

M e n t o r : Tasali, EsraD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine-Pulmonary/Critical CareE m a i l : etasali@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 14916


Pathways Linking Reduced Sleep Duration and Quality to Obesity Risk

A b s t r a c t :

The goal of this project is to obtain evidence linking short sleep or reduced sleep quality, to alterations in specific central nervous system and peripheral pathways regulating energy intake . Normal young adults will be studied under three conditions: 4 days with undisturbed sleep (8 .5hrs in bed; “baseline”), 4 days with short undisturbed sleep (4 .5 hrs in bed; “short sleep”) and 4 days of experimental suppression of SWS (8 .5 hrs in bed; “SWS sleep suppression”) . Both the

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“short sleep” and “SWS suppression” conditions will be followed by 2 nights of undisturbed recovery sleep with 9 hours in bed . The specific aims are: Sleep restriction or reduced sleep quality increase obesity risk due to: Aim1: 1) deactivation of the prefrontal cortex, 2) attenuated and/or delayed deactivation in appetite centers in response to oral glucose . We will examine prefrontal and hypothalamic region by fMRI during oral glucose ingestion; Aim 2: altered glucose tolerance, partly as a result of changes in brain glucose utilization . Blood glucose levels will be measured continuously for 76 hours via subcutaneous sensors . We will do PET studies followed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test (ivGTT) . Changes in cerebral metabolic rate will be analyzed with the parameters of ivGTT; Aim 3: to a shift of sympatho-vagal balance leading to impaired pancreatic insulin release and of gut-derived orexigenic and anorexigenic factors . Heart rate variability will be monitored throughout the study and 24-h profiles of pancreatic polypeptide, total ghrelin and Peptide YY (PYY), will be measured under conditions of controlled caloric intake . Aim 4: defective insulin signaling in adipocytes, resulting in altered secretion of leptin and adiponectin that are major regulators of energy homeostasis . Biopsies of subcutaneous fat will be performed to assess insulin signaling and glucose and lipid metabolism Aim 5: sleep restriction or reduced sleep quality will result in increased food intake

M e n t o r : Tasali, EsraD e p a r t m e n t : Medicine-Pulmonary/Critical CareE m a i l : etasali@medicine .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 09-249


Effective Treatment of Sleep Apnea in Prediabetes to Reduce Cardiometabloic Risk

A b s t r a c t :

The overall goal of this study is to rigorously test the hypothesis that effective CPAP treatment of OSA with optimum compliance during the entire night can improve glucose metabolism in prediabetes and reduce cardiometabolic risk .

M e n t o r : Stephenson, MaryD e p a r t m e n t : Obstetrics & GynecologyE m a i l : mstephen@babies .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 13677


PK of LMWH and UFH in Pregnancy

A b s t r a c t :

The overall goal of this study is to optimize prophylactic dosing of dalteparin and unfractionated heparin (UFH) in pregnancy for women with obstetrical antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) which is used to decrease maternal and fetal morbidity/mortality . The investigators’ proposed dosing protocols for dalteparin and UFH need to be verified based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters . AUC will be used to estimate heparin exposure prior to pregnancy, during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters, and postpartum . Following this, a multi-centered randomized trial will be designed to compare pregnancy outcomes, as well as maternal and fetal complications, in women with APS who are desirous of a child .

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M e n t o r : Greeley, Siri AtmaD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : sgreeley@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 16935


Sleep Neurodevelopment & Beta Cell Function in Neonatal & Monogenic Diabetes

A b s t r a c t :

Monogenic diabetes represents a group of disorders caused by a single gene mutation . Although nearly all result at least in part from a problem with the function of the cells that make insulin (beta cells in the pancreas), the most appropriate treatment can only be guided by a clear understanding of the underlying defect . For instance, mutations in a beta cell channel that is associated with a receptor for a known diabetes medicine (sulfonylureas, or glyburide in particular) therefore respond so well to this treatment that these patients usually no longer need insulin shots . However, the precise extent to which such patients have a loss of their beta cell function, and to what extent it is normalized by their treatment over time, is not known . We thus propose carefully testing beta cell function and insulin action (measured as insulin sensitivity, or how easily a given amount of insulin can do its job, which includes keeping blood sugars in the normal range), in patients with monogenic diabetes that is being controlled on sulfonylureas (nearly always glyburide) . We will use standard measures including mixed meal testing, as well as oral or intravenous glucose and arginine stimulation testing, to carefully document the beta cell function and insulin action in such patients, in whom it remains unclear how close to normal such function may be . Since such patients usually require lower doses of glyburide over time, we will reevaluate the patients at multiple time points after they have been switched to glyburide therapy, in order to assess whether this could be due to improved beta cell function, or insulin action, or both . Finally, we also propose documenting sleep and neurodevelopmental characteristics in these patients who often have a range of developmental disabilities, since sleep is increasingly recognized as having an important impact on beta cell function and insulin action . We will also study a group of healthy adult relatives as controls .

M e n t o r : Greeley, Siri AtmaD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : sgreeley@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 16937


Assessment of Beta Cell Function in Response to Glyburide in Neonatal & Monogeni

A b s t r a c t :

Monogenic diabetes represents a group of disorders caused by a single gene mutation . Although nearly all result at least in part from a problem with the function of the cells that make insulin (beta cells in the pancreas), the most appropriate treatment can only be guided by a clear understanding of the underlying defect . For instance, mutations in a beta cell channel that is associated with a receptor for a known diabetes medicine (sulfonylureas, or glyburide in particular) respond so well to this treatment that usually insulin shots are no longer needed . Although only a percentage of patients with early onset diabetes have these particular mutations, the remainder are likely to have an underlying monogenic cause that may or may not be known . We thus propose carefully testing beta cell function and insulin action (measured as insulin sensitivity, or how easily a given amount of insulin can do its job, which includes keeping blood sugars in the normal range), in patients likely to have monogenic diabetes, whether the cause has been identified yet or not . Furthermore, limited anecdotal data suggests that some of these such patients may also respond to glyburide, but this has not been formally studied . We will use standard measures including mixed meal testing, as well as intravenous (or oral) glucose and arginine stimulation testing,

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to carefully document the beta cell function and insulin action in such patients, and repeat maximal stimulation testing after glyburide administraiton and GLP-1 infusion . Finally, we also propose documenting sleep and neurodevelopmental characteristics in these patients who often have a range of developmental disabilities, since sleep is increasingly recognized as having an important impact on beta cell function and insulin action .

M e n t o r : Rosenfield, RobertD e p a r t m e n t : Pediatrics- Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismE m a i l : robros@peds .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 13472


GnRH Agonist Test

A b s t r a c t :

This is a new protocol that is a simplified merger of two former protocols, #6585 and #9214 . It proposes to test the overall hypothesis that the hormonal responses to injection of a challenge dose of GnRH agonist (GnRHag) will distinguish among disorders of puberty as well as a sleep test . Specifically, we will test the hypotheses that the response to injection of the GnRH agonist leuprolide acetate will distinguish among the causes of precocious puberty and among the causes of delayed puberty .

M e n t o r : Childs, EmmaD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceE m a i l : echilds@yoda .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 10-005


Time Course of Changes in Breath Alchohol Concentration after Intravenous Alcohol

A b s t r a c t :

The aim of the study is to accurately measure the time course of changes in breath alcohol concentration after intravenous infusions of alcohol . The proposed study will provide supplementary data for an iv alcohol imaging study (protocol #15132a) which cannot be obtained in the fMRI environment .

M e n t o r : de Wit, HarrietD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceE m a i l : hdew@uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 15132


The Effects of Psychoactive Drugs on Brain Activity

A b s t r a c t :

The aim of the study is to measure individual differences in brain activity after intravenous alcohol using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) . Alcohol is known to produce stimulant-like subjective effects in some individuals,

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but sedative-like effects in others . We propose to assess brain activation patterns in relation to subjective effects using fMRI in a counterbalanced, 2-session, placebo-controlled, within-subjects design with 60mg% alcohol (5% Alcohol in 5% dextrose) administered intravenously . Healthy male subjects (n=20) will participate in two sessions conducted in the Brain Research Imaging Centre (BRIC) between 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm . The sessions will be at least 72 h apart . Subjects will receive an infusion of alcohol (5% alcohol in 5% dextrose) or placebo (5% dextrose) while in the fMRI scanner . Treatment administration will be randomized and subjects will be blinded to the infusion . Immediately before and after the scan, subjects will complete standardized questionnaires to assess mood and drug effects . We hypothesize that stimulant-like subjective effects are expected to be associated with increases in activation in the mesolimbic dopamine system, whereas sedative-like effects are expected to be more associated with GABAergic activation . We will investigate these effects in a male population . In our previous study we also used a male population since differences in body composition between males and females will lead to greater variation in the pharmacokinetics and therefore effects of alcohol . After this preliminary investigation we will extend the study to include female participants .

M e n t o r : de Wit, HarrietD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceE m a i l : hdew@uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 10-120


Effects of MDMA on Social and Emotional Processing

A b s t r a c t :

The main aim of the primary study is to investigate the effects of ±3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) on social and emotional processing in healthy humans . Ecstasy is a widely used recreational drug, with over 2 million Americans reporting use of the drug in 2006 . With this number of users, and evidence that high doses of MDMA are neurotoxic in laboratory animals, the public health implications of ecstasy use may be substantial . Certain subjective effects of this drug distinguish it from other stimulants, and may contribute to its widespread use: That is, users report that ecstasy produces profound feelings of empathy and closeness to others . These so-called ‘empathogenic’ effects, which may reflect the distinctive neurochemical profile of action of the drug, have yet to be characterized in controlled laboratory studies . In the primary study, we propose to characterize the effects of MDMA on measures of social and emotional processing that may contribute to this ‘empathogenic’ profile, including measures of emotion recognition, emotional responsiveness and sociability . We will assess effects of MDMA (0, 1 .0 and 1 .5 mg/kg) one active control drug (oxytocin) in 100 volunteers who report some prior ecstasy use . Oxytocin (20 IU) will be used because it appears to produce pro-social behavioral effects resembling those attributed to MDMA . In exploratory analyses, we will also examine variability in the drug’s effects in relation to gender and genetic markers .

M e n t o r : Lee, RoyceD e p a r t m e n t : Psychiatry and Behavioral NeuroscienceE m a i l : rlee@yoda .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 16427


The Effects of Intranasal and Intravenous Corticotropin Releasing Hormone

A b s t r a c t :

Summary Description of the Research: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has been found to play an important role in the neurobiology of depression and anxiety . A body of preclinical work has revealed its neurotransmitter-like function in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala . Human studies have been limited by the inaccessibility of these receptors

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to oral or intravenous dosing due to the blood brain barrier . It is likely that this inaccessibility will also limit putative antagonists of the receptor . Intranasal peptide formulation may provide a direct route to the brain that can be tested . This project will test the effect of intranasal and intravenous CRH challenge vs . placebo on measures of emotional information processing known to be abnormal in depression . 42 non-depressed subjects with lifetime history of depression and 42 healthy normal controls will undergo a double-blind, placebo-crossover challenge with intranasal CRH on three (3) non-consecutive study days . Following intranasal and intravenous CRH or placebo challenge, the emotion modulated startle blink and Ekman emotional faces identification tasks will be performed . Data analysis will utilize negative bias in emotion processing as dependent variables .

M e n t o r : Witkowski, PiotrD e p a r t m e n t : Surgery- Transplant SurgeryE m a i l : pwitkowski@surgery .bsd .uchicago .eduP r o t o c o l N u m b e r : 12176


Islet Cell Transportation

A b s t r a c t :

To determine the safety, feasibility and efficacy of using isolated human islets as transplanted allografts for controlling hyperglycemia in brittle and/or complex diabetic patients .A . A variety of quality control tests on islets isolated in The University of Chicago's new cGMP (current Good Manufacturing Practices) cell processing laboratory . These tests will bbe perfomed to determine the outcomes of single pancreas digestion and islet isolation on the quantity, size, viability, functional response to glucose, and insulin content of isolated islets .B . Glycemic control in islet transplant recipients . This will be assessed by routine follow-up laboratory studies, as well as provacative testing such as arginine stimulation testing and mixed meal testing .

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P r i o r P r o j e c t s

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Mentor Research Title Student Year

Anesthesia & Critical Care

Barach, Paul Mortality and Adverse Events in Congenital Heart Disease Patients: A Retrospective Chart Review of a New Clinical Program at the University of Chicago Galvin, Cynthia 2002

Barach, Paul Sentinel Events at the University of Chicago Hospitals: Evaluation of Housestaff and Medical Student Attitudes toward Adverse Medical Events Vohra, Pam 2002

Bryon, Yvon The Effects of Clinical MRI scans on the Thermoregulation of Children Under Sedation or General Anesthesia Tronshaw, Napatia 2004

Bryon, Yvon Establishing the Efficacy of CGH-array in the Detection of Aneuploidies and Submicroscopic Imbalances in the Fetal Genome Resulting in Pregnancy Loss Szafran, Martin 2003

Cook, Richard Characterizing the Technical Work Context of ICUs Kowalsky, Julie 2004

DeBoisblanc, Bennett Effect of Airway Pressure Display on Interobserver Variability in the Assessment of Vascular Pressures in Patients with ARDS. Rizvi, Kamran 2002

Ellis, John Does whole-blood platelet aggregometry demonstrate hypercoagulability in morbidly obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery? Lanigan, Megan 2005

Ellis, John Facilitating increased perioperative beta blockade using processed electroencephalogram monitoring to titrate anesthetic administration Thong, Alan 2005

Ellis, John Do Perioperative Thrombelastography and Platelet Aggregometer Study Predict Thrombotic Complications in Patients Undergoing Lower Extremity Revascularization? Tucker, Iris 1999

Glick, David The Incidence of Perioperative Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Lower Extermities Clinite, Kimberly 2011

Glick, David Comparison of Sedation Methods for Awake Fiberoptic Intubation Zheng, Xiwen 2011

Glick, David The efficacy of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct sedative during awake fiberoptic intubation Swaniker, Jasmine 2010

Glick, David Reimbursement Rates and Competitive Atmosphere for Medical and Surgical Procedures Woo, Joyce 2010

Glick, David Comparing the Relative Efficacy of Sedation Regimens with and without Dexmedetomidine for Awake Fiberoptic Intubations: a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Prospective Study Dilly, Laura 2009

Glick, David Relationship Between Bispectral Index Score and Recall of Travel to the OR and of Cued Words Lyons, Patrick 2009

Glick, David Correlation of Baseline Bispectral Index Score and Medical Comorbidities and Use of Pain Medicines and/or Anti-Epileptic Drugs King, Michael 2008

Glick, David The Effect of a Pre-Induction De-Fasiculating Dose of Muscle Relaxant on the BIS Score Maertens, Francisca 2008

Glick, David Correlation of the Bispectral Index Score With the First Episode of Recall After Surgery in the PACU Wallace, Kaitlyn 2008

Glick, David Comparison of Two Drug Regimens for Awake Fiberoptic Intubation: Dexmedetomidine v. Placebo Dorsey, Megan 2007

Glick, David Determinants of Case Cancellations on the Day of Surgery Ray, Neil 2007

Glick, David Comparison of Mapleson D Circuit to Ambu Bag Ventilation for Induction of Hypocapnia in Patients Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy Walter, James 2007

Glick, David Effect of Parental Digital Recording on Emergence Delirium in Children Foley, Ryan 2006

Glick, David An Evaluation of the Clinical Impact of Digital Recordings in a Patient's Native Tongue Upon Emergence from Anesthesia Fuller, Sam 2006

Glick, David Hemodynamic Response and Incidence of Sore Throat to Fiberoptic Orotracheal Intubation Miu, Timothy 2006

Glick, David EN 2 Gene and Autism Henriksen, Kammi 2004

Houamed, Khaled Heterometic Assembly of KCNN Potassium Channels Subunits Glover, John 2001

Houamed, Khaled A Putative Molecular Mechanism for Immune Suppression by General Anesthia Ryan, Devon 2001

Houamed, Khaled Structure & Function of SK (Small Conductance Ca2+ Activated Potassium) Channels Richardson, Jessica 2000

Klock, Allan The Testing of a Reliable and Valid Instrument to Measure Perioperative Patient Satisfaction Paul, Michael 1999

McDade, William The Effect of Nitric Oxide on the Solubility of Hemoglobin S Conwell, Walter 2004

McDade, William Nitric-Oxide’s Effect on Blood from Sickle Cell Disease Patients Kersh, Jay 2004

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McDade, William Does Sickled Hemoglobin Better Polymerize in the Absence of Nitric Oxide Deal, Litisha 2002

McDade, William The Effect of Nitric Oxide on Sickle Hemoglobin Soluability Thompson, Kimberley 2001

McDade, William The Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Morphology of Sickle Erythrocytes Williams, Tokoya 2001

McDade, William Does Cell Rescue with Poloxamer 188 Restore Cell Function? James, Tobias 1999

McDade, William Expression of Mutant Sickle Hemoglobin in Saccharomyces cerevesiae Robinson, Tiffany 1999

McDade, William Map the surface of the sickle hemoglobin fiber using site-directed mutagenesis and electron microscopy Sano, Yuko 1998

McDade, William Designing a Clinical Study: Managing Sickle Cell Pain Crisis through Region Anesthesia Ayers, Donald 1997

McDade, William Saturation Concentration of Sickle Hemoglobin in the Presence of Nitric Oxide Boler, Nicole 1997

McDade, William Site-directed Mutagenesis of Human Hemoglobin Perry, Jonathan 1997

McDade, William The expression of hemoglobin in yeast and purification of recombinant hemoglobin Primus, Gregory 1997

O'Connor, Michael Correlation Between Central Venous Pressure (CVP) and Peripheral Venous Pressure (PVP) and Their Relationship to Cardiac Output in Critically Ill Patients Keese, Michelle 2006

Roth, Steven Neuroprotective Mechanism of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Ischemic Retina Xue, Lai 2011

Roth, Stephen Optimizing Post-ischemic Treatment in Retinal Ischemia Poston, Jacqueline 2010

Roth, Stephen Role of Phosphatases in Retinal Ischemic Preconditioning Bratton, Anthony 2009

Roth, Stephen The role of Akt/protein kinase B and p38 in retinal ischemic postconditioning Sampat, Ajay 2009

Roth, Stephen The Role of MKP-1 and PP2A in Retinal Ischemic Preconditioning Du, Eugenie 2008

Roth, Stephen Protein Kinases, Mitochondrial kATP Channel and Retinal Ischemic Preconditioning Shen, Yang 2006

Roth, Stephen Relationship of Erythropoietin and the Akt Phosphorylation Pathway in Neuroprotection Hemmert, Jon 2005

Roth, Stephen The roles of PKC delta and PKC epsilon in Retinal Ischemic Preconditioning Shenoy, Shanti 2005

Roth, Stephen Erythropoietin and Endogenous Neuroprotection Hagevik, Sarah 2004

Roth, Stephen Mechanisms of Action of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Hagevik, Sarah 2003

Roth, Stephen Expression of Adenosine A1 and A2a Receptors Following Retinal Ischemic Injury in the Rat Ho, Vivien 2001

Roth, Stephen Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Retinal Ischemia Pelham, Daniel 2001

Roth, Stephen Visual Complications after Anesthesia and Non-Eye Surgery Bartos, Blythe 2000

Roth, Stephen Adenosine A2A receptor; Therapeutic effects of post-ischemic blockade Ohly, Johann 2000

Roth, Stephen 2-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis; Proteomics of Ischemic Preconditioning in Rat Retinal Model Ro, Thomas 2000

Roth, Stephen Differential Roles of Adenosine A1 and A2a Receptors in Reperfusion Injury in the Retina Jennings, Nuala 1997

Roth, Stephen Oxypurinol, Deoxycoformycin and the Attenuation of Retinal Reperfusion Injury Sikorski, Christian 1997

Yuan, Chun-Su Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Comparison of Usage and Attitudes Among French and American Physicians in Hospital and Private Practices Fishbein, Anna 2004

Anesthesia & Critical Care - Pediatrics

Koogler, Tracy Religion and Spirituality in Conversations About Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Therapies: Differences Between European American and Hispanic Parents Chang, Diane 2006

Koogler, Tracy Pediatric Organ Donation: Perspectives of Parents and Guardians of Critically Ill Children Stark, Allison 2005

172


Koogler, Tracy Guardians' Views on Donation after Cardiac Death Kaplan, Bonnie 2004

Koogler, Tracy Surrogate Perspectives on the Pediatric Organ Donation Discussion Myers, Griffin 2004

Koogler, Tracy Family Perspectives in Pediatric Palliative Care Bauer, Kimberly 2002

Koogler, Tracy A Determination of Pediatric Palliative Care Quality of Life Greenberg, Jason 2002

Koogler, Tracy Effective Pain Management in Children who are Facing Life-Limiting Illness: Palliative Care Providers v. Traditional Care Providers Schulte, Leah 2002

Koogler, Tracy On Pediatric Residents' Attitudes and Knowledge of Neonatal and Pediatric Ethical Dilemma Bauer, Sarah 2001

Koogler, Tracy Support Systems and Doctor/Patient Communication in Parents of Pediatric Oncology Patients Gundlapalli, Sujana 2000

Ben May Institute for Cancer Research

Du, Wei On Identifying the Role of Cyclin G in the Cell Cycle Regulation Process Keefe, Stephen 2000

Greene, Geoffrey Visualization of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Beta in Human Breast Tumors Lu, Jimmy 2000

Macleod, Kay A Novel Role for Autophagy in Invasion and Migration of Metastatic Tumor Cells. Collier, Christopher 2010

Rosner, Marsha PKC Alpha Regulation of High Mobility Group AT-hook 2 in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Blaschke, Eric 2007

Rosner, Marsha Analysis of Ras Activation in Single Cells Schade, George 2004

Sharp, Willard pH and Hypercarbia in Ischemia and Reperfusion in Cardiac Myocytes. Kukulski, Paul 2011

Sharp, Will Cellular Mechanisms of Hypothermia Protection in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Croft, Micah 2008

Tang, Wei-Jen Insulin-Degrading Enzyme as a Potential Therapeutic for Alzheimer's Disease King, Elizabeth 2007

Tang, Wei-Jen Small Molecule Inhibition of Anthrax Edema Factor Barton, Jeffrey 2005

Tang, Wei-Jen Further Improvement of the Affinity of Adefovir Analogs Against Anthrax Edema Factor Kopulos. Luke 2004

Tang, Wei-Jen The Effects of Edema Toxin of Bacillus anthracis on Human Dendritic Cells and Monocytes Sisul, David 2004

Tang, Wei-Jen Anthrax Edema Factor: Identifying Small Molecular Inhibitory Compounds Tsuang, Wayne 2003

Family Medicine

Hickner, John Quality Assessment of Abnormal Test Results in Community Health Centers Chen, Eric 2008

Hickner, John Logistical Barriers to Follow-up Attendance for Emergency Department Patients without a Primary Care Physician Casper, Claire 2007

Hickner, John Access to Speciality Care Services: An Exploration of Physician Perspectives on the South Side of Chicago Dorsey, Chelsea 2007

Hickner, John Urban Community Health Center Physicians' Knowledge and Beliefs about Resources for Providing High Quality of Care Esparaza, Nereida 2007

Hickner, John Motivations and Attitudes of Health Center Physicians on the South Side of Chicago Haughey, Lexie 2007

Hickner, John Information Technology Use by Physicians in Community Health Centers on Chicago's Southside Nava, Lucia 2007

Hickner, John Physician Dispensing in a Community Health Center: A Case Study Donald, Stephanie 2006

Hickner, John Why patients use the Emergency Department for non -urgent medical care instead of their primary care physician Beckmann, David 2005

Hickner, John Analysis of frequent visitors of the Emergency Department at the University of Chicago Hospital Sandoval, Elizabeth 2005

Stulberg, Debra Delay of Care in Ectopic Pregnancy Jarosch, Christina 2006

Whitaker, Eric From the Mouths of Babes: Youth Violence in the Roseland Community in Chicago Dawson, Damien 2000

173


Whitaker, Eric Attitudes and Beliefs of African Americans Regarding HIV Risk Behaviors and HIV Testing Israel, Adina 1999

Whitaker, Eric African-American Men's Perspectives on Health Ravenell, Joseph 1997

Health Studies

Ahsan, Habibul The Measurement of HbA1c for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Diabetes Mellitus in Araihazar, Bangladesh. Eppler, Adam 2010

Casalino, Lawrence Cost of Interactions With Health Plans To Physician Practices Nair, Alison 2006

Casalino, Lawrence A Study of the Prevalence of Colonography: Phantom and Clinical Evaluations Failure to Inform Errors in Four Types of Outpatient Settings Bielang, Rebecca 2005

Casalino, Lawrence Failure to Inform Patients of Abnormal Test Results: Physicians' Perceptions About the Problem Lockwood, Robert 2005

Casalino, Lawrence The Prevalence of Failure to Inform Errors in Outpatient Settings Nelson, Valerie 2004

Casalino, Lawrence Physician Collective Negotiations Shah, Ritesh 2002

Koetting, Michael Management Strategies for the Intensive Care Unit: A Quantitative Analysis of the Utilization of a Scarce Hospital Resource Ehrenfeld, Jesse 2001

Koetting, Michael CPR Outcomes for Doctor Cart Cardon, Ross 2000

Koetting, Michael Declining Professional Fees; Why are OB/GYN Physicians Losing Money? Eagle, Roseann & Phillips, Richard 2000

History

Cohen-Cole, Jamie Placebos in Health Care Practice Sherman, Rachel 2005

Human Genetics

Ehrmann, David & Bell, Graeme Association Studies of Polymorphisms in Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 and Follistatin Genes with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Kason, Rosanne 1999

Ledbetter, David Analysis of t(2;9) Breakpoints Associated with Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum, Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia , and Iris and Chorioretinal Eye Colobomas Ramocki, Melissa 2000

Ledbetter, David Differential expression of UBE3A transcripts based on dosage differences of the chromosome 15q11-q13 region Van Zander, JoEllen 1997

Martin, Christa Physician Burnout and Its Effects: Comparing Hospitalists and Non-Hospitalists on Academic General Medicine Services Schaeffer, Anthony 2003

Immunology

Bluestone, Jeffrey The Inducible T-Cell Costimulator ICOS Interacts with T Cell Signaling Machinery Boden, Elisa 1999

Bluestone, Jeffrey Roles of Src-Family Kinases in T Cell Activation Induced by Anti-CD3 Antibodies Subudhi, Sumit 1999

Bluestone, Jeffrey Examination of the relative costimulatory role of B7-1 and B7-2 interactions during a physiological immune response in xenogeneic pancreatic islet transplant settings using mouse/rat specimens Carr, Kevin 1998

Lee, Kyung Cell-Surface Trafficking of Inducible Costimulatory (ICOS) Receptor on T-Cells Ashourian, Neda 2000

McKeithan, Timothy BCL3 and BCL6 in B-cell lymphomas Poma, Clifton 1998

Sant, Andrea Antigenicity of the Self-Peptide E-alpha inserted into E.coli Maltose Binding Protein Ceballos, Russell R. 2000

Shilyansky, Joel Induction of CD8 Response to a Defined Class I Immunodominant Antigen Seeley, Eric 1999

Shilyansky, Joel The Effects of IL-10 and IL-12 on Immune Response to Tumor in a Mouse Model Brown, Ian 1998

Shilyansky, Joel Understanding the relationship of CD4 and CD8 T Cells during immune response to cancer Seeley, Eric 1998

Sperling, Anne The Expression of FasL (CD95L) in CD95L) in CD95LP-Luc Transgenic Mice during T Cell Stimulation and Airway Inflammation Tong, Stacy 2000

Legal Affairs

Kuhn, Michele Risk Management Survey; Assessment of Physicians Practices and Perceptions Regarding Error Reporting Bolbolan, Shala 2000

174


MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics

Orfali, Kristina Parents Perceptions of Decision Making in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Najim, Claire 2000

Orfali, Kristina Physician's Attitudes Towards Decision-Making in NICU's in France and the U.S. Patrianakos, Athena 2000

Orfali, Kristina Patient's Hospital Experience: A Qualitative Approach Bhatia, Preeti 1999

Ross, Lainie Friedman The Attitudes of Health Care Providers to Stigma in Carriers of Genetic Disorders Moffett, Alexander 2009

Ross, Lainie Friedman Are Illinois Pediatricians Keeping Up With Newborn Screening Expansion? Stark, Alexander 2008

Ross, Lainie Friedman Genetic Screening for Fragile X: A Survey of Physicians' Attitudes Kehler, Jacqueline 2007

Ross, Lainie Friedman Collecting and Reporting Ethnic and Racial Demographics in Research Published in Pediatric Journals Years July 1999-June 2000 Walsh, Catherine 2002

Ross, Lainie Friedman Does Research Published in Pediatric Journals conform to Research Ethics Standards Weil, Eric 2001

Ross, Lainie Friedman Faculty attitudes toward issues of access and consent in human subject research involving patient charts and protocol submissions to the Institutional Review Board Kieff, Elizabeth 2000

Medicine - Cardiology

Archer, Stephen Induction of HIF1a using Cobalt Chloride Induces Pulmonary Hypertension in vivo Jain, Sushil 2009

Childers, Rory Features of an Exceptionally Narrow QRS Data Set: The Effect of Aging Pariser, Joseph 2008

Kim, Antony The Anti-thrombotic Effects of Human Platelet Glycoprotein Ib Alpha (Gplb�) Inhibition in a Novel Murine Model Atkins, Joanna 2007

Kim, Antony Kinetic Associations of Anti-Human Glycoprotein Ib� Antibodies with the GPIb� Receptor Williams, Joseph 2007

Nathan, SandeepQuantitative and Compositional Differences in Coronary Atheroma in ACS vs. non-ACS Patients Detected In Vivo Via Intravascular Ultrasound-Virtual Histology (IVUS-VH) Prior to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)

Jagadeesan, Vikrant 2011

Scanu, Angelo Lipoprotein(a)’s Pro-Inflammatory Potential: the Role of Oxidized Modifications of Kringle V Stack, Melinda 2008

Svensson, Eric The Role of Ets-1 in Coronary Vasculogenesis Bhatia, Ankit 2011

Medicine - Dermatology

Lang, Deborah PAX3, CXCR4, and Melanoma: The Molecular Connection Sun, Dana 2009

Lang, Deborah Pax3 and Sox10 Activate C-Met in Melanoma Wolsky, Rebecca 2007

Lang, Deborah Protein-Protein Interaction between Pax3 and a Groucho Co-Repressor of the Canonical Wnt Pathway, a Regulatory Pathway in Melanogenesis Dan, Colleen 2005

Shaw, James Add knowledge to the pathophysiology of acne by attempting to explain the differences between acne in women, typically of adult onset, and acne in men, which typically ends in the teen years Patton, Douglas 1998

Soltani, Keyoumars Researching the attitudes of dermatologists in the Chicago area with Chicago representing a microcosm of the rest of the nation Lui, Stephen 1998

Medicine - Emergency Medicine

Abella, Benjamin Quality CPR and End-Tidal Carbon Doxide Levels Wallbrecht, Joshua 2006

Abella, Benjamin The Effects of Monitoring CPR Quality Using Real-Time Audio Feedback During Cardiac Arrest Events Young, Elizabeth 2005

Beiser, David Tetrahydrobiopterin supplementation in a mouse model of cardiac arrest Chesley, Christopher 2011

Beiser, David Statins For The Early Treatment of Sepsis- A Pilot Study Adesoye, Taiwo 2009

Beiser, David A Randomized Controlled Trial of Lipid Resuscitation in an Novel Model of Local Anesthetic-Induced Cardiac Arrest Foley, Sara 2009

Beiser, David Nitric Oxide Production in a Mouse Model of Periodic z-axis Acceleration Cardoos, Nathan 2008

Beiser, David Clinical Measurement of Nitrosyl Hemoglobin: Using Sepsis as a Model for Post-Resuscitation Syndrome- A Pilot Study Das, Anshuman 2007

175


Fisher, Thomas Attitudes Toward Primary Care Follow-Up Among Emergency Department Patients Who Lack a Primary Care Home Green, Shavaughn 2008

Fisher, Thomas Using the Health Belief Model to Understand Barriers to Primary Care Follow-Up for Emergency Department Patients Without a Primary Care Home Kim, Josephine 2007

Howes, David Traditional vs assessment oriented oral case presentations in the ED: Efficiency, effectiveness, preference for use and the effects of interruptions Azurdia, Adrienne 2010

Howes, David Validity and Efficiency of Assessment Based Oral Care Presentations in the Academic Emergency Department Bachta, Steve 2004

Howes, David Interruptions during Oral Case Presentations in the Academic Emergency Department: Benign or Problematic Silver, David 2004

Howes, David Advance Directives: Knowledge and Opinions of Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department Smith, Kimberly 2004

Howes, David A Comparison of Residents’ Case Presentation Styles in the Emergency Department: Chief Complaint vs. Assessment Oriented Murphy, Adam 2000

Rhodes, Karin Screening for Intimate Partner Violence: Evaluation of a Provider Educational Module Fletcher, Brian 2001

Rhodes, Karin Validation of a Computer-Based Health Risk Assessment Screen for Domestic Fiolence in Female Emergency Department Patients Kossoris, Jennifer 2001

Vanden Hoek, Terry The Role of Serum Isoprostanes as an Indicator of Oxidant Injury Greenberg, David 1998

Vanden Hoek, Terry The Role of Serum Isoprostanes & 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanozine as Indicators of Oxidant Injury in Cardiac Arrest Herman, Brian 1997

Walter, James Effects of Brief Motivational Interviews on Attendance Rates at Referral Appointments: A Pilot Study Laake, Ann 2006

Walter, James Assessment of the Perceived Usefulness of Medical Collaborative Work: the Illinois Emergency Department Asthma Collaborative (IEDAC) Dmochowska, Karolina 2004

Walter, James A Comparison of Asthma Management in Four Chicago Area Emergency Departments to National Asthma Guidelines Krupp, Seth 2002

Walter, James An Analysis of Emergency Department Discharge Instructions Bailey, Olivia 2001

Walter, James Emergency Physicians Response to Patient Emotional Clues in the ER Garg, Ravin 2000

Walter, James Characterizing Unmet Health and Social Needs in Elderly Patients Discharged from the Emergency Department Graff, Jeremy 1999

Walter, James Assesssment of Asthma Knowledge in Patients Presenting to the Mitchell Emergency Department with Asthma Exacerbations Sugar, Jason 1999

Walter, James Eyesight, hearing and ADL in the ER and their relationship to function Mangalmurti, Sandeep 1998

Walter, James Vision and Hearing Screening in the Elderly McKay, Sean 1997

Medicine - Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Beyer, Eric Molecular Mechanism(s) Underlying Cataracts Caused by Two Mutations in Human Connexin50 Rodriguez, Jessica 2006

Brady, Matthew Tolyfluanid induced insulin resistance. Carlton, Daniel 2010

Brady, Matthew Tolyfluanid Induced Metabolic Changes in Primary Mouse Adipocytes. Hickey, Allison 2010

Brady, Matthew Direct and Microenvironment-mediated Effects of Stress Hormones on Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis Xiong, Wenlu 2010

Brady, Matthew Modulation of Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts using 11Î²-HSD1 Meredith, Kimberly 2005

Cavaghan, Melissa Free Fatty Acids Impair Beta Cell Responses in Thin Normal Subjects Ploplys, Emilia 1999

Cohen, Ronald Silencing Mediator of Retinoid and Thyroid Hormone Receptors (SMRT) Regulates Glucocorticoid Receptor-Mediated Transcription of the GILZ Gene Han, Xuan 2011

Ehrmann, David Cardiometabolic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Selvaraj, Kavitha 2009

Favus, Murray Vitamin D Receptor and Calbindin-D9K Protein Level Comparison in GHS and Normal Rat Tissue Mullick, Suparna 1999

Penev, Plamen Effects of sleep restriction on the metabolic benefits of diet-induced weight loss on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion and sensitivity Zhou, Mei 2009

Penev, Plamen Effect of Sleep Curtailment on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal and Adreno-Medullary Axes and Risk for Type II Diabetes Surati, Mosmi 2007

176


Pittman, Isaiah Understanding Diabets Using Conditional Knockouts Rayside, Silver 2002

Polonsky, Kenneth Loss of SUR2 Enhances Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Transport in Skeletal Muscle Davison, Jon 1999

Polonsky, Kenneth Alterations in insulin secretion in mice lacking one allele for the glucokinase gene Blankenburg, Rebecca 1997

Roe, Michael Effect of Amiphostine on Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase Expression in INS-1 beta cells Turner-Lloveras, Daniel 2005

Sargis, Robert The Interaction of the Endocrine Disruptor Tributyltin and Glucocorticoids in the Promotion of Adipogenesis and Modulation of Metabolic Homeostasis Regnier, Shane 2011

Van Cauter, Eve Sleep Behavior and Work Schedule in First Year Medical Interns Ryden, Armand 2003

Van Cauter, Eve Impact of Sleep Curtailment and Extension on Metabolic and Cognitive Functions Evers, Amy 1999

Van Cauter, Eve The Effects of Voluntary Sleep Curtailment on Glucose Metabolism Sannar, Elise 1999

Van Cauter, Eve Field Study of the impact of a sleep debt on IM/Endocrine, metabolic and cognitive functions Kim, Regina 1998

Van Cauter, Eve Effects of Exercise on the Human Circadian Clock Lee, Calvin 1998

Van Cauter, Eve Manipulation of Internal Zeitgebers in the Elderly Priess, Amy 1998

Vokes, Tamara Prevalence of Vertebral Fractures on Chest Radiographs of Elderly African-Amercian and Caucasian Women Lansdown, Drew 2007

Weiss, Roy Economics of Maternal-Fetal Thyroid Hormone Physiology Hulur, Imge 2008

Weiss, Roy The Role of Steroid Receptor Coactivator 2 (SRC2) in Regulation of TH Dependent Genes Fernandez, Hoylan 2004

Weiss, Roy Thyroid Hormone Axis Szmulewitz, Russell 2000

Weiss, Roy Phenotypic Variation in Three Families with Resistance to Thyroid Hormone (RTH) Due to an Identical Mutation in the Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta Gene (R320C) Sadow, Peter 1997

Medicine - Gastroenterology

Bissonnette, Marc Regulation of ADAM-17 by miR-145 and a Selective Metalloprotease Inhibitor Fletcher, Michelle 2011

Bissonnette, Marc Expression of 15-PGDH in Murine Macrophages Perry, Tashera 2008

Bissonnette, Marc Ro-26-2198, a novel analogue of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3., inhibits p-ERK up-regulation by IL-1b in HCA-7 cells.

Arora, Amitra 2005

Bissonnette, Marc The Effects of Chemopreventative Curcumin on EGFR Signaling Obara, Piotr 2004

Bissonnette, Marc Effects of Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Cox-2 Expression in Human Colon Fibroblasts Pincavage, Amber 2004

Boone, David Functional Analysis of A20 Mutations Miller, Mechelle 2007

Boone, David Identification of A20 Associated Proteins That Protect Against TNF Induced Apoptosis Vandross, Andrae 2006

Brasitus, Thomas The Effects of Altered PKC Delta Expression on the Growth of CaCo-2 Cells Lyons, Matthew 1999

Chang, Eugene B. The Role of Enteric Microbiota in mediating the bioavailability and actions of Daikenchuto Lim, John 2011

Chang, Eugene B. Epithelial transformation of the ileal pouch as a risk factor for pouchitis in ulcerative colitis patients following total colectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis Qadir, Asad 2011

Chang, Eugene B. Role of the innate immune system in mediating alcoholic liver disease Zong, Wenjing 2011

Chang, Eugene Germ Free Mouse Models of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Cherian, Tharian 2010

Chang, Eugene Modulation of peripheral fat insulin signaling and inflammation by enteric microbes Heaton, Kevin 2010

Chang, Eugene The effect of the dietary carbohydrates on the profile of enteric microbiota and their host physiology Kim, Jeong Hwan 2010

Chang, Eugene Butyrate’s Anti-Colon Cancer Properties are Mediated by microRNAs Dong, Tien 2009

177


Chang, Eugene The Cytoprotective Effects of Hsp70 Include Modulation of Autophagy in Response to Cellular Stress Elliott, Matthew 2009

Chang, Eugene Characterization of Microbial Communities in the Human Distal Gut Gielissen, Katherine 2009

Chang, Eugene Heat Stroke Proteins, Toll-Like Receptors, and Salmonella Brown, Elizabeth 2007

Chang, Eugene Effects of High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycol on the Enteric Microflora Reddy,Shilpa 2007

Chang, Eugene Probiotic Effect of Lactobacillus GG Conditioned Media on Autophagy Sweis, Randy 2007

Chang, Eugene Heat Shock Protein 70 Regulation During Inflammation Triggs, Joseph 2007

Chang, Eugene The Effects of Lactulose on the Murine Enteric Flora Detected by T-RFLP Analysis of the 16S rDNA Yanta, Joseph 2007

Chang, Eugene The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Maintaining Physiological Expression of Intestinal Epithelial Heat-Shock Proteins Kim, Ha Na 2006

Chang, Eugene Genetics vs. Environment: Which Determines the Composition of Intestinal Microbiota? Schultz, Rebecca 2006

Chang, Eugene Mechanism(s) of Action for HSP-induced Cytoprotection Against Salmonella typhimurium Invasion Cotcamp, Ann 2005

Chang, Eugene Mechanism(s) of Action for HSP-induced Cytoprotection Against Salmonella Typhimurium Invasion Cotcamp, Anne 2004

Chang, Eugene The Effect of Pre-Induction of Heat Shock Proteins on Pro-Inflammatory Mediators In Epithelial Colonocytes. McCabe, Mark 2004

Chang, Eugene Antrum Mucosal Protein 18 Hogan, Nancy 2000

Chang, Eugene Restoration of alpha subunit of Na,K-ATPase function in human colonic T84 epithelial cells with chronic interferon-gamma stimulated depletion of Na pump activity Lishanskiy, Leonid 1998

Chang, Eugene Determine expression of NHE2 and NHE3 mRNA and protein in bowel segments distal and proximal to the anastomosis or area of perfusion Lucioni, Alvaro 1998

Chang, Eugene The Effect and Potential Mechanism of Chronic Metabolic Acidosis on Intestinal Epithelial Sodium Absorption Womack, Christopher 1998

Chang, Eugene Cytoprotective Role of Heat Shock Protein 72 Against Clostridium Difficle Toxin A Induced Cell Injury Liu, Tom 1999

Chang, Eugene Aberrant Expression of Heat Shock Protein 72 (hsp 72) in Neoplastic Colonic Epithelial Cells Song, Susan 1999

Chang, Eugene Induction of Sodium Hydrogen Exchange Gene Transcription by Acidosis Womack, Christopher 1999

Cho, Judy Genomic Characterization of NOD2 Identifies Linkage Disequilibrium of a Crohn's Disease-Associated Background Variant in the Putative Promoter Murphy, Janet 2001

Depaolo, Randy Innate Gluten Peptide P31-43 and the Promotion of Adjuvant Effects of Double Stranded RNA in Celiac Disease Paine, Cary 2008

Ehrenpreis, Eli Prebiotic Effects of Exercise Swamy, Rajiv 2001

Kane, Sunanda Does Gender Influence Time to Diagnosis in Crohn's Ileitis? Aronson, Erica 2006

Kane, Sunanda Prevalence of Abnormal Pap Smears in Women with IBD: The Role of Immunosuppresants Khatibi, Bahareh 2005

Kane, Sunanda Incidence of de Novo Breast Cancer in Women Chronically Immunosuppressed for Inflammatory Bowel Disease McDonnell, Jennifer 2005

Kane, Sunanda The Incidence of Osteoporosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Survey of Patient Awareness Rangachari, Deepa 2004

Kane, Sunanda The Role of Breast Feeding in the Course of Post Partum Inflammatory Bowel Disease Lemieux, Nicole 2002

Kane, Sunanda The Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Post-Operative Recurrence in Crohn's Disease Flicker, Michael 2001

Kim, Karen Colonoscopic Variables in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Do Disparities Exist? Fathi, Roya 2007

Kim, Karen & Kupfer, Sonia Differences in Perceptions of Anxiety, Discomfort, and Pain between Patients and Physicians during Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Kawaguchi, Kathy 2002

Kupfer, Sonia Genetic Fine-Mapping of the GREM1 Locus in Colorectal Cancer Miller, Aaron 2010

Kupfer, Sonia An Examination of the Association between Colorectal Cancer and Previously Characterized SNPs in African Americans Henderson, Cory 2009

178


Kupfer, Sonia Association of CYP24A1 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Colorectal Cancer in African Americans Orji, Obinna 2009

Kwon, John Role of microRNAs in Regulating Human Alpha-Defensin Expression in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines Miles, Donald 2011

Mohanty, Smruti Impact of Obesity on Disease Progression in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Nie, Daisy 2010

Mohanty, Smruti Ethnic Variations in Autoimmune Hepatitis Martinchek, Michelle 2009

Mohanty, Smruti Racial Differences in Chronic Hepatitis B Zhang, Laura 2008

Mohanty, Smruti Effects of Diabetes on Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Lee, Ye-Jin (Michelle) 2007

Puri, Neelu Telomere-Based DNA Damage Responses: A New Approach to Colon Cancer Therapy Sethakorn, Nan 2006

Rubin, David Fecal Bacteriotherapy in Ulcerative Colitis Vachon, Ashley 2011

Rubin, David Assessment of Gut pH and Transit Time in Ulcerative Colitis Patients Mikolajczyk, Adam 2008

Rubin, David The Grading of Inflammation in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis by Endoscopy, Histology, and Optical Coherence Tomography Dave, Amish 2007

Rubin, David Prospective Assessment of Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) in Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Rothe, Jami 2006

Rubin, David Genetic Testing for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Focus Group Analysis Lewis, Jeffrey 2004

Rubin, David A Look At the Impact of Anxiety, Depression, and Other Factors on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients’ Interest in Genetic Testing for IBD Kavitt, Robert 2003

Medicine - General Internal Medicine

Abbo, Elmer Predicting Resuscitation Outcomes by Functional Status Buhrmester, Luke 2008

Abbo, Elmer Assessing Cost Shifting at a Midwest Academic Medical Center Lee, Jonathan 2008

Abbo, Elmer Patient and Physician Perceptions of the Aggressiveness of Life-Sustaining Interventions Bister, Mary 2007

Abbo, Elmer Tailoring Advanced Directives: An exploration of patient preferences for the traditonal vs. a modified advanced directive Sobotka, Sara 2005

Alexander, G. Caleb A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Intervention to Decrease Patients’ Prescription Costs Mackenzie, Erica 2011

Alexander, G. Caleb Assessing the Impact of Economic Recession on Prescription Drug Utilization and Adherence Kozman, Daniel 2010

Alexander, G. Caleb Atypical Antipsychotics in Bipolar Disorder: Characterizing Use and the Impact of Supplement FDA Label Approvals Pillarella, Jessica 2010

Alexander, G. Caleb CHANGES IN GLITAZONE USE AMONG OFFICE BASED PHYSICIANS IN THE UNITED STATES, 2003-2009 Cohen, Andrew 2009

Alexander, G. Caleb Trends in Visits and Treatment for Anxiety Among Office-Based Physicians in the United States, 1997-2008 Stacey, Michelle 2009

Alexander, G. Caleb Physicians’ Beliefs and Attitudes about Off-Label Prescribing Draper, Karen 2008

Alexander, G. Caleb Private Academic Medical Centers and Surrounding Underserved Communities Lale, Allison 2008

Alexander, G. Caleb Confidence and Conflicts of Interest: How Does Certainty Affect Physician's Decision Making? Guerrero, Cesar 2006

Alexander, G. Caleb Physicians Engaged in Improving Health Care Disparities:Who Are They and What are They Doing Phongsak, Susanne 2006

Alexander, G. Caleb New Technologies and Old Turf: Physician Task Boundaries and the Case of Carotid Artery Stenting Lang, Patrick 2004

Arora, Vineet Perceived Control and Sleep in Hospitalized Adults: More than Meets the Eye Adachi, Marie 2011

Arora, Vineet IBCD: Effectiveness and Sustainability of a Checklist to Improve Quality of Care for Hospitalized General Medical Patients Aspesi, Anthony 2011

Arora, Vineet IBCD: Development and testing of a checklist to improve quality of care for hospitalized general medical patients Kauffmann, Gregory 2010

Arora, Vineet Far from a Quiet Night: Association Between Hospital Noise Levels and Inpatient Sleep Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults Yoder, Jordan 2010

179


Arora, Vineet Sleep in Older Hospitalized Patients: Effects of Disruptions and Perceived Control Chang, Kevin 2009

Arora, Vineet The Effect of a Multi-Component Campaign on Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Care Dahlstrom, Marcus 2009

Arora, Vineet Relationship Between Quality of Care for Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders and Post-Discharge Mortality Fish, Melissa 2008

Arora, Vineet A Model for Effective Communication to Improve Inpatient-ambulatory Transitions: Understanding the Patient Experience Prochaska, Megan 2008

Arora, Vineet Assessing the Care of Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders: Is Higher Quality Associated with Better Outcomes? Plein, Colleen 2007

Arora, Vineet Improving the Ability of Hospitalized Patients to Identify Their Doctors: The FACETM CARD Intervention Schaninger, Caitlin 2007

Arora, Vineet HIV, STI Symptoms and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Indian Truck Drivers Dude, Annie 2007

Arora, Vineet Application of ACOVE-Based Measures for Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders: Measuring Quality of Care and Association With Functional Decline Chen, Stuart 2006

Arora, Vineet Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices in Hyderabad, India Dick, Jonathan 2006

Arora, Vineet Medication Discrepancies Between Patient Charts and Resident Sign-Outs: Frequency, Characteristics, Potential to Harm Kao, Julia 2006

Arora, Vineet The Sleep Hygiene of Medical Interns: Can the S.A.F.E.R. (Sleep and Fatigue Education for Residents) Program Help Georgitis, Emily 2005

Arora, Vineet Quality of Care for Vulnerable Elders in a Hospital Setting Johnson, Martha 2005

Arora, Vineet The Effects of Provider Awareness of Hospitalized Patient Functional Limitations on Patient Functional Decline After Discharge Olson, Jared 2005

Arora, Vineet The Effects of Night Float on Intern Sleep, Fatigue, and Patient Care: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Dunphy, Carrie 2004

Arora, Vineet The Prevalence and Recognition of Functional Limitations in Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders DeVore, Adam 2004

Arora, Vineet Pressure Ulcers in Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders Doeing, Diana 2004

Baig, Arshiya Little Village Church-Based Diabetes Self-Management Intervention in South Lawndale Hispanic Communities. Stutz, Matthew 2011

Baig, Arshiya Church-based diabetes self-management intervention in a Mexican-American community: an assessment of lay health diabetes leaders’ experiences Zapata, Helio 2011

Brady, Matthew Role of 11β- Hydroxysterioid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (11β- HSD1) in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Voss, Valerie 2004

Burnet, Deborah Interim Analysis of the Community Based Diabetes Prevention Program: Reach Out! Henry, Shaunte 2008

Burnet, Deborah Psychosocial Factors and Retention of Families in REACH-IN REACH-OUT Study Rodriguez, Jessica 2007

Burnet, Deborah Investigating the Relationship Between Social Support and Physical Activity in a Diabetes Prevention Program for African-American Youth Encinosa, Marissa 2006

Burnet, Deborah A Community based and Family oriented nutrition and exercise intervention program designed to prevent Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight African American youth Brewer, Audrey 2005

Burnet, Deborah A Qualitative Study of Parents’ Exposure to Type-2 Diabetes, their Understanding of the Disease, and their Actions to Prevent Negative Outcomes in their Children Schnobrich, Daniel 2004

Burnet, Deborah The Affects of Physical Activity and Nutrition in Preventing Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight African American Youth Jackson, Alanna 2004

Burnet, Deborah Using Formative Research to Develop a Community-based, Culturally Sensitive Diabetes Prevention Program for Children. Ossowski, Kathryn 2002

Cai, Linda Regulation of Sepiapterin Reductase mRNA in Hypertension Umanna, Charles 2006

Chin, Marshall H. Improving Diabetes Care and Outcomes in African Americans: The Impact of a Culturally Tailored Patient Education Program Azang-Njaah, Ndang 2011

Chin, Marshall H. Assessing Faculty Physician Readiness for Change in Quality Improvement Efforts Lu, Chen-Yuan 2011

Chin, Marshall H. The Costs and Benefits of Participating in a Diabetes Quality Improvement Collaborative Sathe, Neha 2011

Chin, Marshall Improving self-management among African Americans with diabetes: a culturally tailored intervention Raffel, Katie 2010

Chin, Marshall African American Patient-Practitioner Communication and Decision-Making Preferences, Knowledge, and Satisfaction with Care in Community Health Centers Cargill Jr., Algernon 2006

180


Chin, Marshall The Effects of Adopting the Chronic Care Model in Community Health Centers Chase, Ayana 2006

Chin, Marshall Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapy Use among Diabetic Elderly Patients Barrett, Patrick 2002

Chin, Marshall Partnering together? An exploratory study of current relationships between faith based community health centers and neighborhood congregations Gee, Leslie 2002

Chin, Marshall The Treatment Preferences of Older African American Diabetic Patients Davis, Nicole 1999

Chin, Marshall Challeges faced by CHF patients Sage, Joseph 1998

Chin, Marshall Appropriateness of Medication Selection for Older Persons in the ED Wang, Linda 1997

Cohen, Russell A Prospective Study of the Outcomes that Contribute to Indirect Costs in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Whiteside, Lauren 2003

Cohen, Russell Long-Term Analysis of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Methotrexate in the Treatment of Refractory Crohn's Disease Chong, Rachel 1997

Curlin, Farr A. Responsibilities of the physician and religious community to provide guidance to patients: findings from a national physician survey Sheppe, Alexander 2011

Curlin, Farr Patient Referrals, Conscience, and Bioethical Principles: Findings from a National Physician Survey Combs, Michael 2010

Curlin, Farr Nondirective Counsel and Morally Controversial Decisions: Findings From a National Survey of Primary Care Physicians Putman, Michael 2010

Curlin, Farr Identification with Judaism as a Predictor of Physician Beliefs and Practices regarding Religion/Spirituality in the Clinical Encounter Stern, Robert 2010

Curlin, Farr Religious Attendance and Health: Dynamic Changes in Religion and Spirituality in Medical Inpatients With Repeat Admissions Diaz, Manuel Jose 2009

Curlin, Farr The Impact of Religion and Spirituality on Medical Inpatients’ End-of-Life Care Preferences Karches, Kyle 2009

Curlin, Farr Discussion of In-Patients’ Religious and Spiritual Concerns During Hospitalization Williams, Joshua 2008

Curlin, Farr Physicians' Views on Conscience: A National Survey Lawrence, Ryan 2007

Curlin, Farr The Doctor-Patient Relationship in Peru. A qualitative study. Newman, Justin 2005

Curlin, Farr Religion and Psychiatry: Findings From a National Physician Survey Odell, Shaun 2005

Curlin, Farr An Analysis of the Relationship Between Physicians’ Religious Commitments and their Attitudes Toward Ethically Complex Areas of Sexual and Reproductive Health Dinner, Shira 2004

Curlin, Farr Religion and Ethics in the Patient/Physician Encounter: On Death and Dying Nwodim, Chinyere 2004

Daugherty, Christopher Advanced Cancer Patients in Hospice: A Descriptive Study Thompson, Katherine 2001

Daugherty, Christopher A spirituality and medicine research project: inquiring into the meaning of illness to oncology patients Sloan, Anita 1998

Davis, Andrew Patient Self-Awareness of Cholesterol, Renal Dysfunction and Pneumonia Vaccination Status in a Group of Patients Enrolled in a Study of Group Visits for Type 2 Diabetes Storrs, Ashley 2004

Davis, Andrew REACH-OUT Chicago Children’s Diabetes Swamy, Nithya 2004

Friedmann, Peter Drug abuse screening in the primary care setting Brooks, April 1998

Friedmann, Peter Linking Primary Health Care and Substance Abuse Treatment for Pregnant Women: The Sinai Family Health Centers - Haymarket Center Case Study McCullough, Deirdre 1998

Gajewski, Thomas Sensitive RT-PCR Analysis for Melanoma Markers from Peripheral Blood in Patients with Melanoma Polonsky, Tamar 1999

Garcia, Joe G.N. "Skip" Association of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Polymorphisms and Acute Lung Injury in the Spanish Population Theisen-Toupal, Jesse 2006

Huang, Elbert A Quality of Life Analysis of Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring (RT-CGM) in the Management of Type 1 Diabetes Rhee, Kirsten 2008

Huang, Elbert Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Diabetes Health Disparities Collaborative from the Perspective of Medicare and Medicaid Thriuvopati, Thejasvi 2006

Huang, Elbert Contribution of Patient Self-awareness to Ethnic Disparities in Control of Type 2 DM Carlisle, Lisabeth 2005

Huang, Elbert The Variation of Treatment and Complications in Preferences of Type 2 Diabetes Patients Idacochea, Sandra 2004

181


Huang, Elbert The Relationship with Experiences with Diabetes and Preferences Regarding Diabetes Treatments and Complications Jotwani, Rakesh 2004

Kall, John Comparison of amiodarone vs. sotalol for maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrulation Fumo, Michael 1998

Lantos, John Health and Disease: Concepts In Medicine Prasad, Vinayak 2006

Lantos, John Efficacy of school-based health clinics in the care of adolescent patients Lowenthal, Sarah 1998

Lantos, John Ethics of South African AIDS trial Warne, Thomas 1998

Lantos, John Medical Student Knowledge of Poverty-Related Health Issues Chien, Alyna 1997

Leff, Alan Signaling Mechanism of IL-5 Induced Human Eosinophil Adhesion Jacobs, Benjamin 2001

Leff, Alan Expression of Beta-2 Integrin-Dependent Adhesion of Human Eosinophils by Endogenous Platelet-Activity Factor Zebala, Lukas 2001

Leff, Alan Eotaxin Mediated Dissociation of Metabolic Activation and Molecular Adhesion in Exogenously Activated Eosinophils Moo-Young, Tricia 1999

Leff, Alan Phosphorylation and Intracellular Transport of Type IV Phospholipase-A2 (PLA2) in Human Granulocytes Moo-Young, Tricia 1998

Levinson, Wendy Is there "Emergency Rapport?" Soliciting the Chief Complaint in the Emergency Department He, Theresa 2000

Levinson, Wendy How Surgeons and Patients Discuss Procedures: Understanding and Meeting Patients' Needs Farnan, Jeanne 1999

Levinson, Wendy "Windows of Opportunity" in Primary Care and Surgical Encounters: How Physicians Respond to Patients' Concerns Lamb, Jennifer 1999

Levinson, Wendy Understanding the Goals of Older African-American Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Thomas, Valencia 1997

MacNicol, Angus M. Analysis of Ras and Rap Interactions with the Braf Proto-oncogene Davison, Jon 1998

Masi, Christopher Provider Feedback Regarding Project ECHO: A Qualitative Study Socolovsky, Carmela 2011

Masi, Christopher Demographic and Behavioral Predictors of Serum 16a-hydroxyestrone, an Estrogen Metabolite Associated with Systolic Blood Pressure Patel, Shawn 2009

Masi, Christopher Autonomic Control of C-reactive Protein: A Population-Based Study Singh, Puneet 2008

McNally, Elizabeth Increased fibrosis in sgcg mouse diaphragm and its role in cardiac dysfunction Gardner, Brandon 2010

McNally, Elizabeth The role of SUR2 in mitochondria morphology and function Yerokun, Babatunde 2010

McNally, Elizabeth Determining the Regenerative Potential of Muscle-Derived Stem Cells Transplanted in a Mouse Model for Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Huber, Jill 2004

McNally, Elizabeth Mutation Analysis of Candidate Genes for FDC-CDM Lin, George 1999

McNally, Elizabeth Characterization of a Gene that Potentially Plays a Role in Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Hemingway, Donna 1997

McNally, Elizabeth In Vitro Model of Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Shah, Neel 1997

Meltzer, David & Whelan, Chad Real time pain assessment: using the Experience Sampling Method as a novel tool for measuring pain and satisfaction with pain management Poston, Amanda 2005

Mittendorf, Robert The Association Between Perinatal Mortality and Higher Doses of Tocolytic Magnesium Sulfate, Birthweights 700g-1249g Scudiero, Rebecca 1999

Murray, Patrick Argatroban; A Novel Anticoagulant for Hemodialysis Patients Grossman, Eric 2002

Murray, Patrick Plasma Vasopressin During Hemodialysis in Septic Versus Non-Septic Patients D'Amore, Sandra 2001

Ober, Carole HLA-G: The Genetics of Asthma and Related Phenotypes Wool, Geoffrey 2003

Orfali, Kristina Study of patient satisfaction with the specific aim to understand patients' specific experience of illness in hospital settings Allocco, Frances 1998

Peek, Monica Discrimination, Shared Decision Making, and Diabetes Health Outcomes Vera-Arroyo, Arnaldo 2006

Philipson, Louis Effects of Prolactin on Human and Rodent Pancreatic Islet Function Matsen, Cindy 2003

182


Philipson, Louis Chromosome Localization of Human Transient Receptor Potential Homolog Genes Han, Seh Jin 1997

Rudberg, Mark The Effect of Functional Status on Care Directive Use in a Nursing Home Population Suri, Daesman 1997

Schumacker, Paul Differential Stabilization of Hypoxia Inducible Factor - 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) during Hypoxia and Anoxia McClintock, David 2002

Schuman, John Financial Responsibility of Hospitalized Patients who Left Against Medical Advice: Medical Urban Legend? Schaefer, Gabrielle 2010

Siegler, Mark Elective Surgical Patients as Living Organ Donors Olack, Sara 2009

Siegler, Mark Gone But Not Forgotten: Last Rites for the Dead Shah, Nirav 2001

Siegler, Mark ALS - advanced directives and treatment in Germany compared to US and UK Kupfer, Sonia 1998

Siegler, Mark A preliminary cost-effectiveness analysis of hand transplantation White, Lucile 1998

Siegler, Mark Iatrogenic Error and Truth Telling: A comparison Between the United States and India Maithel, Shishir 1997

Siegler, Mark Physicians' Perceptions of Communication and Ethical Challenges in Routine Outpatient Visits Mendoza, Michael 1997

Simon, M. Celeste Analysis of an hematopoietic-specific tyrosine kinase (e-fes) in nurine development and blood cell function Acurio, Adriana 1998

Sternberg, Shelley Alternative Therapy Use by the Elderly Chandran, Anjana 2000

Stocking, Carol Information needs and Participation Wishes of Women Being Followed after Breast Cancer Surgery Morgan, Darlene 1997

Thompson, Craig Hypersensitizing p53 mutant Head and Neck Cancer Cells to Radiation Shifrin, Seth 1997

Van Voorhees, Benjamin Economic Analysis of an Internet-Based Adolescent Depression Prevention Intervention (CATCH-IT): A Business Case Ruby, Alexander 2011

Van Voorhees, Benjamin Primary Care/Internet Based Depression Prevention for Adolescents (CATCH-IT): 2.5 Year Follow-up of Study Cohort Richards, Katie 2011

Van Voorhees, Benjamin Pilot Adaptation of an Internet-based Depression Prevention Intervention for Chinese Audiences Sobowale, Oluwafikunmi 2011

Van Voorhees, Benjamin Culture, Ethnicity, Experience and Comparative Outcomes in Technology Based Approaches to Preventing Adolescent Depressive Disorder Iloabachie, Chidubem 2009

Wallace, Gregory Exploring the Potential of Muscle-Derived Stem Cells to Reverse Muscular Dystrophy Nieves, Alan 2006

Webb, Gene The Role of mTOR in the Translation of Preproinsulin as Mediated by eIF4E and S6 Dalal, Sushila 2003

Whelan, Chad Differences By Age, Race, Gender, Educational Level and Socioeconomic Class in Nurse Adherence to CMS Quality of Care Indicators Among AMI and CHF Patients Caballero, Nadieska 2006

Whelan, Chad Understanding the Etiology and Preventability of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemmorhage in Patients Admitted to the Hospital Ballinger, Jennifer 2004

Medicine - Geriatics

Brauner, Daniel Testing the Reliability and Validity of the Linguistic Assessment of Decision-Making Capacity (LA D-MC) Instrument Churchwell, Michael 2006

Brauner, Daniel A Real Time Instrument for Assessing Decision-Making Capacity York, Aaron 2002

Brauner, Daniel We can Cross That Horse When We Get to It: A Linguistic Analysis of Research Enrollment Conversations with Subjects with Dementia Merel, Susan 2001

Brauner, Daniel A Linguistic Tool for Determining Decision Making Capacity in Dementia Research Merel, Susan 2000

Brauner, Daniel Assessing the Ability of Patients with Dementia to Make Decisions Using a Linguistic Model Rosenbaum, Karen 1999

Brauner, Daniel Consent and Alzheimer's Disease: A Second Order Effect Analysis Watkins, Monica 1997

Cox-Hayley, Deon Management of Pain in Community-Dwelling Patients with Dementia Gil, Richard 2004

Sachs, Greg Strain in Caregivers of Patients With Dementia Freilich, Laura 2002

Sachs, Greg Personhood and Dementia; Family Members' Perceptions of Dementia and Patients' Self-Identity Hanyok, Laura 2000

183


Sachs, Greg Research on teaching ethics related to dementia to primary care physicians Truher, Heather 1998

Sachs, Greg Older African-Americans and Physician Trust Jordan, William Corey 1997

Sachs, Greg End of Life Care for Patients with Dementia Singer, Kathryn 1997

Scott, Donald & Gorawara-Bhat, Rita How Older adults Respond to Computerized Surveys of Sensitive Health Issues Lee, Sarah 2002

Shega, Joseph Symptoms experienced by community dwelling patients with dementia: patient and caregiver report and comparison with a standard assessment tool Murray, Teresa 2010

Medicine - Hematology/Oncology

Chen, Jianjun Functional study of miR-126 and EGFL-7 in Core Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia associated with t(8;21) Agarwal, Rajiv 2010

Cohen, Ezra AKT Inhibitor MK-2206 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Ahmed, Omar 2010

Cohen, Ezra A Comparative Survival Analysis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Young Adults Bergersen, Erik 2009

Cohen, Ezra Elevated Akt Activity in EGFR Inhibitor Resistant Cell Line HNSCC-61: Identification of Causes Cooper, Jonathan 2008

Cohen, Ezra Characterization of Oral Cavity Cancer in Young Adults: A Comparative Survival Analysis Dagogo-Jack, Ibiayi 2008

Conzen, Suzanne Mineralocorticoid vs Glucocorticoid Receptor Binding Studies Reveal Limited Overlap in DNA Occupancy Brock, Clifton 2009

Conzen, Suzanne Does Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERalpha) Induce Expression of Serum/Glucocorticoid -Regulated Kinase1 (SGK1)? Saha, Narayan 2008

Conzen, Suzanne The Effect of Social Isolation on the PI3K Pathway in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Mammary Cancer He, Jane 2007

Conzen, Suzanne Structure/Function Analysis of Serum and Glucocorticoid-induced Protein Kinase (SGK-1) Nicolarsen, Jeremy 2004

Conzen, Suzanne Regulation of SGK-1 expression by Hsp90 Ky, Betty 2003

Conzen, Suzanne The Role of SGK-1 in Breast Cancer Cell Cycle Progression Takahashi, Stephenie 2003

Conzen, Suzanne Expression of Steady State Protein Levels of the Survival Kinase SGK in Normal and Malignant Breast Cell Lines DeSadier, Tiffany 2001

Conzen, Suzanne Analysis of Gene Expression Following Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation in Mammary Epithelial Cells Nash, Robert 2000

Conzen, Suzanne A Study of th In Vivo Kinase Activity of Serum and Glucocoritcoid Inducible Kinase Isolated from Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Sharkey, Melinda 2000

Conzen, Suzanne Ectopic Expression of SGK Inhibits Apoptosis in Mammary Epithelium Simon, Renee 2000

Dolan, M. Eileen Variable CDKN2A Expression as a Determinant of Sensitivity to Cisplatin Induced Cytotoxicity Kalscheur, Matthew 2005

Dolan, M. Eileen Pharmacogenetics of Human Carboxylesterase-2 Remo, Benjamin 2002

Dolan, M. Eileen Investigation of the USE of Benzylguanine with DNA Damaging Agents in Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines Fienberg, Samantha 2001

Dolan, M. Eileen E173: A Gimpse at the Future of Ghloroethylnitrosoureas Elinoff, Jason 2000

Dolan, M. Eileen Hunting for Cyclophosphamide's O6 Guanine Adducts Tan, Bruce 2000

Fleming, Gini Phase I Study of 5-Fluorouracil and Leucovorin in Patients with Renal or Hepatic Dysfuction Meyerson, Anna 2001

Gajewski, Thomas Intratumoral T Cell Trafficking and Response to Adoptive Immunotherapy in Murine Melanoma Imanguli, Matin 2009

Godley, Lucy Prevalence of RUNX1 germline mutations in matched related donors for hematopoietic stem cell transplant Nickels, Eric 2011

Godley, Lucy Defining Protein Complexes That Mediate DNA Methylation Mariani, Christopher 2010

Godley, Lucy Identifying the molecular mechanism of Myc-driven lymphomagenesis in mice Zegarek, Matthew 2010

Godley, Lucy Evaluating DNMT3B Transcription and DNA Methylation Patterns in Human Leukemia Samples Exposito, Jesus 2004

184


LeBeau, Michelle Chromosomal Localization, Genetic Structure, and Mutation Analysis of the eRF1 Gene Till, Brian 1999

Nguyen, Vu Subgroups of Regulatory T cells defined by surface expression of maturation molecules to have functional differences and differential expression levels of CCR9 Kim, Samuel 2009

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Economic Barriers to Breast Cancer Care in Ibadan, Nigeria Anterasian, Christine 2011

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Assessing social and cultural barriers to diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in Ibadan, Nigeria Pruitt, Liese 2011

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Predictors of Long-Term Survival of Breast Cancer in African-American Women Woods, Ashley 2011

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Characterization of MicroRNA-29c and MicroRNA-205 in Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Breast Tumor Samples Poli, Elizabeth 2010

Olopade, Olufunmilayo VEGFxxxb, Microvessel Density, and Promacs in Breast Tumor Progression Tonlaar, Nathan 2008

Olopade, Olufunmilayo UGT2B Deletion Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk Yu, Zhouying 2008

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Responsiveness to Trastuzumab in Patients with HER2- Positive Breast Cancer: Retrospective Analysis of Factors Associated with Trastuzumab Resistance Kahn, Steven 2007

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Occult Cancer in Patients Undergoing Salpingo-Oophorectomy Ibe, Comfort 2005

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Hormonal Risk Factors and Breast Tumor Characteristics in Pre-menopausal African American and Caucasian Women: A Preliminary Analysis Ogutha, Jacqueline 2004

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Role of the PTEN Tumor Suppressor in Sporadic Breast Cancer Long, Kevin 2002

Olopade, Olufunmilayo The Molecular Genetics of Familial Leukemia Adams, April 1999

Olopade, Olufunmilayo Explore the relationship between women with the BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, the treatments they received, and their outcomes

Edelstein-Schlanger, Carrie 1998

Rowley, Janet Characterizing the Role of miR-294 in Stem Cell Pluripotency Naunheim, Margaret 2010

Rudin, Charles Evaluation of G3139 Antisense-oligonucletide for the Treatment of Chemorefractory Small Cell Lung Cancer in Vitro Strickler, John 2002

Salgia, Ravi Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of the EML4-ALK Translocation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Petri, Camille 2011

Salgia, Ravi Building of Thoracic Oncology Database and Innovative Insights with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Kazantsev, Stephanie 2011

Salgia, Ravi Heat shock protein modulation in non-small cell lung cancer Ferguson, Benjamin 2005

Wang, San Ming Identification of Serious Flaw in Current Genome Study Nam, Douglas 2001

Zeleznik-Le, Nancy & Rowley, Janet The Role of MLL Chimeric Proteins in Leukemogenesis Holloway, William 1999

Medicine-Hospital Medicine

Edelson, Dana Using continuous waveform capnography to detect a pulse during cardiopulmonary resuscitation Bluhm, David 2011

Edelson, Dana Physiologic Predictors of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Huber, Michael 2009

Edelson, Dana Physiologic Predictors of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Huber, Michael 2009

Edelson, Dana Improving Cross-Cover Communication With an Intuition-Based Scoring System Phillips, Andrew 2008

Edelson, Dana Improving Cross-Cover Communication With an Intuition-Based Scoring System Phillips, Andrew 2008

Farnan, Jeanne M. The Hand-off CEX: Instrument Development and Validation Berhie, Saba 2011

Farnan, Jeanne Interruptions and Physician Listening Behavior in Patient Handoffs Greenstein, Elizabeth 2010

Meltzer, David Comparison of Patient Education Levels with Pain Management Quality in Hospitalized Patients Using ESM (Experimental Sampling Method). Swearingen, Sean 2011

Meltzer, David Social Network Analysis as a Guide to Optimizing Quality Improvement Team Formation Caplan, Avrom 2010

Meltzer, David Comparing Experience Sampling Method and Post-Discharge Measures of Satisfaction with Pain Management in Hospitalized Patients Schram, Andrew 2010

185


Meltzer, David A Comparison of Palmtop,Telephone and In-Person Experience Sampling Methods for Pain in Hospitalized General Medicine Inpatients Moore, Margaret 2009

Meltzer, David Cost-Effectiveness of Pharmacogenetic Warfarin Dosing for Patients with Venous Thromboembolism Nolan, Matthew 2009

Meltzer, David The Impact of Adverse Economic Conditions on Healthcare Demand Riordan, Paul 2009

Meltzer, David Iterative Feasibility Studies to Design a Clinical Trial of Pharmacogenetic Testing for Warfarin Sofia, Mark 2009

Meltzer, David Comparing the Effectiveness of Phone and Palm Based Experience Sampling Methods in Hospitalized General Medicine Patients Wortman, Jeremy 2008

Meltzer, David Cardiology Quality of Care Study: Reliabilty of Chart Abstractions Performed by Undergraduate Research Assistants Anderson, Martin 2007

Meltzer, David Relationship of Real-Time and Retrospective Pain Reports in Hospitalized Patients McGetrick, John 2007

Meltzer, David Developing a Simple Measure of Functional Status Joseph, Santosh 2006

Meltzer, David Disparities in Sensitivity to Patient Preferences for Length of Hospital Stay by Race Khalili, Parham 2005

Meltzer, David An Analysis of Quality of Care for Congestive Heart Failure Patients and a Novel Cardiology Quality Initiative. Lall, Rohan 2005

Meltzer, David Physician level determinants of quality of care for HIV infection in the inpatient setting Lawrence, Fraser 2005

Meltzer, David The Prevalence and Recognition of Functional Limitations in Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders DeVore, Adam 2004

Meltzer, David Pressure Ulcers in Hospitalized Vulnerable Elders Doeing, Diana 2004

Meltzer, David Measuring the Effects of Residency Hours Reform Chang, Vivian 2003

Meltzer, David Diffusion of Knowledge Through Social Networks: A Comparison of Low Molecular Weight Heparin vs. Pneumovax Usage Garg, Ankur 2003

Meltzer, David A Multicenter Study of Hospitalist and Non-Hospitalist Care at the End of Life Kondapalli, Lavanya 2003

Meltzer, David The Effect of Physician Experience on Outcomes in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Sacro, Yasmin 2003

Meltzer, David Physician Burnout and its Effects: Comparing Hospitalists and Non-Hospitalists on Academic General Medicine Services Saul, D'Anna 2003

Meltzer, David Quality of Care for Pneumonia at the University of Chicago Hospitals Calderwood, Michael 2002

Meltzer, David Quality Assessment of Inpatient Team Communications With Primary Care Physicians Kingsley, Samuel 2002

Meltzer, David A Cohort Study Comparing a Post-Discharge Survey on Pain to Real-Time Chart Review: a Measure of Unrecognized Pain in the General Internal Medicine Service Olgilvie, Michael 2002

Meltzer, David Advance Directives and Quality of End of Life Care for Hospitalized Patients: "How Well Do We Do It?" Weld, Ethel 2002

Meltzer, David Primary Care Physician Satisfaction with Inpatient Team Communication: A Multi-Center Survey Kohler, Jonathan 2001

Meltzer, David Social Support and Risk for Nursing Home Entry Following Hospitalization (Boll) Beidler, Stephanie 1999

Meltzer, David Hospitalists Versus Primary Care Physicians: Patients' Preferences and Willingness to Pay Hertko, Julianne 1999

Meltzer, David Hospitalists and the Diffusion of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in treatment of Deep Venous Thrombosis Nguyen, Brittany 1999

Meltzer, David Does quaility-adjusted life expectancy predict patient preferences for treatment in IDDM? Frankel, Jason 1998

Meltzer, David Analysis of Quality of Life Factors that Patients Use in Time Trade-Off and Standard Gamble Health Utilities Indexes in End-stage Renal Failure Lin, Christopher 1998

Meltzer, David Diabetes outcomes research as to the intesity of treatment to detemrine whether decisions about intensity of therapy are consistent with lifestyle choices Peres, Dana 1998

Meltzer, David Refiguring Cost-Effectiveness Stoffel, David 1997

Meltzer, David Assessment of Quality of Life in Type I Diabetic Patients Yang, Alex 1997

Press, Valerie Evaluating a Tool for Rapid Clinical Assessment of Health Literacy in Hospitalized Patients Shapiro, Madeleine 2011

186


Reddy, Shalini Participation in Unprofessional Behaviors Among Hospitalists: A Multisite Study Iwaz, James 2010

Shah, Lisa A Missed Opportunity: Exploring Barriers to Quit in Hospitalized Smokers Awasum, Fri 2009

Medicine - Infectious Diseases

Koyner, Jay Utility of Cystatin C as an Early Biomarker for Acute Kidney Injury Ha, Jihye 2009

Pitrak, David Trial Validation Study of Giemsa, Wright and Leishman Blood Stains for the Diagnosis of Acute Phase Bartonellosis Leggett, Cadman 2005

Schneider, John Role of social networks in acceptability of novel HIV prevention interventions in truck drivers in Andhra Pradesh, India Kumar, Rupali 2011

Schneider, John Change Agent Characterization in a High Risk Male Network in India? Zhou, Albert 2011

Schneider, John Cell phone social network structures of Indian men who have sex with men Kapur, Abhinav 2010

Schneider, John Novel HIV Prevention Preferences of Truck Drivers in South India Pasupneti, Shravani 2008

Sherer, Renslow Understanding Community Based Geriatrics in Wuhan, China by evaluation of Attitudes and Training in Community Health Centers. Shi, Sandra 2011

Sherer, Renslow Observational Study of Hand Hygiene Compliance Rates in Intensive Care Units in Wuhan, China Sun, Lisa 2011

Sherer, Renslow Evaluation of the Wuhan University Medical Education Reform Ledbetter, Kelly 2010

Sherer, Renslow Evaluation of the Wuhan University Medical Education Reform Project Thorngren, Daniel 2010

Weber, Stephen Functional Status and Outcomes of Older Patients with Antibiotic Resistant Infections Barton, Grant 2008

Medicine - Pulmonary/Critical Care

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca Regulation of IL10 gene expression in pre-clinical models of asthma Kapila, Atul 2010

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca The Role of the Tumor Suppressor Tuberin in Smooth Muscle Gene Expression Arredondo, Melissa 2009

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca Modulation of IL-10 Expression in Asthma Models Robinson, Sylvia 2009

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca Regulation of IL10 Function in Preclinical Studies of Asthma Cohn, Aaron 2008

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca Modulation of Airway Smooth Muscle Gene Expression by Cytokines Poon, Kenneth 2007

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca Effects of the Mevalonate Pathway on Airway Smooth MuscleExpression in Asthma Models Cable, Matthew 2006

Camoretti-Mercado, Blanca Effects of Tuberin Expression on Smooth Muscle-Specific Gene Transcription Kedia, Prashant 2004

Hall, Jesse The Use of Beta Natriuretic Peptide Values to Differentiate High vs. Low Pressure Pulmonary Edema Van Cleve, William 2002

Hamann, Kim Autophagic Markers in Cardiomyocytes following Oxidative Injury Guhl, Emily 2011

Hamann, Kimm Involvement of PIDD (p53-Induced Protein with a Death Domain) in Susceptibility of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells to TRAIL McFarland, Craig 2008

Hamann, Kimm The Cardioprotective Effects of the Natural (Ghrelin) and Synthetic (Hexarelin) GH Secretagogues after Exposure of HL-1 Cells to Oxidative Stress Grinstein, Jonathan 2007

Hamann, Kimm Rapid Activiation of Intrinsic Apoptosis after TRAIL Binding in Human Luekemia Cells Sherman, Scott 2007

Hamann, Kimm Contribution of the Mitochondrial Pathway to TRAIL mediated apoptosis of AML14 eosinophils Slaughter, Jocelyn 2005

Hamann, Kimm Contribution of the Mitrochondrial Pathway to TRAIL-mediated Apoptosis of Leukemic Cell Slaughter, Jocelyn 2004

Hamann, Kimm Glucocorticoid Effects on Fas-mediated Apoptosis in Leukemic Eosinophils Meadows (Skomal), Rachael 2002

Hamann, Kimm TRAIL Resistance in Leukemic Cell Lines Sauk, Jenny 2000

Olopade, Christopher Indoor Air Pollution: Extent and Impact in Southwestern Nigeria Wiskel, Tess 2011

187


Sperling, Anne The Role of ICOS in Initiating the Th2 Response Ferschl, Marla 2001

Medicine - Rheumatology

Alegre, Maria- Luisa T Cell Receptor - Dependent NF-kB Activation is Required for Th17 Cell Differentiation Cubre, Alan 2007

Alegre, Maria- Luisa The Ras Activation Defect in CD4+/CD25+ Regulatory T cells Sugihara, Adam Quasr 2005

Utset, Tammy The Use of Comparative Genomic Hybridization to Improve the Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Miscarriages Trivedi, Tarak 2009

Schneewind, Olaf A variant of LcrV, the plague protective antigen and needle cap protein of Yersinia pestis, that blocks type III secretion Mitchell, Anthony 2011

Schneewind, Olaf IsdB NEAT Domains: Staphylococcal Iron Acquisition as a Vaccine Target McAdow, Molly 2008

Molecular Genetics & Cell Biology

Munro, Edwin Dynamic Interactions among CDC42, PAR-6/PKC-3 and LGL Maintain Epithelial Polarity during Early Drosophila Development Lee, Samuel 2010

Roizman, Bernard Role of a Ubiquitin-mediated Proteolysis Pathway in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 control of host cell cycle progression Baron, Elinor 1999

Singh, Harinder Interleukin-7 and B-Cell Development: A Mutational Analysis of IL-7 Receptor Function Schatz, Jonathan 2001

Neurobiology

Dubreuil, Ron Drosophila Melanogaster as a Model System for the Study of Actin-Based Listeria Motility Molden, Jaime 1999

Palfrey, Clive Localization of Protein Kinase C Delta in bFGF-Treated PC-12 Cells Lotan, Roi 1999

Ragsdale, Clifton Phox2a Misexpression in the Chick Midbrain Masson, Christine 2002

Neurology

Bernard, Jacqueline Tysabri effects on cognition and neurodegenration in Multiple Sclerosis Coppes, Oscar 2011

Eide, Fernette The Construction and Testing of a Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Expressing the Human Apolipoprotein E Gene Dau, Birgitt 1999

Eide, Fernette Trk B.T1 Function in Transgenic Xenopus Laevis Eisenberg, Staci 1999

Eide, Fernette NMDA Receptor Expression in Rat Primary Somatosensory Cortex Kline, Justin 1998

Eide, Fernette The Effects of Virally Expressed Human Apolipoprotein E2, E3 and E4 in Transgenic Alzheimer Mice White, Bryan 1998

Eide, Fernette Adeno-Associated Virus: An Improved Vector for Gene Delivery in the Central Nervous System Mislow, John 1997

Frank, Jeffrey Developing an educational simulation to improve the use of thrombolysis in acute stroke Stork, Rachel 2010

Frank, Jeffrey Application of Organotypic Tissue Culture (OTC) of Fetal Mouse Brain (FMB) to Study Dynamic Causes of Brain Swelling (BS) from Acute Liver Failure (ALF) Back, Adam 2008

Frim, David The Neuroprective Role of Poloxamer-188 in the Striatum is Reflected on Different Cell Types Xu, Mu 2009

Frim, David Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Poloxamer 188 in a Rat Model of Intracranial Hemmorhage Luther, Gaurav 2008

Frim, David The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Surfactant Poloxamer-188 in Striatal Neuroprotection Wollin, Daniel 2008

Gomez, Christopher Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Brouillette, Ashley 2011

Gomez, Christopher The Effects of Mutated Cav 2.1 a1 2.1 Subunits on P/Q-Type Voltage-Gated Calcuim Channels Associated with Episodic Ataxia

Hekman, Katherine 2007

Grove, Elizabeth Expression of Wnt Genes in Human Fetal Brain Meyer, Jeffrey 2000

Grove, Elizabeth The Effects of Ectopic Application of Secreted Signaling Molecule Fgf-8 in the Telencephalon Strauss, Jonathan 2000

Kang, Un Jung Dopaminergic Therapy and Motor Learning in Parkinson's Disease Hodgson, Trent 2011

188


Kang, Un Jung The Role of the NMDA Receptor on L-DOPA Responsiveness in Parkinsonian Rats Maskatia, Shiraz 2002

Kang, Un Jung Motor Response Complications of Dopaminergic Therapy in Parkinson Rat Models Woo, Jane 2001

Kang, Un Jung Motor Complications after Dopaminergic Replacement in Rat Models of Parkinson’s Disease Johnson, Karin 2000

Kohrman, Michael Nonlinear Analysis of Polysomnographic Data: A Look at Arousals in Children Reddick, Darian 2002

Kraig, Richard A Fundamental Pathological Change in Astrocytes Winterfield, Jeffrey 1997

Mastrianni, James Investigating a Novel Degradative Pathway Between the ER and Lysosomes for Elimination of Misfolded Proteins Cottrell, Caroline 2005

Mastrianni, James Biophysical Characterization and Cytotoxicity of a Peptied Homologous to Residues 106-126 of the Prion Protein Johnson, Erik 2001

Roos, Raymond Toward the Development of New Therapies for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Siebert, David 2010

Small, Steven The Effectiveness of Imitation Therapy for the Treatment of Post-Stroke Aphasia Dowell, Jasmine 2008

Small, Steven Cerebellar Atrophy and Language Outcomes in Patients with Pre- and Perinatal Stroke Merritt, Frank 2008

Small, Steven Luria Task-Induced fMRI Activation in Normal Subjects Bhimani, Ashish 2002

Towle, V. Leo Characterization of Verbal Memory Processing using Electrocorticographic Recordings Berg, Carly 2011

Towle, V. Leo The Functional Connectivity Between Broca’s and Wernicke’s Areas of the Human Brain Grimaldo, Felipe 2008

Towle, V. Leo Neural Correlates of Memory Storage & Retrieval McKee, Jillian 2008

Towle, V. Leo The Scaling of Chewing Frequency in Old and New World Primates Washington, Rhyan 2005

Towle, V. Leo Exploring Cortical Event-Related Potentials Associated with Language Mojica, Gioconda 2004

Towle, V. Leo Broca, Penfield, and My into the 'Forbidden Territory:' Functional Mapping of Dominant-Hemisphere Cortices Choi, Danny 2003

Towle, V. Leo Finding the Epileptogenic Zone for Surgical Resection Cooper, Joseph 2003

Towle, V. Leo A New Approach to Identifying Cortical Language Areas Davion, Simone 2002

Towle, V. Leo EEG Coherence and Seizure Localization in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients Dwyer, Jennifer 2001

Towle, V. Leo The Functional Organization of the Developing Language System Hoffman, Laura 2000

Towle, V. Leo Analysis of Human Seizure Activity Simon, Scott 2000

Towle, V. Leo The Functional Organization of the Developing Language System Abend, Nicholas 1999

Towle, V. Leo Synchronized Oscillations within Primary Motor Cortex: How the Brain Wiggles the Tongue Attar, Samer 1999

Towle, V. Leo fMRI to study memory Kessey, Kofi 1998

Towle, V. Leo Examine patterns of EcoG Coherence Recorded from Patients Undergoing Work-Up for Neurosurgery to Correct Intractible Epilepsy Lindberg, Daniel 1998

Towle, V. Leo Localization of Language Processing in the Brain Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diakiw, Adriana 1997

Obstetrics & Gynecology

Chien, Ed Identification of Potential Regulatory Elements of the Prostaglandin EP2 Receptor Type 4 (ptger-ep4) McGregor, Candace 2001

Cohen, David Comparison of Vitrification and Slow Freeze Methods of Mouse Oocyte Cryopreservation Taub, Kimberly 2006

Gilliam, Melissa Teen Mothers & Social Services: Met and Unmet Need Taylor, Jasmine 2011

Gilliam, Melissa Parent-Adolescent Communication about Unplanned Pregnancy among African American Females Betham, Brittany 2010

189


Gilliam, Melissa Predictors of Non-Perfect Oral Contraceptive Adherence Among Students on a College Campus Hughey, Andrew 2009

Gilliam, Melissa Contraceptive Initiation in Postpartum African American Teenagers Rodriguez, Victoria 2008

Gilliam, Melissa Desire and Uptake of the Intrauterine Device by Postpartum African American Adolescents Weston, Melissa 2008

Gilliam, Melissa The Role of Context in African American Adolescents Males' Condom Decision-Making Reuler, Aisha 2006

Hibbard, Judith 7 year retrospective chart review with the goal of understanding the success or failure of vaginal births after Caesarian sections (VBACS) Te, Catherine 1998

Kim, Helen The Role of Estrogen in Ovarrian Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Expression Lara, Rebecca 2006

Kim, Helen Specific Sequences Between -356 and -249 bp of the Mouse GnRH Promoter are Sufficient to Target GnRH Expression to mGnRH Neurons Nash, Carilyn 2002

Lindau, Stacy Knowledge about the Human Papillomavirus and Vaccine in a National Sample of Women and Girls Vander Haar, Emilie 2008

Lindau, Stacy Sexual Functioning in Long-Term Survivors of Gynecological Cancer Zewial, Amani 2004

Phillipe, Mark Protease Activated Receptor (PAR) Expression in CD-1 Mouse Tissue Denny, Chemen 2001

Phillipe, Mark Determine the significance of the Type 2 and Type 3 isoforms of the ryanodine receptor during agonist-stimulated cytosolic calcium oscillations and phasic myometrial contractions DeRuiter, Cynthia 1998

Stephenson, Mary “Information-Rich” Reproductive Outcomes in Carriers of a Structural Chromosome Rearrangement with a History of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Desjardins, Michelle 2011

Stephenson, Mary The Use of Comparative Genomic Hybridization to Improve the Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Miscarriages Triplett, Latrice 2009

Stephenson, Mary Frequency of Factors Associated with Unexplained Fetal Demise and Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes Wright, Erin 2008

Yamada, Diane Effects of MKK4 and Chemotheraeutic Drugs, Cisplatin or Paclitaxel, on Human Ovarian Cancer SKOV3ip.1 Cells Ha, Thanh 2006

Ophthalmology & Visual Science

Dwyer, Maureen Outcomes Analysis of Trabeculectomies Anderson, Danielle 1999

Ernest, Terry The Effect of Blue Light on Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) Cells Jay, Allison 2004

Ernest, Terry Visual Acuity Outcomes Following Vitreous Loss in Diabetic Patients Krishnan, Angeli 2000

Ernest, Terry Visual Acuity outcomes analysis of glaucoma patients with vitreous loss Shah, Dipak 2000

Ernest, Terry Track cataract surgery patients and record their progress 3 months after surgery Bhatia, Sumit 1998

Ernest, Terry Outcomes of Phacoemulsification and Extracapsular Cataract Extraction at a University and County Hospital Albanis, Chris 1997

Ernest, Terry Culture of HFRPE Cells on Biodegradable Matrices Pearlman, Julie 1997

Ernest, Terry & Dwyer, Maureen Cataract Extraction Surgery: An Analysis of Intraoperative Complication Rates at UCH Rubin, Michael 1999

Feitl, Marianne Compliance and Visual Function Outcomes for Glaucoma Patients Henderson, Polly 1997

Grassi, Michael Genetic Expression of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and their Role in Diabetic Retinopathy Chen, Judy 2009

Hariprasad, Seenu Improvement in Visual Quality of Life After Traditional and Micro-Incisional Vitrectomy: A Prospective Study Burrell, Gregory 2007

Hariprasad, Seenu Diabetic Retinopathy's Impact on Vision-Related Quality of Health Johnson, Vanitha 2006

Hariprasad, Seenu Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema Miller, Loren 2006

McLeod, Rima Toxoplasma Gondii Chen, Tiffany 2008

McLeod, Rima Evidence for Chorismate Synthase in Plasmodium Vivax Guerrero, Nadia 2000

McLeod, Rima Determination of Isocitrate Lyase in Toxoplasma Gondii Marion, John 2000

190


Saidel, Michael Risk of Sleep Apnea in Keratoconus Patients Paik, Jeanie 2009

Van Kosky, Steve Research in Gait Analysis and the effects of specific muscular disorders Krubert, Chris 1997

Organismal Biology and Anatomy

Ross, Callum Role of Cortical Neurons in Control of Tongue and Jaw Movement During Feeding and Swallowing in Macaques Konecki, McKenna 2008

Pathology

Birkenbach, Marc Characterization of mouse genomic EBI4 locus Wilson, Clifford 1997

Burkhardt, Janis Running Around Without a Head Sider, Hillary 2001

Burkhardt, Janis Study of the response of human T cells to either monocytes or latex beads coated with anti-T cell receptor antibody Khawaja, Suleman 1998

Lingen, Mark An Investigation of Gene Expression Changes Pre VS. Post Gefitnib (Iressa) Treatment in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (SCCHN) Cobain, Erin 2006

Meredith, Stephen Interactions Between Lipids and Beta-Amyloid Boire, Adrienne 2005

Meredith, Stephen Characterization of Aß-Peptide Interactions with Membrane Lipids Rains, Niles 2003

Meredith, Stephen Identification and Characterization of Factors Involved in the in vitro Fibrilllization of Truncated Prion Proteins Cassese, Todd 2000

Morla, Alex O. Protein Kinase C Signaling Pathways in Smooth Muscle Cells and Fibroblasts Horne, Aaron 2000

Nagler, Cathryn The effect of maternal helminth infection on the subsequent vaccination response in pups Carter, Danielle 2010

Nagler, Cathryn Improving Vaccine Efficacy in the Developing World Kline, Austin 2010

Schreiber, Hans Tumor antigen presentation and CTL proliferation Tien, Linda 2009

Schreiber, Hans Targeting Tumor and Tumor Stromal Cells with Bacteria Binder, David 2008

Schreiber, Hans Cancer Immunotherapy: Loading Tumor Stroma with Exogenous Antigen Wang, Jie 2007

Schreiber, Hans Resistance to Apoptosis and Immunological Destruction of Solid Tumors Bennett, Erwin 2004

Schreiber, Hans Does the Mutant Ribosomal Protein L9 Affect 5'TOP Translation? Spiotto, Michael 1999

Turner, Jerrold Characterizing the role of occludin in tumor necrosis factor-induced barrier dysfunction Nwadei, Ifeoma 2008

Turner, Jerrold Exodus of Claudin: Visualization of Clostridium Perfringens enterotoxin-mediated tight junction down regulation Kern, Adam 2005

Yaremko, M. Lisa Chromosome 8 Deletions in the Breast Cancers of Young Patients Yerian, Lisa 1997

Pediatrics

Bishku, Dilek Internet Access Among Families in an Inner-City Pediatric Outpatient Clinic Chasen, Nicole 1999

Chwals, Walter Comparison of the effect of metabolic stress, from sepsis, on the fuel energetics and generation of hepatic ATP in neonatal and adult rabbits Wei, Anthony 1998

Chwals, Walter Metabolic Stress Response in Acutely Ill Neonates Tueting, Jonathan 1997

Daum, Robert Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Mell, Loren 2000

Daum, Robert & Davis, Michael Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Associated Risk Factors in a Large Urban Jail Bills, Corey 2006

Daum, Robert & Davis, Michael Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections in Cook County Jail Wilde, Brenden 2006

Glick, Jill A New Look at the Risks Associated with High Fevers in Children Moses, James 1999

Hecox, Kurt Characterizing Headache Pain in Children Merchant, Raina 2000

191


Hendrickson, Barbara The relationship Between Mucosa-Associated/Escherichia Coli and the Pathogenesis of Colon Carcinoma and Crohn's Disease Kawaguchi, Kathy 2001

Hendrickson, Barbara The Role of Gamma Delta Cells in the Genital Immune Response Roberts, Soldrea 1999

Hendrickson, Barbara The Role of Adherent E.coli in the Pathogenesis of Chron's Disease Swamy, Priya 1999

Hendrickson, Barbara A Mouse Model of Mucosal Immune Response to Herpes Simplex - Type 2 Genital Infection Dennis, Kim 1997

Hershenson, Marc Role of Reactive Oxygen Intermediates in Smooth Muscle Signalling Hodge, Joshua 1997

Lester, Lucy Determine the efficacy of inhaled Tobramycin in CF children cultured with Pseudonomas aeruginosa Lewczyk, Julie 1998

Mangoura, Dimitra The Role of Src as an Effector Protein in Opioid Receptor Signaling Gomez, Vanessa 2000

Mangoura, Dimitra Novel Signaling of the Delta-Opioid Receptor via Tyrosine-Kinase Hansen, Todd 1997

Marks, Jeremy The Role of Poloxamer 188 in Hippocampal Neuroprotection Following Transient Global Forebrain Ischemia in Wistar Rats Choi, Michael 2008

Marks, Jeremy The Role of P188 in Post-Ischemic Spatial Learning in Male Wistar Rats Stanley, Marion 2008

Marks, Jeremy The Role of P188 Neuroprotection and Postischemic Spatial Learning Ability in Male Mongolian Gerbils Liebesny, Katherine 2007

Marks, Jeremy The Effect of Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) - Polypropylene Oxide (PPO) - Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) Co-Polymer Architecture on Neuronal Survival Following Excitotoxicity Bossano, Carla 2006

Meadow, William Reevaluating the predictive power of clinician intuition and head ultrasound on adverse outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants Butler, Brittany 2011

Meadow, William Ethics and Epidemiology in the NICU Reynolds, Daniel 2011

Meadow, William Prognostication in the NICU: Is Provider Discordance Significant? Cohen-Cutler, Sally 2010

Meadow, William Intuitive Prognostication of Mortality in the MICU: Predictive Value and Ethical Implications Feng, Mallory 2009

Meadow, William Changes in Neonatal Resuscitation Decision-Making Over Time: Real or Imagined? Tarr, Lindsay 2009

Meadow, William Serial Intuitions as a Predictor for Mortality and Morbidity in the NICU Lu, Min 2007

Meadow, William SNOB : Incorporating Obstetric Factors to Improve Predictions of Neonatal Outcome Rosenthal, Elana 2007

Meadow, William Combining Algorithms and Intuitions: Can We Improve Predictions about Mortality and Morbidity in the NICU? Mianzo, Danielle 2007

Meadow, William MD or Magic Eight Ball? Intuitions as Predictors of Outcome in the Medical ICU Broach, Vance 2006

Meadow, William Serial Assessment of APACHE II Scores as Predictors of Mortality in the Medical Intensive Care Unit Dehne, Lindsay 2006

Meadow, William Prognostication of Mortality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit by Intuition: Discordance and Informed Consent Foster, Kimberly 2005

Meadow, William Ethical implications of the predictive value of FiO2 for subsequent Mortality and Morbidity in ventilated infants in the NICU Hron, Jonathan 2005

Meadow, William Exploring the Accuracy of Clinical Intuitions in Premature Infants: How Well Do Intuitions of Neurological Morbidity Correctly Predict Outcome? Dungan, Melissa 2004

Meadow, William Intuitions of Mortality and Morbidity: Their Value for Decision-Making in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Mercer, Sara 2004

Paik, S. Margaret Epidemiology of Pediatric Fractures Fenster, Michael 2011

Rochowicz, Elizabeth Molecular Basis of Pituitary Hormone Deficiencies in Humans Hamilton, Aaron 2003

Rosenfield, Robert The Effects of Lipoproteins (LDL, HDL, and VLDL) on Differentiation of Cultured SZ95 Human Sebaceous Cells Fox, John 2004

Rosenfield, Robert Sequence Variation in the Type V 17-beta Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Gene in Females with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Grundy, Maureen 2004

Ross, Lainie Friedman Physicians Attitudes about Newborn Screening for Infectious Diseases Schittek, Hanna 2005

Sarpong, Sampson Aerodynamic Properties of Airborne Cockroach Allergen Bla g 1 and Bla g 2 in Homes Eastmond, Margy 1998

192


Schwab, Joel An Underutilized Clinic in an Underserved Area: Assessing Community Awareness and Barriers to Care at a Free Pediatric Clinic Tobe, Russell 2002

Schwab, Joel Referrals from a Student-Run Free Clinic: Connecting Underserved Children to Primary Care Humikowski, Cathy 2001

Pediatrics - Critical Care

Hoehn, Sarah Parental Trust Scores in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Chen, Minna 2008

Hoehn, Sarah Understanding Parental Trust in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Approach DeLemos, Destinee 2008

Hoehn, Sarah Group-Based Medical Mistrust in Parents of Critically Ill Children Romer, Amy 2008

Hoehn, Sarah Understanding Parental Trust in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Anthony, Benjamin 2007

Hoehn, Sarah Trust in Physicians in the PICU Brydon, Kyla 2007

Hoehn, Sarah Mistrust and Racism in the Pediatric ICU Sonneborn, Kathleen 2007

Pediatrics - Developmental

Gray, Larry Thermal Analgesia: Expanding the Benefits Garza, Elizabeth 2008

Gray, Larry Thermal Analgesia in Healthy Newborns Patel, Tanvi 2007

Msall, Michael The Impact of a Center Based, Group Treatment Model in Toddlers with Autism Gove, Stephanie 2010

Msall, Michael Household Resources and Hospitalization for RSV in Preterm Infants Johnson, Nicole 2009

Msall, Michael White Matter Injury, Visual Dysfunction, and 24 Month Developmental Disability after Extreme Prematurity Phadke, Anuradha 2008

Msall, Michael Communications and Adaptive Profiles in Young Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Comparision with Pre-School Developmental Delays Lin, Elaine 2007

Pediatrics - Endocrinology

Lipton, Rebecca Diabetes and Food Insecurity: An Anaylsis of Dietary Behaviors in Children Kalantari, Sara 2007

Lipton, Rebecca The Effect of Having a Close Relative with Diabetes on the Health Behaviors and Outcomes of Diabetic Children Cargill Jr, Algernon 2005

Pediatrics- Hematology/Oncology

Beyer, Eric Abnormal Interactions between Connexin 50 Mutants and Wild Type Connexin 43 Contribute to Cataractogenesis Osmolak, Patricia 2011

Beyer, Eric Reduced Colocalization of Connexin 40 with Connexin 43 in Atrial Fibrillation Levy, Andrew 2009

Cunningham, John Erythroid Krüppel-like Factor and ß-globin Gene Activation Sillers, Laura 2009

Cunningham, John The Role of Erythroid Krüppel-Like Factor (EKLF) in Repression of Megakaryopoiesis Blackwell, Brandy 2008

Cunningham, John The Role of EKLF in Erythroid Differentiation and Cell Cycle Regulation Blackwell, Brandy 2007

Pediatrics - Neurology

Kohrman, Michael The Effects of Anticonvulsants on Sleep in Children with Epilepsy Willcox, Maureen 2009

Kohrman, Michael Quantification of Sleep Micro-architecture Using Multiple Tools of Analysis Garza, Veronica 2008

Kohrman, Michael Behavioral Problems in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients Vanderbilt, Timothy 2006

Kohrman, Michael Use of Non-linear Time Series Analysis to Assess Sleep-Wake Transition Lankford, Jeremy 2004

Kohrman, Michael Qualitative Characterization of Sleep Disorders in Children with Headaches Luc, Michael 2004

Kohrman, Michael Non-linear Systems Analysis of Micro-Sleep State Transitions Orloff, Larissa 2004

193


Kohrman, Michael Non-linear Analysis of Polysomnographic Data in Children: Entropy as a Tool to Characterize Sleep Stages. Cook, Katie 2002

Kohrman, Michael Pediatric Sleep Disorders Gupta, Anu 2002

Kohrman, Michael Pediatric Sleep Disorders and Neurology Reddick, Darian 2001

VanDrongelen, Wim "Modeling Neural Network Dynamics with Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity" Harris, Dominic 2011

Pediatrics- Rheumatology

Onel, Karen Relationship of Functional Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life for Patients with Juvenile Ideopathic Arthritis Erlich, Jonathan 2008

Pediatrics - Surgery

Baroody, Fuad Local and Systemic Cytokine Profiles in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Controls Paro, John 2007

Baroody, Fuad How do Intranasal Steroids Affect Eye Symptoms in Allergic Rhinitis? Shenaq, Deana 2007

Baroody, Fuad Local and Systemic Cytokine Profiles in Children with Sleep Apnea and Controls Smith, Ann 2006

Glynn, Loretto The Effect of High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycol on the Development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Rats Snider, Kelly 2006

Liu, Donald Minimally Invasive Surgery In Children with Solid Neoplasms Kang, Seong Moon 2002

Liu, Donald & Glynn, Loretta Effect of High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycol on the Development of Necrotizing Enterocolotis in Rats Suchar, Adam 2005

Sullivan, Christopher Tarsal Impingement Coalition - Another Cause of Peroneal Spastic Flatfoot Woseth, Douglas 1997

Suskind, Dana Project ASPIRE: A Parent-Directed Intervention to Improve Outcomes in Hearing Impaired Low SES Children Faustin, Marcia 2010

Suskind, Dana Pilot Testing of a Parent-Directed Intervention (Project ASPIRE) for Underserved Children who are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing: Efficacy in Positively Affecting Parental Language Knowledge and Skills Shay, Sophie 2009

Suskind, Dana Evaluating the Role of Socioeconomic Status in the Perception of Self-efficacy among Parents of Pediatric Cochlear Implant Patients Sacks, Chana 2008

Suskind, Dana Health Disparities in Pediatric Cochlear Implantation in a Medicaid Population: Are all poor children created equal? Tasosa, Joseph 2008

Suskind, Dana Do Surgeons Perceive Socioeconomic Barriers to Pediatric Cochlear Implant Success? Kirkham, Erin 2007

Pediatrics-Neonatology

Claud, Erika The Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Erythropoetin in Immature Epithelial Intestinal Tissue and Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) Rodriguez, Renee 2007

Pritzker School of Medicine

Wood, L.D.H. & Rubin, David Teaching the Teachers; Improving Physicians' Evaluation of Medical Students Bala, Matangi 2000

Psychiatry

Bradley, David Exploring the Neural Code: Mechanisms of Stimulus Direction Encoding in area MT of the Macaque Goyal, Manu 2002

Cacioppo, John The Elusive Relationship Between Hostility and Hypertension: An Alternative Hypothesis Stracks, John 2002

Cook, Edwin Molecular Genetics of Hyperserotonemia in Autism Cross, Sarah 2004

Cook, Edwin The Incidence of Difficult Intubations in Patients with Thyroid Disease Hennelly, Meghann 2004

Cook, Edwin Is the PRKCG Gene in Linkage Disequilibrium with Autism? Reliford, Aaron 2000

Cook, Edwin Testing the Linkage Disequilibrium Between Autistic Disorder and a Region Between GABRB3 and GABRA5 Lancaster, Thomas 1999

Cook, Edwin LD Autism and HTR5 Favus, Elliot 1998

Cook, Edwin Study of the Eagle Gene in Drosophila to determine its specific effects on the synthesis of serotonin Reliford, Aaron 1998

194


Cook, Edwin Molecular genetic study of obsessive-compusive disorder Veenstra-Vander Weele, Jeremy 1998

Cook, Edwin Testing of Linkage Disequalibrium Between Autism and the HTRIA Gene Hoop, Jinger Gail 1997

Cook, Edwin Testing of Linkage Disequalibrium Between UBE3A and Autistic Disorder Nix, Kristi 1997

Cook, Edwin Tryptophan Hydroxylase and Autistic Disorder Slotwiner, Alex 1997

Dantz, Bezalel The Impact of a Behavioral Medicine Clinic Upon Practice Patterns in the University of Chicago Primary Care Group Kreisher, Jennifer 2001

de Wit, Harriet Effects of Personality on the Subjective Response to Alcohol Swearingen, Ryan 2009

de Wit, Harriet Correlation Between Subjective and Physiological Response to Amphetamine and Genetic Variation in CRHR1 Gene Andrick, Jonathan 2008

de Wit, Harriet A Dopamine Transporter Polymorphism and Caffeine Response Matsui, Jun 2005

de Wit, Harriet An Associative Study of the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met Polymorphism and Amphetamine Response Flanagin, Brody 2004

de Wit, Harriet The Effects of Progesterone and its Metabolites on Post-Menopausal and Normally-Cycling Women Rubin, Rachel 1997

Gejman, Pablo Ethnic Diversity of Human 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1B: A Progress Report Levin, Tamara 1999

Goldman, Morris Identifying Brain Activity Differences Associated With a Defect in Prepulse Inhibition in Schizophrenia Papillon, Stephanie 2006

Goldman, Morris Block- versus Event Related-Design in Studying the Startle Response Coffey, Charles 2003

Goldman, Morris Functional Neuroarchitecture of Prepulse Inhibition and Its Implications for Pathology of Schizophrenia Chien, Andy 2002

Goldman, Morris A Measure of Putative Hippocampal-Mediated Glucocorticoid Feedback in Neuroendocrine Activies in Normals and Schizophrenics Gavin, Michelle 2001

Goldman, Morris Neuroendocrine Responses to Mixed Physical/Psychological Stressor in Normals and Schizophrenics Gnerlich, Jennifer 2001

Goldman, Morris Functional Neuroarchitecture of Behavioral Inhibition Shah, Javeed 2000

Goldman, Morris A Measure of Putative Hippocampal-Mediated Glucocorticoid Negative Feedback in Humans Wood, Gordon 1999

Karnik, Niranjan Psychiatric Disorders and Substance Use in Homeless Youth: A Comparison of San Francisco and Chicago Quimby, Ernika 2011

Keenan, Kate Relations between maternal emotional and physical health and infant outcomes in teen pregnancy Sheffield, Rebecca 2005

Lee, Royce Childhood Trauma and Processing of Morphed Emotional Faces in Adults Wang, Nancy 2008

McMahon, Francis J. Genetic Variation Within bcl-2 Gene and Its Possible Link with Bipolar Affective Disorder Freed, Benjamin 2001

Owley, Thomas Pharmacogenetics of Medication Response in Autism: Influence of HTR2A Allelic Variation on Response to Escitalopram Hicks, Rebecca 2004

Phan, K. Luan "Emotional Restlessness" Prior Emotional State Alters Default Network Deactivation Pitroda, Sean 2007

Pliskin, Neil Longitudinal Psychosocial Adjustment Following Electrical Injury Moran, Sharon 1998

Wakschlag, Lauren The Relationship Between Parental Smoking and Antisocial Personality Shagrin, Bianca 1999

Wakschlag, Lauren Correlates of behavior problems in high risk preschoolers Kersey, Aleeza 1998

Radiation & Cellular Oncology

Giger, Maryellen L. Quantitative analysis of tumor signatures in breast MRI Budreau, Daniel 2011

Giger, Maryellen An Observer Study for the Evaluation of Radiologists' Interpretation of Breast MRIs Using a Computer-Aided Breast MRI Workstation Lee, John 2007

Giger, Maryellen Computerized Texture Analysis Mammographic Parenchymal Patterns of Full Field Digital Mammograms Nguyen, Tuan 2007

Giger, Maryellen Computer Aided Diagnosis Mammography: Investigation of an Intelligent Search Workstation Roseborough, Ingrid 2000

195


Heimann, Ruth Outcomes of Breast Conservation in the Elderly Baumwell, Suzanne 2001

Heimann, Ruth Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast Using High Spectral and Spacial Resolution Oware, Audrey 2001

Heimann, Ruth The Risk of Axillary Lymph Node Involvement in Small Breast Carcinoma Munsell, Melissa 2000

Heimann, Ruth Assessment of Patient's Preceptions of Treatment Options in Stage I and II Breast Cancer Kelley, Leah 1999

Heimann, Ruth Breast Conserving Therapy in African American Women Livingston, Belise 1999

Liauw, Stanley Outcomes after Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer Stephens, Kevin 2011

Mundt, Arno J. Predictors of Outcomes for Patients Treated with Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Disease to the Brain Schomas, David 2001

Weichselbaum, Ralph USP18 and resistance to radiation and chemotherapy in glioblastoma Dess, Robert 2010

Weichselbaum, Ralph Association of Tumor Radioresistance and Metastatic Ability Kumar, Kiran 2009

Weichselbaum, Ralph JAK/STAT1 Pathway Mediates Formation of Aggressive Tumor Phenotype Beveridge, Mara 2008

Weichselbaum, Ralph Radiation-Inducible Viral Oncolytic Therapy of Low-MEK Tumors Using HSV-1 R2660 Sood, Ravi 2008

Weichselbaum, Ralph An Assay for the Detection of Radiation Induced Leukemia Blair, John 2000

Weichselbaum, Ralph Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer Su, Andy 1998

Radiology

Armato, Samuel Improved Classification of Mesothelioma Based on Modified Tumor Volume Modeling of CT Scans Hwang, David 2008

Armato, Samuel Evaluation of Mesothelioma Response by RECIST and Area-Based Measurements Osborne, Michael 2007

Armato, Samuel An Analysis of the Adverse Affects of Sorafenib on Adrenal Gland Blood Perfusion Idowu, Andrew 2006

Armato, Samuel CAD of PAH by Lung Texture Features Smith, Evan 2006

Armato, Samuel Automated detection of lung nodules in digital chest radiographs using temporal subtraction Januszyk, Michael 2005

Armato, Samuel Measurement of malignant pleural masothelioma on CT: Variability of manual and computer-aided techniques Oxnard, Geoff 2002

Armato, Samuel & Vogelzang, Nicholas Assessment of Mesothelioma Progression using an Intelligent Interface Ogarek, Joseph 2003

Bardo, DiannaDoes ECG Editing Improve Diagnostic Accuracy of MDCT Coronary Angiography in Patients with Heart Rhythm Irregularities?

Solanki, Abhishek 2006

Bardo, Dianna Optimal Timing of Contrast Injections for Multi-Detector CT Scans to Diagnose Pulmonary Embolism Leo, Troy 2005

Bardo, Dianna Estimation of radiation dose and noise in gated and non-gated 16, 40, and 64 Multi-Detector Computer Tomography (MDCT) scans; designing scan protocols for cardiac exams in children, a phantom study. Stewart, Russell 2005

Ben-Ami, Tamar Clinical Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Chest Ultrasound vs Computed Tomography in the Emergency Evaluation of Ambiguous Chest Opacities in Children Majmundar, Amee 1997

Benya, Ellen Screening Sonography in Children with Blunt Abdominal Trauma Landrum, Orlando 1997

Casalino, David Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Ultrasound of Focal Liver Lesions Boler, Nicole 1998

Dachman, Abraham Analysis of Human and Machine Errors of Polyp Detection in a CT Colonography Computer-Aided Detection Trial Koskin, Vadim 2009

Dachman, Abraham Development of a computer software-based simulation program for training CT technologists in the performance of virtual colonoscopy (CTC) Obajuluwa, Ademola 2009

Dachman, Abraham Virtual Colonoscopy: An Analysis of Measurement Parameters in CT Colonography (CTC) Bethea, Emily 2008

Dachman, Abraham Sources of False Positive MTANN CAD Output Gong, Lena 2006

Dachman, Abraham Studying the Learning Curve for Novice Readers of CT Colonography Using a Controlled Training Protocol and Proven Test Cases Bekeny, Katherine 2005

196


Dachman, Abraham Quantifying Polyp Distortion in 3Dimensional-360 degree Views in CT Colonography: Phantom and Clinical Evaluations Cipriani, Nicole 2005

Dachman, Abraham Sources for CTC false negative in a large clinical trial Doshi, Taral 2005

Dachman, Abraham Feasibility of CT Colonography Interpretation Based on Pseudo-Color Representatives Shah, Rajesh 2001

Dachman, Abraham CT Colonography: A Comparison of Volume Rendered, Surface Rendered, and Ray Sum Displays of the Colon Suh, William 1999

Dachman, Abraham Interactive CT Colography for the Detection of Colonic Neoplasm Kuniyoshi, Jeremy 1997

Dachman, Abraham & Yoshida, Hiro Cathardic Cleansing with Virtual Colonoscopy: A Necessary Burden Holdt, Adam 2004

Dachman, Abraham & Yoshida, Hiro Homogeneity Analysis of Fecal-Tagging Agent in CT Colonography Huang, Jocelin 2003

Funaki, Brian Timing of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement Henkle, Gregory 2001

Giger, Maryellen Computerized Characterization of Cancer on Breast Ultrasound and MRI McCann, Stephanie 2009

Giger, Maryellen Quantitative Analysis of Breast MRI in Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy Nguyen, Huan 2009

Giger, Maryellen Radiographic Texture Analysis in the Assessment of Osteoporosis Barker, Eric 2008

Giger, Maryellen Computer-Aided Diagnosis as a Radiologist Consult in the Interpretation of Mass Lesions on Breast Ultrasound Agarwal, Saurabh 2006

Giger, Maryellen Correlations Between Computer-Extracted Features and Radiologist Characterizations of Breast Lesions on Magnetic Resonance (MR) Images Chiang, Ken 2006

Giger, Maryellen Mammographic and MR Image Characteristics of Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer Lee, Jhee Un 2006

Giger, Maryellen Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Lesions on Multi-Modality Images of the Breast Ceballos, Alfredo 2001

Giger, Maryellen & Newstead, Gillian Computerized Multi-Modality Analysis of Breast Lesions Rusinak, David 2003

Jiang, Yulei Digital Image Analysis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma in H&E Sections Healy, Mark 2008

Jiang, Yulei Evaluation of Computer Aided Diagnosis for Assumed Benign Breast Calcifications Kadivar, Khadijeh 2004

Jiang, Yulei Computer Aided Diagnosis of Malignant and Benign vs Clustered Microcalcifications in Full-field Digital Mammograms Rana, Richard 2003

Jiang, Yulei Effect of Radiologists' Minimal Input on Computerized Classification of Malignant and Benign Clustered Microcalcifications in Mammograms Chen, Vicky 2002

Karczmar, Gregory Correction of Macroscopic Bo Inhomogeneities in HiSS MRS (High Spectral and Spatial Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Taylor, Jennifer 2003

Karczmar, Gregory Elucidate the feasibility of using MRI scanning techniques to determine if imaging can discern between stable and unstable carotid plaques Hodge, Shawn 1998

Levin, David Identify and test alternative methods of statistical processing of functional MRI signals Griggs, Weishen 1998

Lim-Dunham, Jennifer Establishment of a method to accurately detect septic from non-septic effusions Brenner, Darren 1998

Nishikawa, Robert Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Mammographic Detection of Breast Cancer Han, Laura 2004

Oto, Aytek Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Detect Disease Activity in Patients with Crohn’s Disease Williams, Joshua 2009

Roman, BrianThe use of Manganese-based contrast agent in magnetic resonance cardiac imaging and its effect on the cardiac cycle.

Dillion, Patrick 2006

Straus, Christopher M. Usefulness of Head CT in the Evaluation of Acute Vertigo/dizziness in the Emergency Department Lawhn Heath, Courtney 2011

Straus, Christopher Functional Imaging of Chronic Pain Levin, Daniel 2010

Straus, Christopher Are Lumbar Spine MRI findings predictive of response to Epidural Steroid Injections? Udawatta, Viyan 2010

Suzuki, Kenji Computerized Tumor Delineation for Quantitative Assessment of Metabolic Activity in PET Epstein, Mark 2010

Suzuki, Kenji Computerized Detection of Liver Lesions in Arterial Phase Hepatic CT Kohlbrenner, Ryan 2007

197


Surgery - Cardiothoracic Surgery

Akhter, Shahab GRK2 is a Novel Regulator of Oxidative Stress in Response to Chronic B Adrenergic Signaling Ludmer, Nicholas 2011

Akhter, Shahab The Role of GRK2 In Mechanical Stretch-Induced Cardiac Fibroblast Transformation and Extra-Cellular Matrix Synthesis Friedrich, Tyler 2011

Akhter, Shahab Regulation of Cardiac Fibroblast Collagen Synthesis and Ventricular Remodeling by G-Protein Coupled Receptor Kinase-2 Philip, Jennifer 2010

Jayakar, David Cool Reperfusate ameliorates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Isolated Working Rat Heart Avila, Desiderio 2000

Jayakar, David Mechanical Signal Transduction in Intact Human Saphenous Vein Lanahan, Jill 2000

Raman, Jai S1P and Myocardial Edema Strauss, David 2006

Surgery - General Surgery

Alverdy, John Adherence of Indigenous Escherichia Coli Perturb the Bioelectric Properties of Mouse Intestinal Epithelium Rocha, Flavio 1997

Alverdy, John Protective Effects of Tri-block Copolymers on In Vitro Models of Intestinal Barrier Function Edelstein, Adam 2009

Alverdy, John Use of Oral High Molecular Weight PEG to Prevent Disturbances in the Intestinal Microflora Following Surgical Stress Saper, David 2007

Angelos, Peter Long-term outcomes of endocrine surgery and patients’ comprehension of informed consent Narula, Nisha 2010

Angelos, Peter Peri-operative Decision Making in Endocrine Surgery Patients Agarwal, Shailesh 2007

Arenas, Richard APC Gene Therapy and COX-2 Inhibition in the Min Mouse Model Vargis, Lisa 1999

Arenas, Richard Gene replacement therapy in a murine model for colon cancer McClelland, Marc 1997

Byerley, Lauri The Story of My Rats' Fat Brixey, Clark 1999

Byerley, Lauri Substrate Utilization and Production in Tumor Cells Layman, Ralph 1998

Corey, Jacquelynne The Effects of Intranasal Steroids on the Variation in Nasal Congestion Wheeler, Sarahn 2006

Fichera, Alessandro Comparison of Laparoscopic & Open Resection Surgery for Rectal Cancer Coupet, Edouard 2009

Fichera, Alessandro Laparoscopic vs. Open Resection of the Large Bwel in Patients with Crohn's Colitis Malhotra, Gautam 2007

Fichera, Alessandro Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: How does it Compare to Sporadic Colorectal Cancer? Wagner, Eric 2007

Fichera, Alessandro Prospective Assesment of Functional Results After Laparoscopic Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis Restorative Proctocolectomy For Ulcerative Colitis Silvestri, Mark 2006

Fichera, Alessandro Indications for Laparoscopic Surgery in the Treatment ofChronic Ulcerative Colitis Elisseou, Nicholas 2005

Fichera, Alessandro Laparoscopic vs. Open Ileocolic Resection in Patients with Crohn's Disease Peng, Stephanie 2005

Guevara-Patiño, Jose Inducing Immunity to Melanoma through an Anti-Angiogenic DNA Vaccine Gandhi, Baiju 2005

Kaplan, Edwin Pheochromocytomas - Longer out of hospital preparation fosters shorter in hospital course and fewer complications Witteles, Ronald 1997

McKee, Mark Recognition of a Tumor Associated Antigen by CD8+ T Cells Activated by an Altered Peptide Dy-Johnson, Jessica 2007

Michelassi, Fabrizio Functional Outcomes of Side-to-Side Isoperistaltic Strictureplasty (SSIS) in the Treatment of Extensive Crohn's Disease Upadhyay, Gaurav 2003

Michelassi, Fabrizio Long-Term Functional Results Following Restorative Proctocolectomy with J-Pouch Heoanal Anastomosis John Lee, John 2002

Morowitz, MichaelJ. The Effect of the Intestinal Microenvironment on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence Nelson, Ryan 2010

Nishimura, Michael Improved Retroviral Vectors for Engineering T Cells to Recognize Human Melanoma Cells Brostrom, Valerie 2004

Nishimura, Michael Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Virulence Response to T-Cell Interferon Gamma Estrada, Oscar 2004

198


Nishimura, Michael T Cell Receptor Mediated Immunity to Cancer Antigens Kang, Lisa 2004

Nishimura, Michael Generation of CEA and AFP reactive CD8+ T cells by stimulation with peptide pulsed Dendritic Cells Hammond, Gmerice 2002

Nishimura, Michael The Impact of CD8 on Tumor Cell Recognition by High and Low Affinity TCRs Brasic, Natasha 2001

Nishimura, Michael Engineering Bifunctional CD8+ T Cells Using a Retroviral Vector Encoding a Fumor-Reactive T Cell Receptor Langerman, Alexander 2001

Prachand, Vivek Bariatric Surgery Procedure Selection as a Model for Analysis of Physician and Patient Medical Decision-Making Lee, Grace 2009

Prachand, Vivek Nutritional Deficiency in Super-Obese Patients following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Duodenal Switch Surgery Goetz, Celine 2008

Prachand, Vivek Payer Based Follow-up Trends in Patients with Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Duodenal Switch Surgery Smith, Bryan 2007

Prachand, Vivek The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Obesity-Related Comorbidities in Super-Obese Patients Ward, Marc 2006

Prachand, Vivek Gastric Bypass vs. Duodenal Switch for the Surgical Treatment of Super-Obesity. DaVee, Roy 2005

Roggin, Kevin An evaluation of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and 64-channel Computed Tomography (CT) in determining surgical resectability in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Zarling, Joel 2006

Shilyansky, Joel The Tumor Necrosis Factor Sensitivity on Tumor Growth in TNF-ά Deficient Mice Kim, Terrance 2000

Silverstein, Jonathan University of Chicago Operating Room Efficiency Study: A Workflow Perspective Puranik, Rohit 2007

Sugg, Sonia The Prognostic Value of Breast Cancer Patients of Internal Mammary Node Examination Using Immunohistochemistry Hyngstrom, John 2000

Surgery - Neurosurgery

Awad, Issam Complications of External Ventricular Drainage: A Systematic Review of the Literature for Benchmark Comparison with Ongoing Phase III Trial of Intraventricular Thrombolysis Riad, Fady 2011

Gupta, Nalin Morphological Study of U87 Glioma and HUVEC Cells in Co-Culture Khorasani, Leila 2000

Lesniak, Maciej Molecular Characterization of Glioma-Tropic Subpopulations of Human Neural Stem Cells Alexiades, Nikita 2010

Lesniak, Maciej The Migration of Neural Stem Cells Towards Glioma Stem Cells Beederman, Maureen 2010

Macdonald, R. Loch Role of Small Artery Narrowing in Cerebral Vasospasm Weyer, George 2006

Macdonald, R. Loch Expression Profile of Angiogenic Factors in non-embolized, non-irradiated AVMs: a Statistical Analysis Reilly, Christopher 2005

Macdonald, R. Loch An In Vitro Model of Artery and Vein Interaction Kruger-Callejas, Erwin 2002

Macdonald, R. Loch A Mouse Model of Acute Cerebral Vasospasm Boco, Tibor 2001

Macdonald, R. Loch Electroporation: a New Vector for the Delivery of Gene Therapy to Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Rosen, David 2000

Macdonald, R. Loch Investigations into the Physiology of Cerebral Vasospasm De Giovanni, GIna 1999

Macdonald, R. Loch Computer-based database to be used for retrospective and prospective collection of data on patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures Adedipe, Adeyinka 1998

Roitberg, Ben Effect of omental cells and NeoCytex MS-818 in a rodent model of spinal cord injury Gupta, Nina 2011

Yamini, Bakhtiar Haploinsufficiency in NF-kB p50 Tumor Suppressor Activity Nassiri, Ashley 2011

Yamini, Bakhtiar p50 (NF-kB1): A Key Component in Temezolomide Induced Cytotoxicity Voce, David 2009

Yamini, Bakhtiar Combination Temozolomide and NF-kB inhibitor in Cancer Treatment Arsoniadis, Elliot 2008

Yamini, Bakhtiar Convection Enhanced Delivery of PLGA/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for the Enhanced Treatment of Gliomas Carpenter, Shannon 2007

Yamini, Bakhtiar Treatment of Glioblastoma with Temozolomide and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Inhibitor In Vitro and in Murine Models Kulwin, Charles 2007

Yamini, Bakhtiar Inhibition of NF-kB by Temozolomide Involves ATR and Chk1 Shumway, Dean 2007

199


Yamini, Bakhtiar Evaluation of the role of bcl-2 in the Synergistic Interaction between TNFÎ± and Temozolomide Fenny, Nana Sarokah 2005

Yamini, Bakhtiar Combined use of Ad.Egr.TNF and Temozolomide in a Syngeneic Glioma Model Indacochea, Ricardo 2005

Yamini, Bakhtiar Radiation Induced Gene Therapy of Glioblastoma in an Orthotopic Murine Model Galanopolous, Nicholas 2004

Surgery - Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine

Draganich, Louis Effects of Total Knee Replacement on Obstacle Avoidance Success Mauer, Andreas 2002

Draganich, Louis The Effects of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis on Obstacle Avoidance Pandya, Nirav 2002

Draganich, Louis The Effects of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity on Tibiotalar Joint Contact Characteristics Friedman, Mark 1998

Draganich, Louis The effects of transection and reconstruction of the ulnar capsular structures on the metacarpalphalangeal joint laxity of the thumb during intrinsic and extrinsic muscle loading Greenspahn, Scott 1998

Draganich, Louis Measurement of the ability of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee to step over obstacles Kuo, Christina 1998

Draganich, Louis An Analysis and Comparison of Isometric Regions in the Intact and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Excised Knee Coan, Brian 1997

Draganich, Louis & Mass, Daniel Effects of Volar and Dorsoradial Ligaments on Thumb Opposition Coleman, Matthew 2004

Draganich, Louis & Manning, David Obstacle Avoidance in Patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty Ennen, William 2004

Draganich, Louis & Manning, David Effects of Knee Varus Alignment, Knee Laxity and Quadriceps Strength on the Ability to Step Over an Obstacle in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis Scharff, Katie 2004

Draganich, Louis & Manning, David The Effects of Painful Hip Osteoarthritis on Obstacle Avoidance Symons, William 2004

Finn, Henry The Finn Knee: Clinical Evaluation of a New Rotating Hinge Prosthesis Fowler, Timothy 1997

He, Tong-Chuan The Effect of Growth Hormone on BMP2-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation Statz, Joseph 2011

He, Tong-Chuan "Potential Synergistic Effect of BMP-2 and TGF-beta-3 on Induction of Chondrogenesis " Tomal, Justin 2011

He, Tong-Chuan S100A4 EF-hand protein promotes tumor growth of human osteosarcoma by inhibiting osteogenic differentiation Parekh, Akash 2011

He, Tong Chuan The Efficacy of the SOX Family of Transcription Factors in Promoting Chondrogenesis Lamplot, Joseph 2010

He, Tong Chuan Effects of BMP-9/-X pairs on Inducing Osteoblast Differentiation Broody, Barrett 2009

He, Tong Chuan Characterization of Potential Type I Receptors of BMP9 Signaling in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Petkovic, Djuro 2008

He, Tong-Chuan Bioinformatic Analysis of BMP9: Mechanisms of Activity and Implications for Stem-Cell Regulation Balch, Karl 2007

He, Tong-Chuan Osteosarcoma and the Effefts of Aberrant Runx2, Rb, or Id2 Expression on the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Garland, Michael 2007

He, Tong-Chuan Rold of Id Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins in BMP-9 Stimulated Bone Formation Nuse, Emily 2007

He, Tong-Chuan BMP-13 & TGFB-2 Gene Therapy Synergistically Increase Rat Achilles Tendon Tensile Strength Post-Injury Rastegar, Farbod 2007

He, Tong-Chuan Metastatic Resistance Following Transfection of Metastasis Suppressor Gene for Raf Kinase Protein Inhibitor in Osteosarcoma Cell Line 143B Bennett, Erwin 2005

He, Tong-Chuan Chondrogenic Inducing Activity of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Bullock, James 2005

He, Tong-Chuan BMPs: The Chondrogenic Profile Szatkowski, Jan 2002

He, Tong-Chuan Synergistic Effects of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) in Enhancing Bone Formation Activity Vanichakarn, Pantila 2002

He, Tong-Chuan A Novel Approach to Tetracycline Inducible Gene Expression Breyer, Benjamin 2000

Ho, Sherwin Potential Use of Sox9-Transduced Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Articular Cartilage Repair Kessler, Ross 2006

200


Ho, Sherwin Biomedical Testing of Patellar Tendon Graft Walker, Christina 2001

Ho, Sherwin Patellar TIM/Endon Morphology: Re-Evaluation for Improvement of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Repair Siew, David 1999

Ho, Sherwin Petellar TIM/Endon Morphology: A Reevaluation of Central Third ACL Graft Size, Strength, and Harvesting Techniques Hinck, Rebecca 1998

Manning, David Adenoviral BMP-Induced Osteoblastogenesis in C3H10 Mice Pluripotent Stem Cells Chaudhary, Ahmed 2006

Manning, David Synergistic Properties of BMPs (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins) Southgate, Richard 2006

Martell, John Performance of electron beam irradiated cross-linked polyethylene at a mean follow up of 4 years Reddy, Deepak 2005

Martell, John Determination of Polyethylene Wear in Total Hip Replacements with Use of Digital Radiographs Ellis, Robert 2004

Martell, John Radiographic Texture Analysis: A Novel Approach to Early Detection of Periprosthetic Osteolysis in Total Hip Arthroplasty Pfanzelter, Nicklas 2004

Martell, John Prediction of Bone Strength Using Clinical Imaging and Densitometry Cooper, Laura 2000

Mass, Daniel In Vivo Growth Factor Expression in Rat Achilles Tendon After Laceration Skjong, Christian 2006

Mass, Daniel Effects of Pulley Site Location on the Kinematics of Thumb Opposition Gooden, Kellee 2002

Mass, Daniel Effects of Two Screw Techniques on Scapholunate Stabilization Tolhurst, Stephen 2002

Mass, Daniel Distal Biceps Ruptures: Comparision of Flexion Restoration for Two Surgical Techniques Seibert, Nicholas 2001

Mass, Daniel Distal biceps ruptures; A comparison of supination restoration for two surgical techniques Morishige, Mark 2000

Mass, Daniel Design and implementation of an experiment studying the flexor tendon of the hand Pellegrini, James 1998

Mass, Daniel The Efficiency of Reconstructed Flexor TIM/Endons in Zone II in Human Cadavers Swanson, Andrew 1997

Phillips, Craig Elbow Instability in Complex Osseous and Ligamentous Injury Matzon, Jonas 2001

Reider, Bruce The Prevalence of Meniscal Tears and the Clinical Course in Patients Age 35-55 with Medial Joint Line Tenderness and Normal Radiographs Rimington, Todd 2002

Reider, Bruce Self Adjustable Valgus Bracing in Medical Compartment Osteoarthritis Basu, Pat 2001

Reider, Bruce Propreoception of the Knee Before and After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Palm, Melanie 2000

Reider, Bruce Efficacy of Conservative Treatment for Patients Who Present with Medial Joint Line Pain and Tenderness, No History of Traumatic Injury, Normal X-Ray and No MRI Visualization of Meniscus Tears Santeler, Scott 1999

Reider, Bruce Proprioception of knee before and after ACL reconstruction; home vs formal Rx of impingement syndrome Zeikus, Eric 1998

Reider, Bruce Proprioception of the Knee Before and After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery Williams, Amy 1997

Terry, Michael Management of Early Hip Osteoarthritis with Mechanical Symptoms: The Efficacy of Treatment with Arthroscopic Intervention Kazi, Shahnaz 2007

Surgery - Otolaryngology

Blair, Elizabeth Analysis of Salivary Gland Tumors Treated at the University of Chicago Choo, Kevin 2010

Blair, Elizabeth Health Disparities in Head and Neck Cancer Patients on or off Clinical Trials at the University of Chicago Hensley, Lauren 2009

Blair, Elizabeth A Retrospective Review of Major Salivary Gland Malignancies Treated at the University of Chicago Medical Center Knollman, Philip 2009

Blair, Elizabeth Diagnosing Sjogren's Syndrome: The Utility of the Labial Minor Salivary Gland Biopsy Bamba, Ravinder 2007

Pinto, Jayant Effects of Allergic Rhinitis on the Sinonasal Microbiome: A Pilot Study Choi, Christopher 2011

Pinto, Jayant Development of a Novel Tool for Measuring Upper Airway Inflammation: 3D Computer Imaging Analysis Garneau, Jonathan 2011

Pinto, Jayant A Randomized, Double-blind Clinical Trial of Anti-IgE for Chronic Rhinosinusitis Mehta, Neil 2008

201


Pinto, Jayant Regulatory T Cell Indicators in Nasal Polyposis Neuwirth, Samantha 2008

Pinto, Jayant Olfactory Dysfunction & Sesonal Allergic Rhinitis Jeswani, Seema 2007

Surgery - Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Gurtner, Geoffrey Hypoxia Responsive Transcriptional Activation of Stromal-Cell Derived Factor 1 is Mediated by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Kulkarni, Anita 2003

Lee, Raphael Linking T2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Protein Denaturation and Aggregation Kulwin, Robert 2011

Lee, Raphael Protective Effect of Poloxamer 188 Against DNA Damage Aliaga, Leonardo 2008

Lee, Raphael Critical Period for Poloxamer 188 Administration in Skeletal Muscle Repair Following Electroporation Soneru, Alexander 2008

Lee, Raphael The Effect of Cutting Edge Sharpness on the Healing of Skin Incisions Chioffe, Michael 2005

Lee, Raphael The effects of Poloxamer-188 on cell cycle events following induced hyperthermic stress Kiggns, Danielle 2005

Lee, Raphael The Effects of Poloxamer 188 on Thermal Stability of Proteins: A Calorimetric Study Kuo, Annie 2003

Lee, Raphael Resorting Membrane Integrity After Detergent Mediated Lysis Stratil, Peter 2001

Lee, Raphael Refractory Period Spectral Analysis: A Computational Model of the Median Nerve Mullings, Kami 2000

Lee, Raphael The Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species Upon Electropermeabilization of Skeletal Muscle Cells Ehrhardt, Jonathan 1999

Reid, Russell Investigation of the Effects of Combined Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and Bone Morphogenetic Protein Exposure on Osteoprogenitor Cells Chenard, Kristofer 2011

Reid, Russell Effects of Adenoviral Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 & -9 in Healing Large Calvarial Defects in Mice Hussain, Haroon 2009

Reid, Russell Craniosynostosis and the TRANCE-RANK-OPG Axis: Exploring the Modulatory Effects of RANK and OPG on Suture Fusion Zhong, Ming 2009

Reid, Russell Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Teven, Chad 2008

Reid, Russell Osteogenic Capacity of Bone Precursor Cells Transduced with Human Telomerase and BMP-9 Mou, Shanshan 2007

Song, David Sartorius Myoplasty for the Management of Complex Groin Wounds: An Anatomical and Clinical Study Chao, Albert 2002

Song, David Sternal Plating and it's Effect on Post-Operative Mediastinitis Lee, Daniel 2001

Surgery - Research

Goss, Kathleen H. The Role of the APC Tumor Suppressor in Mammary Epithelial Morphogenesis Schwertner, Adam 2011

Goss, Kathleen Loss of the APC Tumor Suppressor Alters Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion Odenwald, Matthew 2010

Goss, Kathleen Impact of Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) Loss on the Therapeutic Response of Colon and Breast Cancer Cells Remo, Mylene 2008

Matlin, Karl Controlling Epithelial Morphogenesis With Laminins: Polarization Cues From Adhesive Interactions Rudnicki, Jean 2010

Surgery - Transplant Surgery

Cronin, David Split Liver Transplantation Between Adults: Does the Need Justify the Risk? Collins, Megan 2002

Newell, Kenneth Costimulatory Pathway Blockade in CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Mediated Allograft Rejection Poston, Jason 1999

Newell, Kenneth Investigation of the mechanism by which nonclonal antibody treatment inhibits acute allograft rejection Bush, Jocelyn 1998

Testa, Giuliano Living Kidney Donation in the Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patient: A Risk Model Parker, William 2009

Thistlethwaite, J. Richard Investigation of the mechanism by which T cell costimulation participates in acute allograft rejection Robinson, Joshua 1998

Surgery - Urology

202


Bales, Gregory Factors Affecting Delirium in Older Patients Undergoing Cystectomy: A Pilot Study Reichard, Chad 2008

Bales, Gregory Post Prostatectomy Incontinence: Variations in the Use of an Artificial Urinary Sphincter Patel, Riddhi 2006

Brendler, Charles Omega 3 and Omega 6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and Prostate Cancer Risk in Jamaican Males Ritch, Chad 2002

Eggener, Scott Impact of Warm vs. Cold Ischemia On Renal Function Following Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Kidney Cancer Clark, Melanie 2009

Eggener, Scott Patterns and Predictors of PSA-Based Prostate Cancer Screening Among Elderly Men in the United States Drazer, Michael 2009

Gundeti, Mohan Is routine retrograde pyelography necessary prior to pediatric pyeloplasty: A single institution retrospective analysis Mader, Thomas 2010

Gundeti, Mohan Urological Outcomes in Children who Underwent Tethered Cord Release Esposito, Domenic 2009

Rinker-Schaeffer, Carrie Functional Characterization of Prostate Cancer Metastasis Supressor Gene, KAI-1 Kauffman, Eric 2000

Rinker-Schaeffer, Carrie Selection for Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in a Rat Prostate Cancer Model Raviv-Rubenstein, Stacy 1999

Rinker-Schaeffer, Carrie Narrow the 70 cM region on human chromosome and positionally clone the gene(s) involved in metastasis supression Chen, Stephen 1998

Rinker-Schaeffer, Carrie & Sokoloff, Mitchell Exploiting Activated Complement as a Target for Immunotherapy Bigelow, Kevin 1999

Sokoloff, Michael Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in African-American Men with Prostate Cancer Starks, Christopher 2004

Surgery - Vascular Surgery

Bassiouny, Hishem Hemodynamic Therapy in Peripheral Arterial Disease Nguyen, Trang 2004

Bassiouny, Hishem Biomechanical Regulation of Platelet Activation in Post-Interventional Vascular Intimal Hyperplasia Sardesai , Mahesh 1999

Bassiouny, Hishem The influence of critical stenosis location in the carotid artery in relation to plaque stability and morphology DeVito, Michelle 1998

Bassiouny, Hishem Accuracy Assessment of Duplex Ultrasound Using Pathologic Specimens Rather than Angiography as the "Gold Standard" Lyon, Mark 1998

Bassiouny, Hishem Influence of carotid plaque location on stability Todd, Michael 1998

Desai, Tina Gender Does Not Influence Iliac Angioplasty Outcome Orr, Justin 2000

Gewertz, Bruce Interleukin-6 Causes Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction via the Protein Kinase C Pathway Tepper, Joshua 2001

Gewertz, Bruce Preconditioning in the Endothelium Leeper, Nickolas 2000

Gewertz, Bruce Alteration of IM/Endothelial Barrier Function During Hypoxia is Mediated by Interleukin-6 Ali, Mir 1997

Gewertz, Bruce Induction of IM/Endothelial Cell E-selectin expression in Response to Hypoxia Gupta, Vandana 1997

McKinsey, James Inhibition of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Associated with Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Brooks, April 1999

Schwartz, Lewis Herpes Simplex Virus-Medicated Gene Transfer in Vascular Tissue Hari, Danielle 2000

Schwartz, Lewis Linearity of Lonngitudinal Impedance (ZL) as a Measure of Conduit-Specific Resistance Farmer, Amy 1999

Schwartz, Lewis Gene therapy and vein graft induced vascular smooth muscle cell neointimal hyperplasia Refai, Daniel 1998

**Please note that this list is intended to be a cumulative record of the research experience held by our students illustrating the many types of research opportunities offered. Thus, not all mentors or research projects are available this year. Please check active projects listed in the book.

I n d e xS c h o l a r s h i p & D i s c o v e r yB a s i c S c i e n c e s 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28,

29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 67, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 104, 106, 108, 109, 111, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 135, 136, 140, 141, 145, 147, 150, 152, 156, 166

C l i n i c a l S c i e n c e s 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 20, 22, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 37, 39,

41, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 86, 88, 90, 91, 94, 100, 101, 104, 105, 110, 112, 113, 114, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 166

C o m m u n i t y H e a l t h v, 10, 11, 20, 38, 41, 42, 43, 47, 55, 64, 65, 70,

100, 101, 110, 113, 143, 147, 153, 166G l o b a l H e a l t h i, v, 10, 11, 50, 53, 55, 63, 64, 65, 70, 95, 133, 166M e d i c a l E d u c a t i o n iv, v, 7, 8, 20, 22, 23, 37, 39, 47, 55, 58, 59, 62,

64, 65, 93, 99, 100, 123, 156, 166Q u a l i t y / S a f e t y 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 20, 22, 23, 34, 37, 39, 43, 44, 45,

57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 100, 110, 132, 136, 137, 138, 143, 145, 148, 149, 166

S o c i a l S c i e n c e s 7, 8, 12, 20, 23, 37, 39, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 51, 53,

55, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 70, 78, 86, 100, 105, 112, 113, 114, 121, 132, 138, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, 149, 166

N I H M i s s i o n

A g i n g 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

B l o o d 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128,

129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

D i a b e t e s 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

D i g e s t i v e D i s e a s e s 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

H e a r t 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

K i d n e y s 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,36,37,38,39,41,43,44,45,46,47,48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

L u n g s 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

N e u r o l o g y 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26,

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 149, 152, 154, 155, 156, 166

“At the University of Chicago, in an atmosphere of interdisciplinary scholarship and discovery, the Pritzker School of Medicine is dedicated to inspiring diverse students of exceptional promise to become leaders and innovators in science and

medicine for the betterment of humanity.”

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