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The Winter 2011 edition of the Subspace Communicator. Editor-in-Chief: CAPT Joshua Andrews.
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OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF STARFLEET'S REGION FOUR!
2012!2012!
INSIDE THIS ISSUEINSIDE THIS ISSUER4CON Report!R4CON Report!
Brigade News!Brigade News!Warp Theory for Dummies!Warp Theory for Dummies!ATR: STAR TREK LIVE!ATR: STAR TREK LIVE!
The Darby Serves the Empire!The Darby Serves the Empire!Cyndi Dallas gets Married!Cyndi Dallas gets Married!
Regional Awards Announced! Regional Awards Announced!
WINTER EDITION
VOLUME 22 – ISSUE 5
We are on the Web at
http://www.region4.org
HAVE A HAPPY NEW YEAR!HAVE A HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Region 4 and STARFLEET holds no claims to anything owned by Paramount or CBS Studios, Inc. STAR TREK and all related Marks, Logos and Any content from Star Trek including still images and character names is the property of Paramount Pictures Corporation and/or CBS Studios, Inc. and no infringement is intended. STARFLEET The International Star Trek Fan
Association, Inc. operates as a non-profit fan club and is committed to promoting Star Trek. The contents of this publication are Copyright © 2012 Region 4 of STARLEET, The International Star Trek Fan Association, Inc. and/or the original authors. All rights reserved. This Publication is intended only for the use of our members. No portion of this document
may be copied or republished in any way or form without the written consent of the author or the Office of Chief of Communications of Region 4, STARFLEET.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
8BRIGADE NEWS
1014
THE LIGHT WARS
15STAR TREK LIVE
3 THE CENTER SEAT
46
BETWEEN THE BYLINES
7 AWAY TEAM REPORT
STAR TREK was created by Gene Roddenberry
DUE DATESSpring Issue Summer Issue
Feb 15th May 15th Autumn Issue Winter Issue
Aug 15th Nov 15th
www.region4.org
WINTER 2011 EDITION: VOLUME 22, ISSUE 5
PUBLISHER EDITOR IN CHIEF
Chrissy Killian Joshua L. AndrewsSubspace Communicator is a Publication of Region 4 of STARFLEET, The International Star Trek Fan Association, Inc.
Send submissions via e-mail to: [email protected]
WARP THEORY LOVE IN THE AIR
COVER: ISS WILLIAM O. DARBY, PHOTO ILLUSTRATION BY JON LANE, USS ANGELES
www.FLEETCHAT.orgVice A
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FROM THE CENTER SEATGreetings from Region 4 Headquarters. I want to say thank you to everyone who attended the Region 4 Conference. I know I had a good time making some new friends and seeing some old friends.
I also want to say thank you to Joshua Andrews and the crew of the USS Sandstorm for hosting a great conference.
In addition, the USS Sandstorm launched at the Region 4 Conference. Congratulations once again to the crew of the USS Sandstorm.
Congratulations to the Region 4 Awards winners and thank you to all the members who submitted award nominations. These are the nominations that went forward to STARFLEET for the International Awards. We had something like 18 nominations which was more than what we have gotten in past years. So once again, thank you to all members who submitted nominations. The Region 4 Award winners are:
Commanding Officer of the Year - Captain Alvin Rupp of the USS Onizuka. Officer of the Year - Commander Stacy Levesque, of the USS Karme. Flag Officer of the Year - Rear Admiral Jon Lane of the USS Angeles. Enlisted Person of the Year - Karen Hoagland of the USS Angeles. Junior Member of the Year - Jonathan Williams of the USS Karme. Chapter of the Year - ISS Pegasus. Mothership of the Year - USS Angeles. Shakedown Chapter of the Year – USS Karme.
Remember Region 4 is still looking for an Awards Officer. Deadline for submitting a resume is December 31, 2011.
I want to thank all CO, XO and others for getting their MSRs in. We have been 100% 5 out of the last 6 months.
This is all for now. Have a safe and happy holiday season!
Chrissy
SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR 3
vWHERE EVERY LIFEFORM KNOWS YOUR NICK!
SHAWNJIPP
(USS SANDSTORM)(USS SANDSTORM)
Promoted toLT COMMANDER
ROBYNJIPP
(USS SANDSTORM)(USS SANDSTORM)
Promoted toLIEUTENANT
CONGRATULATIONS!
PROMOTIONSPROMOTIONSFLEONA
DYSAST'AR(ISS WILLIAM O. DARBY)(ISS WILLIAM O. DARBY)
Promoted toMAJOR GENERAL
By order of
STARFLEET
JON SUNG(USS LOMA PRIETA)(USS LOMA PRIETA)
Promoted toLT COMMANDER
Greetings Region 4!This is it! The 2011 Winter Edition of the
Subspace Communicator!This issue marks one
year since I took over as Regional Chief of Communications and for this anniversary, I am rolling out a new look as you have seen.
The Regional Conference did very well. Though we did not have the large turn out we were expecting because of the economy. It is very sad, but those who did attend had loads of fun.
The Trivia Contest was a huge success and resulted in The Combined team of the ISS Pegasus/USS Gygax in winning.
Stephen Manley, the guy who played Spock as a Teen in STAR TREK III, was on hand to answer a few questions and enjoyed talking with everyone after the dinner.
Captain J
oshua L
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BETWEEN THE BYLINES
Something to Sell?Looking for Something Special?
Something you Want?Use the... REGION 4 CLASSIFIEDS!
Send to [email protected]
~ TOP TEN ~Awe Inspiring American Monuments
* p
er Y
aho
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Tra
vel
10. Statue of Liberty (New York City, NY)
9. Millennium Park (Chicago, IL)
8. Grand Canyon Skywalk (Tusayan, AZ)
7. Gateway Arch (St. Louis, MO)
6. Las Vegas Strip (Las Vegas, NV)
5. French Quarter (New Orleans, LA)
4. Mount Rushmore (Keystone, SD)
3. Hollywood Walk of Fame (LA, CA)
2. Hoover Dam (Boulder City, NV)
1. Golden Gate Bridge (San Francisco, CA)
Current Balance
$ 289.55
4 SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR
Articles, artwork, stories and other submissions make this the great publication that it is. Let us keep the Subspace Communicator this great by sending in those great things. Keep them Coming!
New dates for submissions to this newsletter. Submissions are now due by the 15th of February, May, August and November.
Well that's all from Me. Cya in 90!
~~ Joshua
- Regional Awards Director
To Apply or for more Info:Contact Chrissy Killian
NO
W H
IRIN
GThe Piggy Bank
WIKIPEDIA
STAR TREK
GOT PICS?
Send them to SC,[email protected]
Send them Today!
Captain B
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CHAP O'THE YEAR! YOU LIKE US!
YOU REALLY LIKE US!!
That was the reaction of the crew of the I.S.S. Pegasus when informed that our club had won the Chapter of the Year award from Region IV. We would like to thank the academy – we mean STARFLEET - for making this happen. All kidding aside, we have accomplished a lot this yearin terms of community service and are grateful to our commanding officer and crew for making this happen. Hail the Empire!
The crew of the I.S.S. Pegasus would also like to thank the members of the USSSandstorm for hosting a terrific Region IV convention. You folks did a great job and the triviacontest was a blast. We have to thank the USS Gygax for the fabulous assists. You’d make agreat addition to the Empire!Our thanks also go to the
SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR 5
Region IV command staff for considering our Nomination. Thank you for actually looking at the work we’ve done, not just the noise we make.
We’d also like to extend our congratulation to the I.S.S William O’Darby. You’ll love the mirror from this side!
Speaking of noise, we are scrambling to send an away mission to the STARFLEETInternational Conference. Just in case the shuttle breaksdown, we are all getting manicures so we’ll look good while thumbing a ride!
Once again, remember, good dental checkups and Hail the Empire!
Respectfully submitted,
Captain Betty SchreurX.O., I.S.S. PegasusDepartment of Public Relations
AWARDSCO of the Year
Alvin Rupp(USS ONIZUKA)
Officer of the YearStacy Levesque
(USS KARME)
Flag Officer of the YearJon Lane
(USS ANGELES)
Enlisted Person of the YearKaren Hoagland(USS ANGELES)
Junior Member of the YearJonathan Williams
(USS Karme)
Chapter of the YearISS Pegasus!
Mothership of the YearUSS Angeles!
Shakedown Chapter of the Year
USS Karme!
If you’ve ever watched a rerun of Star Trek and wondered what the crew of the Enterprise means when they say they’re traveling at “warp speed,” then this is the article for you: an explanation of the theory behind warp drive.
The galaxy’s a big place. In fact, just going from one star to the next involves distances so great they break the mind. Take our sun, for example: our closest neighbor is a star called Alpha Centauri. It’s 4.4 light years away. A light year, by the way, is the distance a beam of light covers in the span of a year (keep in mind that light travels 186,000 miles in one second), which means the 4.4 light year distance to Alpha Centauri translates to 25.81 trillion miles, equivalent to going around the world a billion times. Yes, a billion. And that’s our closest neighbor!
So if you’re going to make a TV show where people fly around in a starship having adventures in different solar systems, the ship should probably have some way of traveling faster than light in order to make the show exciting. Let’s say you want it to be plausible — not 100% true-to-life documentary-quality accurate, but it should at least be sort of believable. It’s a good goal, right?
There are a couple of problems with trying to travel faster than light:
The laws of physics. Technically speaking, light’s the fastest thing there is, which makes lightspeed the speed limit of the universe. Nothing can go faster than light. It’s the law!
Energy. A rocket engine, the best kind of engine we currently know how to build, works by creating thrust: it makes a controlled explosion whose force is vectored out the end of the rocket, making it move. But rockets can be inefficient: the rocket engines needed to make a single space shuttle go fast enough to escape the pull of Earth’s gravity are huge, noisy, and messy, and they don’t go anywhere near lightspeed. Think about how fast light travels: how would you build a rocket big enough to push something that fast? Where would you put all the fuel? The design
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48 WARP THEORY FOR DUMMIES
challenges are immense, even for a TV show.
Relativity. The short version goes like this: Einstein’s theory of relativity states that the closer you move toward lightspeed, the slower time will move for you. Say you get on a ship and I stay here on Earth. Your ship somehow manages to get close to lightspeed while you’re looking at your watch, and you count ten seconds before the ship comes to a halt. Ten seconds passed on your watch, but on mine at home, a year went by. We celebrated my birthday, somebody had a kid, and a whole season of Parks & Rec came and went while you counted off those ten seconds on your ship! The relativity problem makes faster-than-light travel a little weird, to say the least. If you want to make a TV show about a starship, not time travel, you’ve got to find a way around relativity.
On Star Trek they have warp drive. That’s not a name they chose at random. The Enterprise doesn’t use rockets; its engines don’t create thrust or leave a trail of exhaust. Two basic things make warp drive work:
Magical TV sci-fi technology that bends the fabric of space. The universal truth that objects that are twisted up will always try to untwist themselves naturally — crumple up a sheet of parchment paper and watch it relax, for instance. Warp drive literally warps the fabric of space to propel a ship faster than it should legally be allowed to go.
Imagine a football. Now dip it in some lard or engine grease (or both, why not). What would happen if you tried to grab it? The football would squirt out of your grip: the act of trying to close your hands on its tail end causes it to pop out of your clutches.
That’s what the engines on the Enterprise do. They put out a “warp field” that bends the fabric of space, creating a kind of bubble of twisted space around the ship that’s like a giant greased-up football. That’s the first thing in action. The second thing (objects that
(objects that are twisted up always try to untwist themselves) comes into play immediately thereafter: the fabric of space is always trying to untwist itself around the warp bubble, which is shaped in such a way that the untwisting closes on its tail end, squirting the ship forward.
And since they’re doing it by warping space itself, they don’t have to play by its speed limit: the Enterprise can move faster than light. Much faster, as it turns out: the top speed of the Enterprise on Star Trek: TNG is about 1500x lightspeed.
This is also how they get around the relativity problem: inside the warp field bubble, time moves at the usual rate because technically speaking, the ship isn’t actually moving — space is warping around it, making it move.
That’s the theory behind warp drive. According to quantum physicists, it’s apparently mathematically sound. The trouble is that nobody knows how to actually do that first thing: how to make that warp field bubble. The technology, if it even exists, is way beyond us, at least for the moment. But at least we can imagine how it would work, and that’s pretty cool, too.
Warp Drive Explained: How Starships Move Faster Than Light
6 SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR
ATR: AWAY TEAM REPORT
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SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR 7
[October 9th]
Away Team Report: (2011.1009) Fleet Week 2011 - The Blue Angels and the USS Bonhomme Richard
As the headquarters of Starfleet Command, San Francisco is also naturally home to one of the most extravagant of annual Fleet Week celebrations. While the USS Loma Prieta itself was not featured amongst the ships on display, our crew did send a rather sizable delegation to the festivities.
After beginning the mission with a minor transporter accident that scattered our away team across the Embarcadero waterfront, we regrouped at Pier 30. Anchored there was the USS Bonhomme Richard, an amphibious assault carrier capable of launching a wide variety of aircraft, from helicopters to Harrier jets, as well as amphibious Marine landing vehicles.
The crew of the USS Bonhomme Richard was friendly and informative, showcasing the latest in military hardware from armored personnel carriers, attack helicopters, and even the advanced V-22 Osprey. But it wasn’t just vehicles that were being showcased. There was some surprisingly advanced technology on display, including pre-Soong android technology in the form remote controlled ordinance disposal robots, and even an airborne surveillance drone.
After disembarking the Bonhomme Richard, our away team attempted to seek out a spot to best observe the Blue Angels air show. Unfortunately, after making a few aerobatic passes that could easily rival Nova Squadron, the show was cut short after atmospheric anomalies (ie: clouds) were detected. Hopefully, our crew will be able to witness the full performance at Fleet Week 2012. Perkins out.
~Cmdr. Zach PerkinsCommanding OfficerUSS Loma PrietaStarfleet, Region 4USS Carl Vinson in the Distance
Away Team Arrives at USS Bonhomme Richard
Cmdr. Perkins poses with a Huey
The Away Team!
OIC: BGN Cynthia TempleEmail: [email protected]: Cadet SSGT Robert A.N. TempleEmail: [email protected]
OIC: COL James C. Jones IIEmail: [email protected]
OIC: LGN James W. MonroeEmail: [email protected]: BGN Fleona Dysast'arEmail: [email protected]
NCOIC: SMAJ Keith ManleyEmail: [email protected]: COL J.L. Andrews, SFMCREmail: [email protected]
OIC: BGN Fleona Dysast'arEmail: [email protected]: COL James C. Jones IIEmail: [email protected]
Fourth Brigade
much as possible in containers, or a hole dug in the ground lined with something to keep it from soaking into the soil. Be suspicious of any pool with no green vegetation growing around it, or if it has animal bones present. Always boil the water from pools, 15 minutes is a good time for that. As far as dew collection you can use clothes to soak it up, wrap clean cloths around your legs and walk through it then wring them out or suck on them, or just lick the surface. You need to be careful about licking dew off of plants unless you know what that plant is though.
One of the most interesting things I found in survival training was condensation. Because of that in my bug out bag (BOB) I keep one gallon freezer bags and tie wraps. The basic principle is to wrap green vegetation in the plastic and have a low point that will collect the
4THBDECOM
1st
MSG
20th
MSG
32nd
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MSG
As promised here is part two of my really basic survival guide. This time it’s water I’m going to talk about. Humans can live for up to three weeks without food, some of us like your old Sergeant Major can go a little longer than that. But you can only go three days without water, so after exposure dehydration will kill you first.
Obviously the first place you would look would be where water naturally drains or collects like streams or pools near valley bottoms. If there are no obvious streams or pools look for patches of green vegetation and try digging there.
Next would be rain and dew. Despite acid rain produced in some countries which causes a buildup of pollution in the soil rainwater everywhere is drinkable and only needs to be collected. Collect as
SMAJ's Survival Guide (part 2)BRI G
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8 SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR
7th
MSGOIC: LTC John MadonEmail: [email protected]
condensation. The other way is a solar still. You dig a hole in the ground about 3 feet across and 18 inches deep. Put a collection device (cup, can, etc) in the bottom then cover the hole with plastic formed into a cone by putting a small pebble in the center. This will guide all the condensation into the center and drip it into the collection device. An added benefit is it might attract small insects or snakes that are a good source of protein.
One more thing, mammals, birds and insects, especially bees, are a good indication wateris nearby.
That’s all for this time. Next will be a little about food.
That is all,
Your Sergeant Majorg
Greetings Marines! The Mini-Muster held at the Regional Conference in October was a great success, due not only to the attendance of the Marines, but also of Fleet personnel. Every member who was there for the Regional program, stayed on for the Muster. I had planned just to speak with the Marines about what we'd done over the past year and ask for feedback about what they'd like to see happen in the upcoming one. While that was accomplished, I also had the opportunity to address questions and concerns from the Fleet side. My thanks to all who participated. Insight on Marine operations in the Region and 'FLEET was gained on both sides and overall communication, was improved.
The 4th Brigade currently has five active units (below) and a total of 36 Marines. (33 Active, 3 Reserve) 1st MSG, U.S.S. Centurion; 7th MSG U.S.S. Sandstorm; 20th MSG U.S.S. Gygax; 32nd MSG U.S.S. Angeles; 75th MSG I.S.S. William O. Darby The Conference was a wonderful way to show what we can achieve when we work together and I'm personally very excited to see how we can build on the foundation we created there, in the upcoming year. MGN Fleona Dysast'ar4th Brigade, Officer in Charge
The MGN'S PADD
On November 10th 1775 by order of the Second Continental Congress Captain Samuel Nicholas beganthe formation of 2 battalions of Marines. They began their recruiting on that date in Tun Tavern inPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. This is the date celebrated as the birthday of the United States Marine Corps. Since they were founded that day, in a bar, they have consistently given their lives for the rest of us, a debt that can never be repaid. This is their 236th birthday and so I say Semper Fi, Happy Birthday and may there be many more.
Keith ManleySMAJ SFMC4th BDE SMAJ7th MSG OIC
U.S. Marine Corps Hymn (Marine Hymn)
From the Halls of MontezumaTo the Shores of Tripoli;
We fight our country's battlesIn the air, on land and sea;
First to fight for right and freedomAnd to keep our honor clean;
We are proud to claim the titleof United States Marine.
Our flag's unfurled to every breezeFrom dawn to setting sun;
We have fought in ev'ry clime and placeWhere we could take a gun;
In the snow of far-off Northern landsAnd in sunny tropic scenes;
You will find us always on the job--The United States Marines.
Here's health to you and to our CorpsWhich we are proud to serve
In many a strife we've fought for lifeAnd never lost our nerve;If the Army and the Navy
Ever look on Heaven's scenes;They will find the streets are guarded
By United States Marines.
g
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USMC Birthday!
LOOKING FOR...
Email Them To: [email protected]
INSTITUTE OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS
College of Down Under
Director: COMM Jayden Tyronian,[email protected]/- 9499 Brayton Dr. #122Anchorage, AK 99507-4025
School of Australia (SAU)
AUS101 - Flags of AustraliaAUS102 - States of AustraliaAUS103 - Geography of AustraliaAUS104 - Government of AustraliaAUS105 - Landmarks of Australia
School of New Zealand (SNZ)
NZL101 - Flags of New ZealandNZL102 - Islands of New ZealandNZL103 - Geography of New ZealandNZL104 - Government of New ZealandNZL105 - Landmarks of New Zealand
ACADEMY FOCUS
Join Your Friends at
www.fleetchat.orgWhere Every Lifeform
Knows Your Nick!
To Request a Course Warp on over to...http://acad.sfi.org/courses/courserequest.php
SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR 9
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2704THE LIGHT WARS
10 SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR
INCANDESCENT LIGHTING
The incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe makes light by heating a metal filament wire to a high temperature until it glows. The hot filament is protected from air by a glass bulb that is filled with inert gas or evacuated. In a halogen lamp, a chemical process returns metal to the filament, extending its life. The light bulb is supplied with electrical current by feed-through terminals or wires embedded in the glass.
Incandescent light bulbs require no external regulating equipment, have low manufacturing costs, and work equally well on either alternating current or direct current. As a result, the incandescent lamp is widely used in household and commercial lighting, for portable lighting such as table lamps, car headlamps, and
flashlights, and for decorative and advertising lighting. One of the drawbacks is that the glass bulb of a general service lamp can reach temperatures between 200 and 260 °C (392 and 500 °F). (Note: Easy Bake Oven Heat Source!)
In addressing the question of who invented the incandescent lamp, historians Robert Friedel and Paul Israel[3] list 22 inventors of incandescent lamps prior to Joseph Swan (1879) and Thomas Edison (1880). They conclude that Edison's version was able to outstrip the others because of a combination of three factors: an effective incandescent material, a higher vacuum than others were able to achieve (by use of the Sprengel pump ) and a high resistance that made power distribution from a centralized source economically viable.
FLUORESCENT LIGHTING
Fluorescent lamps come in all shapes and sizes, but they all work on the same basic principle: An electric current stimulates mercury atoms, which causes them to release ultraviolet photons. These photons in turn stimulate a phosphor, which emits visible light photons. At the most basic level, that's all there is to it!
A fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more efficiently than an incandescent lamp. Lower energy cost typically offsets the higher initial cost of the lamp. The lamp fixture is more costly because it requires a ballast to regulate the current through the lamp. While larger fluorescent lamps have been mostly used in commercial or institutional buildings, the compact fluorescent lamp is now available in the same popular sizes as incandescents and is used as an energy-saving alternative in homes. The United States Environmental Protection Agency classifies fluorescent lamps as hazardous waste, and recommends that they be segregated from general waste for recycling or safe disposal.[3]
General Electric introduced the first Fluorescent lighting fixture at the 1939 World Fair in New York. Edward E. Hammer (Engineer at GE) later invented the first compact fluorescent light bulb in 1976, but due to the difficulty of the manufacturing process for coating the interior of the spiral glass tube, GE did not manufacture or sell the device. In 1980, Philips became the first manufacturer to mass-produce a compact fluorescent bulb with a screw-in base. Philips Lighting has ceased research on compact fluorescents, and is devoting the bulk of its research and development budget, 5 percent of the company's global lighting revenue, to solid-state lighting.[9]
Over the last 30+ years, the technology has continued to improve. Today’s CFL is smaller, produces more light per watt, warms up more quickly, has better light quality, and is much cheaper than those in years past.
LED LIGHTING
An LED lamp (LED light bulb) is a solid-state lamp that uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as the source of light. The LEDs involved may be conventional semiconductor light-emitting diodes, organic LEDs (OLED), or polymer light-emitting diodes (PLED) devices, although PLED technologies are not currently commercially available.Since the light output of individual light-emitting diodes is small compared to incandescent and compact fluorescent lamps, multiple diodes are often used together. In recent years, as diode technology has improved, high power light-emitting diodes with higher lumen output are making it possible to replace other lamps with LED lamps. One high power LED chip used in some commercial LED lights can emit 7,500 lumens for an electrical power consumption of 100 watts. LED lamps can be made interchangeable with other types of lamps.
Diodes use direct current (DC) electrical power; to use them from standard AC power they require internal or external rectifier circuits. LEDs are damaged by operating at high temperatures, so LED lamps typically include heat management elements such as heat sinks and cooling fins. LED lamps offer long service life and high energy efficiency, but initial costs are higher than those of fluorescent and incandescent lamps.Russian Oleg Vladimirovich Losev reported creation of the first LED in 1927. Rubin Braunstein of the
Why We Should Switch Over from Incandescent to LED
SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR 11
Radio Corporation of America reported on infrared emission from gallium arsenide (GaAs) and other semiconductor alloys in 1955.[11] Braunstein observed infrared emission generated by simple diode structures using gallium antimonide (GaSb), GaAs, indium phosphide (InP), and silicon-germanium (SiGe) alloys at room temperature and at 77 kelvin.In 1961, American experimenters Robert Biard and Gary Pittman working at Texas Instruments ,[12] found that GaAs emitted infrared radiation when electric current was applied and received the patent for the infrared LED.The first practical visible-spectrum (red) LED was developed in 1962 by Nick Holonyak Jr. , while working at General Electric Company .[3] Holonyak is seen as the "father of the light-emitting diode".[13] M. George Craford,[14] a former graduate student of Holonyak, invented the first yellow LED and improved the brightness of red and red-orange LEDs by a factor of ten in 1972.[15] In 1976, T.P. Pearsall created the first high-brightness; high efficiency LEDs, for optical fiber telecommunications by inventing new semiconductor materials specifically adapted to optical fiber transmission wavelengths.[16]
HAITZ’S LAW
It states that every decade, the cost per lumen (unit of useful light emitted) falls by a factor of 10, the amount of light generated per LED package increases by a factor of 20, for a given wavelength (color) of light. It is considered the LED counterpart to Moore's Law , which states that the number of transistors in a given integrated circuit doubles every 18 to 24
months.[1] Both laws rely on the process optimization of the production ofsemiconductor devices .
SWITCHED MODE POWER SUPPLIES
A switched-mode power supply (switching-mode power supply, SMPS, or simply switcher) is an electronic power supply that incorporates a switching regulator in order to be highly efficient in the conversion of electrical power. Like other types of power supplies, an SMPS transfers power from a source like the electrical power grid to a load (e.g., a personal computer) while converting voltage and current characteristics. An SMPS is usually employed to efficiently provide a regulated output voltage,
typically at a level different from the input voltage. Unlike a linear power supply, the pass transistor of a switching mode supply switches very quickly (typically between 50 kHz and 1 MHz) between full-on and full-off states, which minimizes wasted energy. Voltage regulation is provided by varying the ratio of on to off time. In contrast, a linear power supply must dissipate the excess voltage to regulate the output. This higher efficiency is the chief advantage of a switched-mode power supply.
MAGTECH INDUSTRIES
Magtech Industries is a US based company dedicated exclusively to the design, manufacture, and distribution of switch-mode power supplies. We provide stable, high quality power solutions such as: LED drivers, LED power supplies, wall-mount & desktop adaptors, and open frame & close frame power supplies. Many of our products are used in signage.Magtech Industries operates from our 20,000- sq. ft. facility in Las Vegas, Nevada, where we have been located since 1999. Our own manufacturing facilities are in China and Taiwan. Magtech has a commitment to product quality and customer satisfaction.
NEW LIGHTING STANDARDS BEGIN IN 2012
Beginning in 2012, common light bulbs sold in the U.S. will typically use about 25% to 80% less energy. Many bulbs meet these new standards, including incandescents, CFLs, and LEDs, and are already available for purchase today. The newer bulbs provide a wide range of choices in color and brightness, and many of them will last much longer than traditional light bulbs. The bipartisan Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA 2007) established these efficiency standards.
THE LIGHT WARS (Con't)
THE LIGHT WARS (Con't)> Continued from Previous Page >
12 SUBSPACE COMMUNICATOR
As of January 1, 2012, traditional, 100W incandescent light bulbs will no longer be available at most stores. As of January 1, 2013, traditional, 75 watt incandescent light bulbs will no longer be available at most stores. As of January 1, 2014, traditional, 40 and 60 watt incandescent light bulbs will no longer be available at most stores.
WHAT'S A LUMEN?
Lumens measure how much light you are getting from a bulb. More lumens means it's a brighter light; fewer lumens means it's a dimmer light. Lumens are to light what...Pounds are to bananasGallons are to milkLumens let you buy the amount of light you want. So when buying your new bulbs, think lumens, not watts.The brightness, or lumen levels, of the lights in your home may vary widely, so here's a rule of thumb:
To replace a 100-watt incandescent bulb, look for a bulb that gives you about 1600 lumens. If you want something dimmer, go for less lumens; if you prefer brighter light, look for more lumens.Replace a 75W bulb with an energy-saving bulb that gives you about 1100 lumensReplace a 60W bulb with an energy-saving bulb that gives you about 800 lumensReplace a 40W bulb with an energy-saving bulb that gives you about 450 lumens.
LINKS AND REFERENCES
http://www.energysavers.gov/http://www.magtechind.comhttp://www.howstuffworks.comhttp://www.designrecycleinc.com/led%20comp%20chart.htmlhttp://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi
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LOVE IS IN THE AIR!
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STAR TREK LIVE: The Way to Eden
Com
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ach P
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After receiving encouraging reports from Yeoman Bee’s scouting party, the crew assembled a full away team to attend the Darkroom’s final performance of Star Trek Live: The Way To Eden. Knowing that the events we were about to witness occurred long ago in the 23rd Century, the crew took care to don vintage Starfleet attire to blend in and draw as little attention as possible.
Our attempts, however, seemed to have the complete opposite effect. The away team was immediately spotted by the audience and staff, and we were made to pose for photos in the theater’s Constitution class bridge stage. The potential damage that we’ve done to the timeline is incalculable, and I’m sure as soon as I submit this log to Starfleet that I will be paid a rather unpleasant visit from Temporal Investigations. They ask so many questions…
Regardless of the consequences, the crew’s egregious temporal vacation violation was well worth it. The house was packed, the cast talented, and the production was heartfelt. Star Trek Live provided a fresh take on a particularly absurd episode that, in its own time, showed just how culturally divided our society had been (and how utterly detached and mislead the mainstream media could be).
Star Trek Live’s re-telling of ‘The Way to Eden’ notably featured a kilt wearing Scotty; a singing Kirk who wore yoga pants; a Sulu that was far more out-of-the-closet than had anyone remembered him being; Yeoman Rand (not actually featured in the original episode) in an up-do wig as eye candy; and a series of three wig-alternating Red Shirts all played by the same actor. The crew of Star Trek Live’s USS Enterprise each had something to offer, but the real highlight was Andrew Moore’s rendition of Adam, the episode’s iconic hippie-bard. Unlike the original episodes creepy yet happy-go-lucky Adam, Moore’s psychotic Adam was played more like a member the bank-robbing surfer-gang in Point Break than a prancing space hippie.
I seemed that our presence had seriously disrupted the timeline. Any doubt of this was put to rest not long after we returned to our own time and discovered that Charles Napier, the original Adam from the 1969 episode, had passed away. Rest in peace Charles, “we reach…”
~Cmdr. Zach PerkinsCommanding Officer, USS Loma PrietaStarfleet, Region 4
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The Away Team
LT Dolgoff, ENS Roodman & LT Sung
R2D2 - TrashcanThe Cast of STL, Chekov
eats Burrito, while Kirk PosesC
MD
R Perkin s & LT D
olgo ff
Starfleet Intelligence: Temporal Investigations Case File 8622 Alpha [DECLASSIFIED]
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CROSSWORD: AMBASSADORS
Dedicated in the Memory of J. Unicorn Escobedo
FUN FACTS
* not responsible for accuracy.
V X R G S N E E L I X E S H R A S I O D A N R T Y S D V D U R P R C R M A A A R T P I O G E O B D R V A J A H F H K K V N E Z K E G L F J T K L Q K E L P P X B P Z T A L A V O S J J I O R T R G D O S V O V A L T B I
The Arizona trout is found only in AZ
Arizona leads the nation in copper production.
Petrified wood is the official state fossil. Most petrified wood comes
from the Petrified Forest in northeastern Arizona.
The bola tie is the official state neckwear.
Turquoise is the official state gemstone. The blue-green stone
has a somewhat waxy surface and can be found throughout the state.
Arizona is home of the Grand Canyon National Park.
The amount of copper on the roof of the Capitol building is equivalent to
4,800,000 pennies.
Arizona observes Mountain Standard Time on a year round basis. The one exception is the Navajo Nation, in the northeast
corner of the state, which observes the daylight savings time.
The battleship USS Arizona was named in honor of the state. It was
commissioned in 1913.
The original London Bridge was shipped stone-by-stone and
reconstructed in Lake Havasu City.
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