Study of a 22013233kv Substation

8/9/2019 Study of a 22013233kv Substation

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STUDY OF ELEMENTS OF A

220/132/33KV SUBSTATION

BY

ARVIND KUMAR


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CONTENTSIntroduction

Sub station

Types of substation

Design of a substation

Design Considerations of Transmission Substation

Equipment of A Transmission Substation

Line Diagram

Sub station Bus Schemes

Substation Location

The Functions of the substation

Causes of faultsTransformer in a substation

Protection devices

Conclusion


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This project includes study of

transmission lines, bus bars, circuitbreakers, isolators, earth switches, various

types of transformers such as power

transformer, capacitor voltage transformer,current transformers, lightning arresters,

wave traps and grounding system of

substation.


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Sub Station

Substation is a subsidiary station of an electricitygeneration, transmission and distribution system

where voltage is transformed from high to low or the

reverse using transformers.


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Types of Substation

Transmission Substation A transmission substation connects two or more

transmission lines.

Distribution Substation

A distribution substation transfers power from the

transmission system to the distribution system of an area.

Collector Substation

The collector substation steps up voltage to a transmissionvoltage for the grid. The collector substation also provides

power factor correction, metering and control of the wind

farm. The collector system operates around 35 KV.


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Design Considerations of

Transmission Substation

Load density

Level of High voltage

Level of Low voltage Land availability

Reliability requirements

Load growth

Voltage drop

Cost and losses


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Equipments of A Transmission

Substation Transformers

Circuit breakers

Disconnecting switches

Station buses and insulators

Reactors

Grounding systems

Lightning arrestors Line traps

Protective relays

Station batteries


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DESIGN OF A SUBSTATION

Substation should be located at load

centre

Sufficient land areaGrounding


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Factors affecting selection of a substation

Safety,

Reliability,

Economy,

Simplicity,


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Substation Bus Schemes

Single bus scheme

Double bus double breaker

Double bus single breaker scheme

Ring bus scheme


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Substation Location

Locate substation as much as closer to load centers

Locate substation such that proper voltage regulation isobtained without taking extensive measures.

Locate substation such that it provides access forincoming sub-transmission lines and out going primary

feeders. Locate such that it allows future expansion of the

substation it self.


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Functions of the substation are

ToC

hange voltage from one level to another. To Switch transmission and distribution circuits intoand out of the grid system.

To Measure various parameters.

ToC

onnect communication signals to the circuits. To Eliminate lightning and other electrical surges

from the system.

To Connect electric generation plants to the system.

To Make interconnections between the electricsystems of more than one utility


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Causes of Faults

Insulation and Conducting path failure.

Over-voltages

Puncturing or breaking of insulators. Tripping ofCircuit Breaker

Accumulation of foreign bodies.


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Transformer

Types of a Transformers Auto transformer

Poly Phase transformers

Instrument transformers

Transformers used in substation

Power Transformers

Current Transformers

Voltage Transformers


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Various Protection devies

Lightning Arresters Control and Relay Panel

Circuit Breakers


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various instrumentsvarious instrumentsConductor Systems

DC Battery and Charger

Input Rating: Voltage: 415 V + 10 %Frequency: 50 Hz. 3 Phase

Output Rating:

Float: 220 V, 10 Amp

Boost: 180 V, 30Amp

Wave Trapper

CONT..,


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CONT..,Isolators

InsulatorsBus Bar

Grounding


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CONCLUSION

we studied about the operation of different equipments in substation.

It includes study of transmission lines

Bus bars

Various types of transformers

Circuit breakers

Isolators

Earth switches

Current transformers

Voltage transformers

Lightning arresters

Wave traps

Grounding system of substation


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THANK YOU

Documents

Study of a 22013233kv Substation