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Sticks and Stones Sticks and Stones CanCan Break Your Bones: Break Your Bones: The BioThe Bio--PsychoPsycho--Social ConsequencesSocial Consequences of of
LGBT BullyingLGBT Bullying
Dominican College Social Work ProgramDominican College Social Work ProgramCommunity Day EventCommunity Day Event
Gerald P. Mallon, DSWGerald P. Mallon, DSWThe Julia Lathrop Professor of Child WelfareThe Julia Lathrop Professor of Child Welfare
Hunter College School of Social WorkHunter College School of Social WorkNational Resource Center for Permanency and Family ConnectionsNational Resource Center for Permanency and Family Connections
March 14, 2011March 14, 2011Updated June 3, 2011Updated June 3, 2011
What is Bullying?What is Bullying? Bullying is behavior that is meant to harm or disturb;Bullying is behavior that is meant to harm or disturb; It occurs repeatedly; It occurs repeatedly; It occurs between individuals who do not have equal It occurs between individuals who do not have equal
power.power.
Bullying can be:Bullying can be: physical (hitting, shoving);physical (hitting, shoving); verbal (threats, teasing, insults);verbal (threats, teasing, insults); psychological (shunning, spreading rumors).psychological (shunning, spreading rumors).
“Bullying Guidelines.” NO Bullying website. p. 3“Bullying Guidelines.” NO Bullying website. p. 3--4. Retrieved March 8, 2011 from:4. Retrieved March 8, 2011 from:
http://www.nobully.org.nz/added.pdf http://www.nobully.org.nz/added.pdf
What is CyberBullying?What is CyberBullying?
Cyberbullying, is willful and repeated harm inflicted through Cyberbullying, is willful and repeated harm inflicted through the use of computers, cell phones, and other electronic the use of computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices, can have equally harmful effects on adolescents as devices, can have equally harmful effects on adolescents as physical bullying.physical bullying.
Teens often use phones or the Internet to post texts or images Teens often use phones or the Internet to post texts or images intended to hurt or embarrass another person.intended to hurt or embarrass another person.
Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullying: A Guide for Parents. Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullying: A Guide for Parents. Massachusetts Aggression Reduction
Center, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Page 2 Center, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Page 2
CyberBullyingCyberBullying StatisticsStatistics
Between 30 and 60 percent of teens have Between 30 and 60 percent of teens have been bullied onlinebeen bullied online
Between 85 and 90 percent of those teens Between 85 and 90 percent of those teens have not told their parents about their have not told their parents about their experience.experience.
Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullying: A Guide for Parents. Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullying: A Guide for Parents. Massachusetts Aggression Reduction
Center, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Page 2 Center, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Page 2
Bullies are likely to:Bullies are likely to: suffer symptoms of depressionsuffer symptoms of depression experience suicidal ideationexperience suicidal ideation suffer from psychiatric problemssuffer from psychiatric problems suffer from eating disorderssuffer from eating disorders engage in substance abuseengage in substance abuse engage in fighting behaviors; criminal & academic misconductengage in fighting behaviors; criminal & academic misconduct have parents who use punitive forms of disciplinehave parents who use punitive forms of discipline have lesshave less--responsive and lessresponsive and less--supportive parentssupportive parents come from harsh home environmentscome from harsh home environments have poor parenthave poor parent--child communicationchild communication lack adult role modelslack adult role models have suffered child abusehave suffered child abuse have lower academic achievementhave lower academic achievement
Dake, J.A., Price, J.H., & Telljohann, S.K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school. Dake, J.A., Price, J.H., & Telljohann, S.K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school.
Journal of School Health, 73(5). 173Journal of School Health, 73(5). 173--180180
Victims are likely to:Victims are likely to: suffer symptoms of depressionsuffer symptoms of depression experience suicidal ideationexperience suicidal ideation suffer from psychiatric problemssuffer from psychiatric problems suffer from eating disorderssuffer from eating disorders suffer feelings of lonelinesssuffer feelings of loneliness have low selfhave low self--esteemesteem suffer from anxietysuffer from anxiety be less popular than other childrenbe less popular than other children spend a lot of time alonespend a lot of time alone have suffered child abusehave suffered child abuse come from harsh home environmentscome from harsh home environments have parents who allow few opportunities to control have parents who allow few opportunities to control
social circumstancessocial circumstances have problems with school , i.e., absenteeismhave problems with school , i.e., absenteeism experience physical health problemsexperience physical health problems
Dake, J.A., Price, J.H., & Telljohann, S.K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school. Dake, J.A., Price, J.H., & Telljohann, S.K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school.
Journal of School Health, 73(5). 173Journal of School Health, 73(5). 173--180180
Bullying and LGBTQ YouthBullying and LGBTQ Youth
Bullying in Schools: Bullying in Schools:
Harassment Puts Gay Youth at Risk Harassment Puts Gay Youth at Risk
While trying to deal with all the challenges of being a While trying to deal with all the challenges of being a teenager, LGBTQ teens additionally have to deal with teenager, LGBTQ teens additionally have to deal with harassment, threats, and violence directed at them on a daily harassment, threats, and violence directed at them on a daily basis. They hear antibasis. They hear anti--gay slurs such as “homo”, “faggot” and gay slurs such as “homo”, “faggot” and “sissy” about 26 times a day or once every 14 minutes.“sissy” about 26 times a day or once every 14 minutes.
*Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011. *Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011.
http://www.nmha.org/go/information/gethttp://www.nmha.org/go/information/get--info/childreninfo/children--ss--mentalmental--health/bullyinghealth/bullying--andand--gaygay--youth youth
Bullying and Gay YouthBullying and Gay Youth
Even more troubling, a study found that thirtyEven more troubling, a study found that thirty--one one percent of gay youth had been threatened or injured at percent of gay youth had been threatened or injured at school in the last year alone!school in the last year alone!
Their mental health and education, not to mention their Their mental health and education, not to mention their physical wellphysical well--being, are atbeing, are at--risk.risk.
*Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011. *Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011.
http://www.nmha.org/go/information/gethttp://www.nmha.org/go/information/get--info/childreninfo/children--ss--mentalmental--health/bullyinghealth/bullying--andand--gaygay--youth youth
Bullying and Gay YouthBullying and Gay Youth
How is their mental health being affected?How is their mental health being affected?
Gay and lesbian teens are at high risk because „their distress Gay and lesbian teens are at high risk because „their distress is a direct result of the hatred and prejudice that surround is a direct result of the hatred and prejudice that surround them,‟ not inherently because of their gay or lesbian them,‟ not inherently because of their gay or lesbian identity orientation.identity orientation.
Gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth are two to three times Gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth are two to three times more likely to attempt suicide than their heterosexual more likely to attempt suicide than their heterosexual counterparts.counterparts.
*Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011. *Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011.
http://www.nmha.org/go/information/gethttp://www.nmha.org/go/information/get--info/childreninfo/children--ss--mentalmental--health/bullyinghealth/bullying--andand--gaygay--youth youth
Bullying and Gay Youth: Bullying and Gay Youth: How is their education being affected?How is their education being affected?
Gay teens in U.S. schools are often subjected to such intense Gay teens in U.S. schools are often subjected to such intense bullying that they‟re unable to receive an adequate education.bullying that they‟re unable to receive an adequate education.
They‟re often embarrassed or ashamed of being targeted and may They‟re often embarrassed or ashamed of being targeted and may not report the abuse. not report the abuse.
GLBT students are more apt to skip school due to the fear, threats, GLBT students are more apt to skip school due to the fear, threats, and property vandalism directed at them.and property vandalism directed at them.
*Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011. *Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011.
http://www.nmha.org/go/information/gethttp://www.nmha.org/go/information/get--info/childreninfo/children--ss--mentalmental--health/bullyinghealth/bullying--andand--gaygay--youth youth
Bullying and Gay Youth: Bullying and Gay Youth: How is their education being affected?How is their education being affected?
One survey revealed that 22 percent of gay respondents One survey revealed that 22 percent of gay respondents had skipped school in the past month because they felt had skipped school in the past month because they felt unsafe there.*unsafe there.*
TwentyTwenty--eight percent of LGBTQ students will drop out eight percent of LGBTQ students will drop out of school. This is more than three times the national of school. This is more than three times the national average for heterosexual students.average for heterosexual students.
LGBTQ youth feel they have nowhere to turn. According LGBTQ youth feel they have nowhere to turn. According to several surveys, four out of five LGBTQ students say to several surveys, four out of five LGBTQ students say they don‟t know one supportive adult at school.they don‟t know one supportive adult at school.
*Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011.*Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011.
http://www.nmha.org/go/information/gethttp://www.nmha.org/go/information/get--info/childreninfo/children--ss--mentalmental--health/bullyinghealth/bullying--andand--gaygay--youthyouth
Bullying and Gay Youth: Bullying and Gay Youth: What can we do to help?What can we do to help?
Schools should offer a safe and respectful learning Schools should offer a safe and respectful learning environment for everyone. When bullying is environment for everyone. When bullying is allowed to take place, it affects everyone. allowed to take place, it affects everyone.
Also, we know that bullying was a contributing Also, we know that bullying was a contributing factor in the Columbine shootings and other school factor in the Columbine shootings and other school violence. Students, teachers, and school violence. Students, teachers, and school administrators who look the other way are administrators who look the other way are contributing to the problem. In contrast, kids who contributing to the problem. In contrast, kids who said that they had a supportive faculty or openly gay said that they had a supportive faculty or openly gay staff member were more likely to feel as if they staff member were more likely to feel as if they belong in their school.belong in their school.
How to Help End Bullying: How to Help End Bullying:
Be alert to signs of distress. Be alert to signs of distress.
Work with student councils to have programs on Work with student councils to have programs on respect, school safety, and antirespect, school safety, and anti--bullying. bullying.
Ask school personnel to have a discussion at an Ask school personnel to have a discussion at an assembly or an after school activity about gay assembly or an after school activity about gay prejudice.prejudice.
Discuss and review facts about social networking Discuss and review facts about social networking sites with childrensites with children
How to Help End Bullying: How to Help End Bullying:
Help start a Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Help start a Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network (GLSEN: http://www.glsen.org/cgiNetwork (GLSEN: http://www.glsen.org/cgi--bin/iowa/all/home/index.html) chapter at your local bin/iowa/all/home/index.html) chapter at your local high school. Youth whose schools had these kinds of high school. Youth whose schools had these kinds of groups were less likely to have reported feeling unsafe in groups were less likely to have reported feeling unsafe in their schools.their schools.
Arrange for a group like GLSEN to present bullying Arrange for a group like GLSEN to present bullying prevention activities and programs at your school. prevention activities and programs at your school.
Do encourage anyone who‟s being bullied to tell a Do encourage anyone who‟s being bullied to tell a teacher, counselor, coach, nurse, or his or her parents or teacher, counselor, coach, nurse, or his or her parents or guardians. If the bullying continues, report it yourself.guardians. If the bullying continues, report it yourself.
ResourcesResourcesBooksBooks
GarbarinoGarbarino, J. & , J. & DeLaraDeLara, E. (2002). , E. (2002). And words can hurt And words can hurt foreverforever. New York: Free Press.. New York: Free Press.
Simmons, R. (2002). Simmons, R. (2002). Odd girl outOdd girl out. San Diego, CA: . San Diego, CA: HarvestHarvest
Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullyingCyberBullying: A Guide : A Guide for Parentsfor Parents. . Massachusetts Aggression Reduction CenterMassachusetts Aggression Reduction Center, , Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts.Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts.
Sticks and Stones: Teens write about bullying . New Sticks and Stones: Teens write about bullying . New York:YouthYork:Youth Communication. Communication. http://www.youthcomm.org/miva/merchant.mvc?Screenhttp://www.youthcomm.org/miva/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=YCE&Product_Code=YD23&Catego=PROD&Store_Code=YCE&Product_Code=YD23&Category_Code=YDry_Code=YD
ResourcesResources
Documents and ResourcesDocuments and Resources
Information Packet: Bullying and Children in the Child Information Packet: Bullying and Children in the Child Welfare System. National Resource Center for Welfare System. National Resource Center for Permanency and Family Connections. (Updated 2011)Permanency and Family Connections. (Updated 2011)
http://www.nrcpfc.org/is/downloads bullying.pdfhttp://www.nrcpfc.org/is/downloads bullying.pdf
Bullying Guidelines. Bullying Guidelines. http://www.nobully.org.nz/added.pdfhttp://www.nobully.org.nz/added.pdf
ResourcesResourcesWebsites Websites
Suicide Prevention Resource CenterSuicide Prevention Resource Centerhttp://www.sprc.org/http://www.sprc.org/ National Runaway SwitchboardNational Runaway Switchboardhttp://www.nrscrisisline.org/http://www.nrscrisisline.org/ The Trevor Project The Trevor Project http://www.thetrevorproject.org/http://www.thetrevorproject.org/ Safe Kids and You Safe Kids and You http://safekidsusa.ning.comhttp://safekidsusa.ning.com BRYCS (Bridging Refugee Youth & Children‟s Services) BRYCS (Bridging Refugee Youth & Children‟s Services) http://www.brycs.org/http://www.brycs.org/ The AntiThe Anti--Violence Project Violence Project www.avp.orgwww.avp.org
ResourcesResourcesWebsites Websites
Bullying Prevention and ResponseBullying Prevention and Responsewww.bullyinginfo.orgwww.bullyinginfo.org CyberbullyingCyberbullying Research Center Research Center www.cyberbullying.uswww.cyberbullying.us AntiAnti--Defamation League: Bullying Resource Center Defamation League: Bullying Resource Center www.adl.org/combatbullying/www.adl.org/combatbullying/ Bullying.orgBullying.orghttp://www.bullying.orghttp://www.bullying.org Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay YouthMental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youthhttp://www.nmha.org/http://www.nmha.org/--youthyouth
ResourcesResourcesVideosVideos Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration (SAMSHA) YouTube Channel: Working Administration (SAMSHA) YouTube Channel: Working with LGBT Youthwith LGBT Youth
http://www.youtube.com/user/SAMHSA#p/u/11/48mC89http://www.youtube.com/user/SAMHSA#p/u/11/48mC89f6PgAf6PgA
The Kids are Listening, The Opening Doors ProjectThe Kids are Listening, The Opening Doors Projecthttp://thekidsarelistening.org/http://thekidsarelistening.org/ Let's Get Real!Let's Get Real!http://groundspark.org/ourhttp://groundspark.org/our--filmsfilms--andand--campaigns/letscampaigns/lets--getget--realreal It Gets BetterIt Gets Betterwww.itgetsbetter.orgwww.itgetsbetter.org
References:References:
“Bullying Guidelines.” NO Bullying website. p. 3“Bullying Guidelines.” NO Bullying website. p. 3--4 4 http://www.nobully.org.nz/added.pdfhttp://www.nobully.org.nz/added.pdf
Dake, J.A., Price, J.H., & Telljohann, S.K. (2003). The Dake, J.A., Price, J.H., & Telljohann, S.K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school. Journal of nature and extent of bullying at school. Journal of School Health, 73(5). 173School Health, 73(5). 173--180180
Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullying: A Englander, Dr. Elizabeth (2008). CyberBullying: A Guide for Parents. Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Guide for Parents. Massachusetts Aggression Reduction Center, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Center, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. Page 2 Massachusetts. Page 2
Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011. Mental Health America: Bullying and Gay Youth. 2011. http://www.nmha.org/go/information/gethttp://www.nmha.org/go/information/get--info/childreninfo/children--
ss--mentalmental--health/bullyinghealth/bullying--andand--gaygay--youth youth
Gerald P. MallonGerald P. MallonThe Julia Lathrop Professor of Child WelfareThe Julia Lathrop Professor of Child Welfare
The National Resource Center The National Resource Center For Permanency and Family ConnectionsFor Permanency and Family Connections
Hunter College School of Social WorkHunter College School of Social Work129 East 79129 East 79thth StreetStreet
New York, New York 10075New York, New York [email protected]@hunter.cuny.edu
www.nrcpfc.orgwww.nrcpfc.org
