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Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles Technology and Trend 1

Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

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Page 1: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Steve Hsu, September 6 2013

Alternative Fuels & VehiclesTechnology and Trend 1

Page 2: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Agenda• Introduction

• Hydrogen / Fuel Cell Vehicles Overview

• Electricity Vehicles Overview–Wireless Charging System for Vehicles

• Natural Gas Vehicles Overview

• Summary

2

Page 3: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Introduction

Source: Study Group on Next‐Generation Vehicle Batteries, 20063

Page 4: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Hydrogen / Fuel Cell Vehicles Schematics

Source: The Alternative Fuels  Data Center (AFDC) 4

Page 5: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Comparison of Fuel Cell Technologies 

Source: The_Fuel_Cell_Today_Industry_Review_20115

Page 6: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Fuel Cell Vehicles ‐ Standardization Activities

Source: Introduction of Current Status of Standardization for Fuel Cell Vehicles in Japan , Hajime Fukumoto , JARI6

Page 7: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

© ABB GroupSeptember 16, 2013 | Slide 7

Page 8: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Electricity Vehicles Schematics

Battery EV Plug‐in Hybrids Hybrids

Source: The Alternative Fuels  Data Center (AFDC) 8

Page 9: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

HEVs, PHEVs and EVs by major automobile makers

Source: Company data, Various media reports9

Page 10: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

HEVs, PHEVs and EVs by major automobile makers

Source: Company data, Various media reports10

Page 11: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Alliances relationships for automobile‐use batteries

Note: Black lines denote battery supply relationships, dotted lines denote capital relationships.Source: Company data

11

Page 12: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Comparison of major EV and PHEV models

Note: Japanese makers use JC08 standard and US makers us EPA standard for fuel efficiency.Source: Company data, SAE International

12

Page 13: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle (V2V)

New Era of eMobility

Converging Technologies:• Electrified Automobile• Electric Smart Grid• Connected/Autonomous Vehicle

Vehicle‐to‐Infrastructure (V2I)

Vehicle‐to‐Devices

Vehicle‐to‐Grid (V2G)

Source: SAE Electric Vehicle Safety Technical Symposium May 18, 201213

Page 14: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Electricity – DC Charging Systems

• 3 DC charging systems in the IEC DC charging catalog standards ‐– IEC 62196‐3 ‐ Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for pin and contact‐tube couplers 

with rated operating voltage up to 1 000 V d.c. and rated current up to 400 A, and rated operating voltage up to 690 V a.c. and rated current up to 250 A, for combined a.c./d.c.charging

– IEC 61851‐23 ‐ Electric vehicles conductive changing system ‐ Part 23: D.C. Electric vehicle charging station– IEC 61851‐24 ‐ Electric vehicles conductive charging system ‐ Part 24: Control communication protocol 

between off‐board d.c. charger and electric vehicleSource:  IEC

14

Page 15: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

DC Charging Standardization Network

15

Page 16: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Electricity ‐ DC Charging Systems Overview of the high power d.c. interface (source: IEC 62196‐3)

16

Page 17: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Electricity ‐ DC Charging System B (GB/T) VEHICLE CONNECTOR & INLET RATED UP TO 250 A, 750 V D.C. (source: IEC 62196‐3)

VEHICLE CONNECTOR VEHICLE INLET

Note: Contacts shall be made of gold, siliver, copper, an alloy of these metals or equivalent material to avoid temperature rise issue 

17

Page 18: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Electricity ‐ DC Charging Systems ‐ Sequence diagram of d.c.charging control communication for system B(source: IEC 61851‐24)

18

Page 19: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

USA & EU on Electric Vehicle and Smart Grid Coordination (July 19, 2013)

1. Establishing requirements and test procedures to assess EV‐electric vehicle supply equipment compatibility;

2. Developing and verifying connectivity technologies, communication protocols and standards

3. Identifying gaps where new standards or technologies are needed for solutions using proof‐of‐concept hardware/software systems. 

Source: ANL

19

Page 20: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System for Vehicles Schematics

Source: SAE20

Page 21: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System Standardization (1)

• UL is developing UL 2750 to cover safety aspects of wireless charging in parallel with the development of SAE J2954.

• IEC/TC 69 has undertaken work on PT 61980‐1, Electric Vehicle Wireless Power Transfer Systems,  in cooperation with SAE and JARI.

– IEC 61980‐1 Ed. 1.0 ‐ Electric equipment for the supply of energy to electric road vehicles using an inductive coupling ‐ Part 1: General requirements

– IEC 61980‐2 Ed. 1.0 ‐ Electric equipment for the supply of energy to electric road vehicles using an inductive coupling ‐ Part 2: Manual connection system using a paddle 

– IEC 61980‐3 Ed. 1.0 ‐ Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems ‐ Part 3 specific requirements for the magnetic field power transfer systems.

• SAE International is currently in the process of developing a design standard, SAE J2954, Wireless Charging of Electric and Plug‐in Hybrid Vehicles. The standard will cover all equipment aspects of stationary charging, from grid to vehicle charging with a key focus on interoperability between the primary (charging mat) and secondary (pick‐up located on vehicle) when the two aforementioned components are manufactured by two different suppliers. The SAE taskforce is reviewing the state of the art of wireless charging (e.g., inductive, magnetic resonance) and compiling an interoperability study. An initial release of the document, which will be initially published as a guideline, is due out in 2013. The document will be a working document, as further research for this technology is currently underway, and it will become a standard for publication in 2015.

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Page 22: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

SAE J2954 Wireless Charging System Functional Elements

Source: SAE| Slide 22

Page 23: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System Standardization (2)

• The IEEE Standards Association has initiated pre‐standardization activity related to electric vehicle wireless power transfer (EVWPT) focused on dynamic wireless charging in light of the range limitations of EVs and the costs of vehicle energy storage. This is intended to complement SAE J2954 which is centered on stationary charging.

• The IEEE  will: – Develop a peer‐reviewed technology strategy 

guideline and technology roadmap for the development of EVWPT infrastructure solutions (with respect to different use cases and covering both stationary and dynamic wireless charging) and a focus on future standardization needs;

– Develop a white paper for dynamic wireless charging which can be utilized as input for future joint IEEE/SAE standardization activities (considering both vehicle integration and infrastructure integration aspects).

Source: IEEE, KAIST OLEV23

Page 24: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System Standardization (3)DKE GAK 353.0.1 WPT in Germany

• GAK 353.0.1: “Wireless charging of electric vehicles”– Scope: Fundamental Requirements for Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging– Participants: OEM and Inductive Charging Producers

Source: DKE24

Page 25: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System Standardization (4)Broadband Wireless Forum and WPT‐WG in Japan

Source: WPT Sub‐Groups (August 2012)

25

Page 26: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System Standardization Areas and Constraints• Interoperability Requirements

– Operating Frequency range– Magnetic interoperability– Vehicle to Charger communications– Pad Positioning on Vehicle and Ground– Availability of vehicle and base alignment 

mechanism• Performance

– Power Levels– Efficiency Levels– Air gap and misalignment tolerance

• Constraints and Compliance Requirements– EMC regulations– Radiated emissions requirements– Foreign object detection

Source: SAE26

Page 27: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Wireless Charging System Alignment and Positioning(sample)

Different coil position in the survey possible depending on values of “c” and “e” Different coil position in the survey possible 

depending on values of “d” and “e”Source: SAE27

Page 28: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Natural Gas CNG/LNG Vehicles Schematics

(A) flows into high‐pressure cylinders (B) When the engine requires natural gas, the gas leaves the cylinders and passes through the master manual shut‐off valve (C) The gas travels through the high‐pressure fuel line (D) and enters the engine compartment. Gas enters the regulator (E) which reduces the gas pressure used for storage (up to 3,600 psi) to the required vehicle fuel injection system pressure. The natural gas solenoid valve (F) allows natural gas to pass from the regulator into the gas mixer or fuel injectors. The solenoid valve shuts off the natural gas when the engine is not running. Natural gas mixed with air flows down through the carburetor or fuel‐injection system (G) and enters the engine combustion chambers where it is burned to produce power, just like gasoline.

ISO/PC 252 Project committee: Natural gas fuelling stations for vehiclesScope: Design, construction and operation of stations for fuelling CNG/LNG to vehicles; including equipment, safety devices and maintenance.

Source: Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC)

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Page 29: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Natural Gas CNG Fueling Infrastructure DevelopmentFast‐Fill CNG Station

Time‐Fill CNG Station

ISO 15500‐1~19 Define Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel system components

Source: Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC), makers29

Page 30: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Natural Gas LNG Fueling Infrastructure Development

LNG Station

LNG dispensers deliver fuel to vehicles at pressures of 75 to 120 PSI. Because LNG is stored and dispensed as a super‐cooled, liquefied gas, protective clothing and gloves are required when fueling a vehicle.

ISO/TC67/SC0/WG10 ‐ LNG (liquefied natural gas) installations and equipmentScope: Standardization for installations and equipment for liquefied natural gas, excluding product or testing 

Source: Alternative Fuels Data Center (AFDC)

Source:http://newsroom.ryder.com/multimedia/photos

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Page 31: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

China Natural Gas LNG Refueling Infrastructure

According to the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), there were 1.48m natural gas vehicles (about 1.6% of total vehicles) operating in China by the end of 2012. Of this, LNG vehicles were slightly more than 70,000. Source: 中国LNG汽车网

LNG stations

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Page 32: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Summary1. The Information Source for Alternative Fuels and Advanced 

Vehicles– Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation decision makers find ways to reduce petroleum consumption through the use of alternative and renewable fuels, advanced vehicles, and other fuel‐saving measures.

2. To initiate H2CHINA Fuel Cell Technologies  a new public‐private partnership focused on advancing hydrogen infrastructure to support more transportation energy options for China market. 

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Page 33: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

Contact information

Steve HsuBusiness Development Manager, ABBM: +886 955 919 073E:  [email protected]

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Page 34: Steve Hsu, September 6 2013 Alternative Fuels & Vehicles ... · – Setup a Alternative Fuels organization to provide information, data, and tools to help fleets and other transportation

• thanks

| Slide 34