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State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFive Inc. [email protected] 7 th RISC-V Workshop Western Digital, Milpitas, CA November 28, 2017

State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. [email protected] ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

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Page 1: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

StateoftheUnionKrsteAsanovic

UCBerkeley,RISC-VFoundation,&SiFive [email protected]

7th RISC-VWorkshopWesternDigital,Milpitas,CA

November28,2017

Page 2: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

WhatisRISC-V?§ Ahigh-quality,license-free,royalty-freeRISCISAspecificationoriginallyfromUCBerkeley

§ Standardmaintainedbynon-profitRISC-VFoundation§ Suitableforalltypesofcomputingsystem,microcontrollerstosupercomputers

§ Numerousproprietaryandopen-sourcecores§ Experiencingrapiduptakeinindustryandacademia§ Supportedbygrowingsharedsoftwareecosystem§ Aworkinprogress…

Page 3: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

What’sDifferentaboutRISC-V?§ Simple

- FarsmallerthanothercommercialISAs§ Clean-slatedesign

- ClearseparationbetweenuserandprivilegedISA- Avoidsµarchitectureortechnology-dependentfeatures

§ Amodular ISAdesignedforextensibility/specialization- SmallstandardbaseISA,withmultiplestandardextensions- Sparseandvariable-lengthinstructionencodingforvastopcode space

§ Stable- Baseandstandardextensionsarefrozen- Additionsviaoptionalextensions,notnewversions

§ Communitydesigned- Developedwithleadingindustry/academicexpertsandsoftwaredevelopers

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Page 4: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

RISC-VTimeline

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RISC-VISAprojectbegins

Youarehere

UserISAv1.0,Raven-1tapeout (28nm),RVCMSthesis

1st Rockettapeout,EOS14,45nm

PrivilegedArch,v1.7,RVCv1.7

UserISAv2.0IMAFDHotChips2014

FirstLinux 1stWorksho

p

RISC-VFoundationIncorporated

PrivilegedArch,v1.10

1stCo

mmercialSoC

CommercialSoftcores

7thWorksho

p

RV32E,RVC1.9

Berkeley World

Page 5: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

ModestRISC-VProjectGoal

5

Becometheindustry-standardISAforallcomputingdevices

So,how’sitgoing?

Page 6: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

IndustryAdoptionStatus§ LargecompaniesadoptingRISC-VfordeeplyembeddedcontrollersintheirSoCs (“minioncores”)-NVIDIAarepublicwiththis,othersinprogressprivately- Replaceshome-grownandcommercialcores

§ CTOsacrossentirevaluechainofICsuppliers,systemproviders,serviceproviders,areawareandimagining/evaluatingstrategiestoleverageRISC-V

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Replacing2nd-tierISAs§ Smallerproprietary-ISAsoft-coreIPcompaniesswitchingtoRISC-Vstandardtoaccesslargermarket:- Andes- Codasip- Cortus- otherstoannounce

Ifyou’reasoftcore IPprovider,youshouldhaveaRISC-Vproductindevelopment

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Page 8: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

GovernmentAdoption§ IndiahasadoptedRISC-VasnationalISA§ USDARPAmandatedRISC-Vinrecentsecuritycallforproposals

§ IsraelInnovationAuthoritycreatingGenPro platformaroundRISC-V

§ Othercountriesatvariousstagesofinvestigation

Ifyourcountrywishestocontrolsecurityofitsowninformationinfrastructure,andfurtheritsown

domesticsemiconductorindustry,sponsorRISC-V8

Page 9: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Startups§ ManystartupschoosingRISC-Vfornewproducts§ Mostarestealthysowillnotbevisibleforatleastanotheryear

Wehaven’thadtotellstartupsaboutRISC-V;theyfindoutprettyquicklywhenshoppingforprocessorIP

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CommercialEcosystemProviders§ Athemeatthisworkshopismainstreamcommercialecosystemsupport- ExpressLogic,Imperas,Lauterbach,Micrium,Segger,UltraSOC,…

Demandisdrivingsupplyincommercialecosystem

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RISC-VinAcademicResearch§ BecomingstandardISAforacademicresearch- Celerity>500RISC-VcoreSoC in16nmFinFET- FireSim modeling1,024quad-coreRISC-Vserversincloud

§ Recent“1stWorkshoponComputerArchitectureResearchusingRISC-V”(CARRV)at50thMICROinBostonwaslargestworkshop(standingroomonly)–evenbiggerthanmachinelearningtutorial

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RISC-VinEducation

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Booksavailablenow!

AvailableDecember!

RISC-Vspreadingquicklythroughoutcurriculaoftopschools

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Research

EducationIndustry

Openecosystemiskeytokeepingthevirtuouscyclegoing

RISC-V:CompletingtheInnovationCycle

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Foundation:100+Members

RISC-VFoundation

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0

20

40

60

80

100

Q3 2015 Q4 2015 Q1 2016 Q2 2016 Q3 2016 Q4 2016 Q1 2017 Q2 2017 Q3 2017 Q4 2017

RISC-V Foundation Growth HistoryAugust 2015 to November 2017

Platinum Gold Silver Auditor Individual15

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MarketingCommittee§ HiredRacepoint GlobalasFoundationmarketingfirm§ Messaging&MarketingKitreleased§ SocialMediaprogramactive- RegularTwitter&LinkedInupdates

§ MultipleRISC-Vevents(outsidetheFoundation)- CARRV,SoCConf Irvine,EEWorld webinar

§ Websiterefresh– RISC-Vnewsaggregator§ 7th Workshophas15editors/analystsinattendance

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UpcomingEvents§ RISC-VTokyo(Dec18th,2017)§ EmbeddedWorld- HaveRISC-VboothanddaylongRISC-Vseriesoftalks

§ 8th RISC-VworkshopMay2018inBarcelona-Otherregionaleventsbeingconsidered

§ DACJune2018§ HotChips August2018§ LinleyProcessorConferenceOctober2018§ Moretocome…

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RISC-VTechnicalRoadmapfor2017§ PrimarygoalsweretoformallystandardizebaseISA,memorymodel,debug,andstabilizeprivilegedarchitectureforUnixportsandtapeouts

§ Severalcorners/holesofbaseISAfixed,butnotquiteratifiedduetospecversusprofilesclarifications-Noplanstochangeanyinstructionspecificationsversus2.0

§ Unixplatformstableasofpriv 1.10-Onlybackward-compatiblechangesthereafter

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ISASpecificationsandProfiles§ OriginalISAspecsmixedinstructionspecificationswithplatformmandates- butdifficulttoagreegivenwiderangeofplatforms(4KiBmicrocontrollerversus1TiBUnixserver)

§ Nowseparatinginstructionsetspecifications fromplatformprofiles-Maximizereuseofinstructionsetspecificationsfordifferentusecases

- Constrainprofilesmoretightlytosimplifysoftwarecompatibility

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Page 20: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Expandednamingofinstructionsets§ Single-letternameswillrunoutsomeday§ Needfiner-grainnamingofinstructionsetstodescribeprofiles:- someCinstructionsdependonForDbeingpresent- howtoreportmultiplynotdivideimplemented?- needtospecifypotentiallydozensofcryptoextensions

§ UseZxxxx tonamestandardinstructionextensions(Xyyy usedfornon-standardinstructions)

§ Existingsingle-letternamesretainmeaning§ Inactivediscussiononisa-dev mailinglist

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ProfilesforSoftwareCompatibility§ SoftwareABI/SBIdefinesaprofile

- Whatharts,registers,instructions,memoryareavailable- Howprocess/OSisstarted/terminated- HowI/Ohappens- ForUnix,ABI/SBIassumesIMAFDC=GCinstructions

§ NeedprofilesforM-mode-onlymicrocontrollers- ForportablelibrariesinM-mode

§ andprofilesforMU-modemicrocontrollers- ForeachRTOSusingM&Umodes

§ andforbootingMSUplatforms§ Instructionspecsreusedinalltheseprofiles§ AimtohavefirstreadyinQ12018

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MemoryModel§ OriginalmodelwastooweakforC11andalsounderspecified

§ Amazingworkbymanyexpertsovercourseofyear§ Wehavearesolution:- RVWMOisRISC-VbaseISAmemorymodel,weaklyordered- detailedformalspecs,bothaxiomaticandoperational!- mappingfromC11tobaseISAonly,andwithAextension

- alsodefinedRVTSOasoptionalextensionprovidingstrongTSOmemorymodel(RVTSOstrictsubsetofRVWMO)

- seeDanielLustig’s talklaterthismorning

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ABIandCompilers§ CallingconventionandABIhasbeenstabilizedanddocumented

§ GCCandbinutils havebeenupstreamed andreleasedinGCC7.1(SiFive,Andes)

§ LLVMupstreaminprogress(lowRISC,Andes)

§ Othercompilers/languages:CompCert,Go,Rust,OCaml,Jikes JVM,OpenJDK (notJITyet),Forth,Pascal,…

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UnixPlatform§ PrivilegedArchitecture1.10releasedatlastworkshop§ Intentisforfutureadditionstobebackwards-compatiblewith1.10

§ Linuxportacceptedupstreamfor4.15release!§ FreeBSDmainlinesince11.0§ Hypervisorspecreleased- DesignedtosupportrecursivevirtualizationusingenhancedSmode

§ SeeAndrewWaterman’stalknext

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Page 25: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

OtherOSPorts§ ManyotherOSportsinprogressorcompleted- FreeRTOS- ZephyrOS- ApacheMyNewt- RIOT- seL4- uC/OS- LiteOS- RTEMS- ThreadX-…

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Page 26: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Run-HaltDebug§ Successfulcollaborationbetweenmanyorganizationshasresultedinastableversionawaitingratification

§ Providesanabstractinterfacetodebugsystemtosupportalternativeimplementationstyles

§ Beingtargetedbycommercialecosystempartners

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Page 27: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Summaryof2017TechnicalRoadmap§ Allplannedmajortechnicaldecisionssettled§ Somemoreworkonratificationprocessneeded

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Page 28: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

TechnicalRoadmapGoalsfor2018§ CompleteratificationofbaseISAandfirstprofiles- IMADFC,debugspecifications-UnixABI/SBIprofiles-M,MU,andMSU-modeplatformprofiles

§ Basevectorextensionsproposedandratified- ValidatewithcompilersupportinLLVM,gcc

§ Hypervisorimplemented,specratified- KVMprimary,BeehiveandXen secondary

§ Formalspeccompletedandreleased

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Page 29: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

VectorExtensions§ Reconfigurable,vector-length-agnostic,mixed-precision,vectorunitthatreplacesotherISAs’packed-SIMDextensions

§ Idealformachinelearning,DSP,graphics,supercomputing,…§ Considerablemovementondesign,gettingsimpler§ Supportforscalar,1Dvector,and2Dmatrix“shapes”ofvarioustypes(floating,int,8b,16b,32b,..,512b)

§ Cryptoextensionbuildsonwidescalarbitvectors§ “BestVectorISAEver”™§ TalktomorrowbyRogerEspasa

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Page 30: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Security§ ReallytwoseparableeffortsinFoundation:

- Trustedexecutionenvironments(TEE)- Cryptographicinstructionextensions

§ MuchotherworkincludingMITSanctum(enclaves),lowRISC(taggedmemory),CHERI(capabilities),Dover(acceleratedmetadatarules),secureboot(Microsemi,Rambus),…

§ RISC-Visdominatingsecurityresearch§ Everyoneagreessecurityisreallyimportant§ Noindustryagreementonrightsolutionforeverything§ Workinprogress

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Interrupts§ Sofar,wehavefastlocalinterrupts(per-hart)andglobalplatform-levelinterrupts(PLIC)

§ Requestsfrom:§ High-endsystems(manycores,complexdevices),wouldlikeper-hartmessage-signaledinterrupts(MSI)-MSIschemeneedstobedevelopedalongsidehypervisor

§ Low-endembedded(slowcores,dumbdevices)wantpreemptivevectoredprioritizedinterrupts- Shouldnotdisturbexistingschemes

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Page 32: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

ImprovingEmbeddedCompression§ Cextensionwasdesignedforgeneral-purposecomputing,withUnixbinaries

§ Seeingsomenon-competitiveRISC-Vcodesizeonpureembeddedworkloads

§ Likelyduetobyte,halfword memoryaccess?-moreresearchneeded

§ ConsideringalternativeCforRV32Esystems?

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JExtension§ Newtaskgroupinitiatedtoexploresupportfordynamicallytranslatedlanguages(JVM,Javascript,etc.)

§ Handlingintegeroverflow?§ Garbagecollection?§ Instructioncachemanagement?

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Page 34: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

RISC-VTechnicalPrioritiesfor2018Priorities:§ RatifyingbaseISAandprofiles,withcompliancesuites§ Hypervisorimplementations§ Basevectorspecandimplementations§ Trustedexecutionspecs,cryptosupport§ FormalmodelforbaseISAOthers:§ Message-signaledinterrupts§ Pre-emptivevectoredinterrupts§ Improvedcompressionforembedded§ Tracingsupport§ Jextension 34

Page 35: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Summary§ CurrentRISC-VecosystemusableforcommercialembeddeddevelopmentandsimplerUnixuses-Multiplesoftcore providers,ecosystemtoolpartners

§ Veryrapiddevelopmentandadoption- Bytimeyoudecidetodoproject,supportwillbethere

§ Manysiliconprojectsinpipeline,butstillnoUnix-capableRISC-VSoC forsale

§ Joincommunityandhelppushalong!

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Page 36: State of the Union - RISC-V · State of the Union Krste Asanovic UC Berkeley, RISC-V Foundation, & SiFiveInc. krste@berkeley.edu ... §A work in progress ... RISC-V Foundation Growth

Questions?

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