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Standards Innovation Lifecycle and Lessons
Rish Ghatikar Co-Chair, OASIS OCPP EV Charging Equipment Data Exchange Technical Executive, Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
OASIS OCPP EV Data Exchange TC OCPP TC Meeting
November 17, 2016
1. The U.S./California Electric Vehicle Market Adoption
2. Standards Innovation Lifecycle
3. Edge Interfaces for Standards Interoperability
4. Lessons: Standards Development and Adoption
Outline
2
In U.S., California leading the electric mobility innovation, driven by policy objectives and >$1 Billion planned investment
3
EV Infrastructure Pilots by Investor-Owned Utiltiies
PG&E (pending) SCE SDG&E 7,500 L-2 and 100 DCFC 1,500 L-1 and L-2 3,500 L-1 and L-2 $160 million $22 million $45 million Public, Workplace, MUD Public, Workplace, MUD Workplace, MUD Own and Operate Hosts Own and Operate
(SCE can manage VGI) Own and Operate
TOU Rate to Driver or Host TOU Rate to Host VGI Rate to Driver or Host
PG&E: Pacific Gas and Electric Company; SCE: Southern California Edison; SDG&E: San Diego Gas and Electric L-1: Level-1 chargers (~1.4 kW); L-2: Level-2 chargers (~7.2 kW); DCFC: Direct Current Fast Chargers (>=50 kW) MUD: Multi-Unit (Residential) Dwelling TOU: Time of Use Electricity Rate Tariff VGI: Vehicle-Grid Integration (e.g., Demand Response)
Standards Innovation lifecycle can drive policy objectives for accelerated diffusion, fair market access, and ubiquitous electric grid connectivity
Invention & Translation Adoption
[Early-stage, Regional] Diffusion
[Mature and Large-scale]
2002 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Automated Demand Response Research
Utility Technology Development and Pilots
Select Deployments
National and Global DeploymentsNext Generation Grid Development
Market Facilitation and Interoperability
Industry and Regulatory Support for Ubiquity (Building Codes)
Technology CommercializationRegulatory Support
Technology Standardization
4
Open communication standards encourage innovation and new business models*!
5
Standard Interfaces for Smart Grid Domains – Distribution Systems and Customer/Resources*
Standard Interfaces for Smart Grid Domains –Distributed Energy Resources**
* Ghatikar G., J. Zuber, E. Koch, and R. Bienert, Smart Grid and Customer Transactions: The Unrealized Benefits of Conformance, Green Energy and Systems Conference (IGESC), 2014 IEEE, November 2014. DOI 10.1109/IGESC.2014.7018633 ** Ghatikar G; Decoding Power Systems’ Integration for Clean Transportation and Decarbonized Electric Grid, The Proceedings of the India Smart Grid Week. March 2016, New Delhi.
Example: OpenADR development, as precedent for Demand Response (DR) and electricity markets interoperability
1. Research and deployments identified lacuna in the area of DR interoperability and standards: De-facto OpenADR 2. An accredited Standards Development Organization (SDO) produces formal standards: Formal OpenADR 2.0 3. Decoupled and continued standards development and adoption: Interoperability testing and certification authority
6
OASIS EI 1.0 Standards
CIM (Enterprise Qualities)
NAESB Wholesale/
Retail
UCA OpenADR TF
IRC Business Requirements
OpenADR 1.0
OpenADR 2.0 Profiles
OpenADR Alliance(Adoption, Test/Certify)
OTHER RELEVANT
STANDARDS
Ghatikar G and R. Bienert, Smart Grid Standards and Systems Interoperability: A Precedent with OpenADR, Grid-Interop Conference. December 2011. LBNL-5273E. DOI 10.13140/2.1.4163.4081
Conformance to interoperability through accredited standards development organization (SDO)
7
ITCA
Standards Dev. Organization
Stan
dard
s C
onfo
rman
ce/ I
nter
oper
abili
ty
PICS: Performance/Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement i-PICS: Interoperability PICS
Ghatikar G and R. Bienert, Smart Grid Standards and Systems Interoperability: A Precedent with OpenADR, Grid-Interop Conference. Dec. 2011. LBNL-5273E. DOI 10.13140/2.1.4163.4081
¤ The interoperability testing and certification authority (ITCA) is responsible for: ¤ [Optionally profiling the standards] ¤ Create PICS documents ¤ Develop test plan and testing. ¤ Develop certification documents ¤ Provide certification test tool and labeling services.
¤ Test tool and testing can be carried out by third-parties.
¤ Members obtain test tool for pre-tests and certification testing at the test lab
Interoperability certification enables device level integration (E.g., of DR controls for CA 2013 Title 24 building codes)
• Automated DR controls for HVAC, indoor lighting, and sign lighting. !
8
Building Code
Strategy to Encourage Participation in DR Transactions Curtailable
Load DR
Controls Certification of
DR Systems Participation in
DR Transactions
Monitoring & Reporting
Base Codes 2013 Title 24 (Part 6), California Building Energy Efficiency Standards
Yes Yes
Yes
No
Yes
ASHRAE 90.1-2013, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Yes
No No
No Yes
2012 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC)
Yes
No
No
No
No
2012 International Res. Code (IRC) Yes No
No
No
No
Reach Codes and Building Rating Systems 2013 CALGreen (Title 24, Part 11), California Green Building Standards
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
ASHRAE 189.1-2011, Standard for the Design of High Performance Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
International Green Construction Code (IGCC) Yes
Yes
No
No No
LEED DR Credit by U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
G. Ghatikar, E.H.Y Sung, and M.A. Piette, Diffusion of Automated Grid Transactions Through Energy Efficiency Codes, Proceedings of the ECEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency, Toulon/Hyères, France, June 2015.
Thank You!
Rish Ghatikar [email protected]