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7/23/2019 StairCases 5(1)
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STAIRCASES
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Relativity, 1953, M.C.ESCHER
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Angkor Wat Steps,Camboia
Symboli! Meaning o"Stair!ase
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#aris $pera Ho%se by C&arles 'arnier, (ea%) Arts
Ar!&ite!t%re Movement
Re*e!ting Ar!&ite!t%ralMovement
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'lass Spiral Stair!ase at AppleStore , (oston
Stair!ase as a+i"estyle
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Form
Feature Staircase at Lobby, New MajesticHotel Sin a ore
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Material
Feature Staircase, Longchamp Retail Storein New York Cit
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etailing
Hanging Staircase, !pple Store,"ei in
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9/61esign "or all people-.
niversal/esign
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&anrails or g%ies to assist
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lanings to break a "all an provie apla!e "or rest
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s%0!ient &earoom to avoiin%ry
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barriers against "alling "rom 1.2 m or more "rom anopen sie
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STAIR TYPES
Straight flight: Not more than
18 rises without a change in
direction
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STAIR TYPES contd
!uarter turn with
landing
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STAIR TYPES contd
"alf turn with landing #doglegged stair$
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STAIR TYPES contd
!uarter turn with %ite winders
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"alf turn with winders
STAIR TYPES contd
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&'en (ell or Newel stair cases&'en (ell or Newel stair cases
(IT" INTER)E*IATE +,I-"T
(IT"&.T INTER)E*IATE +,I-"T
I- FLIGHT
II- FLIGHT
III- FLIGHT
LANDING
OPEN
WELL
OPEN
WELL
STAIR TYPES contd
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Circular and s'iral
stairs
STAIR TYPES contd
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/ased on t0'e of s'an/ased on t0'e of s'an
Horizontally spanning or transversely
spanning staircase
Longit!inally spanning staircase"
C,ASSI+ICATI&N
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#
*efinition
A stair is a conenient means of access 2etween the floors
of a 2uilding
It is constructed to 'roide read03 eas03 comforta2le andsafe ascent4descent with series of ste's that are neither
la2orious nor difficult to clim2 within an enclosure called
stairwell #staircase$
Stairs ma0 2e made from tim2er3 2ric%s3 stone3 metal and'lain and reinforced cement concrete
+inishing of mar2le3 tiles3 'laster3 etc are also 'roided
STAIR AN* ITS -E&)ETRY
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Stair Terminolog0
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#
1+light$ Flig%t is an ninterrpte! series o& steps 'et(een&loors or 'et(een &loor an! lan!ings) or 'et(een lan!ing an!
lan!ing"
5 ,anding$ Flat plat&or* at t%e %ea! o& a series o& steps"
6 Stairwell$ T%e space in (%ic% stair+lan!ing are %ose!"
7 Tread$ it is t%e pper sr&ace o& a step on (%ic% t%e &oot is
place! !ring ascent+!escen!s"
Riser$ T%e vertical *e*'er 'et(een t(o sccessive
trea!s"
Stair Terminolog0
S
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9 Ste's: T%e steps o& a stair are *a!e &ro* a series o&
%orizontal trea!s (it% risers in 'et(een"
Rise: It is t%e !istance *easre! vertically &ro* t%e sr&ace
o& one trea! to t%e sr&ace o& ot%er"
8 -oing$ !istance *easre! %orizontally &ro* t%e &ace o& oneriser to t%e &ace o& t%e ne,t riser"
; Nosing: T%e e,pose! e!ge o& a trea!) sally proecting
(it% a s.are) ron!e! or splaye! e!ge" An i*aginary lineconnecting all t%e nosing points parallel to t%e slope o& stair is
calle! line o& nosing"
Stair Terminolog0 contd
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1
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17 Pitch$ t%e inclination o& stair can 'e !e&ine! as eit%er 'y
t%e rise an! going o& t%e steps or as a pitc% o& a stair) (%ic%
is t%e angle o& stair (it% t%e %orizontal" T%e !i*ensions o& t%erise+going o& steps !eter*ine (%et%er stair is steep
0practically i*possi'le to cli*'1 or s%allo( 0too
la'orios+e,%asting to cli*'1"
1 "eadroom4Clearance$ It is t%e clear vertical !istance
'et(een t%e trea! o& t%e step an! so&&it o& t%e stair a'ove"
For people an! &or *oving goo!s + &rnitre) t%e *ini**
%ea! roo* o& 2"#* 0*easre! vertically1 is reco**en!e!
'et(een line o& nosing+so&&it o& stair) (it% *ini** clearanceo& #"3* *easre! at rig%t angle to t%e nosing line"
19 (inder: 4a!iating steps &or c%anging !irection o& a stair"
Stair Terminolog0 contd
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5ontents
De&inition an! parts o& 6tair cases
Types o& stair cases 4e.ire*ents
Pro'le*s
Art o& Dra(ing
*etailing of Staircase
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STAIR CASE
*efinition
6tair cases are se! &or t%e prpose o&
giving access to !i&&erent &loors o& a
strctre"
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Parts of stair a caseParts of stair a case
G
T
N
4
W
Le
L#L2
FLIGHT
FIG"# PA4T6 OF 6TAI4 5A6EFig" 2 DOG LEGGED 6TAI4 5A6E
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Parts of stairs contdParts of stairs contd
Flig%t an! lan!ing"
6teps
4ise-4
Going-G7T-NTrea!-T
Nosing -N
G
T
N
4
W
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T0'es of stair casesT0'es of stair cases
/ased on sha'e
6traig%t stairs
Dog legge! stairs
Open (ell or open ne(el stairs
Geo*etrical stairs sc% as spiral) circlar) etc"
Free stan!ing stair cases
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Horizontally spanning or transverselyspanning staircase
Longit!inally spanning staircase"
Classification /ased on t0'e of s'an/ased on t0'e of s'an
T0'es of stair casesT0'es of stair cases
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&T"ER STAIRCASES&T"ER STAIRCASES
6PI4AL ANDGEO8ET4I5
6TAI45A6E64I6E4 AND T4EAD 6TAI45A6E
T0'es of stair casesT0'es of stair cases
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-uide lines for fi=ing the dimensions-uide lines for fi=ing the dimensions4ise 041 $ #39** to #:9**
Trea! 0T1 $ 229 ** to 239 **- &or resi!ential 'il!ings"
4ise 041 $ #29 to #39 **Trea! 0T1 $ 239 ** to ;99 ** < &or p'lic 'il!ings
=T > 24? $ @et(een 399 ** to 39 **
T%e (i!t% o& t%e stair 9": * to # * &or resi!ential 'il!ing an! #": * to 2 * &or p'lic 'il!ing"
Re>uirementsRe>uirements
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-uide lines for fi=ing the dimensions-uide lines for fi=ing the dimensions Contd?Contd?
T%e (i!t% o& t%e lan!ing is e.al to t%e (i!t% o& stairs"
T%e n*'er o& steps in eac% &lig%t s%ol! not 'e greatert%an #2
T%e pitc% o& t%e stair s%ol! not 'e *ore t%an ;: !egrees"
T%e %ea! roo* *easre! vertically a'ove any step or
'elo( t%e *i! lan!ing s%all not 'e less t%an 2"# *"
Re>uirements contdRe>uirements contd
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*esign of stairs*esign of stairsDesign &or *a,i** 'en!ing *o*ent an! c%ecB &or*a,i** s%ear &orce"
T%e !ept% is to 'e &i,e! &ro* !e&lection criteria"
6tair case sla' is !esigne! as a conventional sla'"
All rles regar!ing t%e !etailing are si*ilar to t%at o& sla'"
Enog% !evelop*ent an! anc%orage lengt%s &or steels%ol! 'e provi!e!"
Re>uirements contdRe>uirements contd
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Le
LANDING
WAI6T 6LA@
5ase 0a1
EFFE5TI/E 6PAN FO4
LONGITCDINALL6PANNING 6TAI45A6E6
WALL
WAI6T 6LA@ 6CPPO4TED AT THE
END6 OF LANDING6
Re>uirements contdRe>uirements contd
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EFFE5TI/E 6PAN FO4
LONGITCDINALL6PANNING 6TAI45A6E6
Le
5ase 0c1
5ase 0'1
,e
Le7G >= >?) #* AND #*
Le7c+c o& 'ea*s
GOING7G
Re>uirements contdRe>uirements contd
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E=erciseE=ercise
A dog legged stair case is to 2e detailed with the
following 'articulars:
5lear !i*ension o& stair case roo*7": * , 2"# *
T%e &loor to &loor %eig%t is ;"2 *
Wi!t% o& eac% trea! 7239 **
Heig%t o& eac% rise 7 #9 **
T%icBness o& (aist sla' 7 #39 **
Wi!t% o& &lig%t 7#*
All ron! (all 7 2;9 **
Pro2lemPro2lem
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E=erciseE=ercise contd3contd3
@ot% &lig%ts are spporte! at t%e en!s o&lan!ing on 2;9 ** (all"0Lan!ing an! &lig%t spans in t%esa*e !irection1
T%e &irst &lig%t starts &ro* t%e plint% level
*raw to a suita2le scale
T%e plan o& stair case 6ectional elevation o& t%e Gron! &lig%t 6ectional elevation o& t%e First &lig%t
E=erciseE=ercise
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SolutionSolution *imensioning:
47#9 **) T7 239 **
Floor to &loor %eig%t 7 ;299**
No o& rises 7 ;299+4 7 29" Eac% &lig%t %as #9 rises"
No o& trea!s per &lig%t7#9-# 7
Wi!t% o& lan!ing along &lig%t7 0:9-,2391+2 7 ###3**"
Going o& &lig%t7,239 72239**
E=erciseE=ercise contd3contd3
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E=erciseE=ercise
Plan o& stair case
P,AN
###3 ** ###3 **2239 **
Le7 #9 **
Gap79"#*2#99
5lear !i*ension o& stair case roo*7": * , 2"# *
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Than% You
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Transersall0 s'anning stair caseTransersall0 s'anning stair case
6TEP6
6T4INGE4
@EA86 6T4INGE4
@EA8
9"3 Ast
9"#Le-
9"#3Le
Le
Ast
D#D2
6TI44CP
8AIN 6TEEL
DI6T" 6TEEL
*etailing 'rinci'les*etailing 'rinci'les
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,ongitudinall0 s'anning staircase,ongitudinall0 s'anning staircase
*etailing*etailing
6teel at 'otto* longit!inally-tension
Anc%orage an! !evelop*ent steel
Distri'tion steel
4o( o& c%airs
No*inal &on!ation &or gron! &lig%t
*etailing 'rinci'les contd*etailing 'rinci'les contd
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4OW OF 5HAI46
399 **
399 **
GL
Wall
FOCNDATION
-R&.N* +,I-"T
8AIN 6TEEL
J #2 K #29
DI6T" 6TEEL
J : K 299
1