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Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 1 With the support of
Southeast Asia Aurélie Acoca
Assessment, Information, Monitoring and Statistics Unit, UIS-Bangkok UNESCO Bangkok
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference
6-8 August 2014 Bangkok, Thailand
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 2 With the support of
OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
I. SUB-REGIONAL OVERVIEW
II. PROGRESS TOWARD EDUCATION FOR ALL
III. REMAINING GAPS AND ISSUES
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 3 With the support of
I. SUB-REGIONAL OVERVIEW
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 4 With the support of
0
20
40
60
80
100G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
2000 2012
0
20
40
60
80
100G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
2000 2012
Asia and the Pacific
OVERVIEW OF THE PROGRESS SINCE 2000
♦ Significant progress in goal 1 but still only 70% of children participate in ECCE. Good progress in goals 3 and 6. ♦ The sub-region had a good starting point as, already in 2000, primary education was almost universal and there was
equal participation of boys and girls in primary (goals 2 and 5).
0
20
40
60
80
100G1
G2
G3
G4
G5
G6
2000 2012
World East Asia and the Pacific
Note: Goal 1 is represented by the GER in pre-primary, Goal 2 by the ANER in primary, Goal 3 by the GER in secondary, Goal 4 by the adult literacy rate, Goal 5 by the GPI of the ANER in primary and Goal 6 by the gross intake rate in the last grade of primary (proxy of completion). “Dot” is representing PTR of primary in goal 6
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 5 With the support of
II. PROGRESS TOWARD EDUCATION FOR ALL: GOAL 1-6
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 6 With the support of
GOAL 1: EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE AND EDUCATION
6 7
52
24
51
40
71
93
26
11 9
32
63 61
86 95
38
10 9 15
24 34
48
70 77
92
119
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Myanmar Cambodia Lao PDR Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Viet Nam Brunei Darussalam Thailand Philippines Timor-Leste
2000 2005 2012
Gross enrolment ratio (GER) in pre-primary education
♦ Average pre-primary GER in East Asia and the Pacific increased from 40% in 2000 to 68% in 2012.
♦ Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam reached over 70% of pre-primary GER in 2012.
East Asia and the Pacific (Sub-regional average)
40% (2000) 68% (2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 7 With the support of
GOAL 2: UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION Adjusted net enrolment rates (ANER) in primary education in 2012
♦ Average primary ANER in East Asia and the Pacific increased from 95% in 2000 to 96% in 2012.
♦ Particularly, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Singapore and Viet Nam made great improvement in primary ANER since 2000.
75
92 92
96
98
95
79
90
97
89
92 95 96 96 96
98 98
60
70
80
90
100
Timor-Leste Indonesia Brunei Darussalam Lao PDR Singapore Cambodia Viet Nam Malaysia Philippines
2000 2005 2012
East Asia and the Pacific 95% (2000) 96% (2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 8 With the support of
GOAL 3: YOUTH & ADULT SKILLS
20
33
75
92
27
44
83
91 89
42
51
69
89 91
93
0
20
40
60
80
100
Lao PDR Myanmar Singapore Indonesia Malaysia BruneiDarussalam
2000 2005 2012
Transition rate from primary to secondary education in 2012
77
81
84
95 96
98 100 100 100
70
80
90
100
Myanmar Cambodia Lao PDR Timor-Leste Indonesia Singapore BruneiDarussalam
Malaysia Viet Nam
2012 2005 2000
Adjusted net enrolment rates (ANER) in lower secondary education
♦ Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Timor-Leste and Viet Nam reached over 95% of transition rate from primary to secondary education in 2012.
♦ Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia and Malaysia reached close to 90% of lower secondary ANER in 2012.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 9 With the support of
GOAL 4: ADULT LITERACY
74
85 84
95 94 94 95 96 96 96 96
58
74 78
93 93 93 93 95 95 95 96
49
74
69
90 90 89 90 93 93 93 93
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Timor-Leste Cambodia Lao PDR Myanmar Indonesia Malaysia Viet Nam Thailand Philippines Brunei Darussalam Singapore
2015 target 2012 (latest year available) base line
Progress in adult literacy rate in selected countries
(2001)
♦ Most of the countries in Southeast Asia made progress in adult literacy since the base-line year.
♦ Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam reached over 90% of adult literacy in 2012.
East Asia and the Pacific 95% (2012)
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
(2004)
(2001)
(2000) (2004) (2000) (1999)
(2000) (2000) (2001) (2000)
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 10 With the support of
GOAL 5: GENDER EQUALITY
0.95 0.95 0.95
0.98 0.99 1.00
1.01
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
Lao PDR Cambodia Thailand BruneiDarussalam
Myanmar Singapore Viet Nam
2012 2000
1.00
GPI in primary GER GPI in lower secondary GER
0.89 0.91
0.98 1.00 1.00 1.02 1.03
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
Lao PDR Malaysia BruneiDarussalam
Cambodia Viet Nam Singapore Myanmar
2012 2000
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
♦ Most countries in Southeast Asia have GPI in primary and lower secondary GER close to 1.00, providing equal educational opportunities for both boys and girls.
♦ Particularly, Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam improved their GPI in primary GER from 2000 to 2012. Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam improved their GPI in lower secondary GER from 2000 to 2012.
1.00
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 11 With the support of
GOAL 6: QUALITY EDUCATION
77
63
80
84 83
98
76
93 88
97 100 100 100
60
70
80
90
100
110
Brunei Darussalam Lao PDR Cambodia Myanmar Viet Nam
2000 2005 2012
Percentage of trained teachers in primary education
11 12 16
19 19
27 28 30
35
46
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
BruneiDarussalam
Malaysia Thailand Indonesia Viet Nam Lao PDR Myanmar Singapore Philippines Cambodia
2012 2000 2005
Pupil- teacher ratio in primary education
40:1 Maximum recommended benchmark
East Asia and the Pacific 24:1 (2000) 19:1 (2012)
♦ Average primary PTR in East Asia and the Pacific dropped from 24:1 in 2000 to 19:1 in 2012. Most countries are below the maximum recommended benchmark (40:1)
♦ Cambodia, Myanmar and Viet Nam reached 100% of primary trained teachers in 2012.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 12 With the support of
III. REMAINING GAPS & ISSUES
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 13 With the support of
A GAP IN ACCESS TO PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION
9 15
24
34
48
70 77
92
119
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Myanmar Cambodia Lao PDR Singapore Indonesia Malaysia Viet Nam BruneiDarussalam
Thailand
GER in pre-primary education in 2012
East Asia and the Pacific (2012)
68%
♦ Average pre-primary GER in East Asia and the Pacific is 68% in 2012, but there is a gap in access to pre-primary education among countries in Southeast Asia.
♦ Thailand, Brunei Darussalam, Viet Nam and Malaysia are above the sub-regional average by respectively 51, 24, 9 and 2 percentage points.
♦ Indonesia, Singapore, Lao PDR, Cambodia and Myanmar are below the sub-regional average by respectively 20, 34, 44, 53 and 59 percentage points.
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 14 With the support of
ACCESS TO SECONDARY EDUCATION
58 58 62 63
91 92 92
99 103
110
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
Lao
PD
R
Mya
nm
ar
Tim
or-
Lest
e
Cam
bo
dia
Ind
on
esi
a
Mal
aysi
a
Vie
t N
am
Thai
lan
d
Sin
gap
ore
Bru
nei
Dar
uss
alam
GER in lower secondary education in 2012
East Asia and the Pacific (2012)
97%
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
♦ Average lower secondary GER in East Asia and the Pacific is 97% in 2012, but there is a gap in access to lower secondary education among countries in Southeast Asia.
♦ Brunei Darussalam, Singapore and Thailand are above the sub-regional average by respectively 13, 6 and 2 percentage points.
♦ Viet Nam, Malaysia and Indonesia are close to the sub-regional average by respectively 5, 5 and 6 percentage points.
♦ Cambodia, Timor-Leste, Myanmar and Lao PDR are below the sub-regional average by respectively 34, 35, 39 and 39 percentage points.
Asia-Pacific Regional Education Conference | 6-8 August 2014 | Bangkok, Thailand 15 With the support of
Top 5 countries in Southeast Asia with highest adult illiterate population* in 2012
Country Population (in thousands)
Indonesia 12,318 (13.9%)
Myanmar 2,908 (3.3%)
Thailand 1,897 (2.1%)
Malaysia 1,427 (1.6%)
Timor-Leste 237 (0.3%)
East Asia and the Pacific 88,386 (100%) Note*: Adult population is age 15 and above Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics Database, July 2014
Out of school adolescents of lower secondary school age in 2012
Country Population (in thousands)
Female (%)
Indonesia 1,674 (22.5%) 43%
Lao PRD 178 (2.4%) 54%
Malaysia 154 (2.1%) 71%
Timor-Leste 34 (0.5%) 50%
East Asia and the Pacific 7,426 (100%) 46%
ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH ACCESS TO SECONDARY EDUCATION
♦ Some countries have large number of out of school adolescents in the lower secondary school age. Particularly the female rate is high in Malaysia (71%), Lao PDR (54%) and Timor-Leste (50%) in 2012.
♦ Some countries have large number of adult illiterate population, such as Indonesia (12,318,000), Myanmar (2,908,000) and Thailand (1,897,000) in 2012.