Social Vision (Samuka Nookku) | Vol 01 | June - July 2013

,yq;if K];ypk;fs;

Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpidAk; - mlf;FKiwAk;

-vk;.ngsrh;

vjph;nfhs;Sk; rthy;fSk;

tpLgLtjw;fhd topKiwfSk;

-gp];kp

Patriotism, allegiance and loyalty ofSrilankan Muslims to Mother Lanka-Dr. Rifai Naleemi

rpiw kPz;l Mrhj; rhyp

,d xLf;Fjypd; milahsk;

-K]y;khd;

,yq;iff;F ntspapy; thOk;

,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; gzp!

-igA+]; mfkl;

ghypay; kakhf;fg;gLk;

rpWguhak;

-mg;Jy; gh]ph;

K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd epoy; Aj;jk;>

ep[ Aj;jj;ij tpl Mgj;jhdJ

-gp.V. fhjh;

nghJ gy Nrdtpd; cUthf;fk;

rpq;fs ,dj;JNtrj;jpd; Gjpa fl;lk;

-Nrdd;

Ra tprhuiz

nra;aNtz;bajd; mtrpak;!

-mg;Jy; th[pj;

An NoorSri Lankan Muslim Cultural Centre UK-Amanulla Kamaldeen

'cj;jkh;fshf Ntz;baJ kdpjh;fNs

md;wp ,dNkh> kjNkh my;y"

-rkpj;j Njuh; (Neh;fhzy;)

K];ypk;:

Nfs;tpf;Fs;shFk; milahsk;!

-K`k;kj; v];.Mh; ep];j;jhh;

vjpup (fh\;kPh; rpWfij)

V.[p. mj;jhh;

-vk;.up\hd; n\uPg;

,dg;gLnfhiyfshy; R+og;gl;Ls;s

kpad;khh; K];ypk;fs;

-Wkhdh

Importance of Politicalknowledge for youth-Shajee Buhary

epy Mf;fpukpg;Gk;>

fhzpg; gpur;rpidAk;

-v];.rpghd;

tlkhfhz K];ypk;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wk;

jPh;f;fg;glhj gpur;rpidahf njhlh;fpwJ

-]gp

ny];lh; khefuk; (If;fpa ,uhr;rpak;)

,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; tho;Tk; tsh;r;rpAk;

-mG+ ma;A+g; K`k;kJ ,];khapy;

03

cs;slf;fk;

,r;rQ;rpif gy rNfhjuh;fspdJk; ez;gh;fspdJk; xj;Jiog;Gld;jhd; njhlh;r;rpahf ntsptUtJ

rhj;jpakhdJ. xU ,jOf;fhd mz;zsthd epjpr; nrythf> £1200.00 nrytplg;gLfpwJ. jdpg;gl;l cjtp>

re;jh> tpsk;guk; vd cq;fspdJ KO Mjutpid jhUq;fs;. Gyk;ngah; ehLfspy; ePq;fs; thOk; gpuNjrj;jpy;

,jio kf;fsplk; nfhz;Lnry;Yq;fs;. cq;fs; ez;gh;fSf;Fk; mwpKfg;gLj;Jq;fs;. ,e;jf; $l;L Ntiyapy;

cq;fsJ nghWg;ig Kd;te;J vLj;Jf;nfhs;SkhW Ntz;bf;nfhs;fpNwhk;.

Mrpupah; FO

09

11

18

20

22

27

34

38

40

42

45

49

51

54

55

56

58

r f Nehf;% FS O C I A L V I S I O N

Administrative Editor: M Fauzer Assistant Editors: A Wajith, M A BaazirBoard of Members:

Dr. Rifai (Naleemi), Mustapha B Zamaan, A.M Mohamed Ismail, M Ilham, A.S.M Aashiq, A.L NowzadAddress: 166 Plum Lane, London, SE18 3HF, United Kingdom

Email: [email protected] | Web: www.samukanookku.net | Tel: 0044 7817262980

Mrpupa jiyaq;fk;

United Kingdom : £3.00Europe : !4.00US, Canada, Australia : 6.00 USDMiddle East : 7.00 SA.Riyals

United Kingdom : £10.00Europe : !15.00US, Canada, Australia : 25.00 USDMiddle East : 30.00 SA.Riyals

3 Issues only (Postal Charge Included)

,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; ,dj;Jt> r%f tplaq;fis

Kd;dpWj;jp ,yq;if> Gyk;ngau; ehLfspy; tho;e;J

tUfpd;w K];ypk; kf;fspilNa murpay; GupjYld; $ba

fUj;Jg; gfpu;tpid njhlq;fp itg;gJ vkJ Kjy;

Nehf;fkhFk;. K];ypk; kf;fSf;Fs; ,Uf;fpd;w gy;Ntwhd

murpay;> r%ff; fUj;Jfis nghJj;jsj;jpw;F

nfhz;LtUtJk;> murpay; uPjpahf MNuhf;fpakhd

tpthjq;fisAk;> ciuahly;fisAk; K];ypk;fSf;Fs;Sk;

ntspapYk; eilngw Cf;f rf;jpahf ,Ug;gJ vkJ

,uz;lhtJ Nehf;fkhFk;.

,yq;if K];ypk;fs;> ,d fyhrhu nghUshjuj; jsq;fspy;

kpfNkhrkhd mlf;FKiwiaAk; neUf;fbfisAk;

vjpu;nfhs;fpd;w fhyfl;lkpJ.,e;j epiy K];ypk; kf;fs;

kPJ njhlu;fpd;w mNjrkaj;jpy;> xl;Lnkhj;j ,yq;if

kf;fs; kPJk;> xLf;fg;gLfpd;w Njrpa ,dq;fs; kPJk;

xLf;Fjy; Mog;gl;L nry;fpwJ. ,e;j fhyfl;lj;jpy;

mlf;Fk; Mjpf;f rf;jpfs; Fwpj;J itf;fg;gl Ntz;ba

tpku;rdKk; kf;fis Nehf;fp nra;ag;gl Ntz;ba

tpopg;Gzu;Tk; ,d;wpaikahjitahFk;.

vkJ ,e;j Kaw;rp ehshe;j nra;jpfis kf;fSf;F nfhz;L

Nru;g;gij ,yf;fhf nfhz;ljy;y. xLf;FNthUf;Fk;

xLf;fg;gLNthUf;Fkpilapyhd mbg;gil NtWghl;bid

njspTgLj;JtJk;> xLf;fg;gLk; kf;fspd; cupikfisAk;

FuypidAk; 'ahtUk; NfsPu;" vd vj;jp itg;gJld;>

mlf;FKiwia vjpu;nfhs;tjw;fhd fUj;JUthf;fj;jpid

gyg;gLj;JtJNkahFk;.

vkJ KjyhtJ ,jopy;> ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; rkfhyj;jpy;

vjpu;nfhs;fpd;w rpy tplaq;fis gy vOj;jhsu;fs;>

fUj;jhsu;fspd; vOj;Jfspd; topahf NeubahfTk;> xg;gPL

nra;Jk; cq;fsplk; nfhz;L te;J Nru;j;jpUf;fpNwhk;.

,jpYs;s midj;Jf; fUj;JfspYk; ePq;fs; cld;ghL

nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd ehq;fs; ve;j vjpu;ghu;g;gpidAk;

nfhz;ltu;fsy;y. cq;fSf;Fs;spUf;Fk; fUj;jpidAk;

czu;tpidAk; vOJkhW Nfl;fpNwhk;. r%f ed;ik fUjp

,e;j Kaw;rp njhlu MjuT jUkhWk; Ntz;LfpNwhk;.

mLj;j ,jopy; njhlu;Nthk;...

-Mrpupau; FO

MGSJ�JSXMS�

UH�MK�

Volume: 01 | June - July 2013(By Monthly)

The (Temporary) Bank Details:

Bank : Barclays (UK)A/C Name : AHM NIYASA/C Number : 70950203Sort Code : 20-71-06

It is a community magazinePrivate circulation only

murpay;

r%f Nehf;F Social Vision June - July 201303

Rje;jpuj;jpw;F gpd;dhd ,yq;ifapd; tuyhNw ,dj;Jt Nkyhjpf;fj;jpid gpd;Gykhff;nfhz;l topahfNt efh;e;Jte;Js;sJ. Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpid vd;gJ rpq;fs> jkpo; gpur;rpidahfTk;> 1985f;F gpd; tlf;F> fpof;F gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; jkpo; K];ypk; gpur;rpidahfTNk ,Jtiu milahsg;gLj;jg; gl;L te;jpUf;fpwJ. ,dg;gpur;rpidapd; gupkhzNk ehd;F Njrpa ,dq;fs; rk;ge;jg;gl;lJjhd;.

K];ypk;fis Kd;itj;J tlf;F fpof;fpy; epytpa Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpidahdJ jkpo;> K];ypk; gpur;rpid kl;Lkd;W mJ rpq;fs> K];ypk; gpur;rpidAk;jhd;. ,e;j ,uz;lhtJ tplak;> md;W KjyhtJ tplaj;jpd; cldb tpisthy; kiwf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. MSk; FOkj;jhy; tlf;F fpof;F K];ypk;fs; md;W Nkhrkhf ghjpf;fg;gl;b Ue;jdh;. fpof;F khfhz K];ypk;fs; rpq;fs FbNaw; wj;jhYk; murpd; nkhopf;nfhs;if njhlf;fk;> midj;JtiffspYkhd ghuhgl;rk; fhuzkhf Nkhrkhf ghjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jdh;. ,yq;if MSk; FOkj;jpd; ,U gpujhd fl;rpfshd If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp> =yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rp Nghd;w fl;rpfspy; ,k;kf;fs; ek;gpf;if ,oe;jpUe;jdh;. vk;.vr;.vk;. m\;ug; jiyikapyhd =yq;fh K];ypk; fhq;fpu ]pd; Njhw;wj;jpw;Fk; ];jhgpjg; gyj;jpw;Fk; jkpo; K];ypk; gpur;rpid> Kuz;ghL kl;Lky;y> K];ypk;f spilNa Vw;gl;bUe;j rpq;fs MSk; FOkj;jpd; kPjhd ek;gpf;ifaPdKk;> vjph;g;Gzh;Tk; fhuzkhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ. ,d;iwa epiyikapy; Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpidahdJ Kg;gupkhzj;jpd; tbtj;ijg; ngUfpwJ. NghUf;Fg; gpd; kpf ntspg;gilahf rpq;fs K];ypk; Kuz;ghlhf mJ $h;ikailfpwJ.

,yq;ifapd; ,d;iwa murpw;F ehl;bw;F cs;Sk; ntspNaAk; vjpupfs; Njit. xU rpy jUzq;fspy; mJ mnkupf;fhit> Nkw;if vjph;g;gjhf ghhrhq;F nra;Ak;. ,jd; %yk; mnkupf;f vjph;g;G ehLfspd; Mjuit mJ ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk;. rPdhitf; fhl;b ,e;jpahTlDk;> ,e;jpahitf; fhl;b rPdhTlDk; fha;fis efh;j;Jk;. rh;tNjr jsj;jpy; kl;Lky;y cs;ehl;bYk; muR nrhe;j kf;fisNa vjpupfs; Nghy;jhd; elhj;JfpwJ. [dehaf kWg;G> xU FLk;gj;jpd; rh;tjpfhu Ml;rp> Coy;> mjpfhu J\;gpuNahfk; vd mJ jd;id ntspg;gLj;jp epw;fpwJ. rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; cw;w ez;gdhf

kj milahsq;fis Fwpitj;Jk;> tzpf epWtdq; fisf; Fwpitj;Jk; FbapUg;G gpuNjrq;fisf; Fwpitj;Jk; ,j;jhf;Fjy;fs;> mr;RWj;jy;fs; njhlh; fpd;wd. (ghh;f;f ml;ltid II a,b,c) kj> fyhrhu milahsk;> nghUshjhuk;> fy;tptha;g;G> Fbg;g uk;gy;> FbapUg;Gfs; vd;gd K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd Mjpf;f rf;jpfspd; Nehf;fhf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,t; mk; rq;fs; kPjhd vjph;g;Gzh;Tk;> mlf;F KiwAk;> mr;RWj;jYk; ve;jstpw;F xU ,df; FOkj;jpd; Rah jPdj;ijAk; mjd; ,ay;ghd ,Ug;igAk; ghjpf;Fk; vd;gJ ek; vy;NyhUk; mwpe;jNj.

Gdpj gpuNjrq;fspd; ngauhy; ePz;lfhy ];jhgp jj;ijf; nfhz;l gs;spthry;fis mfw;Wjy;> RtPf hpj;jy;> ghq;F xypg;gij jilnra;jy;> fyhrhu Mil mzpAk; K];ypk; ngz;fis> Mz;fis mr;RWj;Jjy;> mtw;wpid mzpaf;$lhJ vd eph;g; ge;jpj;jy;> K];ypk; th;j;jf epWtdq;fis Gwf;f zpj;jy;> th;j;jf ,yf;Ffs; kPJ jhf;Fjy; elhj;Jjy;> #iwahLjy;> jPitj;jy;> K];ypk;fSf;Fs; gaq;fu thjk;> mbg;gilthjk; jiyJ}f;FfpwJ vd gpur;rh ug;gLj;Jjy;> vr;rhpj;jy;> K];ypk;fs; kPJ fho;g; igAk;> tpNuhjj;ijAk; rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Vw;g Lj;Jtjw;fhf Mh;g;ghl;l NguzpfisAk;> nghJf; $l;lq;fisAk; khehLfisAk; elhj;Jjy;> ,j;j ifa gpur;rhuq;fSf;F Clfq;fisg; ghtpj;jy;> K];ypk;fspd; ghuk;ghpa tho;tplq;fspypUe;J mk; kf;fis ntspNaWkhW vr;rhpj;jy; vd epiyikfs; njhlh;fpd;wd. 2011k; Mz;bypUe;J ,Jtiu 100f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l rk;gtq;fs; epfo;e;Js;sij vk;khy; jpul;lg;gl;l Mjhuq;fs; cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.

Colombo Telegraph, Secretariat for Muslim (SFM) jfty;fis Kd;itj;J fle;j Vg;uy; khjk; elhj;jg;gl;l (2013 [dthp njhlf;fk; khh;r; tiuahd rk;gtq;fs;) Ma;tpy; nfhOk;G> fk;g`h> fSj;Jiw> kl;lf; fsg;G> gJis> mDuhjGuk;> ,uj;jpdGhp khtl;lq; fspy; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd mr;RWj;jy;fs; mjpfk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sij mt;tha;T cWjpg;gLj;J fpwJ. mj;Jld; ,e;j tplaq;fs;> nghJg; Ngr;Rf;fs; (Public Speech) cly; hPjpahd jhf;Fjy;fs;> vr;rhpf;if tpLj;jy; NjrpahPjpahd Rtnuhl;bg; gpur;rhuk;> Clf mwpf;iffs;> Clfg; gpur;rhuk; vd;gtw;wpd; topNa mjpfk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtjhfTk; ,jd; ngWNgwhf rpq;fs> K];ypk; kf;fSf;fpilapyhd gpsTfs; mjpfhpj;jpUg;gjhfTk;> K];ypk;fs; njhlh;

tho;fpd;w K];ypk;fs; (XusT fpof;F khfhzk; jtpu) Vida khtl;lq;fspy; rpq;fs> jkpo; kf;f spd; FbapUg;Gf;fs; #oNt jkJ tho;tplq;fs;> njhopy; Jiwfisf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdh;. tpfpjhrhu Njh; jy; Kiwapd; Clhf jkf;fhd ghuhSkd;w murpay; gpujpepjpj;J tj;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;sf;$ba khtl;lq;fshf mk;ghiw> kl;lf;f sg;G> jpUf;Nfhzhkiy> kd;dhh;> tTdpah> nfhOk;G> fz;b> Nffhiy> fSj;Jiw> ,uj;jpdGhp> fk;g`h Mfpa khtl;lq;fNs ,Uf;fpd;wd. (,uj;jpdGhp> fk;g`h Mfpa khtl;lq;fspy; ,k;Kiw

gpujpepjpj;Jtk; fpilf;ftpy;iy)

,yq;if K];ypk;fis xU th;j;jf r%fkhfTk; Ruz;ly; r%fkhfTk; fhl;Lk; gpur;rhug; Nghf;F njhlh;r; rpahf ePbj;J tUfpwJ. ,yq;ifapd; ngUk; KjyPl;L> thzpgj;Jiwapy; K];ypk;fspd; rjtPjk; ,U tPjj; jpw;Fk; Fiwe;jNj. Fwpg;gpl;L nrhy; yj;jf;f xU rpy Njrpa KjyPl;L thzpg epWtdq;fis itj;Jf; nfhz;L K];ypk;fspd; nghUshjh uj;ij mstpLtJ kpfj; jtwhd xU fw;gpjkhFk;.

rpW thzpgKk; tptrhaKk; mur cj;jpNahfKk; ntspehl;L Niyth a;g;Gk; flw;njhopYNk K];ypk;f spd; tUtha;j; JiwfshFk;. ,yq; ifapd; nkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; 9.22 tPjj;jpidf; nfhz;l K];ypk;fs; jkf;Nf chpj;jhd gq;ifj;jhDk; Nkw;fz;l Jiwfspy; ,d;Dk; ngw; Wf;nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy. kj;jpa fpof;F ehLfSf;fhd Ntiy tha;g; gpy; kl;LNk mth;fs; ,e;j tha;g; gpidg; ngWfpd;wdh;. tptrhaepyk;> njhopyfk;> KjyPl;L cjtp> mur

ikia tpsq;fpf; nfhs;shJ ,jd; cs;slf;fj;ij ntWk; cjpupr;rk;g tq;fshf Fiwj;J kjpg;gpLtjhdJ gpur;rpidapd; jPtpuj;ij czh;e;J nfhs;tjw;fhd tha;g;igj; juhJ.

rpWghd;ik Njrpa ,dq;fs; kPJ jpl;lkpl;l tifapy; xt;nthU fhy fl;lj;jpYk; ,dk; rhh;e;Jk; kjk; rhh;e;Jk; nghUshjhu eyd; rhh;e;Jk; Nghpdthjpfs; xU njhlh;r; rpahd murpay; FNuhjj;ijAk; mlf;fp xLf;FjYldhd mr;RWj;jy; fisAk; Nkw;nfhz;L te;jpUf;fpd; wdh;. ,e;j nra;ifapd; gpd;dhy; rpq;fs kf;fspd; eyDk; ghJfhg;Gk;; Njrg;gw;Wk; cs;sJ vd rpq;fs kf;fSf;Fs; mh;j;jk; fw;gpj;J te;jp Uf;fpd;wdh;. ,g;NghJ K];ypk;fs; kPjhd mlf;FKiwia jPtpug;gLj; Jk; Neuk;. rpq;fs kf;fSf;Fs; ,e;j nra;jpiaNa MSk; muRk;> mjd; fUj;jpay; epWtdq;fSk; nfhz;L nry;fpd;wd. ,jpy; fzprkhd ntw;wpiaAk; mJ fz;LtUfpwJ.

,yq;if K];ypk;fs;

nkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; %d;whtJ ,d vz;zpf;ifapduhd K];ypk;

fs;> ,yq;ifapd; gy;NtW khtl; lq;fspYk; ghuk;ghpakhf tho;e;J tUfpd;wdh;. mk;ghiw> jpUf;Nfhz kiy Nghd;w ,U khtl;lq;fs; jtpu Vida khtl;lq;fspy; rpW ghd;ikapduhf fhzg;gLfpd;wdh;. khtl;lnkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; ,uz;lhtJ ,dg; ngUk;ghd;ik apduhf nfhOk;G> fk;g`h> fSj;Jiw> fz;b> fhyp> khj;jiw>

`k;ghe;Njhl;il> kd;dhh;> kl;lf; fsg;G> FUehfy;> Gj;jsk;> mDuhj Guk;> nghyeWit> Nffhiy Mfpa 14 khtl;lq;fspYk;> khtl;l nkhj;j rdj; njhifapy; %d;whtJ ,dg; ngUk;ghd;ikapduhf khj;jis> aho;g;ghzk;> tTdpah> gJis nkhduhfiy Mfpa 5 khtl; lq;fspYk;> nkhj;j rdj;njhifapy; ehd;fhtJ ,dkhf> Etnuypah> Ky;iyj;jPT> fpspnehr;rp> ,uj;jpd Ghp Nghd;w 4 khtl;lq;fspYk; tho;fpd;wdh;.

khtl;l mbg;gilapy; ,g;gb Nehf;fpdhYk; $l> xt;nthU khtl;lj;jpd; nkhj;j rdj;njhif apy; kpfr; rpWghd;ikapduhfNt K];ypk;fs; tho;fpd;wdh;. 10 rj tPjj;jpw;F Nky; K];ypk;fs; thOk; khtl;lq;fshf kl;lf;fsg;G (25.48)> Gj;jsk; (19.32)> kd;dhh; (16.24)> fz;b (13.95)> nfhOk;G (10.50) Mfpa 5 khtl;lq;fNs cs;sd. 5 tPjj;jpw;Fk; 10 tPjj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapy; K];ypk;fs; thOk; khtl;lq;fshf fSj;Jiw (9.22)> khj;jis (9.14)> mDuhjGuk; (8.20)> nghyd;eWit (7.20)> FUzhfy; (7.05)> Nffhiy (6.92)> tTdpah (6.82)> gJis (5.65)

Mfpa khtl;lq;fNs cs;sd. kpFjp ahd khtl;lq;fshd fk;g`h (4.16)> fhyp (3.64)> khj;jiw (3.12)> Etnuypah (2.46)> nkhduhfy (2.13) uj;jpdGhp (1.99)> Ky;iyj;jPT (1.91)> `k;ghe;Njhl;il (1.09)> fpspnehr;rp (.6)> aho;g;ghzk; (0.36) cs;sdh;. (ghh;f;f ml;ltid I a,b)

epyj;njhlh;gw;Wk; rpjwpAk; ngupa> rpwpa efuq;fspYk; fpuhkq;fspYk;

rpq;fs> jkpo; ,d Kuz;ghL jPtpuk; ngw;wij mLj;J K];ypk;f Sf;F vjpuhd mr;RWj;jy;fs; mlf;fp thrpf;fg;gl;L te;Js;sJ. rpq;fs Njrj;jpw;Fk; jkpo; Njrj;jpw; Fkpilapyhd Aj;jk; KbTf;Ff; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJk;> mt;ntw;wp apd; ,dj;Jtg; ngUikAk; murp ay; fspg;Gk; mLj;jfl;l gha;r;rY f;F jahuhfptpl;lJ. ,jd; ntspg; ghLjhd; jpl;lkpl;l tifapy; K];ypk; kf;fSf;F vjpuhf Kd;nd Lf;fg;gl;L tUk; mr;RWj;jy; elt bf;iffshFk;. ,j;jifa epiy Fwpj;j mfKk; GwKkhd tplaq; fis kpfr; RUf;fkhf NgRtNj ,f; fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

,yq;ifapy; tho;fpd;w nkhj;j K];ypk; kf;fspy;; %d;wpy; ,uz;L gFjpapdh;> rpq;fs kf;fis ngUk; ghd;ikahff; nfhz;l gFjpfspy; tho;e;J tUfpd;wdh;. kpFjpahd %d;wpy; xU gFjpapdh; tlf;Ff; fpof;fpy; tho;fpd;wdh;. tlf;Ff; fpof;fpy; tho;e;J tUfpd;w K];ypk; fs; jkpo; FWe;Njrpa MAjg;Ngh uhl;lf;fhuh;fshy; kpf Nkhrkhf xLf;fg;gl;L ,dr; Rj;jpfhpg;G> ,dg;gLnfhiyfis vjph;nfhz; lth;fshFk;. 2010k; Mz;L

njhlf;fj;jpypUe;J nkhj;j K];ypk; fspy; %d;wpy; ,U gFjpapdh; rpq;fs Mjpf;f rf;jpfshy; Nkhr khd mr;RWj;jiyAk; ghJfhg;gpd; ikiaAk; vjph; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,g;gpuNjrq;fspy; tho;fpd;w K];ypk; fSs; ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhUf;F vd;d elf;fpwJ? ,jd; cs;shh;e;j mbf;fl;Lkhzq;fs; vd;d? ,tw; wpid vg;gb vjph; nfhs;tJ Fwpj;j jpifg;Gk; fyf;fKk; Vw;gl; Ls;sJ. ,J ,ay;ghdNj> Vnd dpy; ,th;fspy; ngUk;ghd;ik

ahNdhh; Neubahd ,dj;Jt mlf;FKiwapd; tbtj;ijAk; mjd; Nfhu Kfj;ijAk; ,Jtiu vjph; nfhz;lth;fs; my;y. ngUk; ghd;ikahNdhUf;F vd;d elf;fp wJ vd;gij mwpe;J nfhs;s fhy mtfhrk; Njitg;gLfpwJ. Xl;L nkhj;jkhf ,k; kf;fs; mr;rKk; neUf;fbAkpf;f #oiy xt;nthU ehSk; vjph; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j epiyikia Ghpe;J nfhs;tjw;F ,Jtiu ,yq;ifapd; ,dj;Jt murpay; tuyhW gw;wpa ghh;it mtrpakhfpwJ.

,e;j gpur;rpidapd; jd;ikahdJ ,dj;Jt murpay; rhh;e;jJ. xU Njrpa ,d kf;fspd; ,Ug;NghLk; tho;NthLk; rk;ge;jg;gl;lJ. ,J xU murpay; gpur;rpid. ,e;j mlf; FKiw tbtj;ij fl;bf;fhg; gjpYk; mjid jPtpukhf;FtjpYk; ,d;iwa ,yq;if murpw;F Kf;fpa ghj;jpuk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; ,d> kj> fyhrhu> nghUshjhu mk;rq;fis tYf; Fiwg;G nra;tjw;Fk;> rpq;fs ngUk;Njrpathjj;jpd; Nkyhjpf;fj; jpid Mo tYg;gLj;jp epiy epWj;Jtjid ,yf;fhff; nfhz;L muR fhhpakhw;WfpwJ. ,e;j cz;

njhopy; tha;g;G> fy;tp tsk;> gy; fiyf;fof mDkjp Nghd;wtw;wpy; muR K];ypk;fSf;fhd chpa ,lj; ij toq;ftpy;iy. Fbtho;f;iff; fhd epyj;ijg; ngWtjpy; kpf Nkhr khd neUf;fbia K];ypk;fs; vjph; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. mur epyq;fis gfph;e;jspg;gjpy; K];ypk;fSf;F mjpf ghugl;rk; fhl;lg;gLfpwJ. ngUFk; rdj; njhiff;Nfw;g K];ypk;fs; Fb apUg;G epyj;ijg; ngwKbahJ ,Wf;fkhd tho;tpw;Fs; js;sg;gl; Ls;sdh;.

K];ypk; kf;fSf;Fs; cs;s Vw;wj; jho;thd ts tha;g;Gfs;> ngUsh

jhuk;> mth;fs; vjph;nfhs;fpd;w gpur;rpidfs; gpuNjrj;jpw;F gpuNj rk; NtWgl;lJ. nghUshjhu Nky; epiyahf;fk; ngw;w gphptpdh; vd;gJ K];ypk;fSf;Fs; nrhw;gkhdth;fNs. 1980fspy; Vw;gl;l cyfkakhf;f ypd; tpisthd “eLj;ju th;f;f” cUthf;fk; ,yq;if K];ypk;fSf; Fs;Sk; jhf;fj;ij epfo;j;jpAs;sJ. eLj;juth;f;f epiyf;F fPo; thOk; mbj;jl;L kf;fis ngUk;ghd;ik ahdjhff; nfhz;l r%fk;jhd; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs;. cyfkakhf; fy; #oypy;; eLj;ju th;f;fkhFk; nghUshjhu ,yf;if mile;J nfhs;s ngUkstpyhNdhh; <Lgh Lk; Mh;tKk; fhl;LtJ ntspg;g ilahdJ. Nghl;lh Nghl;bahd nghUshjhur; #oYk; milahs murpaYk; epiyikia rpf;fyhf;F tjpy; ngUk; gq;fpid tfpf;fpwJ.

K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd jhf;Fjy;fs;

tlf;F fpof;fpw;F ntspNa K];ypk; fSf;F vjpuhd jhf;Fjy;fs; 2011k; Mz;bypUe;J jPtpukile;J tUfpwJ.

,yq;if K];ypk;fs; Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpidAk; - mlf;FKiwAk;

,yq;if K];ypk;fs; kPjhd ,d> kj milahsq;fs; rhh;e;j

neUf;fbfs; Gjpjhf Njhd;wpa xd;wy;y. mg;gbahdnjhU

Njhw;wg;ghl;il cUthf;fpf; nfhs;tJ murpay; ghh;it topapy;

,yFthdnjhd;Wky;y. fhyk; fhykha; K];ypk; kf;fSf;F vjpuhd

,dthjKk; mlf;FKiwfSk; fl;likf;fg;gl;l tbtj;jpy;jhd;

,Ue;J te;Js;sJ.

vk;.ngsrh;

ghf rpq;fs kf;fSf;Fs; vjph;g;Gzh;Tfs; tsh;tjh fTk; K];ypk; r%fj;jpw;F vjpuhd td;Kiwfs;> ,];yhk; kjj;jpw;F vjpuhd jhf;FjyhfTk; tbtk; nfhs;tjhf mt;twpf;if Rl;bf;fhl;LfpwJ. khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd Ma;tfk; fle;j Vg;uy; Muk; gj;jpy; epfo;j;jpa fUj;Jf; fzpg;nghd;wpy; 1983 [_iy fytuk; Nghd;W K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf ehlstpa hPjpapy; fytuk; xd;W Vw;gLtjw;fhd tha;g;G mjpfk; cs;sij Rl;bf; fhl;b cs;sJ.

Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpid - ,yq;if muR

fle;j gy jrhg;jq;fshf ,yq;if Vfhjpgj;jpa ehLfspdJk; gy;Njrpa epWtdq;fspdJk; eyd;fSf; Fs;Sk; Ruz;lYf;Fs;Sk; rpf;Fz;L fplf;fpwJ. me;epa KjyPLfspd; ngaupYk;> gpuhe;jpa eyd;fspd; murpay; fhuzkhfTk; ,yq;iff;Fs; rkhjhdKk; rftho;Tk; epyTtJ Fwpj;j tplaj;jpy;> ngUk; rthy;fs; cs;sd. Aj;j fhyg;gFjpapy; ePbj;j ,e;j epiyik Aj;jj;jpd; gpd;Gk; njhlh;fpwJ.

Njrpa ,dq;fSf;fpilapyhd Kuz;ghL ePbg;gjw;Fk; mJ njhlh;tjw;Fkhd KOg;nghW g;igAk; ,Jtiuahd ,yq;if murhq;fKk; rh;tNjr rf;jpfSNk nghWg;Ngw;f Ntz;Lk;. Njrpa ,dg;gpur;rpid jPh;f;fg;glhJ ePbg;gjw;F> fhyj;jpw;F fhyk; te;j ,yq;ifapd; rpq;fs muRj; jiyikfs; gpujhd fhuzkhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;wd.

jd;idf; fhl;bf;nfhz;L mth;fs; kj;jpapy; epyT fpd;w murpay; r%f nghUshjhug; gpur;rpidf;F jkpoh;fSk;> K];ypk;fSk; fhuzkhdth;fs; vd;w Njhw;wg;ghl;il tsh;f;fpwJ. rpq;fs kf;fs; rfy nrsghf;fpaKk; ngw;W thotpy;iy. ngUkstpyhd Vw;wj;jho;TfSk; kpf twpa gpuptpdUk; rpq;fs kf;fSf;Fs; cs;sdh;. ,tw;wpw;F ,Jtiuahd MSk; rpq;fs muNr fhuzkhFk;.

,jid %b kiwg;gjw;fhfTk; rpq;fs kf;fSf;Fs; vOk; mjpUg;jpfisAk; vjph;Gzh;TfisAk; jpir jpUg;gTk; rpq;fs jkpo; Kuz;ghl;il ,Jtiu ifahz;L te;jJ Nghy;> jw;NghJ rpq;fs K];ypk; Kuz;ghl;il Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. jkJ mjpfhuj;ij ePbj;J> ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F jf;fitg;gjw;fhf ,dth jj;jijAk; kjj; jPtputhj;jijAk; NkYk; tsh;f; fpwJ. mjid Cl;b tsh;f;f gy fpis epWt dq;fis cUthf;fp Nghrpj;Jk; ghJfhj;Jk; tUfpwJ. ,j;jifa gz;G nfhz;l muR> ,dq;fspilNa kjq;fspilNaahd Kuz;ghl;il jzpf;Fk; vd ek;GtJ fhdy; ePuhFk;. NkYk; NkYk; ,e;j neUf;fb epiy mjpfupf;fNt muR Jiz nra;Ak;.

Ks;sptha;f;fhy; ntw;wpapd; gpd;> ,yq;ifapd; ,d;iwa muR ngw;Ws;s gz;G khw;wkhdJ kpf kpf Mgj;jhdJ. rpq;fs Njrpa ,dj;ij ,Wfpa

NgupdthjkhfTk; ngsj;j kjj;ij jPtpukjkhfTk; gz;G khw;wk; nra;J mjid xU fUj;jpay; nfhs; ifahf Kd;itj;J ,aq;FfpwJ. ,e;j tplaj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;Fs; Njhd;Wfpd;w vjph;g;Gzh;T Fwpj;J muRj; jiyikf;F fpQ;rpj;NjDk; mf;fiwAkpy;iy. Vnddpy; mJ K];ypk;fspy; jq;fpapUf;fpd;w xU muRk; ,y;iy. mg;gbr; nrhy;tjid mJ tpUk;gf; $baJkpy;iy. ,yq;if jPtpu rpq;fs ngsj;jh;fspd; ehL> mjd; ,yf;Fk; flikAk; rpq;fs ehl;ilAk; ngsj;j kjj;ijAk; ghJfhg;gNjahFk;. mjw;F kpfr; rupahd Njh;T ,d;iwa muRj; jiyikjhd; vd;gNj rpq;fs kf;fSf;Fr; nrhy;yg;gLk; njspthd nra;jpahFk;.

K];ypk;fs; nra;aNtz;baJ vd;d?

,e;j ,f;fl;lhd epiyikapy; K];ypk;fs; jkf;Fs;Sk;> jkf;F ntspNaAk; Mw;wNtz;ba gzpfs; epiwaNt cs;sd. ,e;epiyia vjph; nfhs;tjw;F K];ypk; kf;fs; xU 'murpay; r%fkhf" khwNtz;baJ Kd; epge;jidahFk;. K];ypk; fSf;Fs; ,e;j tplaq;fisapl;L gue;Jgl;l tifapy; Mf;fG+h;tkhd ciuahly;fs; njhlq;fg; gLtJ mtrpakhdjhFk;. rptpy; r%fk; cWjpahd epiyg;ghLfis vLf;fNtz;b cs;sJ. [dehaf uPjpahf ntF[dg; Nghuhl;lq;fis Kd;ndLf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. K];ypk; kf;fSf;Fs; cs;s ,af;ff; nfhs;iffs; rhh;e;j kj epWtdq;fis If;fpag; gLj;jNtz;bAs;sJ. K];ypk; murpay; jiyik-fis nraY}f;fk; Nehf;fp js;sNtz;bAs;sJ. K];ypk; kf;fis czh;r;rp rhh;e;j murpaypypUe;J ntspNa vLj;J czh;T G+h;tkhdJk;> [dehaf uPjpahdJkhd njspthd murpay; fsj;jpw;F ,l;Lr;nry;y Ntz;bAs;sJ.

Gw uPjpahf K];ypk;fs;> rpq;fs jkpo; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ,dthjj;jpw;nfjpuhf Ntiy nra;aNtz;bAs;sJ. mk;kf;fis Nehf;fp K];ypk;fs; kPjhd ek;gpf;if apidf; fl;b vOg;g Ntz;bAs;sJ. mjw;F K];ypk; r%fk; jd;id Ratpkh;rdk; nra;J jahuhf Ntz;bAs;sJ. gy ,dq;fSld;> r%fq; fSld; fle;j fhyq;fspy; nghJtplaq;fspy; $l;bize;j Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis gue;J gl;l tifapy; nra;ahikAk;> mth;fspd; Jd;gq;fspy;>

ghjpg;Gf;fspy; xJq;fpapUe;j Nghf;Fk; K];ypk;fis jdpikg;gLj;Jtjw;F fhuzkhf ,Ue;Js;sJ vd;gjid czUk; Kf;fpakhd fhyfl;lk; ,J.

cz;ikapy; 40 Mz;LfSf;F Nkyhd ,yq;ifr; r%fq;fs;> kf;fs; ,dthjj;Jf;Fs; js;sg;gl;L te;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. jkpo; K];ypk; kf;fSf;F vjpuhf rpq;fs kf;fis ,dthjkag;gLj;jp ,e;j neUf; fbfisAk; njhlh;r;rpahd murpay; Nghf;fpidAk; tsh;g;gNj ,jw;F gpd;Ds;s rf;jpfspd; Ntiyj; jpl;lKk; epfo;r;rp epuYkhFk;. ,jid vjph;nfhs; tjw;fhd top rpq;fs jkpo; kf;fs; kj;jpapYk;> rpq;fs> jkpo; Kw;Nghf;fhsh;fs; kj;jpapYk; K];ypk; fs; ,ize;J Ntiy nra;tNjahFk;.

Kbthf xLf;FjYf;Fs;shfpd;w midj;J Njrpa ,dq;fs;> r%fq;fs; njhlh;gpyhd gpur;rpidfs;> neUf;fbfspy; <LghLk; mf;fiwAkw;W ,Ug;gJk;> mth;fsJ ,Ug;G> eyd;fs; kPJ K];ypk;fspd; fupridf; FiwghLk; Gwf;fzpg;Gk; kpfTk; gpw;Nghf; Fj;jdkhdJ vd;gJld; K];ypk; kf;fis jdpikg; gLj;jp mlf;FjYf;Fs;shf;Ftjw;F ngUk; tha;g; ghfTk; mike;JtpLk; vd;gijapl;L Mo;e;j fuprid nfhs;sNtz;ba Kf;fpa jUzk; ,J.














,yq;if K];ypk;fs;
















tlf;F fpof;fpw;F ntspNa K];ypk; fSf;F vjpuhd jhf;Fjy;fs; 2011k; Mz;bypUe;J jPtpukile;J tUfpwJ. ml;ltid I (a)















43.58%0.02%














,yq;if K];ypk;fs;
















tlf;F fpof;fpw;F ntspNa K];ypk; fSf;F vjpuhd jhf;Fjy;fs; 2011k; Mz;bypUe;J jPtpukile;J tUfpwJ. ml;ltid I (a)

,yq;if K];ypk;fis xU th;j;jf

r%fkhfTk; Ruz;ly; r%fkhfTk; fhl;Lk;

gpur;rhug; Nghf;F njhlh;r;rpahf ePbj;J

tUfpwJ. ,yq;ifapd; ngUk; KjyPl;L>

thzpgj;Jiwapy; K];ypk;fspd; rjtPjk; ,U

tPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwe;jNj.




























,yq;if K];ypk;fs;

















ml;ltid II (a)















ml;ltid II (b)














,yq;if K];ypk;fs;

















=yq;fh K];ypk; fhq;fpu]pd;

Njhw;wj;jpw;Fk; ];jhgpjg;

gyj;jpw;Fk; jkpo; K];ypk;

gpur;rpid> Kuz;ghL kl;Lky;y>

K];ypk;fspilNa Vw;gl;bUe;j

rpq;fs MSk; FOkj;jpd; kPjhd

ek;gpf;ifaPdKk;> vjph;g;Gzh;Tk;

fhuzkhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ.















ml;ltid II (c)














,yq;if K];ypk;fs;































r%f ,Ug;G


- gp];kp -(,yq;ifapypUe;J)

,yq;if K];ypk;fs;vjph;nfhs;Sk; rthy;fSk; tpLgLtjw;fhd topKiwfSk;

,e;ehl;bYs;s gy;NtW ,dj; Jtf; FOkq;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; rftho;tpw;F mtrpakhd rkhjhd #oiy Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F ghhpa rthyhfNt ,g;Gjpa ngsj;j rpq;fs jPtputhjk; mike;jpUf; fpwJ. Fwpg;ghf K];ypk;fSf;Fk; rpq;fs ngsj;jh;fSf;Fk; ,il apyhd rftho;Tf;Ff; fLikahd rthyhf ,j; jPa gpur;rhuk; cUnt Lj;jJ. ‘,];yhkpakakhf;fk;’ vd;W fUjg;gLfpd;w mr;RWj;jYf;F vjp uhf ngsj;j rpq;fs kf;fis vOr;rp nfhs;SkhW J}z;Lfpd;w Mgj;jhd ,g; gpur;rhuk;> ,e;j ehl;bYs;s K];ypk;fspd; epfo;fh yj;ijAk; vjph;fhyj;ijAk; kpfTk; xU neUf;fbahd epiyf;F ,l;L r;nrd;Ws;sJ.

,yq;ifapy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gL fpd;w Vwj;jhs vy;yhg; nghUl;f Sf;Fk; `yhy; rhd;wpjo; toq;F jy;> `p[hg;> epfhg; mzpAk; ngz;fs;> K];ypk; tpthfr; rl;lk;> fhjpf;NfhL Nghd;w tpNrl rYif fs;> K];ypk;fspd; rdj;njhifia Ak; kPwp ntspehl;L epjpfisf; nfhz;L ,ufrpakhf gs;spthry; fs; fl;lg;gLtJ> K];ypk;fs; kl;Lk; mayayhf tho;tij Cf;Ftpf;Fk; tifapy; epyq;fis mgfhpj;J K];ypk; FbapUg;Gfis mikj;Jf; nfhs;tJ Nghd;wd> ,];yhkpa kakhf;fj;jpd; xd;wp ize;j cWjpahd $Wfshf cs;sjhf Nkw;gb jPa gpur;rhuk; mike;;jJ. ed;F xOq;fikf;fg;g l;l Mdhy; gy;NtW GidTf isAk; rpy cz;ikfisAk; fye;j

jq;F jilaw;w ,g; gpur;rhukh dJ xUGwk; ngsj;j rpq;fs ,sk; jiyKiwapdh; kj;jpapy; NghJkhd mq;fPfhuj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;l mNjrkak;> xl;Lnkhj;j ,yq;if K];ypk; r%fj;ijAk; ,j; jPa gpur;rhuj;jpd; jPtpukhdJ jpifg; gpw;Fk; Fog;gj;jw;Fk; Mokhd mr;rj;jpw;Fk; Mshf;fpaJ. K];ypk; fis kpfTk; mjph;r;rpf;Fs;shf;fpa tplak;> muR jug;gpd; jpl;ltl; lkhd nksd mq;fPfhuKk; nra ypd;ikAk;> K];ypk; murpay;thjp fspd; ifahyhfj; jd;ikAkhFk;. fpl;lj;jl;l rfy K];ypk; murpay; fl;rpfSk; K];ypk; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdh;fSk; MSq;fl;rpAld; mzp Nrh;e;jpUf;Fk; xU #oy; ,Uf;fpd;w NghjpYk;> K];ypk;f spd; milahsKk;> xU gy;ypd ehl;by; mikjpahd rf tho;T vd;W mth;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;s ngWkhdq;fSk; ,t;thW fLik ahd rthYf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;ld.

K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ,t; ntWg;Gg; gpur;rhuj;ij ,Nyrhf vLj;J ehk; Gwe;js;sp tpl Kb ahJ. kpfTk; fLikahd mOj;jj; jpw;F cs;shf;fg;gl;Ls;s ‘`yhy;’ ,w;F vjpuhd Gifr;ryhdJ jw;NghJ Xa;e;Jtpl;lJ Nghyj; Njhw;wkspj;jhYk; $l (ahUf;F `yhy; mtrpaNkh me;j K];ypk; r%fk; jw;NghJ `yhy; czT njhlh;ghd tplaj;jpy; eLf;fl ypy; jpirtop njhpahJ js;sptp lg;gl;lJ Nghd;w xU kd epiyapy; cs;sdh;) K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd gpur;rhuk; kiwe;J Ngha;

Kd;ndhUNghJk;

,y;yhjthW fle;j xU

tUlfhyj;jpy; ,yq;ifapy;

‘,];yhkpathjk;’ Fwpj;j

gpur;rhuk; jPtpukile;jJ.

,g;gpur;rhuk;> gy;NtW

kpd;dpay;> mr;R

Clfq;fSf;$lhf

nghJgyNrdh> rpq;fs uhta>

[hjpf n`y cWka Nghd;w

mikg;Gfshy;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld. kpfTk;

Jhpj Ntfj;jpy;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L te;j ,k;kj>

,d ntWg;Gg; gpur;rhukhdJ>

kpjthjg; Nghf;Fk; kpfj; jpwe;j

kdKk; cila rpq;fs

kf;fisAk; $l

Mr;rhpaj;jpw;Fs;shf;fpaJ>

rq;flj;jpw;Fs;shf;fpaJ.

gyuJ eL epiyahd>

epahakhd rpe;jidf;Fr;

rthyhfTk; mike;jJ.

K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf

gpur;rhuk; nra;tjpy; ahh;

Kd;dpiy tfpg;gJ vd

ngsj;j rpq;fs mikg;GfSf;F

,ilapy; xU Nghl;bj; jd;ik

epytpaijAk; $l

mtjhdpf;ff; $bajhf

,Ue;jJ.


tpl;lnjd;W fUjp tpl KbahJ. ngsj;j rpq;fs ngUk;ghd;ik kf;fis xd;wpizg;gjw;F vz; zpf;ifr; rpWghd;ik r%fq;fspd; chpikfSf;fhd Nfhhpf;iffis xU khngUk; mr;RWj;jyhff; fhl;b jkJ Mjpf;fj;ij jf;f itg;gJ ,d;iwa MSq; FOkj;jpd; gpujhd cghakhf cs;sJ. ,e;jg; Nghf;Fj; njhlUk; tiuapy;> K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ngsj;j rpq;fs jPtputhj;jpd; nraw;ghLfs; kq;fpapUg;gJ xU jw;fhypf Njhw;wg;ghL khj;jpuNk.

jPh;T Nehf;fpa rpy efh;Tfs;:

gy;ypd> gy;rka r%f> murpay;> nghUshjhu cwTfis rkdpiyg; gLj;Jfpd;w nghwpKiwfSk; ,uh [je;jpu topKiwfSk; Aj;jj;jpw; Fg; gpe;jpa ,d;iwa ,yq;iff;Fj; Njitg;gLfpd;wd. ,jid cU thf;fp Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;tjw;F ,Uf;;fpd;w fbdkhd rthy;fis Ak; rpf;fyhd gz;gpidAk; fUj; jpw; nfhs;Sk; NghJ> jw;NghJs;s gjl;l epiyiaj; jzptpw;Ff; nfhz;L tUk; nraw;ghLfs; ,iltplhkYk; tplhg;gpbahfTk; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl Ntz;ba Njit As;sJ. rfy jug;gpdiuAk; cs;s lf;fpaJk;> gy;Kidfisf; nfhz; lJkhd xd;wpize;j mZFKiw cldbahf mtrpakhfpd;wJ.

,jd; xU gFjpahf> ,e;ehl; bYs;s kpfTk; kpjthjj; jd;ik nfhz;l> %j;j ngsj;j FUkhh; fisf; nfhz;l xU FOtpdU ld; K];ypk; rka> r%f kw;Wk; Jiwrhh; egh;fs;; mq;fk; tfpj;j K];ypk; rptpy; FOnthd;W mz;ikapy; Nkw;nfhz;l xU re;jpg;gpd; NghJ xU tplak;

njspthfj; njhpe;jJ. ,yq;if K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd czh;T my;yJ jg;ngz;zq;fs; kpfTk; MokhfTk; gutyhfTk; ngsj;j rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; vLj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,yq;ifapd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F Kl;Lf; fl;il NghLk; gphptpduhfTk;> ntspehL fspYs;s K];ypk; jPtputhj rf;jpf spd; xj;Jiog;Gld; ,yq;ifia ,];yhkpa kakhf;fk; nra;Ak; Mgj;jhd rf;jpfshfTk; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; rpj;jhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. K];ypk;fs; gw;wpa mr;rKk; re;NjfKk; rpq;fs r%fj;jpd; ,sk; jiyKiwapdh; kj;jpapYk;> rpq;fs fpuhkq;fspy; gutyhfTk; fhzg;g Lfpd;wd. K];ypk;fs; Fwpj;J NkNy Fwpg;gpl;l tplaq;fs; njhlh;ghf rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; fhzg;gLk; jtwhd vz;zg;gh Lfs; jfh;f;fg;gl;lhy; xopa> K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf jw;NghJ Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w> Nkw;nfhs; sg;glg; Nghfpd;w Mh;g;ghl;lq; fis> mKf;fr; nraw;ghLfisAk; ehk; jzpf;fTk; KbahJ> jLj;J epWj;jTk; KbahJ vd;gJ njspthfpaJ.

,t;thwhd jpwe;j fye;Jiuah ly;fs; K];ypk;fs; my;yhj NtW rpy jug;GfSld; NtW rpy re;jh;g; gq;fspy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. ,jd; NghJk;> ,yq;if K];ypk; fs; Fwpj;j ,Njtpjkhd fz; Nzhl;lq;fisNa mth;fSk; ntspg;gLj;jpdh;. neUf;fb epiy ik xU ntbg;GWk; epiyia mile;Jtpl;lnjd;Wk; ,jidj; jLj;J epWj;jp Kbtpw;Ff; nfhz;L tUtjw;F> K];ypk;fs; my;yhj gy;NtW jug;gpdUld; xd;wpize;j nraw;ghLfs; ,jw;F mtrpakhFk; vd;gJ njs;sj; njspthfpaJ.

,jpy; rw;NwDk; jhkjk; nra;ag;g lyhfhJ vd;gJk;. njspthfpaJ.

,jw;F Kd;dpge;jidahf> Kjypy; K];ypk;fSf;F kj;jpapy; fhzg;gLk; gy;NtW kjf;FOth jq;fs; kw;Wk; gphptpidg; Nghf;Ff Sf;Fg; gjpyhf> xj;jpirthd> xd; Wgl;l> r%fj;jpw;F vg;gbg;gl;l neUf;fbahd epiyikfspd; Ngh Jk;> K];ypk; r%f;jpd; eyd;fis> ,yq;if kf;fspd; xl;Lnkhj;j eyd;fSf;F tpNuhjkhf my;yhj tifapy; ghJfhj;Jg; Ngzf;$ba xU RahjPdkhd (Independent Civil Body) fl;likg;gpd; mtrpak; ,d;iwa tuyhw;Wj; NjitahFk; vd;gJ Mokhf czug;gl;Ls;sJ. me;j tifapy;> K];ypk;fSk; $l xU Gjpa ,yq;ifj; Njrj;ijf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; nraw;ghLfspy; ,ju r%fq;fSld; jPtpu gq;fhsh; fshf ,izf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j tifapy; K];ypk;fs; jkJ rka> fyhrhuq;fis jdpj;Jtkh fg; NgZk; mNjrkak;> jkJ r%fk;> ,yq;ifj; Njrk; vd;w KOikapy; xU $whFk; vd;gij eilKiwr; nraw;ghLfspDlhf ntspg;gLj;jp cWjpg;gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,t;thwhd Fwpf;Nfh isAk; gue;j Nehf;fpidAk; nfhz;ljhf ‘,yq;if K];ypk; fSf;fhd Njrpa \{uh rig’ xd;iw cUthf;Ftjw;fhd Kk;Ku khd Kaw;rpfs; jw;NghJ K];ypk; rptpy; mikg;Gfshy; $l;lhf Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;L tUtJ xU MWjyhd nra;jpahFk;. fle;j %d;W khjq;fSf;F Nkyhf ,k; Kaw;rp ,iltplhJ eilngw;wJ.

...K];ypk;fSf;F kj;jpapy; fhzg;gLk; gy;NtW

kjf;FOthjq;fs; kw;Wk; gphptpidg; Nghf;FfSf;Fg;

gjpyhf> xj;jpirthd> xd;Wgl;l> r%fj;jpw;F

vg;gbg;gl;l neUf;fbahd epiyikfspd; NghJk;>

K];ypk; r%f;jpd; eyd;fis> ,yq;if kf;fspd;

xl;Lnkhj;j eyd;fSf;F tpNuhjkhf my;yhj tifapy;

ghJfhj;Jg; Ngzf;$ba xU RahjPdkhd fl;likg;gpd;

mtrpak; ,d;iwa tuyhw;Wj; NjitahFk;...

njhlh;r;rp 17k; gf;fk;...


hubs. Since these periods of history Muslim people have been living in this Island generation by generations. The bulk of Srilankan Muslim population is a mixture of di!erent ethno-linguistic and cultural groups. The entire Muslim population of Srilanka Muslim people constitutes of Arab, Indian, Afghani-stani, North/south Indian, Malay and Indigenous Srilankan People. There is no doubt that many inter-marriages took place with other communities and

still some Muslim families have families of names/house names of Singhalese people. Thus, historical origin, antiquity and history of Srilankan Muslims people could be traced from early period of Srilankan history. It is not my objective here to trace historical origin of Srilan-kan Muslim people rather it is my objective here to examine the true nature of Muslim loyalty to Srilanka and to gauge if any Muslim have done

any treason to Mother Lanka since ancient time up to now.

The meaning of loyalty in Islam

Before we examine this issue we would like to shed some light on the meaning of loyalty and allegiance in Islam: What is the doctrine of loyalty in Islam? Does Islam accept any sense of nationalism or loyalty to any piece of land/country/tribe or ethnic groups or clans? In fact, Islam demands from Muslim people to have full faith, allegiance and loyalty only to God alone not for nay temporal / earthly matters of these types. Muslim people believe that very thing in this universe belong to God and we people too belong to him alone and our full loyalty should be to Him alone. Theologically speaking this is the true loyalty and it is the eternal and real loyalty. In this sense, languages, castes, tribes, colour and country all are temporary and materialistic realities ant these are con"ned to this world alone.

In a recent survey in England among Muslim people a question was asked: Are you a Muslim or British "rst? More than 90% of Muslim people said that we are Muslims "rst and foremost then we are British born people. This is a theological question for any Muslim and unfortunately the interviewer did not have deeper understanding of

A strange mystery has been created in the mind of some people that minor-ity people do not belong to this Island. It has been debated by some people in utter an arrogant to say that this coun-try belongs only to the majority people alone. They claim that others are just visitors or unwanted guests. It is argued that Muslims keep one foot in Srilanka and another one somewhere else in a Muslim country. This is percep-tion of some section of Singhalese people. Actions and behaviours of some Muslims justify such claim as well.

Does such political rhetoric help any one in Srilanka? What a wrong percep-tion is this? What evil perception is this? Who is going to bene"t from this type of propaganda? Do Muslims really have love and a!ection to this land and does Islam permit to love this land? How do we reconcile between the loyalty to our faith and our place of birth. I shall examine some of these questions in this article.

Srilankan Muslim are not new arrivals to the Island rather they have been living more than 1000 years and it is historically documented that Arab traders settled in this Island in pre-colonial periods. During the Silk route trade between Middle East and South Asian countries Arab people used Srilanka as one of their trading

It is imperative to examine and gauge the true nature of Muslims’ patriotism to mother lanka. Particularly, this is a timely needed subject in the context of prevailing current debates about Muslim people in Srilanka. Muslim population in Srilanka according to the recent censusconstitutes 9.2%. Do they really have loyalty and allegiance to this land? Do they love this land as the majority people of the land do? Or do they have loyalty to another land in the world map? Do they belong to Saudi or Pakistan or do they belong to somewhere else.

Patriotism, allegiance and loyalty ofSrilankan Muslims to Mother Lanka:

Dr Rifai Naleemi. UK

P a r t I

History


Islamic theology and put this question to Muslim people simply from western political and social perspectives to gauge the level of Muslim peoples’ loyalty to Great Britain. It would not be theologically and religiously !tting to say that our loyalty belongs to any land on earth rather our true loyalty should be only to God alone: people in Saudi do not say that our loyalty belong to Saudi land. People Pakistan do not say that our eternal loyalty belongs to their land or tribe or language rather Muslim people believe that we belong to Allah and we return to Him: It is imperative to reconcile between the notion of real loyalty to Allah and our loyalty to our own countries or place of birth, for that matter to any of our worldly allegiance such as our tribal alliance or family or ethnical identities. There is no con"ict between

these two types of loyalties. Our real loyalty belongs to only Allah alone. All human beings are mortal and one day every child born on earth bound to die and perish one day except Almighty Allah alone. Moreover, we strongly believe that every thing in this world belongs to Allah alone and hence it is well !tting to say that our eternal loyalty belong to Ever Living God alone not to any earthly belonging or worldly possessions. Yet, we all have our natural instincts towards our mother land, race, language and place of birth. Islam rightly reconcile between these two type of natural instincts.

Islamic communities are not formed or originated on the basis of language, colour, race, ethnicity, tribe, lands or nationalism of any particular geographical or ethnical enclaves. You do not choose your colour, you do not choose your language or you do not

choose your place of birth or you do not choose your race: These are bestowed upon you by God beyond your control and you have no choice on these sociological issues. In Islam nationalism, patriotism to any particu-lar piece of land or ethnicity or language does not become bedrock of Islamic ideology or Islamic doctrines. On this Islam goes beyond all worldly and physical considerations and drives its ideology from God alone. The Holy Quran depicts the true believers of international Muslim communities are one Ummah: This description is beyond all languages, ethnicity, nationality, and geographical enclaves and limitations. In this sense any one embraces faith of Islam from any part of world or nay class of people or any linguistic groups becomes an integral part of wider Muslim ummah: It is faith

that makes bond and brotherly relationship between Muslim people: In this any Muslim living in Non-Muslim government also becomes part and parcel of International Muslim commu-nity.

Then people might ask us. Do not you have any a#ection/ love to your own country? Do not you love for the coun-try of your birth? Do not you have any sense of patriotism to your mother land? Does Islam teach to show love and a#ection to the lands where Muslim people are born and brought up? It is a natural instinct of people to be attached to places of their birth, families, villages and countries of origin. I have been living in the UK for more two decades now and yet, my nostalgia always goes back to my coun-try and my village where I was born and brought up. It is a common human feeling for all people. Islam goes along

with this natural sentiment and its respects this human instinct and indeed, it does encourage having patriotic national feeling of your own village/ town/district and country: There is no harm in having such feeling as long as such patriotism does not lead into prejudice, injustice and discrimination.

Does this notion of Islamic ummah deem to be detrimental to our love and a#ection to our mother land or to abide law and order in the countries we live in. No, not at all. Islam instructs us to love our mother lands: It demands us to abide with laws and orders of our native places. Today, a large percent-age of Muslim people migrate from Muslim countries into Non-Muslim countries in the Western European nations and when they get citizenship in these countries very often they will

be asked to take oath sometime giving a$rmation that they would abide with laws of the country: Such undertaking does not contrast Islamic teaching of loyalty and allegiance to Islamic faiths: This oath is between you and that government that guarantee you protection and return you laws and order in this land: This an agreement and Islam instructs to honour any agreement.

Islam indeed, recognises and acknowledges patriotism of each persons: Indeed Allah created mankind into di#erent groups and nations: so that we human beings know each other, understand each other, and appreciate one another, It is the beauty of divine design. There is no harm in having a#ection towards one’s language and tribes and yet we should not have mania and craziness about our language to extent to look down all

What happened in Srilankan history sinceindependence was that we have failed to create any Srilankan Identity as Srilankan people collectively: Each community begun to think in its on communal line: Tamils feel that Singhalese are trying to dominate them and Singhalese feel that their mere existence is threaten by the separatism anddiversities of cultures and religions.


other tribes and language: We should not have superiority complex because of our language or tribe. That is wrong and Islam condemns such feeling. Yet, having nationalistic feeling is not wrong with these conditions.

Prophetic examples on patriotism towards native people:

Do we have any prophetic model or examples to justify patriotism in Islam? Yes, of course the prophet himself had some sentimental patriotic feeling towards his place of birth: It is well known saying of the prophet that prophet said on the eve of his migra-tion from Makka to Madina: looking at the soil of Makka prophet said that “ you are the beloved place for me. If the people of Makka had not chase me out I would not have left you”. This is natural feeling of every one towards his own place of birth. Even the companions when they migrated to Mania they had nostalgia feeling about their life in Makka and they wished that they come back to their native place one day: Moreover, when di!erent people come to see the prophet he used asked them the names of their tribe in reorganization of their tribes: We know well that prophet once praised Salman al-Farisi tracing his Persian origin. All our Muslim scholars are nick named with their tribal or village names: al-Bukhari hails from a place called al-bukhara, al- Qurtubi from Qurtuba, and Imam al-Shatibi from Shatiba. Thousands of Imams like these imams related the village a"lia-tions to their names to show their patriotism and identity? This is an Islamic tradition to attribute our Islamic scholars into their places of birth: This has been for many centuries that this shows that they had some sentimental patriotism towards their places of birth and nothing wrong in that. This helps us to trace their historical origin and identity.

Muslim patriotism during the colonial periods:

Muslim lands were occupied for more than #ve hundreds years by di!erent colonial powers such as French, Italian, Dutch/Portuguese and English. During these periods Islamic scholars engaged in freedom struggle and patriotic

speeches and poems were made in this freedom strug-

gle: from Jamal-al-Din Afghanis to Imam

Hassan Al-Banna all M u s l i m

intellectuals and schol-

a r s m o t i -

v a t e d

people to e n h a n c e nationalistic feeling and there is nothing wrong in that as along as such feeling does not under-mine universal brotherhood, justice and equality of humanity: In India sub-continent many Muslim sacri#ced their lives for the freedom of Indian

lands and like that in many Muslim land people laid down their lives to free their lands from occupation;

Our pioneers in Srilanka fully partici-pated in the freedom struggle of Srilanka. Though we in Srilanka did not make any political or military struggle to free the Island from British and yet, during the colonial periods many Muslims people did #ght along side Srilankan kings to safeguard it form invasions of the Dutch and Portuguese.

Even during the independence time Muslim people unanimously voted with Singhalese members to secure independence of Srilanka from British Empire. $ majorities was required by Soulbury commission to secure Srilan-kan Independence and Tamil congress led by Ponnampalam did his best to get support of Muslim members to get his own Tamil Elem then, but People members unanimously supported Senanyake and he managed to secure 51 votes. This was a historical turning point in Srilanka history and had

Muslim members gone with Mr Ponnampalam the history of Srilanka would have been di!er-ent today: British would have

created Tamil Elem long time ago or they would have

created another Kashmir in Srilanka long time ago yet, it is regrettable that some Singhalese people are becoming seemingly ungrateful to all service and sacri#ces Muslims made for the

integrity of this Island.

Even throughout the pre-independence history

our leaders made many contributions and they had

shown their patriotism to the nation: they never made any

conspiracy to divine this country and they never collaborated with any one to divine this Island and they never made any treason in Srilanka: It has been Muslim leadership’s dream to develop and enhance this Island not merely on communal line rather in a national line: from DR TB Jaya to modern time Muslim political leaders we have had a dream in this Island of Srilanka: that dream to contribute to


the progress and development of this Island as Srilankan with due recogni-tion to diversity of culture and language and religions.

What happened in Srilankan history since independence was that we have failed to create any Srilankan Identity as Srilankan people collectively: Each community begun to think in its on communal line: Tamils feel that Singha-lese are trying to dominate them and Singhalese feel that their mere existence is threaten by the separatism and diversities of cultures and religions. All other minorities begun feel that their mere existence is threatened by the rapid development of Buddhist extremism. It is not myth to say that in recent years a growing trend of anti-Christian and Muslim drift has been orchestrated by some extreme elements without any proper geopo-litical knowledge and without foresee-ing any dire consequence of such extreme trends:

Countries like India, Malaysia, and Singapore with its all diverse cultures, ethnicities and religious managed to maintain their own national identity: Malaysian whether is Buddhist, or Hindi or Muslim feel proud to say that he or she is a Malaysian. We do not need to tell you about Indian national-istic feeling: We have not seen any nations so proud about their national-ity like Indians: They are so proud about their nationalism or nationality: It may be Indians from North or South or from West or East: it may be Muslim or Hindu or people of other religions in India. All are proud to be Indians: yet, we in this small Island do not have that sort of national identity or nationalistic feeling between us: Do not we see that When Indians play Cricket with Pakistan Indian Muslims whole heartedly support Indian team rather than Pakistan team and do not we see that a large proportion of Indian Muslim army o!cials work in the Indian army to protect the sovereignty and integrity of India? Otherwise, how could this huge country with hundred of ethnic groups hold its grip on the power.

India was ruled by Muslims for more than 700 years and Muslim people have had all their cultural and religious monuments in India. Thaj Mahal was

build in the name of Mumthaj by then Muslim ruler. Do you see that any Indian government tries to destroy this historical monument simply because it comes from Muslim history? Muslim ruled over Spain more than eight hundred years and they laid foundation for modern civilization in Spain and still we see monumental cultural heritage of Muslim in Spain and yet, Spanish people did not destroy these entire Muslim heritages simply because they come from Muslim origin rather these Islamic heritages are considered as some of best tourist attraction today. This cultural and religious diversity is unavoidable today than pervious age. Di"erent people and nationalities are integrated in these countries.

Why do not have such broader and wider concept of national identity in Srilanka? Why do we still think in con#ned communal line in Srilanka? We have failed to celebrate the beauty of our diverse culture, languages and religions: It is generally believed that Buddhism, Islam, Hinduism and Christi-anity are world major religions. People in Srilanka are practicing these four religions and this gives more beauty to our nation and yet, we have greatly failed to appreciate such diversity.

Historical origins of Srilankan Muslims:

It is pathetic that some extremist Buddhist people are protesting against Muslims in Srilanka today for no reason. Muslim people have been accused of many social issues. They have done nothing wrong in Srilankan history and they have been accusing of spreading fundamentalism in Sirlanka . They have been accused of supporting al-Qaida. They have been accused of supporting Taliban. They have been accusing of building more mosques in Srilanka. They have been accused of marrying Singhalese girls. They have been accused of increasing their popu-lation. They have been accused of accumulating money by selling Halal

food. They have been accused of forcing Buddhist people to eat halal food. They have been accused of being disloyal to Srilanka. This list of accusa-tions could go on countless. But the entire Muslim community is innocent from all these allegations and accusa-tions. There may have been some misunderstanding in some of these issues and yet, such misunderstanding should be clari#ed: We all need some clarity of thought on these issues: some of these issues are exaggerated and in$ated very much by the some extreme people.

Muslim community is free from all these deliberate allegations and fabrication. All these accusations are baseless and deplorable denuncia-tions. Despite these unfounded allega-tions Muslim people have been main-taining patience and indeed they have been praying for peace and calm to prevail in this beautiful Island. It is undeniable fact that the majority people in this country are Buddhists people and this is indeed a factual reality and others are minority commu-nities: These two factual realities and Muslim people precisely appreciate and acknowledge this fact: We have been respecting Singhalese people and their way of life and we never intended to in$ict harm or hurt their religious feeling at all any time in Sirlankan history. Historically speaking we have been defenders of this Island. There is no need to accuse Muslim people with all these unsubstantiated allegations for no reason.

It is pathetic to note that historical origins and antiquities of Muslim people have been badly questioned today by these extremist people. Moreover, mere existence of Muslim

Pic:

A M

uslim

Dia

mon

d Se

ller 1

870


people has been threatened by this handful of people. Some deliberate attempts have been made to create doubt and suspicion about historical origin of Muslim people. What more surprising is that these so called guard-ians of Buddhism do not have any historical knowledge to speak about Muslim history? The historical origin and antiquity of Muslim people have been well recorded in Srilankan history books and I shall recall some of these records to demarcate Muslim loyalty, allegiance and patriotism to this nation.

Muslim people have been loyal citizens of this country for many centu-ries and we have hope and optimism that Muslim people will be loyal citizens of this country for ever as long as they live on this Island. We have one

thousand years of proven history to say that we had been loyal citizens of this Island. Srilankan History itself testi!es this. It is not my objective in this article to respond to all these unfounded accusations but rather I would like to narrate some historical events to exhibit Muslim loyalty to this country. I think that such historical narrations would encourage people to think objectively at this time without any prejudice or discriminations. Srilankan people should think positively away from all types of racial discriminations and bias prejudices. It is unfortunate that children in Srilankan schools do not have historical lessons to learn and understand the historical roots of minority communi-ties in Srilanka. Srilankan Muslim

history has not been taught in Srilan-kan schools, institutes and universities. Consequently, the majority of people in Srilanka have no any clue about Muslim peoples’ historical origin: It is duty of Srilankan educational estab-lishments to educate students on this subject so that they would appreciate and acknowledge Muslim contribu-tions in Srilanka. Such projects should be initiated by Srilankan government to foster peace and social harmony in Srilanka. Yet, historical contributions of minority groups have been deliber-ately ignored in Srilanka. We shall try here to trace historical origins of Muslims in Srilanka so that we people could appreciate their loyalty to this nation. It has been often said that Srilankan Muslim people are not loyal to Srilanka

but their loyalty rather lies somewhere in some Muslim countries: It is said that Srilankan Muslim has his one leg in Srilanka and other one somewhere else in a Muslim country: This allegation is a baseless allegation and historical and practical examples of Muslim people tell us that they have been loyal citizens of this country ever since they settled in the Island. There is no doubt about it. Did Muslim people take wealth of this nation out of this country as colonial powers did? Did they take destroy the natural resources of this country? Did they conspire to destabi-lize this nation at any time in the history?

A historical account of Muslim and Sinhalese relationship testi!es an intimate communal bond between

these communities. indeed, Arab traders got married Singhalese ladies in early period of Muslim settlements in Srilanka: This happened with the consent of Srilankan kings: Why did Singhalese kings allow Muslim people to settle in the Island. There were some socio-historical and economic reasons for such privilege o"ered to Muslim in the early period of Muslim history in Srilanka.

Early Muslim settlement in Ceylon:

Historical records tell us that in the pre-colonial historical times Arab people were sole traders in South East Asian countries. They were experts in the sea navigation and they engaged in sea trade in pre-colonial times. According to SG Perera. “The initial settlement of Arab took place in

Srilanka during the reign of the King Pandukabhaya. It was reported that the King allocated lands for the Yonas (Muslims) at Anuradhapura. This historical account was recorded in (Mahavansa). (S.G Perera. P.16, the Portuguese and Dutch Period 1505-1796). This is what historical chronicle of Srilanka says about early Muslim settlement in Srilanka. It was argued that with the defeat and disintegration of Roman Empire in the 3rd A.D their trade domination was also gradually crumbled and disappeared. Historians argued that this trade vacuum was duly !lled by Arab and Persians sea traders in the South eastern Asian countries. This was the time when Islamic Empire was rapidly expanding in the East and West. Historians are amazed at the

It is unfortunate that children in Srilankan schools do not have historical lessons to learn andunderstand the historical roots of minoritycommunities in Srilanka. Srilankan Muslimhistory has not been taught in Srilankanschools, institutes and universities.


rapid progress of Islamic empire in a short of period of time. During the Umayyad dynasty Islam spread so quickly in the west and East: It was reported that after the conquest of Persia (Iran) Syria and Egypt Arabs were able to control all important ports and trading centres between East and West It was reported that by about the 8th century A.D the Arabs had formed colonies at the important ports of Indian and Ceylon costal areas. It was reported that presence of Arabs at the ports of Ceylon was con!rmed by the discoveries of some inscriptions in Colombo, Trincomalee and Puliantivu. ((Kamalika Pieris. P.8)

Srilankan Muslim history was recorded by Ibn Batuta in his travelogue. According to him at the end of the 7th century a colony of Muslim traders had settled and estab-lished in Ceylon. Arab people were attracted to Ceylon because of its beautiful natural splendour. Moreover, Adam Peak might have attracted them as well: In addition to this people in Ceylon in those days were so friendly and kind. This might have paved the way for the permanent settlement: Moreover, history attests that early settlers were well received by the kings on those days. Most of them lived in the costal areas in peace and harmony with local people and they did main-tain trade and cultural contacts with Islam Empire in Baghdad and other Islamic cities. Kamilika Pieris. P. 8)

The historical origin of Srilankan Muslim has also been traced back to the House of Hashemite as well. According to Tikiri Abeyasinghale in his Portuguese Rule in Ceylon 1594-1612 the !rst Mohammadans of Ceylon were a portion of those Arabs of the House

of Hashim, who were driven from Arabia in the early part of the 8th century by the tyranny of the Caliph Abdel Malik bin Marwan, and who proceeding from the Euphrates Southwards made settlements in the concan in the

southern parts of the Peninsula of India, on the Island of Ceylon and Malacca. The divine of them which came to Ceylon formed eight consider-able settlements along the North-East, North and Western cost of that Island, viz one at Trincomalee, one at Ja"na. One at Colombo, one at barbareen, and one at point de Galle. (T.Abeyasinghe. p. 192). As we noted earlier socio-political and religious historical circum-stances and factors contributed to Muslim settlements in Ceylon: Kamilika Peiris identi!es the following religious and economic factors for the growth of Muslim settlements in Srilanka.

It is true that Muslim do not have historical chronicles as Singhalese and Tamil have and yet, Arab trade history could be traced from Silk route trade history. It is true that we Muslim have failed to do any systematic and scien-ti!c research about the historical origin of Muslim in Srilanka. Works of Arab historians may be useful in this regard to rewrite Muslim history in Srilanka: It is a monumental task for Muslim intellectuals and academics to peruse such academic studies rather than referring to recent historical works. We should go classical historical works to understand our own history.

1) Economic interests of Singhalese kings: During those days Singhalese people were only interested in farming and cultivation and they rarely dared to venture out of Island for fear of their lives. The Muslim people dominated trade on the sea and lands. Thus, Singhalese kings encouraged and favoured Muslim settlements in Ceylon for economic and trade interests: Because Muslim people had overseas contact in trade and politics: Muslim made Ceylon a famous place in the

Middle East by this trade expansion and their contacts with Muslim world. This seems that Singhalese kings permitted Muslim settlements because they brought wealth, incomes and prosperity to the Island: 2) Religious tolerance of local Singha-lese people is another main factor that contributed to the growth of Muslim settlements in Ceylon. (Kamilika Peiris. P. 9)

It was unthinkable that Muslim people would have settled in Ceylon those days without o#cial invitation of Singhalese kings and people. Those were days of piracies in the sea and lands. How could Muslims people settle in a stage land without o#cial reception? How could they would have survived for the last 10 centuries had they not been welcomed in this Island? Singhalese people were kinds and compassionate by nature that might have encouraged Muslim settlements. It was mutual interests of both commu-nities that made Muslim settlement possible in Srilanka. The pattern of early Muslim settlements testify that Muslim came to Srilanka as traders and businessmen: Most of early settle-ments were wet up around the surrounding of posts and costal areas on trade routes. It was unthinkable that early Arab traders would have accom-panied with wives to Ceylon in those precarious long sea journey to Ceylon: Hence, it could be assumed that they would have married local women (Kamilika Peiris. P. 9). This would not have taken place without approval of Singhalese kings. Religiously speaking such assumption was not unviable those days. Marrying more than one wife is traditional and religiously sanctioned in Islam.

Lorna Dewaraja in her book “ The Muslims of Srilankan: 1000 years of ethnic harmony: 900 A.D 1915AD argues that Muslims have got one thousand years of peaceful history in Srilankan soil and they managed to get on well with Singhalese throughout this long period of history: She main-tains that Muslim people have some traditional Singhalese family names which clearly allude to their ancestral family roots of Muslim people today: while Muslim people maintain their


original family trees they preserved their religious identity as well in their Islamic names: Sinhala names were used in profession and legal docu-ments to testify their origin and owner-ship o properties and lands: (Dewaraja.pp12-13) This shows that Srilankan Muslims have been main-taining their cultural and religious identity while recognising their ances-tral and family trees in the Island:

Lorna Dewaraja further contends that Muslim people and Singhalese kings had amicable relationship from ancient time right thorough Kandyan epoch. The kings of Srilankan reckoned that Muslim traders were economically and politically an asset and for that reason Kings not only gave permission for Muslim people to settle in Srilanka but also guaranteed their safety and security (Dewaraja. P.4) otherwise, how could Muslim people survive through-

out long period in Srilaka and she further notes that “ Right through from the Anuradhapura period to Kandyan times there was a Muslim lobby operat-ing in the Srilankan court. It advised the king on overseas trade policy. They also kept the king informed of develop-ment abroad. The Muslim trader with his navigational skills and overseas contacts become the secret channel of communication between the court and the outside world” (Dewaraja.P.8).

What a shrewd diplomacy of Srilankan kings was this? It is unfortunate that in our modern time some politicians and some extremist Singhalese people are short-sighted in their assessment of such broader diplomacy today. Those days Srilankan kings were cleaver enough to know the importance of international relationship for the prosperity of the nation. They knew well that such cordial relationship was

bene!cial to all. Some kings sent some Muslim people as ambassadors to some Muslim nations: It was recorded that “in the 13th century Al-Haj Aby Uthman was sent by the Srilankan kings Buvanekabahu 1 to the Mamluk court of Egypt to negotiate direct trade (Dewaraja. PP.8-16). They were cleaver enough to use skills and experience of Muslims for the greater bene!ts of countries. Muslims served in the court-yard of kings as security personals and o"cials because those days Kandiyan kings had faith and con!dence in Muslims. Kings knew well that Muslims would not betray them in all circum-stance. Some Muslims served as chefs and cooks in the courtyard of kings because Kings had faith in them that they would not harm them at all. Some Muslim people provided supervision during the great Buddhist religious functions and festivals.

wpag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J kpfTk; ft

iyf;Fhpa tplakhfTk; K];ypk;

fis kpfTk; jpLf;fpl itg;gjhf

Tk; cs;sJ. KO kdpj r%fj;jpw;

Fk; Kd;khjphpahf ,Ug;gjw;Fhpa

cah;e;j> Gdpjkhd topfhl;ly;

nfhs;iffisf; nfhz;bUf;fNtz;

ba K];ypk;fs; jw;NghJ> vjw;Fk;

jFjpaw;wth;fs; vd;Wk; ek;gj;jfh

jth;fs; vd;Wk; ngaiur; rk;ghjpj;

Js;sdh; (,J ve;jsT cz;ik

my;yJ cz;ikapy;iy vd;gJ xU

GwkpUf;f) vd;gJ mjph;r;rpaspg;gjhf

cs;sJ. ,t;thwhd vjph;kiwf;

fz;Nzhl;lq;fshdJ> K];ypk;fs;

,ju r%fq;fSld; ,ize;J

neUf;fkhfr; nraw;gLtjw;fhd ek;

gpf;ifia kPsTk; fl;bnaOg;Gt

jw;F jilf;fw;fshfTk; mike;

Js;sd.

jw;NghJ cldbg; nghWg;Gf

shf K];ypk; r%fk; ,uz;L tpl

,J njhlh;gpyhd fhj;jpukhd

midtUf;Fk; Vw;Gila xU Vw;

ghL mLj;j khjk; iftug;ngWk;

vd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

,e;j ehl;by; ghuk;ghpakhf

Mz;lhz;L fhykhf tho;e;J

tUfpd;w K];ypk;fshfpa ehKk;

ek;;kstpy; jtWfis ,ioj;Js;

Nshk; vd;gijAk; Kjypy; xg;Gf;

nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. vkJ rpy fle;j

fhy nraw;ghLfSk;> murpay; gpuf

ldq;fSk;> tPr;rhd Ngr;Rf;fSk;

K];ypk;fs; Fwpj;j re;Njfq;fis

Ak; $l;L tpNuhj kdg;ghd;ikap

idAk; gpw r%fq;fSf;F kj;jpapy;

Vw;gLtjw;F> gq;fspg;Gr; nra;j

xU fhuzpahf ,Ue;jpUf;fTk;

$Lk;. ‘K];ypk;fs; ek;gj;jFe;jth;

fs; my;yh;’ vd;w ghuJ}ukhd

kdg;ghq;F ,ju r%j;jpdh; kj;jp

apYs;sJ vd;gJ gy;NtW r%ff;

fye;Jiuahly;fs; Clhff; fz;l

aq;fisf; $l;lhf milahsq;

fz;L nraypy; ,wq;fpAs;sik

tuNtw;fj;jf;fJ. xd;W ,yq;if

K];ypk;fSf;F topfhl;lf; $ba

K];ypk; Njrpa #uh rig cUthf;

fk;. ,uz;lhtJ> ,yq;ifapYs;s

,ju r%fq;fSld; rftho;tpid

Ak; ePbj;j rkhjhdj;ijAk; Vw;g

Lj;jp Gjpa ,yq;ifj; Njrj;ijf;

fl;bnaOg;Gtjpy; K];ypk;fSk;

jkJ KOikahd gq;fspg;gpid

toq;FtJ. Nkw;gb ,uz;L nraw;

ghLfSk; ntw;wpfukhf epiwT

ngWtjw;Fk; ,g;Gjpa Nghf;Ff

is tYg;gLj;Jtjw;F gpwehLfsp

Ys;s ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; vd;d

tifahd ghj;jpuq;fis Mw;w Kb

Ak; vd;gJ cldbahd fye;Jiu

ahly; tplakhf Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ

ekJ vjph;ghh;g;ghFk;.

,yq;if K];ypk;fs;... 10k; gf;f njhlh;r;rp...

(,g;gj;jpahsh; ,yq;ifapy; r%f nraw;ghl;lhsuhf cs;shh;.)

13tJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;ij xopf;f Ntz;Lk;> kpUftijia jil nra;a Ntz;Lk;> ngsj;j rl;lj;jpd; mbg;gilapyhd murpayikg;ig nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk;> tlf;F fpof;fpy;> rpq;fstu;fSf;F epy cupikia cWjpg;gLj;Jk; rkkhd rl;lj;ij nfhz;L tu Ntz;Lk;> ngsj;ju;fs; Vida kjq;fSf;F khWtij jil nra;a Ntz;Lk;> K];ypk; jPtputhjj;ij NtUld; mopf;f Ntz;Lk;> vy;yh kJghd epiyaq;fis %lNtz;Lk;> vy;yh kjf;

Nfhl;ghLfisAk; epuhfupf;f Ntz;Lk; Mfpa Nfhupf;iffis typAWj;jpNa rhFk;tiuapyhd cz;zhtpuj;ij Nkw;nfhs;sTs;sjhf rpq;fs uhta vr;rupj;Js;sJ. ,e;j cz;zhtpujk; Muk;gpf;fTs;s ehs;> ,lk; kw;Wk; gq;Nfw;Nghu; Fwpj;J tpiutpy; mwptpf;fg;gLk; vd;Wk; rpq;fs uhta $wpAs;sJ.

cz;zhtpujj;jpy; Fjpf;fpwJ rpq;fs uhta

r%f ,Ug;G


Mrhj; rhyp kPjhd ifJ xU rl;ltpNuhjkhd nray; vd;gJ midtUf;Fk; njhpe;jJjhd;. Mdhy; ,JnthU rl;ltpNuhjkhd mlf;FKiw nray; vdr; nrhy;y ekJ jiyth;fs; gyUf;F Jzptpy;iy. mth; ntspapypUe;J vg;gb Jzpr;ryhf Fuy; nfhLj; jhNuh mNj Nghy;jhd Fw;wg; Gydha;Tj; Jiwahy; gaq;futhj jilr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L tprhhpf;fg;gl;l NghJk; Ie;J ehl;fs; czNth ePNuh mUe;jhJ mfpk;ir topapy; jdJ milahs vjph;g;ig ntspg;gLj;jpdhh;. K];ypk;fSf;fhf Fuy; nfhLj;jjw;fhf> ,yq;ifapy; ifJ nra;ag;gl;l Kjy; murpay; jiyth; ,th;jhd;. me;j tuyhw;Wg; ngUikia toq;Ftjpy; ekf;F Vd; ,e;j jaf;fk;?

rpiw kPz;l Mrhj; rhyp

,d

xLf;Fjypd;

milahsk;!

jLg;gpypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl;l gpd;Dk; kpf cWjpahf ,Uf;fpwhh;.

jhd; ve;j Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf ifJ

nra;ag;gl;L> mr;RWj;jg;gl;Nld;

vd;gjpy; mtUf;F njspthd

ghh;it cs;sJ> ele;j

tplaq;fSf;Fk; vjph;fhyj;jpy;

K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf elf;fTs;s

tplaq;fSf;Fk; vjpuhf jdJ Fuy;

njhlh;e;Jk; xypf;Fk; vd;fpwhh;

Mrhj; rhyp.

me;j chpa ,lj;ij mtUf;F toq;Ftjpy; K];ypk; murpay; jiyth;fSf;F mt;tsT tpUg;gk; ,Uf;f tpy;iy. Mrhj; rhyp nrhw;g fhyj;jpw;Fs; KO ehl;L K];ypk;fs; kj;jpapy; xU '`PNuhthtJ" mth;fSf;F rpf;fiyj; jUk; tplak;jhd; vd;gij ek;khy; Ghpe;J nfhs;sf;$bajhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fpwJ. Mdhy; vd;d nra;ayhk;? mth;jhNd Fuy; nfhLj;jhh;…. K];ypk; murpay; jiyth;fs; midtUk; nksdkhf> Ngr;rpoe;J ,Ue;j NghJ….

ehl;L kf;fspilNa fLk;Nghf;if J}z;LNthh; kPJ murhq;fk; eltbf;if vLf;fj; jaq;fhJ vd> ,tuJ ifij mLj;J tha;jpwe;j ghJfhg;G nrayhsh; Nfhj;jgha fLk; njhdpapy; vr;rhpj;jhh;. Nfhj;j ghatpd; ehl;L kf;fs; kPjhd mf;fiw ekf;F Gy;y hpg;igj; jUfpwJ. K];ypk;fspd; gs;spthry;fis cilg;gth;fs;> K];ypk; th;j;jf epiyaq;fisj; jhf;FNthh;> K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf rjh ,dth jj;ijAk; kjthjj;ijAk; ff;FNthh; ,th; ghh;it apy; fLk;Nghf;fhsh;fspy;iy NghYk;. ,th;fs; Njrj; jpahfpfs;jhd;> Nfhjghatpd; ghh;itapy;...

$l;lq;fs; elj;JNthh;> Mh;g;ghl;lq;fs; nra; Nthh;> ,yq;if rpq;fs kf;fSf;F kl;LNk nrhe;j nkd gfpuq;fkhf Ngrp gpw ,d kf;fis me;epah;fs; Mf;FNthh; ghJfhg;ghfTk; Rje;jpukhfTk; elkhl> K];ypk;fs; kPJ murhYk; rpq;fs ,dthj mikg; GfshYk; njhlh;r;rpahf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;LtUk; [dehaf tpNuhj eltbf;iffisapl;L [dehaf hPjpapy; Fuy; nfhLf;Fk; xU kdpjid ,yf;F itj;J

- K]y;khd; -


ifJ nra;jJk; ,g;gb “fLk; Nghf;F” vd milah sk; fz;L rPwpg;gha;tJk; Nkhrkhd ,d> kj gf;fr; rhh;Gjhd;.

ahh; ,yq;ifapy; ,d> kj fLk; Nghf;if J}z;Lfpwhh;fs;? ahh;; ,tw;wpw;F gf;fgykhf ,Uf;fp whh;fs;? Rakhf rpe;jpf;Fk; kdpjh;fSf;F njhpe;j cz;ikfs; xU Gwk; ,Uf;f> ghJfhg;G nrayhshpd; FUl;Lj;jdkhd ghh;it ntspg;gLk; epiy ,J! xU r%fj;jpd; epahakhd chpikfSf;Fk; chpj;Jf; Fkhf Neh;ikahf Fuy; nfhLg;gth;fis ePq;fs; gaq; futhjpfs; vdyhk;… jLj;J itf;fyhk;> vr;rhpj;J mr;RWj;jyhk;… Vd; fhzhky; Nghff;$l nra;a yhk;. fUj;Jr; Rje;jpuk; kpf Mgj;jhd fl;lj;ij fle;J tpl;lJ ,yq;ifapy;….

Mrhj;rhypapd; tpLtpg;G> Ml;rpahsh;fspd; tpUg;gj; Jld; ele;jjy;y> rh;tNjr hPjpahfTk;> Njrpa hPjpah fTk; vOe;j neUf;fbAk;> Mrhj; rhypf;F jpuz;l kf;fs; MjuTNk mtuJ tpLjiyf;F fhuzkhFk;. Mrhj; rhypf;F Mjuthf K];ypk; kf;fs; kl;Lky;y> jkpo;-rpq;fs kf;fSk; rptpy; r%fg; gpujpepjpfSk;> murpay; jiyikfSk; Fuy; vOg;gpd> ,g;gbahd xd;Wjpuz;l vjph;g;ig MSk; muR vjph;ghh;j;jp Uf;fhJ.

mtuJ tpLjiyia nfhr;irg;gLj;jTk;; vspikg; gLj;jTk; Mrhj;rhyp [dhjpgjpaplk; kd;dpg;Gf; Nfl;ljhf fijtpl;ldh;. Mrhj;rhypAk; mtuJ rl;lthsh;fSk; mg;gb xd;Wk; eil ngwtpy;iy vd kWj;jdh;. mtuJ kidtp Nky; ePjpkd;wpy; jdJ fzthpd; ifJk; jLj;Jitg;Gk; rl;ltpNuhjkhdJ vd mbg;gil kdpj chpik tof;if jhf;fy; nra;jpUe;jhh;. ,yq;ifapd; gpujk ePjpaurh; nkh`hd; gPhp]; jiyikapyhd ePjpkd;wpy; mk;kD ghprPyidf;F vLf;fg;gl;lJ. nkh`hd; gPhp]; ,e;j tof;if xj;jpitj;Jtpl;L [dhjpgjpf;F nrhd;d jfty; ',jpy; murhq;fj;jpw;F rpy rpf;fy;fs; Vw;gl tha;g;Gs;sJ mtiu tpLtpg;gJjhd; topnad;g jhFk;." ve;j ePjpkd;wpYk; M[h; gLj;jg;glhky; xU cWjpr;rhd;W (Affidavit) kl;Lk; thq;fpf; nfhz;L muR mtiu tpLtpj;jJ. ,e;j tpLtpg;Gk; $l jpwe;j rpiwjhd;. mth; njhlh;r;rpahd fz;fhzpg;Gf;Fs; shf;fg;gl;Ls;shh;.

Jzpr;rYk; jPh;f;fKk; ,Ue;jhy; ve;j xLf;F Kiw muRf;Fk; vjpuhf [dehafj; jsj;jpy; Nghuhlyhk;

vd;gJ ,yq;if r%fq;fSf;F Mrhj;rhyp %yk; njhpag;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mdhy; ,d;iwa K];ypk; murpay; jiyth;fs; vd nrhy;ypf; nfhs;gth;fSf;F rpiw nry;tjw;nfy;yhk; tpUg;gkpy;iy> Neukpy;iy. mth;fSf;F gy Nrhyp. ghtk; mth;fis ,e;j tplaj;jpy; tpl;L tpl;L> Mdhy; kwf;fhky; xt; nthU Njh;jypy; ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F mDg;GNthk;. mjw;Nf mth;fs; nghUj;jkhdth;fs;. mth;fSf;F ghuhSkd;wKk; murpay; mjpfhuKk; gQ;R nkj;ijAk; gs;spaiwAkhFk;. ehk; mth;fis nehe;J vd;d gad;? Mrhj; rhypia my;yh`; ey;topg;gLj;jp ghJfhf;f Ntz;Lk;!

,e;j Jz;Lg;gpuRuk;

nrhy;tJ vd;d?

fz;b> kltis gpuNjrj;jpy;

fle;j khjk; tpepNahfpf;fg;

gl;l Jz;Lg;gpuRuk; xd;wpy;

,g;gb rpq;fs kf;fis

tpopj;J $wg;gl;Ls;sJ….

rh;tNjr> Njrpa hPjpahf

ngsj;j rpq;fsth;fSf;F

Mgj;Jf;fs; epfo;fpd;wd -

,J cq;fSf;Fj; njhpAkh?

jpde;NjhWk; ngsj;jh;fSf;F

nrhe;jkhd 10Vf;fh; fhzp me;epah; trkhfpwJ ,J

gw;wp ftiyg;gl tpy;iyah?

fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; ngsj;j tpfhiufspy; cs;s

fy;ntl;Lfs; mopf;fg;gLfpwJ> mjd; ghuJ}uk;

Ghpatpy;iyah?

kiyafj;jpd; Kf;fpa efuq;fs; me;epah; trkhfpwJ>

ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fg; NghfpwPh;fsh?

rpq;fs FLk;gnkhd;wpy; ,uz;L gps;isfNs ,Uf;fp

whh;fs;. Vida kjj;jth; FLk;gq;fspy; 10 Kjy; 15

gps;isfs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. vkJ rpq;fs kf;fspd; fjp

vd;dthFk;?

vkJ ngsj;j ngz;fis ghypay; hPjpahf rPuopf;fp

whh;fs; - ,d;Dkh ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwPh;fs;?

,d;iwa K];ypk; murpay; jiyth;fs; vd

nrhy;ypf; nfhs;gth;fSf;F rpiw

nry;tjw;nfy;yhk; tpUg;gkpy;iy> Neukpy;iy.

mth;fSf;F gy Nrhyp. ghtk; mth;fis ,e;j

tplaj;jpy; tpl;L tpl;L> Mdhy; kwf;fhky; xt;

nthU Njh;jypYk; ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F mDg;GNthk;.

mjw;Nf mth;fs; nghUj;jkhdth;fs;. mth;fSf;F

ghuhSkd;wKk; murpay; mjpfhuKk; gQ;R

nkj;ijAk; gs;spaiwAkhFk;.

r%fg; nghWg;G


1980fspy; Vw;gl;l Kjyhspj;Jt nghUshjhu

tsh;r;rpg; Nghf;fpd; fhuzkhf NtiyNjb

kj;jpafpof;F ehl;bw;F nry;Yk; ,yq;if K];ypk;f

spd; nghUs; NjLk; glyk; Muk;gpf;fpwJ. md;wpyp

Ue;J ,d;Wtiu kj;jpafpof;F njhopy; tha;g;G

,yq;if K];ypk;fSf;F tUtha;j; Jiwrhh;e;j

ngUk; tha;g;ghf ,Uf;fpwJ. 2005f;F gpd;dhd

nghUshjhu neUf;fbAk; njd;dhrpahtpy; mjpf

hpj;j Ntiyapy;yhg; gilapd; ngUf;fKk;> kj;jpa

fpof;F ehl;bw;fhd njhopyhsh; Cjpaj;jpy; ghhpa

jhf;fj;ij tpistpj;jpUf;fpwJ. ,jdhy; Mff;

Fiwe;j tUkhdk; ngUfpd;w cly; ciog;Gj;

njhopyhsh;fs; kj;jpafpof;F ehl;bw;F nry;tjd;

%yk;> $ba tUkhdj;ij ngw Kbahj epiyia

,d;W vjph;;Nehf;Ffpd;wdh;.

fy;tpahsh;fs;> fdzpj;Jiw rhh;e;Njhh;> fzf;fpay;

kw;Wk; njhopy; El;g ty;Ydh;fSf;fhd njhopy;

tha;g;Gk; tUkhdKk; kj;jpafpof;fpy; rhjfkhfNt

cs;sJ. Rkhh; ehw;gjhapuk; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs;

kj;jpafpof;F ehLfspy; njhopy; nra;tjhf cWjpg;g

Lj;jg;glhj jfty;fs; njhptpf;fpd;wd.

kj;jpafpof;fpw;F ntspNa Nkw;F ehLfis Nehf;fp

,yq;if K];ypk;fs; nrd;w Kjy;ehL gphpj;jhdpah

vd ek;gg;gLfpwJ. ,jw;fhd tha;g;ghf Mq;fpy

nkhopf; fy;tpAk;> gpurpj;jp ngw;w gy;fiyf;fofq;

fspy; fw;gjw;fhd tha;g;Gkhf ,Ue;Js;sJ. 1950>

1960fspy; K];ypk;fspy; nry;te;j gphptpdh;> Mq;fpy

nkhopf; fy;tpfw;Nwhh; jkJ gps;isfis gphpj;jhdp

ahTf;F mDg;gp fw;f itj;jdh;. mth;fspy; rpyh;

ehLjpUk;g> gyh; mq;NfNa epue;jukhf jq;fptpl;l

dh;. 1980fspy; gphpj;jhdpahtpy; Vw;gl;l njhopyhsh;

,yq;iff;F ntspapy; thOk;,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; gzp!

njhopy;tha;g;G> fy;tp> nghUshjhuk;>

Gfyplk; vd gy;NtW fhuzq;fshy;>

,yq;ifiar; Nrh;e;j K];ypk;fs;

,yq;iff;F ntspapy; gy;NtW ehLfspy;

tho;e;J tUfpd;wdh;. r%fq;fshf> rpW

njhifapduhf> jdpkdpjh;fshf ,th;fsJ

tho;T fope;J tUfpwJ. mnkhpf;fh>

fdlh> gphpj;jhdpah> gpuhd;];> N[h;kd;>

Rtpl;ryhe;J> nejh;yhe;J> Rtpld;>

mT];Nuypah Nghd;w ehLfspYk; kj;jpa

fpof;F ehLfshd rCjp mNugpah>

fl;lhh;> Fitj;> Xkhd; Nghd;w

ehLfspYk; tho;e;J tUk; ,th;fSf;Fk;

,yq;if ehl;bw;Fkhd njhlh;G FLk;gk;>

Ch;> nrhe;j kf;fs;> jha;ehL vd;fpw

tifapy; gykhfNt ,Uf;fpwJ.

-igA+]; mfkl;-


gw;whf;Fiwia rkhspf;f njd;dh rpah ehLfshd ,e;jpah> ghfp]; jhd; Nghd;w ehLfspypUe;J njhop yhsh;fis gphpj;jhdpah vLj;j NghJ mjpy; tha;g;Gf; fpilj;j ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; rpyh; mq;F nrd;W FbNawp cs;sdh;. 1980 fspy; eLj;ju th;f;fg; gphptpdiur; Nrh;e;j gyUk; fy;tp tha;g;Gf;fhf> njhopy;tha;g;Gf;fhf gphpj;jhdpah nrd;Ws;sdh;. ,Nj fhyg; gF jpapy; mnkhpf;fh> fdlh> N[h;kd;> gpuhd;];> Rtpl;ryhe;J> mT];Nu ypah Nghd;w ehLfSf;Fk; ,yq; if K];ypk;fs; nrd;Ws;sdh;. Mdhy; ,th;fs; xU rpW njhifapdh;jhd;.

,yq;ifapy; jkpo; kf;fSf;F vjpuhf 1983y; epfo;e;j [_iy ,d g;gLnfhiy> jkpo; kf;fis Nkw;F ehLfis Nehf;fp Gyk;ngau itj;j #oy; Nghd;W 1990fSf;Fg; gpd; ,yq;if K];ypk;fSk; Nkw;F ehLfSf;F nry;y Nehpl;lJ. 1990fspd; gpd;dhd ,yq;if ,d Nkhjypy; tpLjiyg; Gypfspd; Nkhrkhd K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd eltbf;iffs;> ,yq;if murpd; nraw;ghLfis fhuzk; fhl;lf; $ba #oypy;> ,yq;if K];yp k;fs; Nkw;F ehLfspy; murpay; jQ;rk; ngwf;$ba epiyte;jJ.

2000,y; ntspehl;L gy;fiyf;fo fq;fspy;> fy;Y}hpfspy; fw;Fk; tha; g;Gk; fhuzkhf ,e;j ehLfSf;F K];ypk;fs; nrd;wdh; - fdlh> mnkhpf;f ehLfspd; FbtuTf; nfhs;if me;ehLfSf;F ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; nrd;W FbNaWtjw; fhd tha;g;igj; je;jJ. fdlh> gphpj;jhdpah Nghd;w ehLfspy; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; mjpfk; tho; tJld; r%f> fyhrhu mikg;Gf shfTk; ,aq;fp tUfpd;wdh;. N[h;kd;> gpuhd;];> Rtpl;ryhe;J> mT];Nuypah Nghd;w ehLfspy; rpW njhifapduhfTk;> rpjwpAk; jdpj;Jk; tho;e;J tUfpd;wdh;.

,yq;iff;F ntspapy; tho;fpd;w ,th;fspy; Fwpg;gpl;L nrhy;yf; $ba xU rpyNu nghUshjh uj;jpy; jd;dpiwT fz;lth;fshf cs;sdh;. epGzj;Jt Jiwrhh; njhopypy; cs;Nshh; ey;y tUkh dj;jpYk; trjpahfTk; tho;fpd;w dh;;. Vida ngUk; gFjpahd gphptpdh; nghUshjhu gpur;rpid ia vjph;nfhs;gth;fshfNt ,Uf; fpd;wdh;. mz;zsthf ,Ugj;ij ahapuk; Ngh; ,e;j ehLfspy; trpg;

gjhf fUjKbAk;. ,yq;ifapYs;s jkJ FLk;gq;fis Nghrpg;gjw; Fk;> mth;fSf;F cjTtjw;Fkhd nghUshjhu cjtpfis nra;tJ ,g;gphptpdhpd; gpujhd nghWg;gh fTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,e;ehLfspy; Ntiyapy;yhg; gpur;rpid mjpfhpj; Js;s epiyapy;> mjpf tPl;L thl if> tho;f;ifr; nryT cah;T> r%f eyf; nfhLg;gdTfspd; Fiwg;G> Vida mbg;gilj; Njitfspd; nrytPdq;fSld;> me;je;jg; gpuNjrq;spy; cs;s Md; kPf> r%f epWtdq;fSf;Fk; gq;f spg;G nra;aTk; Ntz;bAs;sJ.

,j;jifa xU #oypy;jhd; ,yq;if ehl;by; K];ypk; kf;f Sf;F vjpuhf ele;J tUf;pd;w tpl aq;fisapl;Lk; mth;fs; jkJ ft dj;jpid Ftpf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. ehshe;jk; jkJ cwtpdh;fs;> ez;gh;fis njhlh;G nfhs;fpd;w NghJk;> Clfq;fs;> ,izaj;j sq;fs; Clhf tUfpd;w nra;jp fis gbf;fpd;w NghJk;; jkJ r%f czh;T fhuzkhf ntspehl;by; tho;fpd;w K];ypk;fspy; ngUk;gF jpapdh; mjpf ftiy nfhz;Ls; sdh;. ,d;W Njhd;wpAs;s epiy

ikiaapl;L mjpf mr;rk; nfhz; Ls;sdh;.

,th;fspd; czh;Tfs; nghJthf ,Ue;jhYk;> kj;jpafpof;F ehLf-spy; tho;Nthh;> Nkw;FehLfspy; epue;ju tjptpl chpik ,y;yhjth; fs;> khzth;fshf ,Ug;NghUf; Fk;> Nkw;FehLfspy; epue;j tjptpl cupikiaf; nfhz;NlhUf;Fk; ,ilapy; Mw;w Ntz;ba gzp fs; njhlh;gpy; nghWg;Gk;> flik Ak; NtWghlhf ,Uf;fpwJ. Nkw;F ehLfspy; epue;ju tjptplAupik cilath;fs; ,d;iwa epiyapy; murpay; uPjpahf Kd;ifnaLj;J nraw;glNtz;ba mtrpak; cs;sJ.

kj;jpa fpof;fpy; cs;s gphptpdh;> njhopy; xg;ge;jfhyk; Kbtile;j gpd; ehl;bw;F nry;yNtz;bath; fshf cs;sdh;> Nkw;FehLfspy; epye;ju tjptpl chpik ,y;yh Njhh; epiyikAk; mt;thNw!

,yq;if epytug;gb mq;F K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf elg;gij ntspg;gilahf vjph;g;gNjh> Fuy; vOg;GtNjh neUf;fbia juf;$ bajhf ,Uf;fpwJ> MdhYk; ,e;j neUf;fbf;Fs; ,Ue;Jk; mq;F K];ypk;fs; kj;jpapy; ,Ue;J vjph;g; Gf; Fuy;fs; vOe;Jjhd; tUfpd; wd. Mhh;g;ghl;lq;fs;> `h;j;jhy; fs;> mwpf;iffs; njhlf;fk; nghJ epWtdq;fshYk;> jdpkdpjh;fshYk; vjph;g;G fz;ldq;fs; ntspg;gLj; jg;gl;Nl tUfpd;wd.

Nkw;F ehLfspy; tho;e;J tUk; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; nra;af; $ba vt;tsNth gzpfs; cs;sd. ,e;j ehLfspy; cs;s [dehaf nghJ ntspia ehk; ghtpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mq;F ekJ kf;fs; neUf;fbia vjph;nfhs;fpd;w NghJ ehk; mth;f Sf;fhf Fuy; nfhLf;fhJ tpl;lhy;; ek;khy; nra;a Kbe;jijf; $l nra;aKbahJ ,Ue;jhy;; ahh;

mth;fspd; Fuyhf mk;kf;fspd; gpur;rpidia rh;tNjr kag;gLj; JtJ?

mq;Fs;s murpay;thjpfs; Ngr tpy;iy> mq;Fs;s r%fg; gpujpep-jpfs; Ngrtpy;iy> mth; Ngrtpy; iy> ,th; Ngrtpy;iy vd ekJ Mw;whikfis nfhl;bf; nfhz;b Ug;gij tpLj;J ek;khy; nra;a Kbe; jij ehk; nra;ahky; Vd; ,Uf;fp Nwhk; vd czh;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

jkJ nrhe;j kf;fs; xLf;fg;g Lfpd;w NghJ> me;j kf;fSf;fhf Fuy; vOg;GtJ ekJ flik>

nrhe;j ehl;by; xU kf;fs; gphptpdUf;F

chpik> Rje;jpuk; kWf;fg;gLfpd;w NghJ me;j

kf;fspd; FuyhfTk; Md;khfTk; ,Uf;f

Ntz;bath;fs; Gyk; ngah;e;j kf;fNs!


mLj;j jiyKiw


ghypay; kakhf;fg;gLk;rpWguhak;!

s e x u a l i s a t i o n o f c h i l d h o o d

ve;jnthU ngw;NwhUk; jkJ gps;isfs; nfl;lth;fshf> jtwhd gof;f tof;fq;fSilath;fshf tsh;tij tpUk;Gtjpy;iy. MdhYk; ,d;iwa cyfk; fth;r;rpfu tzpfj;jhYk;> tpsk;guj;jhYk;> Mlk;guj;jhYk; fl;likf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. ,j;jifa r%fj;jpw;Fs; gps;isfs; jtwhd gof;ftof;fq;fSf;F Ml;gLtJ epfo;e;JtpLfpd; wJ. Nkw;FehLfspy; tsh;fpd;w xt;nthU ,staJg; gps;isAk; jhd; kpfNtfkhf tsh;e;J ngupatuhfNtz;Lk; vd;Nw tpUk;Gfpd;wJld; r%f> R+oy; fhuzpfSk; mth;fSf;F mt;thwhd mOj;jj;ijNa nfhLj;JtUtjhf Ma;thsh;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;.

ngw;Nwhh;fs; vt;tsT Kaw;rpj;J jkJ gps;isfis jq;fsJ fyh rhu> gz;ghl;L tpOkpaq;fSf;Fs; tsh;j;jhYk;> gps;isfs; gy tplaq; fspy; nghUj;jkw;w fyhrhu top-Kiwfis gpd;gw;wpNa tsh;fpd;wdh; vd;gJ kWf;f Kbahj cz;ik. mj;NjhL ,e;ehLfspy; jkJ gps;is fis tsh;f;Fk; ngw;Nwhupd; kdq;f spy; jkJ gps;is tsUk; tpjk; njhlh;ghf gy;NtW mr;rq;fs;> mtjhdq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. mth;fs; vt;tsTjhd; tpopg;Gld; ,Ue;jh Yk; mth;fSf;F njupahkNyNa ,d;W gps;isfs; vt;thW topNfL fSf;Fs; js;sg;gLfpwhh;fs; vd;gNj ,f;fl;Liuapd; rhuk;rkhFk;.

vt;tpjkhd fyhrhuj;jpy; tho;e;jh Yk;> ehq;fs; vq;fsJ gps;isfis vq;fsJ fyhrhu gz;ghl;LlNdNa tsh;j;JtUfpNwhk; vd;W ngw;Nwhh; fs; khh;jl;bf;nfhz;lhYk; mth;fs; jq;fis mwpahkNyNa ngUkstpy; Vkhw;wg;gLfpwhh;fs; vd;gJ jhd; cz;ik. tPl;by; kpfTk; fl;Lg;gh lhfj;jhd; itj;jpUf;fpNwhk; vd;W rhd;W $wpdhYk; mJTk; ngha;ah fptpLtjhf Ma;thsh;fs; Fwpg;gpLfp whh;fs;.

,jpy; jiyahd gpur;rpidahf ,Ug;gJ ghypay; rhh;e;j tplakh Fk;. gps;isfsplj;jpy; rupahd Kiwapy; ghypay; fy;tpia nfhz; LNrh;j;jhNy xopa> gps;isfis ehk; ghypay; njhlh;ghd tplaq;f spy; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;Fs; nfhz;Ltu Kbahky; Ngha;tpLk;.

fle;j tUlk; Muk;g ju (Primary) khzth;fSf;fhf If;fpa ,uhr;rp aj;jpy; (United Kingdom) nfhz;L tug;gl;l ghypaw; fy;tp Kiwik cyfstpy; Ngrg;gl;L ghupa


tpthjq;fSf;Fs;shfpapUe;jJ. mg; ghlnewpahdJ ghypay; fy;tp kw;Wk; cwT Kiw ghlj;ij (Sex and Relationship) ,sk; tajpdUf;F fw;gpg;gjw;fhf gp.gp.rp. rdy; 4 (BBC Channel 4) njhiyf;fhl;rp epWtdj;jpduhy; jahupf;fg;gl;l yptpq; vd;l; FNuhtpq; (Living and Growing) vd;w b.tp.b (DVD) gad; gLj;jg;gl;lJld;> 5 taJ Foe; ijf;F ghypay; cWg;Gf;fis mil ahsk; fhZfpd;w gapw;rpfSk;> 7-9 taJ Muk;g ghlrhiy khzth;fSf;F rpj;jputbtpyhd clYwTf; fhl;rpfSldhd fw;w Yk;> 10-11 tajhd khzth;f Sf;F ghypay; kw;Wk; clYwT njhlh;ghd jiyg;Gfs; rhjhuz fye;Jiuahly;fshfTk; ghlj;jpl; lj;jpy; cs;slf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.

,t;thwhd ntspg;ilahd ghypay; kw;Wk; cwTKiw fw;gpj;j yhy; Vw;gLk; tpisthdJ If;fpa ,uhr;rpa r%fj;ijNa mbNahL mopj;JtpLk; vd;Wk; ,jdhy; gy ghypaw; njhw;W Neha;fs;> ,st ajpy; fh;g;gk; jupj;jy;> fUr;rpijT> Xupdr; Nrh;f;if Nghd;w jPq;fhd tpisTfNs Vw;gLtjhfTk; gy r%f mikg;Gf;fs; Fw;wQ;rhl;b apUe;jd. gps;isfSf;F ,t;thwhd fw;gpj;jy; eltbf;iffis Nkw; nfhs;Sk; NghJ> mg;gps;isfs; ,sikg; gUtj;ij (Adolecent) mile;jTld; mth;fSf;F Kiwaw;w clYwT (Depraved Sex)>

Ra ,d;gk; (Masterbution)> Mghrg; glq;fs; (Pornography) vd;gd rhjhuz tplaq;fshfptpLfpd;wd.

,g;ghlnewp njhlh;ghd tpth jq;fs; If;fpa ,uhr;rpa ghuhS kd;wj;jpy; ghupa tpthjq;fSf; Fs;shdJld; ,e;jg; ghlj;jpl; lj;jpid 2012k; Mz;L [{iy khjj;Jld; KbTf;F nfhz;LtU

tjhf mwptpf;fg;gl;lJ. MdhYk; ,g;ghlnewpfs; eLj;ju tFg;G (Secondary) khzth;fSf;F njhl-h;e;Jk; fw;gpf;fg;gl;L tUtJld; ,J ,d;DnkhU rthiyAk; Kfk; nfhLj;Js;sJ.

Vw;fdNt ghypay; kakhf;fg; gl;Ls;s ,f;fyhrhuj;jpy; ,g;ghl newpfis cupaKiwapy; gps;isf Sf;F fw;gpg;gjpy; kpFe;j rthy; cs;sjhf Mrpupah; mikg;Gf;fspd; xd;wpak; (National Union of Teachers) njuptpj;Jtpj;Js;sJ. mj;NjhL Vw;fdNt gps;isfSf;F Mghrkhd tplaq;fspy; ftdkpUg;gjhfTk;> jdJ clk;Gf; fl;likg;G> moF njhlh;ghd mOj;jq;fis Rke;jp Ug;gjhfTk; ,J ghlNeuq;fspy; rpy rthy;fis Njhw;Wtpg;gjhf Tk; ,jd; tpisTfs; Nkhrkh-fNt ,Ue;J tUtjhfTk; mt;t ikg;G Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

xU gps;isf;F ,jid Kiw ahfTk;> njspthfTk; fw;gpf; fhjtplj;J> mg;gps;is mj;jiyg; Gfis NtWtopfspy; mwpe;J nfhs;sNt Kw;gLfpd;wJ. Mrpup ah;fSf;F cs;s rpy tiuKiwf-shy; mth;fshy; Nghjpa mwpit gps;isfSf;F nfhLf;fKbahjpU f;fpwJ. ,jid tPl;by; ngw;Nwh Uld; NgRtjw;F gps;isfSk; jaq;Ffpd;wdh;. mj;NjhL ngw;Nwhh; fspy; ngUk;ghyhdth;fs; ghypay; njhlh;ghd tplaq;fis jkJ gps;isfSld; kdk; tpl;Lg; Ngr ty;yikaw;wth;fshf ,Ug;gjhfTk;

Ma;twpf;ifnahd;W njuptpf;fpd;wJ. ghypay; njhlh;ghd cWg;Gf;fspy; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs;> khjtplha;> Neha;fs; kw;Wk; ghypay; czh;T fs; njhlh;ghd tplaq;fis gps; isfSld; Ngr ngw;Nwhh;fs; jaq;FtjhfTk; njuptpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ngw;Nwhh;fSk; ,t;tplaj;jpy; jaf;fk; fhl;bdhy; gps;isfs; ,t;thwhd tplaq;fis NtW

topfspy; my;yJ ,ufrpakhf mwpe;J nfhs;s KidAk; NghJ jhd; gpur;ridfs; Muk;gpf;fpd;wd.

gps;isfs; ,stajpy; J}z;lg; gLfpd;w re;jh;g;gq;fisAk;> mth;fs; jtwhd gof;fq;fis goFtjw;F Ks;s topKiwfis> R+oiy gyh; Ma;Tnra;Js;sdh;. mjdbg;gil apy; rpy Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fis ehk; milahsg;gLj;jpAs;Nshk;.

,izaj;jsq;fs;

,iza cyfpy; (WWW) ,aq;F fpd;w jsq;fspy; 12% (4.8 kpy;ypad;) Mghrg;glj; jsq;fs; (Porn Websites) vdTk; 34% ghtid ahsh;fs; ghypay; tplaq;fisNa ,izaj;jpy; NjLtjhfTk; Gs;sp tpguq;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd. gy ,yl;rf;fzf;fhd Mghr tPbNahf; fSk; (Videos)> Nghl;Nlhf;fSk; (Photos) ,izaj;jsj;jpy; cyhT fpd;wd. ,d;W ekJ gps;isfs; fzdpfspy>; ,izaj;Jld; njhlh;gpNyNa ,Ue;JtUfpwhh;fs;. MfNt mth;fs; ,izaj;jpD} lhf ,t;thwhd Mghrg;glq; fis ghh;f;fpd;w tha;g;Gf;fs; mjp-fkhf Vw;gLfpd;wJ. mj;NjhL mNefkhd re;jh;g;gq;fspy; mth;fs; tpUk;gpNah tpUk;ghkNyh mt;th whd tplaq;fis mtjhdpf;fpd;w re;jh;g;gq;fs; tpsk;guq;fspD}lhf> fhl;rpg;gLj;jypD}lhf Njhw;Wtpf; fg;gLfpd;wJ. rhjhuz xU nkap iyr; nrf; (Checking E-Mail) gz;z nry;Yk; NghJ $l mjd; xU gf;fj;jpy; miuFiwahd MilA ld; xU ngz;zpd; cUtk; tpsk;guj;jpw;fhf gjpNtw;wg;gl; Ls;sij ehKk; fhz;fpNwhk;.

vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ekJ gps;isfis ehNk mtjhdpf;f KbahJ vd;gJ cz;ik. rpy ngw;Nwhh;fs; jq;fsJ tPl;L ,izaf; fzf;Ffis ngWk; NghNj mjpy; Mghrkhd tplaq; fis jtph;g;gjw;fhf gpy;lh;fis

YouTube Nghd;w,izaj;jsq;fspy; kpy;ypad;

fzf;fhd Mghrg;glq;fs;

(Pornography)> fhl;rpfs; gjpNtw;wg;gl;Ls;sd


(Filters) nraw;gLj;j Ntz;bf; nfhs;fpd;wik tuNtw;fj;jf;ftpl akhf ,Uf;fpd;wNghjpYk; jw;Ngh ija fhyk; mjidAk; Kwpabj; Js;sJ.

fle;j rpy tUlq;fs; tiu A+bA+g; (YouTube) Nghd;w ve;j tPBNah Nghh;ly; (Video Portals) fspYk; kpf Mghrkhd tPBNahf; fis mth;fs; mjpfk; mDkjpj;jp Uf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; jw;NghJ ,t;thwhd midj;J kf;fSk; tUif jUfpd;w tPbNah Nghh;ly;

fspy; kpy;ypad; fzf;fhd Mghrg; glq;fs; gjpNtw;wg;gl;Ls;sd. xU rpy tPbNahf;fSf;F ngaus tpy; taJf; fl;Lg;ghL (Age Restricted) tpjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jhYk; mJTk; ntWk; fz;Jilg;ghfNt mike;Js;sJ. rfy juj;jpYkhd Mghrg;glq;fs; kzpj;jpahyf; fzf;fpy; A+bA+g;gpy; gjpNtw;wg;gl; Ls;sikia ehk; mwpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mj;NjhL ehk; vg;gb Ak; mjid jil nra;tJ rhj;jpa kpy;yhj xU tplak;. fhuzk; gps;isfs; jq;fsJ fw;wy; Njitf Sf;fhf A+bA+g;gpYs;s tPbNahf; fis gad;gLj;jp tUfpd;wdh;.

mj;NjhL jw;fhyj;jpy; Mghrj; NjitfSf;fhf ,izaj;jsj;jpy; NjLgth;fs; Mghr ,izag;gf;f q;fSf;F nry;tjpy;iynad;Wk; mth;fs; r%f tiyj;jsq;fisNa

(Social Network Sites) gad;gLj;Jfp whh;fs; vd;w Ma;twpf;ifAk; ntspahfpAs;sJ.

r%f tiyj;jsq;fs; xUtUf;nfhUth; jfty;fis gupkhwpf;nfhs;Sk; Nehf;fpy; Muk; gpf;fg;gl;l Ng];Gf; (Facebook)> btpl;lh; (Twitter) Nghd;w r%f tiyj;jsq;fspy; ,d;W rfy tpj Njh;Tk;> tpUg;Gk; rhh;e;jth;fs; cs;Eioe;Jtpl;bUf;fpd;wikAk;> tpsk;gujhuh;fspd; iffspy; ,it fs; rpf;fpapUf;fpd;wikiaAk; ehk;

ed;F mwpNthk;. tiuKiwaw;w tpsk;gujhuh;fspdhy; ,d;W Ng]; Gf;> btpl;lh; r%ftiyj;jsq;fs; Mghr jsq;fis tplTk; Nkhr khd epyikf;F nrd;Ws;sij ahUk; kWf;f KbahJ.

Ng];Gf;fpd; gf;fq;fspy; (Pages) ,d;W Mapuf;fzf;fhd gf;fq;fs; Mghrg;gl ebiffspdJk; (Porn Stars) my;yJ Mghrf; fhl;rpfisf; nfhz;LkpUf;fpd;wd. xU Mghrg; glk; my;yJ ,izaj;jsj;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;w tplaq;fis tpl gd;klq;F ,g;gf;fq;fs; Ng];Gf; ghtidahsh;fs; kj;jpapy; nrd;w ilfpd;wd. Nghl;Nlhf;fshf> tPBNahf;fshf kw;Wk; Fwpg;Gf; fshf gupkhwg;gLfpd;w (Share) mNjNtis ,it fUj;Jf;fshYk; (Comments) Cf;Ftpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

cz;ikapy; ,t;thwhd Mghr tplaq;fis tpUk;ghj xUth; $l> ,r; r%f tiyj;jsq;fspD} lhf ,j;jfty;fis ghh;itapl Ntz;b Vw;gLfpd;wJ. jd; ez;gh;fs; gl;baypy; (Friends List) ,Uf;Fk; ahNuh xUth; ,t;th whd gf;fq;fis iyf; (Like) gz;dpapUe;jhYk; my;yJ nfhkd;l; (Comment) ,l;bUe;jhYk; mJ ,th;fsJ ilk;iydpYk; (Timeline) Njhd;Wk;. cjhuzkhf xUth; xU Mghrkhd Nghl;Nlh xd;iw iyf; nra;jpUe;jhy; me;j Nghl;Nlh

mtuJ ez;gh;fspd; ilk;iydp Yk; Njhd;Wk;.

,t;thwhd gf;fq;fs; ,yl;rf;f zf;fhd ghtidahsh;fshy; iyf; gz;zg;gl;bUg;gJk;> gupkhwg; gl;LtUtJk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. mNj Nghd;Nw btpl;lh; jsj;jp D}lhfTk; xt;nthU ebfh;> ebiffSk; (Movie Stars) jhq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;fpd;w my;yJ jq;fsJ xt;nthU me;juq;f eltbf;if fisAk; gfph;e;Jnfhs;fpwhh;fs;. ,tw;wpid thrpg;gjpdhy; Vw;gL fpd;w tpisTfis cq;fSf;F tpsf;fNtz;bajpy;iy.

,iza mul;il - (Online Chat)

mNefkhd gps;isfs; r%f tiyj;jsq;fspD}lhfTk;> ];ifg; (Skype) kw;Wk; ifj;njhiyNgrp

,d;W Facebook,Twitter r%ftiyj;jsq;fs;Mghr jsq;fistplTk; Nkhrkhdepyikf;F nrd;Ws;sijahUk; kWf;f KbahJ.

Ng];Gf;fpd; gf;fq;fspy;,d;W Mapuf;fzf;fhdgf;fq;fs; Mghrg;glebiffspdJk; my;yJMghrf; fhl;rpfisf;nfhz;LkpUf;fpd;wd.


(Mobile) xd;iyd; rl;bq; mg;spNf rd;fspD}lhfTk; (Online Chatting Applications) cyfj;jpypUf;fpd;w gy tpj kdpjh;fSld; goFfpd;w re;jh;g;gq;fs; tha;f;fpd;wd. mth; fs; vt;thwdth;fs;> mth;fsJ Nehf;fq;fs; vd;d vd;gjid ehk; $h;e;J Nehf;fptplKbahJ. ekJ gps;isfSld; mth;fsJ gl;ba ypy; ,Uf;fpd;w ez;gh;fs; my;yJ Vidath;fs; jPa Nehf;fj;Jld; goFtjw;Fk; mjpf tha;g;Gf;fs; cz;L. ,t;thwhd njhlh;Gfshy; mNefkhf jq;fsJ clk;gpd; Nghl;Nlhf;fis> tPbNahf;fisNa mjpfkhf gupkhwptUfpd;wdh; vd ep&gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

nkhigy;fspy; ,d;W Vuhskhd mg;spNfrd;fs; ,t;thwhd ghypay; my;yJ Kiwaw;w njhlh;GfSf;F toprikg;gjw;fhfNt cUthf;fg; gl;Ls;sd. (mjd; ngah;fis Fwpg;gpl tpUk;gtpy;iy) ,t;th whd mg;spNfrd;fs; %yk; ekJ tPl;bw;F mUfpy; ghypay; Nehf;fq; fSld; ,Ug;gth;fis re;jpf;f KbtJld;> mwpKfkw;wth;fSl dhd KiwNflhd re;jpg;Gf;fs;> gof;ftof;fq;fs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. ,J njhlh;ghf ngw;Nwhh;fSf;F tpsf;fkspf;fg;gl;l NghJ mth;fs; nkhigy;fs;> gps;isfs; ghly; fisf; Nfl;gjw;fhfTk;> Nfk;];f is (Games) tpisahtjw;fhfTNk gad;gLj;Jtjhf njuptpj;jpUe;jdh;. Mdhy; Ma;Tfspy; gps;isfsJ nkhigy;fspy; ,t;thwhd tpl aq;fs; ,lk;ngWtJk; fz;Lgpbf; fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

rQ;rpiffs;> gj;jpupiffs;

Nkw;F ehLfspy; ntsptUfpd;w rQ;rpiffs;> mjd; ml;ilg;glq; fs; (Magazines Cover Pages) gw;wp ek; midtUf;Fk; ed;F njupAk;. ek; tPLfspy; ,t;thwhd rQ;rpif fis thrpf;fhjpUf;fpd;w Nghjp Yk;> gps;isfs; filfSf;Fs; Eiofpd;w NghJ mq;F mt;th whd rQ;rpiffspd; jiyg;Gf;fs;> ml;ilg;glq;fs; mth;fis <h;f;fp d;wJ. mitfis ghh;f;fpd;w NghJ mij mth;fSf;F thrpf;fNtz;L nkd;w vz;dk; Njhd;Wfpd;wJ. mij mth;fs; ,ufrpakhf thrpf;f Kaw;rpf;fpd;wdh;. mjw;Fs; ,Uf; Fk; nra;jpfs;> fijfs; kw;Wk; Gifg;glq;fs; mth;fis mjw;F mbikahf;fptpLfpd;wJ. njhlh;r; rpahd thrpg;Gf;fshy; mth;fSk; mt;thwhd tplaq;fis jkJ tho;ifapy; mKy;gLj;j Kidfpd; wdh;.

,e;j ehLfspy; ntsptUfpd;w mNefkhd gj;jpupiffspy; gpugyq; fspDila Kiwaw;w njhlh; Gfs;> me;juq;fj; njhlh;GfisNa tpgupj;J vOjg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J njhlh;gpy; 12 taJkpf;f gps;is fs; rpyuplk; elhj;jg;gl;l Ma;tpy; mg;gps;isfspy; mNefkh dth;fSf;F rh;tNjr gpugyq;fsp Dila me;juq;f tplaq;fs; njspthf njupe;jpUe;jik tpag;ig Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ.

njhiyf;fhl;rp (TV Channels)Nkw;FehLfspy; rpWth;fSf;fhf gy;NtW njhiyf;fhl;rp rdy;fs; ,Ug;gNjhL mitfNs mNefkhf vkJ tPLfspy; gps;isfshy; ghh;f; fg;gLfpd;wd. ,r;Nrdy;fspy; xsp gug;gg;gLfpd;w epfo;Tfis ghh;g; gjdhy; ghupastpy; ve;j khw;wq; fSk; gps;isfSf;Fs; Vw;glh jpUf;fpd;wNghjpYk;> me;epfo;Tfs;

xU Mokhd fyhrhuj;ij> tho;f;if Kiwia gps;isfSf; Fs; jpzpg;gjhfNt ehd; fUJfp-Nwd;. rhjhuz fhh;Ld; Kjy; xU eifr;Rit epfo;r;rp tiu miuF iwahd MilfSk;> Mz; ngz; fyg;G njhlh;ghd epfo;TfSNk fhl;lg;gLfpd;wd. rpWth; epfo;r;rp fspy; $l Mz; ngz; Nrh;e;J ntspNa nry;tJ> Kj;jkpLtJ Nghd;w fhl;rpfs; kpfr; rhjhuz khfTk;> njhlh;r;rpahfTk; fhl; lg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e;epo;Tfis gps; isfs; njhlh;e;J ghh;f;Fk; NghJ mth;fSk; mg;gbahd xU fyhrh uj;ij Nehf;fp <h;f;fg;gLfpwhh;fs;.

mj;NjhL njhiyf;fhl;rpapy; xspgug;gg;gLfpd;w mNefkhd ghly; fhl;rpfspy; ngz;fs; miu eph;thzkhfNt Njhd;wp Mghrf; fhl;rpfs; epiwe;jjhfNt ,th;f Sk; ,th;fsJ ghl;Lf;fSk; cs;sd. xU gps;is ghLtij> ghly;fis tpUk;Gfpd;wjhf ,Uf; fpd;w Ntis ,J ngUk; gpur;r idahf khwptpLfpd;wJ. mj;NjhL mt;tifahd ghly;fspy; ,Uf; fpd;w fPo;j;jukhd thh;j;ijfisf; $l gps;isfs; mjd; ghuJ}uk; njupahJ Nrh;e;J ghLfpd;wdh;. mj;NjhL mg;ghly;fspy;> epfo;r;rp fspy; Njhd;Wfpd;wth;fs; NghyNt ,th;fSk; Milfis mzpa> nraw;gl tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. ,g;ghypay; tplaq;fs; my;yhj gy;NtW r%f fhuzpfSk; vkJ gps;isfspd; tho;f;ifapy; ngUk; ghjpg;Gr; nrYj;Jfpd;wd.

eil> cil> ghtid

ekJ ngz;fs; jq;fsJ cly; ghfq;fis kiwj;J gpwuJ czh; Tfis J}z;lhj tifapYk;jhd; Milfis mzpe;JtUfpd;whh;fs;. ehk; vkJ gps;isfSf;F mt;th Nw gof;Ffpd;w NghjpYk; ,JTk; xU rthyhf khWfpd;wJ. jkJ ez;gh;fisg; Nghy; ehKk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w czh;TfSk; filj; njUf;fspy; fhl;rpf;F itf; fg;gl;bUf;Fk; nghk;ikfs; mzpe;j MilfSk;> njhiyf; fhl;rp epfo;r;rpfspy; gpugyq;fs; mzpe;JtUk; MilfSk; gps;is fspd; kdq;fspy; ngUk; jhf;fj; ij Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd. mth;fSk; mt;thW mzpa tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. mjw;fikthfNt xU rpy ngw;Nwh Uk; jkJ kj> fyhr;rhu tpOkpaq;

filj; njUf;fspy; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; nghk;ikfs; mzpe;j MilfSk;> njhiyf;fhl;rp epfo;r;rpfspy; gpugyq;fs; mzpe;JtUk; MilfSk;

gps;isfspd; kdq;fspy; ngUk; jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd.


fis kwe;J gps;isfs; jhNd vd;W miuFiwahd my;yJ ,Wf; fkhd Milfis mzptpj;J mth; fis gof;fp tUfpwhh;fs;. ,J fhyg; Nghf;fpy; mth;fis jhk; rhh;e;jpUf;fpd;w fyhr;rhuj;jpypUe;J J}ug;gLj;jptpLk; vd;gij ftdj; jpw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mt;thwhd Milfs; mzptjhy; Vw;gLfpd;w jPa tpisTfs; Fwpj;J gps;isf Sf;F rpWtajpypUe;Nj mwpTWj;j Ntz;Lk;.

mNjNghd;Wjhd; mth;fsJ nkhopg;gpuNahfq;fspYk; ehk; rw;W ftdkhf ,Uf;fNtz;Lk;. gps;is fs; Mq;fpyj;jpy; ruskhf Ngrpg; goFtJ tuNtw;fj;jf;ftplakhf ,Uf;fpd;w NghjpYk;> mjpYs;s jPa tplaq;fs; njhlh;gpYk; kpf mtjhdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,d;W Nkw;F ehLfspy; rpWth;fs; Kjy; tNahjpgh;fs; tiu rh;trhjh uzkhf rhjhuz Ngr;Rf;fspy; $l kpf Nkhrkhd mh;j;jq;fisAila thh;j;ijfis gpuNahfpg;gij ehk; ed;F mwpNthk;. ,e;j thh;j;ijfis mth;fsJ ez;gh;fs; ghlrhiyf-spy; gad;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; mth; fs; ed;F mwpe;jpUg;gh;. gps;isfs; mt;thwhd thh;j;ijfis cgNah fpf;fg; gofhkypUf;f ehk; kpfTk; ftdkhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

,stajpy; Gifg;gpbj;jy;> kJ mUe;Jjy; Nghd;wtw;wpy; Nkw;F ehLfs; Kjyplj;jpy; ,Ug;gjhf

Ma;Tfs; njuptpf;fpd;wJ. ,g;gb ahd ghtid> rpWth;fSf;F tpw;g id nra;jy; Nghd;wtw;wpy; ,e;j ehLfspy; rl;ljpl;lk; cWjpahf ,Uf; fpd;w NghjpYk; ghtid tPo;r;rp fz;Ls;sjhf ve;j jftYkpy;iy. ruhrupahf xU gps;is jdJ 14

tajpy; Kjw; jlitahf Gifg; gpbf;f Muk;gpg;gJld; 16 tajpy; kJTk; mUe;jp tpLfpwJ. ehk; ,jpy; kpf mtjhdkhf ,Uf;fpd;w NghjpYk; vkJ gps;isfspd; ez; gh;fs;> mth;fs; jdpahf nry;Yk; ,lq;fs; njhlh;gpYk; mtjhdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

gpwUldhd njhlh;Gfs;

Vw;fdNt gps;isfs; ,izaj; jsq;fspD}lhf gy;NtW kdpjh;f Sld; njhlh;Gnfhs;tijAk;> Neuq;fis nrytpLtJ gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gpl;bUe;Njd;. mNjNghy; gps;isfs; ghlrhiy kw;Wk;

jdpahh; tFg;Gf;fspy; NrUfpd;w ez;gh;fs;> mayth;fs; Ntw;W fyh rhu ez;gh;fspd; tPLfSf;F nry;yy; Nghd;w tplaq;fspYk; ngw;Nwhh;fs; mtjhdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

gps;isfis fl;Lg;ghlhf tsh;j;J tUfpd;w mNjNtis ngw;Nwhh;fs; mth;fsJ nraw; ghLfs; njhlh;gpy; kpFe;j ftdk; nrYj;JtNjhL mth;fSf;fhf Neuk; xJf;fp> mth;fSld; kdk; tpl;LNgrp mth;fsJ Njifis Gupe;J elg;gth;fshfTk; mth;f Sf;F cupa Kiwapy; ey;yJ nfl; lJfis vLj;Jr; nrhy;yf; $ba th;fshfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mj;NjhL ngw;Nwhh;fspd; tpopg;Gzh;TfSf;fhf elhj;jg;

gLfpd;w fUj;juq;Ffspy; gq;Fgw; WtNjhL ghlrhiyf; fy;tp Kiw ik> Foe;ij tsh;g;G njhlh;ghd mwpf;iffs; fl;LiufisAk; njh lh;e;J thrpj;J gad;ngw Ntz; Lk; vdTk; Ntz;bf;nfhs;fpd; Nwd;.

,f;fl;Liuapy; RUf;fkhff; Fwpg; gplg;gl;bUf;fpd;w tplaq;fs; vjph;fhyq;fspy; kpf tpupthf vOjg;gLk;. ngw;Nwhh;fSf;F ,J njhlh;ghd Nfs;tpfs;> re;Njfq; fs; ,Ug;gpd; vkf;F kpd;dQ;ry; mDg;Gq;fs;.

nghWg;G ,y;iyah? nrhe;j ehl;by; xU kf;fs; gphptpdUf;F chpik> Rje;jpuk; kWf;fg;gLfpd;w NghJ me;j kf;fspd; FuyhfTk; Md;khfTk; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba th;fs; Gyk; ngah;e;j kf;fNs!

,q;F ehk; XusT trjpahfTk; ghJfhg;ghfTk; tho;fpNwhk; vd;fpw kNdhepiyiaapl;L ntspapy; tuNtz;b cs;sJ. ekf;Fs;s ,e;j cj;juthjq;fs; rpyij Fiwe;j gl;rkhtJ ehl;bYs;s ekJ nrhe;j kf;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s ek;khy; Kbe;j gq;fspg;Gf is nra;a Ntz;bAs;sJ! ehk; tho;fpw #oypy; gs;spthry; fl;LtJ> r%f epWtdq;fis cUthf;F tJ> ekJ gps;isfSf;F ey;y fy;tpia nfhLg;gJ> jdpg;gl;l tifapy; nrhj;Jr; Nrh;g;gJ vt;tsT Kf; fpaNkh mNjNghy; jhd; mq;Fs;s ekJ kf;fspd; tzf;f];jyq;fis ghJfhg;gJk;> mq;Fs;s r%f mikg;Gfis ghJfhg;gJk; mk;kf;fspd; cupikfis ghJfhg;gJk;> cj;juthjg;gLj;JtJk; ekJ r% fg;gzpfspy; xd;Nw!

xU rpy tplaq;fs; ,q;F ele;Jjhd; tUfpd;wd. ,e;j tplaq;fisapl;L ekf;Fs; fijahly;fs;

elf;fpd;wd. rpW rpW mikg;Gfis njhlq;FfpNwhk; - ,izaj;jsk;> KfE}y;fs;fspy; vOJfpNwhk; - ,it NghjhJ - ,itfs; mq;Fs;s epiyikapd; jPtpuj;ij Fiwf;f toptFf;fhJ! Xt;nthU ehLfsp Ys;s ,yq;if J}Jtuhyafj;jpw;F nrd;W kDf;nfh Lg;gJ kl;Lk; NghjhJ. rh;tNjr r%fj;jpd; Kd; ,g; gpur;rpidiaf; nfhz;L nry;y Ntz;Lk;> ,JnthU [dehaf> mbg;gil chpikg; gpur;rpid vd;w tif apy; [dehaf jsj;jpYk; kdpj chpikj;jsj;jpYk; mjpf mf;fiwiaAk; nraY}f;fj;ijAk; Ftpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Gyk; ngah;e;Js;s K];ypk; kf;fs; ,ize;J Xt; nthU ehLfspYk; ntF[d mikg;Gfis Njhw;W tpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ntF[d Nghuhl;lq;fis Kd;nd Lf;f Ntz;Lk;. ekf;fhd Clfq;fis> murpay; r%f jsq;fspyhd kf;fs; kag;gLj;jiy nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. Xt;nthU kdpjDk; KbAkhd gq;ifAk; gzpiaAk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ,JNt ,yq;iff;F ntspNa thOk; ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; gzpahFk;. neUf;fbf;Fs; js; sg;gl;Ls;s ,yq;if K];ypk;fSk;> Gyk;ngah; ehLf spy; tho;fpd;w K];ypk;fspd; MjuitAk;> xUikg;ghl; ilAk; ,d;iwa epiyapy; mjpfk; vjph;ghh;f;fpwhh;fs;!

,yq;iff;F ntspapy;... 21k; gf;f njhlh;r;rp...

tuyhW | murpay; | nghUshjhuk;


epoy; Aj;jj;jpd; ep[q;fs;

(K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd epoy; Aj;jk;> ep[ Aj;jj;ij tpl Mgj;jhdJ)

gp.V.fhjh;(vOj;jhsh;> Ma;thsh;)

jw;Nghija ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; epiyik ,uz;L tplaq;fisf; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;LfpwJ.

1. KjyhtJ rk;gtk; Mrhj; rhypapd; ifJk; tpL jiyAk;. ,yq;ifapd; tuyhw;wpy; Kjw;; jlitahf ,dthjj;jpw;nfjpuhf Jzpr;rYld; tha;jpwe;J Ngrpa xU K];yPk; jiyth; ifJ nra;ag;gl;lhh;. ,yq;ifapy; kpfTk;; gyk; nghUe;jpa ,uhZt murpay;thjpahd Nfhj;jgha uh[gf;]> mth; kPJ gfpuq;fkhf Fw;wk; Rkj;jp mtiu tpLtpf;f KbahJ vd jpkph;j;jdkhf mwpf;if tpl;l gpd;dUk; $l mtiu tpLtpf;f Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gl;lJ.

,JTk; ,d;Dk; %d;W tplaq;fisr; Rl;bf; fhl;LfpwJ.

xd;W: ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; kPjhd mlf;FKiw tuyhw;wpy; Kd;ndg;NghJk; ,y;yhj mstpw;F xU GJ tbtj;ij vLj;Js;sJ vd;gij mJ czh;j;J fpwJ. mjhtJ [dehaf murpaypy; <LgLfpd;w xU murpay; jiytiu gfpuq;fkhf ifJnra;Ak; mstpw;F K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ,dthjk; jPtpukile;Js;sJ.

,uz;L: K];ypk; kf;fs; mj;jifa mRu mur gyj;ijAk; nghUl;gLj;jhky; mtiu tpLtpf;ff; Nfhup elj;jpa Nghuhl;lk; mth;fsJ Nghuhl;l Fzj;jpd; jd;ikiaf; fhl;LfpwJ.

%d;W: Mrhj; rhypapd; tpLjiy K];ypk;fSf; fpUf;Fk; rh;tNjr gyj;ijf; fhl;LfpwJ. K];ypk; ehLfspd; mOj;jk;> Ks;sptha;f;fhy; gLnfhiyf;F gpwF Vw;gl;l rh;tNjr fuprid Mfpa fhuzpfshy; ,yq;if murpd; ,Uk;Gf;fuk; Xustpw;F fl;lg;gl; bUf;fpwJ vd;gij ,J czh;j;JfpwJ. mj;Jld; jkpo; jiyth;fs;; ,tuJ tpLjiy njhlh;ghf Fuy; nfhLj;jikAk; jkpo;-K];ypk; cwtpy; xU neUf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpAs;sikiaAk; ,e;epfo;T fhl;bAs;sJ.

2. ,uz;lhtjhf ehd; Fwpg;gpLk; rk;gtk; 'ngrd; gf;" epWtdj;jpd; kPJ elhj;jg;gl;l jhf;FjyhFk;. ,j;jhf;FjYf;F gpwF K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ghupa jhf;Fjy;fs; vJTk; eilngwtpy;iy. jPtpu K];ypk;

Ks;sptha;f;fhy; gLnfhiyf;F

gpwF Vw;gl;Ls;s rh;tNjr

fuprid fhuzkhfTk; K];ypk;

ehLfspd; mOj;jk;

mjpfupf;fj;njhlq;fpajd;

fhuzkhfTk; - Gypfis Kwpabj;j

kkijapy; kaq;fpf; fplf;Fk; rpq;fs

ngsj;j ,dthj murhq;fKk;;>

Nfhj;jghatpd; Mjutpy; ,aq;Fk;

nghJgyNrdhTk; K];ypk;fSf;F

vjpuhd jkJ gfpuq;f Aj;jj;ij

epWj;jpf; nfhz;L jkJ

epoy;Aj;jj;ij NtW tbtpy;

njhlh;e;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs;

vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;. mjhtJ

mth;fsJ Nehf;fk;

iftplg;gltpy;iy mjid

mKy;gLj;Jk; topKiw – mjhtJ

je;jpNuhghak; khw;wg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

mt;tsT jhd;.

mjid tpsf;FtNj ,e;j

fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.


vjph;g;G gpur;rhuKk; rw;W jzpe;jpUf;fpwJ. ,J xU kaf;fj;ij K];ypk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. rpyh; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd gpur;rpid Kbe;Jtpl;lJ vd epidf;fTk; NgrTk; Muk;gpj;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;.

cz;ikapy; Ks;sptha;f;fhy; gLnfhiyf;F gpwF Vw;gl;Ls;s rh;tNjr fuprid fhuzkhfTk; K];ypk; ehLfspd; mOj;jk; mjpfupf;fj; njhlq; fpajd; fhuzkhfTk; - Gypfis Kwpabj;j kk ijapy; kaq;fpf; fplf;Fk; rpq;fs ngsj;j ,dthj murhq;fKk;;> Nfhj;jghatpd; Mjutpy; ,aq;Fk; nghJgyNrdhTk; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd jkJ gfpuq;f Aj;jj;ij epWj;jpf; nfhz;L jkJ epoy; Aj;jj;ij NtW tbtpy; njhlh;e;J nfhz;bUf;fp whh;fs; vd;gNj cz;ikahFk;. mjhtJ mth;fsJ Nehf;fk; iftplg;gltpy;iy mjid mKy;gLj;Jk; topKiw – mjhtJ je;jpNuhghak; khw;wg;gl;bUf; fpwJ. mt;tsT jhd;. mjid tpsf;FtNj ,e;j fl;Liuapd; Nehf;fkhFk;.

fhyhfyhkhf elg;gJ ,Jjhd;. VjhtJ xU gpur;rpid G+jhfukhf ntbf;Fk; NghJ K];ypk; kf;fs; fpsh;e;njOthh;fs;. jPuj;Jld; NghuhLthh;fs;. me;j gpur;rpidia murhq;fk; jzpg;gjw;fhf vij ahtJ nra;Ak;. clNd K];ypk; kf;fs; gpur;rpid jPh;e;Jtpl;lJ vd epidg;ghh;fs;. rpwpJ fhyj;jpy; mjid kwe;JtpLthh;fs;. vkJ K];ypk; jiyth;f Sk; mj;jifa gpur;rpid vg;nghOjhtJ ntbf;Fk; NghJjhd; jkJ thiaj; jpwg;ghh;fs;. K];ypk; kf;fs; NghuhLk; NghJ mth;fNshL epw;gijg; Nghy fhl;b muRld; rkurk; nra;J nfhz;L jkJ gjtpiaf; fhg;ghw;wpf;;nfhs;thh;fs;.

,e;j epiy njhlh;e;jhy; ,dpAk; elf;fg;NghtJ ,Jjhd;. nfhQ;rk; jpUk;gpg;ghh;j;jhy; ,g;gbahd Nghuhl;lq;fs; ele;J gpur;rpid ,dptuhJ vd epidj;j xt;nthU jlitAk; K];ypk;fs; mjw;F Kd;diu tpl mjpfkhd tplaq;fis ,oe;Jjhd;

,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; tPuk; kpf;fth;fs;. nfhk;gdp njUtpy; tPjpia kwpj;J mth;fs; Kd;dh; NghuhbapUf;fpwhh;fs;. Mrhj; rhyp apd; tpLjiyf;fhf ,e;j ,uhl;rj gyk; gilj;j muRf;nfjpuhf ,g;NghJ Nghuhbdhh;fs;. MapDk; ,th;fs; mt;tg;NghJ elj;Jk; Nghuhl;lq;fs; fz;Kd;dhy; ntspg;gilahf rpq;fs ,dthjk; mj;JkPwpg; NghFk;NghJ me;je;j Neuj;jpy; khj;jpuk; elj;jg;gLk; czh;;r;rptrg;gl;l vjph;g;gpd; ntspg;ghlhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;wdNt jtpu> mit jhk; vjph;Nehf;Ffpd;w cz;ikahd murpay; gpur;ridfis Mokhfg; Gupe;Jnfhz;L mtw;iw jLg;gjw;fhd Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis tFg;gjpy; ftdk; nrYj;Jtjpy;iy.

,d;W K];ypk;fs; Mrhj; rhyp tpLjiy nra;ag;gl;Ltpl;lhh; MfNt ehq;fs; ntw;wpngw;W tpl;Nlhk;. 'ngrd; gf;" gpur;rpidNahL nghJgy Nrdhtpd; Ml;lk; Kbe;Jtpl;lJ. ,dp ,g;gbahd rk;gtq;fs; eilngwhJ vd jk;ik jhNk Vkhw;wpf; nfhs;syhk;. ,g;gbj;jhd; 1915Kjy; K];ypk;fSk; mth;fsJ jiyth;fSk; Vkhe;J nfhz;bUf;fpwhh; fs;. mJjhd; tuyhW.

tuyhw;wpy; K];ypk;fspd; tPuk;

1505,y; Nghh;j;JNfah; ,yq;iff;F fhyb vLj;J itj;j NghJ ,yq;ifapd; th;j;jfk; K];ypk;fspd; iffspy; ,Ue;jJ. nfhOk;G rdj;njhifapy; ngUk; ghd;ikahNdhh; K];ypk;fshfNt ,Ue;jdh; (mg;NghJ nfhOk;G vd;w ngau; tof;fpy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy). Nghh;j;JNfaUf;F vjpuhf Kjd; Kjypy; Nghuhbath;fs; K];ypk;fs;jhd;. K];ypk;f spd; ifapy; ,Ue;j thridj; jputpa th;j;jfj;ij Nghh;j;JNfah; mgfupf;f Kaw;rpnra;j NghJ mjw;F vjpuhf MAjk; Ve;jp Nghuhbdhh;fs;. mg;Nghuhl;lk; th;j;jf Aj;jkhf ,Ue;jhYk; $l mJ fhydpj;J tj;jpw;nfjpuhd Nghuhl;lkhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. mjd; gpd; fiuNahug; gpuNjrq;fisf; ifg;gw;wpa Nghh;j; Jf;Nfah; K];ypk;fis nfhOk;gpypUe;J tpul;bab j;jdh;. K];ypk;fs; fz;b ,uh[;[paj;jpw;F ,lk;ng ah;e;jhh;fs;. mth;fSila Nghuhl;l czh;it fz;ba kd;dh;fs;; nfl;bj;jdkhf gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldh;.

Nfhl;ilg; gFjpapypUe;J fz;bf;Fr; nry;yf;$ba midj;J fdtha; thapy;fspYk; K];ypk;fisf; Fb Naw;wpa fz;b murh;fs;> jkJ muirg; ghJfhg;g jw;F fhtyuzhf K];ypk; FbNaw;wq;fis mikj;j dh;. khtdy;y> klts> mf;Fuid. fk;gis> cf;Fnty> FUehfy; Nghd;w gFjpfspy; K];ypk; fpuhkq;fs; ,Ug;gjw;F ,JNt fhuzk;.

fle;j fhyj;jpy; th;j;jfj; Jiwapy; K];ypk;fspd; xg;gw;w jpwd;

gpd;dh; gpupj;jhdpah fhyj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;nfjpuhd jil jsh;j;jg;gl;l gpwF kPz;Lk; mth;fs; kWgbAk; gbg;gbahf nfhOk;Gf;F efuj;njhlq;fpdh;. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy;jhd; ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J te;j gy;NtW K];ypk; r%fj;jtUk; nfhOk;gpy; jkJ tpahghuj;ij epWtp ,yq;ifapd;

1505,y; Nghh;j;JNfah; ,yq;iff;F

fhyb vLj;J itj;j NghJ

,yq;ifapd; th;j;jfk;

K];ypk;fspd; iffspy; ,Ue;jJ.

nfhOk;G rdj;njhifapy; ngUk;

ghd;ikahNdhh; K];ypk;fshfNt

,Ue;jdh; (mg;NghJ nfhOk;G

vd;w ngau; tof;fpy;

,Uf;ftpy;iy). Nghh;j;JNfaUf;F

vjpuhf Kjd; Kjypy;

Nghuhbath;fs; K];ypk;fs;jhd;.


KO tpahghuj;jpidAk; jkJ fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUe;jhh;fs;.

Fkhup n[ath;j;jdhtpd; Ma;tpd;gb 1880fspy; Gwf;Nfhl;il tpahghuk; 86 nrl;b epWtdq;fsp dJk;;> 64 K];ypk; epWtdq;fspdJk; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ. Vw;Wkjp ,wf;Fkjp tpahghuk; 7 Nghuh K];ypk;fspd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ. ,th;fs; jkf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd fg;gy;fisf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. eLj;ju tpahghuKk;> rpy;yiw tpahghuKk; ,e;jpa jkpoh; trKk;> kiyahspfs; trKk; ,e;jpa fiu-Nahu K];ypk;fs; trKk; ,Ue;jJ. nfhOk;gpy; khj;jpuky;y ehl;bd; vy;yh efuq;fspYk; tpahghuk; K];ypk;fspd; trNk ,Ue;jJ. ,ijj; jtpu md;iwa fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,d;wpUg;gijg; Nghy ,j;jid gpukhz;lkhd tpfhiufs; ,yq;ifapd; gy gFjpfspy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; gy gpuNjrq;fspy;

gs;spthry;fs; ,Ue;jd. rfy efuq;fspYk; ,iwr;rpf;filfs;> ijay;filfs; K];ypk;fspd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ.

,jpy; rhjhuz NjePh; filfs; kpfTk; gpurpj;jkhdit. K];ypk;fspd; filfSf;F tUk; rpq;fs kf;fSf;F me;jf;fhyj;jpy; fpshrpy;jhd; NjePh; toq;fg;gl;lJ. K];ypk;fSf;F Nfhg;igapYk;> jkp oh;fSf;F lk;supYk; nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. Nfhg;ig apYk;> lk;supYk; NjePh; nfhLg;gJ mth;fsJ cah;e;j me;j];j;ij Fwpg;gjhf ,Ue;jJ. rpq;fst Uf;F fpshrpy; NjePh; nfhLg;gJ mth;fis r%f me;j];j;jpy; Fiwj;J kjpg;gpLtjhf ,Ue;jJ. md;W rpq;fsth;fs; ,th;fshy; rkkhf kjpf;fg;gltpy;iy.

cz;ikapy; nrhy;yg;Nghdhy; md;W ngUk;ghyhd rpq;fs kf;fs; K];ypk;-jkpo; kf;fis tpl gpd;jq;fpa epiyapNyNa ,Ue;jdh;. aho;;g;ghzj; jkpoh; gy;NtW efuq;fspy; RUl;Lf; filfis Muk;gpj;J elhj;jpa NghJ> rpq;fs kf;fs; ntw;wpiyj; jl;il ghijNah uj;jpy; itj;J tpw;Wf;nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;. fpof;Fkhfhz K];ypk;fs; ,jid tpl NkYk; gpd;jq;fpNa ,Ue;jhh;fs;.

1915 Nk 28 ,df;fytuk;

1915k; Mz;L K];ypk;fSf;nfjpuhd fytuk;jhd; ,yq;if tuyhw;wpy; Vw;gl;l KjyhtJ ,df; fytukhFk;. ,jw;F Kd;dh; 1883 khh;r; 25y; nfhl;lhQ;Nridapy; fpwp];jth;fSf;Fk; ngsj;jh;f Sf;FkpilNa xU rpwpastpyhd kjf; fytuk; Vw;gl;bUe;jhYk;> mjpy; ,Uth; nfhy;yg;gl;lhYk; mJ ehLjOtpa mstpy; guttpy;iy. 1915 ,df;fytuk; ntbg;gjw;F rw;W Kd;du; mehfupf jh;kghyh K];ypk;fis “A+j irnyhf;fs;" vd;Wk;> mg;ghtp rpq;fs kf;fis Vkhw;wpf; nfhs;isabg;g th;fs; vd;Wk; th;zpj;jhh;. rpq;fs kf;fs; Viofsh-fTk; tpahghu mwpT mwNt ,y;yhjth;fshfTk; thOk; NghJ ,e;jpa K];ypk;fs; ,e;j ehl;Lf;F te;J mg;ghtp rpq;fsth;fis Vkhw;wp nry;te;jh;fshf Mfp> Mlk;gukhf tho;tjhf gpur;rhuk; nra;jhh;.

1915 ,df;fytuk; fk;gisg; gs;spthry; gpur;rpidapy; njhlq;fp fz;bapy; fhry; `py; tPjpapYs;s gs;spthrypy; ntbj;jhYk; nfhOk;G> Gj;jsk; Nghd;w gFjpfSf;F Ntfkhf gutpajd; fhuzk; mg;NghJ ,e;jpa K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; mehfupf jh;kghy Nghd; Nwhuhy; cUthf;fg;gl;bUe;j kNdhghtNkahFk;. md;iwa Gs;sptpguq;fspd;gb 4075 tPLfSk;> filfSk; nfhs;isabf;fg;gl;ld.. 350 filfs; Kw;whfNt vupf;fg;gl;ld. 17 gs;spthry;fs; jPf;fp iuahf;fg;gl;ld. 86 gs;spthry;fs; kPJ jhf;Fjy; elhj;jg;gl;lJ. 25 Ngh; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;. 189 Ngh; fhaq;fSf;Fs;shdhh;fs;. 4 ngz;fs; ghypay; ty;YwTf;F cs;shf;fg;gl;lhh;fs;. ghjpf;fg;gl;l gy ngz;fs; tpguq;fis ntspapy; nrhy;ytpy;iy. mJtiu ,j;jifa xU ,df;fytuj;ijAk; Ngu opitAk; ,yq;if fz;ljpy;iy. md;W Vw;gl;l mr;rr; R+oy; kpfg; gaq;fukhdjhf ,Ue;jJ. mjd; gpd;dh; ,j;jifa gPjpahd epiyik 1983 [{iy jkpo; kf;fs; kPjhd ,dfytuj;jpd; NghNj Vw;gl;lJ.

1880fspy; Gwf;Nfhl;il tpahghuk; 86 nrl;b epWtdq;fspdJk;;> 64 K];ypk; epWtdq;fspdJk; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ. Vw;Wkjp ,wf;Fkjp tpahghuk; 7 Nghuh K];ypk;fspd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jJ. ,th;fs; jkf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd fg;gy;fisf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;.

Hamilton Gordon M C Abdul Rahman


KjyhtJ cyf kfh Aj;jk; ntbj;jpUe;j R+oypy;> mg;NghJ mjpfhuj;jpy; ,Ue;j gpupj;jhdpah; K];ypk; ,d xopg;G fytukhf ehL KOtJk; guthkhy; jLj;Jtpl;ljdhy; ,e;j mopTfs; kl;Lg;gLj;jg; gl;lJ. ,y;iyNay; mehfupf jh;kghy> Nrdheh af;f Nghd;w rpq;fsj; jiyth;fspd; J}z;Ljyhy; mJ ghupa mopit nfhz;Lte;jpUf;Fk;. md;Wk; K];ypk;fs; jkf;F Vw;gl;l moptpid kpff; FWfpa fhyj;jpw;Fs; kwe;JNgha;tpl;lhh;fs;. mjw;fhd fhu zj;ij ,q;F Muha Kw;gltpy;iy. nts;isad; ,Uf;fpwhd; njhlh;e;Jk; mtd; ,Ug;ghd; mtd; ghh;j;Jf;nfhs;thd; vd thshjpUe;J tpl;ldh;.

,d;iwa ,dg;gpsTfSf;fhd tpijfs; gpupj;jhdp auhy; Nghlg;gl;lhYk; - ,dq;fis gpupj;J Ms;t jw;F mtd; filgpbj;j je;jpuq;fs; mtdJ mu rpaypy; xU mk;rkhf ,Ue;j NghJk; - mjd; gpd;dh; - gpupj;jhdpah; fhyj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ,df;fytuk; ntbf;ftpy;iy. ,jw;F tpjptpyf;fhf 1939 mf;Nlhgh; khjk; ehtyg;gpl;b efupy; ,lk;ngw;w rpwpa mstpyhd rpq;fs jkpo; fytuk; xd;W ntbj;jJ. mjpy; K];yPk;fs; jkpoh;fNshL ifNfhh;j;jpUe;jdh;.

gpupj;jhdpah; fhyj;J rYifahy; cah;e;jxU rpy K];ypk; jiyth;fs;

K];ypk;fs; gpupj;jhdpah; Ml;rpapy; kpfTk; rYifngw;w ,dj;jpduhf ,Ue;jdh;. Nghh;j;JNfah; fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;j mlf;FKiw mth;fSf;F ,Uf;f tpy;iy. Mdhy; me;j rYif epiyikiag; gad;gLj;jp K];ypk; jiyth;fs; K];yPk;fspd; r%f tho;f;ifia Kd;Ndw;wtpy;iy khwhf nfhOk;gp Yk; njw;fpYk; cs;s xU rpy FLk;gj;jpdh; nry;tk; Nrh;j;J Ftpj;jdh;. ,th;fSf;F epfuhd gzf;fhuh; vtUk; jkpoh; kj;jpapYk; rpq;fsth; kj;jpapYk; rup mf;fhyj;jpy;> mjhtJ ,yq;if Rje;jpuk; ngWk; tiu cUthfpapUf;ftpy;iy.

kWGwj;jpy; jkpo; Nkl;Lf;FbapdUk; ,t;thNw rYifg;ngw;w xU th;f;fkhf tsh;e;jdh;. Mdhy; mth;fs; $l K];ypk; th;j;jfh;fspd; msTf;F th;j;jfj;

JiwapYk; gztrjpapYk; cah;e;j epiy tfpf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; ,e;j K];ypk; jdte;jh;fs; tpQ;QhduPjpapy; rpe;jpj;J K];ypk;fspd; r%f Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhf xU Ntiyj;jpl;lj;ij tFf;f jpuhzpaw;wth;fshf ,Ue;jhh;fs;. mth;fsJ goikthj fz;Nzhl;lk; kpff;FWfpajhf ,Ue;jJ. jkJ nry;tj;ijf; nfhz;L kUj;Jth;fisAk;> nghwpapyhsh;fisAk;> tpQ;QhdpfisAk; njhopy;tha;g;G toq;ff; $ba ,ae;jpu njhopw;rhiyfisAk; mth;fs; cUthf;f tpy;iy. trjpahd khlkhspiffis mikj;J mth;fs; Mlk;gukhf tho;e;jdh;.

,yq;if Rje;jpuk; ngWk; tiuapy; KO nfhOk;gp Yk; ,Ue;j mNefkhf midj;J gpukhz;lkhd jdpahh; fl;blq;fSk; ,uz;L K];ypk; FLk;gj; jpw;F nrhe;jkhf ,Ue;jJ vd;why; ek;GtPh;fsh?

1889y; Ms;gjp Nfhh;ld; [Sir Arthur Hamilton Gordon] K];;yPk;fisf; NfshkNy vk; rp mg;Jy; u`;khd; vd;w ngUk; jdte;jiu rl;l epUgzrigf;F (mg;Nghija ghuhSkd;wk;) K];ypk; gpujpepjpahf epakpj;jhd;. mjd; gpd;dh; ,d;Wk; capNuhbUf;fpd;w vk;.vr; Kfk;kJ tiu Nrh; uhrpf; guPj; cl;gl ,f;FLk;gj;ijr; Nrh;e;j gyh; njhlh;r;rpahd K];yPk; jiyth;fshf ,Ue;J te;Js;sdh;. mg;Jh; u`;khd; vj;jifa gzf;fhuh; vd;gjw;F rpy cjhuzk;. ,d;W I.Nj.fl;rpapd; jiyikf; fhupahyakhf ,Uf;fpd;w = nfhj;jh mth; tho;e;j khspif ,Ue;j ,lkhFk;. mtuJ Ngud; I.Nj.fl;rpf;F mjidf; nfhLj;jhh;. ,yq;ifapy; rghehafh; tho;fpd;w Kk;jh[; k`hy; mtuJ kfSf;F mth; nfhLj;j tPL. nghuy;y fdj;ij kahdk; mtuJ Fjpiufs; Nka;tjw;fhd Gy;ntspj; jply;. mtuJ cwtpduhd mg;Jy; fG+h; vd;gtNu Nfhl;ilapy; ,Uf;fpd;w ngupa fG+h; fl;blj;jpd; nrhe;jf;fhuh;.

tpkhd Nrit tof;fpypy;yhj mf;fhyfl;lj;jpy;> ,yq;iff;F tUk; midj;J fg;gy;fSf;Fs;Ns Ngha; ituf;fw;fis tpw;fpd;w jdp cupik mtUf;F khj;jpuNk toq;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,yq;ifapd; KO itu tpahghuKNk mtuJ fl;Lg;ghl;by;jhd; ,Ue;jJ. Nfhl;ilg; gpuNjrj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; ngU ksT fl;blq;fs; midj;Jk; mth;fsJ FLk;gj; jpw;Nf nrhe;jkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,d;W nfhOk;gpyp Uf;fpd;w n`hypNl ,d; N`hl;ly; (mJ [gPh; V fhjh; FLk;gj;jpw;F nrhe;jkhdJ. mf;FLk;gKk; mg;Jh; u`;khd; FLk;gj;jpd; fpisjhd;) nfhs;Sg; gpl;bapy; mjidr; Rw;wpapUf;fpd;w gpukhz;lkhd

mg;Jh; u`;khd; vj;jifa gzf;fhuh; vd;gjw;F rpy cjhuzk;. ,d;W I.Nj.fl;rpapd; jiyikf; fhupahyakhf ,Uf;fpd;w = nfhj;jh mth; tho;e;j khspif ,Ue;j ,lkhFk;. mtuJ Ngud; I.Nj.fl;rpf;F mjidf; nfhLj;jhh;. ,yq;ifapy; rghehafh; tho;fpd;w Kk;jh[; k`hy; mtuJ kfSf;F mth; nfhLj;j tPL. nghuy;y fdj;ij kahdk; mtuJ Fjpiufs; Nka;tjw;fhd Gy;ntspj; jply;.

md;W ,yq;ifapy; kpfg;ngUk; fl;blf;fiy epGzuhf ck;gpr;rp K`k;kJ vd;gth; ,Ue;jhh;. mtuhy; fl;lg;gl;lJjhd; nfhOk;G Nfhy;Ng]; N`hl;ly;> nfhOk;G kzpf;$l;Lf; NfhGuk;> Gwf;Nfhl;il gioa re;ij> gioa jghw;fe;Njhh; Nghd;w fl;blq;fs;.


fl;blq;fs; midj;Jk; ,th;fSf;Nf nrhe;jkhf ,Ue;jJ.

mNjNghy; md;W ,yq;ifapy; kpfg;ngUk; fl;blf;fiy epGzuhf ck;gpr;rp K`k;kJ vd;gth; ,Ue;jhh;. mtuhy; fl;lg;gl;lJjhd; nfhOk;G Nfhy;Ng]; N`hl;ly;> nfhOk;G kzpf;$l;Lf; NfhGuk;> Gwf;Nfhl;il gioa re;ij> gioa jghw;fe;Njhh; Nghd;w fl;blq;fs;. mofhd gs;sp thry;fis ,th;fs; fl;bdhh;fs;. jkJ gps;isfSk; cwtpdh;fSk; ,];yhkpa Kiwg;gb fy;tp fw;gjw;fhd K];ypk; ghlrhiyfis Muk;gpj;jdh; Mdhy; njhopw;rhiyfis Muk;gpf;ftpy;iy. r%fg; gw;Nwh nkhopg;gw;Nwh ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,th;fs; Mq;fpyj;jpYk;> xusT rpq;fsj;jpYk;> jkpopYk; Ngrpdh;. ,th;fsJ jha;nkhop Mq;fpykh rpq;fskh vd;W $wKbahJ. Mdhy; jkpo; ,th;fSf;F %d;whk; nkhop. mth;fSf;F nfhOk;Gf;F ntspNa thOk; K];ypk;fisg; gw;wpNah K];ypk; r%fj;jpd; gpur;rpid gw;wpNah Gupjy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. 1956 rpq;fsr; rl;lk; te;jNghJ mjw;F Mjuthf Nrh; uhrpf; guPj; thf;fspj;jJ ,jw;F xU ey;y cjhuz-khFk;. ,Jtiu cUthd K];ypk; jiyth;fspy; fpof;F khfhzj;ijr; Nrh;e;j m\;ug; khj;jpue;jhd; - ,yq;if K];ypk;fspy; 92 rjtPjj;jpdupd; jha;nkhop ahd> jkpio jha;nkhopahff; nfhz;lth;. = yq;fh K];ypk; fhq;fpu]; cUthd gpd;dh;jhd; jkpo; nkhopapy; fl;rp $l;lq;fis elj;Jk; jiyth;fs; Njhd;wpdhh;fs;.

nts;isah; ntspNawpa gpd;dh; K];ypk;fspd; epiy..

vg;gbNah ,yq;if gpupj;jhdpah; Ml;rpapd; fPo; ,Ue;jNghJ Nkw;$wpagb xU rpy jdte;jh;fs; cUthf Kbe;jJ. Mdhy; mjd; gpwF rpq;fs Ml;rpahsh;fs; jkJ murpay; mjpfhuj;ijf; nfhz;L K];ypk;fis jpl;lkpl;Nl kl;lk; jl;l Muk;gpj;jdh;. mjd; gpd;dh; ,d;ndhU mg;Jh; u`;khNdh> gspy; V fG+Nuh cUthf Kbatpy;iy. rhjhuz K];ypk; tpahghupfSk; gspy; V fG+uhf – jdte;j khzpf;ff;; fy; tpahghupahf ghh;f;fg;gLk; epiy Njhd;wpaJ. ,yq;if Rje;jpuk; ngw;w gpwF jkpoh;fSf;F vjpuhd epoy; Aj;jk;; jkpoh;fis

murpay;uPjpahf ,uz;lhk; gpui[fshf;FtijAk; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd epoy; Aj;jk; mth;fis nghUshjhuuPjpapy; ,uz;lhe;ju gpui[fhshf;Ft ijAk; Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;bUe;jJ.

jkpo; jiyth;fs; rupNah gpioNah jkJ murpay; cupikf;fhf njhlh;e;Jk; Fuy; nfhLj;Jte;jhh;fs;. Mdhy; njd; gFjp K];ypk; jdte;jh;fSf;F cupik Njitg;gltpy;iy. jkJ FLk;gj;jpw;F rYiffSk; me;j];j;Jk; khj;jpuNk Njitg;gl;lJ. fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; kUjKid> fhj;jhd;Fb Nghd;w gy K];ypk; fpuhkq;fs; nerT njhopYf;F gpurpj;jp ngw;wJ. ,th;fsJ njhopy; gpupj;jhdpah; fhyj;jpy; eypTw;wNghJ mth;fs; mJ gw;wp tha;jpwf;ftpy;iy. Vnddpy; mg;gb xU gpur;rpid ,Ug;gNj mth;f Sf;F njupahJ. gz;lhuehaf;f rPh;jpUj;jj;jhy; kPz;Lk; caph;ngw;w me;j nerT njhopy;> kPz;Lk; N[ Mupd; jpwe;j nghUshjuj;jhy; mbgl;L tpOe;j NghJ mg;NghJk; ,th;fs; tha;jpwf;ftpy;iy.

Nrdehaf;ftpd;; fy;Nyhaj; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; Nkw;;nfhs;sg;gl;l rpq;fs FbNaw;wq;fspdhy; fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;Fk; jkpoh;fSf;Fk; nrhe;jkhd tskhd epyq;fs; gwpNghapd. mg;Ngh Jk; ,j; jiyikfs; nksdk; fhj;jd. ,J ehsil tpy; jkpo; K];ypk;fspilNa Fiwtsj;jpw;fhd Nghl;bia Vw;gLj;jp – Gl;L khTk; Njq;fha;g; G+Tk; Nghy fhyh fhykhf xw;WikAld; tho;e;j jkpo; K];ypk; kf;fspd; cwT rPuoptjw;F fhuzkh fpaJ. mijapl;L ,e;j nfhOk;G jiyikfs; myl;bf;nfhs;stpy;iy.

,yq;if Rje;jpuk; ngWk;NghJ ,e;jpa K];ypk;fs; ngUkstpy; ntspNawpapUe;jdh;. 1930fspy; ,yq;ifapy; Nkyhq;fpapUe;j ,e;jpa vjph;g;Gthjk; mth;fspd; fzprkhNdhiu ,e;jpahTf;F jpUk;gpr; nry;y itj;jJ. mjd; gpd;dh; 1956fspd; gpd;ida Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; ,yq;ifapy; epue;jukhf thotpUk;ghj midj;J ,e;jpa K];ypk;fSk; ,e;jpahtpw;Fr; nrd;Wtpl;lhh;fs;. ,jd; %yk; ,e;jpa K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf rpq;fs ,dthj murpay;thjpfs; njhLj;j th;j;jfg; Nghh; xU KbTf;F te;jJ. Mdhy; mg;NghJk; ,yq;if th;j;jf rhk;uh[;[pak; mth;fs; vjph;ghh;j;jJ Nghy; rpq;fsth;fspd; iffSf;F khwtpy;iy. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; fzprkhd rpq;fs th;j;jfh;fSk; rpq;fs gzf;fhu Nkl;Lf; FbfSk; cUthfpapUe;jdh;. Mdhy; K];ypk; jdte;jh;fSld; mth;fis xg;gplKbahjpUe;jJ. ,d;Dk; nfhOk;G Gwf;Nfhl;ilapy; Glit tpahghuk; mth;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;bNyNa ,Ue;jJ. ,uj;jpdf;fy; $l;Lj;jhgdk; mikf;fg;gLk; tiuf;Fk; ituf;fy; tpahghuKk; mth;fsJ VfNghfkhf ,Ue;jJ.

1970 njhlf;fk; 1977tiuf;Fk; Rje;jpuf;fl;rp fhyj;jpy; gjpAjPd; k`;%j; K];ypk;fs; kj;jpapy; fy;tp njhlh;gpy; tpopg;Gzh;r;rpiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;. mJtiu muR mjpfhuj;jpd; %yk; jkf;Fk; jkJ FLk;gj;jpw;Fk; khj;jpuNk rYiffs; ngw;Wf; nfhz;l K];ypk; jiyikfs; ,Ue;jd. Kjw;jlit ahf mur mjpfhuj;ijf; nfhz;L jkJ r%fj;jpw;F rYifthq;fpf; nfhLj;j jiytuhf gjpAj;jpd;

nfhOk;G kj;jpa njhFjp mg;NghJ

%tq;fj;jth; njhFjpahf ,Ue;jJ. 1970

tiuf;Fk; mjpy; Kjyhk;> ,uz;lhk;

gpujpepjpj;Jtq;fis K];ypk;fNs

ngw;Wte;jhh;fs;. %d;whtJ gpujp

epjpj;Jtj;ij njhopyhsh;fis

gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; gPl;lh; nfdkd;

ngw;Wte;jhh;. ,e;j epiy gpNukjh]h

nfhOk;G kj;jpanjhFjpapy; Nghl;baplj;

njhlq;fpaNghJ khw;wkile;jJ


k`;%j; ,Ue;jhh;. mth; khj;;jiwapy; gpwe;jtuhf ,Ue;jhYk; nkhopg;gw;W mw;wtuhf ,Ue;jhYk;> r%fgw;W cs;stuhf ,Ue;;jhh;. Mdhy; mth; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;j rYifapy; xU rkepiy Ngzg;g ltpy;iy. mJ jkpoh;fSf;F vjpuhdjhf ,Ue;jJ. mth; nfhz;Lte;j jug;gLj;jy; Kiw ,yq;;if ,d cwit Nkhrkilar; nra;tjpy; xU Kf;fpa ghj;jp uj;ij tfpj;jJ. vdpDk; ,yq;if K];ypk; r%fj;jpw; Fs; cUthd ,U gpujhd jiyth;fshf gjPAjPd; k`;%ijAk;> m\;uigAk; kw;wth;fspy; ,Ue;J NtWgLj;jpg; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;;. 1970 njhlf;fk; 1975 tiu epiyik K];ypk;fSf;F xusT rhjfkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,];uNty; J}Jtuhyak; ntspNaw;wg;gl; lJk; ,e;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpy;jhd;.

gpNukjhr fhyj;jpy;

1970fspy; ,Ue;J nfhOk;gpy; K];ypk; jdte; jh;fspd; Mjpf;fk;; gpNukjh]h tUifAld; rupaj; njhlq;fpaJ. nfhOk;G kj;jpa njhFjp mg;NghJ %tq;fj;jth; njhFjpahf ,Ue;jJ. 1970 tiuf;Fk; mjpy; Kjyhk;> ,uz;lhk; gpujpepjpj;Jtq;fis K];ypk;fNs ngw;Wte;jhh;fs;. %d;whtJ gpujp epjpj;Jtj;ij njhopyhsh;fis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj; Jk; gPl;lh; nfdkd; ngw;Wte;jhh;. ,e;j epiy gpNukjh]h nfhOk;G kj;jpanjhFjpapy; Nghl;bap lj; njhlq;fpaNghJ khw;wkile;jJ. 1970,y; KjyhtJ gpujpepjpahf gpNukjh]h ,j;njhFjpapy; njupTnra;ag;gl;lhh;. 1977,y; mth; tPL eph;khz mikr;ruhf gjtpNaw;w gpd;dh; mth; nfhOk;gpy; eph;khzpj;j gpukhz;lkhd tPlikg;Gj; jpl;lq;fs; K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;ifg; gyj;ij tYtpof;fr; nra;jJ. MapDk; mbkl;l K];ypk;fs; gad; ngw;wJ ,th;fhyj;jpy; jhd;. mJtiu Nrupapy; tho;e;j K];ypk;fSf;F khspfhtj;ij tPlikg;G jpl;lj;jpy; fzprkhd ,lk; toq;fg;gl;lJ. eil-ghij tpahghuj;jpy; K];ypk;fNs gpujhd ,lj;ij tfpj;jdh;. mth;fSf;F gpNukjhrtpd; MjuT ,Ue;jJ. xUGwj;jpy; mth; ngupa K];ypk; tpahghupfSf;F vjpuhf epoy; Aj;jj;ij njhlq;fp itj;jhh;. mNj rkak; twpa K];ypk;fspd; ez;gdhfj; jpfo;e;jhh;.

1983,d; gpd;dh; K];ypk;fSf;nfjpuhdepoy; Aj;jj;jpd; Gjpa gupzhkk;.

Mdhy; 1977,y; mjpfhuj;jpw;F te;j I.Nj.fl;rpf; fhyfl;lj;jpy; ntspg;gilahd jhf;Fjy;fs; jkpo; kf;fs; kPJ njhlq;fg;gl;lhYk; K];ypk;fs; kPjhd epoy; Aj;jk; kpff; fr;rpjkhf Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; 1956 – 1976 tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; Rje;jpu fl;rpd; mur Kjyhspj;Jtk; Nkyhjpf;fk; nrYj;jpaJ. $l;Lj;jhgdq;fSk; Njrp akakhf;fy;fSk; jdpahh;Jiwia Klf;fpaJ. ,J th;j;jf Jiwapy; Kd;dzp tfpj;j K];ypk;fisAk; ,e;jpa tk;rhtop jkpo; th;j;jfh;fisANk mjpfk; ghjpj;jJ. tlf;F jkpoh;fspd; Mjpf;fk; ,th;fNshL xg;gpLifapy; nfhOk;G re;ijapy; FiwthfNt ,Ue;jJ.

Mdhy; 1977,y; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l jhuhsthj nghUshjhuk; murpd; jiyaPl;il Fiwj;jNghJ %yjdj;ijAk; mDgtj;ijAk; tpahghuj;jpwidAk;

midj;ijAk; tpl ntspehl;L njhlh;GfisAk; - Fwpg;ghf ,e;jpa tpahghupfSld; Neub njhlh;Gf isf; - nfhz;bUe;j nfhOk;G K];ypk; th;j;jfh;f Sk; ,e;jpa tk;rhtop jkpo; th;j;jfh;fSk; kPz;Lk; re;ijapy; Jsph;j;njoj; njhlq;fpdh;. rpq;fs th;j;jfh;fshy; - jkJ ghuk;gupa thfd tpahghuk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J> kJtpw;gid Mfpa Jiw jtph;e;j – Vida gy tpahghu Jiwfspy; ,th;fNshL Nghl;bNghl Kbatpy;iy. I.Nj.fl;rpapy; ,Ue;j rpwpy; kj;A+ vOjpa rpq;fstupd; fz;Zf;F njupahj vjpupfs; ahh;? vd;fpw mgfPh;j;jp tha;e;j fl;Liu K];ypk;fisNa gpujhd vjpupahf glk;Nghl;Lf; fhl;baJ. mJ ,e;j epiyikia gpujpgypj;jJ. vdNt epoy; Aj;jk; ep[Aj;jkhf khwpaJ. ,JNt 1983 td;nraypd; nghUshjhu fhuzpahfj; jpfo;e;jJ. Mdhy; 1983 td;nray; jkpoh;fSf;nfjpuhd murpaNyhL ,izf;fg;gl;ljhy; me;j mjpUg;jp K];ypk; th;j;jfh;fis mjpfk; ghjpf;ftpy;iy. ,J rpq;fs tzpfh;fisAk; rpWKjyhspj;Jt rf;jpfis Ak; NkYk; cWj;jpaJ.

,e; epiyapy; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf ,dj;J}gkpLk; kw;nwhU thrYk; jpwe;jJ. kj;jpafpof;F Ntiy tha;g;Gf;fhf ,yq;ifah;fs; nry;yj;njhlq;fpa NghJ me;ehLfs; K];ypk; ehLfshf ,Ue;jjhy; ngUkstpyhd K];ypk; Mz;fSk; ngz;fSk; me;ehLfSf;Fr; nry;yf;$bajhf ,Ue;jJ. me;ehL fspy; fLikahf cioj;J Nrkpj;j gzj;ijf; nfhz;L> jkJ tPLfis fl;b mbg;gil trjp tha;g;GfNshL thoj; jiyg;gl;l NghJ mbg; gil trjpfs; jhDkpd;wp tho;e;j rpq;fs twpa kf;fspilNa vjph;g;Gzh;it mJ fpsg;gpaJ. vdNt rpq;fs r%f mbkl;lj;jpYk; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd czh;T mjpfupf;fj; njhlq;fpaJ.

1983y; jkpo; kf;fspd; kPjhd nghUshjhu Aj;jj;jpy;; fz;prkhf ntw;wpngw;w gpwF rpq;fs ngsj;jthj rf;jp jdJ nghUshjhu Aj;jj;ij K];ypk;fs; kPJ njhLf;f tpioe;jJ. Mdhy; GypfSf;F vjpuhd Aj;jk; jPtpukile;J ,e;jpahtpd; jiyaPL mjpfupj;j me;j R+oypy; - kj;jpa fpof;F


K];ypk; ehLfspd; njhopy; tha;g;gpy; ,yq;ifapd; nghUshjuk; ngupJk; jq;fpapUe;j epiyapy; mjid ntspg;gilahfr; nra;a Kbatpy;iy. vdNtjhd; rpq;fs tPutpjhuz cUthdJ. (,d;W mJ rp`y cUka vd murpay; fl;rpahf tsh;e;jpUf;fpwJ) GypfSf;F vjpuhd rpq;fs ,dthj czh;it mWtil nra;J nfhz;L mJ K];yPk;fspd; nghU shjhuj;ij ,yf;F itj;J jdJ ,dthj ,af;fj; ijj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,th;fsJ gpujhd Fwp K];ypk; jkpo; kf;fspd; epykhFk;. ,th;fsJ gpujhd Nfh\k; rpq;fs ngsj;jh;fs; my;yhjth;fSf;F fhzpiaNah tPLfisNah tpahghu jsq;fisNah tpw;fhjPh;fs; vd;gjhFk;.

epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk; nfhz;l Mddg;gl;l N[Mh; [dhjpgjpahf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ mtuJ ez;gdhd esPk; `h[pahh; fpupygidapy; jdJ “iguh” Nfhop tpw;gid epiyak; xd;iw jpwf;f Kad;whh;. Mdhy; tputpjhz ,af;fk; mjid elj;jtpltpy;iy. N[ Mh; mtuJ filf;F tpNrl nghyp]; ghJfhg;G toq;fpAk; $l mf;filia jpwe;j rpyehl;fspy; %l Ntz;bajhapw;W. ,g;gb ahd epiyik ehnlq;Fk; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf cUthdJ. xU Kw;Wngwhj Gs;sptpgug;gb 1985k; Mz;bw;Fk; 2005k; Mz;bw;FkpilNa 470w;Fk; mjp-fkhd rk;gtq;fs; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ. khtdy;y rk;gtk; ,jpy; ghupa rk;gtkhFk;. K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf njhlh;rpahf Mq;fhq;Nf rk;gtq;fs; eilngw;Wf;nfhz;Ljhd; ,Uf;fpwJ. ,tw;iw ekJ K];ypk; jiyikfs; fz;Lnfhs;tjpy;iy. K];ypk; kf;fSk; jkf;nfjpuhf vq;fhtJ xU ghupa rk;gtk; eilngw;why; khj;jpuk; nts;spf;fpoik [_k;M Kbe;jJk; xU Mh;g;ghl;lk; nra;tNjhL rup.

murhq;fj;jpw;Fk; GypfSf;Fkpilapy; ele;j ePz;l fhy Aj;jj;jpd; NghJ> ,yq;iff;F ngUksT me;epa nryhtzpia <l;bj;je;jJ kj;jpafpof;F njhopy; JiwahFk;. MAjj;jpw;F ghfp];jhidAk;> vupnghU Sf;F <uhidAk;> nghUshjhu ed;nfhilfSf;Fk; flDjtpfSf;Fk; rT+jp Nghd;w K];ypk; ehLfsp-NyNa ,yq;if jq;fpapUf;f Ntz;bapUe;jJ. xU Gwj;jpy; ,];uNtYld; ufrpakhf Fyhtpf;nfhz;L> kWGwj;jpy; K];ypk; ehLfis jh[h nra;fpd;w uh[je;jpu epfo;Tfis nra;J nfhz;Lk; ,Ue;j

epiyapy; kpf ntspg;gilahf K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ,dthj murpaiy mth;fshy; Kd;ndLf;f KbahjpUe;jJ.

,g;NghJ GypfSf;nfjpuhd Aj;jk; Xa;e;j gpd;dh; K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd epoy; Aj;jk; Gjpatbtj;ij vLj;jpUf;fpwJ. ,e;j Aj;jk; ,t; murpw;F ,uz;L Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf Njitg;gLfpwJ. xd;W: th;j;jf Jiwapy; rpq;fs ngsj;j mur rf;jpfshy; [dehaf khd Kiwapy; K];ypk; th;j;jfh;fNshL Nghl;b Nghl Kbatpy;iy. vdNt nghUshjhu uPjpapy; KO K];ypk;fisAk; murgyk; nfhz;L tPo;j;j epidf;fpwJ. ,uz;L: Aj;jk; Kbe;J tpl;l R+oypy;

xU Aj;j kNdhghtj;ij jf;fitj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;jhd; ,d;W nghUshjhu rpf;fypy; khl;bf; nfhz;Ls;s ,e;j murhq;fj;jhy; rpq;fs ngsj;j ,dthj rpj;jhe;j kaf;fj;jpy; rpq;fs kf;fisAk; ,uhZtj;ijAk; itj;jpUf;f KbAk;. MfNt K];ypk;fis vjpupahff;; fhl;l Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ. Mdhy; ntspg;gil ahd xU ep[Aj;jj;ij mjdhy; K]; ypk;fs; kPJ njhLf;f KbahJs;sJ. Vndd;why; K];ypk; ehLfs; mjw;Fj; Njit. MfNtjhd;> ep[ Aj;jk; epoy; Aj;jkhf eilngWfpwJ.

1983y; ,Jjhd; ele;jJ. ,d;W mJ NkYk; jPtpukhf eilngWfpwJ. ,d;W kz;idf; ghJfhf;fpd;w Nghuhl;lNk

K];ypk;fspd; Kd;dhYs;s gpujhd Nghuhl;lkh Fk;. fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; khj;jpuky;y> nfhk;gdpj; njUtpy; khj;jpuky;y> ehL KOtJk; eilngW fpd;w ,t; murhq;fj;jpd; epy mgfupg;gpw;F vjpuhf rpq;fs n`y cUka> nghJgyNrd Nghd;w murhq; fj;jpd; ntspg;gilahd ,dthjf; FOf;fspw;F vjpuhf K];ypk;fs; jpdKk; Fuy; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ntF[d Nghuhl;lj;jpd; %yNk ,jidj; jLj;J epWj;j KbAk;. kz;Df;fhd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; tlf;F fpof;fpy; khj;jpuky;y> kiyafj;jpy; thOk; kf;f NshLk; mth;fsJ epyk; gwpf;fg;gLtjw;F vjpuhd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; ifNfhh;j;J jkJ Nghuhl;lj; jpw;fhd Mjuit tYg;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s KbAk;. fz; Zf;F Gyg;gLk; ep[Aj;jj;ij tpl fz;Zf;Fj; njup ahf epoy; Aj;jk; Mgj;jhdJ. K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhf eilngWk; xt;nthU rk;gtj;ijAk; ntspr;rj; jpw;F nfhz;L tUtJ ,e;j epoy; Aj;jj;jpw;nfjpuhf elj;jg;gLk; KjyhtJ mk;gyg;gLj;jyhf mikAk;.

xU Gwj;jpy; ,];uNtYld; ufrpakhf

Fyhtpf;nfhz;L> kWGwj;jpy; K];ypk; ehLfis

jh[h nra;fpd;w uh[je;jpu epfo;Tfis nra;J

nfhz;Lk; ,Ue;j epiyapy; kpf ntspg;gilahf

K];ypk;fSf;F vjpuhd ,dthj murpaiy

mth;fshy; Kd;ndLf;f KbahjpUe;jJ.

Outside Back Cover (Full Colour) : £150

Inside Cover (Front & Back, Full Colour) : £120

Inside Full Page (Black) : £60

Inside Half Page (Black) : £40

Inside Quarter Page (Black) : £25

Please provide advertising of your businessto contribute this community work..

Advertising Types, Positions & Rates

murpay;


Nrdd;

Aj;jk; Kbe;j ifAld;

uh[gf;rit ntw;wp tPudhf – ehl;il kPz;Lk; xz;wpidj;j

Gjpa Jl;lifKDthf nfhz;lh

bd ,dthjr; rf;jpfs;. Aj;jj;jpd;

NghJ epfo;e;j Aj;jf; Fw;w kPwy;fs;

kw;Wk; gLnfhiy gw;wpa tpguq;fs;

Mapuf;fzf;fhd cly;fNshL

Nrh;j;Jg; Gijf;fg;gl;lJ. epfo;e;j

Nfhuq;fs; njw;F kf;fSf;F kiwf;

fg;gl;lJ. Aj;j Kbitj; njh

lh;e;J kf;fSf;Fg; nghUshjhu

eyd; fpl;Lk; vd;Wk;> VNjh xU

tpjjj;jpy; mikjpia epiy ehl;

Lk; murpay; eltbf;if vLf;fg;

gLk; vd;Wk; vjph;ghh;g;Gfs; gug;

gg;gl;lJ.

Mdhy; thf;fspf;fg;gl;l Aj;jj;

jpw;Fg; gpd;dhd 'mikjp yhgk;"

(Peace Dividend) ahUf;Fk; fpl;ltpy;

iy. khwhf mikjpj; jz;lid

Na (Peace Penalty) kf;fSf;F toq;

fg;gl;lJ. xU gf;fk; nghU

shjhu neUf;fb> kWgf;fk; Aj;jf;

Fw;wk; gw;wpa rh;tNjr neUf;fb

vd;W uh[gf;r Ml;rp neUf;fb

fisr; re;jpf;f Nehpl;lJ. jkJ

Ml;rpiaj; njhlh;e;J epWTtjh

dhy; rPd muR Nehf;fpr; rhptJk; -

ehl;il ,uhZt kag;gLj;jp

Ml;rpapy; jkJ gpbiag; gyg;g

Lj;JtJk;jhd; top vd;w Nehf;fpy;

,aq;fpdh; uh[gf;r FLk;gj;jpdh;.

fle;j gl;[l;by; tuyhW fhzhj

msTj; njhif ghJfhg;Gr; nryT

fSf;nfd xJf;fg;gl;lJ. ,uhZ

tj;jpd; nry;thf;F gy;NtW r%f

nghUshjhu eltbf;iffSf;Fs;

Sk; GFj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;j ,uhZt

kakhf;fYld; ,ize;J Ngr;Rhp

ik> vOj;Jupik vd gy;NtW

[dehaf chpikfs; gwpf;fg;gl;

lJ. ,e;j epiy muR vjph;ghuhj

xU gf;ftpisit r%fj;jpy; Vw;g

Lj;jpaijAk; ehk; mtjhdpf;fyhk;.

murpd; ez;gh;fs; - my;yJ

,dthjj;ij Kw;whf vjph;f;fhj

th;fs; - Aj;jj;ij jPtputhjj;Jf;F

vjpuhd Aj;jk; vd;w Nghh;itapy;

Mjhpj;jth;fs; Nghd;w gy;NtW

rf;jpfspd; Mjuit muR ,of;fj;

njhlq;fpaJ. chpikg; gwpg;Gld;

nghJr; Nritfisj; jdpahh;

kag;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; mj;jpaht

rpa Njitg; nghUl;fspd; tpiy

cah;T vdg; gy;NtW eltbf;

iffs; murpd; Mjuit njw;F

kf;fspd; kj;jpapy; Fiwf;fj;

nghJ gy Nrdtpd; cUthf;fk;rpq;fs ,dj;JNtrj;jpd; Gjpa fl;lk;

rpq;fs ,dthjpfis xd;wpizf;Fk; Gjpa Kaw;rpapd; xU tpisNt

ngsj;jh; gyk; mikg;G vd;w nghJ gy Nrdtpd; tsh;r;rp. ,th;fsJ jPtpu

,dthjKk; jk;ik kWg;NghH Nky; ,th;fs; Kd;itf;Fk; td;KiwAk;

midtUk; mwpe;jNj. ,jd; Kf;fpa jiyth;fspd; jPtputhj

nfhs;iffSk; ed;F mwpag;gl;lNj. ,Ug;gpDk; ,j;jPtputhjf; FO ,d;W

Kd;dzpf;F te;Js;sjd; gpd;dzpapy; ,Uf;Fk; rpy fhuzpfisAk; ehk;

mtjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;.


njhlq;fpAs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf vhp

nghUs; tpiy cah;Tk; fy;tpj;

Jiwf;Fg; NghJkhd gzk; xJf;

fhikAk; khzth;fs; njhopyh

sh;fs; kj;jpapy; gyj;j vjph;g;ig

cUthf;fp tUtij ehk; mtjhdpf;

fyhk;. kfpe;j murhl;rpapd; Kb

tpd; njhlf;fj;ij ,e;j vjph;g;

Gfs; Rl;b epw;fpd;wd. Mdhy;

kfpe;j Ml;rp vt;tsT Ntfkhf

rhpAk; vd;gJ vjph;g;G vt;tsT

gykhf fl;lg;gLk; vd;gijg;

nghWj;jpUf;fpwJ. Mdhy; tpohky;

,Ug;gjw;fhd Nkyjpf Kaw;rp

fis Muk;gpj;Js;sdh; kfpe;j

FLk;gj;jpdh;. jhk; epue;jukhf

fhy; Cz;Wtjw;fhd jpl;lq;

fis midj;J tiffspYk;

njhlq;fp cs;sdh;. Ml;rpapy;

jkJ gyj;ij epiyehl;bf;

nfhs;s mth;fSf;F ,d;W

xU kh[p vjphp Njitahf

cs;sJ. Nghyp vjphpiaf;

fhl;bg; gaKWj;jp ,uhZt

kakhf;fiyAk; jkJ fl;Lg;

ghl;ilAk; njhlh;e;J itj;jp

Uf;fyhk; vd;gJ mth;fs;

Nehf;fk;.

vd;iwf;F Ml;rpapy; ,Ue;J

Juj;jg;gLfpwhh;fNsh md;iwf;

Nf mth;fSf;F jz;bg;G vd;

gJ kfpe;j FLk;gj;Jf;F ed;

whfj; njhpe;j tprak;. Ml;rp

apy; jkJ njhlh; ,Ug;igg;

NgZtjw;F jkf;F Mjuthd

jPtputhj rf;jpfisg; gyg;g

Lj;JtJ mtrpakhf ,Uf;fp

wJ. ,e;j Nehf;fj;NjhL nghJ

gyNrd murhy; jpl;lkpl;l

Kiwapy; tsh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. muRf;

Fk; nghJgyNrdTf;Fkhd njh

lh;G ,ufrpaky;y. ngsj;jh;

jiykj;Jt mflkpia – nghJgy Nrdtpd; jiyikf; fhhpahyaj;ij

jpwe;J itj;jNj ghJfhg;Gr;

nrayhsh; Nfhj;jgha uh[gf;rjhd;.

',d;iwa fhyfl;lj;Jf;F ,J mj;jp

ahtrpa Njit" vd mth; jdJ

jpwe;Jitg;G ciuapy; ntspg;

gilahf $wpapUe;jhh;. mJNghy;

",e;j muR rpq;fs ngsj;jh;fshy;

cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J njhlh;e;J

rpq;fs ngsj;jh;fspd; murhf

,Uf;fNtz;Lk;" vd;W fle;j

ngg;uthpapy; kfufktpy; ele;j

nghJf;$l;lj;jpy; nghJgyNrd

jiyth;fs; mwptpj;jpUe;jijAk;

Qhgfg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

,d;W nghJgyNrd gpujpepjpj;Jtg;

gLj;Jk; rpq;fs ,dj;JNtrk; ,J

tiu fhyKk; ehk; ghh;j;j ,dj;

JNtrk; Nghd;w xd;wy;y. ,J

,dj;JNtrj;ij gr;irr; ghrprj;

Jf;F vLj;Jr; nry;Yk; kpff;Nft

ykhd xU Kaw;rp. xU rh;thjpfhu

muR cUthf Nehpl;lhy; mj;jifa

rh;thjpfhu muRf;F kf;fs; kj;jp

apy; Mjuitj; jpul;b mth;fisf;

fl;Lg;gLj;j KaYk; ghrpr fUj;

jpaiy Kd;itf;Fk; Kaw;rp ,J.

mJ kl;Lkpd;wp ,dq;fSf;fpil

apyhd gpsit NkYk; $h;ikg;g

Lj;jp Nkyjpf mopitAk; gLnfh

iyfisAk; Jhz;Lk; mopTf;

fUj;jpaypJ.

Vw;fdNt mur MjuTld; gy

td;Kiwj; jhf;Fjy;fisr; nra;J

s;sJ nghJgyNrd. filfs; jhf;

fg;gl;Ls;sd. Clftpayhsh;fs;>

nghJkf;fs; jhf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;.

nghyprhh; ghh;j;Jf;nfhz;L epw;fj;

jhd; ,e;j td;Kiwfs; njhlh;e;J

nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.

rpq;fsth; my;yhjth; midthpd;

NkYk; mth;jk; clikfs; NkYk;

td;Kiwj; jhf;Fjiyr; nra;tjw;

fhd R+o;epiyia cUthf;fp tUfp

wJ nghJgyNrd. 'rl;lj;ij vq;

fs; ifapy; vLf;f itj;J tplh

jPh;fs;" vd;W kpul;bAs;shh; nghJ

gyNrdtpd; nghJr; nrayhsh;.

kfufk $l;lj;jpy; Muk;gpj;J

itf;fg;gl;l td;Kiwg; gpur;rhuk;

kpf mopTfukhdJ. ",d;wpy;

,Ue;J ePq;fs; xt;nthUtUk;

,];yhkpa jPtputhj;Jf;F vjpuhf

,aq;Fk; mjpfhuG+h;tkw;w fhty;

Jiwapduhf epidj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;

fs;. rdehafthjpfs; vd;W nrhy;

ypf;nfhs;gth;fs; rpq;fs ,dj;ij

mopf;fpwhh;fs;." vd td;Kiwj;

Jhz;Ljy; nra;J tUfpd;wdh;.

,];yhkpah;fSf;F vjpuhd td;K

iwiaj; Jhz;b tpLk; mNj

Ntis vt;thW mth;fs; rdehaf

kWg;Gk; rh;thjpfhu muRf;F MjuT

jpul;Lk; NtiyAk; nra;fpwhh;fs;

vd;gij mtjhdpj;jhy; xl;L

nkhj;j midj;J ,d kf;fSf;Fk;

vjpuhd [dehaf tpNuhj

rf;jpahf ,th;fs; cUtnkLg;

gijf; fhzyhk;.

,J jtpu K];ypk;fspd; filapy;

rpq;fs kf;fs; nghUl;fs; thq;ff;

$lhJ vd;W jil tpjpf;fpwhh;fs;.

`yhy; czTg; nghUl;fis tpw;W

,];yhkpa jPtuthjpfs; tsh;f;fg;g

Lfpwhh;fs; vdg; ngha;g; gpur;rhuk;

nra;fpwhh;fs;. ,yq;ifia `yhy;

czT ,y;yhj ehlhf;fpf; fhl;L

fpNwhk; vd;W jk;gl;lk; mbf;fp

whh;fs;. ,];yhkpah;fs; Nky; ,th;

fs; fl;ltpo;j;JtpLk; td;Kiwf;

Fg; gpd;dhy; ,th;fspd; epyg;g

wpg;G kw;Wk; nghUshjhu Nehf;

fq;fSk; cz;L vd;gij ehk;

mtjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

cynfq;Fk; ,Uf;Fk; mjp tyJ

ngsj;jh; jiykj;Jt

mflkpia – nghJ gy

Nrdtpd; jiyikf;

fhhpahyaj;ij jpwe;J

itj;jNj ghJfhg;Gr;

nrayhsh; Nfhj;jgha

uh[gf;rjhd;. ',d;iwa

fhyfl;lj;Jf;F ,J

mj;jpahtrpa Njit' vd

mth; jdJ jpwe;Jitg;G

ciuapy; ntspg;gilahf

$wpapUe;jhh;.


Nky; ,dthj td;Kiw fl;ltp

o;j;J tplg;gl;lJ. fz;ba cld;

ghl;ilg; gw;wp mbf;fbNgRk;

nghJgyNrd md;wa mdhfhpf

Kiwia ,d;W gpd;gw;WtijAk;

ehk; mtjhdpf;f Ntz;Lk;. jkpo;

NgRk; K];ypk; kf;fspd; Nkyhd

jhf;Fjypd; njhlh;r;rp kiyaf

kf;fs; Nky; jpUk;gpaJk; gpd;G

mJ midj;J kf;fs; NkYk;

jpUg;gg;gl;lJk; tuyhW.

mJNghy; ,d;W K];ypk; kf;fs;

Nky; epfOk; jhf;Fjy; K];ypk;

kf;fSld; kl;Lk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l

jy;y. ,d;W K];ypk; kf;fs; Nky;

tpOk; xt;nthU mbAk;

midj;J kf;fs; NkYk;

tpOk; mb vd;gij ehk;

czu Ntz;Lk;. ngUk;ghd;

ik K];ypk; kf;fs; kpfTk;

twpa epiyapy; xLf;fg;gl;L

tho;e;J tUfpwhh;fs;. mth;fs;

kpfr; rpwpa tplaq;fis ngW

tjw;F $l Coy; kpf;f jiy

th;fis ehb epw;f gzpf;

fg;gl;bUf;fpwhh;fs;. K];ypk;

fspd; chpikf;fhd FuYk;

nraw;ghLk; gyg;glhtpl;

lhy; me;j kf;fs; NkYk;

NkYk; Vkhw;Wj; jiyth;

fis Nehf;fpj; js;sg;gLtJ

jtph;f;f ,ayhjjhfptpLk;.

K];ypk; jiyth;fs; vdr;

nrhy;ypf;nfhz;L cyhtUk;

gyh; K];ypk; kf;fspd; eyd;

fisg; gpujpgypg;gth;fs;

my;y. mth;fs; K];ypk; kf;f

is thf;F tq;fpahfTk; Mj

uTf; FifahfTk; ,Wf;fpg;

gpbj;J jkJ nrhe;j eyd;fisAk;

nghUshjhuj;ijAk; tsh;j;Jf;

nfhs;tjpy; Fwpahf ,aq;fptUfp

whh;fs;. jw;NghJ K];ypk; kf;fs;

Nky; epfOk; jhf;Fjy; ,e;j

jiyth;fs;> kf;fs; Nky; jkJ

gpbia ,Wf;fpf;nfhs;s NtWtop

fspy; cjtyhk;. ,J K];ypk;

kf;fis NkYk; me;epag;gLj;Jk; -

jdpikg;gLj;Jk;. ,ij ehk;

Kwpabf;fNtz;Lk;.

jkpo; jiyikfs; vd;W nrhy;ypf;

nfhs;gth;fs; kw;Wk; jkpo; Gj;jp

[Ptpfs; K];ypk; kf;fs; Nky; nra;j

td;Kiw tuyhWk; kwf;ff;$b

ajy;y. mjd; njhlh;r;rp ahf 1990

fspy; Gypfs; K];ypk; kf;fis

tlf;fpy; ,Ue;J gyte;jkhf

ntspNaw;wpa tuyhW mopahj

Ntjidahf njhlh;fpwJ. tlf;

JNtr tsh;r;rpf;Fkhd njhlh;ig

ehk; ftdj;jpy; vLf;fhky; ,dj;

JNtrj;Jf;F vjpuhd vjph;g;igf;

fl;lKbahJ. nghJgyNrdTf;F

vjph;g;igf; fl;l epidg;gth;fs;

r%f Nkk;ghL rhh; Nfhhpf;iff

isAk; jkJ MAjkhf vLj;jhf

Ntz;Lk;. jdpahh;kakhf;fYf;F

vjph;g;G> Ntiytha;g;G> Cjpa

cah;T> nghJr;Nritfspy; KjyPl;L

mjpfhpg;G> Kjypa Nfhhpf;iffs;

Kd;itf;fg;gl;L JNtrj;ij

tsh;f;Fk; nghUshjhur; r+o;epiy

Neubahf jfh;f;fg;glNtz;Lk;.

Cjpa cah;T kw;Wk; Nkyjpf

eyd;fis ntd;nwLf;Fk; njhopw;

rq;f eltbf;iffSld; nghJgy

NrdTf;F vjpuhd Nghuhl;lk;

,izf;fg; glNtz;Lk;. mNj

Nghy; nghJgyNrdTf;F vjph;g;

ig ciof;Fk; njhopyhsh; kj;jp

apy; fl;b vOg;g Ntz;Lk;>

tWikkpf;f kf;fs; gpuptpdiu

,izj;Jf;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.

muR mLj;jfl;l jhf;Fjiy>

K];ypk; kf;fs; Nky; jpUg;Gk;

vd;gij 2009k; Mz;by; ,Ue;Nj

Rl;bf;fhl;b tUfpwJ jkpo; nrhyp

lhhpw;wp (jkpo; Njhoik ,af;fk;).

mdhfhpf jh;kghy fhyj;jpy; K];

ypk; kf;fs; jhf;fg;gl;ljpy; ,Ue;J

njhlq;FfpwJ etPd rpq;fs ,d

thjk; vd;gij ehk; kwe;Jtplf;

$lhJ. 1915k; Mz;L – fz;ba

cld;ghl;bd; Ehwhk; Mz;L

epidT Mz;by; -K];ypk; kf;fs;

rhhpa JNtrf; FOf;fs; Nghy;

,th;fSk; gy mbg;gilf; Nfhhpf;

iffis jkJ eQ;Rf; fUj;Jfs;

%yk; gug;Gtij ehk; mtjhdpf;f

Ntz;Lk;. xLf;fg;gLk; rpq;fs

kf;fSf;F MjuT vd;w Nghh;it

apy; tprk; gug;Gk; ,th;fs; elt

bf;iffis ehk; mk;gyg;gLj;j

Ntz;Lk;. xLf;fg;gLk; rpq;fsj;

njhopyhsh;fs; - Fwpg;ghf ,];yh

kpa ehLfs; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk;

rTjp mNugpah Nghd;w nfhLq;

Nfhyhl;rp ehLfspy; Jd;gg;gLk;

njhopyhsh;fSf;fhf NgRtJ vd;w

ghtidapy; - xl;Lnkhj;j ,];yh

kpa kf;fs; NkYk; ,th;fs; fl;l

tpo;f;Fk; td;Kiwia ehk; cilj;

Jf; fhl;lNtz;Lk;. ,e;j ehLf

spy; njhopyhsh; gLk; Jd;gj;Jf;F

,yq;ifj; njhopyhsh;fNsh my;yJ

me;j ehLfspy; thOk; ,];yhkpa

njhopyhsh;fNsh fhuzky;y. mj

w;F Kw;Wk; fhuzkhf ,Uf;Fk;

nfhba muRfNshL $bf; Fyhtp

tpahghuk; nra;tjpy; uh[gf;r

FLk;gk; gpd;dpw;ftpy;iy vd;gij

ehk; gfpuq;fg;gLj;jNtz;Lk;.

jdpahh; kag;gLj;jyhy; Vw;gLk;

tpisTfs;> Ntiyapd;ik> tWik

vd;gtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; ,Ue;Nj

er;Rj;jP Jhz;lg;gLfpwJ. muR

ve;j ,dj;ij Kjd;ikg; gLj;j

Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nfhhpf;if nghU

shjhu neUf;fb epiyapy; jPtpukh

fpwJ. mbg;gilj; Njitfs;

epth;j;jp nra;ag;glhikf;Fk; ,dj;

mJNghy; ,d;W K];ypk;

kf;fs; Nky; epfOk;

jhf;Fjy; K];ypk; kf;fs;

kl;Lk; rk;ke;jg;gl;ljy;y.

,d;W K];ypk; kf;fs;

Nky; tpOk; xt;nthU

mbAk; midj;J kf;fs;

NkYk; tpOk; mb

vd;gij ehk; czu

Ntz;Lk;.


Uf;fpwJ. midj;Jr; r%fq;fspy;

,Ue;Jk; jpwd;kpf;f nraw;ghl;lh

sh;fis ,izj;J ehk; vjph;g;

igf; fhl;bahf Ntz;Lk;.

tlf;F – fpof;F – njw;F – kiyafk; vd;W gy ,lq;fspy;

,aq;fptUk; rptpy; r%fj;jpdh;

kw;Wk; Gyk;ngah; mikg;Gf;fs;

midj;Jk; nghJgyNrdTf;F

vjpuhf Fuy; nfhLf;fNtz;Lk; -

nraw;glNtz;Lk;.

gpd;tUk; Nfhhpf;iffis jkpo;

Njhoik ,af;fk; Kd;itj;Jg;

Nghuhb tUfpwJ.

1. K];ypk; kf;fs; Nkyhd

midj;Jj; jhf;Fjy;fSk; cld-

bahf epWj;jg;glNtz;Lk;.

2. mur MjuTld; nghJgyNrd

nra;Ak; td;Kiwf;nfjpuhd ghJ

fhg;G eltbf;iffis vLf;f

kf;fSf;fpUf;Fk; chpikia ehk;

Mjhpf;fpNwhk;. ,e;j ghJfhg;G

eltbf;if mikg;Gf;fs; rdehaf

Kiwg;gb ,aq;FtjhfTk; mid

j;J ,dj;jtiuAk; cs;slf;fpa

xd;whfTk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk; vd;

Wk; NfhUfpNwhk;. ,e;j mikg;

Gf;fs; kw;Wk; njhopw;rq;fq;fs;

jkJ eyd;rhh; nraw;ghl;Lf;fhd

ntsp kw;Wk; mth;jk; midj;J

rdehaf chpikfisAk; ghtpf;f

ty;y ntsp Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;tij

Mjhpf;fpNwhk;.

3. ,uhDtkakhf;fYk; epy mgf

hpg;Gk; cldbahf epWj;jg;gl

Ntz;Lk;. ,uhZt Jizf;FOf;

fspd; td;Kiw eltbf;iffs;

cldbahf epWj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

4. jLg;G Kfhk;fspYk; mfjp

Kfhk;fspYk; ,Uf;Fk; midtUf;

Fk; jFe;j e];l<L toq;fg;gl;L

midtUk; jkJ epyj;Jf;Fk; tPLf

Sf;Fk; jpUk;g mDkjpf; fg;gl

Ntz;Lk;.

5. rhpahd [dehaf Kiwg;gb

mikf;fg;gl;l nraw;ghl;Lf;FO

%yk; tlf;fpy; ,Ue;J Juj;jg;

gl;l midtUf;Fk;> Aj;jj;jhy;

ghjpf;fg;gl;l midtUf;Fk; jFe;j

e];l<L toq;fg;glNtz;Lk;.

6. K];ypk; kf;fs; thog; gzpf;

fg;gl;Ls;s twpa R+o;epiy Vw;Wf;

nfhs;sg;glKbahjJ. rhpahd

KjyPL nra;ag;gl;L mk;kf;fspd;

tho;f;ifj; juk; Kd;NdWtjw;Fk;>

Ntiy tha;g;G mjpfhpg;gjw;Fk;

cldb eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gl

Ntz;Lk;.

7. xUth; ve;j kjj;ijAk;

gpd;gw;Wtjw;Nfh my;yJ gpd;gw;

whky; ,Ug;gjw;Nfh mtUf;F

,Uf;Fk; chpik kjpf;fg;gl;L

midj;Jg; gFjpfspYk; ,Uf;Fk;

vy;yhtif rpWghd;ikapdh; chp

ikfSk; ghJfhf;fg;glNtz;Lk;.

fpy; ,Ue;J Juj;jg;gl;l

FLk;gq;fs; gy ,d;Wk;

mfjp Kfhk;fspYk; twpa

gFjpfspYk; Jd;gj;ij

mDgtpj;JtUfpwhh;fs;.

gy FLk;gq;fspd; nghU

shjhug; gyk; ,dntsp

Naw;wj;jhy; Rf;F E}whf

nehWf;fg;gl;lij ehk;

mwpNthk;.

jw;Nghja jkpo;j; Njrpa

$l;likg;Gj; jiyth;f

Sk; re;jh;g;g fUj;JfSf;F

gyk;nfhLf;Fk; nraw;gh

Lfis Cf;Ftpf;fpwhh;fNs

jtpu cUg;gbahd vjph;g;

igf;fl;l Kd;tutpy;iy.

rpy jiyth;fs; tha;g;Ngr;rstpy;

KdfpdhYk; mth;fsplk; ,Ue;J

jpl;ltl;lkhd vjph;g;Gf; fpsk;g

tpy;iy. mdhfhpf jh;kghy fhyj;

jpy; K];ypk; kf;fs; jhf;fg;gl;l

NghJ ,dthjpfis Xb Xb

fhg;ghw;wpa nghd;dk;gyk; ,uhk

ehjd; ghuk;ghpaj;ijf; fhg;ghw;

Wk; Kiwapw; jhd; $l;likg;G

,aq;fptUfpwJ. jw;Nghja muR

K];ypk; kf;fs; Nky; td;Kiwia

Vtp tpLtjd; gpd;dzpia Ghpe;J

nfhs;s kWf;fpwhh;fs; ,th;fs;.

fpof;fpy; epyj;ijg; gwpg;gJ – jkpo; NgRk; kf;fspd; nrhj;Jf;fs; kw;

Wk; tpahghuq;fis mgfhpg;gJ

,uhDtkag;gLj;jiy ,yFgLj;

JtJ Nghd;w gy;NtW Nehf;fq;fs;

,jd; gpd;dzpapy; ,Ug;gij ehk;

kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; cuj;Jg;Ngrp

ntspg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. K];ypk;

kf;fs; Nkyhd jhf;Fjy; midj;J

xLf;fg;gLk; kf;fspd; Nkyhd

jhf;Fjy; vd;gij ehk; mwpa

Ntz;Lk;.

,j;jifa jhf;Fjy;fspd; tsh;r;rp

vt;thW Nfhug;gLnfhiyapy;

nfhz;L Ngha; epWj;jpaJ vd;g

ij xUNghJk; kwe;Jtplf;$lhJ.

me;j tuyhw;wpy; ,Ue;J fw;Wf;

nfhz;L vkJ jpl;lkply;fis

tFj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; rhjfk; ,d;nw

nkf;Fz;L. me;j mwpjy; gyj;jpy;

,dthj vOr;rpf;nfjpuhf ehk;

xd;WglNtz;Lk;. ,j;jifa ,d

thjk; tsutplg;gl;lhy; ,J

xl;Lnkhj;j kf;fspdJk; midj;J

chpikfisAk; R+iwahbtpLk;.

kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ,Ue;J vof;$ba

vjph;g;ig kOq;fbf;Fk;. ,jdh

Yk;jhd; ehk; nghJgyNrdit

fLikahf vjph;j;jhf Ntz;bap

cynfq;Fk; gue;J thOk; cq;fsplkpUe;J vOj;Jfs;> nkhopngah;g;Gfs;> Ma;Tj; jfty;fs;> fUj;Jfis

vjph;ghh;f;fpNwhk;. ,jo; mr;rpy; ntspahFk; khjj;jpd; %d;whtJ thuj;jpypUe;J vkJ ,izaj;jsj;jpy; ,jio ghh;itaplyhk;.

Email: [email protected] | Web: www.samukanookku.net |

r%f mfk;


,yq;if xU K];ypk; ehL my;y vd;gJ ekf;Fj; njspthdNj. rpW ghd;ikahd r%fkhf ,Uf;Fk; ehk;> gy;ypd r%fj;jtu;fs; thO fpd;w xU ehl;by; Vida r%fq; fSld; ,ize;Jk; rkhe;jukh fTk; nghJ tho;T njhlu;ghd tplaq;fspy; vj;jifa gq;fspg; gpid nra;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk; vd;w tpdhtpid vkf;Fs; vOg;GtJ nghUj;jkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd ek;Gfpd;Nwd;.

gy E}w;whz;L fhy tuyhw;iwf; nfhz;Ls;sjhf ngUikg; gl;Lf; nfhs;Sk; ehk;> ,yq;iff;F Rje;jpuk; fpilj;j fhyg;gFjpapy; tho;e;j K];ypk; jiytu;fs; nra;j gzpfis rkfhyj;jpy; Gfo; ghbf; nfhz;bUg;gjdhy; khj;jpuk; ehk; vkJ rKjha> jhu;kPfg; nghWg;Gf; fis ruptur; nra;jtu;fshfptpl KbahJ. ,yq;if Rje;jpukile;j MW jrhg;jq;fspy; ,yq;if> mj dJ ,dj;Jt murpaypy; gy;NtW gupkhzq;fis fz;L te;jpUf;fpwJ. ,e;j ,dj;Jt murpaypd; rpf;fyhd Nghf;FfSf;Fs; vkJ K];ypk;

mg;Jy; th[pj;

r%fj;jpd; gq;fspg;G vg;gbapUe; jJ vd;gJ gw;wpa Nfs;tp ehk; xt;nthUtupdJk; kdr; rhl;rpA ld; Nfl;f Ntz;ba Kjw; Nfs;tp ahf cs;sJ.

,dj;Jt murpaypd; fhuzkhf> jkpo;> rpq;fsk; Mfpa ,U r%fq;f Sk; ePz;lfhykha; Nkhjpf;nfhz; lJ> ,U jug;ghYk; ehk; mlf;fg; gl;Nlhk;. ,jd; tpisTfis ehk; mDgtpj;Njhk;> mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. ,e;j tplaj; jpy; ekJ epiyg;ghL vJthf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ? kw;wtu;fSf;F vd;d ele;jhYk; ekf;nfd;d vd;w Nfhjhtpy;> vkJ eyd;fSf;F vj;j ifa ghjpg;Gf;fSk; te;J tplf; $lhJ vd;gjpy; khj;jpuNk Fwpahf ,Ue;J te;Njhk;

,d;W ehl;by; gy gpuNjrq;f spYk; K];ypk;fs; Vida r%fq;f Sld; ,uz;lwf; fye;J mtu;f is jkJ maytu;fyhff; nfhz;L tho;fpd;wdu;. ,e;epiyapy; vk;ktu; fs; jkJ may; fhuu;fSf;F nra;a Ntz;ba flikfis ehk; ve;js

Tf;F nra;fpd;Nwhk;? "mz;il tPl;lhd; grpj;jpUf;f jhd; kl;Lk; Grpj;jpUg;gtd; cz;ikahd K]; ypkhf khl;lhd;" vd;w egpatu;f spd; `jPi] ve;jsT cz;ikg;g Lj;Jfpd;Nwhk;? gy;ypd r%fq;fs; thOk; gpuNjrq;fspy; nghUsh-jhu uPjpapy; ey;y epiyapy; thOfpd;w K];ypk;fSs; rpyu; >jkJ tho;f;if Kiwia mz;il tPl;L r%fj;jtu;fspy; ,Ue;J gpupj;Jf; fhl;Lk; tpjj;jpy; mikj;Jf; nfhz;L tho;tij ehk; fhz;fpd;Nwhk;.

ekJ tho;f;ifapy; r%fj;jpd; gpujpepjpfs;> K];ypk; r%fj;jpd; jdp egu;fs; nra;j> nra;J tUfpd;w jtWfs; vt;thW KO r%fj;ijAk; mLj;j r%fj;jtu;f Sf;F vjpupahf;fp tpLfpd;wJ vd;gJ gw;wp gy;NtW tplaq;fspy; Ra tprhuiz nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;baJ ,d;W ekJ Kjw; flikahfp cs;sJ.

mLj;J xU r%fk; vd;w tifapy;> ekJ murpay; jiytu;fs; r%fj; jiytu;fs; epWtd uPjpahf nghJ gpur;rpidfspy; ve;jsT gq;fspg;G nra;J tUfpd;Nwhk; vd;w tpdh tpid vk;ik Nehf;fp Nfl;Nghkh apd;> mjw;fhd tpil vJTNk ,y; iy vd;Wjhd; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;.

,yq;if ehl;L kf;fs;> ehL Rje;jpukile;j fhyk; Kjy; ,d;W tiu gy;NtW mlf;FKiwfSf; Fk;> mePjpfSf;Fk;> nghUshjhu r%fg; ghjpg;GfSf;Fk; Kfq; nfhLj;J tUfpw Nghnjy;yhk;

Ra tprhuiznra;a Ntz;bajd; mtrpak;!

K];ypk;fs; Kd;khjpupahd xU r%fkhf> ePjpahd

r%fkhf> Neu;ikahd r%fkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;

vd;W nrhy;ypf; nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;. Mdhy;> eilKiw

tho;tpy; ehk; ve;jsT ,j;jifa gz;Gfisf;

nfhz;bUf;fpd;Nwhk; vd;gij Ra tprhuiz

nra;tNj ,e;jg; gjptpd; Nehf;fkhFk;.


mtu;fs; jkJ ,dk;>nkhop NtW ghLfSf;fg;ghy; jkJ vjpu;g;G Nghuhl;lq;fis elhj;jpapUf;fpd; whu;fs;. ,it Ntiy epWj;jq;fs;> vjpu;g;G fz;ld Mu;g;ghl;lq;fs;> nghJ Kd;dzpfs; vd gy topf spy; mike;jpUe;jd. ,r;re;ju;g;gq; fspnyy;yhk; mtu;fs; gy;NtW rpukq;fis re;jpj;jpUf;fpd;whu;fs;. Mdhy; ,it vjpNyDk; vkJ r%fj;jpd; jhu;kPf uPjpahd gq;f spg;Gf;fs; ,Uf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ frg;ghd cz;ikahFk;.

Fwpg;ghf ehl;L kf;fs; midt iuAk; ,dkj Ngjkpd;wpAk;> Neu bahfTk;> NkhrkhfTk; ghjpf;fpd;w [dehaf kWg;G> kf;fSf;F vjp uhd mlf;FKiwfs;> tpiythrp cau;T> Coy;> Nghd;w vy;Nyh Uf;Fk; nghJthd gpur;rpidfspy; jhDk; vkJ r%fk; Fiwe;j gl;r mf;fiwjhDk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s tpy;iy. ,tw;Wf; nfjpuhf mLj;j r%fq;fs; nghJ muq;Ffspy; ,wq;fp Nghuhbf; nfhz;bUf;f ehk; ntWk; ghu;itahsu;fshfNt ,Ue;J tUfpNwhk;.

vkJ rkfhy murpay; jiyikf spdJk;> murpay;thjpfspdJk; Ra eyg; Nghf;Fk; K];ypk; r%fj;ij xU Raeyf; Fk;gyhfTk;> re;ju;g;g thjpfshfTk; rpj;jupj;Jf; fhl;b tUfpwJ. K];ypk; murpay; fl;rpj; jiytu;fs; vd;Nghu;> Nguk;Ngry; vd;w ngaupy; murhq;fj;Jf;F nfh Lj;j jkJ Ra tpUg;G rhu;e;j mOj; jq;fs;> Ml;rp ftpo;g;Gfs;> fl;rp jhty;fs;> mikr;Rg; gjtpfs;> vk;.gp gjtpfs; vd;gd K];ypk; fis Ra eyj;jpdJk;> re;ju;g;gth jj;jpdJk; xl;Lnkhj;j tbtkhf rpq;fs> jkpo; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; rpj;jupj;J te;jpUf;fpwJ. ,jd; xU gf;f tpisNt K];ypk;fSf;F vjp uhf N[.tp.gP> n`y cWka> nghJgyNrdh Nghd;w ,dthj mikg;Gf;fs; rpq;fs kf;fsplk; nry;thf;Fg; ngw fhuzkhFk;.

,d;W rpq;fs kf;fs;> K];ypk; kf;fspilNa gpur;rpid cUthf;f g;gl;L tUtjhy;> rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; K];ypk;fs; njhlu;ghf ,Uf;fpd;w ghu;itAk;> K];ypk; r%fj;Jf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; mikg;G rhu; epWtdq;fspd; nraw;ghL fSk; K];ypk;fs; gw;wpa jtwhd Gupjy;fisAk;>re;Njfj;jpidAk; cUthf;Ftjw;F ngUkstpy; Jiz Gupe;Js;sd. rka uPjpahd ,af;fg;

gpsTfs;> mjidnahl;ba FOr; rz;ilfs;> gs;spthay; vupg;Gf;fs;> nfhiyfs; njhlu;ghd nra;jpfs; rpq;fs nkhop NgRk; kf;fspd; Clfq;fspy; ,lk;gpbj;Jf;nfhz;l NghJ re;ju;g;gk; ghu;j;Jf;nfhz; bUe;j ,dthjpfSf;Fk; rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; K];ypk;fs; njhlu; ghd re;Njfj;jpidAk;> mr;rj;jp idAk; tsu;j;J tpLtjw;F tha;g; ghf mike;J tpl;ld.

mNj Neuk; rpy K];ypk; murpay; thjpfs; mgptpUj;jp vd;gjd; nga upy; mur epjpfis tPz; tpuak; nra;J mjd; %yk; ghku kf;fspd; rka tpOkpaq;fs; rhu;e;j mtu;f sJ czu;Tfs; kPJ rthup nra;J jkJ murpay; Mjhaq;fis ,yf; fhff; nfhz;L nraw;gLfpd;wdu;. mjw;fhf muG vOj;jdpfis NfhGuq;fshf fl;Ljy;> Fu;Md;

mikg;GlDk;> Fu;Md; trdq;f isf; nfhz;lJkhd rJf;fq;fisf; fl;Ljy;> <r;r kuq;fis el;L tPjp fis myq;fupj;jy; Nghd;w ifq;f upaq;fisr; nra;J mjid tpoh thfTk; nfhz;lhLfpd;wdu;. ,it mj;jidf;Fk; kj;jpapy; Fwpj;j K]; ypk; gpuNjrq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; kpf Nkhrkhd Rfhjhu rPu;NfLfs; gw; wpNah> mg;gpuNjrq;fspy; thOk; tWikf; Nfhl;Lf;F fPo; thOk; twpa kf;fspd; tho;thjhuq;fs; gw;wpNah ,e;j murpay;thjpfs; mf;fiwg;gLtjpy;iy.

,j;jifa FWk;Nghf;Fthj nraw; ghLfNs nghJthd fz;Nzhl; lj;jpy; xl;L nkhj;j K];ypk;fsp dJk; kNdhghtkhf Vida r% fq;fshy; ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ. mjd; mWtilahfNt ,d;W ehl;by; Ngupdthjpfspd; tprkg; gpurhuq; fs; rhjhuz rpq;fs nghJ kf;fsp lk; ,yFthd tuNtw;ig ngw;W tUfpwJ

,t;thW mgptpUj;jpapd; ngauhy; K];ypk; murpay; thjpfshy; nra; ag;gLk; J\;gpuNahfq;fs; gpw r%fq;fSf;F kj;jpapy; K];ypk;fs; njhlu;ghf vj;jifa xU fUj;jp aiy cUthf;f cjTk; vd;gij ehk; ,q;F ftdj;jpw; nfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;.

vdNt> ehk; Fiwe;j gl;rk; vkJ rka ek;gpf;iffspd; mbg;gil apy;jhDk; 'mofpa> Kd;khjpupahd xU r%fk;" Mf tho;fpd;Nwhkh? vd;gij ehk; Ra tprhuiz nra;a Ntz;bajd; mtrpaj;jpid mz;ikf;fhy epfo;Tfs; vkf;F czu;j;Jfpd;wd.

rpy K];ypk; murpay;

thjpfs; mgptpUj;jp

vd;gjd; ngaupy; mur

epjpfis tPz;tpuak;

nra;J mjd; %yk; ghku

kf;fspd; rka

tpOkpaq;fs; rhu;e;j

mtu;fsJ czu;Tfs; kPJ

rthup nra;J jkJ

murpay; Mjhaq;fis

,yf;fhff; nfhz;L

nraw;gLfpd;wdu;.


It is with Almighty Allah's blessings and mercy that Sri Lankan Muslim Cultural Centre-UK (SLMCC) - Masji-dun Noor has been serving our community diligently for a decade. SLMCC initiated its first step in July 2000 with an unadulterated purpose to serve and build a pleasant society. During its 10 years journey, SLMCC has achieved its objec-tives through diverse services and tailor made programmes to suit the needs of the wider community. We are very delighted to state that these critical success factors of SLMCC have strengthened the bonds and relationship with diverse commu-nities hailing from different background, values and cultures.

The Masjidun Noor is the first Masjid of the Sri Lankan Muslims in the UK completing a decade of service. We are publishing this souvenir as a testimony of a decade dedicated services to the community by SLMCC - Masjidun Noor. This Magazine includes articles which absolutely rhythm our hearts and induce our spiritual and in diverse fields. We have flavoured the magazine with current affairs, culture, ideas and spirituality with a potent and engaging mix of humour, faith and unconventional wisdom.

Undoubtedly reader would gain knowledge of the history of SLMCC - Masjidun Noor and find thought provoking materi-als in the areas of Islamic Finance, Sex Relationship Educa-tion in state schools, Essentiality of Dhawa, the importance of education to women in Islam and many more...Youth and the children are brick stone of our community and their contribu-tions are indispensable for our society's outstanding achieve-ments. Their articles and poems in this memento are placatory and enlightening

Our Services This Masjid plays a pivotal role in our community. The services rendered by this have a many activities that acts as a spring board for a vibrant community. This premise accommo-dates the Qur'an and Islamic studies programme under 'Al-Falah Educational Centre' The social and cultural services run by 'Sri Lankan Muslim Cultural Centre (UK) and all other functions are operated from this building. It is remarkable now that Brothers and Sisters from diverse different communities consisting of about 20 nationalities.

- Amanulla Kamaldeen -

The Magazine published by Sri Lankan Muslim Cultural Centre UK

An NoorExpect very soon...

Further to acquire and develop Islamic knowledge and practise accordingly, we have arranged Jummah sermons, Islamic lectures, classes, discussions and workshops at our Centre in Tamil and English languages by prominent scholars.

We also do collect Zakath, Sadaqa, Fithra and Ulhiyya and distribute them among the needy, the refugee camps, orphan-ages, Masjids and Madrasas in Sri Lanka. Further, we raise funds in our Masjid for those who were affected worldwide by natural or manmade disasters such as floods, earthquakes and for war victims, especially Palestinian refugees and distribute these funds through the related charity organisations.

An Islamic book shop has been established in our premises to enable us to fulfil the needs of our community. During summer, we organise Family Fun Day and BBQ day in order to engage the community for their social needs as well as raise funds for the Madrasa. Also order to raise funds for the Madrasa. Also, we organise free health camps for the benefit of our brothers and sisters.

Convocations of Huffaz , numerous conferences, discus-sions, welfare association meetings, Da'wah work, Tajweed, Tafseer & Fiqh classes for elders, sisters' circles, Nikah & Waleema ceremonies are some of the events held in our Centre. Special Iftar arrangements are done during Ramadan and the whole Quran is recited in 27 days in Tharaweeh prayers. Many brothers perform I'thikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan and arrangements are made for their stay in the Masjid as well as for Sahar meals. On the 27th night of Ramadan, special programmes such as Prayers, Bayan, Thouba and Dua are held from Isha till Sahr. On the day of Eid, five Eid Khuthba sermons, in five different languages and five Eid prayers are held. During Hajj season, guidance and practical demonstration are given to the Hujjaj

Apart from religious and other community activities, our centre dedicated to maintain a healthy society. We also organ-ise Football and Cricket tournaments, swimming, sports events & community tours to enhance healthy living and to bridge the gaps between the communities in order to develop discipline among the youngsters and to enjoy the holidays. It was a great achievement that the SLMCC Cricket team was adjudged as the champions in a cricket tournament, organised recently by Harrow police among other communities. The Da'wah work which spreads Islam all over the world is held in our Masjid

Community Organisation


Our Extended Services Our centre is offering the following extended services in addition to its normal services to promote education, career, peace and harmony in a broader perspective. Special programmes for youths and ladies

Attracting Muslims of all walks of life from more than 20 nationali-ties.SLMCC has closely working in partnership with Muslim Public Affairs Committee (MPACUK) and recognized as contemporary forward thinking MasjidSLMCC has maintaining very good relationships with the present and former MP’s of Harrow East and Harrow West Honourable MPs 1. Gareth Thomas. 2. Bob Blackman & 3. Former MP Tony McNulty.SLMCC has maintaining a good relationship with Mayor, Council-lors and other officials of Harrow Council. Working with them as partners in many events and programmes.Association of Muslim Governors AMG – combined activities conducted at SLMCC with parents regard to SRE Sex relation Education in State School.Career advancement and educational guidance for students. Conducted workshops for (Local/ Overseas) students at SLMCC.Health Check up for all – Medical Camp for the community every yearConducted programmes such as Muslim engagement in the UK politics, effective lobbying & why we should vote in this country. Annual Football tournament – age group under 15, 17, 19 and over 19.Annual Sports day – family event – Track, field events from 5yrs to over 40rs and girls & ladies separate evens.Inter- faith dialog, meeting and conferences. A major multi-faith programme of “Westminster Inter-faith” took place on 6th June 2009 at SLMCC. Police community meetings conducted by Harrow Police at our centre, aiming to reduce crime in the locality.UK’s many top Islamic scholars have delivered talks and conducted programmes including Br Abdur Raheem Green, Dr. Haitham Al Haddath, Dr. Azam Thamimi, Dr. Dawood Abdullah, Mr. Anas Tikretti, Mr. Yusuf Chambers and many moreNorthwest London Professional Muslim Ladies programmes on every week at SLMCC.Close ties and links with MCB, one of their CWC meetings took place at SLMCC in 2009; SLMCC’s President is acting as the MCB’s Zone-E2 representative, covering North London, Beds & Cambridge. He was elected on 20th June 2010 at the MCB’s AGM. Supplementary Classes for kids Family day & Barbeques – social event annually Fundraising dinner for Gaza, Sri Lanka flood relief & victims of Libyan warHuge amount of relief work for Tsunami victims of Sri Lanka in 2004/2005. SLMCC acted as the Central relief work location among all UK based Sri Lankan organisations. Liaison with prominent organisations and hold activities to deliver the common good for humanity.

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

***

*

*

Neh;fhzy;


jw;NghJ NknyOe;Js;s ,dthj> kjthj gpur;rpidfs; gw;wp vd;d epidf;fpwPu;fs;?

,J kpfTk; Nkhrkhd epiyahFk;. ,e;j epiy muRf;F cfe;jjy;y. ,yq;ifia vLj;JNehf;fpdhy; ,yq;if gy;ypd kf;fs; thOk; ehL. vdNt> xU ,dk; kw;iwa ,dj;ij> kjj;ij ,ope;Jiug;g jw;Fk;> fsq;fk; tpistpg;gjw;Fk; cupik fpilahJ. ,q;F eilngw;Wf; nfhz;bUg;gJ mwpahik-NaahFk;.

VNjDk; xU r%fj;jpy; gpujhd ,dk; vdf; fUjg;gLk; ,dj;jpw;F $Ljyhd rYiffs; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lkh?

ve;jnthU r%fj;jpw;Fk; mt;thW elf;ff; $lhJ. kdpju;fs; vy;NyhUk; rkkhdtu;fs;. me;j rkcupik vy;NyhUf;Fk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. gpur;rpidfs;> gpsTfs; Vw;gl;lhy; mJgw;wp jPu MNyhrid nra;J KbT fhzyhk;.

ePq;fs; mg;gbr; nrhy;fpwPu;fs;. vd;whYk; re;jpf;Fr; re;jp $l;lq;fisf; $l;b ,dj;ijg; gw;wp> kjj;ijg;gw;wp ngupjhfg; NgRfpwhu;fNs?

ePq;fs; nghJgy Nrdhitg; gw;wpf; Nfl;gjhf epidf;fpNwd;.

rup> mJgw;wpAk; NgRNthNk?

nghJgy Nrdh vd;gJ ,e;jr; rKjhaj;jpw;F Ntz;lj;jfhjJk;> Gjpa ,izg;GkhFk;. mtu;fs;

‘[duy’ rpq;fsr; nra;jpg; gj;jpupifapy; (Nk 2013) ntspahd njd;khfhz rigcWg;gpdh; rkpj;j Njuupd; Neu;fhzypy; xU gFjp. (rpq;fsj;jpy;: M\pfh gpuhkd)

my;ifjh ,af;fk; Nghy nraw;gLfpwhu;fs;. ,J ngsj;j rk;gpujhak; my;y. mjdhy; rk;gpujhaj; jpw;F mg;ghw;gl;l gpur;rpidfis Vw;gLj;jpr; nry;fpd;w ,tu;fis tpul;babf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJjhd; nghJgy Nrdh gw;wpa vdJ fUj;J.

vd;whYk; mtu;fis r%fk; vjpu;f;ftpy;iyNa. mtu;fis Vw;Wf;nfhs;shj jd;ik ,y;iyNa?

vdf;Fr; nrhy;yKbAkhdJ vd;dntd;why;> ,e;ehl;bYs;s rpe;jidahsu;fs;> Gj;jprhJupakhd tu;fs; ,e;j ,af;fj;ij epuhfupj;Js;shu;fs;. ky;tj;j kfhehaf;f Njuu;fs;> fsdp tpfhiuapd; tpfhuhjpgjp> ,j;jghd tpfhuhjpgjp NghyNt> ehl;bYs;s gpugy ngsj;j tpfhuhjpgjpfs; ,jid epuhfupj;Js;shu;fs;. ngsj;j rkaj;ijr; Nru;e;j cz;ik ngsj;ju;fs; ,e;j ,af;fj;jpy; ,ize;J nfhs;s khl;lhu;fs;. ,dthjpfs;jhd; ,jidr; nra;fpwhu;fs;. me;j ,dthj rf;jp ePbj;J epw;fhJ. nfhQ;rk; ehl;fSld; fhzhkw; Ngha;tpLk;.

mJ vt;thwhapDk;> ngsj;j rkaj;jpw;F mr;RWj;jy; cs;sJ> mbg;gilthjk; nraw;gLfpwJ vdf; $Wfpwhu;fs;. mt;thW mr;RWj;jy; my;yJ mbg;gil thjk; ,Uf;fpd;wjh?

tuyhw;wpy; ,t;thwhd fij fisg; gbj;jpUf;fpNwhk;. Kj ypy; jkpou;fspd; mbg;gil thjk; gw;wpg;Ngrpdhu;fs;. mjw; Fg;gpwF n`y cWka Nghd;w ,af;fq;fs; fpwp];jt rkaj ;jtu ; fis mbg;gilthjpfs; vd;wJ. Nrhk Njuiu nfhiy nra;jhh;fs; vd;W

'cj;jkh;fshf Ntz;baJ kdpjh;fNs md;wp ,dNkh> kjNkh my;y"

1980 njhlf;fk; ,dthjj;jpw;F vjpuhf njd;dpyq;ifapy; ,Ue;J vOk; cWjpahd Fuy;. rkrkh[f; fl;rpia gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jgth;. ,tuJ fl;rp murhq;fj;jpy; mq;fk; tfpj;jhYk;> murhq;fj;jpw;F vjpuhf Jzpe;J NgrptUgth;. "ehq;fs; murhq;fj;jpy; mq;fk; tfpf;fpNwhk;> MfNt murhq;fj;jpw;F vjpuhf vk;khy; ntspg;gilahf NgrKbahJ" vd nrhy;yptUfpd;w Jzpr;ryw;w K];ypk; murpay; jiyikfspd; Kfj;ij xUtifapy; mk;gyg;gLj;Jk; Neh;fhzy; ,J.

,uz;L tplaq;fs; cs;sd. xd;W: kpfj;njspthf ghJfhg;Gr; nrayhsu; ,jw;F gf;fgykhf ,Uf;fpd;whu; vd;gJ. mjid ehd; rhl;rpfSld; fz;Nld;. ,dp> ,e;j ,dthjf; FO me;j epoYf;Fs; mfg;gl;Lf;nfhz;L Fw;wq;fs; ,iof;fpwhu;fs; vd;gJ njspthfj; njupfpwJ. ,uz;L: ,e;ehl;L kf;fs; gy;NtW gpur;rpidfSf;Fs; mfg;gl;Lf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fs;.

( )


vz;zg;ghL. nghJthf mu nrhd;wpd; ,ay;Gk; mJjhd;. mJ kpf Nkhrkhd topfhl; ly;. kpfj; njspthf tpsq;F tJ vd;dntd;why; ehq;fs; ,g;NghJ muh[fj;Jf;Fs; mwpahkNyNa cs;Eioe;Js; Nshk;.

NkYk; ,];yhkpa rkaj;jpw;F vjpuhd> ,];yhkpaUf;F vjpuhd tpNuhjk; jw;NghJ ngsj;j tpfhiufisAk; Nehf;fpr; nrd;Ws;sNj?

,g;NghjpUf;fpd;w mrpq;fkhd rKjhaj;Jf;Fs; ,Uf;fpd;w Neha;jhd; ,J. gaq;fu Nehapd; mwpFwp. ,Wjpapy; ,J kpfg;ngupa tpisTfSf;Ff; rthyhf mikAk;. ngsj;j rkak; rkhjhdkhd rkakhfNt nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ. jw;NghJ epfo;fpd;w tplaq;fshy; ngsj;j rkaj;jpw;F Fiw Vw;gLfpwJ. ,e;jf; nfhû fsq;fj;jpid Vw;gLj;Jk; ,af;fj;jpw;F KOikahf vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mNjNghy kpfTk; ftdkhf ,e;jg; gpur;rpidfis Kfhikj;J tg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W ehd; fUJfpNwd;.

kpff; ftdkhf Kfhikj;Jtg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W nrhy;tjw;Ff; fhuzk; ,UgFjpapdUk; ghJfhf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;w mu;j;jj;jpyh?

ve;jnthU kjj;ijAk; ,opTgLj;jhky; ghJfhf;Fk; nghWg;G murhq;fj;jpw;F cs;s nghWg;ghFk;. mjw;F murhq;fk; rl;lj;ij Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. gpur;rpidfs; %shky; ,Uf;FkhW ghu;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;baJ murhq;fj;jpd; nghWg;ghfTs;sJ. mjid murhq;fj;jhy; nra;a ,aYk;. murpay; ahg;Gr; rl;lKk; ,jid cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ. kWgf;fk; ve;jnthU kjKk; Vida kjq;fis ,opTgLj;jhky; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. gpur;rpidfs; %Sk;NghJ Ngr;Rthu;j;ij %yk; mjidj; jPu;j;Jf; nfhs;sf;$bathW ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

vd;whYk; ehshe;jk; re;jpf;Fr; re;jp Ngrg;gLfpd;>w elhj;jg;gLfpd;w jPa nray;fis fl;Lg;gLj;j ahUk; Kd;tUtjpy;iyNa! ehSf;F ehs; ,e;jg; gpur;rpidfs; NknyOfpd;wNj jtpu Fiwe;jghby;iyNa?

vg;gbahapDk; ehd; xUNghJk; jw;NghJ elf;fpd;w tplaq;fSf;F Mjuthf ,Uf;fNt khl;Nld;.

$wpdhu;fs;. fj;Njhypf;f Njthyaq;fs; ehl;il ifg;gw;wTs;sJ> mjw;nfjpuhf ehq;fs; vOe;J epw;f Ntz;Lk;. ngsj;j rkaj;ij ,y;yh njhopf;fg;Nghfpwhu;fs;. mt;thwhd fijfisr; nrhy;yp tUfpwhu;fs;.

,t;thW nrhy;yp Nrhk Njuupd; kuzj;ij fOj;jpy; Ve;jpr; nrd;wtu;fs; Fiwe;jsT> Nrhk Njuu; ,we; jhuh ,y;iy ahNuDk; nfhd;whu;fsh? vd;W $l Njltpy;iy. ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;Fr; nrd;w gpd;du; vy;yhNk mtu;fSf;F kwe;Jtpl;lJ. mz;ikf; fhykhf ehq;fs; fhz;gJ vd;dntd;why;> kf;fis mr;r%l;b mtu;fsJ fUkq;fisr; nra;Jnfhs;s

Kaw;rpnra;fpwhu;fs;. jw;NghJs;sJ mt;thW Nrhbf; fg;gl;l murpay; fyhrhuk;jhd;. vdJ ek;gpf;if vd;dntd;why;> ,tu;fs; kf;fis mr;r%l;b> Fog;g kilar; nra;J VNjh rhjpf;f Kaw;rpnra;fpwhu;fs;.

kjthj> ,dthj nraw;ghl;Lld; njhlu;Gilatu;fs; murpay; fyhrhuj;jpy; xU gFjpapdu; vd ePq;fs; epidf;fpwPu;fsh? ,tu;fsJ nraw;ghL vt;thW rf;jp kpf;fjhfpd;wJ?

mt;thWjhd; fhl;rp nfhLf;fpwhu;fs;. ,uz;L tplaq;fs; cs;sd. xd;W: kpfj; njspthf ghJfhg;Gr; nrayhsu; ,jw;F gf;fgykhf ,Uf;fpd;whu; vd;gJ. mjid ehd; rhl;rpfSld; fz;Nld;. ,dp> ,e;j ,dthjf; FO me;j epoYf;Fs; mfg;gl;Lf;nfhz;L Fw;wq;fs; ,iof;fpwhu;fs; vd;gJ njspthfj; njupfpwJ.

,uz;L: ,e;ehl;L kf;fs; gy;NtW gpur;rpidf Sf;Fs; mfg;gl;Lf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. tho;f;ifr; nryT Nghd;w gpur;rpidfis kf;fs; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;shjpUf;f ,tu;fs; ,t;thW Ml;b itj;jhy; fhupak; elf;Fk; vd;gJ murhq;fj;jpd;

tho;f;ifr; nryT Nghd;w gpur;rpidfis kf;fs; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;shjpUf;f ,tu;fs; ,t;thW Ml;b itj;jhy; fhupak; elf;Fk; vd;gJ murhq;fj;jpd; vz;zg;ghL. nghJthf munrhd;wpd; ,ay;Gk; mJjhd;. mJ kpf Nkhrkhd topfhl;ly;. kpfj; njspthf tpsq;FtJ vd;dntd;why; ehq;fs; ,g;NghJ muh[fj;Jf;Fs; mwpahkNyNa cs;Eioe;Js;Nshk;.


ePq;fs; nrhy;fpd;w "rpytw;iw nrhy;yKbahJ" vdf; Fwpg;gpL git tsu;tjw;F ,lkspf;Fk; my;yth?

nghJthfj;jhd; mJ mikAk;. 18MtJ murpayikg;Gr; rl; lj;jpw;F ehq;fs; thf;fspj; Njhk;. vd;whYk; fl;rpf;Fs; mjw;nfjpuhf gyj;j vjpu;g;G cs;sJ. mNjNghy gpujk ePjpauru; njhlu; ghd gpur;rpidapd; NghJ> vq;fs; fl;rpapYs;s xUtu; Mjuthf thf;fspj;jhu;. vq;fs; fl;rpapd; mikr;ru; vjpuhf thf;fspj;jhu;.

,t;thwhd jiyaPLfs; Vw;glj;jhd; nra;fpwJ. $l;lzpfSld; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ rpw;rpy tplaq;fspy; msNthL ,Uf;f Ntz;ba epiyik Vw;gLfpd;wJ. vq;fis kl;Lk; Fw;wk; nrhy;y KbahJ. tpNrlkhf vjpu;f;fl;rpahfpa If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp ,Jgw;wp NgRtNj ,y;iy. mtu;fs; nksdpfshf ,Uf;fpwhu; fs;. ngUk;ghyhNdhu; ,Jgw;wpf; Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ> kfhehaf;f Njuu;fshy; tpil fhzg;gl Ntz;ba tplak; ,J vd;fpwhu;fs;. cz;ikapy; vy;NyhUk; xUkpj;J ,jw;F vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpj;J> Nguzp Vw;ghL nra;J kf;fis mzpjpul;b ,tw;wpid ,y;yhnjhopf;f Ntz;Lk;.

ngsj;j gpf;FfSf;F ,t;tplaj;jpy; $Ljyhd nghWg;Gs; sjy;yth?

Mkhk;> mJ cz;ikjhd;. mjdhy;jhd; ehq;fs; vq;fs; vjpu;g;igf; fhl;LfpNwhk;. kfhehaf;f Njuu;fs; vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpf;fpwhu;fs;.

MapDk;> ,e;j vjpu;g;Gj; njhlu;e;J eilngWtjpy;iyNa?

vd;dhy; ,t;tsTjhd; nrhy;y KbAk;. ehd; Kf;fpakhd ngsj;j kjFUkhu;fs; gyUld; fijj; Njd;. kupahijf;Fupa rpwe;j kjFUkhu;fs; gyUk; ,jw;fhf ntl;fg;gLfpwhu;fs;. Nga;fs; Nghd;W nraw;gLk;NghJ ve;jnthU egUk; gag;glj;jhd; nra;thu;. mjw;fhf ehd; ,tu;fspd; nray;fisr; rup fhz khl;Nld;. ehd; vjw;Fk; gag;gl khl;Nld;. ehd; nrhy;tnjy;yhk; vd;dntd;why;> ,jid R+l;Rkkhd Kiwapy; ,y;yhnjhopf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,e;ehL cz;ikapNyNa rpq;fstu;fspd; ehlh? ,e;ehL rpq;fstu;fSf;F kl;Lk;jhdh nrhe;jkhdJ?

,q;fpyhe;ij nts;isau;fspd; ehL vd;WjhNd nrhy;fpNwhk;. vd;whYk;> ,yz;lDf;Fg; Ngha;g; ghu;j;jhy; tpsq;Fk;. mq;Nf vj;jid nkhopfs; Ngrg;gLfpd;wd vd;Wk;> vj;jid ,dq;fs; tho;fpd;wd vd;Wk; njspthFk;. ,e;ehl;by; Kf;fpa %d;W ,dq;fs; kl;Lk;jhd; tho;fpd;wd. ,Unk-hopfs; jhd; Ngrg;gLfpd;wd. ,d;W cyfpy; ve;jnthU ehLk; xU ,dj;jpw;fhf kl;Lk; ,y;yNt ,y;iy. cj;jku;fshf Ntz;baJ kdpju;fNs md;wp ,dNkh> kjNkh my;y.

cz;ikapy; ,tw;iwg; G+uzkhf mopj;njhopf;f Ntz;Lk;. mt;thwpd;Nwy;> xUNghJk; ,jidr; rupahd topf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu KbahJ.

,dthjkhapDk; kjthjkhapDk; mbg;gilthjkhapDk;> mJ murpaYld; njhlu;Gw;wJ vd;W fUj Kbahjh?

vg;gbAk; ,J murhq;fk; mwpahky; elf;ff; $bajy;y. mJ njspT. murhq;fk; mwpahky; ,e;jsT khw;wq;fs; Vw;gl KbahJ. vq;fSf;F ed;whfj; njupAk;. ghJfhg;Gr; nrayhsu; ,jw;F cle;ijahf ,Ug;gJ vq;fSf;Fj; njupAk;. mJ nra;af; $lhj Ntiy. MapDk; murhq;fk; nks-dpahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ.

Rthkp> mNjNghyj;jhd; xU ngsj;jd; $l ,y;yhj gFjpfspy; ngsj;j rpiyfis mikf;fpwhu;fs;. tPL tPlha;r; nrd;W giwrhw;W fpwhu;fs;. gaKWj;jy;fs; nra;fpwhu;fs;. kjj;jpw;F mg;ghy; cz;gitAk; gUFgi-tAk; $l gpur;rpidfshf vOe;Js;sd. ,Jgw;wp vd;d nrhy;fpwPu;fs;?

ngsj;j kjk; gyhj;fhukhff; ifg;gw;Wk; kjky;y. tuyhW KOJk; ehq;fs; gad;gLj;jpa MAjk; vJntd;why;> rhJupak;> mwpT uPjpapyhd Qhdk;. ,Uis mfw;WtNj vq;fs; Fwpf;Nfhshf ,Ue;jJ. xUNghJk; ngsj;j kjk; gyhj;fhuj;jpdhy; tpahgpf; ftpy;iy. ehd; fhZk; ,d;ndhU tplak; ngsj;jf; FwpaPL rpw;rpy Nehf;fq;fSf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl; Ls;sJ.

,t;thwhd tplaq;fis ahu; nra;jhYk; Fw;wk; Fw;wNk. ,e;j mbfs; vy;yhk; nghJkf;fspd; cupikfisNa ghjpf;fpwJ. ngsj;j kjj;jpw;F cle; ijapy;yhj ,e;j jPa eltbf;iffis> elj;ijfis ehd; KOikahf vjpu;f;fpNwd;. ngsj;j Jwtpfs; vd;w tl;lj;jpypUe;J ,it mfw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,th;fis ntw;wpailar; nra;tJ ngUk; jtW. ,tu;fs; rupahf ngsj;j kjk; gw;wpf; $l mwpahjtu;fs;. Nghyp tpjz;lhthjq;fis Kd; itj;J kdpj rKjhaj;ij mopf;f Ntz;lhk; vd;W mtu;fs; Kd; vd;fUj;ij Kd;itf;fpNwd;.

murhq;fj;Jf;Fs; ,Ue;Jnfhz;L gpur;rpidfis Vw;gLj;Jgtu;fs; vd;W $Wfpd;wdNu?

ehd; ,yq;if rkrkh[f; fl;rpiag; gpujp epjpj;Jtg;g Lj;JfpNwd;. fl;rpapd; fUj;ijj;jhd; ehd; nrhy;fp Nwd;. me;j cupikia vq;fs; fl;rp vdf;F toq;fp As;sJ. ehd; mjidj;jhd; nra;fpNwd;.

ehq;fs; ,Ug;gJ If;fpa kf;fs; $l;lzpapdUld;. vdf;F ed;whfj; njupAk; ,e;jf; $l;lzpapdUld; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ rpy tplaq;fisr; nrhy;y Kbahkw; Nghfpd;wJ. vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ,jid tplTk; rupahd topfisr; nra;aNtz;ba NjitAs;sJ. mt;thNw> mepahaq;fSf;F vjpuhf nrag;gl Ntz;ba Njit Ak; cs;sJ vd;gij ehd; $wpf; nfhs;s tpUk;GfpNwd;.

tpl;lJ vd itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. ,g;NghJ ehk; 'jkpo; NgRNthu;" vd;w mbg;gilapy; ,izTf;F Mjuthf thf;fspg;Nghkh? my;yJ ehk; 'K];ypk;" jdpj;JtkhNdhu; vd;W vjpuhf thf;fspg;Nghkh? mg;gbahdhy; tlf;Fk;-fpof;Fk; jkpoupd; jhafk; /jkpo; NgR Nthupd; jhafk; vd;gij Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpNwhkh? ,y;iyah? rup ehk; vd;Wk; "K];ypk;" vd;w mil ahsj;Jld;jhd; murpay; nra;Nthk; vd;why; tlf;F-fpof;F ,ize;j gpuNjrj;jpd; Kjyikr;ru; xU jkpo; fj;Njhypf;fu; tUfpwhu; vd;why; mjw;F ehk; tpl;Lf; nfhLg;Nghkh? vd;w

vz;zw;w tpil njupahj Nfs;tp fs; Vw;gLfpd;wd.

mjw;F ek;kplk; gupfhuk; ,Uf; fpd;wJ vd;w epiyapy;> fpwp];j tu;fs; jq;fis jkpou;> rpq;fstu; vd;w milahsj;Jf;Fs;Sk; ,Ue;J nfhz;L rkaj;jpd; ngauhYk;> ,dj;jpd; ngauhYk; ,uz;L Kiw vijAk; mDgtpf;f KbahJ vd;why; vt;tsT fhyj;Jf;F mtu; fs; Mk; mJ rup vd;wpUg;ghu;fs;. vd;Nwh xU ehs; mtu;fs; vkf; nfjpuhd Fuiy cau;j;Jthu;fs;. mjhtJ 'K];ypk;' vd;w ngaiuf; nfhz;ljhy; mtu;fSf;F tpN\l rYif Njitapy;iy vd;ghu;fs;. ,d;iwa cyf xOq;(fpd;ik)F re;ju;g;gk; ghu;j;Jf;nfhz;bUf;fpwJ mr;re;ju;g;gk; rupahf mikAk; NghJ ek;ik gaq;futhjpfshf> gpur;rpidf;FupNahuhf> xj;Jg;NghFk; kdg;gf;Ftk; ,y;yhjtu;fshff; fhl;b ek;ik Xuq;fl;b tpLthu;fs;.

,e;j mbg;gilapy;jhd; vkJ ,d milahsj;ij J}Rjl;b vLf;f Ntz;bajpd; Njitia czu;j;J fpd;Nwd;.

G+u;tkhf> tpQ;Qhd G+u;tkhf epWtNt 'Nrhdfu;.nfhk;" vd;w ,izaj;jsk; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,d;\h my;yh rupahd Neuj;jpy; ehk; Mjhuj;Jld; ntsptUNthk;. Mf nghJgy NrdTf;Nfh> jpU. rk;gpf;f udtf;fapd; tuyhw;W Gwl;Lthjq;fSf;Nfh gag;gl Ntz;bajpy;iy. ehk; fp.gp 7k; E}w; whz;bd; gpd;dhd ntspehl;L gz;lq;fs; vd;W Vw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;baJk; my;y.

,yq;ifapd; Rje;jpuj;ij njhlu;e;J ek; ,dk; njhlu;ghd Nfs;tp ntsptUtJk; kPz;Lk; nksdpg; gJkhf ,Ue;jJ. jpU. nghd;dk;

gyk; uhkehjd; Nghd;Nwhu; ,yq; if K];ypk;fs; fPo;rhjp jkpouhf ,Ue;J kjk; khwpNahu; vd;wNghJ mij %u;f;fkhf vjpu;j;jdu; ek; Kd;Ndhu;fs;. ,jpy; rpj;jpnyg;ig> m]P];> uhrpf; guPj; vd;Nghu; kpf Kf;fpakhNdhu;. ehk; jdpahd ,dk;> Nrhdfu; ,dk; vd;gij md;W ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; epWtpdu;. Mdhy; ehNkh ekJ jho;T kdg;ghd;ikapdhy;> njsptpd;ik ahy;> murpaypy; Mu;tkpd;ikahy; mijg; gw;wp myl;bf; nfhs;tjpy; iy. mjdhy; Mgj;J ,d;W BBS, JHU Nghd;w tbtj;jpy; te;Js;sJ.

xU thjj;jpw;fhf ,yq;ifapd; tlf ;Fk ; - f p of ; Fk ; ,iztjw;fhd ru;t rd thf;Fupik cyf ehLfspd; Vw;ghl;by; epfo;tjhf vLg;Nghk;. ,g;NghJ j.Nj.$. ,ize;j tlf;F fpof; fpd; KjyhtJ Kjy ikr;ru; xU K];ypk; vd;W cs;Nehf;fk; xd;Wld; mwptpj;J

rpe;jidia jtpu;f;f KbahJ NghFk;.

,jpypUe;J ehd; fw;Wf; nfhz;l ghlk; vd;dntdpy;> ek; murpay; jiytu;fNsh nghJkf;fNsh ,J njhlu;ghf rupahd njspTld; ,y;iy vd;gNj. ,jdhy; Vw;gLk; rpf;fiy ehd; ,d;DnkhU Kiw apYk; tpsq;fg;gLj;jyhk;. c+k; jkpo; murpay; fl;rpfs; rpyNeuq;f spy; K];ypk;fis 'jkpo; NgRNthu;" vd;w tiuaiwf;Fs; mlf;Ffpd;w du;. ,jd; %yk; ngwg;gLk; vij Ak; epahakhf gfpu;e;jspf;f Ntz; ba re;ju;g;gk; tUk;NghJ> ,J jkpoUf;F ngwg;gl;lJ ,J K];ypk;fSf;F ,y;iy vd;fpd; wdu;. ehk; jkpo; NgRNthu; vd;w tiuaiwf;Fs; tUNthkhdhy; mjd; gpwF ePq;fs; jkpo; NgRk; K];ypk;fs; vd;w gpuptpidf;Fs; tuNtz;bajpy;iy. fhuzk; jkpo; NgRk; fpwp];jtu; jkpouhfNt fzp f;fg;gLfpd;wdu;. Mf jkpo; murp ay;thjpfSf;F kpfj; njspthf njupe;j tplak;jhd; K];ypk; vd;w xU ,dk; ,y;iy MfNt rupahd re;ju;g;gj;jpy; mijghtpj;Nj mtu; fspd; cupikapy; jhq;fs; ifitf; fyhk;. jq;fspd; fPo;itj;Jf; nfhs;s yhk; vd;w epiyg;ghL.

xUtifapy; ehk; ,d uPjpahf ahu; vd;W kw;wtu;fSf;F njupAkh> njupahjh vd;gijtpl ekf;F njupAkh vd;gij Kjypy; njupe;J nfhs;tJ Kf;fpakhFk;. vkJ ,d milahskhdJ kpfTk; njspth dJ. kdpj ,Ug;gpd;> tuyhw;wpd; Muk;gj;Jf;Nf nry;tJ. me;j Muk;gk; Mjhk; kiyapd; (Adam's Peak) cr;rpapy; ,Ue;J njhlq;F fpwJ. ,ij Gwk; js;sptpl;L ehk; vijANk murpay; uPjpahf ngw;Wf; nfhs;s KbahJ. rpq;fstupd; Muk;gk; tp[aDld; vd;why;> jkpoupd; Muk;gk; fypq;fkhDld; vd;why; ,yq;ifapy; vkJ Muk;gk; MjhKld;. ,ij tuyhw;W

,dj;Jtk;


eP ahu;? vd;w Nfs;tpf;F> ehd; "kdpjd;" vd;w gjpy; jj;Jthu;j;j uPjpapy; rupahapDk; eilKiw uPjp apy; mg;gbahd xU tpilapy; ehk; jpUg;jpaila KbahJ. gy; ypd my;yJ gy; fyhr;rhu kf;fs; thOk; ,yq;if Nghd;w ehLfspy; vspikahdjhf njupAk; ,e;j Nfs; tpf;F mspf;fg;gLk; tpil Fog;g kpy;yhJ ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mg;gb mikAk; NghJjhd; me;jf; Nfs;tp vjw;fhff; Nfl;fg;gl;lNjh mjw; fhd nghUj;jkhd gjpyhf mJ mikAk;. ,e;j mbg;gilapNyNa "K];ypk;" vd;w ekJ milahsk; vdJ Nfs;tpf; Fl;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

,ij vdJ mDgtj;Jld; njhlu;Ggl;l uPjpapy; tpsq;fg;g Lj;Jtjhapd;> yz;ldpNy xU Njitf;fhf $l;lg;gl;l $l;lj; jpy; ehd; ahu; vd;w Nfs;tp vOg; gl;lJ. mj;jUzj;jpy; rw;W Kd; NahridAld; vdJ jha; nkhop jkpohapDk;> ehd; jkpoNuh my; yJ rpq;fstNuh ,y;iy vd;Nwd;. mg;NghJ mq;fpUe;jtu;fspd; Kfj; jpy; ehd; vd;d nrhy;fpNwd; vd;w njsptpd;ikia Fwpf;Fk; ghtid njupe;jJ. ,J vjd; mwpFwp vd; why; ,yq;ifau; vd;why; xd;wpy; rpq;fstuhf my;yJ jkpouhfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;w kdKw;g jpT. MfNt ehd; ahu; vd;gij mtu;fSf;F tpsq;fg;gLj;j Ntz; ba Njit xd;W Vw;gl;lJ.

INuhg;gpaupd; ghu;itapy; ehd; xU Mrpa ehl;ltd;. ,d;Dk; rw;W rupahf nrhy;tjhdhy; ehd; xU ,yq;ifad;. mjw;F mg;ghy; ehd; ahu; vd;w Nfs;tpia rupahf mZf Kd;> fPo;tUk; tplaq;fis rw;W ghu;g;gJ nghUj;jkhf ,Uf; Fk; vd epidf;fpNwd;. cyfpy; cs;s vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; xU ngau; Njitg;gLfpwJ. ,jdbg;g ilapNyNa kdpjid ghy; mbg; gilapy; Mz;> ngz; vd;W gpupj; jwpfpd;Nwhk;. Mdhy; ,e;j gFg;G NghJkhdjhf ,y;yhj NghJ ek; xt;nthUtUf;Fk; xU ngaUk;> mijj; njhlu;e;J Cu; ngau;> Fyg;ngau;> ,dg;ngau;> ehl;bd; ngau; vd;W gytpjkhd milah sq;fs; Njitg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j mbg;gilapy; xUtUf;F gy milahsq;fs; ,Uf;fyhk; vd;gJ ld; ,t;tilahsq;fs; Njitf;F Vw;g nghUj;jkhf njupT nra;J ghtpf;fg;gl Ntz;bAKs;sJ.

cjhuzkhf ek; ehl;L [dhjpg jpia vLj;J nfhz;lhy; mtu; xU ngsj;ju;> mNj Nghy; jkpo;j; Njrpa $l;lzpapd; jiytu; jpU. rk;ge;ju; xU irtu;. mtupd; fl;rp apy; cs;s nry;tk; milf;fyeh jd; xU fj;Njhypf;fu;. Mdhy; [dhjpgjpf;F ,d;ndhU milah sKk; cz;L. mJjhd; mtu; rpq;f stu; vd;w ,d milahsk;. mNj Nghy; rk;ge;jUk; mtupd; fl;rpap

Ys;s nry;tk; milf;fyehjdJk; ,d milahsj;jpy; jkpou; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wdu;.

Mdhy; ePjp mikr;ru; wT+g; `f;fPkpd; kj milahsk; K];ypk; vd;wika> mtu; ,d uPjpahf rpq;f stuh my;yJ jkpouh vd;W Nfl; lhy; mjw;Fk; ehk; K];ypk; vd;w gjpnyhd;iwNa nfhLf;fpd;Nwhk;. ,J xU Gj;jprhypj;jdkhd gjpyhf mikatpy;iy. cynfq;fpYk; cs;s K];ypk;fs; my;yJ jiytu;fs; jq; fs; kj milahsj;ijAk;> ,d milahsj;ijAk; xd;Nwhnlhd;W Fog;gpf; nfhs;tjpy;iy. c+k; ghf; fp];jhdpaud nra;aj; Kd;lh]; myk; [pyhdp xU K];ypk; Mdhy; mtu; ,dj;jhy; xU gQ;rhgpau;. kNyrpahtpd; muru; my; tjp`{ \h xU K];ypk; Mdhy; ,d uPjp ahf mtu; xU kNy. ,e;Njh Nd\pahtpd; [dhjpgjp ]{rpNyh gd;Ng Al;NfhahNdh xU K];ypk;> Mdhy; ,d uPjpahf xU [hthdp au;. tq;fhsNjr Kjy; ke;jpup N\a;f; `]Pdh xU K];ypk;. Mdhy; ,d uPjpahf mtu; xU tq;fhsp. Mg;fhdp];jhd; mjpgu; `kPl; fu;rha; xU K];ypk;> mtu; G];J}d; ,dj;ij Nru;e;jtu;. <uh dpa mjpgu; k`;%l; m`kjp ep[hl; xU K];ypk;. mtupd; ,dg; ngau; Ngrpau;. <uhf;fpd; [dhjpgjp [yhy; jyghdp xU K];ypk; Mdhy; ,d uPjpahf mtu; xU

Fu;jP];. ,Nj Nghy; f]hf;fp];jhd; ehl;bd; mjpgu; E}u;Ry;jhd; eru; igNaht; xU K];ypk;> ,Ug;gp Dk; ,d uPjpahf xU fh]hf;fu;. ,g;gbNa mNdf mwG ehLfspd; jiytu;fs; K];ypk;fs; Mdhy; ,d uPjpahf mwGf;fs;. Mgpupf;fh tpd; mNdf K];ypk; jiytu;fs; gpuj;jpNafkhd ,d milahsq;f isf; nfhz;Ls;sdu;.Mf ,tu;fs; vy;yhUk; ,];yhk; cyfj;jpy; mwp Kfkhf Kd; vd;ndd;d ,d milahsj;Jld; fhzg;gl;lhu;f Nsh mNj ,d milahsj;ij njhiyf;fhky; ,d;Dk; ,d;Wk; mg;gbNa fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;.

,e;j mbg;gilapy; ,yq;if K];ypk;fisg; ghu;f;Fk; NghJ VNjh gpio ele;Jtpl;ljhfNt njupfpd;wJ. MfNtjhd; kj uPjpahf ehk; ahu; vd;fpd;w NghJ 'K];ypk;" vd;W nrhy;YtJ Nghy; ,d uPjp ahf ehk; ahu; vd;W Nfl;lhYk; 'K];ypk;" vd;w mNj tpilia fpspg;gps;isfs; Nghy; nrhy;Yfpd; Nwhk;. 'K];ypk;" vd;w ,d mil

ahsk; vg;gb vkf;F te;jJ? my;yJ ekf;F xU ,d milah sNk ,y;iyah? NjitAk; ,y;iyah? my;yJ ehk; jkpou;f spd;> rpq;fstu;fspd; topj; Njhd; wy;fsh? my;yJ fyg;gpdkh? vJ thf ,Ug;gpDk; mij ehk; ntspg;gilahf Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,J xU ntWf;fj;jf;f tplaky;y. mg;gb Vw;Wf; nfhs; yhtpl;lhy; ehk; xU tifahd khia Vw;gLj;JNthuhfNt ,Ug; Nghk;. mjhtJ jpBnud;W xU ,dk; vq;fpUe;J te;jJ vd;W njupahky; ,q;F te;J ,wq;fpAs; sjhfNt KbAk;. ,g;gb xU rpf;fiy ekf;F ehNk Vw;gLj;J Nthkhdhy; vjpu;fhyj;jpy; mr;rpf;f

ypy; ,Ue;J ntsp tu Kbahjth;f shfNt fhzg;gLNthk;. MfNt vkJ ,d milahsk; njhlu;ghf ehk; ghuhKfkhf ,Ug;gJ xU tpNtfk; mw;w nrayhfNtgLfpd;wJ.

vkJ gpwg;Grhl;rp gj;jpuk; ehk; '%h;" vd;W Mq;fpyj;jpy; kpfj; njspthf $WfpwJ. mJ rpq;fs nkhopapy; 'Nahdf;f" vd;Wk; jkp opy; 'Nrhdfu;" vd;Wk; Fwpg;gpL fpwJ. Mdhy; ,e;j '%h;" vd;w gjk; Nrhdfu; my;yJ Nahdf;f vd;w gjq;fspd; Neub nkhop ngau;g;gh vd;gJ njsptpy;yhky; ,Ufpd;wJ. Mdhy; rpyupd; fUj; Jg;gb '%h;" vd;gJ 'K];ypk;" ik Fwpg;gJ vd;fpd;wdu;. ,e;j '%u;" vd;w ngau; ekf;F ek; ehl;il Kjypy; mbikg;gLj;jpa Nghu;JfP ]updhy; toq;fg;gl;lJ vd;gjpy; ve;jtpj re;NjfKk; ,y;iy. ,e;j thu;j;ij K];ypk; vd;gij Fwpf;F khdhy; ehk; ,];yhj;ij Vw;fKd; vd;d ngau; nfhz;L miof;fg; gl;bUg;Nghk;. ,dg; ngauhyh mg;gbahdhy; mJ ve;j ,dk;?

my;yJ VjhtJ kjj;ij gad;gLj; jpapUe;jpUe;jhy; me;j kjj;jpd; ngauhyh? c+k; irtu;> ngsj;ju;> n[apdu;> ghk;G tzq;fpfs; (ehfu;) rkakpy;yh NtLtu;? Mf '%u;" vd;gJ Nghu;j;Jf;fP]u; tUifAld; ekf;F R+l;lg;gl;l mD$ykhd xU ngaNu jtpu ekf;fhd rup ahd ,d milahskhf; nfhs;s KbahJ. ekJ mbg;gil ,dg; ngau; 'Nrhdfu;" vd;gjhFk;. ,J 'Rtdu;" vd;W mwpag;gl;l Kjy; kdpju;fs; Mjhk; (Mjk;) Vths; (`t;th) vd;Nghupd; topj;Njhd; wy;fis Fwpf;Fk; ngau;. mjhtJ ,tu;fs; 'Rtd"j;jpy; ,Ue;J G+kpf;F ,wf;fg;gl;Nlhu;. ,e;j 'Rtdu;" vd;w ngau;r; nrhy; Nrhdfu; Ngrpa

'vY" my;yJ 'vS" vd;w Mjp nkhopr; nrhy;yhf ,Uf;fyhk; vd;W fUjg;gLfpwJ. ,Jjhd; etPd jkpopd; mbg;gil nkhopahf nfhs;s ,lk; cs;sjhfTk; nfhs; sg;gLfpd;wJ. tplak; ,g;gb ,Uf;Fk; NghJ ehk; vjw;nfLj; jhYk; 'K];ypk;" vd;w ngaiu ghtpg;gJ murpay; uPjpapy; rw;W Fog;gkhdJk; Mgj;jhdJkhFk;. ,e;j Fog;gj;ijAk; Mgj;ijAk; gpd;tUkhW tpsf;fyhk;.

,yq;ifapd; ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlu;ghf Kjy; Kjypy; ,Ugf;f j;ijAk; jha;yhe;jpy; $b fijf;f top nra;jNghJ ,yq;if K];ypk; fSk; ,jpy; fye;Jnfhs;s Ntz;b ajpd; mtrpaj;ij typAWj;jpdu;. Mdhy; jkpo; Gypfspd; fz;bg; ghd cj;jutpy; mJ if$ltpy;iy. gpd;du; Gypfs; rw;W ,wq;fpte;J K];ypk;fs; murjug;Gld; Nru;e;J Ngr;Rthu;j;ijfspy; fye;Jnfhs;s yhk; vd;wdu;. Mdhy; K];ypk;fNsh jhq;fs; jdpj;jug;ghf fye;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; ,e;j Ngr;R

thu;j;ijfs; ,dq;fSf;fpilapyhd gpur;rpid rk;ge;jkhdJ. ehk; jdp ahd ,dk;> vkf;F vkJ ,dk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfs; cs;sd. MfNt K];ypk;fspd; jdpahd gq;Fgw;Wif mtrpakhFk;. mjhtJ rpq;fs ,dj;ij murhq;fk; gpujp epjpjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk;> jkpoiu Gyp fs; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jl;Lk;>K]; ypk;fis K];ypk;fNs gpujpepjpj;J tg;gLj;jl;Lk; vd;wdu;. ,J rw;W Fog;gfukhf ,Ue;jhYk; xU epah khd Nfhupf;ifahff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

,ijj; njhlu;e;J yz;ldpNy xU rpW Mu;ghl;lk; ele;jJ. ,J aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ,Ue;J gyhj;fhu khf ntspNaw;wg;gl;l K];ypk;fs;

rhu;ghf elj;jg;gl;lJ. 2002 Vg;uy; 4k; jpfjp ele;j ,e;j Mu;ghl;lj;ij ehd; vdJ nrhe;j Njitf;fhf xspg;gjpT nra;J nfhz;bUe;Njd;. mg;NghJ yz;l dpy; njhopy;GupAk; ,yq;if rl; lj;juzp jpU. grPu; mtu;fs; Nehu; Nt J}Jtuyhyaj;jpy; mikjp Ngr; Rthu;j;ijapd; NghJ K];ypk;fs; jdpj;jug;ghf gq;Fngw mDkjpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w xU Nfhupf;ifia/ kf[iu ifaspj;J tpl;L te;jhu;. mg;NghJ mtiu rpW Ngl;b fz;L ,e;j kf[u; ifaspg;G K]; ypk;fspd; jdpj;jug;G gpujpepjpj;J tk; njhlu;ghdjh my;yJ Nrhd fupd; jdpj;jug;G gpujpepjpj;Jtk; njhlu;ghdjh vd;W Nfl;f mtNuh K];ypk;fspd; jdpj; jug;G njhlu; ghdJ vd;whu;. ,e;j mikjp Ngr;Rthu;j;ij ,yq;ifapd; ,dq; fs; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidapd; mbg;gilapy; eilngWtJ. MfNt mq;F jkJ ,dj;jpd; rupahd milahsq;fSld; nry;y Ntz;LNk xopa NtW milah sq;fspy; nry;tJ nghUj;jkw;wJ vd;gjhy; mtupd; me;j gjpy; vdf;F Mr;rupaj;ij mspj;jJ. ehk; kj milahsj;Jld; nrd;why; vy;yhUNk NjitNah ,y;iyNah jj;jkJ kj milahsq;fSld; te;jpwq;fptpLthu;fs;. c+k; rpq;fs ngsj;ju; Ntwhf> rpq;fs fpwp];j tu; Ntwhf> jkpo; irtu; Ntwhf> jkpo; fpwp];jutu; Ntwhf. mNj Nghy; ,yq;ifapy; thOk; kNyf;f Sk; ,d;Dk; vd;ndd;d rkaq; fs; ,yq;ifapy; cs;sdNth vy; yhiuAk; cs;slf;f Ntz;b Vw;g Lk;. ,J Vw;fdNt cs;s Fog;gj;ij NkYk; Fog;gkhf;Fk; rhj;jpak; cz;L.

Nehu;NtNah my;yJ ,e;j Kaw; rpfspy; <Lgl;Ls;s Vida ehLf Nsh Vd; xU rkaf; FOTf;F khj;jpuk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;? mg;gbf; nfhLj;jhy; mq;F ePjp vd;gJ ,y;yhky; Ngha; tpLk; my;yth? vd;w Nfs;tpf;F jpU. grPupd; gjpy;; vkf;F 'j/th" cila flik cz;ly;yth? vd;w ,d;DnkhU Nfs;tpahFk;. mij ehd; kWf;ftpy;iy. ehd; vd;dstpy; mJTk; Njitg;gLk; NghJ khj;jpuk; nra;Ntd;. Mdhy; mikjp Ngr;Rthu;j;ij vd;gJ j/th gzpay;yNt vd;w gjpYf;F> kWg;G gjpy; ,y;yhjjhy; me;j rpW Neu;fhzy; njhlutpy;iy.

Mdhy; ehNdh 'K];ypk;fs; jdp ,dk;" vd;W gjhij Ve;jp epd;w aho; K];ypk; ,isQu;fsplk; nrd;W ,d> kj milahsj;jpd; NtWghl;il tpsf;fp> mjd; rhjf ghjfq;fis tpgupj;Njd;. mtu;f shy; cldbahf mij cs;thq;f KbahJ NghapDk; rpyu; mij vjpu;fhy Muha;Tf;fhf jq;fSld; vLj;Jr;nrd;wdu;. ,ij njhlu;e;J ,e;j Mu;g;ghl;lj;jpid Vw;ghL nra;jjhf mwpe;Jnfhz;l Kf;fp a];ju;fshd fyhepjp. rpj;jPf;> fzf; fhsu; gh&f;> rl;lj;juzp grPu; MfpNahUf;F vd;gf;f epahaj;jpid vOjp ,J njhlu;ghd fye;Jiu ahly; xd;Wf;F mioj;Njd;. Mdhy; rhjfkhd gjpy; fpilf;ftpy;iy.

,r;rk;gtj;jpd; XupU Mz;Lfspd; gpd; Nehu;Ntapy; eilngw;w rkh jhd Ngr;Rthu;j;ijapy; ,yq;if K];ypk; fhq;fpu]; rhu;ghf fye;J nfhz;l jpU. K`PjPd; mtu;fs; yz;ldpNy xU tpsf;f $l;l nkhd;wpy; fye;J nfhz;L jk; mDgtq;fis gfpu;e;jhu;. mf;$l; lj;Jf;F ehDk; miof;fg;gl;b Ue;jjhy; mq;Nf ek; ,dk; njhlu; ghd vd; epiyg;ghl;il vLj;J itj;Njd;. K`pjPd; mtu;fs; rupahfTk; KOikahfTk; mij tpsq;fpf; nfhz;lhNuh vd vdf;F njupahJ. Mdhy; ehd; nrhy;tjpy; xU epahak; ,Ug;gjhfr; nrhd;dhu;. ,Ue;j NghJk; mJ njhlu;ghd ve;j Kd;ndLg;GfSk; mjd; gpwF ele;Njwtpy;iy. ,Nj K`pjPd; mtu;fs; ,yq;if K];yPk;fs; mwG nkhopia jq;fs; tPl;L nkhopah fTk; fy;tp nkhopahfTk; Mf;fpf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk; vd;w fUj;ij mz;ikapy; ntspapl;Ls;shu;.

mg;gbahdhy; ,yq;if K];ypk; fs; mwig jha; nkhopahff; nfhz; ltu;fs;> MfNt mtu;fs; mwGf;f spd; Neub thuprpRfs; vd;W gpw; fhyj;jpy; nrhy;thNuh njupahJ. ,J gw;wp gpd;du; tpupthf Muha; Nthk;.

,r;re;ju;g;gj;jpy; eil ngw;w ,d;DnkhU tplaj;ijAk; ,q;F Rl;bf; fhl;LtJ nghUj;jnkd epidf;fpd;Nwd;. yz;ldpy; ,aq; Fk; SLIF vd;w mikg;gpd; Kd;ida jiytu; eh[h K`k;kj; vd;gtu; ,J njhlu;ghf fUj;J nrhy;Yk; NghJ ahNuh xUtupd; fUj;ij cs;slf;fp ,g;gbr;nrhd;dhu;> 'ehk; Kjypy; kdpju;> mLj;J K];ypk;" (,J xU tpQ;Qhd G+u;tkhd fz; Lgpbg;gpy;iy vd;whYk;). $lNt ehk; mwgpfs; vd;Nwh m[kpfs; vd;Nwh gpupe;Jtplf;$lhJ vd;w xU `jPirAk; Qhgf%l;bdhu;. ,tu; ,e;j `jPirf; $l rupah fTk; KOjhfTk; Gupe;Jnfhs;s tpy;iy vd;Nw njupfpwJ. fhuzk; ekJ ,d milahsj;ijg; gw;wp NgRtJ ekf;fpilapyhd gpuptp idia Vw;gLj;jp ek; ehl;by;> gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; my;yJ cyf ck;kh tpy; ehk; cau;e;jtu; my;yJ fPoh dtu; vd;w ghFghl;bw;F ,l;Lr; nry;tjw;fy;y. khwhf jdpj;Jtkhd ,d milahsq;fSld; fhzg;g Lk; ,yq;ifaUf;fpilNa ekJ ,d milahsj;jpd; %yk; ehKk; jdpj;Jtkhdtu; vd;gij epiy ehl;b> ekf;Fs;sij epahakhf ngw;Wf;nfhs;sNt. mg;gb my;yh tpbd; tpahghuj;Jf;F te;jtu;fs; te;j ,lk; Nehf;fp Ngha;tpLq;fs; vd;w epiytUk; NghJ vd;d nra;ayhk; vd;w fhye; jho;j;jpa

K];ypk;: Nfs;tpf;Fs;shFk; milahsk;!

K`k;kj; v];.Mu; ep];j;jhu;

"vkJ ,d milahsk;

njhlh;ghf ehk; ghuhKfkhf

,Ug;gJ xU tpNtfk; mw;w

nrayhfNtgLfpwJ"

,yq;ifau; jkJ murpay; xl;bajhd gpur;rpidf is> ,Ug;G rk;ge;jkhd gpur;rp idfis ,d milahsj;jpd; %yk; jPu;f;f Kw;gLk;NghJ ehKk; jiy epkpu;e;J ehk; Nrhdfu; vd;w milahsj;jpy; mjw;F Kfk; nfh Lg;Nghk;. mNj Neuk; ,yq;ifau; jk; gpur;rpidfis rka milah sj;jpd; Clhf jPu;f;f Kw;gLk; NghJ ehk; K];ypk;fs; vd;W jiy epkpu;e;J $WNthk;. ehq;fs; rf ehl;L kf;fis Fog;gj;JFs; itj;jpUf;f Kayf; $lhJ. mNj Nghy; ehk; ve;jtpj ghFghl; Lf;Nfh my;yJ neUf;Fthuq;fSf; Nfh MshFNthk; vd;w gaKk; Njitapy;iy.

,yq;if ,U ,d ehly;y. mJ gy;ypd ehL vd;gij epiy ehl;LNthk;. mjpy; rpq;fstu; ngUk;ghd;ik vd;gijAk;> mLj; jtu; jkpou; vd;gijAk;> mjw;F mLj;jtu; ehk; vd;gijAk; (rdj; njhif jutupir khWk; tha;g;Gk; cz;L)> mjw;F mLj;jtu; gwq;fp au; vd;gijAk; ,tu;fSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,d;Dk; rpW> rpW ,d FOkq;fs; ,yq;ifapy; cs;sij fUj;jpy; vLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ekJ ,d milahsj;ij Kd; epiyg;g Lj;Jtjhy; ehk; ,of;fg; NghtJ xd;Wkpy;iy. Mdhy; rupahd ,d milahsk; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; ehk; ,of;f mjpfKz;L vd;gij fUj; jpy; vLf;f Ntz;Lk;.



































kj uPjpahf ehk; ahu; vd;fpd;w NghJ "K];ypk;" vd;W nrhy;YtJNghy;

,d uPjpahahf ehk; ahu; vd;W Nfl;lhYk; "K];ypk;" vd;w mNj

tpilia fpspgps;isfs; Nghy; nrhy;Yfpd;Nwhk;. "K];ypk;" vd;w ,d

milahsk; vg;gb vkf;F te;jJ? my;yJ ekf;F xU ,d milahsNk

,y;iyah? NjitAk; ,y;iyah? my;yJ ehk; jkpou;fspd;> rpq;fstu;fspd;

topj;Njhd;wy;fsh? my;yJ fyg;gpdkh? vJthf ,Ug;gpDk; mij ehk;

ntspg;gilahf Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.










































































kJ ,d milahsj;ij J}Rjl;b

vLf;fNtz;bajpd; Njitia czu;j;Jfpd;Nwd;.

,yq;ifau; jkJ murpay; xl;bajhd

gpur;rpidfis> ,Ug;G rk;ge;jkhd gpur;rpidfis

,d milahsj;jpd; %yk; jPu;f;f Kw;gLk; NghJ

ehKk; jiy epkpu;e;J ehk; Nrhdfu; vd;w

milahsj;jpy; mjw;F Kfk; nfhLg;Nghk;.



rpWfij


ehd; ,e;jpaf; fhtyuizf; fle;J Ntfkhf

ele;J nrd;Nwd;. mJ kj;jpahd Neuk;. vtUk;

njd;gltpy;iy. rpyNtis mtu;fs; cwq;fpf;

nfhz;bUf;ff; $Lk;. mt;thwpy;iynadpy;

Xa;ntLj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;ff; $Lk;. eLg;gfypy;

ve;jnthU kdpj [PtuhrpAk; Njrj;jpd; vy;iyiaf;

fle;J nry;tnud mtu;fs; epidj;Jf; $lg;

ghu;j;jpUf;f khl;lhu;fs;. tpau;it topa ehd;

Gifapujnkhd;iwg; Nghy Ntfkhf XbNdd;.

vdJ rNfhjudpd; Kfk; vdJ fz;nzjpNu

Njhd;WfpwJ. mtuJ epiyik gLNkhrkhdnjd

jfty; je;jtu; $wpapUe;jhu;. ePyk; Mw;wq;fiuapy;

jdJ ,y;yj;jpy; trpf;Fk; mtDf;F jdnjd;W

nrhy;yf; $ba vtUk; mq;fpy;iy.

ehd; Mw;wq;fiuapy; ,e;jpahTf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd

gFjpapy; trpj;J te;Njd;. vdJ rNfhjud; Mw;wpd;

vjpu;g;Gwj;jpy; ghfp];jhDf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd fiuapy;

trpj;J te;jhd;. 'mtu; Raepidtw;w epiyapYk;

cq;fs; ngaiuNa $wpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;' vd

jfty; je;jtu; $wpapUe;jhu;. mt;thwhd

jftnyhd;W fpilj;j gpd;du; ehd; mikjpahf

,Ug;gJ vt;thW? vt;thwhapDk; xNu ,uj;jj;jpy;

cz;lhd ge;jk; ,J.

ehd; 'mj;kfhk;' ghyj;ij neUq;fpNdd;. vdJ

rNfhjudpd; tPL Nenujpu;g; Gwj;jpy;

mike;jpUe;jJ. mjid neUq;f vdf;F Ie;J

epkplq;fs; khj;jpuNk vLf;Fk;. jpUlidg; Nghy

tyJf;Fk; ,lJf;Fk; vdJ ghu;itiar; nrYj;jpa

ehd;> vd;idNa ijupag;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L

Njrj;jpd; vy;iyiaf; fle;J nry;y Kad;Nwd;.

vdpDk;> rpy mbr;RtLfisg; gjpj;J Kd;Ndwpr;

nry;ifapy; gyj;j rg;jj;NjhL $f;FuypLk;

Xiriaf; Nfl;Nld;.

'epy;!'

ehd; nra;tjwpahJ mt;tplj;jpNyNa rpiyahf

epd;Nwd;. Kd;Nd ghu;j;j vdf;F> Jg;ghf;fpia

ePl;bagb vd;id Nehf;fp te;Jnfhz;bUe;j

,uz;L ,uhZt tPuu;fs; njd;gl;ldu;.

',e;jpandhUtd;" vd vdJ Kf yl;rzj;ijg;

ghu;j;j xU ,uhZt tPud; fj;jpdhd;.

'ifJ nra; mtid" vd mLj;jtd; fj;jpdhd;.

',y;iy...,y;iy... Iah ehd; ,e;jpadpy;iy. mNj

Nghy ghfp];jhdpaDk; ,y;iy. ehndhU

fh\;kPu;thrp. mNjh mq;Nf NfudpypUf;Fk; rpwpa

tPnlhd;W njd;gLfpwJ my;yth? mJjhd; vdJ

tPL. Mw;wpd; kWfiuapypUf;Fk; me;jr; rpwpa tPLk;

njd;gLfpwJ my;yth? mq;Nfjhd; vdJ

rNfhjud; trpf;fpwhu;. mtu; cly;epiy

ghjpf;fg;gl;L kpfTk; Nkhrkhd epiyapy;

,Uf;fpwhu;. mtUf;nfd;W $w mq;F ahUk;

,y;iy. mtuJ cjtpf;F ahuhtJ tUk;gb

jftnyhd;W fpilj;jJ. Iah> jaTnra;J vdf;F

xU miu kzpj;jpahyk; nfhLq;fs;. mtUf;F

vg;gbapUf;fpwnjdg; ghu;j;J> Kbe;jhy;

kUe;JfSk; thq;fpf; nfhLj;J..rpyNtis mJ

jz;zPu; khj;jpukhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;...mijf;

nfhLj;Jtpl;L tUfpNwd;."

vdJ fOj;jpy; Jg;ghf;fpg; gpbahy;

jhf;fg;gl;Nld;. vdJ ,U ghjq;fSf;Ff; fPNo

G+kp mjpu;tijg; Nghy czu;e;Njd;. mtu;fs;

vd;id mtu;fsJ gq;fUf;F ,Oj;Jr; nrd;wdu;.

',e;jpandhUtd; - vjpup csthspnahUtd;" vd

,d;DnkhU ,uhZt tPud; vd;idg; ghu;j;Jf;

$wpdhd;. mjidj; njhlu;e;J mtu;fs;

rpj;jputijfs; nra;a Muk;gpj;jdu;. ehd;

ghfp];jhDf;F vjpuhf NtT ghu;f;f te;j ,e;jpa

csthspnahUtndd thf;F%ykspf;Fk;gb

mtu;fs; vd;id kpul;bdu;.

ehd; vjid thf;F%ykspg;gJ? ehd; vdJ

rNfhjudpd; vjpupnadf; $w ,aYkh?

vdJ rNfhjudpd; tPl;bw;F mz;ikapy;

mike;jpUe;j mtu;fsJ jiyikafj;Jf;F

vd;idf; nfhz;L nrd;wdu;. jpUk;gTk; ehd;

nfQ;rpNdd;.

'jaT nra;Aq;fs; Iah. vdJ rNfhjud; mLj;j

tPl;by;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhu;. mtuJ cly;epiy kpfTk;

Nkhrkhd epiyapy; cs;sJ. Iah> vdf;F

iftpyq;fpl;lhYk; guthapy;iy. mjNdhL

vd;id mtuplk; nry;y mDkjpAq;fs;. mtUf;F

vg;gbapUf;fpwnjd tprhupf;ff; fpilj;jhYk;

NghJk;" vdpDk; mtu;fs; nrtpkLf;ftpy;iy. vdJ

efq;fisg; gpLq;fpa mtu;fs;> mf; fhaq;fspd;

Nky; cg;gpl;ldu;. ehd; kaf;fKw;Nwd;...

vdJ rNfhjud; kpFe;j rpukj;NjhL Rthrpj;jgb>

jz;zPu; Nfl;L KdFk; Xir vdf;Ff; Nfl;lJ.

vdJ rNfhjuDf;F mz;ikapy; ehd; nfhz;L

tug;gl;Ls;Nsd; vd;gjid czu;e;Njd;. vdpDk;

vdf;F tpyq;fpl;L rq;fpypahy; fl;lg;gl;bUe;Njd;.

Rw;wptu vq;NfANk jz;zPu; njd;gltpy;iy. if

tpyq;fpd; $upa Kidnahd;wpy; vdJ ,lJ

ifia ntl;bf; nfhz;Nld;. ifapd;

ntl;Lg;gl;l ,lj;jpypUe;J FUjp ngUf;nfLj;Jg;

gha;e;jJ. tyJ cs;sq;ifiaf; Ftpj;J mf; FUj-

piar; Nrkpj;J vdJ rNfhjudpd; jhfj;ijj;

jzpf;f Kad;Nwd;. vdpDk; vdJ iffs;

tpyq;fplg;gl;bUe;j fhuzj;jhy; vdJ rNf-

hjudpd; cjLfis vd;dhy; neUq;FtJ rpukkhf

,Ue;jJ. ,Wjpapy; jz;zPu; Nfl;L ,Wjp

Kdfnyhd;iw ntspg;gLj;jpa mtu;

mikjpaile;jhu;. ehd; mOJ muw;wpNdd;.

'vy;yhk; Kbe;J tpl;lJ. Mz;ltdpd; ,uhrjhdp

cile;J tPo;e;J tpl;lJ. kdpj vz;zq;fs; ahTk;

mope;J tpl;ld. rNfhjundhUtd;> jdJ

rNfhjuDf;Nf vjpupahfp tpl;lhd;."

jpLf;fpl;L vOe;j ehd; ,uhZt tPuu;fspd;

tpopfSk; fyq;fpapUg;gijf; fz;Nld;.

âFK

fh\;kPu; rpWfijV.[p. mj;jhu;

jkpopy; - vk;.up\hd; n\uPg;

ad;dypD}Nl ntspNa

ghu;f;Fk;gb mtu;fs; vdf;Ff;

$wpdu;. ehd; mjidf;

fz;Zw;Nwd;. vdJ rNf-

hjudpd; clyhdJ xU

rtg;ngl;bapy;

itf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.

'vd;idg; Nghf tpLq;fs;.

vdJ rNfhjudpd; Kfj;ijg; ghu;f;f tpLq;fs;.

vdJ ,Wjp kupahijiar; nrYj;j tpLq;fs;.

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? mtu; vdJ rNfhjud;."

fhyQ;nrd;wtu; vdJ rNfhjud; vd;gij jhk;

ed;fwpNthk; vd mtu;fs; $wpdu;. vdpDk; mtuJ

,Wjpf; fpupiafspy; gq;Fnfhs;s vdf;F

,lkspf;f KbahnjdTk; mtu;fs; mwpaj;

je;jdu;.

'vk;khy; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ" vd mtu;fs;

$wpdu;.

'cq;fs; mjpfhupfsplkpUe;J mDkjp thq;fpf;

nfhLq;fs;" vdj; jho;ikahff; Nfl;Nld;.

'mtu;fshYk; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ" vd

mtu;fs; gjpyspj;jdu;.

'mt;thnwdpy; mjpfhupfspd; jiytu;fsplkpUe;J

vdf;F mDkjp thq;fpf; nfhLq;fs;."

'mtu;fshYk; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ" vd;gNj

vdf;Ff; fpilj;j gjpyhf ,Ue;jJ.

'mJTk; mt;thnwdpy; vdf;F cjtp nra;af;

$batu; ahu;? mjpfhuk; ahuplk; ,Uf;fpwJ?"

'mJ vkf;Ff; $lj; njupahJ."

------------------------------------


ehd; ,e;jpaf; fhtyuizf; fle;J Ntfkhf

ele;J nrd;Nwd;. mJ kj;jpahd Neuk;. vtUk;

njd;gltpy;iy. rpyNtis mtu;fs; cwq;fpf;

nfhz;bUf;ff; $Lk;. mt;thwpy;iynadpy;

Xa;ntLj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;ff; $Lk;. eLg;gfypy;

ve;jnthU kdpj [PtuhrpAk; Njrj;jpd; vy;iyiaf;

fle;J nry;tnud mtu;fs; epidj;Jf; $lg;

ghu;j;jpUf;f khl;lhu;fs;. tpau;it topa ehd;

Gifapujnkhd;iwg; Nghy Ntfkhf XbNdd;.

vdJ rNfhjudpd; Kfk; vdJ fz;nzjpNu

Njhd;WfpwJ. mtuJ epiyik gLNkhrkhdnjd

jfty; je;jtu; $wpapUe;jhu;. ePyk; Mw;wq;fiuapy;

jdJ ,y;yj;jpy; trpf;Fk; mtDf;F jdnjd;W

nrhy;yf; $ba vtUk; mq;fpy;iy.

ehd; Mw;wq;fiuapy; ,e;jpahTf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd

gFjpapy; trpj;J te;Njd;. vdJ rNfhjud; Mw;wpd;

vjpu;g;Gwj;jpy; ghfp];jhDf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd fiuapy;

trpj;J te;jhd;. 'mtu; Raepidtw;w epiyapYk;

cq;fs; ngaiuNa $wpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;' vd

jfty; je;jtu; $wpapUe;jhu;. mt;thwhd

jftnyhd;W fpilj;j gpd;du; ehd; mikjpahf

,Ug;gJ vt;thW? vt;thwhapDk; xNu ,uj;jj;jpy;

cz;lhd ge;jk; ,J.

ehd; 'mj;kfhk;' ghyj;ij neUq;fpNdd;. vdJ

rNfhjudpd; tPL Nenujpu;g; Gwj;jpy;

mike;jpUe;jJ. mjid neUq;f vdf;F Ie;J

epkplq;fs; khj;jpuNk vLf;Fk;. jpUlidg; Nghy

tyJf;Fk; ,lJf;Fk; vdJ ghu;itiar; nrYj;jpa

ehd;> vd;idNa ijupag;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L

Njrj;jpd; vy;iyiaf; fle;J nry;y Kad;Nwd;.

vdpDk;> rpy mbr;RtLfisg; gjpj;J Kd;Ndwpr;

nry;ifapy; gyj;j rg;jj;NjhL $f;FuypLk;

Xiriaf; Nfl;Nld;.

'epy;!'

ehd; nra;tjwpahJ mt;tplj;jpNyNa rpiyahf

epd;Nwd;. Kd;Nd ghu;j;j vdf;F> Jg;ghf;fpia

ePl;bagb vd;id Nehf;fp te;Jnfhz;bUe;j

,uz;L ,uhZt tPuu;fs; njd;gl;ldu;.

',e;jpandhUtd;" vd vdJ Kf yl;rzj;ijg;

ghu;j;j xU ,uhZt tPud; fj;jpdhd;.

'ifJ nra; mtid" vd mLj;jtd; fj;jpdhd;.

',y;iy...,y;iy... Iah ehd; ,e;jpadpy;iy. mNj

Nghy ghfp];jhdpaDk; ,y;iy. ehndhU

fh\;kPu;thrp. mNjh mq;Nf NfudpypUf;Fk; rpwpa

tPnlhd;W njd;gLfpwJ my;yth? mJjhd; vdJ

tPL. Mw;wpd; kWfiuapypUf;Fk; me;jr; rpwpa tPLk;

njd;gLfpwJ my;yth? mq;Nfjhd; vdJ

rNfhjud; trpf;fpwhu;. mtu; cly;epiy

ghjpf;fg;gl;L kpfTk; Nkhrkhd epiyapy;

,Uf;fpwhu;. mtUf;nfd;W $w mq;F ahUk;

,y;iy. mtuJ cjtpf;F ahuhtJ tUk;gb

jftnyhd;W fpilj;jJ. Iah> jaTnra;J vdf;F

xU miu kzpj;jpahyk; nfhLq;fs;. mtUf;F

vg;gbapUf;fpwnjdg; ghu;j;J> Kbe;jhy;

kUe;JfSk; thq;fpf; nfhLj;J..rpyNtis mJ

jz;zPu; khj;jpukhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;...mijf;

nfhLj;Jtpl;L tUfpNwd;."

vdJ fOj;jpy; Jg;ghf;fpg; gpbahy;

jhf;fg;gl;Nld;. vdJ ,U ghjq;fSf;Ff; fPNo

G+kp mjpu;tijg; Nghy czu;e;Njd;. mtu;fs;

vd;id mtu;fsJ gq;fUf;F ,Oj;Jr; nrd;wdu;.

',e;jpandhUtd; - vjpup csthspnahUtd;" vd

,d;DnkhU ,uhZt tPud; vd;idg; ghu;j;Jf;

$wpdhd;. mjidj; njhlu;e;J mtu;fs;

rpj;jputijfs; nra;a Muk;gpj;jdu;. ehd;

ghfp];jhDf;F vjpuhf NtT ghu;f;f te;j ,e;jpa

csthspnahUtndd thf;F%ykspf;Fk;gb

mtu;fs; vd;id kpul;bdu;.

ehd; vjid thf;F%ykspg;gJ? ehd; vdJ

rNfhjudpd; vjpupnadf; $w ,aYkh?

vdJ rNfhjudpd; tPl;bw;F mz;ikapy;

mike;jpUe;j mtu;fsJ jiyikafj;Jf;F

vd;idf; nfhz;L nrd;wdu;. jpUk;gTk; ehd;

nfQ;rpNdd;.

'jaT nra;Aq;fs; Iah. vdJ rNfhjud; mLj;j

tPl;by;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhu;. mtuJ cly;epiy kpfTk;

Nkhrkhd epiyapy; cs;sJ. Iah> vdf;F

iftpyq;fpl;lhYk; guthapy;iy. mjNdhL

vd;id mtuplk; nry;y mDkjpAq;fs;. mtUf;F

vg;gbapUf;fpwnjd tprhupf;ff; fpilj;jhYk;

NghJk;" vdpDk; mtu;fs; nrtpkLf;ftpy;iy. vdJ

efq;fisg; gpLq;fpa mtu;fs;> mf; fhaq;fspd;

Nky; cg;gpl;ldu;. ehd; kaf;fKw;Nwd;...

vdJ rNfhjud; kpFe;j rpukj;NjhL Rthrpj;jgb>

jz;zPu; Nfl;L KdFk; Xir vdf;Ff; Nfl;lJ.

vdJ rNfhjuDf;F mz;ikapy; ehd; nfhz;L

tug;gl;Ls;Nsd; vd;gjid czu;e;Njd;. vdpDk;

vdf;F tpyq;fpl;L rq;fpypahy; fl;lg;gl;bUe;Njd;.

Rw;wptu vq;NfANk jz;zPu; njd;gltpy;iy. if

tpyq;fpd; $upa Kidnahd;wpy; vdJ ,lJ

ifia ntl;bf; nfhz;Nld;. ifapd;

ntl;Lg;gl;l ,lj;jpypUe;J FUjp ngUf;nfLj;Jg;

gha;e;jJ. tyJ cs;sq;ifiaf; Ftpj;J mf; FUj-

piar; Nrkpj;J vdJ rNfhjudpd; jhfj;ijj;

jzpf;f Kad;Nwd;. vdpDk; vdJ iffs;

tpyq;fplg;gl;bUe;j fhuzj;jhy; vdJ rNf-

hjudpd; cjLfis vd;dhy; neUq;FtJ rpukkhf

,Ue;jJ. ,Wjpapy; jz;zPu; Nfl;L ,Wjp

Kdfnyhd;iw ntspg;gLj;jpa mtu;

mikjpaile;jhu;. ehd; mOJ muw;wpNdd;.

'vy;yhk; Kbe;J tpl;lJ. Mz;ltdpd; ,uhrjhdp

cile;J tPo;e;J tpl;lJ. kdpj vz;zq;fs; ahTk;

mope;J tpl;ld. rNfhjundhUtd;> jdJ

rNfhjuDf;Nf vjpupahfp tpl;lhd;."

jpLf;fpl;L vOe;j ehd; ,uhZt tPuu;fspd;

tpopfSk; fyq;fpapUg;gijf; fz;Nld;.

vOj;jhsu; gw;wpa Fwpg;GvOj;jhsu; mg;Jy; fdp mj;jhu;> [k;K fh\;kPu; fy;tpj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; fPo; gzpGupAk; xU Mrpupau;. ,tu; ftpijfs;> rpWfijfs;> ehlfg; gpujpfs; Mfptw;iw vOjpapUf;fpwhu;. rpWfijj; njhFg;nghd;iwAk; ntspapl;bUf;fpwhu;.

ad;dypD}Nl ntspNa

ghu;f;Fk;gb mtu;fs; vdf;Ff;

$wpdu;. ehd; mjidf;

fz;Zw;Nwd;. vdJ rNf-

hjudpd; clyhdJ xU

rtg;ngl;bapy;

itf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.

'vd;idg; Nghf tpLq;fs;.

vdJ rNfhjudpd; Kfj;ijg; ghu;f;f tpLq;fs;.

vdJ ,Wjp kupahijiar; nrYj;j tpLq;fs;.

cq;fSf;Fj; njupAkh? mtu; vdJ rNfhjud;."

fhyQ;nrd;wtu; vdJ rNfhjud; vd;gij jhk;

ed;fwpNthk; vd mtu;fs; $wpdu;. vdpDk; mtuJ

,Wjpf; fpupiafspy; gq;Fnfhs;s vdf;F

,lkspf;f KbahnjdTk; mtu;fs; mwpaj;

je;jdu;.

'vk;khy; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ" vd mtu;fs;

$wpdu;.

'cq;fs; mjpfhupfsplkpUe;J mDkjp thq;fpf;

nfhLq;fs;" vdj; jho;ikahff; Nfl;Nld;.

'mtu;fshYk; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ" vd

mtu;fs; gjpyspj;jdu;.

'mt;thnwdpy; mjpfhupfspd; jiytu;fsplkpUe;J

vdf;F mDkjp thq;fpf; nfhLq;fs;."

'mtu;fshYk; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ" vd;gNj

vdf;Ff; fpilj;j gjpyhf ,Ue;jJ.

'mJTk; mt;thnwdpy; vdf;F cjtp nra;af;

$batu; ahu;? mjpfhuk; ahuplk; ,Uf;fpwJ?"

'mJ vkf;Ff; $lj; njupahJ."

------------------------------------

âFK

,yq;ifau; jkJ murpay; xl;ba

jhd gpur;rpidfis> ,Ug;G

rk;ge;jkhd gpur;rpidfis ,d

milahsj;jpd; %yk; jPu;f;f Kw;g

Lk;NghJ ehKk; jiy epkpu;e;J

ehk; Nrhdfu; vd;w milah

sj;jpy; mjw;F Kfk; nfhLg;Nghk;.

mNj Neuk; ,yq;ifau; jk; gpur;

rpidfis rka milahsj;jpd;

Clhf jPu;f;f Kw;gLk; NghJ

ehk; K];ypk;fs; vd;W jiy

epkpu;e;J $WNthk;. ehq;fs; rf

ehl;L kf;fis Fog;gj;JFs;

K];ypk;: Nfs;tpf;Fs;shFk; milahsk;! 48k; gf;f njhlh;r;rp...

itj;jpUf;f Kayf; $lhJ. mNj

Nghy; ehk; ve;jtpj ghFghl;

Lf;Nfh my;yJ neUf;Fthuq;f

Sf;Nfh MshFNthk; vd;w gaKk;

Njitapy;iy.

,yq;if ,U ,d ehly;y. mJ

gy;ypd ehL vd;gij epiy

ehl;LNthk;. mjpy; rpq;fstu;

ngUk;ghd;ik vd;gijAk;> mLj;

jtu; jkpou; vd;gijAk;> mjw;F

mLj;jtu; ehk; vd;gijAk; (rdj;

njhif jutupir khWk; tha;g;Gk;

cz;L)> mjw;F mLj;jtu; gwq;fp

au; vd;gijAk; ,tu;fSf;Fg;

gpd;dhy; ,d;Dk; rpW> rpW ,d

FOkq;fs; ,yq;ifapy; cs;sij

fUj;jpy; vLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ekJ

,d milahsj;ij Kd; epiyg;g

Lj;Jtjhy; ehk; ,of;fg; NghtJ

xd;Wkpy;iy. Mdhy; rupahd ,d

milahsk; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; ehk;

,of;f mjpfKz;L vd;gij fUj;

jpy; vLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

...

...

rh;tNjrk;


,dg;gLnfhiyfshy; #og;gl;Ls;s

kpad;khh; K];ypk;fs;

gh;kh vd;wiof;fg;gl;l jw;Nghija kpad;khh; gpupj;jhdpa fhydpj;Jtj;jpypUe;J tpLgl;L> gpd; ,e;jpahtpd; xU gFjpahf MSiff;Fl;gl;bUe;jJ. 1948k; Mz;L xU Rje;jpu ehlhf gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 1988 tiu xU ,uhZt rh;tjpfhu Ml;rpapd; gpbapypUe;j kpad;khh;> [dehaf Ml;rpKiwf;F jpUk;gp tpl;lJ vd nrhy;yg;gl;lhYk; mJ jdJ ehl;bd; jiytuhf xU Kd;dhs; ,uhZtj; jsgjpia nfhz;Ls;sNjhL xU kiwKf rh;tjpfhu Ml;rpNa mq;F ele;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.

xU gf;fk; tq;fhsf; fliyAk; kW gf;fq;fspy; rPdh> gq;fshNj\;> jha;yhe;J> ,e;jpah Mfpa ehLfis vy;iyfshff; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kpad;khh; epy mstpy; ,yq;ifia tpl gj;J klq;F ngupajhfTk; > rdj;njhifapy; %d;W klq;fhfTk; fhzg;gLfpwJ. 15 gpuhe;jpaq;fisAk;> 135 ,df;FOf;fisf; nfhz;l ,e;ehL ngUk;ghd;ikahf ngsj;jh;fisAk;> ,uz;lhtJ ,dq;fshf fpwp];jt kw;Wk; K];ypk; kf;fisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. rdj;njhifapy; 22 ,yl;rk; K];ypk;fs; tho;fpd;wdh;. ,th;fspy; ,yl;rk; Ngh; Nuhfpq;ah ,df;FOitr; Nrh;e;jth;fshFk;.

kpad;khh; xd;wpa FbauR

jiyefuk; : ieg;gpapj;njs

muR : ,uhZt muR

gpujkh; : ijd; ird;

gug;gsT: 6>76>578 fp.kP

kf;fs; njhif: 61 kp. (2010)

ngsj;jh;fs; : 89%

fpwp];jth;fs; : 4%

,];yhkpah;fs; : 4%

,df;FOf;fs; : 135

- Wkhdh -


rl;l uPjpahf mq;fPfupf;fg;glhj ,df;FOthf kpad;khupy; ,Uf; Fk; Nuhfpq;ah kf;fspy; Vida gFjpapdh; ,d;Wk; gq;shNj\;> ghfp];jhd;> jha;yhe;J> kNyrpa Mfpa ehLfspYk; tho;e;J tUfpd; wdh;.

1982k; Mz;L cUthf;fg;gl;l kpad;khupd; FbAupikr;rl;lj;jpy; Nuhfpq;ah ,dj;jth;fSf;F FbA upik kWf;fg;gl;bUe;jJld; jw; Nghija murhq;fj;jhy; mth;fs; rl;ltpNuhj FbfshfNt fUjg;gL fpd;wdh;.

mj;NjhL fle;j tUlk; [{iy khjk; ehl;bd; jiyth; nja;d; nra;d; Nuhfpq;ahf;fis ve;j ehL

Vw;fKd;te;jhYk; jhd; mth;fis mDg;GTjw;F jahh; vd;W rh;tNj rj;jpw;F njuptpj;jpUe;jik Rl;bf; fhl;lj;jf;fJ.

kdpjFyk; jiyFdpAkstpw;F ,lk;ngw;Wf ;nfhz;bUf;fpd;w kpad;khupd; ,dr;Rj;jpfupg;gpw;F Kd;dUk; ntt;NtW fhyq;fspy; gy ,df;fytuq;fs; gy E}W caph;fisg; gwpj;Js;sd. fle;j 10 tUlq;fSf;Fs; khj;jpuk; 3000w;Fk; mjpfkhd rpwpa fpuhkq;fs; ,df;f ytuq;fshy; mopf;fg;gl;Ls;sJld; ,Jtiu fhyKk; Nuhfpq;ah K]; ypk;fis kpad;khh; murhq;fk; mbikj; njhopyhsh;fshfNt elhj;jpAk; tUfpd;wJ.

Nuhfpq;ah ,dj;jth;fis ehlw;w th;fshfTk;> cyfpy; mjpfstpy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l rpWghd;ikapduh

fTk; If;fpa ehLfs; rig 2012y; gpufldg;gLj;jpaJ. Nuhfpq;ahf;fs; cl;gl 2 kpy;ypaDf;Fk; mjp-fkhd K];ypk;fs; thOk; kpad;kh upy; jw;NghJ K];ypk;fspd; vjph;fh yk; Nfs;tpf;Fs;shf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

fle;j tUlk; Nk khjk; xU uhf;ifd; gpupTg; ngz;id %d;W Nuhfpq;ah K];ypk;fs; ghypay; ty;Ywtpw;Fl;gLj;jpdhh;fs; vd;w rhl;by; mth;fisf; ifJ nra;j rk;gtj;JlNdNa ,t;td;Kiwfs; Muk;gkhfpaJ. mr;rk;gtk; ,lk;ngw;W 10 ehl;fspd; gpd; xU g]; tz;bapy; itj;J 10 K];ypk; fs; nfhûkhd Kiwapy; nfhy; yg;gl;ldh;. mjidj; njhlh;e;J

[{d; khjk; KOtJk; ehl;bd; gy ghfq;fspYk; td;Kiwfs; ntbj;jJld; uhf;ifd;(muf;fhd;) gpuhe;jpak; ghJfhg;G tyakhf mwptpf;fg;gl;L mur gilfspd; iffspy; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. mg; gpuhe;jpaj;jpNyNa mjpfkhd gL nfhiyfSk;> ghypay; ty;YwTr; rk;gtq;fSk; gjpthfpAs;sd. 15w;F Nkw;gl;l gs;spthay;fSk; 9 tpfhiufSk; jPf;fpiuahf;fg;gl; Ls;sjhf jfty;fs; njuptpf;fpd;wd.

fle;j tUl [{d; khjj;jpw;Fs; 20w;F Nkw;gl;l fpuhkq;fspYs;s 3500w;Fk; mjpfkhd tPLfs; Kw;whf jPapl;Lf; nfhSj;jg;gl;l Jld; 650w;Fk; mjpfkhd Nuhfpq; ahf;fs; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;. ,jpy; 1000w;Fk; mjpfkhdth;fs; fhzhky; NghAs;sjhf If;fpa ,uhr;rpa

gh;kh Nuhfpq;ah mikg;G (Burmese Rohingya Organisation UK (BROUK)) njuptpj;Js;sJ.

mNefkhd td;Kiwr; rk;gtq;fs; gs;spthay;fspy; tzf;ftopghL fspd; NghNj ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJld; ghypay; ty;YwT> nfhs;isr; rk;gtq;fSk; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. ahd; nja; vDk; fpuhkj;jpy; xU nts;spf;fpoikad;W gs;spthaypy; njhOJnfhz;bUe;j K];ypk;fs; kPJ kpfTk; nfhûkhd jhf;Fj ypy; 70 Ngh; xNu jlitapy; capU ld; jPapy; vupf;fg;gl;l rk;gtKk; mwpf;iffspy; gjpthfpAs;sJ. mj; NjhL kpad;khh; jiyefuq;fspy; K];ypk;fsJ filfs; nrhj;Jf;fs;

R+iwahlg;gl;l Mjhuq;fSk; ntspahfpAs;sd.

td;KiwfspypUe;J jg;gpa Mapuf; fzf;fhd kf;fs; jq;fsJ capiuf; fhg;ghw;w mUfpYs;s ehLfspw;Fs; Eioe;jpUf;fpd;wdh;. 15 glFfspy; nrd;w 1500 Nuhfpq;ah kf;fis gq;shNj\; murhq;fk; flypy; itj;Nj jpUg;gp mDg;gpAs;sJ. ,e;jpah> jha;yhe;J Mfpa ehLfs; kpad;khh; mfjpfs; Eiotijj; jLf;f jq;fsJ vy;iy fSf;F gyj;j fhtypl;bUf;fpwJ.

mq;F ,lk;ngw;WtUk; td;Kiw fspy; nfhy;yg;gl;lth;fspd; vz; zpf;if> Nrjq;fspd; tpguq;fs; kh;kkhfTk;> vz;dpylq;fhjit ahfTk; ,Ug;gjhf Fw;wr;rhl; Lfs; Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ.

mjpfkhd td;Kiwfs; mur MjuTld; nraw;gLk; 969 vd;w rpd;dj;ijAila xU ngsj;j jPtputhj MAjf;FOtpduhNyNa Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;LtUfpd;wJ. ,t; mikg;gpy; mjpfkhd ngsj;j kjFUkhh;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wdh;.

td;KiwfSf;Fk; nfhûq;fSf; Fk; mur gilfs; cjTtJld; midj;Jr; rk;gtq;fSk; rhjhuz kf;fisf; nfhz;Lk; mth;fsJ md;whl ghtidg; nghUl;fshd fj;jp> Nfhlhup Nghd;w MAjq; fisf; nfhz;LNk jpl;lkpl;L elhj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ,J rh;tNjrj; jpd; ftdj;ijj; jpUg;g kpad;khh; murhq;fk; Nkw;nfhz;bUe;j jpl; lk; vd;gjpYk; vt;tpj re;NjfK kpy;iy. ehq;fs; K];ypk;fSf;F tpahghuk; nra;tjpy;iy> mth;fSld; goFt jpy;iy> mth;fis ehl;il tpl;L ntspNaw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;w gy; NtW ,d tpNuhjf; Fuy;fs; rh;tNjr Clf mikg;Gf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fzpg;G tPbNahf;fspy; gjp thfpapUf;fpwJ. ,Ue;j NghjpYk; xU ngsj;j kjFU my;[rPuhtpw;F toq;fpa nrt;tpapy; murhq;fNk jdJ Ml;rpia ,uhZtkakhf;f> gyg;gLj;j ,t;thW nraw;gLtjh fTk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;.

kpad;khh; murhq;fk; rh;tNjr kdpj cupik kw;Wk; epthuz mikg;Gf;fSf;F jpwe;j miog;G tpLj;jpUe;j NghjpYk; mt; murhq;fk; Nghjpa xj;Jiog; Gf;fis toq;ftpy;iy. khwhf [{d; 21012y; 10 I.eh (UNHCR) mjpfhupfis ifJ nra;jpUe;jJ.

muG yPf; cl;gl xU rpy K];ypk; ehLfs; ,e;j epiyia fz;bj;J s;sJld; gy;NtW cs;ehl;Lr; nra;jpfs; nfhy;yg;gl;lth;fs; 650 Fk; mjpfk; vd;Wk; mjpfkhdth; fis jPapy; vupj;Jtpl;ljhy; Map uf;fzf;fhdth;fis fhztpy;iy vd;Wk; nra;jp ntspapl;Ls;sJ. ,t;td;Kiwfspd; fhuzkhf fle;j khjk; tiu 1100 Nuhfpq; ahf;fs; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L rpiw apy; rpj;jputijf;Fs;shf;fg;gLt jhfTk;> 125000w;Fk; Nkw;gl;l th;fs; tPLfis ,oe;Js;sjhfTk; `pA+kd; iul;]; Nthl;r; njuptpj;Js;sJ.

td;Kiwapdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l 1 kpy;ypadpw;Fk; mjpfkhd mfjpfs; Kfhk;fspy; jq;fpapUf;fpd;wdh;. gq;shNj\pw;F nry;y Kl;gl;l th;fspd; glF ftpo;e;J caph;fs; gwpNghAs;sJ.

te;NjW FbfSf;F ,q;F ,lkpy;iy> mth;fis nfhy;y Ntz;Lk;> Juj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W Muk;gkhfpa Nfh\q;fs; jw;NghJ

K];ypk;fspd; vz;dpf;if mjpfupf; fpwJ> K];ypk;fs; gh;kpa kf;fis kjkhw;Wfpwhh;fs; vd;W jpl;lkpl;L jpir jpUg;gg;gl;bUg;gJld; ,d;W tiu ,e;epiy njhlh;fpwJ. ,e; epiyikia Muha kpad;khh; murhq;fk; epakpj;j fkp\d; njup tpj;j gupe;Jiu vd;d njupAkh? 'K];ypk;fspd; rdj;njhif mjpfhupg; Ng Gj;j kjj;jpdUldhd Nkhj Yf;F fhuzk;> mth;fspilNa fl;lhakhd FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;il mKy;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;gJld; mg;gFjpapy; cs;s ,uhZtj;jpd; vz;zpf;ifia ,uz;L klq;fhf mjpfupf;f Ntz;LnkdTk;" gupe;J iuj;jpUf;fpwJ.

xU gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; xU ,df;FOtpw;F vjpuhf Muk;gpf; fg;gl;l ,t;td;Kiwfs; jw;NghJ kpad;khupYs;s xl;Lnkhj;j K]; ypk;fisAk; Fwpitj;Js;sJ. mq; Fs;s K];ypk;fspd; tho;T ,dg; gLnfhiyfshy; R+og;gl;Ls;sNj cz;ik epytukhFk;. ,e;j ,d mopg;gpy; kpad;khh; muR> ngsj;j gpf;Ffs;> cs;Sh; murpay;thjpfs;> mur mjpfhupfs;> ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdh;> jdpahh;fs; xd;wpiz e;J nraw;gLtJ kpfj; njspthdJ vd kdpj cupik Mh;tyh;fs; njuptpj;Js;sdh;.

kj;jpa fpof;F ehLfspd; rpwpa mirTfis clDf;Fld; glk; gpbj;Jf;fhl;Lk; rh;tNjr Clfq; fSk;> jPtputhjj;ij xLf;Ffpd; Nwhk; vd;W mNugpa ehLfspy; mg;ghtp caph;fisf; nfhd;W Ftpf;Fk; Nkw;Fg;gilfSk; kpad; khh; tplaj;jpy; ftdaPdkhf ,Ug;gjd; cs;Nehf;fq;fSk; ehk; kpfj; njspthf mwpe;jNj.

fle;j tUl [{d; khjj;jpw;Fs; 20w;F Nkw;gl;l fpuhkq;fspYs;s 3500w;Fk; mjpfkhd tPLfs; Kw;whf jPapl;Lf;

nfhSj;jg;gl;lJld; 650w;Fk;mjpfkhd Nuhfpq;ahf;fs;

nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;. ,jpy; 1000w;Fk; mjpfkhdth;fs; fhzky;

NghAs;sjhf If;fpa ,uhr;rpa gh;kh Nuhfpq;ah mikg;G njuptpj;Js;sJ.


rl;l uPjpahf mq;fPfupf;fg;glhj ,df;FOthf kpad;khupy; ,Uf; Fk; Nuhfpq;ah kf;fspy; Vida gFjpapdh; ,d;Wk; gq;shNj\;> ghfp];jhd;> jha;yhe;J> kNyrpa Mfpa ehLfspYk; tho;e;J tUfpd; wdh;.

1982k; Mz;L cUthf;fg;gl;l kpad;khupd; FbAupikr;rl;lj;jpy; Nuhfpq;ah ,dj;jth;fSf;F FbA upik kWf;fg;gl;bUe;jJld; jw; Nghija murhq;fj;jhy; mth;fs; rl;ltpNuhj FbfshfNt fUjg;gL fpd;wdh;.

mj;NjhL fle;j tUlk; [{iy khjk; ehl;bd; jiyth; nja;d; nra;d; Nuhfpq;ahf;fis ve;j ehL

Vw;fKd;te;jhYk; jhd; mth;fis mDg;GTjw;F jahh; vd;W rh;tNj rj;jpw;F njuptpj;jpUe;jik Rl;bf; fhl;lj;jf;fJ.

kdpjFyk; jiyFdpAkstpw;F ,lk;ngw;Wf ;nfhz;bUf;fpd;w kpad;khupd; ,dr;Rj;jpfupg;gpw;F Kd;dUk; ntt;NtW fhyq;fspy; gy ,df;fytuq;fs; gy E}W caph;fisg; gwpj;Js;sd. fle;j 10 tUlq;fSf;Fs; khj;jpuk; 3000w;Fk; mjpfkhd rpwpa fpuhkq;fs; ,df;f ytuq;fshy; mopf;fg;gl;Ls;sJld; ,Jtiu fhyKk; Nuhfpq;ah K]; ypk;fis kpad;khh; murhq;fk; mbikj; njhopyhsh;fshfNt elhj;jpAk; tUfpd;wJ.

Nuhfpq;ah ,dj;jth;fis ehlw;w th;fshfTk;> cyfpy; mjpfstpy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l rpWghd;ikapduh

fTk; If;fpa ehLfs; rig 2012y; gpufldg;gLj;jpaJ. Nuhfpq;ahf;fs; cl;gl 2 kpy;ypaDf;Fk; mjp-fkhd K];ypk;fs; thOk; kpad;kh upy; jw;NghJ K];ypk;fspd; vjph;fh yk; Nfs;tpf;Fs;shf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

fle;j tUlk; Nk khjk; xU uhf;ifd; gpupTg; ngz;id %d;W Nuhfpq;ah K];ypk;fs; ghypay; ty;Ywtpw;Fl;gLj;jpdhh;fs; vd;w rhl;by; mth;fisf; ifJ nra;j rk;gtj;JlNdNa ,t;td;Kiwfs; Muk;gkhfpaJ. mr;rk;gtk; ,lk;ngw;W 10 ehl;fspd; gpd; xU g]; tz;bapy; itj;J 10 K];ypk; fs; nfhûkhd Kiwapy; nfhy; yg;gl;ldh;. mjidj; njhlh;e;J

[{d; khjk; KOtJk; ehl;bd; gy ghfq;fspYk; td;Kiwfs; ntbj;jJld; uhf;ifd;(muf;fhd;) gpuhe;jpak; ghJfhg;G tyakhf mwptpf;fg;gl;L mur gilfspd; iffspy; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. mg; gpuhe;jpaj;jpNyNa mjpfkhd gL nfhiyfSk;> ghypay; ty;YwTr; rk;gtq;fSk; gjpthfpAs;sd. 15w;F Nkw;gl;l gs;spthay;fSk; 9 tpfhiufSk; jPf;fpiuahf;fg;gl; Ls;sjhf jfty;fs; njuptpf;fpd;wd.

fle;j tUl [{d; khjj;jpw;Fs; 20w;F Nkw;gl;l fpuhkq;fspYs;s 3500w;Fk; mjpfkhd tPLfs; Kw;whf jPapl;Lf; nfhSj;jg;gl;l Jld; 650w;Fk; mjpfkhd Nuhfpq; ahf;fs; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;. ,jpy; 1000w;Fk; mjpfkhdth;fs; fhzhky; NghAs;sjhf If;fpa ,uhr;rpa

gh;kh Nuhfpq;ah mikg;G (Burmese Rohingya Organisation UK (BROUK)) njuptpj;Js;sJ.

mNefkhd td;Kiwr; rk;gtq;fs; gs;spthay;fspy; tzf;ftopghL fspd; NghNj ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJld; ghypay; ty;YwT> nfhs;isr; rk;gtq;fSk; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. ahd; nja; vDk; fpuhkj;jpy; xU nts;spf;fpoikad;W gs;spthaypy; njhOJnfhz;bUe;j K];ypk;fs; kPJ kpfTk; nfhûkhd jhf;Fj ypy; 70 Ngh; xNu jlitapy; capU ld; jPapy; vupf;fg;gl;l rk;gtKk; mwpf;iffspy; gjpthfpAs;sJ. mj; NjhL kpad;khh; jiyefuq;fspy; K];ypk;fsJ filfs; nrhj;Jf;fs;

R+iwahlg;gl;l Mjhuq;fSk; ntspahfpAs;sd.

td;KiwfspypUe;J jg;gpa Mapuf; fzf;fhd kf;fs; jq;fsJ capiuf; fhg;ghw;w mUfpYs;s ehLfspw;Fs; Eioe;jpUf;fpd;wdh;. 15 glFfspy; nrd;w 1500 Nuhfpq;ah kf;fis gq;shNj\; murhq;fk; flypy; itj;Nj jpUg;gp mDg;gpAs;sJ. ,e;jpah> jha;yhe;J Mfpa ehLfs; kpad;khh; mfjpfs; Eiotijj; jLf;f jq;fsJ vy;iy fSf;F gyj;j fhtypl;bUf;fpwJ.

mq;F ,lk;ngw;WtUk; td;Kiw fspy; nfhy;yg;gl;lth;fspd; vz; zpf;if> Nrjq;fspd; tpguq;fs; kh;kkhfTk;> vz;dpylq;fhjit ahfTk; ,Ug;gjhf Fw;wr;rhl; Lfs; Kd;itf;fg;gLfpwJ.

mjpfkhd td;Kiwfs; mur MjuTld; nraw;gLk; 969 vd;w rpd;dj;ijAila xU ngsj;j jPtputhj MAjf;FOtpduhNyNa Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;LtUfpd;wJ. ,t; mikg;gpy; mjpfkhd ngsj;j kjFUkhh;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wdh;.

td;KiwfSf;Fk; nfhûq;fSf; Fk; mur gilfs; cjTtJld; midj;Jr; rk;gtq;fSk; rhjhuz kf;fisf; nfhz;Lk; mth;fsJ md;whl ghtidg; nghUl;fshd fj;jp> Nfhlhup Nghd;w MAjq; fisf; nfhz;LNk jpl;lkpl;L elhj;jg;gLfpd;wd. ,J rh;tNjrj; jpd; ftdj;ijj; jpUg;g kpad;khh; murhq;fk; Nkw;nfhz;bUe;j jpl; lk; vd;gjpYk; vt;tpj re;NjfK kpy;iy. ehq;fs; K];ypk;fSf;F tpahghuk; nra;tjpy;iy> mth;fSld; goFt jpy;iy> mth;fis ehl;il tpl;L ntspNaw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;w gy; NtW ,d tpNuhjf; Fuy;fs; rh;tNjr Clf mikg;Gf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fzpg;G tPbNahf;fspy; gjp thfpapUf;fpwJ. ,Ue;j NghjpYk; xU ngsj;j kjFU my;[rPuhtpw;F toq;fpa nrt;tpapy; murhq;fNk jdJ Ml;rpia ,uhZtkakhf;f> gyg;gLj;j ,t;thW nraw;gLtjh fTk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;.

kpad;khh; murhq;fk; rh;tNjr kdpj cupik kw;Wk; epthuz mikg;Gf;fSf;F jpwe;j miog;G tpLj;jpUe;j NghjpYk; mt; murhq;fk; Nghjpa xj;Jiog; Gf;fis toq;ftpy;iy. khwhf [{d; 21012y; 10 I.eh (UNHCR) mjpfhupfis ifJ nra;jpUe;jJ.

muG yPf; cl;gl xU rpy K];ypk; ehLfs; ,e;j epiyia fz;bj;J s;sJld; gy;NtW cs;ehl;Lr; nra;jpfs; nfhy;yg;gl;lth;fs; 650 Fk; mjpfk; vd;Wk; mjpfkhdth; fis jPapy; vupj;Jtpl;ljhy; Map uf;fzf;fhdth;fis fhztpy;iy vd;Wk; nra;jp ntspapl;Ls;sJ. ,t;td;Kiwfspd; fhuzkhf fle;j khjk; tiu 1100 Nuhfpq; ahf;fs; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L rpiw apy; rpj;jputijf;Fs;shf;fg;gLt jhfTk;> 125000w;Fk; Nkw;gl;l th;fs; tPLfis ,oe;Js;sjhfTk; `pA+kd; iul;]; Nthl;r; njuptpj;Js;sJ.

td;Kiwapdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l 1 kpy;ypadpw;Fk; mjpfkhd mfjpfs; Kfhk;fspy; jq;fpapUf;fpd;wdh;. gq;shNj\pw;F nry;y Kl;gl;l th;fspd; glF ftpo;e;J caph;fs; gwpNghAs;sJ.

te;NjW FbfSf;F ,q;F ,lkpy;iy> mth;fis nfhy;y Ntz;Lk;> Juj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W Muk;gkhfpa Nfh\q;fs; jw;NghJ

K];ypk;fspd; vz;dpf;if mjpfupf; fpwJ> K];ypk;fs; gh;kpa kf;fis kjkhw;Wfpwhh;fs; vd;W jpl;lkpl;L jpir jpUg;gg;gl;bUg;gJld; ,d;W tiu ,e;epiy njhlh;fpwJ. ,e; epiyikia Muha kpad;khh; murhq;fk; epakpj;j fkp\d; njup tpj;j gupe;Jiu vd;d njupAkh? 'K];ypk;fspd; rdj;njhif mjpfhupg; Ng Gj;j kjj;jpdUldhd Nkhj Yf;F fhuzk;> mth;fspilNa fl;lhakhd FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;il mKy;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;gJld; mg;gFjpapy; cs;s ,uhZtj;jpd; vz;zpf;ifia ,uz;L klq;fhf mjpfupf;f Ntz;LnkdTk;" gupe;J iuj;jpUf;fpwJ.

xU gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; xU ,df;FOtpw;F vjpuhf Muk;gpf; fg;gl;l ,t;td;Kiwfs; jw;NghJ kpad;khupYs;s xl;Lnkhj;j K]; ypk;fisAk; Fwpitj;Js;sJ. mq; Fs;s K];ypk;fspd; tho;T ,dg; gLnfhiyfshy; R+og;gl;Ls;sNj cz;ik epytukhFk;. ,e;j ,d mopg;gpy; kpad;khh; muR> ngsj;j gpf;Ffs;> cs;Sh; murpay;thjpfs;> mur mjpfhupfs;> ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdh;> jdpahh;fs; xd;wpiz e;J nraw;gLtJ kpfj; njspthdJ vd kdpj cupik Mh;tyh;fs; njuptpj;Js;sdh;.

kj;jpa fpof;F ehLfspd; rpwpa mirTfis clDf;Fld; glk; gpbj;Jf;fhl;Lk; rh;tNjr Clfq; fSk;> jPtputhjj;ij xLf;Ffpd; Nwhk; vd;W mNugpa ehLfspy; mg;ghtp caph;fisf; nfhd;W Ftpf;Fk; Nkw;Fg;gilfSk; kpad; khh; tplaj;jpy; ftdaPdkhf ,Ug;gjd; cs;Nehf;fq;fSk; ehk; kpfj; njspthf mwpe;jNj.

te;NjW FbfSf;F ,q;F ,lkpy;iy> mth;fis nfhy;y Ntz;Lk;> Juj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W Muk;gkhfpa Nfh\q;fs; jw;NghJ K];ypk;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfupf;fpwJ> K];ypk;fs; gh;kpa kf;fis kjkhw;Wfpwhh;fs; vd;W jpl;lkpl;L jpir jpUg;gg;gl;bUg;gJld; ,d;Wtiu ,e;epiy njhlh;fpwJ.

Student Page


It is not a secret that in order to survive in this day and age, information is necessary (along with food and water), but generally speaking the youth of today are in decline of valued information. I'm not referring to curricular information relating to school, because most of you have had or still have parents who MAKE you learn this information in order to pass exams. I am talking about general knowledge of what is happening in the world. Yes I am talking about the world

of politics and law as most parents today do not explain the political side of what is going on in the very world we live in.

The two main reasons parents do not want their children learning about the subject is because they do not feel that it is necessary for their children to learn these things, as they are perhaps insigni!cant (in their eyes) and they will catch on later. By this I mean because this information does not directly refer to the school curriculum , it is some-how neglected due to this very reason, the second reason is that they do not know themselves.

We in these times must delve into our research within the current laws and political a"airs as the world is mostly in#uenced by politicians, for instance the younger age group do not realise the impact axes have upon the country, as it does not directly a"ect them.

However what is often not realised by these youths is that the importance of this increases signi!cantly later on in life. Furthermore, the older generation's voice is not heard as much as the voices of the youth, a well known example of this which most of our Sri Lankan community are aware of is when the LTTE were on the verge of losing the war Tamil youth's from all over the world were protesting. One even went as far as a hunger strike and his call was heard by the Prime minister.

The point I am trying to make is that all the protests that Tamil people have done in the past were not revolution-ary what so ever, but as soon as the youths of that community were invo

lved in such a sensitive and mat ure issue the gover nment were willi ng to listen and respond to their requests. This form of political partici-pation makes acti ve citizens and do es make a di"er-ence. It could be anything from cha nging your lunc hes at school to chang-ing the amount of grants received when you go to University. For you to bring these changes you need to know how the government works, the right people to go to about your issue, how to get the correct form of media attention. It is important to make sure that people support and back your issue and make the most of

our rights as citizens as Allah (SWT) has blessed us to be in a democratic coun-try. This however does not mean that you can change the laws and the world to suit yourself only.

I am not coming to say that it is all the parents' fault because it is not. Us younger generation do not feel the need to know about these things as our environment seems to care about which team is going to the !nals of the FA cup, and whether Beyonce has a new music video out. Most of all the politics is not presented in a way for you 'average joe' to understand. Often in the news any new bills which have been passed do not make sense if you do not understand how bills are passed within parliament and other insider

information. For us to understand we must research and at least attempt to learn as we decide our future and politicians.

We can make a change if we put our voice together, please do not feel as if though you are seemingly small to make a change because it's the single people that lead the biggest changes.

Importance of politicalknowledge for youth.Shajee Buhary – Redcli! School. Milton Keynes

....I am talking about the world of politics and law as most parents today do not explain the politicalside of what is going on in thevery world we live in.....

epyk;


K];ypk;fs; vjph;nfhs;fpd;w gpur; rpidfspy; fhzpg;gpur;rpidAk; jiy ahd gpur;rpidahf cs;sJ. ehSf;F ehs; tsh;r;rpaile;J tUfpd;w K]; ypk; r%fj;jpd; Ms; vz;zpf;iff;F Njitahd FbapUg;G epyk;> tpt rha> gpw njhopy; tha;g;gpw;fhd epyq; fis ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; gyj;j neUf;fbia K];ypk; r%fk; vjph; Nehf;fp tUfpwJ. jPh;Tfhz Ntz;ba cldbg; gpur;rpidahf ,jid fUjhJ epiyikiaf; fle;J NghtJ vjph;fhyj;jpy; ghhpa gpur;rpidia Njhw;Wtpf;Fk; mghaj;ijf; nfhz; Ls;sNj cz;ikahFk;.

xU Fwpg;gpl;l gpuNjrj;jpid tho; tplkhff; nfhz;l kf;fs; gpuptpd upd; r%f> fyhrhuq;fs; me;j kz; zpy; gjpfpwJ. epyKk; tho;Tk; kf;f spd; tho;TlDk;> milahsj;JlDk;> ,Ug;GlDk; rk;ge;jg;gl;lJ. ,yq; ifapy; K];ypk;fs; tho;fpd;w gpuNj rq;fis ghh;f;fpd;w NghJ ngUks tpy; efuq;fis mz;bNa tho;tijf; fhzf;$bajhf cs;sJ. mjpfhpj;J tUk; rdj;njhiff;Nfw;g FbapUg; Gfis mikj;Jf;nfhs;tjpy; K];ypk; fs; vjph;Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpid fle;j 15 tUlfhyj;jpw;Fs; kpfTk; mjpfhpj;jp Ug;gJ ntspg;gilahdJ. Xt;nthU gpuNjrKk; fl;blf; fhLfshf khwp tUfpwJ. tPLfs; neUf;fkhf mikf; fg;gLtJld;> tPl;L khbfs; fl;Lt Jk; jtph;f;f Kbahjjhfp tpl;Ls;sJ. rdj;njhifg; ngUf;fk;> neUf;fkpF FbapUg;G vd;gd Rfhjhu rPh;NfLf isAk; mjpf NehahspfisAk; Vw;gLj;jp tUfpwJ.

fz;b khtl;lj;ij Nrh;e;j nghpa efuq;fis mz;ba gpuNjrq;fspy; K];ypk;fspd; FbapUg;G gpuNjrq;fs;

epy M

f;fpuk

pg;Gk

;> fhz

pg; g

pur;rpidAk;

mjpfhpj;j rd neUf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp tUfpwJ. mf;Fuiz Nghd;w gFjpfs; kpf Nkhrkhd fl;lj; ij mile;Js;sJld; fpof;F khfhzj;jpYk; fhj;jhd;Fb> fy;Kid> rha;e;jkUJ> mf;fiug;gw;W Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fs; FbapUg;G epyj;jpw;fhd mjpf gpur;rpidia Nkhrkhf vjph; nfhs;tijf; fhzf; $bajhf cs;sJ.

,d;iwa epiyapy; rpq;fsg; gpuNjrj;ij mz;b thOk; K];ypk;fs; vjph;fhyj;jpy; FbapUg;gpw;Nfh> njhopy; tha;g;gpw;Nfh epyq;fis Ntz;LtJ nghpa rthyhd tplakhf khwg;NghfpwJ. ngUFfpd;w kf;fs; njhiff;Nfw;g ,g;gpuNjrq;fspy; Gjpa Fb Naw;wq;fis mikg;gJ rhj;jpakhd xU tplakhf ,dp ,Uf;fg;Nghtjpy;iy. mg;gb FbNaw Kw;gLfpd;wNghJ mjid jLg;gjw;fhd nraw;gh Lfs; mjpfhpg;gjw;Nf tha;g;Gs;sJ.

njhlh;r;rpahf gy tUlq;fshf fpof;F khfh zj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;F nrhe;jkhd fhzpfs; Mf;fpu kpf;fg;gl;L tUtJ ele;Jjhd; tUfpwJ> murpw;Fk; GypfSf;Fkpilapyhd Aj;jj;jpd; NghJ ,lk; ngah;e;j K];ypk;fs; jkJ thoplq;fSf;Fk; tptrha njhopy; epyq;fSf;Fk; kPsj; jpUk;Gfpd;w NghJ ngUk; vjph;g;gpid re;jpf;f Ntz;bath;fshf cs;sdh;.

kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; cWfhkk; vDk; fpuhkk; K];ypk;fs; tho;e;j fpuhkkhFk;. 1990fspy; ,f;fpuhkj;jpypUe;J tpLjiyg;Gypfs; K];ypk;fis ntspNaw;wpdh;. jw;NghJ mk;kf;fSf;F tPlikg;G jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; tPLfis toq;f Kw;gLfpd;w NghJ mk;kf;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wj;jpw;F vjpuhf “Mjp jpuhtpld; Nrid” vd;fpw ngahpy; J}z;Lg; gpuRuk; tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;Lk; vr;rhpf;ifAk; tplg;gl; Ls;sJ. cWfhkk; gpuNjrj;jpy; K];ypk;fs; tho;e;jhh; fs; vd;gJk;> mth;fs; mg;gpuNjrj;jpy; nrhe;jf; fhzpfis nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs; vd;gJk; %bkiwf; fg;gLfpwJ.

,e;j vjph;g;G epiy jkpo;j;jug;gpypUe;J njhlh;tJ xU GwkhfTk;> kWGwkhf murhq;fKk; rpq;fs

FbNaw;wk;> Gdpjg; gpuNjrk;> nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fs; vd K]; ypk;fspd; epyq;fis Mf;fpukpj;J tUfpwJ.

Gy;Nkhl;il> nghj;Jtpy; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fs; fdpatsk;> cy;yhrg; gazj; Jiw Nghd;wtw; wpw;fhf rh;tNjrpa hPjpahf gpurpj;jp ngw;w ,lq;fsh Fk;. gy;NtW eyd;fSf;fhf jpl;lkpl;Nl ,g;gpuNj rj;jpd; epyk; Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,y;kidl; fdpatsk; mjpfk; fpilf;ff;$ba Gy;Nkhl;il gpuNjrj;jpy; epyq;fis Mf;fpukpg;gjw;F murhq;fk; jdJ flw;gilia gykhf itj;J kf;fis mr;RWj;jp tUfpwJ. Gy;Nkhl;il gpuNjrj;jpYs;s rghefh;> Njhj;jh thbj; jPT> nghd;kiyf;Flh> gl;bf;Flh> 13Mk; fl;il> kz;fpz;bkiy> nfhf;fpsha;> Nghd;w fiuNahug; gpuNjrq;fspy; tho;fpd;w kf;fs; flw;gilapd; epy Mf;fpukpg;ghYk; mr;RWj;jyhYk; nghpJk; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;> “,J flw;gilf;F nrhe;jkhd fhzp> ,q;F ahUk; gpuNtrpf;ff; $lhJ” vd Fwpg;gpl;L mwptpj;jy; gyiffis itg;gJk; ,g;gpuNjrq; fSf;F kf;fs; nry;yNth> FbapUg;gjw;Nfh jil tpjpg;gJk; njhlh;fpwJ.1966k; Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapy; ,Ue;J ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; K];ypk;fs; tho;e;J tUtJ ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

mNjNghd;W nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrKk; ,jid mz;bAs;s ”mWfk;Ng” flw;fiuAk; cy;yhr gazj; Jiwf;F ngah; ngw;w ,lkhFk;. rh;tNjr KjyPl;lhsh;fSf;Fk;> murpay; mq;fk; tfpf;fpd;w Kf;fpa Gs;spfSf;Fk; ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; cy;yhr tpLjpfis mikg;gjw;Fk; KjyPl;L jpl;lq;fis njhlq;Ftjw;Fk; epyk; Njitg; gLfpd;w

Nghnjy;yhk;> ,g;gpu Njrj;jpd; epyk; mgfhpf;fg;gLtJ njhlh;fpwJ.

,e;j efhpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; fUjp nghj;Jtpiy xU rpq;fs ngUk; ghd;ik gpuNjrkhf khw;w midj;J NtiyfSk;

jpl;lkpl;l tifapy; Kd;nd Lf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. njhy;nghUs; Muha;r;rp jpizf;fsk; ,e;j efiu mz;ba gpuNjrj;ij Gdpj gpuNjrkhf gpufldg;gLj;jp cs;sJ. “K`_J k`htpfhiu” vDk; ngahpy; tuyhw;W rhd;whjhuq; fis Kd;itj;J ,J eilngWfpwJ. tp];t k`h Njtp te;J ,wq;fpa ,lk; ,Jntd ,g;NghJ nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j ,lj;ij #o ,Ue;j FbapUg;Gfs;> xU ghlrhiy vd;gd mfw;wg;gl;L tpl;lJ.

fle;j khh;r; 24k; jpfjp nghj;JtpYf;F te;j [dhjpgjp kfpe;j uh[gf;rtpdhy; 200 mb cauj;jpy; Gj;jh; rpiy xd;W mikg;gjw;fhd mbf;fy;Yk; ehl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,dp nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrk; rpq;fs tuyhw;wpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtkhd jykhf khWtJ jtph;f;f Kbahjjhfptpl;lJ. ,g;gpuNjr tho; kf;fs; ngUksT gilg; gpurd;dj;jpd; %yk; mlf;fp mr;RWj;jg;gl;Nl itf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. ,g;gpuNj rj;jpy; Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;Ls;s epyq;fs; K];ypk; jkpo; kf;fSf;F nrhe;jkhdJ. fle;j 2006 nrg;lk;gh; khjj;jpy; 10 K];ypk; ,isQh;fs; gilapduhy; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l rk;gtkhdJ> kf;fSf;F gilj;jug;gpypUe;J nfhLf;fg;gl;l gfpuq;f vr;rupf; ifahfNt ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. kf;fs; vjph;g;Gf; fhl;bdhy; cq;fSf;Fk; ,Jjhd; elf;Fk; vd;fpw mlf;FKiw epiyikNa fhzg;gLfpwJ.

,d;iwa epiyapy; rpq;fsg; gpuNjrj;ij

mz;b thOk; K];ypk;fs; vjph;fhyj;jpy;

FbapUg;gpw;Nfh> njhopy; tha;g;gpw;Nfh

epyq;fis Ntz;LtJ nghpa rthyhd

tplakhf khwg;NghfpwJ. ngUFfpd;w

kf;fs; njhiff;Nfw;g ,g;gpuNjrq;fspy;

Gjpa FbNaw;wq;fis mikg;gJ

rhj;jpakhd xU tplakhf ,dp

,Uf;fg;Nghtjpy;iy. mg;gb FbNaw

Kw;gLfpd;wNghJ mjid jLg;gjw;fhd

nraw;ghLfs; mjpfhpg;gjw;Nf

tha;g;Gs;sJ.

-v];.rpghd;

kPs;FbNaw;wk;


tlkhfhzj;jpy; K];ypk;fspd; kPs;FbNaw;wk; elf;fp wJ vd mwpf;iffSk; nra;jpfSk; nrhd;dhYk; me;j kPs; FbNaw;wk; epidg;gJ Nghy; rhhj;jpakhdjhf ,y;iy. ,k;kf;fs; kPs;FbNaWtjpy; gy jilfis> rthy;fis vjph; nfhz;Nl tUfpd;wdh;. tlkhfhzj;jp Ys;s Ie;J khtl;lq;fspy; kd;dhh;> tTdpah khtl;lq;fspy; xusT kPs;FbNaw;wq;fs; epfo;e;J tUtJk; aho;g;ghzk;> fpsp nehr;rp> Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lq;fspy; kPs; FbNaw;wk; nkJ nkJthfTNk elf;fpwJ. mur mjpfhhpfSk;> murpay;thjpfSk; ,k;kf;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wj;jpw;F gytiffspYk; jilahf ,Ue;J tUfpwhh;fs;.

1996,y; aho;g;ghzk;; tpLjiyg; Gypfspd; fl;Lg;ghl;bypUe;J tpL tpf;fg;gl;bUe;jhYk; 2002 rkhjhd fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,k;kf;fs; te;J aho;g;ghzj;jpy; kPs;FbNaw jil apy;iynad tpLjiyg;Gypfs; nrhd;dhYk;> aho;g;ghz K];ypk; kf;fspy; ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhh; mq;F nrd;W FbNawtpy;iy.

2010k; Mz;bypUe;Nj KO tlf; fpw;Fk; nrd;W K];ypk;fs; kPs; FbNaw tpUk;gpdh;. Mdhy; vjph; ghh;j;j msT jkpo; mur mjpfhhp fSk;> jkpo; murpay;thjpfSk; ,k; kf;fis Mjhpf;ftpy;iy. jkpo; nghJkf;fs; K];ypk;fs; kPs;Fb NaWtjw;F vjph;g;gpid ntspg;g Lj;jtpy;iy. Mdhy; kPs;FbNaw te;j tlkhfhz K];ypk;fis jkpo;j; Njrpa $l;likg;igr; Nrh;e;j tTdpah> kd;dhh; khtl;l ghuhSkd;w gpujpepjpfNs me;epah; fs; vd;Wk;> jkJ fhzpfis Mf;fp ukpf;f te;jth;fs; vd;Wk;> ,k;kf;f spd; kPs;FbNaw;wj;jpw;F vjpuhf nraw;gLtJ ,d;Dk; njhlh;fpwJ vd;fpwhh; tTdpahitr; Nrh;e;j kPs; FbNaw;wthrpnahUth;. Ky;iyj;jP tpw;Fk; ,k;kf;fs; FbNawr; nrd;w NghJ jkpo; kf;fis jpul;b te;J FbNaw;wj;ij jLf;f Kad;wjhf mk;kf;fs; nrhy;fpd;wdh;.

,jpy; gpujhd gpur;rpidahf ,Ug;gJ fhzp njhlh;ghd tpla Nk. ,e;jg;; gpur;rpid tlkhfhz K];ypk;fs; midtuJ kPs; Fb tlkhfhz K];ypk;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wk;

jPh;f;fg;glhj gpur;rpidahf njhlh;fpwJ!

t lkhfhzj;jpypUe;J tpLjiyg;Gypfshy;

K];ypk;fs; ,dr;Rj;jpfhpg;G nra;ag;gl;l

epfo;T vjph;tUk; xf;Nlhgh; khjj;Jld; 23

tUlj;ij epiwT nra;fpwJ. xU r%fk;

Juj;jpabf;fg;gl;L jdJ jhaf kz;Zf;F

Kw;whf jpUk;g Kbahj epiy fpl;lj;jl;l

fhy;E}w;whz;lhfj; njhlh;tJ vd;gJ

rhjhuzkhd tplaky;y. ,jdhy;

ghjpf;fg;gl;lth;fSf;Nf ,jd; KO

NtjidAk;> typAk; GhpAk;.

-]gp

Naw;w tplaq;fspy; Kf;fpa gpur;rp idahfTs;sJ. K];ypk;fs; tl khfhzj;jpypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;g Lfpd;w NghJ 12Mapuk; FLk;gq;f shfTk; nkhj;j rdj;njhif 80 MapukhfTk; ,Ue;jJ> kPs; Fb Nawr;nry;fpd;w NghJ ,g;NghJ 18 Mapuk; FLk;gq;fshfTk; 1 ,yl;rj;jp 14 Mapuj;jpw;Fk; Nkw; gl;l kf;fshfTk; cs;sdh;.

mth;fs; xU FLk;gkhf ,Ue;j fhzpf;Fs; ,g;NghJ kPs; FbNaw nry;fpd;wNghJ ,uz;L FLk;gkhf> %d;W FLk;gkhf ngUfpapUf;fpd; wdh;. mth;fs; me;j rpW fhzpf;Fs; FbapUf;f Kbahj epiy ,Uf;fp wJ. ,jdhy; mur fhzpfspy; ,th;fs; FbNaw;wg;gLtJk;> epyk; ,th;fSf;F gfph;e;jspf;fg;gLtJk; mtrpakhfpAs;sJ. muR epyj;jpid ,th;fsJ kPs; FbNaw;wj;jpw;F gfph;e;jspf;fpd;w NghJ jkpo; kf;f spd; epyq;fis K];ypk;fSf;F nfhLg;gjhf nra;ag;gLk; gpur;rhuk; kpf Mgj;jhd Nghf;fpid Vw;g Lj;Jtij czu KbfpwJ.

mj;Jld; K];ypk;fspd; kPs; Fb Naw;wk; vd;gJ jkpo; kf;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wj;Jld; xg;gpl KbahjJ. jkpo; kf;fs; ,lk;ngah;e;j gpd; rpy Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapy; kPs;FbNaw; wg;gLfpwhh;fs; - mth;fspd; FLk;gq;fs; ngUfpapUf;f tha;g;Gf; FiwT> mth;fs; Njitahd Mtzq;fis nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs;. Mdhy; 23 tUlq;fs; ntspNaw;wg;gl;l kf;f

splk; mur mjpfhhpfs; Mtzq; fis Nfl;gJk;> mth;fis gytopf spy; eph;g;ge;jpg;gJk; Kiwahdjy;y.

K];ypk;fspd; kPs;FbNaw;wj;jpw;F Gjpjhd kPs;FbNaw;wf; nfhs;if xd;W Vw;gLj;jg;gLtJ mtrpakh fpwJ. mk;kf;fspd; rdj;njhifg; ngUf;fj;jpw;F mikthf fhzpfs; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;L gfph;e;jspf;fg; gly; Ntz;Lk;. tPLfs; fl;bf; nfhLf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. mk;kf;f Sf;F njhopy;tha;g;Gfs;> nghUsh jhu cjtpfs; nra;ag;gly; Ntz; Lk;. vy;yhtw;WlDk; #o cs;s jkpo; kf;fs;> K];ypk;fis MjuTf; fuk; nfhz;L mutizf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Mlk;gukhf gy ,yl;rk; nryT nra;J jpUkzq;fis elhj;Jfpd;w th;fs;> tPLfis cilj;J cilj;J fl;Lfpwth;fs;> nghUshjhu trjp $b jkJ me;j];ij gyUf;F fhl;l epidg;Nghh;> ntspehLfspYs;s jd te;jh;fs; ,e;j ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;f Sf;F cjt Kd;tu Ntz;Lk;. ,d; Dk; ,e;j kf;fspd; ngUk; gFjpap dh; Gj;jsk; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fspy; mfjp tho;it njhlh;fpwhh;fs; vd; gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. K];ypk; kf;f is tl khfhzj;jpw;F te;JFb NaWtij jLg;gjw;Nfh> KbahJ vd;W nrhy;Ytjw;Nfh ahUf;Fk; chp ik ,y;iy Vnddpy; tlf;F khfh zk; K];ypk;fspdJk; jhafNk!

FbNaw;wk;> Gdpjg; gpuNjrk;> nghUshjhu tsh;r; rpj; jpl;lq;fs; vd K];ypk;fspd; epyq;fis Mf;fpu kpj;J tUfpwJ.

Gy;Nkhl;il> nghj;Jtpy; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fs; fdpa tsk;> cy;yhrg; gazj;Jiw Nghd;wtw;wpw;fhf rh;t Njr hPjpahf gpurpj;jp ngw;w ,lq;fshFk;. gy;NtW eyd;fSf;fhf jpl;lkpl;Nl ,g;gpuNjrj;jpd; epyk; Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,y;kidl; fdpatsk; mjpfk; fpilf;ff;$ba Gy;Nkhl;il gpuNjrj;jpy; epyq;fis Mf;fpukpg;gjw;F murhq;fk; jdJ flw; gilia gykhf itj;J kf;fis mr;RWj;jp tUfp wJ. Gy;Nkhl;il gpuNjrj;jpYs;s rghefh;> Njhj;jh thbj; jPT> nghd;kiyf;Flh> gl;bf;Flh> 13Mk; fl;il> kz;fpz;bkiy> nfhf;fpsha;> Nghd;w fiu Nahug; gpuNjrq;fspy; tho;fpd;w kf;fs; flw;gil apd; epy Mf;fpukpg;ghYk; mr;RWj;jyhYk; nghpJk; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;> “,J flw;gilf;F nrhe;j khd fhzp> ,q;F ahUk; gpuNtrpf;ff; $lhJ” vd Fwpg;gpl;L mwptpj;jy; gyiffis itg;gJk; ,g; gpuNjrq;fSf;F kf;fs; nry;yNth> FbapUg;gjw;Nfh jil tpjpg;gJk; njhlh;fpwJ. 1966k; Mz;L fhyg; gFjpapy; ,Ue;J ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; K];ypk;fs; tho;e;J tUtJ ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

mNjNghd;W nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrKk; ,jid mz;b As;s ”mWfk;Ng” flw;fiuAk; cy;yhr gazj;Jiwf;F ngah; ngw;w ,lkhFk;. rh;tNjr KjyPl;lhsh;fSf;Fk;> murpy; mq;fk; tfpf;fpd;w Kf;fpa Gs;spfSf;Fk; ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; cy;yhr tpLjpfis mikg;gjw;Fk; KjyPl;L jpl;lq;fis njhlq;Ftjw;Fk; epyk;

Njitg;gLfpd;w Nghnjy;yhk;> ,g;gpuNjrj;jpd; epyk; mgfhpf;fg;gLtJ njhlh;fpwJ.

,e;j efhpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; fUjp nghj;Jtpiy xU rpq;fs ngUk;ghd;ik gpuNjrkhf khw;w midj;J NtiyfSk; jpl;lkpl;l tifapy; Kd;ndLf;fg; gl;LtUfpwJ. njhy;nghUs; Muha;r;rp jpizf;fsk; ,e;j efiu mz;ba gpuNjrj;ij Gdpj gpuNjrkhf gpufldg;gLj;jp cs;sJ. “K`_J k`htpfhiu” vDk; ngahpy; tuyhw;W rhd;whjhuq;fis Kd; itj;J ,J eilngWfpwJ. tp];t k`h Njtp te;J ,wq;fpa ,lk; ,Jntd ,g;NghJ nrhy;yg;gL fpwJ. ,e;j ,lj;ij #o ,Ue;j FbapUg;Gfs;> xU ghlrhiy vd;gd mfw;wg;gl;L tpl;lJ.

fle;j khh;r; 24k; jpfjp nghj;JtpYf;F te;j [dhjp gjp kfpe;j uh[gf;rtpdhy; 200 mb cauj;jpy; Gj;jh; rpiy xd;W mikg;gjw;fhd mbf;fy;Yk; ehl;lg;gl; Ls;sJ. ,dp nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrk; rpq;fs tuyhw;wpy; Kf;fpaj;Jtkhd jykhf khWtJ jtph;f;f Kbahjjh fptpl;lJ. ,g;gpuNjr tho; kf;fs; ngUksT gilg; gpurd;dj;jpd; %yk; mlf;fp mr;RWj;jg;gl;Nl itf;fg; gl;Ls;sdh;. ,g;gpuNjrj;jpy; Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;Ls;s epyq;fs; K];ypk; jkpo; kf;fSf;F nrhe;jkhdJ. fle;j 2006 nrg;lk;gh; khjj;jpy; 10 K];ypk; ,isQh;fs; gil apduhy; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l rk;gtkhdJ> kf;f Sf;F gilj;jug;gpypUe;J nfhLf;fg;gl;l gfpuq;f vr;rupf; ifahfNt ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. kf;fs; vjph;g;Gf;fhl;bdhy; cq;fSf;Fk; ,Jjhd; elf;Fk; vd;fpw mlf;FKiw epiyikNa ,q;F fhzg;gLfpwJ.

Pic:

Moo

r Str

eet,

Ja!n

a


tlkhfhzj;jpy; K];ypk;fspd; kPs;FbNaw;wk; elf;fp wJ vd mwpf;iffSk; nra;jpfSk; nrhd;dhYk; me;j kPs; FbNaw;wk; epidg;gJ Nghy; rhhj;jpakhdjhf ,y;iy. ,k;kf;fs; kPs;FbNaWtjpy; gy jilfis> rthy;fis vjph; nfhz;Nl tUfpd;wdh;. tlkhfhzj;jp Ys;s Ie;J khtl;lq;fspy; kd;dhh;> tTdpah khtl;lq;fspy; xusT kPs;FbNaw;wq;fs; epfo;e;J tUtJk; aho;g;ghzk;> fpsp nehr;rp> Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lq;fspy; kPs; FbNaw;wk; nkJ nkJthfTNk elf;fpwJ. mur mjpfhhpfSk;> murpay;thjpfSk; ,k;kf;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wj;jpw;F gytiffspYk; jilahf ,Ue;J tUfpwhh;fs;.

1996,y; aho;g;ghzk;; tpLjiyg; Gypfspd; fl;Lg;ghl;bypUe;J tpL tpf;fg;gl;bUe;jhYk; 2002 rkhjhd fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,k;kf;fs; te;J aho;g;ghzj;jpy; kPs;FbNaw jil apy;iynad tpLjiyg;Gypfs; nrhd;dhYk;> aho;g;ghz K];ypk; kf;fspy; ngUk;ghd;ikahNdhh; mq;F nrd;W FbNawtpy;iy.

2010k; Mz;bypUe;Nj KO tlf; fpw;Fk; nrd;W K];ypk;fs; kPs; FbNaw tpUk;gpdh;. Mdhy; vjph; ghh;j;j msT jkpo; mur mjpfhhp fSk;> jkpo; murpay;thjpfSk; ,k; kf;fis Mjhpf;ftpy;iy. jkpo; nghJkf;fs; K];ypk;fs; kPs;Fb NaWtjw;F vjph;g;gpid ntspg;g Lj;jtpy;iy. Mdhy; kPs;FbNaw te;j tlkhfhz K];ypk;fis jkpo;j; Njrpa $l;likg;igr; Nrh;e;j tTdpah> kd;dhh; khtl;l ghuhSkd;w gpujpepjpfNs me;epah; fs; vd;Wk;> jkJ fhzpfis Mf;fp ukpf;f te;jth;fs; vd;Wk;> ,k;kf;f spd; kPs;FbNaw;wj;jpw;F vjpuhf nraw;gLtJ ,d;Dk; njhlh;fpwJ vd;fpwhh; tTdpahitr; Nrh;e;j kPs; FbNaw;wthrpnahUth;. Ky;iyj;jP tpw;Fk; ,k;kf;fs; FbNawr; nrd;w NghJ jkpo; kf;fis jpul;b te;J FbNaw;wj;ij jLf;f Kad;wjhf mk;kf;fs; nrhy;fpd;wdh;.

,jpy; gpujhd gpur;rpidahf ,Ug;gJ fhzp njhlh;ghd tpla Nk. ,e;jg;; gpur;rpid tlkhfhz K];ypk;fs; midtuJ kPs; Fb

Naw;w tplaq;fspy; Kf;fpa gpur;rp idahfTs;sJ. K];ypk;fs; tl khfhzj;jpypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;g Lfpd;w NghJ 12Mapuk; FLk;gq;f shfTk; nkhj;j rdj;njhif 80 MapukhfTk; ,Ue;jJ> kPs; Fb Nawr;nry;fpd;w NghJ ,g;NghJ 18 Mapuk; FLk;gq;fshfTk; 1 ,yl;rj;jp 14 Mapuj;jpw;Fk; Nkw; gl;l kf;fshfTk; cs;sdh;.

mth;fs; xU FLk;gkhf ,Ue;j fhzpf;Fs; ,g;NghJ kPs; FbNaw nry;fpd;wNghJ ,uz;L FLk;gkhf> %d;W FLk;gkhf ngUfpapUf;fpd; wdh;. mth;fs; me;j rpW fhzpf;Fs; FbapUf;f Kbahj epiy ,Uf;fp wJ. ,jdhy; mur fhzpfspy; ,th;fs; FbNaw;wg;gLtJk;> epyk; ,th;fSf;F gfph;e;jspf;fg;gLtJk; mtrpakhfpAs;sJ. muR epyj;jpid ,th;fsJ kPs; FbNaw;wj;jpw;F gfph;e;jspf;fpd;w NghJ jkpo; kf;f spd; epyq;fis K];ypk;fSf;F nfhLg;gjhf nra;ag;gLk; gpur;rhuk; kpf Mgj;jhd Nghf;fpid Vw;g Lj;Jtij czu KbfpwJ.

mj;Jld; K];ypk;fspd; kPs; Fb Naw;wk; vd;gJ jkpo; kf;fspd; kPs; FbNaw;wj;Jld; xg;gpl KbahjJ. jkpo; kf;fs; ,lk;ngah;e;j gpd; rpy Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapy; kPs;FbNaw; wg;gLfpwhh;fs; - mth;fspd; FLk;gq;fs; ngUfpapUf;f tha;g;Gf; FiwT> mth;fs; Njitahd Mtzq;fis nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs;. Mdhy; 23 tUlq;fs; ntspNaw;wg;gl;l kf;f

splk; mur mjpfhhpfs; Mtzq; fis Nfl;gJk;> mth;fis gytopf spy; eph;g;ge;jpg;gJk; Kiwahdjy;y.

K];ypk;fspd; kPs;FbNaw;wj;jpw;F Gjpjhd kPs;FbNaw;wf; nfhs;if xd;W Vw;gLj;jg;gLtJ mtrpakh fpwJ. mk;kf;fspd; rdj;njhifg; ngUf;fj;jpw;F mikthf fhzpfs; Njh;T nra;ag;gl;L gfph;e;jspf;fg; gly; Ntz;Lk;. tPLfs; fl;bf; nfhLf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. mk;kf;f Sf;F njhopy;tha;g;Gfs;> nghUsh jhu cjtpfs; nra;ag;gly; Ntz; Lk;. vy;yhtw;WlDk; #o cs;s jkpo; kf;fs;> K];ypk;fis MjuTf; fuk; nfhz;L mutizf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Mlk;gukhf gy ,yl;rk; nryT nra;J jpUkzq;fis elhj;Jfpd;w th;fs;> tPLfis cilj;J cilj;J fl;Lfpwth;fs;> nghUshjhu trjp $b jkJ me;j];ij gyUf;F fhl;l epidg;Nghh;> ntspehLfspYs;s jd te;jh;fs; ,e;j ghjpf;fg;gl;l kf;f Sf;F cjt Kd;tu Ntz;Lk;. ,d; Dk; ,e;j kf;fspd; ngUk; gFjpap dh; Gj;jsk; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fspy; mfjp tho;it njhlh;fpwhh;fs; vd; gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. K];ypk; kf;f is tl khfhzj;jpw;F te;JFb NaWtij jLg;gjw;Nfh> KbahJ vd;W nrhy;Ytjw;Nfh ahUf;Fk; chp ik ,y;iy Vnddpy; tlf;F khfh zk; K];ypk;fspdJk; jhafNk!

ny];lh; khefukhdJ If;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpy; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; nrwpthf thOk; gpuNjrq;fspy; Kjyplj;ijg; ngw;Wj; jpfo;fpd;wJ. `Nuh> fpof;F ,yz;ld;> rpyht;> nubq;> Y}l;ld;> fpNuht;yp> kpy;ld; fPd;];> fpNul;lh; kd;r;r];lh; Mfpa rfy gpuNjrq;fspy; K];ypk;fs; nrwpe;J tho;e;jhYk; $ba rdj;njhif mbg;gilapy; Rkhh; Kd;D}Wf;F Nkw;gl;l FLk;gq;fSk; vOE}Wf;F Nkw;gl;l jdpegh;fSk; Ie;J MW iky;fy; gug;gstpy; trpf;fpd;whh;fs;.

,yq;if K];ypk;fSk; ny];lh; khefuKk;

2000 Mz;L Kjy; ,d;W tiu> ny];lh; tho; ,yq;if K];ypk;fSf;F khj;jpuky;yhky; If;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpy; thOk; jkpo; NgRk; K];ypk;fSf;Fk; kpfTk; gupl;rakhd ,lNk khh;f;gPy;l; ,];yhkpa epiyakhFk;. ny];lh; tho; ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; tho;Tk; tsh;r;rpAk; gw;wpg; NgRk; NghJ mjpfkhd ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; vz;zj;jpy; tUtJ ny];lh; khh;f;gPy;l; ,];yhkpa epiyaj;NjhLk; gl;lg; gpd; gbg;Gf;fhd khh;f;gPy;l; ,];yhkpa fyhgPlj;NjhLk; ,ize;j ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; r%f fyhr;rhu epidTfshFk; vd;why; kpifahfhJ. ,jw;fhd gpujhd fhuzq;fs; ,uz;lhFk;. Xd;W: jdp egh;fshfTk; FLk;gq;fshfTk; ,Ue;j ny];lh; ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; ,Ug;G r%ff; fl;likg;ghf gupkhzk; vLj;j ,lk; khh;f;gPy;l; ,];yhkpa epiyakhFk;. mjhtJ 1998k; Mz;L Kjy; ny];l

01 Leicester (UK)r%f cUthf;fk;


ny];lh; khefuk; (If;fpa ,uhr;rpak;)

,yq;if K];ypk;fspd;

tho;Tk; tsh;r;rpAk;

hpd; ngy;fpNut; kw;Wk; kpy;ld; tPjpia mz;ba gFjpapy; FbNawpa rpy khzth;fs; kw;Wk; XupU FLk;gq;fs; ,ize;J 2001>2002k; Mz;Lfspy; khh;f; gPy;l; ,];yhkpa epiyaj;jpy; <j; ngUehis kpf rpwg;ghf nfhz;lhbdh;. mj;NjhL jkJ r%f fyhr;rhu khh;f;f tplaq;fis Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;tjw;F thuhe;j [{k;Mj; jpd xd;W $lYk; jkpo; nkhop Fj;ghf;fSk; mtrpak; vd;w jPh;khdj; ijAk; mq;Nf vLj;jhh;fs;. ,uz;lhtJ fhuzk;: ,yq;if kw;Wk; ,e;jpa jkpo; NgRk; K];ypk;fs; FLk;gkhf fye;J rpwg;gpf;fpd;w rpwP yq;fh ,];yhkpf; Nghuj;jpd; tUlhe;j kfh ehLfs; 2003k; Mz;L Kjy; ,d;W tiu ny];lh; khh;f;gPy;l; ,];yhkpa epiyaj;jpy; rpwg;ghf ,lk; ngw;W tUtjhFk;. ,t;thW ny];lh; vd;wJk; xt;nthUtupd; kdjpYk; Mokhf gjpe;J tpl;l tplak; ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; r%f fyhr;rhu epfo;Tfs; eilngWk; ,lkhf mJ cs;sJ vd;gNjahFk;.

jkpo; nkhopapy; KjyhtJ Fj;gh ciuAk; KjyhtJ eph;thf rigj; njupTk;

KjyhtJ [{k;Mj; jpd xd;W $lYk; jkpo; nkhop apyhd Fj;ghTk;; 2003k; Mz;L ngg;utup khjk; 14k; jpfjp ny];lh; yg;gNuh tPjpapy; mike;Js;s rdr%f epiyaj;jpy; Muk;gkhdJ. md;iwa jpd Fj;gh gpurq;fj;ij m\; n\a;f; K`k;kJ ,];khapy; esPkp mth;fs; epfo;j;jpdhh;fs;. ny];lh; rpwP yq;fh K];ypk; fyhr;rhu mikg;G (Sri Lankan Muslim Cultural Association Leicester) vd;w ngaiuj; jhq;fpf; nfhz;l KjyhtJ eph;thf rigapd; jiytuhf fyhepjp m\; n\a;f; ugPf; esPkp mth;fs; Vfkdjhf njupT nra;ag;gl;lhh;fs;. njhlh;e;J te;j eph;thfq;fspd; NghJ fyhepjp m\; n\a;f; upgha; esPkP> rNfhjuh; upgha; MfpNahh; jiyth;f shf flikahw;wpdhh;fs;. eph;thf rigapd; Kf;fpa gzpfshf thuhe;j [{k;Mg; gpurq;fKk; tpN\l gahd; epfo;r;rpfSk; Nehd;G fhy thu ,Wjp ehl;f

spy; tpN\l gahd;fSld; $ba ,g;jhh; epfo;r;rpf Sk; ,U ngUehs; njhOiff;fhd Vw;ghLfSk; kw;Wk; rpwhh;fSf;Fk; ngupNahUf;Fkhd fspg;G epfo;r;rpfSld; $ba tpN\l ngUehs; jpd xd;W $ly;fSk; vd fhyj;Jf;Fj; Njitahd fhj;jpukhd gzpfs; gy kpfTk; rpwg;ghf Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;L te;jik gjpag;gl Ntz;ba epfo;TfshFk;.gy eph;thfq;fSk; eph;thfj; jiyth;fSk; te;J Ngh-dhYk; 2003 Kjy;; ny]; lh; tho; jkpo; NgRk; K];ypk;fspd; r%f fyhrhu eltbf;iffspy; ,Ue;j mikg;G Kiw ,d;W tiu njhlug;gl;L tU tij ehk; njspthf fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

KO Neu gs;spthrYk; mjd;

NritfSk;

2008k; Mz;L Kjy; rpwP yq;fh ,];yhkpf; gTz; Nl\d; (Sri Lanka Muslim Foundation Leicester) vd;w ngaiug; ngw;w ny]; lh; tho; ,yq;if K]; ypk;fspd; eph;thf xOq; fhdJ 2009k; Mz;L Mf];l; khjj;jpy; KO Neu fl;blk; xd;iw thliff;F ngw;W k];[p Jy; mg;uhh; vd;w nga upd; fPo; KO Neu gs;sp thryhf ,aq;f Muk;gpj; jJ. NkNy $wg; gl;l r%fg; gzpfNshL Ie;J Neuj; njhOif> ngz;f isAk; [{k;Mtpy; ,izj; Jf;; nfhs;Sk; Vw;ghL> Nehd;G jpd ,g;jhh; Vw; ghLfs;> juhtP`; njhO if> fpahKy; iyy; njhOif> kw;Wk; kf;fs; jhk; rhh;e;Js;s ,];yhkpa mikg;Gf;fspd; gahd; epfo;r;rpfis thuj;Jf;F xU Kiw elj;Jtjw;fhd Vw;ghLfs;> ngz;fSf;fhd tpN\l ciufs;> khiy Neu Fh;Md; tFg;Gfs;> Fh;Md; kdd tFg;Gfs;> thu ,Wjp ehs; muG kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa ghlnewp tFg;Gfs; vd gy epfo;r;rpfs; Vw;ghlhfpd. NkYk; cykh rig kw;Wk; MNyhrid rig Mfpa cg rigfs; eph;thf rigapd; fPo; rpwg;ghf nraw;gl Muk;gpj;jd. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; eph;thf rigj; jiy th;fshf KiwNa rNfhjuh;fshd [D}h;jPd;> gsPy; `fPk;> e]Ph; MfpNahh; flikahw;wpdh;. jw;Nghija jiytuhf rNfhjuh; Ksg;gh; mth;fs; flikahw;wp tUfpd;whh;.

ny];lupy; cs;s ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; Vida mikg;Gf;fs;

2008k; Mz;L Kjy; Gh;fhd; ,];yhkpa miog;G

ikak; vd;w ngaupy; ,aq;fp te;j jt;`Pj; [khmj; mikg;gpdh; rpwP yq;fh ,];yhkpf; gTz;Nl\d;; ny];lupd; tsr;rpapYk; gzpfspYk; kpfTk; fhj;jpu khd gq;F tfpj;J te;jhh;fs;. 2011k; Mz;bd; ngg;utup khjk; 28k; ehs; Kjy; k];[pj; gpjh vd;w mikg;gpy; jkJ r%f fyhr;rhu khh;f;f tplaq; fisj; gpuj;jpNafkhf elj;jp tUfpd;wdh;. ,jd; jiyth;fshf rNfhjuh; K];jgh rNfhjuh; `h[h

MfpNahh; flikahw;wpa NjhL elg;G eph;thfj; jpd; jiytuhf rNfhjuh; `p\hk; mth;fs; flik ahw;wp tUfpd;whh;.

kw;Wk; 2008Mk; Mz;L Kjy; mf;Fuid eyd;Gup rq;fk; ny];lh; vd;w mikg;G ny];lh; tho; mf;Fuid efu kf;fis mutizj;Jf; nfhz;L cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,yq; ifapd; mf;Fuid efupy; thOk; kf;fisf; fUj; jpw; nfhz;L r%f eyd; Gupg; gzpfspy; rpwg;ghf ,aq;fp tUtNjhL khj; jpuky;yhky; ny];lupy; thOk; mf;Fuid kf;f is ,izj;J gy fhj;jp ukhd gzpfisAk; nra;J tUfpd;wJ. ,e;j rq;fj; jpd; ];jhgf jiytuhf rNfhjh; m[;kPh; mth;fs; flikahw ;w pdhh ;fs ; . jw;Nghija jiytuhf rNfhjuh; [pg;up mth;fs; flikahw;wp tUfpd;whh;.

NkYk; 2008 Mk; Mz;bd; Nfhilfhyk; Kjy; =yq;fd; fpupf;fl; rpf;]; vd;w ngaupy;

fphpf;fl; tpisahl;il ikag;gLj;jp ,aq;Fk; mikg;ig rNfhjuh; ,d;`hk; Kf;jhh; mth;fs; ny];lupy; mikj;jikAk; ,q;F Fwpj;Jf;fhl;l Ntz;ba xU tplakhFk;. ,e;j mikg;G tUlhe; jk;; mzpf;F mWth; my;yJ VO Ngh; nfhz;l mzpfshf fye;J rpwg;gpf;Fk; fpupf;fl; nkd;ge;J Nghl;bfis kpfTk; rpwg;ghf elhj;jp tUfpd;wik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ny];lh; kw;Wk; ,q;fpyhe;J tho; ,yq;ifiar; Nrh;e;j gy;ypd kf;fisAk; fth;e;j tpjj;jpy; ,e;jg; Nghl;bfs; ,lk; ngw;W tUtJ gyupd; ghuhl;ilg; ngw;w tplakhFk;. NkYk; my;gahd; mugpf; gTz;Nl\d; vd;w ngaupy; muG nkhopapy; ghz;bj;jpak; ngw;w Mrp ah;fisf; nfhz;L; muG nkhopAk; my; Fh;MDk; Nghjpf;fg;gLfpd;w fy;tp epUtdj;ij ,yq;ifiar; Nrh;e;j m\;-n\a;f; K`k;kJ ,];khapy; esPkp mth;fs; 2013k; Mz;L [dtup Kjy; ny];lh; efupy; eph;khzpj;jpUg;gJ ,q;F Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;lg;gl

mG+ ma;A+g; K`k;kJ ,];khapy;

Ntz;ba tplakhFk;. ny];lh; tho; rfy K];ypk; fisAk; fUj;jpw; nfhz;L ,e;epUtdk; cUthf; fg;gl;lJ. ,UgJf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l ehLfisr; Nrh;e;j gps;isfSk; Mz;fSk; ngz;fSk; ,q;Nf fy;tp fw;W tUtij mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd;wJ.

,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; cah; fy;tpAk; njhopYk;

,q;F thOk; ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; KjyhtJ jiyKiwapy; mjpfkhNdhh; fdp\;l kw;Wk; rpNu\;l gpuptpy; my;yJ fy;Y}upapy; fw;Wf; nfhz;bUg;gth;fNs. tpuy; tpl;L vz;zf; $ba msT kpfTk; nrhw;gkhdth;fNs gyfiyf;fofq; fspy; fw;W tUfpd;wdh;. ,d;Dk; xU jrhg;jj;jpd; gpd;dh; ,Uf;fg; NghFk; epiyNah epr;rakhf cah; fy;tpia Nehf;fp gyh; Kd;Ndwpr; nry;fpd;w epiy ikahFk;. Gug\dy; njhopy; vDk; NghJ ,yq;if apypUe;J te;J FbNawpa rNfhju rNfhjupfspy; xU itj;jpah;> xU Mrpupia> xU fzf;fhsh;> XupU nrhg;l;ntahh; nghwpapayhsh;fs;> kw;Wk; ,U nkf;fhdpf;Ffs;> ,U gj;jpupifahsh;fs; fhzg;gL fpd;wdh;. ehd;F Mypk;fSk; %d;W Mypkhf;fSk; fhzg;gLfpd;wdh;. NkYk; rpy tpahghu mjpgh;fSk; Kfhikahsh;fSk; fhzg;gLfpd;wdh;. ngUk;ghyh dth;fs; rhjhuz njhopy;fspy; <Lgl;L tUfpd; wdh;. mjpfg; ngUk;ghd;ikahd ngz;fs; tPl;L kidtpfshfNt cs;sdh;.

jpwik kpf;f rpwhh;fs;

ny];lupy; thOk; fzprkhd rpwhh;fs; my;Fh; Mid kddk; nra;fpd;w ̀ hgps;fshfTk; ,];yhkpa rl;lq;fisf; fw;fpd;w Mypk;fshfTk; Mypkhf;fsh fTk; jhk; fw;fpd;w kj;u]hg; guPl;irfspy; kpfj;jpw ikahd Kiwapy; rpj;jp mile;jth;fshFk; fhzg; gLfpd;wdh;. NkYk; Njrpa uPjpapy; eilngWfpd;w ,];yhkpa Nghl;bfspd; NghJ jkJ jpwikfshy; ny];lUf;F njhlh;e;Jk; ngUik Nrh;j;Jj;jU fpd;w ,sk; Kd;Ndhbfshf jpfo;fpd;whh;fs;.

Gyk;ngah; ehLfspy; tho;fpd;w ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; r%f tho;epiy gw;wpa xUtpupe;j Ma;T Nehf;if Kd;dpWj;jp ,j;njhlh; Muk;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ehLfspdJk;> xt;nthU gpuNjrq;fspdJk; r%f> nghUshjhu> fyhrhu> FbNaw;w tplaq;fis ePq;fs; Kd;te;J vOJkhW Nfl;fpNwhk;.

ehis Kiwahd xU Ma;Tf;F ,f;Fwpg;Gfs;> jfty;fs; cl;gLj;jg;gl;L xU tuyhw;W> r%f Mtzkhf njhFf;fg;gLfpd;w NghJ ,jd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; czug;gLk;. mj;Jld; GfyplehLfspy; ,yq;if K];ypk;fspd; tuyhW vOj;jhtzkhf ngWkjp ngUk;.

ePq;fs; thOk; gpuNjr jfty;fis jpul;b>rupghh;j;J vkf;F mDg;Gq;fs;.

ny];lUf;F Kjyplk;

nghJthf 2000Mk; Mz;L Kjy; ny];liu Nehf;fp ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; epue;jukhf efh;e;jhYk; 2005k; Mz;L Kjy; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; INuhg;gpa ehLf-shd gpuhd;];> n[h;kdp> xy;yhe;J Rtpl;ryhe;J Nghd;w ehLfspypUe;Jk; If;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; Vida gpuNjrq;fspypUe;Jk; ny];liu Nehf;fp efUk; tPjk; mjpfupj;jpUg;gij fhzKbfpd;wJ. ,e;j efh;T mjpfupg;Gf;F nry;thf;F nrYj;Jfpd;w fhuzq;fs; fhyj;Jf;Ff; fhyk; khWtij njspthf mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd;wJ. 1990fspd; ,Wjpapy; njhopy; tha;g;G> mur rhh; mDruidfs;> tYf;fl;lha ,l efh;T> Fiwe;j tho;f;ifr; nryT Nghd;w fhuzq;f shy; kf;fs; efh;e;j NghjpYk; ,d;W mjpfkhNdhh; Nkw;nrhd;d fhuzq;fNshL jkJ gps;isfSf;fhd ,];yhkpa khh;f;ffy;tp> jpwikahd ghlrhiyf; fy;tp> cah; fy;tp> kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa r%f> Md;kPf> fyhrhu R+oy; fhuzkhfTk; ny];liu Nehf;fp FbNawp tUfpd;wdh;.

2011k; Mz;L rdj;njhif kjpg;gPl;bd; gb Rkhh; mWgjhapuk; K];ypk;fs; (khefu rdj; njhifapy; 18.6 tPjk;) thOk; ny];lh; khefupy; 55f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l gs;spthry;fSk; 11 ,];yhkpa ghlrh iyfSk; gy khiyNeu kj;u]hf;fSk;> r%f ey epWtdq;fSk;> ,];yhkpa miog;G ikaq;fSk;> njhz;lh; mikg;Gf;fSk;> tpisahl;Lr; rq;fq;f Sk; njhopy;rhh; mikg;Gf;fSk;> E}w;Wf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l `yhy; ,iwr;rpf; filfSk; cztfq;fSk; nfhs; Kjw;filfSlDk; trjpkpf;f Nritf;Fk; nghJj; Njitfis epiwTnra;tjw;fhd mjpf trjpfSk; tha;f;fg;ngw;w efukhf ny];lh; mike;Js;sjhy; ,q;F thotUk; ,yq;if K];ypk; kf;fs; NkYk; mjpfupf;f tha;g;Gs;sJ.










NritfSk;














nghJthf 2000Mk; Mz;L Kjy;

ny];liu Nehf;fp ,yq;if K];ypk;fs;

epue;jukhf efh;e;jhYk; 2005k; Mz;L

Kjy; ,yq;if K];ypk;fs; INuhg;gpa

ehLfshd gpuhd;];> n[h;kdp> xy;yhe;J

Rtpl;ryhe;J Nghd;w ehLfspypUe;Jk;

If;fpa ,uhr;rpaj;jpd; Vida

gpuNjrq;fspypUe;Jk; ny];liu Nehf;fp

efUk; tPjk; mjpfupj;jpUg;gij

fhzKbfpd;wJ. ,e;j efh;T

mjpfupg;Gf;F nry;thf;F nrYj;Jfpd;w

fhuzq;fs; fhyj;Jf;Ff; fhyk; khWtij

njspthf mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd;wJ.

”“

ny];lUf;F Kjyplk;












NritfSk;














(,f;fl;Liuahsh; 24-09-2001 Kjy; ,d;W tiu ny];lh; efupy; tho;tJld; nghJg;gzpfspYk; <Lgl;LtUgth;)

ny];lUf;F Kjyplk;



kjq;fs;> ,dq;fSf;F vjpuhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L tUk; ntWg;G gpur;rhuq;fisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; tifapy;; Fw;wtpay; rl;lj;jpy; rpy jpUj;jq;fs; nfhz;Ltug;gLtJ mtrpankd ,lJrhupAk;> mikr;rUkhd thRNjt ehzaf;fhu Rl;bf;fhl;bAs;sJld;> ,j;jpUj;jq;fis tpiutpy; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; rkh;g;gpf;fTs;sjhfTk; njhptpj;Js;shh;.

mz;ikf;fhykhf ,yq;ifapy; ,];yhj;ijAk; K];ypk;fisAk; mtkjpj;J nfhr;irg;gLj;Jk; tifapy; 25f;F Nkw;gl;l ,izaj;jsq;fSk; xU rpy gpuhe;jpathndhypfSk; Njrpa Clfq;fs; gyTk; nraw;gl;L tUfpd;wik ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

rpq;fg;G+hpy; ,t;thuhd rl;lk; xd;W 2005k; Mz;L mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 75 rjtPj rPdh;fSk; 14 rjtPj kyha K];ypk;fSk; 9 rjtPj ,e;jpa tk;rhtopapdUk; rpq;fg;G+hpy; tho;e;J tUfpwhh;fs;. ,d> kj ntWg;Gzh;Tfs; tsh;tjw;F JizahfTs;s nraw;ghLfis jLf;fNtz;Lkhdhy; rpq;fg;G+hpy; cs;sJ Nghy; ,yq;ifapYk; rl;lnkhd;W mKy;gLj;jg;gLtJ mtrpakhdJ! xU ifjl;b Xir tuhJ! ,g;gbahd rl;l%yj;ij ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; nfhz;Ltu my;yJ ,g;gbahd rl;l%yk; Jzpr;rYld; nfhz;Ltug;gLfpd;w NghJ mr;rl;l%yj;jpid Mjupf;f ekJ K];ypk; murpay; jiyikfisAk; eph;g;ge;jpg;Nghk;.

mikr;rh; thRNjt ehzaf;fhutpd; Kaw;rp

Documents

Social Vision (Samuka Nookku) | Vol 01 | June - July 2013