Slide Minggu 09_10_ Wall Materials - Technology

7/30/2019 Slide Minggu 09_10_ Wall Materials - Technology

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Eko Suwarno from :

Department of Civil Engineering

State University of Malang

Handout Minggu 09-10 TSB 310 Tek. Bahan Bangunan IISmt. Genap 2011/2012 - Senin 5-7 D9-304


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The Primary Purpose

External walls is purposed to enclose and protect the

building - space. In domestic construction these walls may also be used

to carry the loads from the upper floors and roof to thefoundations.

Wall Types:Bearing Curtain Wall

Single Solid Wall Cavity wall


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Single Solid Wall


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Cavity walls

These are constructed of two leaves of brickwork orblock work not less than 90 mm each in width,

separated by an air space or cavity width. The air space must be a minimum of 50 mm in width,

but may be 75 mm or even 100 mm in width.

In order to provide stability to the cavity wall, wall tiesshould tie the external and internal leaves together.


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Cavity Wall


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Functional requirements

The following functional requirements apply to thedesign of external walls:

Strength and stability Weather resistance

Sound insulation

Thermal insulation

Fire resistance

Durability

Appearance


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Wall Stength - Stability Bonding of bricks, both along the length of the wall and

also through its thickness, assists the distribution of theapplied load so that overstressing of materials at specificpoints is avoided.

Bonding is discussed in more detail in the chapter onBonding and openings in walls.

The wall also needs to be stable enough to resistoverturning due to the application of lateral forces or

buckling due to the excessive slenderness of the wall.


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Extenal Wall:

Resistance to horizontal rain penetration

The horizontal penetration of rain through the fabric

of the wall may be resisted in one of three ways: By building the wall thick enough to prevent

complete penetration: this relies on the weatherconditions changing before the rain penetrating

through the wall has the opportunity to reach theinternal surface.

The past technique rain penetration.


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Extenal Wall:

Resistance to horizontal rain penetration

Drying winds or solar heat will encourage evaporation

of the moisture within the wall from its externalsurface, thus drying the wall out.

If the wall is too thin then the rain penetratingthrough it may reach the internal surface before the

weather change ncouraging evaporation has hadenough time to take effect


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An impermeable barrier is provided to the external face

of the wall so that rain is prevented from penetrating intothe fabric of the wall.

Applying render or stucco (a material used in the past torender walls and comprising a mixture of lime, sand and

water, mixed with a small quantity of linseed oil to reduceits porosity)

An air cavitycan be created between the moist externalface of the wall and the dry internal face of the wall.Because rain cannot cross the air cavity (provided it is atleast 50 mm wide) then the internal surface of the wall willremain dry. This


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Slide Minggu 09_10_ Wall Materials - Technology