Sentence Types

(Practice on using conjunctions

Coordinators

F A N B O Y S

COORDINATORS

F A N B O Y S

O N O U R E OO N O U R E O

R D R T T

Compound Sentences

d addition The bell rang, and someone knocked on the door.

or addition You dont have to study, nor do you have to stay home.

r alternative You can stay home and study for the exam or your alternative You can stay home and study for the exam, or you can go out and enjoy yourself.

r condition I have to study or (else) I will fail the course.

ut contrast Dr. Joana was very sick, but she taught the class.

et contrast Her voice was very weak, yet the students understand her.

r cause Dr. Joana couldnt come, for she had a sore throat.

o result Ive been working hard all year, so Im going to take a vacation during the summer

With another student, complete the statements. When you finish, compare sentences with another pair of students.

This course began a few weeks ago, and.The students in the class down the hall are all men, ,but.I didnt attend class yesterday, for.Some students have been complaining about theSome students have been complaining about the amount of homework, yetMoney cannot buy love, nor.Some people love money more than anything elseSome people love money more than anything else, so.Ive been working hard all my life, yetI dont have a government scholarship for studyingI don t have a government scholarship for studying, norThe students must pass three out of five courses, oror

. After I finish my studies, I will get a job, or.

Paired conjunctionsj

b th dboth and

same same either or

structure structureneither nor

not only but alsonot only but also

Parallel structure with paired conjunctions

They want either to play tennis or golf*y p y g

They want either to play tennis or to play lfgolf.

orThey want to play either tennis or golf.

Identify the mistakes in each sentence:

He either lied or telling an unbelievable story.The discussion was neither exciting and interesting.He regularly studies both in the morning or in the evening.She not only passed the test but also receivng the highest score in the class.She trained as both an accountant and in nursing.

Combine the following sentences using paired conjunctionsusing paired conjunctions

ample:Y t t ll th t th Y t t j ilYou must tell the truth. You must go to jailEither you must tell the truth, or you must go to jail.

I will see you at home. I will see you in jail.The coffee is not good. It isnt hot.Sue has not arrived. She has not called.Tom has a car. He also has a motorcycle.Maria is coming to the party Sue is coming to theMaria is coming to the party. Sue is coming to the party, too.The teachers want one week less of classes. The director also wants one week less of classesdirector also wants one week less of classes.

Possible answers:

Either I will see you at home, or I will see you i j il ( ti l t l )in jail. (connecting complete clauses)This coffee is neither good nor hot. (connecting two adjectives)two adjectives)Sue has neither arrived nor called. (connecting two verbs))Tom has not only a car but also a motorcycle(connecting 2 noun objects)Both Maria and Sue are coming to the party.Not only the teachers but also the director

t k l f lwants one week less of classes.

Subordinators

after even though as soon as whether whileg

before though until who because

as although which whom how

if unless what whose

as if since when where

that so that whenever wherever

Complex sentencesp

Contain one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clause(s).

One idea is generally more important than the other one.

The more important idea is placed in the p pindependent clause, while the less important one will be placed in the dependent clause.

How will you combine these two ideas?ideas?

Einstein was a great physicist.Einstein was born in 1879.

Einstein, who was born in 1879, was a great physicist,

Einstein, who was a great physicist, was born in 1879,

(The second option is better because most people only know that hes a great physicist; thus, the fact that he was born in 1879 was the more important information to deliver)more important information to deliver).

Dependent Clausep

Group of words with Subject & VerbGroup of words with Subject & Verbis considered to have meaning but cant stand alonestand alone.

Consider these examples:p

If it rainsIf it rains

Because shes sick

When she died

Incomplete

Its weird

Are you a nut?

What do you mean?

Now Look at the next examples:

I wont be able to come to teach youyShes absentEverybody was thereEverybody was there

What do you think now?

Is it possible to combine these two sentences?sentences?

Everybody was there

but

I wont be able to come to teach youI won t be able to come to teach you

How about combining these?

If it rains

I wont be able to teach you

These sentences can be combined:

Shes absentbecause shes sick

Everybody was therey ywhen she died

We can also combine two or more complex sentences:complex sentences:

Shes absent because shes sick

E b d th

and even if

Everybodys there ,

I wont be able to come to teach you if it rains

Some ways of combining sentences:

Use coordinate conjunctions FAN BOYSjUse Subordinate conjunctions: if, because, though, whether, after, etc.though, whether, after, etc.Use conjunctive adverbs: Accordingly, furthermore instead besides thereforefurthermore, instead, besides, therefore, etc.Use p nct ation (comma semi colon)Use punctuation (comma, semi-colon)

F A d N B t O Y t SFor, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So

Dependent clause can be:p

a noun clause

an adjective clause

an adverbial clause

Identify what kind of clauses are these?these?

When she died (dependent clause)( p )

When she died was still a mistery forWhen she died was still a mistery for many years.Sh k tl th ti h hShe knows exactly the time when she died.Her mother was there when she died.I dont know when she died.

Now do the exercisesOn page 114

Nuclear accidents can happenppetc.