Seminar-Unit 4

CE 114

Infant, Toddler, and Early Childhood Development

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Unit Four Project Directions

• Download the template in docsharing. Refer to the rubric in the course syllabus.

• Include

1. the cover page,

2. one-paragraph,

3. milestones table

4. references page

• For the paragraph:

• In addition, include a one-paragraph analysis addressing the fact that individuals develop at varying rates.

Unit Four Project Directions

• Developmental Stages Chart - Using the charts on milestones of development found in our text along with other unit material create a chart of your own. This chart needs to combine some landmarks in each of the following stages from birth to three years of age: physical and motor development; psychosocial development; and cognitive development. When creating your chart, choose a reasonable sampling from each area; these could be milestones of development that strike you as most meaningful.

• Include 6 items in each area

Unit Four Project Directions Cont.

• Expected developmental milestones are based on the idea that children tend to follow similar developmental patterns. When doing this activity, keep in mind that current thinking about expected patterns of growth and development tells us that multiple biological and environmental influences affect both the sequence and timing of motor skills.

Unit 4 Project

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In text citation

• Activities for children need to focus on developmental domains (Segal, Bardige, Woika & Leinfelder, 2005).

• According to Segal, Bardige, Woika and Leinfelder (2005), activities for children need to focus on developmental domains.

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References- Title of textbook

Segal, M., Bardige, B., Woika, M.J., & Leinfelder, J. (2005). All About Child Care and Early Education: A Comprehensive Resource for Child Care Professionals. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

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Resources to use

• Baby Center

• http://www.babycenter.com/milestone-charts-birth-to-age-3

• Baby Center. Retrieved from www…

Unit 4 Outcomes

• After completing this unit, you should be able to:

• Identify milestones in infants, toddlers, and early childhood development

• Discuss ways to facilitate social, emotional, and cognitive development

• Describe factors that influence the cognition, language, and literacy development of infants

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Thought for the day

“We can whenever we choose successfully teach all children…

We already know more than we need to know in order to do that!”

Ron Edmonds

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Topic one

Do you believe that the attachments made in infancy have an effect on us throughout life? Please share an example from your own experience to illustrate your point of view.

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Components of Attachment

• Safe Haven: When the child feel threatened or afraid, he or she can return to the caregiver for comfort and soothing.

• Secure Base: The caregiver provides a secure and dependable base for the child to explore the world.

• Proximity Maintenance: The child strives to stay near the caregiver, thus keeping the child safe.

• Separation Distress: When separated from the caregiver, the child will become upset and distressed.

• http://psychology.about.com/od/loveandattraction/a/attachment01.htm

Characteristics

• Children with secure attachment: Exhibit distress when separated from caregivers

and are happy when their caregiver returns. Seek comfort from caregivers.

• Children with ambivalent attachment: Ambivalently attached children usually become

very distressed when a parent leaves (7-15%)

• Children with avoidant attachment: avoid parents or caregivers.

Attachment Quiz

• http://psychology.about.com/library/quiz/bl-attachment-quiz1.htm

Attachment Theory

Bowlby researched mother and babies in the 50’s and 60’s.

Institutionally raised infants had difficulty forming solid relationships.

Bowlby’s theory: four phases of attachment

(Black & Puckett, 2009)

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Bowlby’s Four Phases of Attachment

Phase I: Indiscriminate responsiveness to humans in first 12 weeks of life.

Phase II: Focus on people within their environment from 3 to 6 months of age.

Phase III: Actively proximity seeking at 6 months to 3 years of age.

Phase IV: Partnership Behaviors from 3 to end of childhood.

(pp. 162-

164, Black & Puckett, 2009)

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Attachment

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPcNoGl1Lkw (1 of 4) 7:05 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhrMvzd5ZiU&NR=1 (2 of 4) 8:22 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gP1RIygrDVo&feature=related

( 3 of 4 ) 9:22 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPsKlBwvi3g&feature=related

( 4 of 4 ) 2:34

 

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Mary Ainsworth: Different Attachment Behaviors

Insecure attachment: anxious and avoidant ( no change when mother left or returned, avoided or ignored both parents and strangers).

Secure attachment (observable distress, sought close proximity and physical contact upon mother’s return, mother’s presence gave baby confidence to interact with strangers and environment).

Insecure attachment: anxious and resistant (observable distress, sought close proximity upon mother’s return, resisted physical contact with mother, exhibited emotions of anger with mother, remained wary of strangers).

(p. 164, Black & Puckett, 2009)

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Social Learning Theory

This theory holds that the infant and early child develops as an active participant in learning.

The infant or early child will use cognitive abilities to focus on past learning recalling the consequences of a behavior, and future outcomes of a behavior.

Reciprocal determinism: social development is influenced by factors in the environment, the baby’s family, and culture.

Socialization: values and behaviors are established by what the baby’s family and society deem as appropriate.

(p.167, Black & Puckett, 2009)

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Psychosocial Development

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Temperaments

Emotions

Modes of Communication

Sense of Awareness

Interactions

Play Behaviors

Consistent and Nurturing Caregivers

Bonding and Attachment

Environment, social, and cultural factors

Safe to explore

Foundations for mental health (Black & Puckett, 2009)

Topic two

Describe ways infants communicate throughout the first year. How can we encourage communication with our infant?

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The End

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References

Black, J.K., & Puckett, M.P., (2005). The young child: Development from prebirth through age eight. Fourth Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Jupiter Images Corporation, (2007). Clipart.com. Retrieved August 28, 2007 from website: http

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