SECTIONSECTION 11Chapter 19, Section 1Chapter 19, Section 1

Ch. 19 S E C T I O N 1

The Unalienable RightsThe Unalienable Rights12.2 Students evaluate and take and defend positions on the 12.2 Students evaluate and take and defend positions on the

scope and scope and limits of rights and obligationslimits of rights and obligations as democratic as democratic citizens, the relationships among them, and how they are citizens, the relationships among them, and how they are secured. secured.

Discuss the meaning and importance of each of the rights Discuss the meaning and importance of each of the rights guaranteed under the guaranteed under the Bill of RightsBill of Rights and how each is and how each is secured (e.g., freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, secured (e.g., freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, petition, privacy).petition, privacy).

12.5 Students summarize landmark 12.5 Students summarize landmark U.S. Supreme Court U.S. Supreme Court interpretations of the Constitutioninterpretations of the Constitution and its amendments. and its amendments.

Understand the Understand the changing interpretations of the Bill of changing interpretations of the Bill of RightsRights over time, including interpretations of the basic over time, including interpretations of the basic freedoms (religion, speech, press, petition, and assembly) freedoms (religion, speech, press, petition, and assembly) articulated in the First Amendment and the articulated in the First Amendment and the due processdue process and and equal-protection-of-the-law equal-protection-of-the-law clauses of the clauses of the Fourteenth Fourteenth Amendment.Amendment.

SECTIONSECTION 22

A Commitment to FreedomA Commitment to Freedom

Chapter 19, Section 1Chapter 19, Section 1

The listing of the general rights of the people can be found The listing of the general rights of the people can be found in the first ten amendments in the Constitution, also known in the first ten amendments in the Constitution, also known as the as the Bill of RightsBill of Rights..

In general, In general, civil libertiescivil liberties are protections are protections against against government.government.

They are guarantees of the They are guarantees of the safety of persons, opinions, safety of persons, opinions, and property from arbitrary and property from arbitrary acts of government.acts of government.

The term The term civil rightscivil rights is is sometimes reserved for sometimes reserved for those those positive acts of positive acts of governmentgovernment that seek to that seek to make constitutional make constitutional guarantees a reality for all guarantees a reality for all people.people.

SECTIONSECTION 33

What are Civil Liberties?What are Civil Liberties?

SECTIONSECTION 44

Limited GovernmentLimited Government

Rule of Law-Rule of Law- no one is above the no one is above the Law of the LandLaw of the Land

Law of the Land-Law of the Land- document that document that rules the land, U.S. Constitutionrules the land, U.S. Constitution

SECTIONSECTION 55

Limited GovernmentLimited Government

Chapter 19, Section 1Chapter 19, Section 1

Throughout the Constitution, the extent of governmental authority is Throughout the Constitution, the extent of governmental authority is strictly limitedstrictly limited..

• The rights that the Constitution guarantees to The rights that the Constitution guarantees to citizens are also limitedcitizens are also limited. .

• People in the United States are free to do as they please as long as they do not People in the United States are free to do as they please as long as they do not infringe upon the infringe upon the rights of othersrights of others. Rights are relative.. Rights are relative.

• Sometimes, different rights Sometimes, different rights conflict conflict with one another, such as the freedom of the press and the right with one another, such as the freedom of the press and the right to a fair trial.to a fair trial.

SECTIONSECTION 66

The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights

SECTIONSECTION 77

Bill of Rights: The Bill of Rights: The first 10 freedoms provided to us.first 10 freedoms provided to us.

1- freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, 1- freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petitionpetition

2- right to bare arms2- right to bare arms 3- quartering of troops3- quartering of troops 4- protection from search and seizure4- protection from search and seizure 5- criminal proceedings, due process5- criminal proceedings, due process 6- criminal proceedings, fair and speedy trial with a jury6- criminal proceedings, fair and speedy trial with a jury 7- trial by jury7- trial by jury 8- protection from cruel and unusual punishment8- protection from cruel and unusual punishment 9th Amendment – Constitutional rights do not deny 9th Amendment – Constitutional rights do not deny

other rightsother rights 10- powers reserved to the states10- powers reserved to the states

SECTIONSECTION 88

Federalism and Individual RightsFederalism and Individual Rights

Chapter 19, Section 1Chapter 19, Section 1

The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights The most famous of the The most famous of the

Constitution’s guarantees Constitution’s guarantees apply only to the apply only to the National National GovernmentGovernment, not the , not the government of the States.government of the States.

The Supreme Court held The Supreme Court held that the Bill of Rights only that the Bill of Rights only restricts the National restricts the National Government in Government in Barron Barron v. v. Baltimore, Baltimore, in 1833. in 1833.

The Modifying Effect of the The Modifying Effect of the 14th Amendment14th Amendment

The 14th Amendment’s The 14th Amendment’s Due Due Process ClauseProcess Clause provides that provides that no State can “deprive any no State can “deprive any person of life, liberty or person of life, liberty or property, without due process property, without due process of law…”.of law…”.

However, to include rights However, to include rights under that heading, the under that heading, the Supreme Court had to define Supreme Court had to define the rights on a case by case the rights on a case by case basis, called basis, called the process of the process of incorporationincorporation. .

SECTIONSECTION 99

The Due Process Clause and the The Due Process Clause and the Incorporation DoctrineIncorporation Doctrine

SECTIONSECTION 1010

The 9th AmendmentThe 9th Amendment

““The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others shall not be construed to deny or disparage others

retained by the people.”retained by the people.”

The Ninth Amendment states that the American people The Ninth Amendment states that the American people possess rights that are not set out possess rights that are not set out explicitly in the explicitly in the Constitution.Constitution.

It has been used to It has been used to protect rightsprotect rights as various as the rights as various as the rights of the accused to a woman’s right to abortion without of the accused to a woman’s right to abortion without undue interference by government.undue interference by government.

Chapter 19, Section 1Chapter 19, Section 1

SECTIONSECTION 1111

Pair-SharePair-ShareWe all have rights. We all have rights.

Does that mean well have Does that mean well have the right violate other the right violate other people's rights?people's rights?

Chapter 19, Section 1Chapter 19, Section 1