Second Condi

7/27/2019 Second Condi

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Second conditional excercises

Carlos Adrin Mtz Almanza

1 What would you do if you ______President?

are

were

will be

would be

2 If motorists had to pay an extratax to drive in cities, they ______their cars a lot less.

use

used

will use

would use

3 If public transport ______ free,less people would use their cars.

is

were

will be

would be

4 If you ______ rich, what carwould you have?

are

were

will be

would be

5 If your boss ______ you to workall week-end, what would you

say? asks

asked

will ask

would ask

6 If I ______ a Rolls Royce, I'd giveit away to charity. I don't believepeople should own big cars.

have

had

will have

would have

7 If I went to Russia, I ______ theHermitage museum.

visit

visited

will visit

would visit

8 If you lend me some money, I______ you back tomorrow.

pay

paid

will pay

would pay

9 I ______ more exercise if I wereyou. You're getting fat.

take

took

will take

would take

10I ______ to him if I were you.

don't listen

didn't listen

won't listen

wouldn't listen

11I ______ by tomorrow, if I havetime.


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come

came

will come

would come

12If my company asked me to moveto another country, I ______

refuse

refused

will refuse

would refuse

13If it ______ tomorrow, we won'tgo.

rains

rained

will rain

would rain

14If I never see her again, it ______too soon.

is

was

will be

would be

15If you don't want me to do it, I______ it.

don't do

didn't do

won't do

wouldn't do

16If you were the last person in theworld, I ______ you for help.

don't ask

didn't ask

won't ask

wouldn't ask

17If Emmanuelle wasn't so stupid,she ______ what a mistake shehas made.

realizes

realized

will realize

would realize

18If we hadn't changed supplier, we

______ in the mess we are nowin.

aren't

weren't

won't be

wouldn't be

19If I have time, I ______ you.

call

called

will call

would call

20I ______ do that, if I were in yourshoes.

don't do

didn't do

won't do

wouldn't do


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1. If we (have)had

a yacht, we (sail)w ould sail

the seven seas.

2. If he (have) more time, he (learn) karate.

3. If they (tell) their father, he (be) very angry.

4. She (spend) a year in the USA if it (be) easier to get a green card.

5. If I (live) on a lonely island, I (run) around naked all day.

6. We (help) you if we (know) how.

7. My brother (buy) a sports car if he (have) the money.

8. If I (feel) better, I (go) to the cinema with you.

9. If you (go) by bike more often, you (be / not) so flabby.

10.She (not / talk) to you if she (be) mad at you.

Fill in the spaces with the correct form of the verb for these 2nd conditionalsentences.

1. If I (have) more time, I would read more.

2. If she won the lottery, she (can buy) a new house.

3. Would you live in an apartment if you (live) downtown?

4. If I could play the guitar, I would (join) a band.

5. I (eat) more fruit if I lived in Mexico.

6. If I played soccer, I (be) in better shape.

7. Where would you go on vacation if you (can) go anywhere in the world?

8. Would you work in France if you (have) the chance?

9. If I could be any super hero, I (be) Superman.


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10. They would wake up early if they (work).


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Practice 1: Complete thesesentences with the pastsimple or would + verb.

1. What if you lost your job?(you, do)

2. If a wallet, would youkeep it? (you, find)

3. If you, he wouldn't keepbuying you presents. (he, not, love)

4. In what

situation someone? (you,kill)

5. that coat if I had moremoney. (I, buy)

6. If we bought her a pet dog, do you

think after it? (she, look)

7. If on the moon, I don'tknow what I would eat. (I, live)

8. If I made you a cup of

tea, it. (you, not, drink)


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Second Conditional Exercise atAuto-English

IF + PAST SIMPLE , WOULD + INFINITIVE

WOULD+ INFINITIVE + IF + PAST SIMPLE

Fill the gap using the verb in brackets. 5 gapsneed a NEGATIVE verb!

1 I ___________________ that if Iwere you. It's bad luck. (to do)

2 They'd be a better team if they___________________ fitter. (to be)

3 If I had some spare money, I___________________ a DVDplayer. (to buy)

4 Those children___________________ so horrible iftheir parents were stricter. (to be)

5 I wouldn't go out with him even ifyou ___________________ me. (topay)

6 If we ___________________ so

hard, we wouldn't be so tired all thetime. (to work)

7 If she didn't take so long in theshower, she___________________ more timefor breakfast. (to have)

8 If you ___________________ somuch beer, you wouldn't be so fat.(to drink)

9 The world ___________________ a

better place if politicians were lessvain. (to be)

10 I ___________________ to visitThailand if I had the chance. (tolove)

11 If I had more free time,I ___________________ a play. (to

write)

12 If you ___________________ adigital camera, you could sendphotos by email. (to have)

13 He would definitely lose weight ifhe ___________________ eatingcarbohydrates and sugar. (to stop)

14 We could go travelling across Franceif we ___________________ a tent.(to buy)

15 Valencia would have the perfectclimate ifit ___________________ so hot inJuly and August. (to be)

16 If I understood more aboutcomputers,I___________________ help youout. (to be able to)

17 I wouldn't do that ifI ___________________ you. (to be)


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REMEMBER: The second conditional is used

to talk about unrealsituations in

the present (things that are impossible, that

won't happen, etc.) - Choose the correct

response for each of the sentences:

1. If his nose were smaller, he _________

very handsome.

would be

was

2. I would come if I _________ a car.

would have

had

3. If she _________, she would tell him.

knows

knew

4. If his parents didn't give him money, he

________ so much.

wouldn't go out

didn't go out

5. If she ________ me, she would have told

me.

didn't believe

wouldn't believe

6. He wouldn't say that if he ________ it.

wouldn't mean

didn't mean

7. I ________ on a trip around the world if I

won the lottery.

would go

will go

8. I ________ that if I were you.

will not do

would not do

9. If these walls _________ thicker, we

wouldn't hear the neighbors.

would be

were

10. If I were a millionaire, ________ a

mansion.

I'd buy

I'm going to buy


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SECOND CONDITIONALLa segunda condicional se utiliza para expresar una condicin improbable o imposible. Para entender a quhacemos referencia vamos a ver un ejemplo.

Si fuese rico, me comprara una casa.

PARA QU SIRVE?

Utilizamos las condicionales para indicar una condicin y un resultado y por lo tanto consiste en dosfrases, la principal y la que indica la condicin.

Las segunda condicional indica lo que ocurrira si se diese la condicin, aunque es improbable oimposible que suceda.

CMO SE FORMA?

AFIRMATIVA: Las segunda condicional se forma con el pasado simple en la 'if-clause' y con el would en la'main clause'.

[IF...+ PAST SIMPLE] + [WOULD + VERBO PRINCIPAL]Si ganase la lotera, me comprara una casa.

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house

* En este caso indicamos algo improbable, ya que es una situacin que rara vez ocurre.

Tambin se puede utilizar los modales 'could' y 'might' en la frase principal.

Si ganase la lotera, me podra comprar una casa.If I won the lottery, I could buy a house

NEGATIVA: Para hacer una condicional negativa podemos utilizar dos estructuras diferentes. La primera

sera negando los verbos normalmente.

Si no ganase la lotera, no me comprara una casa.If I didnt win the lottery, I wouldnt buy a house.

* Como podemos ver en el ejemplo, simplemente negamos las frases. Recuerda que pueden estar lasdos negadas o slo una de ellas.

Sin embargo, tambin podemos utilizar 'unless' seguido del verbo en afirmativa, manteniendo el mismosignificado.

Si no ganase la lotera, no me comprara una casa.Unless I won the lottery, I wouldn't buy a house.

* Recuerda que 'unless' significa 'a menos que' o 'si no', por lo que ya indica un significado negativo.

INTERROGATIVA: La segunda condicional suele aparecer en preguntas, ya que con ello podemospreguntar por supuestos imaginarios.

Qu haras si ganases la lotera?What would you do if you won the lottery?

Me comprara una casa.


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I would buy a house.

QU DEBO RECORDAR?

WAS/WERE: Debemos recordar que cuando usamos el verbo 'to be' podemos utilizar la forma 'were' (enlugar de 'was') para todas las personas.

Si yo fuese t comprara un coche nuevo.

IfI were you, I would buy a new car.

Si l fuese rico comprara un coche nuevo.

Ifhe were rich, he would buy a new car.

*A veces lo encontraremos con 'was', pero es una forma menos formal, especialmente eningls americano.

ESTRUCTURA: Cuando hablamos de oraciones condicionales debemos tener en cuenta queestn formadas por dos frases.

1 La 'if-clause' que es la frase que contiene la partcula 'if'. Esta frase indica la hiptesiso condicin.

2 La 'main clause', es decir, la frase principal. Esta frase lo que indica es el resultado.

ORDEN: Recuerda que estas dos frases pueden intercambiarse el orden, es decir, que podemostambin encontrar la 'main-clause' primero y luego la 'if-clause'.

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.

I would buy a house if I won the lottery.

*1Cuando la 'if-clause' est delante separamos las frases con una coma, de lo contrario noes necesario.

*2Recuerda, adems, que podemos encontrar 'would' contrado.


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Type I or II

Complete the Conditional Sentences. Decide whether to use Type I or II.

1. If they go to Washington, they (see) the White House.

2. If she (have) a hamster, she would call him Fred.

3. If he gave her a sweet, she (stop) crying.

4. If he (arrive) later, he will take a taxi.

5. We would understand him if he (speak) slowly.

6. Andy (cook) dinner if we buy the food.

7. I will prepare breakfast if I (wake up) early.

8. If they shared a room, they (fight) all day long.

9. If you hate walking in the mountains, you (enjoy / not) the tour.

10. Janet would go jogging if she (have / not) to do her homework.

Practice 2: First or Second Conditional? For each pair of sentences below, one could be a futurepossibility, and the other a present/future imaginary situation. Choose the correct tense tocomplete the sentences.

1. He loves being a teacher, but if a doctor, more money.

2. He's studying medicine. If a doctor, a lot of money.

(he, become, earn)

3. They want a dog, but they live in London. If in the country, a dog.

4. They are thinking of moving to the country. If in the country, a dog.

(they, live, buy)

5. She's really tired. If out tonight, so tired tomorrow.

6. She's really tired. If out every night, so tired all the time.

(she, not go, not be)

7. You're going to open a cake shop? Well, if these cakes, a fortune!

8. Your home-made cakes are delicious. If them, a fortune!

(you, sell, make)


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Put the verb into the correct form. Key.

1 They would be offended if I didn ' t go to their party. (not / go)2 If you took more exercise, you would feel better. (feel)3 If they offered me the job, I think I ___________ it. (take)

4 A lot of people would be out of work if the car factory ___________. (close down)5 If I sold my car, I ___________ much money for it. (not / get)6 (in a lift) What would happen if somebody ___________ that red button? (press)7 I don't think there's any chance that Gary and Emma will get married. I'd be absolutelyastonished if they ___________.(do)8 Liz gave me this ring. She ___________ very upset if I lost it. (be)9 Dave and Kate are expecting us. They would be very disappointed if we ___________. (not /come)10 Would Steve mind if I ___________ his bike without asking him? (borrow)11 What would you do if somebody ___________ in here with a gun? (walk)12 I'm sure Sue ___________ if you explained the situation to her. (understand)

You ask a friend to imagine these situations. You ask What wou ld you do if ... ?

Key.

1 (imagine - you win a lot of money)What would you do i f you w on a lot of money?

2 (imagine - you lose your passport)What _______________________________________

3 (imagine - there's a fire in the building)_____________________________________________

4 (imagine - you're in a lift and it stops between floors)_____________________________________________

Answer the questions in the way shown. Key.

1 A: Shall we catch the 10.30 train?B: No. (arrive too earlv) I f we caugh t the 10.30 train, we'd arr ive too early.

2 A: Is Kevin going to take his driving test?B: No. (fail) If he __________________________________________

3 A: Why don't we stay at a hotel?B: No. (cost too much) If __________________________________________

4 A: Is Sally going to apply for the job?B: No. (not / get it) If __________________________________________

5 A: Let's tell them the truth.B: No. (not / believe us) If __________________________________________

6 A: Why don't we invite Bill to the party?B: No. (have to invite his friends too) __________________________________________

Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. Key.

1 If you took more exercise, you 'd feel better.2 I'd be very angry if ____________________3 If I didn't go to work tomorrow. ____________________4 Would you go to the party if ____________________5 If you bought some new clothes, ____________________6 Would vou mind if ____________________
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1. Put the verb into the correct form.1. They would be offended if I didn't go to their party.2. If you took more exercise, you would feel better.3. If they offered me the job, I think I would take it.4. A lot of people would out of work if the car factory closed down.5. If I sold my car, I wouldn't get much money for it.6. (in a lift) What would happen if somebody pressed that red button?7. I don't think there's any chance that Gary and Emma will get married.I'd be absolutely astonished ifthey did.8. Liz gave me this ring. She would be very upset if I lost it.9. Dave and Kate are expecting us. They would be very disappointed if we didn't come.10. Would Steve mind if I borrowed his bike without asking him?11. What would you do if somebody walked in here with a gun?12. I'm sure Sue would understand if you explained the situation to her.

2.You ask a friend to imagine these situations. You ask 'What would you do if ...?'1. (imagine-you win a lot of money)What would you do if you won a lot of money?2. (imagine-you lose your passport)What would you do if you lost your passport?

3.(imagine-there's a fire in the building)What would you do if there was a fire in the building?4. (imagine- you're in a lift and it stops between floors)What would you do if you was in a lift and it stoped between floors?

3. Answer the questions the way shown.

1. A: Shall we catch the 10.30 train?B: No. If we caught the 10.30 train, we would arrive too early.2. A: Is Kevin going to take his driving test?B: No. If he took his driving test, he would fail it.3. A: Why don't we stay at a hotel?B: No. If we stayed at a hotel, it would cost too much.

4. A: Is Sally going to apply for the job?B: No. If she applied for the job, she wouldn't get it.5. A: Let's tell them the truth.B: No. If I told them a truth, they wouldn't believe us.6. A: Why don't we invite Bill to the party?B: No. If we invented Bill to the party, we would have to invite his friends too.

4. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences.1. If you took more exercise, you'd feel better.2. I'd be very angry if my sister took my diary.3. If I didn't go to work tomorrow, a boss rebuked me.4. Would you go to the party if you had a lot of homework?5. If you bought some new clothes, you would be happy.

6. Would you mind if someone asked your phone number?

Put the verb into the correct form.1 If I knew (know) his number, I would phone him.2 I wouldn ' t buy (not / buy) that coat if I were you.3 I _______________ (help) you if I could, but I'm afraid I can't.4 We would need a car if we _______________ (live) in the country.5 If we had the choice, we _______________ (live) in the country.


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6 This soup isn't very good. It _______________ (taste) better if it wasn't so salty.7 I wouldn't mind living in England if the weather _______________ (be) better.8 If I were you, I _______________ (not /wait). I _______________ (go) now.9 You're always tired. If you _______________ (not / go) to bed so late every night, you wouldn'tbe tired all the time.10 I think there are too many cars. If there _______________ (not / be) so many cars, there_______________ (not / be) so much pollution.

Write a sentence with if ... for each situation1 We don't see you very often because you live so far away.

I f you didn ' t l ive so far away, we'd see you m ore often.

2 This book is too expensive, so I'm not going to buy it.I'd ____________________ if _____________________!

3 We don't go out very often - we can't afford it.We _____________________________________________

4 I can't meet you tomorrow - I have to work late.If _____________________________________________

5 It's raining, so we can't have lunch outside._____________________________________________

6 I don't want his advice, and that's why I'm not going to ask for it.

If _____________________________________________

Write sentences beginning I wish ... .1 I don't know many people (and I'm lonely). I wish I knew more people.2 I don't have a mobile phone (and I need one). I wish ________________________3 Helen isn't here (and I need to see her). ________________________4 It's cold (and I hate cold weather! ________________________5 I live in a big city (and I don't like it). ________________________6 I can't go to the party (and I'd like to). ________________________7 I have to work tomorrow (but I'd like to stay in bed). ________________________8 I don't know anything about cars (and my car has just broken down). ___________________9 I'm not feeling well (and it's not nice). ________________________

Write your own sentences beginning I wish...

1 (somewhere you'd like to be now - on the beach, in New York, in bed etc.)I wish I _______________________________

2 (something you'd like to have - a computer, a job, lots of money etc.)_______________________________

3 (something you'd like to be able to do - sing, speak a language, fly etc.)_______________________________

4 (something you'd like to be - beautiful, strong, rich etc.)_______________________________


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Compare these examples:(1) Lisa has lost her watch. She tells Sue:

Lisa: I 've lost m y watch . Have you seen it anywhere?

Sue: No, but i f I find it , I' l l tell you .In this example, Sue feels there is a real possibility that she will find the watch. So she

says: if I find..., I'll... .

(2) Joe says:I f I found a w al let in the street, I'd take it to the p ol ice station.

This is a different type of situation. Here, Joe doesn't expect to find a wallet in the street: heis imagining a situation that will probably not happen.

So he says: if I found ... , I'd (= I would) ... . (not if I find ..., I'll ...)

When you imagine something like this, you use if + past (if I found / if there was / if we didn'tetc.). But the meaning is not past:

What would you do i f you w on a mi l l ion pounds? (we don' t real ly expect th is to happen)

I don ' t real ly want to go to thei r party , but I probably w i l l go. They'd be upset i f I d idn ' t go.

I f there was (or were) an elect ion to morrow , who w ould you vote for?

We do not normally use would in the if-part of the sentence:

I 'd be very fr ightened i f somebody pointed a gun at me. (not if somebody would point) I f I didn ' t go to th eir party, they'd be upset. (not If I wouldn't go)

But you can use if ... would when you ask somebody to do something:

( f rom a formal le tter) I would be gratefu l i f you wou ld let me know your decis ion as soo n

as poss ib le.

In the other part of the sentence (not the if-part) we use would ('d) / wouldn't:

I f you took more exerc ise, you 'd(= you would) feel better. I'm not tired. If I went to bed now, I wouldn't sleep. Would you mind if I used your phone?

Could and might are also possible: I f you took more exerc ise, you might feel better . (= it is possible that you would feel better)

I f it stopped ra in ing, we could go out. (= we would be able to go out)

Do not use when in sentences like those on this page:

They'd be up set i f I d idn ' t go to thei r par ty . (not when I didn't go)

What would you do i f you w ere bi t ten by a snake?(not when you were bitten)


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Study this example situation:

Sarah wants to phone Paul, but she can't do this because shedoesn't know his number.She says:I f I knew his number, I would phone him .

Sarah says: If I knew his number ... . This tells us that she doesn't know his number. She isimagining the situation. The real situation is that she doesn't know his number.

When you imagine a situation like this, you use if + past (if I knew / if you were / if we didn't

etc.). But the meaning is present, not past: Tom wo uld read mo re i f he had mo re t ime. (but he doesn't have much time) I f I didn ' t want to go to th e party, I wouldn ' t go. (but I want to go) We wouldn ' t have any m oney i f we didn ' t work. (but we work) I f you were in m y posi t ion, what would you do?

I t 's a pi ty you c an't dr ive. It wo uld be usefu l i f y ou co uld.

We use the past in the same way after wish (I wish I knew /I wis h you

wereetc.). We use wishto say that we regret something, thatsomething is not as we would like it to be:

I wish I knew Paul 's ph one num ber.(= I don't know it and I regret this)

Do you ever wish you could f ly?

(you can't fly) I t rains a lot here. I wis h it didn ' t rain so often.

I t 's very crowd ed here. I wish there weren' t so many people.(there are a lot of people)

I wish I didn ' t have to work tom orrow, but unfo r tunate ly I do.

If I were / if I wasAfter if and wish, you can use were instead of was (i f I were ... / I wi sh it wereetc.). I was /it was are also possible. So you can say: I f I were you , I wou ldn' t bu y that coat. or If I was yo u, ... I 'd go o ut i f i t weren ' t so cold. or . .. i f i t wasn ' t so cold .

I wish Carol w ere here. or I wish Carol was h ere.


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We do not normally use would in the if-part of the sentence or after wish:

I f I were rich, I wou ld have a yacht . (not If I would be rich) I wish I had som eth ing to read. (not I wish I would have)

Sometimes wish ... would is possible: I wish you would listen.

Could sometimes means 'would be able to' and sometimes 'was/were able to':

You could get a better job (you could get = you would be able to get)if you could use a computer. (you could use = you were able to use)

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Second Condi