Science Starter!

Be seated before the bell rings, with desk clear of anything except your binder, pen/pencil, calculator and

signed syllabus/lab safety contract.

Mathematics Review

Scientific Notation

a.bc X 10 d

ALWAYS in the same format!

NEVER:

ab.c X 10 d

0.abc X 10 d

Writing in Scientific Notation

143,000,000,000.

Move decimal left or right until there is ONE digit in the one’s place. Count the spaces moved:

1.43000000000 [11 spaces]

Write the number as a decimal, and use the number of spaces moved as the exponent

[ Positive if the number is larger than 1, Negative if the number is a decimal ]

1.43 x10 11

Base Units

Variable Unit Abbreviation

Distance meter m

Time seconds s

Speed (Velocity)

meters per second

m/s

Mass kilogram kg

PrefixesLetters used to represent powers of 10:

Prefix Symbol Multiplier

nano - n 10-9 0.000000001micro - μ 10-6 0.000001milli - m 10-3 0.001

centi - c 10-2 0.01kilo - k 103 1,000

mega - M 106 1,000,000

Example

980 nm 1.Identify the prefix and the unit

“n”: nano “m”: meter2.Scientific notation form: replace prefix with multiplier.

980 x 10-9 m3.Expanded form

0.000000980 m

Conversions

Factor-Label Method tips:

1.Write the quantity you are given.2.Next to your “given”, write the conversion

factor as a fraction, with the same unit that is in the “given” on the bottom.

3. Multiply across the top and the bottom, then simplify.

Conversion Factors

Metric - English

1 yard = 3 ft1 ft = 12 in

1 mi = 5,280 ft1 in = 2.54 cm 1 m = 3.281 ft

Metric - Metric

1,000,000,000 nm = 1 m1,000,000 μm = 1 m

1,000 mm = 1m100 cm = 1 m

1,000 m = 1 km

Ex: How many centimeters are in 5.5 ft?

(1)

(2)

(3)

Dimensional AnalysisEx. Convert 20 m/s to ft/min.

1) Write the “given” as a fraction:

2) Convert the distance to the right:

3) Convert the time to the left:

4) Multiply across the top and bottom:

5) Simplify your answer: