Sappi eQ Journal 5

7/28/2019 Sappi eQ Journal 5

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eQ JOURNAL ISSUE 00

RETHINKINGRECYCLING


2/38

4FOUR

QUESTIONS

2PCW ISNT

ALWAYS PC

9PICKING APART

OUR TRASH

15THE BEST USE OF

RECYCLED FIBER

27SAPPIS

ENVIRONMENTAL

COMMITMENT

35CREATIVITY

MATTERS

32KNOWLEDGE

IS POWER

TABLE

OF

CONTENTS

10SINGLE STRE

RECYCLING


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For decades, recycled content was the

go-to attribute or making environmentally

preerable materialsin both paper and other

industries. It seems intuitive that i recycling

is good or the environment, then using

recycled ber must also be good. And i a littlebit o something is good, then more must be

better. However, as the science o sustainability

has matured, we have come to view issues more

holisticallyto approach complex concepts

with systems thinking.

Weve learned that whats in your paper

is only part o the picture. Responsible

sourcing o materials is critical, but we must

also consider the environmental impacts o

manuacturingincluding those associated

with processing scrap paper. There are vast

dierences in systems that make deinked

pulp or use in graphic paper versus otherrecycling systems that have higher yield with

less environmental impact.

Using recycled ber is not a one-size-ts-

all solution. In act, the US Federal Trade

Commission (FTC) has issued environmental

marketing guidance, stating that Claiming

Green, made with recycled content may be

deceptive i the environmental costs o using

recycled content outweigh the environmental

benets o using it.

Despite the act that paper ar outshines

other materials in recovery rates, there are stillmajor opportunities and challenges ahead.

When assessing the ull lie cycle o printed

materials, we know that greenhouse gas emissions

rom landll disposal are a key contributor

to a products carbon ootprint. The growth o

single stream recycling has improved recovery

rates, but it also has signicant downstream

LAURA M.

THOMPSON, PhD

Director o

Technical Marketing

and Sustainable

Development

Sappi Fine Paper

North America

LETTER FROM THE EDITOR

Recycling paper is a great way to reduce our environmental

footprintbut how we put that fiber to use is not a simple

one-size-fits-all solution. We need to be responsible.

We need to follow the science. We need to put recoveredfiber to its best use, where it will lower emissions and

the consumption of natural resources.

impacts or paper in terms o increased costs

and lower quality. But many regions have passed

the tipping point o investment in collection

and sorting systems, so we must learn to cope

with these challenges.

One solution is to make sure that recoverediber is put to its be st use. We must work

to ensure that iber lows to where it makes

the most economic and environmental sense.

Its easy to believe that more recycled content

is always better, but the answer is not that

simple. We are committed to researching and

ollowing the science behind this complex issue

We invite you to explore these issues with

us. In this edition o the eQ Journal, we review

recycled ber markets, oer an in-depth look

at single stream recycling, learn about the trade-

os associated with using recycled ber in

dierent applications and hear rom leadersacross other segments in the industry.

We also discuss Sappis overall commitment

to waste management and our eorts to

support recycling education and outreach. We

touch on the importance o lie cycle analysis,

as we detail the cradle-to-gate greenhouse gas

emissions at our Somerset Mill.

Lastly, we oer insights or how everyone

can reduce their environmental impact across

the lie cycle o printed materials. We must

continue to increase paper recovery and do our

homework to make appropriate procurementdecisions. We must also stop looking at recycling

as an excuse or excessive consumption and

remember the other Rs that come rst: reduce

and reuse. So when you are nished with this

journal, please consider keeping it or uture

reerence, or share it with a riend (or two)

and then recycle it.

1Rethinking Recycling


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PCW ISNT

ALWAYS PCThese days, its common to believe

we should use as much post-

consumer recycled fber in as many

paper grades as possible. Unortu-

nately, its not that simple. The true

story is much more complicated.

You have to dig deeper. Read on tolearn the surprising truth about the

complex world o paper recycling.


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Why is it importantto recycle paper?

Can our society reach100% recycling

o paper products?

WASTE REDUCTION IS A FUNDAMENTAL TENETo sustainability and recycling is an integral element

o any solid waste management plan. Its one o the th ree

Rs were all amiliar with: reducereuserecycle, practiced

in that order. The environmental benets o recycling vary

greatly between programs. For materials like e-waste,

it is critical to minimize exposure to hazardous materials.

For household products like aluminum or glass beverage

containers, there are enormous energy savings or using

recycled materials over processing raw materials. The

number one reason to recycle paper is to avoid the generation

o greenhouse gases in landlls.

Organic materialsincluding ood waste, grass clippings

and leaves decompose much aster than other materialsin landlls. In the absence o oxygen, one o the by-products

o biodegradation is methane. Methanealso known as

natural gashas a global warming potential that is 25 times

higher than carbon dioxide. This is why many municipalities

require that grass clippings and leaves be separated rom other

waste streams. By managing these streams separately they

can develop composting systemswhich break down materials

in the presence o airto avoid methane generation.

The same is true or the ber in paper products. By keeping

these materials out o landlls, the ber can be put to use

and avoid methane ormation.

FOR RECYCLING IN GENERAL, THE MAJORbarriers or increasing recovery rates are access and

education. In other words, people need to understand

what can be recycled and where. While most o us quickly

become amiliar with recycling programs at home or in

school, we may experience dierent programs at work and

in public venues. Or worse yet, we may not have access

to recycling at all.

For paper products, recovery rates in the US are at an

all-time high. In act, paper recovery increased by 1.2

million tons in 2011, liting the recovery rate to a record-high

66.8%. Thats up rom 63.5% in 2010 and 33.5% in 1990.

Digging deeper into the data reveals that the recovery

o printing and writing grades lags behind that o otherproducts, like corrugated containers. As an industry segment,

we have to do better. While some paper products can never

be recycled (e.g., personal hygiene products like bathroom

tissue and towel), all o Sappis coated ine papers can

and should be recycled. I 87% o Americans have access

to curbside or drop-o paper recycling programs, we can

iner that recycling magazines and catalogs is not limited

by access, but perhaps simply by awareness. For this

reason, we are strong supporters o recycling education and

outreach, and we encourage corporate marketers and

graphic designers to use please recycle statements or logos

on all printed pieces.I you are unsure whether something can be recycled,

the best solution is to seek out inormation rather than

err toward landlling. Resources like Earth911.com can help

identiy recycling acilities.

FOUR QUESTIONS

4 Sappi eQ Journal : Issue 005


7/38

What is singlestream recycling?

Why doesnt Sappimake coated papers

with 100% recycled

content?

THE TERM SINGLE STREAM RECYCLING ISused to reer to collection processes where recyclable

materials are comingled, or all placed in a single bin. By

contrast, some recycling programs are designed to separate

various materials, collecting glass, metals and plastics

separately rom paper. While single stream systems typically

result in lower collection costs and higher overall recycling

rates, unortunately they also lead to increased levels o

cross-contamination. For example, paper collected through

single stream systems will contain more glass, plastic and

organic matter, ultimately leading to higher costs and lower

quality or paper recycling acilities.

Several studies have shown that the downstream costs

associated with additional sorting and lower quality dueto contamination are greater than the savings achieved

through single stream collection methods. However, because

the cost burden o collection (borne primarily by munic-

ipalities and ultimately residents) is typically separated

rom the rest o the value stream (the scrap materials

markets), it is unlikely that the momentum toward single

stream recovery will be reversed.

In addition to municipal programs, many oce buildings

are also turning to single stream collections. Unortunately,

this means high-value oce paper is oten comingled with

other products and ends up in a mixed paper stream

instead o staying separated.I given a choice, think about downstream processing

and separate recyclables when you can.

IN MANUFACTURING, SELECTION OF MATERIALSmust balance economic and environmental consider-

ations alongside perormance attributes. At Sappi, we oer

products with up to 30% recycled ber derived rom

post-consumer waste.

Unortunately, it is an oversimplied notion to universally

promote maximizing recycled ber in all paper products.

Paper is not monolithic; certain paper grades and even certain

mills are better suited or using recycled ber than others.

There are vast dierences between processing recycled

ber or packaging applications versus doing so or premium

papers. Some mills are int egrated with pulping systems,

while others rely on purchased iber. Pulping can be done

mechanically (e.g., groundwood) or chemically (i.e., kratpulping). Depending on the grade and the application, there

may or may not be bleaching involved. And so on. Ultimately,

recycled ber should be used in products where it does not

create a higher net environmental impact.

Many people are surprised to learn that recycled ber

processed to meet our quality standards or brightness

and cleanlinessis actually more expensive than manuac-

turing pulp on-site rom wood. Recycled bers are lower

in strength than virgin ber and as a result there are physical

limitations to how much recycled iber can be utilized

without compromising the strength properties o the paper.

Because most o the energy used to process recycled beris purchased rom the power grid, many deinking mills have

higher carbon emissions than Sappis integrated pulp mills

that use more renewable energy sources. In act, our analysis

shows that adding 10% recycled ber to products made

at our Somerset mill actually raises the carbon ootprint

o those products by 16%.



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Its timrecyclthinki


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e toyourg.


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PAPER

28.5%

GLASS

4.6

METALS

9.0%

PLASTICS

12.4%RUBBER, LEATHERAND TEXTILES8.4%

WOOD

6.4%

YARD TRIMMINGS

13.4%

FOOD SCRAPS

13.9%

OTHER

3.4%

TOTAL MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTEGENERATED IN 2010

250MILLION

TONS

In 2010, Americans on

average produced 4.43

pounds o trash or

every man, woman and

child in the country,

every day. O the 250

million tons generated,

we managed to compost

or recycle roughly 85

million tons o Municipal

Solid Waste (MSW)

thats just over one-

third, 34.1%.



11/38

Municipal Solid WasteWHERE IT COMES FROM AND WHAT WE DO WITH IT

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) consists o

materials ordinary citizens throw into the

trash at our homes and oces. This includes

everything rom ood scraps to lawn waste to

old tires and computerseven paper products.

MSW does not, however, include industrial or

construction waste.

All MSW doesnt necessarily have to wind

up in a landll, but unortunately most o it

does. In act, around two-thirds o everything

RECYCLING

PICKING APARTOUR TRASH

we as a society throw into the trash makes its

way into a landll. However, there are a wide

range o environmental benets to be reaped

rom recycling various materials. For materialslike e-waste it is possible to recover precious

metals and eliminate potential environmental

damage. For household products like aluminum

or glass beverage containers, there are

enormous energy savings or using recycled

materials over processing raw materials. The

number one reason to recycle paper is to avoid

the generation o greenhouse gases in landlls.

The good news is that educational programs

and greater access to recycling acilities have

resulted in a signicant rise in recycling rates

since the middle o the 20th century. In act,

recycling rates in the US have increased 432%

since 1960. So were doing a much better job

today than we have in the past, but as you can

see in the chart below, there is still plenty o

room or improvement in recycling the materials

we consume on a daily basis.

88.16.4%

121.16.6%

151.619.6%

208.316%

242.528.6%

249.934.1%

19701960 1980 1990 2000 2010

MSW GENERATION (MILLION TONS)

MSW RECYCLING RATES

Solid waste generation

increased by 0.77

pounds per person per

day between 1980and 2010, while recycling

rates also increased

during that same period

up rom less than 10%

in 1980 to about 34% in

2010. The total amount

o waste going to landlls

has remained over

160 million tons per year

since 1990.



12/38

GLASS

PLASTICS 1 7

METALS

THINKING FORWARD

A wide range o materials

can now be recycled,

but there is still a long

way to go to increase

participation and eec-

tiveness o recycling

programs. More impor-

tantly, every municipality

is dierent. Be sure

to check with your local

recycling acility to

learn specically which

materials are acceptable

or recycling and just

as importantly, which

materials are prohibited.

Where access to

recycling is not available,

encourage your local

community to consider

oering services.

HOW IT HAPPENS

SINGLE STREAMRECYCLING

TOGETHER IN

ONE BIN

CURBSIDE

PICKUP

DUMPED ONTO

TIPPING FLOOR

FEED

CONVEY

PAPER AND

PAPERBOARD

Single stream recycling is being implement

by municipalities to lower costs o waste handling

while increasing participation in recycling progra

Single stream systems collect all recyclable materitogether, in one bin, and then separate them late

at a centralized sorting acility. This approach me

that residents dont have to separate paper, plasti

metals, glass and other recyclables in their hom

or oces. Instead, everything goes into one bin an

gets separated and organized at a materials recov

acility ater collection.

But single stream is not without its drawba

Many paper recyclers have seen a decrease in th

quality o recovered paper as the adoption o sin

stream recycling has increased. Contaminatio

rom fuids, ood and other materials in the recovsystem (especially broken glass) are largely

responsible or this decrease in quality. Some ite

like plastic bags, can wreak havoc on separation

systems and should be recycled separately. Ev

still, many communities have concluded that the

increased participation in recycling programs an

cost savings that result rom single stream decide

outweigh some o its downstream drawbacks.



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STEP ONE

The rst thing that happens is the

material gets dumped into a

pit and metered onto a conveyor

system. We have an inspection

station that pulls out any kind o

gross contaminat ion. That

ncludes things that would oul

up our system, like hoses or

propane tanks that we dont want

o let into our sorting system.

EXPERT INSIGHT

Kevin Roche o ecomaine, a single

stream recycler, takes a moment

owalkus through thesinglestream

ecycling process.

SIZING IT UP

The next piece o equipment

is a cardboard separator,

which basically separates

the cardboard by size.

So anything newspaper-size

or smaller alls through,

including all the containers.

Largerthannewspaper-sized

material, which is predom-

inantly cardboard or very

large plastic, passes over

the screen.

SCREEN ALL ABOUT IT

Ater the second pre-sort we have

a newspaper screen that separates

the newspaper. The newspaper

goesover thescreen andeverything

else alls through, which would

be the plastic, metal, glass and

mail. The third screen is a mixed

paper sorter.SNAGS IN THE SYSTEM

Plastic bags are the bane o single

streamrecyclers. Theyclog upthe

machine gears and usually cannot

berecycledby mostsinglestream

recyclers anyway. This means they

wind up in a landill, so please

dont include them in your recycling

bin. Instead, take them to a

grocery store that accepts a nd

recycles plastic bags. For more ino

visit PlasticBagRecycling.org.

RESIN IDENTIFICATION CODES

Resin codes help recyclers sort plastics based on their

polymer type. Dierent types o plastics are ound in

household waste, and not every acility recycles all types.

Be sure to check with your local recycling program to

determine which plastics are accepted.

NUMBER CRUNCHER

Our automatic PET separator separates the

number one PET containers, and then by

hand we separate the two, three, our, all

the way up to number seven plastics.

PRECIOUS METALS

The container stream fows

down the system and

theres a magnet that pulls

out the errous product.

CLEAN BREAK

A glass separator breaks the

glass and screens out the glass

particulate material.

RIGID PLASTICS

SEPARATED

BALED SOLD

CARDBOARD

SEPARATED

BALED SOLD

NON-RECYCLABLES

SEPARATED

LANDFILL

PLASTIC BAGS

SEPARATED

BALED SOLD

NEWSPAPER,

OFFICE PAPER &

MAIL SEPARATED

MANUAL

QUALITY

CONTROL

GLASS

SEPARATED

MANUAL

QUALITY

CONTROL

STEEL & TIN

SEPARATED

BALED

1ST

PRE-SORT

DISK

SCREENS

2ND

PRE-SORT

COMBINATION

NEWS SCREENS

GLASS

BREAKER

MAGNET OPTICAL

SCANNER

POLYETHYLENE

TEREPHTHALATE

Plastic beverage

bottles and ood

jars.

LEFTOVERS

Unortunately, ce

cannot be recycle

eorts. Ater recyc

or energy produc

preerred use or w

the material shou

last possible optio

other options have

THE HUMAN TOUCH

Despite all the advancements in sorting technology, materials

are still constantly winding up where they shouldnt be. Quality

controllers manually separate anything missed or misplaced

by the automated sections o the recycling system.

FAST EDDY

An eddy current separates the aluminum

by liting it over the conveyor and dropping

it into its own bin.

LIGHT PLASTICS

SEPARATED

BALED SOLD

PAPER

SEPARATED

CERAMIC & STONE

SEPARATED

WATER

MISTER

OPTICAL

SCANNER

COLLECTED SOLD

BALED

SOLD

OTHER PLASTICS

SEPARATED

SOLD

MANUAL

SORT

EDDY

CURRENT

WHATEVER IS

LEFT OVER

BALED SOLD

ALUMINUM

SEPARATED

BALED SOLD

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE

Its important to note that recycling is the last leg

Reuse, Recycle mantra. Where possible, try to red

omaterialsand reuseitemsbeoreinsertingthem i

stream. Using paper as an example, good design c

on press; magazines, books and catalogs can be

to riends; and at the end o their useul lives, all p

should be recycled.

HIGH DENSITY

POLYETHYLENE

Shampoo and

cleaning bottles,

toys, shipping

containers.

POLYVINYL

CHLORIDE

Cookingoil bottles,

pipes, encing,

medical tubing.

LOW DENSITY

POLYETHYLENE

Grocery and

garbage bags,

shrink-wrap.

POLYPROPYLENE

Medicine bottles,

bottle caps,

automotive parts.

POLYSTYRENE

Disposable cups

and utensils,

oam ood

packaging.


14/38

Paper RecoveryWHY WE NEED TO RECYCLE

Paper, in particular, is an important

material to recover due to the amount

o methane it can produce i allowed to

decompose in a landll. And methane

is 25 times worse than carbon dioxide

in terms o its global warming

potentialor the ability to trap heat

in the atmosphere. Recycled ber also

provides benets in terms o reduced

water usage and energy savings or

many applications. It is important to

remember, though, that recycled ber

alone cannot meet all our ber supply

needs, as recycled ber breaks down

losing strength characteristicsevery

time it is recycled. Furthermore, anestimated 15% o paper products such

as tissues cannot be recycled. Virgin

ber must be used to meet the global

demand or ber and should be sourced

rom responsibly managed orests. 81%Paper and paperboard

recovery has increased 8

between 1990 and 2011

Methanewhich can be

by paperdecomposingin

has a global warming

25x higher than CO2.

25x

Did YouKnow?

50MillionThe amount o wood and paper

Americans trash every year holds the

energy potential to heat 50 million

homes or 20 years.

14,00One million tons o reco

can ll more than 14,000


71.362.5%

31.08.2%

22.435.1%

11.527.1%

HOW WERE DOING

This chart gives you an idea o how well were

currently recovering common recyclable

materials in the US. As you can see, regardless

o material, a large portion o recyclable

materialsstillwinds upin a landll. Weare missing

opportunities to conserve natural resources

and reduce our environmental impact.

PAPER &

PAPERBOARD

PLASTICS METALS GLASS

MATERIAL GENERATION

(million tons generated in 2010)

MATERIAL RECYCLING RATES

(selected materials in 2010)


15/38

Were constantly looking for and finding new

products that can use recovered fiber. Were making

a floor cover for industries and convention centers

that dont want to ruin their floors, tubes for

pouring concrete, products for the produce industry

and others. Were proud to make products that

are made of 100% recycled fiber. If it werent for

our industry, it would be back in the landfill.

JOHNNY GOLD

THE NEWARK GROUP

338pounds

3.3cubic yardsEvery ton o paper recycled

saves more than 3.3 cubic yardso landll space.

3.52Every short ton o mixed paper thatis not sent to landll avoids 3.52 metrictons o CO2 equivalents.

Lie cycle analysis has shown that the

end o liehow a product is disposed

ocontributes nearly as much to the

carbon ootprint o a paper product

as the manuacturing process.

In 2011, the amount o paper

recovered or recycling averaged

338 pounds or every man, woman

and child in the United States.

87% (268 million) o Americans have

access to curbside or drop-o paper

recycling programs.

268Million

%Material Acquisition%

End o Lie

%Manuacturing

%Distribution/Use

%Printing and Converting



16/38

We wholly support the waste hierarchy, which

is Reduce, Reuse, Recyclein that order.

Once we get material into our facility, our first

priority is to recycle it. Converting it to waste

energy is the second-best option for the planet.

Landfilling, though, is the lowest priority and

should be treated as a last resort, so to speak.

KEVIN ROCHE

ecomaine



17/38

RESPONSIBILITY

THE BEST USEOF RECYCLEDFIBER

The amount o ber available or re-use

is largely dened by two actors: recovery

rate (i.e., collection) and processing yield

(i.e., whats let ater the recovered ber

is processed or re-use). As this diagram

illustrates, dierent paper products are

recycled at dierent rates. As a society, we

should strive or the highest levels o

collection possible.

The iber that is recovered has many

potential uses, but as you can see, some appli-

cations o recycled ber, such as printing

and writing paper, require more processing

and have lower yields than other grades

such as cardboard and paperboard.

Combining recovery rates and processing

yields, we see that the example or printingand writing paper has more than double the

loss o the paperboard application.

PRINTING AND

WRITINGPAPERBOARD

20%not collected

32%not collect

4%lost duringprocessing

27%lost duringprocessing

76%total yield

41%total yield



18/38

Processing recycled ber or use in

lower-grade paper products is more cost

ecient and has less environmental

impact than processing the same iber

or use in higher-grade paper products.

Processing by GradeUNDERSTANDING YIELD

Once paper makes its way through the

collection and sorting processes, it is then baled

and sold to recyclers where it can be made into

pulp and ultimately, new paper products. Thevast majority o recovered paper is traded

through brokers; however, some scrap

suppliers (like printing plants) may have direct

relationships with recycling acilitiesand in

some areas entrepreneurial groups (e.g.,

schools or scouts) are establishing collection

drives to sell scrap paper to acilities.

As the recovered paper gets processed,

a certain percentage o the paper iber is lost

along the way. According to Ron Fox o

leading boxboard producer Graphic Packaging

International, All recovery systems lose yield

as they process ber, its wear and tear. You wetit and rework it, and you lose yield the more

you process it. He likens it to tires on a car. You

dont see it, but theyre wearing all the time.

And the more miles you put on, the more you

lose. Fiber is kind o the same thing.

For use in lower-grade products such as

boxboard containers, recovered ber undergoes

minimal processing and produces minimal

waste. According to Fox, When we reuse the

ber, were basically just ltering out the

non-brous, extraneous materials like plastics

and metal. We keep all the ber and additives.So when were making containerboard or

boxboard, at the lowest our yield is about 90%.

Generally we yield about 97%, 98%. The key

to this higher yield is to keep the processing to

a minimum, says Fox. We dont do too much

to the ber. We dont deink it, we dont bleach

it, we dont do anything to degrade that ber.

On the other end o the spectrum, higher-end

products such as writing and printing paper

require a much cleaner, purer ber. Cleaning,

ltering and processing recovered ber to

meet the tough standards o graphic paper

requires additional energy and chemicals

to raise its quality and separate the ber rom

materials such as clay and ink. This additional

processing also creates more waste. According

to Fox, All processing creates waste. When

you deink and so on, you create an additional

waste stream. Then, as you develop the ber

back into usable products, you generate more

waste as well. Its not just ree.

The additional waste can be signiicant.

Deinking acilities that process recovered

bers or use in graphic paper routinely report

much lower yields around 70%with some

studies reporting yields as low as 60%.

HOW MANY TIMES CAN

PAPER BE RECYCLED?

It is possible to recycle

ber an estimated 47

times, but in reality, due

to collection rates and

process losses, as much

as 80% o the ber canbe lost ater two rounds

o collection and

processing. Furthermore,

the quality o the ber

weakens signiicantly

with each round o

processing.

RECOVERED FIBER

The US EPA encourages

the use o the term

recovered ber over

waste to acknowledge

that this material is a

valuable resource. To beconsidered recycled it

must be repulped. Paper

cannot simply be recut

or repackaged to count

as recovered-content

paper. Furthermore,

recovered ber does not

include orest residues

such as sawdust

and wood chips rom

orestry operations.

POST-CONSUMER

PAPER

Paper and paper

products recovered

rom homes, oces,

retail stores, etc.

POST-INDUSTRIAL

PAPER

Converting and printing

scrap, newsstand

returns and overruns,

obsolete inventory,

damaged stock and

scrap rom papermaking.

SCRAP

PAPER

BROKER



19/38

DYES AND

ADDITIVES

TRANSPORT

TO PULP

MANUFACTURER

PULPING

WATER

WATER

SURFACTAN

BLEACHING

CHEMICALS

PACKAGING

WATER

VIRGIN FIBER

AND WATER

COATING

MATERIALS

COATING

MATERIALS

PACKAGING

PACKAGING

AIR AND

DISPERSANTS

SCREENING

CONTAMINANT

REMOVAL

AND FIBER LOSS

CLEANING

GLUE

REMOVAL

AND FIBER LOSS

DEINKING

INK SLUDGE

REMOVAL

AND FIBER LOSS

WASHING

DRYING

WATER

COATINGCALENDERINGFINISHING REELINGNOW YOU

HAVE A CLEAN

SHEET OF PAPER

SHEET

FORMING

WATER

PRESSING

WATER

STOCK

BLENDING

PROCESSING AND

SCREENING

FIBER LOSS

RE-PULPING PULP

REFINEMENT

TRANSPORT

TO PAPER MILL

COATING DRYING

WATER

CALENDERINGREELINGNOW YOU

HAVE A NEW

PAPERBOARD

PACKAGE

FINISHING

PRESSING

WATER

SHEET

FORMING

WATER

PROCESSING AND

SCREENING

CONTAMINANT

REMOVAL

AND FIBER LOSS

PULP

REFINEMENT

PULPINGTRANSPORT

TO INTEGRATED

PACKAGING

FACILITY

BLEACHINGPRESSING

WATER

FINISHING DRYING

WATER

NOW YOU

HAVE CLEAN

RECYCLED PULP


20/38

Just as there are wide variations

in paper grades, there are many

dierent types o recycled

ibers derived rom dierent

sources. Below is a selection

o recovered paper types and

common uses.

Pulp Substitutes

Unprinted shavings, clippings

and letovers o wood-ree

papers rom mills, print shops

and converters. The highest

quality recycled ber, oten used

in place o virgin ber.

High-GradeDeinking Paper

Bleached chemical grade

(wood-ree) ofce papers and

coated book stock. Used

in high-grade graphic papersand tissues.

Mixed Paper

Broad category o mail,

telephone books, paperboard,

specialty grades, magazines,

catalogs and all grades

not elsewhere specied. Used

in paperboard, tissue

and construction materials.

Newspapers

Old newspapers, white blank

news, mixed groundwood and

coated groundwood. Oten used

to make recycled newspapers,

paperboard and tissue.

Old Corrugated

Unbleached and colored krat

papers used in corrugated

media and solid linerboard, ber

cores, krat paper and bags.

Used to make shipping boxes(corrugated containers) and

product packages.

Unrecyclable

Some products such as tissues

and paper towels cannot be

recycled or urther use in the

ber cycle.

COATED FREESHEET

Glossy magazines,

catalogs, direct mail and

corporate brochures

UNCOATED FREESHEET

Cut sheets or copier and printerwell as envelopes and billing appl

COATED MECHANICAL

Lightweight magazines,

catalogs, coupons and inserts

PACKAGING CONVERTING

Product labels, git-wrap

and multiwall bags

BOXBOARD

Rigid packaging such as

rozen oods, cosmetics

and pharmaceutical boxes

CONTAINERBOARD

Most brown shipping

containers including

linerboard and

corrugated medium



21/38

Fiber PhysicsHOW BEST USE TRICKLES DOWN

Not all paper ber is created equal. The

quality o virgin ber is determined by its source,pulping process and whether or not bleaching

is involved. Mechanical processing tends to be

harder on ibersbreaking iber length

and compromising strength. Virgin, krat and

sotwood bers are generally the strongest

wood-based bers, while bleached hardwood

bers provide the right surace, uniormity

and opacity or printing and writing grades. Hard-

wood and sotwood bers are oten blended to

achieve the right combination o ber properties.

However, once virgin ber is used, it will

never be the same. The more you use ber, the

more it breaks down and the weaker it becomes.

How paper is recovered also has a signiicant

impact on quality and suitability. Recovered

paper is classiied by its source and level o

contamination. In act, the Institute o Scrap

Recycling Industries (ISRI) currently denes

47 dierent grades o paper stock used or

re-pulping (recycling). There are an additional

28 specialty grades o paper currently

tradedmany o which are not considered

recyclable by US standards (e.g., wax-coated

boxboard and poly-coated cup stock). Much

o this ber is either exported or consumed

domestically or energy generation.

A paper products tolerance or a high per-

centage o recycled ber increases dramatically

as you move into certain paper categories.

Cardboard and boxboard, or example, can use

almost zero virgin ber and still meet all their

perormance requirements. According to Johnny

Gold o paperboard and packaging manuac-

turer Newark Group, We make products that

are 100% recycled content, and the rigors o

our recycled boxboard versus a virgin boxboardare no dierent in terms o quality and how it

stands up to its environment.

Ron Fox o boxboard manuacturer Graphic

Packaging International also sees this

advantage. We can handle all grades and any

iber source when it comes to boxboard

and paperboard, says Fox. We can use more

o a blend o short and long bers. And in

corrugated packaging, you can use all grades

in certain quantities.

By contrast, the type o ber used in high-end

graphics applications is limited to pulp

substitutes (primarily rom post-industrial

sources) and high-grade deinking papers

that require signiicant processing. So while

high-quality papers can be used in many

subsequent applications, it is not possible to push

bers up the quality ladder. Many reer to this

as down-cycling.

THE CONTENT OF

COATED PAPER

In coated papers, roughly

one-third o the product

is comprised o coatings

and iller not iber.

So the ber portion must

be strong enough to

support the sheet through

high-speed printingpresses as well as olding,

binding and everyday

use. Because recycled

ber is signicantly

weaker than virgin ber,

there are limitations in

the amount o recycled

ber that can be added

while maintaining

strength specications.

There are also challenges

o achieving brightness

and shade characteristics

This is in stark contrast

to something like tissue

and towel grades thatare not subjected

to the rigors or quality

demands o high-end

printing applications.

UNCOATED

MECHANICAL

Telephone books,

circulars and

magazine inserts

PULP SUBSTITUTE

Scraps rom the

papermaking and

converting processes

at paper mills

and print shops

NEWSPRINT

Low-cost paper used

in newspapers and

advertising materials

TISSUE/TOWEL

Toilet paper, tissues,

paper towels 19Rethinking Recycling


22/38

Some consumers ocus on purchasing paper with a high

percentage o recycled ber. This drive or recycled content

is oten based on the alse assumption that more recycled

iber in every product and paper grade is always better or

the environment.

In reality, there are many other actors involved in the lie

cycle o paper, and these actors can only be ully understood

and quantied by taking a comprehensive Lie Cycle Analysis

(LCA) approach. LCA accounts or the environmental impact

o every step involved in the lie o paperthis includes

everything rom material acquisition and processing to end

use and disposal.

Sappi uses LCA to determine what applications o recycled

ber (and at which levels) can yield the most benet. As it

turns out, many Sappi papers that do not contain recycled ber

have a signicantly lower carbon ootprint than other papers

on the market that do contain recycled ber.In 2012, Sappi completed a cradle-to-gate carbon ootprint

analysis o our Somerset Mill located in Skowhegan, Maine,

using the Footprint Estimator or Forest Products (FEFPro)

developed by the National Council or Air and Stream

Improvement. This is an expansion o earlier reporting which

had been limited to our own direct emissions (Scope 1) and

emissions associated with purchased electricity (Scope 2). In the

cradle-to-gate study, we include Scope 3 carbon emissions

associated with material inputs (e.g., roundwood and chips,

pulping and bleaching chemicals, coatings and llers) as well

as those rom purchased pulps. Results o this analysis revealed

that our mill generates krat pulp with a ootprint o 0.77 kg o

CO2 per dry kilogram o pulp. This is roughly 20% lower than

emissions actors provided or purchased bleached krat, 50%

lower than thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) and 77% lower

than purchased deinked ber.

In act, our study o products made at the Somerset Mill

showed that adding 10% recycled content increases the products

carbon ootprint by 16%, compared to the same product made

with 100% virgin ber. It is important to note that the emissions

data or purchased pulps reported herein are based on best

available industry data and are not specic to Sappis suppliers.

We will be seeking primary data to urther rene this study,

but it is clear that substituting deinked recycled ber or Sappi

made pulp increases the carbon ootprint o those products.

CRADLE-TO-GATE CARBON

FOOTPRINT OF COMMON WOOD

PULPS USED IN PAPERMAKING

(kg CO2 eq/dry kg o pulp)

These lie cycle estimations illustrate

the carbon ootprints o dierent

pulp sources. Industry averages are

not necessarily representative o

specic suppliers and in all cases we

recommend seeking out primary

data sources.

PURCHASEDDEINKED FIBER

3.43

PURCHASEDTMP

1.65

PURCHASEDBLEACHED

KRAFT

0.99SOMERSET

SYNERGY PULP

0.77

Assessing the LieCycle o Paper



23/38

VIRGIN FIBER

50%

NON-SAPPIVIRGIN FIBER

10%RECYCLED FIBER

6%

OTHER

4%

PIGMENTS

30%

SAPPI CO2 EMISSIONS WITH AND

WITHOUT RECYCLED FIBER

(kg CO2 eq/kg o paper)

Adding recycled ber to papers made

at Sappis Somerset and Cloquet

acilities actually raises the carbon

ootprint o those papers.

Recycled ber comprises

o the total composition o

the product by weight, but it

responsible or 25% o the

carbon ootprint.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Our analysis revealed that the pulping process in particular is a signicant

contributor to the overall carbon ootprint o a paper product. Generally

speaking, krat pulping has a lower carbon ootprint than mechanical

processing and deinking processes due to their greater need or electricitywhich usually does not come rom renewable sources. The ootprint

estimations on this page refect emissions associated with every step

in the papermaking process rom material acquisition all the way

through the nished pulp product. For virgin bers, this includes wood

procurement and the pulping and bleaching chemicals; or deinking

pulps, this includes recovering, sorting and processing waste paper. The

analysis also includes the impact o materials (like pigments and binders)

used in the nished paper products.

INDUSTRYAVERAGE

2.2

SAPPICOATED

PAPER WITHRECYCLED

CONTENT

1.36SAPPI

COATEDPAPER

1.17

42%

25%

8%

12%

13%

CONTRIBUTIONTO CARBONFOOTPRINT

PRODUCTCOMPOSITION

BY WEIGHT



24/38

Beyond the technical and environmental

impacts associated with processing recycled

ber, the use o recovered paper is greatly

impacted by global trade. Companies across

the world that specialize in manuacturing

consumer and durable goodssuch as many

in China and Indianeed iber to create

product packaging, labels and shipping con-

tainers. This iber does not need to be

perectly white and ree o contaminants.

These are global commodities, says Bill

Moore o Moore and Associates, a paper

recycling consulting rm. The worlds entire

pulp paper and packaging production isnow about 55% recycled iber. So, weve

passed the 50% point, and i you go back to

about 1990, it would have been in the low 30s.

Thats an amazing increase, almost double

in just 20 years.

Producers o packaging or consumer goods

otentimes dont have enough volume o

recycled ber to meet their needs. When theres

not enough recycled ber available, companies

turn to using virgin iber. But as weve seen,

packaging and other lower-quality paper

products dont need to use a high percentage

o virgin ber in order to meet their peror-

mance requirements. In other words, using too

much virgin iber in lower-quality paper

products could in some cases be seen as a waste

o virgin ber. Whats more, the virgin ber

rom certain countries that makes its way into

these lower-end applications may not be comin

rom a responsibly managed orest, thus

potentially impacting orest health in those area

Environmental nongovernmental organ-

izations such as the World Wildlie Fund (WWF

now consider virgin ber rom well-managed

orests to be on par with recycled ber source

In stating their value system in the manual

or their paper scorecard, WWF says: WWF

mission is to saeguard biodiversity as well

as to reduce wasteul consumption. New virgi

ber will always be needed in paper production

as each time ber is recycled it loses quality an

thus cannot be recycled indenitely. The newibers need to be rom well -managed orests

Overseas demand continues to grow and

create high value or recycled papers. Because

we import so many nished goods rom oversea

exporting scrap paper takes advantage o

available shipping containers that must trave

between regions. We do not support policies

that would control or restrict air markets or

these products.

ABOUT CERTIFICATION

Third-party certication

programs provide assurance

that wood-based products

have been procured rom

well-managed orests and

are legally harvested. Sappi

currently holds chain-o-

custody certications rom

FSC, SFI and PEFC, the

leading independent entitiesdeveloping standards

or orest management.

Best UseHOW THE GLOBAL FIBER TRADE AFFECTS USE



25/38

WHERE DOES RECYCLED PAPER GO?

In 2011, 41% o the paper and paperboardrecovered in the US went to produce

containerboard and boxboard, the material

used or corrugated and olding boxes.

Exports (primarily to China) accounted or

42% o the paper recovered in the US.

PAPERNOMICS

As countries and economies continue to grow

across the world, so too will their need orrecovered ber. For many o these countries

and companies, using recycled ber is a business

decision, not an environmental decision.

NET EX(22,174

42

NEWSPRINT(1,836)

3%TISSUE(4,084)

8%

CONTAINERBOARD(15,993)

30%

BOXBOARD(6,046)

11%

OTHER(2,634)

5%

TOTAL RECOVERED FIBERIN 2011

52.8MILLION

TONS



26/38

A RISING DEMAND

Chinese demand or

recovered paper

increased rom 8 million

metric tons in 1995

to more than 65 million

metric tons in 2010,

with an estimated

demand o 100 million

metric tons by 2020.Thats a projected

growth rate o 53.8%

over the next decade.

1995

NORTH AMERICA

WESTERN EUROPE

JAPAN

OTHER ASIA

OTHER WORLD

CHINA

WORLD RECOVERED

PAPER DEMAND

(Million tonnes)


27/38

Holistic ResponsibilitySEEING THE FOREST THROUGH THE TREES

Everything in the world is interconnected. Thats why you cant look at your product or service

in a vacuum. At Sappi, we take a holistic view o the paper and printing industry. Our sphere o

infuence and impact extends well beyond our mill gatesrom materials acquisition through

manuacturing, use, disposal and reuse o our products.

RESPONSIBLE

SOURCING

100% o Sappi ber is

procured in accordancewith the SFI Fiber

Sourcing Standard as

well as the FSC Con-

trolled Wood standard.

Recycled ber is derived

rom post consumer

waste and is also FSC

certied. Sappi does not

have a deinking acility

in any o its operations.

All recycled ber is

purchased within North

America and is proc-

essed chlorine ree (PCF).

All krat pulp is elemental

chlorine ree (ECF) and

is either made onsite or

purchased within North

America.

RESPONSIBLE

DISTRIBUTION

A paper manuacturers

responsibility doesntend when their product

is out the door. Sappi

has committed to

an ecient distribution

network by becoming

a SmartWay transport

partner. SmartWay is

a collaboration between

the US EPA and

private reight carriers

ocused on reducing

carbon emissions and

conserving uel.

RESPONSIBLE

DISPOSAL

Lie cycle analysis o paper

has shown that how aproduct is disposed o can

contribute as much

to its carbon ootprint

as the manuacturing

process. Sappi supports

outreach and education

on the local and national

stages or recycling

o all paper grades,

especially printing and

writing paper.

RESPONSIBLE

MANUFACTURING

When it comes to respon-

sible manuacturing, thesource o energy used is

just as important as the

amount o energy used

maybe even more so.

Today, more than 80% o

Sappis total energy use

comes rom renewable

resources including the

energy generated onsite

as well as the energy

purchased rom the grid.

Reducing reliance on

ossil uels helps Sappi

stabilize energy costs

and reduce its carbon

ootprint.

IN PRACTICE

SAPPISENVIRONMENTALCOMMITMENT



28/38

2

3 4

5 6

1



29/38

Sappi Mill EfortsFINDING WAYS TO REDUCE OUR WASTE

At Sappi, we dont like waste. In act, we hate waste so much that we take

every step possible to reduce, reuse or recycle the materials we use in

our acilities. Our rst aim is to reduce consumption o materials whenever

possibleeliminating waste in this way drops straight to the bottom line.

We recycle a broad range o materials rom paper and printer cartridges

to batteries, building supplies and outdated inormation technology.We even recycle used oil and old asphalt.

We also engage with our communities to explore the use o alternative

uels. Our Westbrook mill uses construction and demolition wood waste

and converts it to energy in a biomass boiler. Our Somerset mill works with

a local supplier to convert discarded tires into a uel source. The use o

various waste materials as uel sources keeps these materials rom going

to landlls while reducing the need to purchase ossil uels such as coal

and uel oil.

1 RECOVERY BOILERThe chemical recovery

process is a recycling

process unto itsel designed to recapture

and reuse pulping

chemicals indeinitely.

At the heart o the

process, black liquor

is burned to create

renewable energy used

throughout the mill.

Scan the QR code to

learn more.

2 UNIVERSAL WASTERECYCLING

A range o dierent light

bulbs is collected at

Sappi acilities. Pictured

at let, fuorescent bulbs

are packed or recycling.

3 TIRE-DERIVED FUELUsed car and truck tires

have always been a

disposal problem. Tire-derived uel replaces

oil used in power boilers

at Sappis Somerset mill.

4 SEPARATINGRECYCLABLES

Recyclable paper, card-

board, wood and

metal are separated

or recycling in the

sorting area at Sappis

Somerset Mill.

5 WATER TREATMENTThe secondary clariier

is part o an extensivewater treatment system

at Sappis Somerset

mill, involving mechanical

and biological treatment

stages. The water

used in the pulp and

papermaking processes

is treated to protect

local receiving waters.

Water in paper mills

is essentially recycled

back to its original source.

On average the paper

industry returns 89% o

water intake while much

o the loss is through

evaporation in the local

ecosystem.

6 WOOD YARDBiomass boilers use scrap

wood and shavings

to provide a renewablesource o energy while

reducing greenhouse

gas emissions and

materials sent to landll.

7 LIME MUDBoiler ash and lime mud

rom the pulping process

is shipped to area arms

to help armers enrich

their soil and improve

crop yields.

Scan the QR code to

learn more.

7



30/38

E -WASTE

ALTERNATIVES

Founded in 2002, e-Waste

Alternatives Programs

mission is to provide com-

puters to historically

underserved populations

who do not have access

to inormation technology.

It has since evolved to

become a sel-sustaining

electronic waste recycling

irm that employs people

with learning disabilities

and mental handicaps.Reinvesting a little bit o

time in a computer has

ininitely more value than

that computers precious

metals do as scrap, says

e-Waste ounder Chris

Martin. Sappi supports

e-Wastes social and

environmental mission,

CODMAN ACADEMY

Founded in 2001, Codman Academy is a college-prepar

charter public school serving at-risk students in Bosto

Dorchester neighborhood. Sappi has long been a spo

o the community-based school, helping sponsor class t

and school-based recycling eorts. Its been a wond

partnership or us, says Dawn Leaness o Codman

Academy. And were so excited that its been around s

pretty much the beginning and that each year it continu

to grow stronger.

Reaching Our Customersand Our CommunitiesPARTNERSHIPS OF AWARENESS AND CHANGE

Sappi takes responsibility or recycling out-

reach and education very seriously. From

sponsoring local organizations to participatingin national and international industry

initiatives, Sappi strives to reach a broad range

o stakeholders with a primary ocus on

customers, employees and local communities.

Because Sappi had recently moved into

a new building and rolled out their

improved recycling plan, they were in a

really good place to help us do the same

thing. They told us about the process thatthey went through and the systems they

set up. We looked at the things they did

and how we could apply them in our

new building.

DAWN LEANESS

CODMAN ACADEMY

in one instance providing

process system analysis

that led to a 250% cap-

acity increase without the

need or physical

expansion. Companies

like Sappi really get it,

says Chris Martin. We are

now a totally sustainable

social enterprise, and let

me tell you, those are

rare. The taxpayers arent

paying or this. Grant

oundations arent paying

or this. This now operateson its own.



31/38

GREEN COMMUNITY DAY

In 2012, Sappi held its rst Sappi Green Community Day a day o un, ood, prizes

and awareness at the Sappi Westbrook Paper Mill. Cost o admission was one

nonperishable ood item per person, donated directly to local ood pantries or

amilies in need. The event ocused on creating awareness and an outlet or items

not commonly recycled through curbside programs. Participants were provided the

opportunity to recycle condential documents, sneakers, CDs and DVDs, small

electronics and eyeglasses. Additional activities ranged rom birdhouse building to

a bike rodeo structured to teach sae riding skills. Sappis oresters were also on

hand sharing inormation on the importance o responsible orestry.

RECYCLEMANIA

Sappi is proud to support

industry advocacy eorts

such as RecycleMania

an annual competition

among college and univer-

sity recycling programs

to promote waste

reduction. Schools across

the US and Canada

participate by reporting

their trash collectionrates over an eight-week

period. Categories vary

rom per capita recycling

to total waste reduction

BETTER PRACTICES/BETTER PLANET

Working with the American Forest and Paper Association, Sappi helped in the

development o Better Practices, Better Planet 2020 an extensive set o quantiable

sustainability goals or the paper industry, with a commitment to transparency and

progress. The largest sustainability program o its kind or any major US manuacturing

industry, Better Practices, Better Planet 2020 sets specic and challenging goals

or improving paper recovery and recycling, increasing energy eciency, reducing

greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable orestry practices while striving

or saer workplaces or employees.

We think so much about the

community and the things that we

do and what our employees

are doing, because were all part of

the communities that we liveand work in. The way I look at it,

our community is just an

extension of the mill environment

and our family there.

MARTY DUGGAN

Sappi

and more. Schools can

view their weekly updated

rankings online to track

their progress and moti-

vate their campus.

Winning schools receive

a trophy made o (what

else?) recycled materials.



32/38

So how do you become a responsible paper

purchaser? The most important thing is to do

your homework. Reading this journal is a great

rst step. Everyone along the supply chain,

including consumers, procurement oicers,

graphic designers, printers and paper distributors,

should educate themselves on where their

paper is coming rom and what went into

sourcing, producing and transporting it. Its impor-

tant to note that industry averages perormance

is rarely representative o individual products

or even companies. So call the paper company.

Inquire about their mill practices and any

certications they might hold. Ask about their

TAKE ACTION

KNOWLEDGEIS POWER

sources or virgin and recycled ber and or the

environmental perormance data o those

manuacturing acilities.

Just because a given paper incorporates recy-

cled ber does not mean that the company

that produced it employs sustainable practices.

Procurement policies that avor recycled ber

over wood ber could discount paper sources

with stronger environmental perormance

and could actually increase your environ-

mental impact!



33/38

RECYCLE!

Lie cycle analysis has shown th

the end o lie how a product is

disposed o contributes near

as much to the carbon ootprint

o a product as the manuacturin

process. We try to get the

message out or people to chec

their local recycling instructions

by reaching out to their governme

to see the systems regulations,

says Anne Bedar o the environ

mental nonproit GreenBlue.

Call your local government or loo

online to learn the recycling

breakdown or your area.

POST-CONSUMER VS. POST-INDUSTRIAL FIBER

You may encounter these terms in the world o recycled paper, and its helpul

to understand the dierences. POST-CONSUMER RECYCLED FIBER (PCRF)

accounts or any material that was once in the hands o a consumer. PCRF

includes direct mail pieces, magazines, catalogs, newspapers, cardboard

boxes and other paperboard packaging materials that would otherwise be

thrown into a landll. POST-INDUSTRIAL FIBER also known as pre-consumer

content includes scrap and by-products generated by the manuacturing

process o products. These can include printed deects, short rolls, paper

trimmings and other materials that would normally not be reused by

the manuacturer.

FTC ISSUES REVISED

GREEN GUIDES

In October o 2012, theUS Federal Trade Commis-

sion released its revised

Guides for the Use of

Environmental Marketing

Claims, also known as

the Green Guides.

These revised Guides are

intended to protect con-

sumers rom misleading

claims by helping

marketers ensure their

products environmental

claims are truthul

and nondeceptive.

KNOW PRODUCT

CLAIMS

An important product-

level distinction is the

dierence between the

claim made with

recycled materials and

the claim that something

is recyclable.

Relecting input rom

hundreds o consumers,

advocates and busi-nesses, these changes are

a win or consumers who

want to purchase greener

products and producers

who want to sell them,

says FTC Chairman Jon

Leibowitz. But this win-

win can only occur i mar-

keters claims are truthul

and substantiated. The

FTCs changes to the Green

Guides will level the

playing ield or honest

business people.

The term RECYCLED means a portion o that product was created rom something

that was pulled rom the waste stream, otherwise headed to the landll. For paper,

these claims should dierentiate between the recycled materials or example,

is just the ber recycled or some other component as well? RECYCLABLE means

that the product or packaging or specic components o each has the potential

to be recycled.

With packaging, things can get a little murky. Some recyclable claims dont speciy

which portions o the package can actually be recycled, hence decreasing the

likelihood that it will, in act, be recycled properly. To address this issue, GreenBlue

developed a labeling program called How2Recycle which pairs amiliar icons with

instructions to help consumers. For example, a package o single-serve yogurt

containers might be labeled with three symbols to explain how the dierent

materials paper outer carton, plastic cup and a oil lid can be recycled. Visit

how2recycle.ino or more inormation.

Claiming Green, made with recycled content

may be deceptive i the environmental costs o using

recycled content outweigh the environmental

benets o using it. US FTC



34/38


35/38

People are more apt to engage in a behavior

ater being prompted to do so, so be an advocate

or recycling. Push or recycling initiatives at

home, in the workplace and in your community.

Put a please recycle label, claim or other

recycling message in a prominent place on your

organizations printed materials. We under-

stand that real estate on printed materials

is preciousbut so is our planet! Do your part.

Get creative with it. A please recycle

message doesnt always have to be the ubiquitous

chasing arrows logo weve all seen. In act, it

can be any interpretation o the message thatyou can think o. Whats important is that you

do it. This is a ertile opportunity to lex your

creative muscles and at the same time engage

in real behavioral change that will have a substan-

tial impact on the health o the planet.

Its important to constantly remind your

oce and community about recycling eorts

and details. Even people as knowledgeable

as Kevin Roche, o the single stream recycler

ecomaine, need reminders. Somebody might

recycle one thing and then the next year, they

orget or they stop recycling another thing,

he says. Even in my own household, I have

to remind mysel and my amily about whats

recyclable and whats not. That kind o loo rs

me, and Ive been doing this or 25 years.

So the reminders have to be there.

BECOME AN ADVOCATE

CREATIVITYMATTERS FOR YOU TO USE

I any o these recycling

logos tickle your ancy,

visit sappi.com/eQ to

download the digital

versions in your preerred

language and use them

to encourage recycling

on your next creative

project.

THE CHASING ARROWS

The iconic and internationally recognized recycling

symbol was designed in 1970 by then 23-year-old

college student Gary Anderson. Anderson submitted

his design inspired by the continuity o the Mobius

strip in a competition sponsored by a recycled

products maker.



36/38

RECYCLING IS A SOUND

ECONOMIC, SOCIALAND ENVIRONMENTALPRACTICE.Lets all work together to protect our

planet rom unnecessary waste andpollution. Recycle as much, as oten

and as responsibly as you can.

LEARN MORE

eQ ONLINE From this eQ Journalseries, to eQ Insights (Sappis white paper series on topical sustainability issues in the

paper industry), to the eQ Tool(Sappis interactive sustainability tool), everything eQ is online and in one

place your trusted source or guidance and thought leadership around environmental responsibility. Youll nd

a wealth o act-based inormation and tools or making better paper choices. And with our eQ blog, The

Environmental Quotient, you can instantly share your thoughts and ideas with your peers to gain new insights

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Sappi eQ Journal : Issue 00536


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Acknowledgments

We extend our sincere appreciation to the

ollowing individuals or providing their insights

and comments through personal interviews:

Anne Bedar, Senior Manager

Sustainable Packaging Coalition, GreenBlue

Ron Fox, Operations Manager

Graphic Packaging International

Johnny Gold, Senior VP

Recovery and Recycling, The Newark Group

Dawn Leaness, Director o Development

Codman Academy Charter Public School

Chris Martin

Founder and Program Developer

eWaste Alternatives

Bill Moore, PresidentMoore & Associates

Kevin Roche, General Manager

ecomaine

PHOTOGRAPHY

Tom Maday, Andy McNeill

DESIGN

VSA Partners, Inc.

Reerence Materials

American Forest & Paper Association, Paper Recovery Statistics, updated annually

at paperrecyles.org.

Environmental Protection Agency, Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling,

and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures or 2010, published

November 2011.

Federal Trade Commission, Environmental Claims: Summary o the Green

Guides. To view the complete Green Guides, inormation or business and legal

resources related to environmental marketing, go to business.tc.gov.

Institute o Scrap Recycling Industries, Scrap Specications Circular 2012,

January 2012.

Lantz, D., Single stream versus two stream recycling: an examination o costs and

recovery rates o current programs in Ontario, Canada, WIT Transactions

on Ecology and the Environment, Vol 109, 2008 WIT Press, www.witpress.com,

ISSN 1743-3541 (online).

Sappi Fine Paper North America, Unpublished results: Somerset Synergy Pulp

Carbon Footprint calculated using NCASIs Footprint Estimator or Forest Products

(FEFPro) Version 1.3. Carbon ootprint results calculated using production data

rom FY2010. Average emissions actors or purchased pulps ound in the Fiber

Parameters tab o FEFPro Version 1.3.

WWF International, USERS MANUAL: WWF CHECK YOUR PAPER Based on the

WWF Paper Scorecard Criteria Version 3.0, November 2010.

Zhao, H., Outlook or Global Recovered Paper Markets, Presented at RISI North

American Forest Products Conerence, Boston, MA, October 2012.

National Council or Air and Stream Improvement, Inc. (NCASI) or American

Forest and Paper Association and Forest Products Association o Canada,

Lie Cycle Assessment O North American Printing and Writing Paper Products,Research Triangle Park, NC, 2010.

Production Notes

FRONT COVER

Opus Gloss Cover 120lb/325gsm, 4-color process,

plus multi-level sculptured emboss and overall

satin aqueous.

INSIDE FRONT AND BACK COVER


match cream plus overall satin aqueous.

INTERIOR PAGES

Opus Dull Text 80lb/118gsm, 4-color process,

match cream plus overall satin aqueous.

BACK COVER


plus multi-level sculptured emboss and overall

satin aqueous.I you choose not to keep this journal, give it to a riend

or place it in a recycling bin. Thank you.

The names, symbols, logos, and all other intellectual property o the companies, brands, and

people appearing herein are the exclusive property o their respective owners and should

not be interpreted as an endorsement o or by Sappi; any legal and equitable rights in their

intellectual property are exclusively reserved to those owners.

Sappi is a trademark o Sappi Limited. OPUS, SOMERSET SYNERGY, and the eQ logo areregistered trademarks o Sappi Fine Paper North America.

2013 Sappi Fine Paper North America. All Rights Reserved.

This piece was originally printed on Opus Sheets manuactured by Sappi Fine Paper North

America with 10% PCRF and SFI Chain o Custody Certication. 100% o the electricity used

to manuacture Opus Sheets is Green-e certied renewable energy generated on-site by

Sappi. Customers wishing to make claims regarding Green-e

should contact the Center orResource Solutions at www.green-e.org.


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