"Russian painting."Russian painting. Peredvizhniki“Peredvizhniki“

Ivan Ivanovich Ivan Ivanovich ShishkinShishkin

Yanak Julia Igorevna Yanak Julia Igorevna 8 “G” 8 “G”

PeredvizhnikiPeredvizhniki

The second half of the nineteenth century is era in Russian art, which was distinguished by realism that devoted particular attention to the depiction of the nation’s social existence. A truly national tradition didn’t begin until 1870 with the appearance of the “Wanderers” – the Peredvizhniki. This society was formed by a group of Romantic artists who regarded thmselves as Realists. The leader of the Peredvizhniki long years was I.Kramskoy. Home genre it was shown guiding to their creative activity.

Forming the Society of Wandering Exhibitions, they organized mobile exhibitions of their works in an effort to bring serious art to the people. The most prominent Russian artists of the 1860 - 1880s are I.Kramskoy, V.Surikov, V.Perov V.Vereshchagin, A.Kuindzi, I.Shisnkin...

PeredvizhnikiPeredvizhniki

Many products of the Peredvizhniki are dedicated to Russian history, in which their attention particularly attracted full of the dramatic public emotion.

Ivan Ivanovich ShishkinIvan Ivanovich Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin was bwas bornorn in in

Yelabuga in 1832. into the family of a Yelabuga in 1832. into the family of a merchant. His father, a self-made and merchant. His father, a self-made and broad-minded man, after long hesitations, broad-minded man, after long hesitations, supported his son's desire to become an supported his son's desire to become an artist.artist. Shishkin spent his childhood amidst Shishkin spent his childhood amidst the century-old forests and majestic rivers the century-old forests and majestic rivers of the Ural and Volga regions and his love of the Ural and Volga regions and his love for these places remained with him for these places remained with him throughout his life. He studied at the throughout his life. He studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1852–1856) and at the and Architecture (1852–1856) and at the Academy of Arts (1856–1860).Academy of Arts (1856–1860).

He made rapid progress and got all the awards the Academy offered. He made rapid progress and got all the awards the Academy offered. Having received a Major Gold Medal for two pictures with the same name Having received a Major Gold Medal for two pictures with the same name ViewView ofof ValaamValaam IslandIsland. . KukkoKukko.. (1860) and an Academy grant for studies (1860) and an Academy grant for studies abroad, Shishkin spent 3 years (1862-1865) in Germany, Switzerland, Czech, abroad, Shishkin spent 3 years (1862-1865) in Germany, Switzerland, Czech, France, Belgium and Holland. Gradually he got disappointed in his foreign France, Belgium and Holland. Gradually he got disappointed in his foreign teachers and European authorities in landscape painting. Now he felt free teachers and European authorities in landscape painting. Now he felt free and independent and longed to return home, to Russia.and independent and longed to return home, to Russia.During his stay abroad Shishkin engaged in lithography and etching. His During his stay abroad Shishkin engaged in lithography and etching. His numerous pen drawings caught the eye of the Düsseldorf public and critics numerous pen drawings caught the eye of the Düsseldorf public and critics by their virtuoso hatching and filigree treatment of detail. In 1865, Shishkin by their virtuoso hatching and filigree treatment of detail. In 1865, Shishkin painted his painted his ViewView nearnear DüsseldorfDüsseldorf for which he was awarded the title of for which he was awarded the title of Academician and which was shown at the 1867 World Fair in Paris.Academician and which was shown at the 1867 World Fair in Paris.

View of Valaam Island. Kukko. 1859

View near Dusseldorf. 1865

RyeRye (1878) (1878)

PinePine ForestForest, , MastMast TimberTimber inin thethe ViatkaViatka ProvinceProvince (1872) (1872)

In 1865, he returned to Russia and In 1865, he returned to Russia and settled in St. Petersburg, where he settled in St. Petersburg, where he joined the Itinerants’ Society of joined the Itinerants’ Society of Traveling Exhibitions (Peredvizhniki). Traveling Exhibitions (Peredvizhniki). One of his first masterpieces One of his first masterpieces NoonNoon inin thethe NeighbourhoodNeighbourhood ofof MoscowMoscow (1869) (1869) critics called “song of joy”. He critics called “song of joy”. He always preferred to draw daytime always preferred to draw daytime scenes, full of sunlight and life. scenes, full of sunlight and life. PinePine ForestForest inin ViatkaViatka ProvinceProvince (1872), (1872), RyeRye (1878), (1878), PathPath inin a a ForestForest (1880), (1880), OaksOaks (1887), (1887), ConiferousConiferous ForestForest. . SunnySunny DayDay.. (1895). His scrupulous reproduction (1895). His scrupulous reproduction of nature stood in sharp contrast to of nature stood in sharp contrast to the academic canons of landscape the academic canons of landscape painting. For his loving approach to painting. For his loving approach to detail some critics called his works detail some critics called his works colored pictures, which lack of life. colored pictures, which lack of life. But despite such attention to details But despite such attention to details Shishkin’s paintings do not fall apart, Shishkin’s paintings do not fall apart, but give full and finished impression.but give full and finished impression.

Morning in a Pine Forest Morning in a Pine Forest ((1889 1889 ))

Among the Russian landscape painters Among the Russian landscape painters Shishkin was the staunchest and most Shishkin was the staunchest and most consistent exponent of the materialistic consistent exponent of the materialistic aesthetics – to depict nature in all its pure, aesthetics – to depict nature in all its pure, unadorned beauty. His role in Russian art unadorned beauty. His role in Russian art did not lose its significance even in the did not lose its significance even in the years, which saw the appearance of years, which saw the appearance of splendid landscapes by splendid landscapes by IsaacIsaac LevitanLevitan, , ValentinValentin SerovSerov and and ConstantinConstantin KorovinKorovin. . Despite the fact that he espoused different Despite the fact that he espoused different aesthetic principles and advocated a aesthetic principles and advocated a different artistic system, Shishkin enjoyed an different artistic system, Shishkin enjoyed an indisputable authority among young indisputable authority among young Russian painters of the late 19th century. Russian painters of the late 19th century. The new generation did not fail to The new generation did not fail to acknowledge him as a thoughtful and acknowledge him as a thoughtful and masterful portrayer of Russian nature. masterful portrayer of Russian nature.

Oaks. 1887

SpringsSprings::

http://english4every1.narod.ru/peredv.htmhttp://english4every1.narod.ru/peredv.htmll

http://rusart.nm.ru/http://rusart.nm.ru/ http://www.rusmuseum.ru/ru/collections/http://www.rusmuseum.ru/ru/collections/ http://www.tretyakov.ru/http://www.tretyakov.ru/ http://www.artlib.ru/http://www.artlib.ru/ http://www.cozy-corner.com/art/http://www.cozy-corner.com/art/art_painters_shishkin.htmart_painters_shishkin.htm