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"'2*!W'#83!Gene Cronk Allen Hinkley Carol Murray Edward Raeder Thomas S. Hynes, Town Supervisor
7%#**=*4!W'#83! Robert Cole David Cowan Jean D’Antoni Joe Farleigh Jean Stone David Zambri Phillip Zorda
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Nan Stolzenburg, AICP CEP Don Meltz, AICP Adam Yagelski Duncan Martin, Planner, Delaware County
M=+@!,B&0=#%!+@#*1,!+':! Diane Pickett, Town Clerk
Nancy Hainey
The MARK Project
This Comprehensive Plan was developed with financial support from the Town of Roxbury and the Catskill Watershed Corporation
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9*+8'3>0+='*!The Town of Roxbury, located in Delaware County, remains a rural town that is dominated by farmlands, woods, and low density residential land uses. Settlement in the Town is anchored by the Hamlets of Grand Gorge and Roxbury. Recent trends, including continued home-building, loss of farmland, and changing demographics prompted the Town to revisit its existing planning program. The Town wishes to manage growth and development in a manner that reflects its rural heritage and is consistent with the wishes of its residents. This Comprehensive Plan updates the previous Town of Roxbury Comprehensive Plan, which was adopted in 2002. A future-oriented document, it was developed with a 10 to 15 year planning horizon. By design and definition, this Comprehensive Plan provides an overall framework for future public and private decision making in Roxbury and should be considered a “road map” for future financial, civic, and creative investment. This Plan articulates the Town of Roxbury’s vision, its long-term goals, and how the Town can achieve them.
/>+@'8=+A!+'!7%#*!New York State considers adoption of a comprehensive plan to be a critical means to promote the health, safety and general welfare of the people of the town and to give consideration to the needs of the people. State law (Town Laws 272-a) grants municipalities the authority to prepare and adopt comprehensive plans. As defined by this law, a comprehensive plan is a document that identifies goals, objectives, principles, and policies for the immediate and long-range protection, enhancement, growth, and development of a community. It provides guidance to municipal leaders, government agencies, community organizations, local businesses, and residents, and helps to ensure that the community’s needs are met, both now and in the future. New York’s laws also require that local land use regulations be adopted in accordance with a comprehensive plan. It is the policy foundation upon which communities are built.
In addition to providing the basis for future decision-making, comprehensive plans provide a framework for local land use laws, such as subdivision, site plan review and zoning. It is important to note however, that the plan is not a regulatory document; any change to or development of new land use laws would need to be adopted according to NYS Town Law procedures through a separate process. This process would include public hearing(s), an environmental review, and Delaware County Planning Board review. According to NYS Town Law 272-a, this Plan should be reviewed and updated as necessary, every five years, to gauge progress on implementation and perform needed maintenance. A revision should include an update to relevant existing conditions, verification of the community vision and goals, a summary of completed action items and the addition of other relevant steps based on our Town’s changing needs. The Plan should be a vital document that remains a centerpiece for discussion and decision making at the Town Board and Planning Board level. To ensure this, the Plan includes an action plan designed to help the Town Board implement the recommended actions over time.
/(+&8!/3'B+=*4!+@&!)'5B8&@&*,=<&!7%#*!Once a comprehensive plan is adopted, there are several important implications. First, all government agencies involved in planning capital projects in Roxbury must first consider this plan. That means the Town now has a much larger stake in what other governmental agencies want to do when they are proposing a project in Roxbury. Second, it is the policy of New York State to encourage comprehensive planning for the sake of protecting the health, welfare and safety of its citizens. Therefore, most State agencies recognize—if not require—a comprehensive plan as a condition for grants and other funding assistance. This assures that public funds are spent in pursuit of a well-defined public purpose. Long-term, our Town’s grant seeking abilities will be improved because of this Plan. Finally, all land use regulations must be in accordance with a comprehensive plan
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(Section 272-a). The plan provides the basis for regulatory programs. All land use laws should be reviewed, and updated where necessary to be in accordance with this plan.
7%#**=*4!78'0&,,!;<&8<=&2!The Comprehensive Plan is based on community input and an analysis of resources, programs, and other data. A variety of tools were used to gather public opinion throughout the planning process. It builds upon the 1991 Master Plan and incorporates the knowledge and skills of a citizen advisory committee, Town leadership, the general public, farmers, and business owners. The process focused on three primary questions:
1. What are the current conditions in the Town of Roxbury? The Plan is built upon the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the quality of life desired by Town residents.
2. What is the future direction of the Town desired by the community? The Plan accomplishes this by establishing a community vision and a set of long-range goals.
3. What can the community do to attain its vision? The Plan offers a comprehensive, prioritized set of recommended actions that address issues of concern identified through the planning process.
This led to the creation of goals and recommendations that can be implemented through policy changes, new program creation or expansion, organizational changes, grant acquisition, regulatory updates, and other alternatives and actions that will guide the Town toward a successful future.
7%#**=*4!D<&*+,!#*3!E=%&,+'*&,!The planning process began when the Town received a planning grant from the Catskill Watershed Corporation. The Town Board began a planning process and assigned the task of updating the comprehensive plan to the Planning Board. A consultant was selected to assist the Board in the preparation of the draft plan.
Existing conditions were assessed in parallel: Working with the Planning Board, the consultant updated existing information, gathered new data, and developed a series of maps and a GIS; at the same time, the public was asked, during several workshops and by means of several different opinion surveys, to define and prioritize issues facing the Town. Members of the public were also asked about their long-term desires and visions for the future of Roxbury. During a second phase of public input, a workshop was held to prioritize goals and brainstorm strategies to achieve them. The following is a detailed timeline of the planning process:
• Project initiated and Consultant hired (Fall of 2011)
• Collected information for Profile and Inventory of Town, including full development of a GIS Database and maps (Spring and Fall 2011)
• Planning workshops held with residents:
• Grand Gorge (July 12, 2011)
• Roxbury (July 16, 2011)
• Conducted second homeowner survey (October 2011)
• Finalized results from workshops (October 2011)
• Developed and conducted Resident Survey (December 2011)
• Conducted student planning workshop at Roxbury Central School (April 2012)
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• Finalized Resident Survey results (January 2012)
• Drafted vision and goal statements (May 2012)
• Developed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (March 2012)
• Developed vision and goals (Spring 2012)
• Developed strategies and actions (Summer 2012)
• Prepared full draft of plan (October 2012)
• Public hearing (February 2013)
• Draft plan submitted to Town Board (February 2013)
• Public Hearing (Town Board) (March 2013)
• SEQRA and adoption of plan (TBA)
This Plan serves as a record of this process and a vision for the Town’s future. A draft was presented for public comment and submitted to the Town Board, which held a hearing. Per State law, the Plan was submitted for review by the Delaware County Planning Board; it also underwent an environmental review under the State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA). The Town Board formally adopted the Plan on [INSERT DATE].
;84#*=F#+='*!'(!+@&!7%#*!Part I includes: an introduction to the planning process; a historical overview of the Town of Roxbury; and a summary of strengths and weaknesses. Parts II and III answer the questions “Who do we want to be?” and “How do we get there?” by providing the Town’s vision for the future, a set of goals, and a list of strategies to use to accomplish the goals. In particular, Part II
• presents a statement of what residents have stated the Town should look like in 15 years and a
• a detailed list of goals relating to business and economic development; recreation; facilities and infrastructure; community character and the environment; and the natural environment.
Part III puts forward a shorter, prioritized list of strategies, including capital improvement, administrative actions, and program and policy establishment; each priority action is also associated with a time-frame for implementation. Parts IV and V answer the question “Where are we now?” Part IV is an updated community profile and environmental inventory, which includes detailed information concerning Roxbury’s demographic, environmental, economic, and cultural resources. Part V is a summary of public involvement during the planning process. Part VI includes legislative and regulatory models to assist the Town as it implements this Plan.
I=,+'8=0#%!;<&8<=&2!'(!J'K$>8A!The Town of Roxbury was formed on March 23, 1799, when it was separated from the Town of Stamford. Taking place two years after Delaware County was delineated in 1797, its incorporation coincided with the rapid settlement of the entire region in the post-Revolutionary era. It was comprised of the hamlets of Grand Gorge (then Moresville), Roxbury (then Beaver Dam), and Vega and Denver in the Batavia Kill valley, and the Thomson district of New Kingston. Early on, area development concentrated in the river valley, and along the several transportation routes, which were also located along the East Branch.
Like many towns in the area, Roxbury’s main settlement group came from New England, and the town itself was named for Roxbury,
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Connecticut, where a number of these early settlers originated. The Town is a part of the Queen Anne Patent granted to Johannes Hardenberg in 1708. Among the earliest settlers in the area was John T. More and his family, which acquired the claim to what is now Grand Gorge around 1786. In Roxbury, the first settler was Israel Inman in 1788, and John and Joseph Keator were first in the Batavia Kill area, in 1794. By 1790, the area that was to become Roxbury was well settled. In the 19th century, Roxbury provided a range of services to area residents. Early industries included grain mills, saw mills, a fulfilling mill, and farm implements manufacturing. The Ulster and Delaware Railroad arrived in 1872, and it eventually passed through Moresville (Grand Gorge) and Stamford. The historic Roxbury Depot was built at this time to serve the increasing amount of traffic. The arrival of rail transportation in Roxbury resulted in the expansion of local agriculture, and it sparked a local tourist trade. The first creamery was financed in part by the railroad interests, and dairy production, always important in the Town, expanded considerably after 1900. In that year, the Ulster and Delaware Railroad reached Oneonta for the first time, placing the Town within the New York City and Boston milksheds, allowing shipment of liquid milk to a much larger market. The buildings of the historic Ulster and Delaware Railroad Depot and Mill Complex, then located in the Village of Roxbury, were built largely in the 1870s. These structures represent the types of industries important to the area at the time: a flour and feed mill, a creamery, an icehouse, and a passenger/freight depot. Up to World War II, the Town expanded, and many of its buildings and streets were constructed in this period. Several notable people have called Roxbury home. Famous essayist, naturalist, and conservationist John Burroughs was born in the Town in 1837. After becoming a successful writer, Burroughs returned to Roxbury in 1908 and began spending summers at Woodchuck Lodge. Built by his brother, Curtis, the property features prominently in many of his writings and is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Influential railroad financier Jay Gould was born in Roxbury in 1836. He and, later, members of his family were instrumental in shaping the Town’s built environment. In 1853, Jay produced an early map of the then-Village of Roxbury. Helen, his daughter, shepherded such projects as the Roxbury Library, the construction of a home for the YMCA (a building that now houses the Roxbury Arts Group), and Kirkside Park. Helen Gould also helped finance the first lighting system in the town. The central school building, built with federal money in 1939, was the last major building project carried out in the hamlet of Roxbury in this period. Once home to the rural communities of Denver and Vega, the valley was more populous a century or so ago, when farming was a way of life. The valley settlement was known as Batavia, and it was settled late in the 1700s by New Englanders. It hosted some of the best farmland in the Town, and it today it remains the least densely populated portion of the Town. In the post-World War II era, Roxbury's built environment changed little. The Ulster & Delaware Railroad ceased running in 1932, but it continued to ship dairy products until after World War II. Its final closure coincided with the decline of dairying in the region, which brought shifts in the local economy, particularly in the agricultural sector. The advent of automobile transportation, in particular, facilitated a change in settlement patterns, bringing townhouse developments like Roxbury Run and enabling the construction of homes in some of the less populated portions of the Town; it also contributed to a rise in the tourist economy. New construction in the post-war era has taken place throughout the Town and on a variety of lots, ranging from tiny to relatively generous—several acres or more. Many second and seasonal homes have also been constructed.
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)'55>*=+A!L+8&*4+@,!#*3!M*&,,&,!This section summarizes the most important strengths and weaknesses of the Town of Roxbury. The items listed in the boxes below were identified after a review and synthesis of the following: the 2002 Comprehensive Plan, the Profile and Inventory (See Part IV), and public input (See Part V). Because the planning process aims to minimize or eliminate weaknesses and maintain or leverage strengths, these lists present important information that provides the foundation for the strategies and actions outlined in Parts II and III.
L+8&*4+@,!^7',=+=<&!D%&5&*+,!93&*+=(=&3_!• Small town atmosphere and friendliness,
supportive, caring atmosphere • Historic rural environment • Attractive main street, distinguished
historical architecture, beautiful structures
• Roxbury arts group • Peaceful and quiet, serenity, repose • Plattekill • Trails/outdoor recreation opportunities • Acceptance and tolerance • Great place to raise children • Senior meal site and living facilities • Variety of businesses • Enhanced recreational facilities, civic
center and gym • Radio station • Beautiful trees and benches in the
hamlets, and walkable main streets • Contribution of non-profits like RAG,
churches, GGCAC, Rotary, Fire Department
• Existing infrastructure to support new jobs, businesses
• Five churches • Great mountain terrain, lots of pure
water, natural environment • Outdoor sports including skiing, golf,
fishing, bird watching, kayaking
• Radio station • School administration • Winter road maintenance • 2 hamlets one commercial, one historical,
ability to grow and preserve • Air and water quality • Creek that goes under Route 30 • Don't have to travel outside GG for most
services (57 or more businesses with a range of services
• The Grand Gorge Civic Center for gatherings
• Mix of old and new • New sidewalks in GG • People - variety - diversity - friendly • Roxbury Run • Sense of Place • Watershed gives help from City for many
projects like septic and water • Arkville train • Roxbury Motel • Agriculture/farms • Business activity in Grand Gorge • Golf course • Kirkside Park • Mountains, scenery • Restaurants • Second homeowners
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M*&,,&,!^`&4#+=<&!D%&5&*+,!93&*+=(=&3_!• Lack of jobs (town as well as region) • Three junkyards in town, no enforcement • Lack of 'destination' attractions and ways
to keep people here, lack of Main Street destination
• DEP Land Buying and land use regulations
• Need designated parking for the senior center residents only plus handicapped parking
• Hamlets are disconnected • Empty homes, lack of upkeep • Empty store fronts in both hamlets • Lack of public parking in GG for
business • No zoning • Lack of common marketing plan for
tourism activity, lack of economic development, lack of main street business, not a destination
• Grand Gorge missing sidewalks • Dangerous traffic pattern at 30/23
crossing, don't like confusion of roads, speeding
• Lack of businesses, especially food and restaurants
• Closing of health center, no mental health care
• Dilapidated buildings, condition of local store fronts and homes
• GG square is ugly, aesthetics need attention
• Lack of incentives for and lack of retail and restaurants
• Grand Gorge Civic Center not used to its fullest to meet the needs of young people (using the gym, etc.)
• Lack of kids activities and entertainment • Lack of transparency • Not enough hotels • Taxes higher than surrounding areas • Too far distance from shopping, medical
care • High taxes • Lack of community input, not
participation or involvement • Lack of identity of 23 and 30 corridor
(for walkability) • Lack of regeneration of forest,
community jobs • Misinformation and gossip is rampant • No lights in homes of part time residents • Too much politics around property
assessments • Traffic speed/noise level • Lack of affordable housing, concern that
the second home market has contributed to lack of housing affordability in area
• Lack of cell phone and broadband infrastructure, telecommuting in particular, lack of internet cafe
• Lack of cohesiveness, fragmentation, lack of coordination and collaboration
• Too much regulation
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O=,='*!R'8!J'K$>8AS,!R>+>8&!The following vision and goal statements describe what Roxbury seeks to become in the future – how it will look, feel and function in 10 to 15 years. This vision is based on the ideas of the people of Roxbury, contributed through a series of workshops, community surveys, and ongoing public meetings. The vision and goals below describe what those of us who live here today want Roxbury to be like in 2030. (Note that this plan covers all the land within the Town of Roxbury. This includes the hamlets of Roxbury, Grand Gorge, and the Denver/Vega valley area (See map). Whenever “Roxbury” is used without the term “hamlet”, it refers to the entire town of Roxbury.)
;<&8#%%!O=,='*!The residents of the Town of Roxbury appreciate and want to maintain their peaceful, friendly rural community, the historic ambiance of the hamlet of Roxbury, the scenic rural surroundings, and the quiet lifestyle that is so valued here. They also hope the future brings new economic opportunities and quality jobs that are developed in a way that preserves the character, environment and sense of place that is Roxbury. More specifically, our vision is that in 10 years, we will have:
• Maintained our most positive features which include small town and rural atmosphere, a healthy environment, and our community character that is aesthetically pleasing to residents and visitors alike.
• Protected our natural environment.
• Revitalized the Roxbury and Grand Gorge main streets.
• Increased local businesses and job opportunities, especially those oriented to tourism so that the town is known as a historical, recreational, and cultural destination.
• Maintained agricultural lands so that they continue to provide local food opportunities and contribute to the Town’s economy and rural character.
• Ensured that the hamlets remain centers for retail, services, and cultural activities.
• Enhanced its youth programs, especially for teens, and worked so that Roxbury is a healthy, active community for young and old.
• Provided more affordable housing opportunities including assisted living for seniors.
• Up-to-date telecommunications that support residential and commercial uses.
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U&+#=%&3!Q'#%,!#*3!/0+='*,!The Town of Roxbury has established five major goals to work towards over the next ten to 15 years. These goals relate to economic development, recreation, facilities and infrastructure, community character, and the environment. These goals are detailed in the following sections. For each goal, a set of actions and strategies has been recommended. These are specific steps the Town of Roxbury could take to reach those goals and ultimately, to attain the vision established in this plan.
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O=,='*!#*3!Q'#%,!!Roxbury and Grand Gorge will have healthy and vibrant main streets supporting a diverse mix of businesses, including tourism and recreation-related enterprises. New growth and development is consistent with the environment and character of the Town. Roxbury and Grand Gorge offer jobs and a high quality of life that makes the Town attractive to young adults and families. All areas of the Town are included in the scope of revitalization, including agriculture and working forests. Business and economic development in the future will focus on:
• Promoting Roxbury and Grand Gorge as tourist destinations that build on the natural beauty of the area.
• Having jobs that support the next generation.
• Enhancing the economic vitality of Main Streets in both the hamlet of Roxbury and the hamlet of Grand Gorge.
• Promoting a diverse mix of small business that provide basic retail and service needs of residents and those that also cater to tourists.
• Ensuring that the hamlets have well-maintained streets and sidewalks so that Roxbury and Grand Gorge are walkable communities.
• Promoting agricultural operations that maintain productive, active farmlands and make locally grown foods available.
• Taking advantage of the local wood products and working forests of the Town.
• Providing better communication technologies available to residents who wish to work from home, and to farms and businesses including broadband internet and cell service.
• Providing adequate parking in hamlets for businesses and activities.
/0+='*,!#*3!L+8#+&4=&,!Specific actions and strategies to accomplish this are:
1. Continue work with MARK, the County, business groups and other organizations to develop and implement a comprehensive economic development plan. There needs to be strong regional coordination of assets and economic development efforts.
2. Implement the recommendations from the Esopus/Delaware Economic revitalization Plans. This plan outlines specific strategies that can help Roxbury capitalize on the natural, scenic, agricultural, and recreational assets of the Town.
3. Adopt a comprehensive approach to revitalizing the main streets in Roxbury and Grand Gorge. Consider the following:
a. Explore a community supported enterprise approach in order to get financing when it is unavailable through conventional means.
b. Cooperative business models can also maximize capital. There are
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consumer-owned coops and worker-owned coops.
c. Collective marketing that lead to local branding or buy local campaigns.
d. Providing seed funding and/or training to local entrepreneurs to maximize local business ownership.
e. Identify where there are gaps in the local economy and learn what goods or services are being imported or procured elsewhere, but that could easily be replaced or redirected to local businesses.
f. Consider establishing a community development financial institution in the region. These come in the form of commercial banks, thrifts, credit unions, and community development loan funds.
g. Work with MARK to obtain public seed funding for grants and loans to help first-time business owners.
4. In particular, Roxbury should emphasize and work to:
a. Build on comprehensive marketing programs previously developed by MARK to promote the area for tourists and new businesses. Equal attention should be given to the hamlets of Roxbury and Grand Gorge, and the program should recognize that each hamlet offers unique business opportunities. Emphasis should be on internet-based, brochures, and local kiosks (similar to those in Stamford, NY). The marketing program should also be designed to help inform ski/winter tourists of the broader areas’ opportunities.
b. Continue supporting MARK’s regular inventory of vacant and underutilized commercial buildings on main street in Roxbury and Grand Gorge and work to attract businesses to these. This should include doing a building conditions survey, including a visual assessment, and assessment of maintenance on the property. This
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could go a long way in helping prepare for marketing of these buildings.
c. Support and strengthen the Business Incubator Program (coordinated through MARK) to market empty storefronts and develop a program to attract light manufacturing and small scale manufacturing, especially to Grand Gorge. Focus on hamlets separately and work to provide businesses and services for each unique market. In Grand Gorge market the routes 23 and 30 transportation corridor. With outside help, locate appropriate entrepreneurs to fill identified market niches. Work with local, county and state agencies and organizations and offer public and private assistance in establishing businesses in Roxbury. One of the market niches to fill is lodging and restaurants.
d. Continue to support agriculture and agri-business/agri-tourism as a stronger component of economic development. Promote locally grown produce, ensure the Town is farm friendly, recognize the importance of agriculture to the community, and
promote the area for niche and artisanal agricultural operations. Promote ideas like the community kitchen currently under development.
e. Make tourism, eco-tourism, community character, and Roxbury’s historic resources as the centerpieces of the economic development strategy.
f. Continue to encourage second homeowners in the economic development strategy.
g. Promote development of new lodging that is appropriately scaled to Roxbury. These include development of more B & B’s, and lodging similar to the Roxbury Motel that fit in with the historic nature of the community.
5. Enhance parking to encourage business development on main streets in Roxbury and Grand Gorge.
6. Work with Bassett Healthcare and others to re-open the medical clinic with added mental health components in Roxbury.
7. Work with local chamber of commerce (greater Stamford Area CC) Develop a Roxbury entertainment card that entitles the purchaser to use local products and services.
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O=,='*!#*3!Q'#%,!Roxbury and Grand Gorge will have healthy and vibrant main streets supporting a diverse mix of businesses, including tourism and recreation-related enterprises. New growth and development is consistent with the environment and character of the Town. Roxbury and Grand Gorge offer jobs and a high quality of life that makes the Town attractive to young adults and families. All areas of the Town are included in the scope of revitalization, including agriculture and working forests. The recreation goals for Roxbury include:
• Providing year round recreation oriented around the outdoors and Roxbury’s unspoiled environment including ice-skating, swimming pool, skiing, golf, fishing, hiking, hunting, and bicycling, and on the area’s historical significance and beauty.
• Providing common outside gathering spaces, a community center and enhancing activities at the Grand Gorge Civic Center, Kirkside Park, and other locations.
/0+='*,!#*3!L+8#+&4=&,!Specific actions and strategies to accomplish this are:
1. Develop additional advertising of both town parks and park activities, including better signage.
2. Enhance parks in Roxbury. Continue to support as well as pursue additional funding for restoration activities for Kirkside Park. Develop plans to improve the Civic Center town park.
3. Work with area organizations to develop a community center and public swimming facility. Provide for a game room for local and visiting children.
4. Promote the golf course to a larger market. It will be an attractive experience for those coming to the region for other primary reasons, and to the second homeowner market.
5. Work with CWC to extend their programs especially for teens.
6. Work with area agencies, the school, and other organizations to increase participation and involvement of private citizens to meet volunteer needs in Roxbury.
7. Promote use of the path on the Ulster and Delaware railroad by increasing access points and providing parking. Maintain existing trail marker signs.
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O=,='*!#*3!Q'#%,!Roxbury will have well-maintained and enhanced public services including:
• Improved cell and internet services.
• Adequate parking in hamlets to support local businesses.
• Walkable communities with well-maintained sidewalks and bicycling.
• Improved safety at the routes 23 and 30 intersection in Grand Gorge.
• Encouraging transportation opportunities.
• Health services for the entire population, including mental and physical care.
• Water systems that can support adequate growth in the hamlets.
• Well-maintained roads.
• Expanded hours at the solid waste transfer station.
• A great school.
/0+='*,!#*3!L+8#+&4=&,!Specific actions and strategies to accomplish this are:
1. Create a sidewalk district. This will provide for a mechanism to ensure proper improvements, maintenance and construction of additional sidewalks where necessary.
2. Develop a street, sidewalk and crosswalk plan to update and maintain these facilities in the hamlets Include parking improvements in this.
3. Expand hours of the transfer station, especially on weekends.
4. Work with private and public entities to extend cell phone availability. This is critical for the health and safety of our residents as well as an important business development need.
5. High speed internet is needed to promote additional small businesses and to help people work from home. Wifi availability on our main streets should be pursued for economic development purposes.
6. Use the Keene Valley Town-Wide Broadband project as a model that could be used in Roxbury. In that location, non-profit organizations were instrumental in receiving donations, coordinating, and advertising the project, and worked closely with the school in order to obtain broadband services.
7. Support facilities and infrastructure that allow our senior citizens to stay in their homes or in the area.
8. Enhance parking in hamlets. There is a critical need to increase parking opportunities. In Grand Gorge, there needs to be more parking in addition to that at the Civic Center. Increase the number of handicap parking spaces at the Community Center in Grand Gorge. Further, update parking lines and markings there to prevent parking at the stairway into the Community Center.
9. Work to be bicycle friendly. This includes identifying roads where shoulders could be improved for bike lanes, locations where bike lanes could be created, and identifying destinations so that appropriate bike racks could be placed. Bike lanes, paths, and racks should be clearly marked and integrated into the economic development programs.
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O=,='*!#*3!Q'#%,!Roxbury and Grand Gorge’s community character continues to be defined as rural, peaceful, beautiful, ecologically and environmentally healthy. The natural environment is preserved and seen as an asset to the quality of life and economy of Roxbury. These are the basic features that motivate people to come and stay in the area. There is a high quality of life in Roxbury and Grand Gorge that meets the needs of town residents. We have caring neighborhoods and quality living spaces for all individuals. Everyone cooperates and communicates and we have connected communities. Roxbury celebrates our past and present while developing a greater sense of community, a sense of place, and a positive environment for families to raise children. Roxbury’s and Grand Gorge’s visual character will reflect what an amazing town it is and will invite visitors. Roxbury’s community character will have:
• A rural environment, with clean air and water, open spaces, beautiful scenery, and charming streetscapes in our hamlets.
• Active farmlands, and opportunities for buying local products
• Aesthetically pleasing, well maintained public and private buildings and yards, streets, sidewalks, and public spaces.
• Caring, welcoming neighborhoods and a hopeful and strong community spirit: everyone works together well and continually works to foster communication and collaboration.
• A strong local economy anchored by the hamlets of Grand Gorge and Roxbury.
• Housing that is affordable to people living on a local wage and available for both the young and senior population. This is a goal important to both community character and economic development of Roxbury.
• Easy access to services that an aging population needs
• Preserved historical, arts and cultural resources that contribute to Roxbury as a tourist destination
• Facilities, attractions, and services that make the Town a great place for young families to raise their children.
• Opportunities to experience nature and related outdoor activities.
/0+='*,!#*3!L+8#+&4=&,!Specific actions and strategies to accomplish this are:
1. The Town Board should continue to find ways to inform citizens and encourage residents to attend town meetings. Encourage broader participation in the Town.
2. Coordinate town planning actions with those of the school to avoid duplication of services and recreational facilities.
3. Foster aesthetic improvements to the streetscape in Grand Gorge. Façade improvements, sidewalk improvements, period lighting, street furniture, such as benches and planters, and improved signage are all actions that could improve the aesthetic character. Use existing façade improvement illustrations as a starting point for broader aesthetic improvements in Grand Gorge.
4. Work with MARK to create a pool of incentive funds to be used to address blight and properties with maintenance needs. Promote main street grants that cover more cost of façade improvements for landowners.
5. The Town Board should take all necessary steps to assure the existing NYS junk car and junkyard laws are enforced. The Town may also consider adopting a local law that requires screening of unsightly cars and junk.
6. Update and implement a Main Street improvement plan to enhance the town aesthetics. Other efforts to improve the aesthetic character of main street could be to develop a community paint fund, partner with organizations on maintenance, replace lighting with period
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light poles and fixtures and provide for hanging flower baskets.
7. Work to bring together full time and seasonal residents for common purposes to promote community.
8. Coordinate town comprehensive and functional plans with those of the county and other municipal jurisdictions. Coordinate implementation activities so that project benefits are enhanced and cost savings more likely.
9. Inventory municipal facilities for compliance with American with Disabilities Act and take actions to comply with requirements.
10. Review and update this Comprehensive Plan every five years. However, the Comprehensive Plan should remain a living and vital tool so the Town Board should review its progress on implementation on an annual basis and keep it as the essential basis for decision making in Roxbury.
11. Create a viewshed map of important vistas to assist planners and developers.
12. Improve code enforcement evenness and effectiveness.
13. Evaluate the need for more affordable housing opportunities. Consider establishing an affordable housing committee to work with MARK to facilitate the provision of other opportunities. Coordinate with county agencies, other governments and advocacy groups to increase the supply of affordable housing (including rentals, more assisted living, and senior housing). Support housing maintenance programs and implement others that provide housing which remains affordable over an extended period of time.
14. Encourage guidelines that could be included in the Site Plan Law to provide the Planning Board and commercial project applicants with guidance on design features that new development could use to be consistent with Roxbury and Grand Gorge.
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Currently, the site plan law does not include any guidance on development criteria and therefore leaves few tools to help applicants know what features would be positive attributes to the community. These guidelines could include:
a. Have parking lots placed to the side or rear of the building.
b. Provide for sidewalks when located in the hamlet. (This approach would extend the town’s sidewalk network over time.)
c. General architectural standards so new buildings are consistent with the traditional design of the landscape. This is especially important in the hamlets. These could include placing the building so it is setback at a distance similar to others on Main Street, be 2 stories, have a peaked roof, have landscaping, have façade treatments similar to existing buildings in town (wood or wood like siding, or stone, etc.)
d. Minimize clearing of woodlands and preservation of natural features
e. Retain stonewalls and open fields
f. Place buildings along the edges of fields to avoid construction in open fields or on ridgelines
g. Buffer or conceal parking areas
h. Buffer new commercial uses from existing residential uses.
i. Use non-reflective or low reflective building materials and dark natural or earth tone colors if the structure is highly visible from many locations
j. Use screening vegetation or earthen berms to block or disrupt views of the development
k. Minimizing paving to the greatest extent possible to decrease amount of impervious surfaces and large expanses of pavement
l. Have building height remain below the surrounding forest canopy to prevent disruption of the ridgeline.
m. Ensure that all commercial exterior lights use fully shielded lighting fixtures to direct light down instead of out.
15. Encourage uniform sign design.
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• Clean air and water, and open spaces.
• Beautiful scenery of both forested and open farmlands.
• A diversity of natural habitats, protected wetlands, and other sensitive locations, Protect and promote diversity on and around wetlands and emerging woodlands.
• Maintained biodiversity and sustainable development.
/0+='*,!#*3!L+8#+&4=&,!Specific actions and strategies to accomplish this are:
1. Enhance environmental review and promote effective SEQRA reviews during project permitting through annual training of the Planning Board on planning related topics, especially on SEQRA.
2. Seek grant funding to provide a computer that would be available for the Planning Board to use. Load the GIS maps created for this Plan onto the computer along with a free version of the GIS software so that the Planning Board can use the new GIS maps and data to identify and analyze known resources during project review.
3. Allow for open space subdivision designs for major subdivisions. Do this by amending the subdivision regulations to allow for use of the conservation subdivision design technique (See Appendix F).
a. The Town could allow for voluntary use of this technique at the discretion of the applicant or it could make conservation subdivision design mandatory for major subdivisions or when certain conditions exist on the parcel.
b. When amending the subdivision law to implement this tool, the Town should also define “Open Space” and identify specific standards that detail
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how much and what kind of open space would need to be preserved.
c. This process should be coordinated so it takes place within the normal time frames and procedures as currently outlined in the Town of Roxbury’s subdivision law.
4. Adopt a right to farm law to provide additional nuisance protection for area farmers as well as to show support for farming activities.
5. Amend the subdivision law to give the Planning Board the authority, at their discretion, to identify a building envelope on a parcel being subdivided. On parcels that have environmental sensitivities such as steep slopes, shallow soils, streams, or wetlands, it may be important to identify the location on the parcel that is suitable for building.
6. Develop a scenic views inventory and protection program. Some of the programs that could be included in a project such as this include:
a. Conduct a scenic view inventory that involves the public in identifying and prioritizing views.
b. For actions requiring a SEQRA procedure, project applicants would fill out, and the Planning Board would review, the DEC Visual Assessment Form to identify scenic resources that may be impacted by the proposed project. This would help the Planning Board work with the applicant to mitigate negative impacts to scenic resources.
7. Implement the strategies from the already adopted East Branch Delaware River Stream Corridor Management Plan. A summary of the recommendations of this Plan are:
• Recommendation #1: Scientifically-Based Post-Flood Emergency Stream Intervention
• Recommendation #2: Provide Tech-nical Assistance To Local Highway Departments
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• Recommendation #3: Implement Streamside Assistance Program
• Recommendation #4: Continue with and Enhance Education and Outreach Efforts
• Recommendation #5: Provide Annual Floodplain Development Permit Training for Municipal Officials
• Recommendation #6: Enhance Local Land Use Laws and Ordinances
• Recommendation #7: Adopt Principles of Stream Stewardship at the Municipal Level
• Recommendation #8 Streamline Stream Work Permitting
• Recommendation #9: Selective Stream Gravel Management
• Recommendation #10: Provide Assistance to Community Watershed Groups/Associations and Government Entities
• Recommendation #11: Participation with the Delaware County Action Plan (DCAP)
• Recommendation #12: Debris Management
• Recommendation #13: Prioritization of Identified Stream Intervention Projects
• Recommendation #14: Enhancement of East Branch Watershed Fisheries
• Recommendation #15: Enhance Recreation Opportunities
• Recommendation #16: Invasive Species Management
• Recommendation #17: Flood Hazard Mitigation and Flood Response and Recovery
• Recommendation #18: Utilize Existing Funding Sources
• Recommendation #19: Develop a Process for Updating the EBDR Stream Corridor Management Plan
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9*+8'3>0+='*!Implementing the Comprehensive Plan will require a series of Town Board policy decisions, program initiatives, and coordination with local, county, regional and state organizations and agencies. Some actions recommended in the Plan will also require finding the funds to make things happen. Success will be based on setting the right priorities and allocating scarce resources – people and funding – to the most important priorities. Each strategy suggested in this Plan (See Part II) represents a specific type of action that the Town can take. These types of actions range from
• Capital Improvements—any action that results in an investment and improvement in property, structures, equipment, staff or other similar items;
• Administrative Actions—any action that results in enhanced administration of Town functions; and
• Establishment of programs and policies —any action that results in establishment of a plan, activity, committee, proposal, or similar items) or regulatory (any action that results in the development of new or amendment of existing land use related laws in the Town.
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/-!)''83=*#+&!95B%&5&*+#+='*!The Town Board will oversee all aspects of implementation of the Plan and will direct work to be done in the future.
1. However, other groups and agencies should be called upon to assist the Board when needed. Other boards, organizations, or individuals that can assist the Town Board in implementation include:
i. The Planning Board
ii. Town Highway Department
iii. Delaware County
iv. MARK
v. Other local organizations such as Cornell Cooperative Extension, Soil and Water Conservation District,
WAC, CWC, and the Natural Resource Conservation Service
vi. New committees to be formed by the Town Board
vii. Professional advisors such as attorney, engineer, or planner, and other organizations and agencies
2. Coordinate town comprehensive and functional plans with those of the county and other municipal jurisdictions. Coordinate implementation activities so that project benefits are enhanced and cost savings more likely.
3. Part of this coordination entails keeping a detailed record of past planning efforts. To this end, the Town should have digital or paper copies of all previous plans, studies, and efforts related to the Town of Roxbury as part of its planning library.
W-! D,+#$%=,@! #*! 95B%&5&*+#+='*!)'55=++&&!The Town Board should appoint members to a Comprehensive Plan Implementation Committee to move the actions recommended in this Plan forward. This could be composed at of a diverse group of representatives of the elected and appointed officials, citizens, and landowners to help guide implementation of the plan.
)-!M'81!'*!78='8=+A!/0+='*,!Use the following chart (“Implementation Matrix,” below) for implementation time frames and other aids. The following actions are considered to be priorities for the Town Board to begin implementing soon after adoption. It is recommended that the Town Board review this list on an annual basis to determine the status of efforts as well as to identify other actions that should be implemented next. Full details of each strategy are presented in Part II, above.
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detailed actions and strategies included in Part II but have been re-organized by a combination of a) how soon after adoption of this plan the Town Board should begin to work to implement them and b) how long each action will take to implement. Each action has been assigned a number for ease of reference. In recognition that certain actions will require work over a longer time frame while others represent an ongoing need, the following time frames are used in the table, where
• Initial actions have the highest priority to be implemented immediately following plan adoption (within the year after adoption);
• Short actions should be implemented within 1 to 3 years following adoption;
• Long signifies important, but not critical, priority actions. These should be implemented after the initial/short priorities and after three years following Plan adoption; and
• Ongoing actions are items requiring ongoing attention.
As a summary, the table complements and summarizes the actions in Part II, where they are more detailed. Therefore, each action in the table has one or more references (some actions have more than one reference) to the detailed strategies presented in Part II and uses the following abbreviations, which correspond to Part II categories and numbering:
• B&ED (Business and Economic Development),
• REC (Recreation),
• F&I (Facilities and Infrastructure),
• CC (Community Character), and
• ENV (Environment).
Actions listed in the table are also categorized by type, according the following list:
• Regulatory: Any action that results in the development of new or amendment of existing land use related laws in the Town. This typically refers to zoning, site plan review, or subdivision laws.
• Administrative: Any action that results in enhanced administration of town functions.
• Policy and Program: Any action that results in establishment of a plan, activity, committee, proposal, or similar items.
• Capital Improvement: Any action that results in an investment and improvement in property, structures, equipment, staff or other similar items.
• Appointment: Any action that requires the Town Board to form a new committee, outline specific tasks of that committee, and recruit members.
In addition, the table includes suggested steps to be taken to implement each numbered action. Finally, the table also includes possible lead agencies or entities as well as organizations, which might assist in implementation.
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9*+8'3>0+='*!#*3!L>55#8A!This Community Profile and Environmental Inventory is intended to provide a factual, data-driven foundation for the Comprehensive Plan. The most salient trends and patterns, which are discussed in detail below, can be summarized as follows:
• After increasing for 50 years, 2010 Census data show that the population may have stabilized. When compared to both Delaware County and New York State, Roxbury has a higher median age and fewer young people.
• Roxbury has higher vacancy rates than many other Delaware County towns, indicating a sizable percentage of part-time and seasonal housing units in the Town. Fully 43% of housing units are classified as for vacant, recreational, and occasional use. Owner-occupied housing units make up a slightly smaller percentage (40%) of all units.
• There are indications that housing may have become less affordable for residents in the Town. Although recent Census data estimate that both renters and owners generally spend less than 30% of their income on housing costs, house prices have increased. When income data are factored in, residents, particularly those with mortgages and those who rent, may experience difficulty paying for housing in Roxbury.
• The mountainous terrain of the Eastern Catskills defines settlement patterns within the Town. The headwaters of the East Branch of the Delaware River are found in Roxbury, and the Schoharie Reservoir is partially located in the northeastern portion of the Town. This puts Roxbury entirely within the New York City Watershed, specifically within its West-of-Hudson drinking water supply system.
• Residential uses comprise over 40% of land use in Roxbury. The combination of vacant land and wild, forested, public, and conservation lands represents 48% of land uses. Agricultural uses account for about 4,000 acres in Roxbury.
• Town Budgets have remained stable over the past six years. Between 2006 and 2011, highway expenditures accounted for 47%, on average, of all appropriations. The tax rate currently compares with the New York State average.
• The primary school district in the Town is the Roxbury Central School District. Since the mid-1990’s, enrollments, which in 2009 stood at 336 students, K-12, have trended downward—a trend that is projected to continue through 2015.
• The Hamlets of Roxbury and Grand Gorge as well as Roxbury Run Village have public utilities for water supply and wastewater collection and treatment. Recent improvements to the water and wastewater systems in Roxbury and Grand Gorge and their surrounding areas have been made.
• Roxbury hosts a number of community organizations, from a radio station to an arts group. The Town also has many historic structures and properties. Indeed, much of the Hamlet of Roxbury is within a nationally-listed historic district, and the gravesite of famous naturalist and author John Burroughs can be found on the hills in Town he frequented as a youth.
X'0#+='*!The Town of Roxbury is located in the northeastern corner of Delaware County, in New York State, where Delaware, Greene, and Schoharie Counties meet. Geographically, it is defined by the hills and mountains of the Western Catskills Mountain region of the Allegheny Plateau located in the Town. In Roxbury, the these mountains form the valley through which the East Branch of the Delaware River flows from its headwaters located in the Town. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 87.6 square miles, of which 87.2 square miles is land area and 0.5 square miles (0.52%) is water. Two hamlets are located in the town, Grand Gorge and Roxbury, as well as the historical settlement area commonly known as the Denver and Vega Valley.
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7'B>%#+='*!)@#*4&!Generally, the population of the Town of Roxbury increased about 12% between 1950 and 2010. In this period, the greatest increases were seen between 1980 and 2000, although this trend began earlier, in 1970. The most recent census data (2010) show that the population decreased slightly from 2,509 to 2,502 (Figure 1). This may indicate that population size is becoming more stable. Since 1980, population in the Town has increased 9.2%. Compared to the state, and nation, the Town has seen only modest growth. Although Roxbury has grown more than Delaware County, it has generally grown about as fast as New York State in the same period. Population change for the United States, however, is much greater overall (Table 1). /4&!L+8>0+>8&!The median age in the Town has risen from 35 to 49 over the forty years depicted in Table 2, which mirrors increases in median age in New York State since at least 1970. This trend is reflected in the substantial growth (over 52%) of the 65 and older age group over the same period. There also was a 14% increase in the number of people aged 20 to 64 years in the Town between 1980 and 2010. The greatest decline (25%) is seen in the school-age population, 5 to 19 years old, and those under 5 years has
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1Population and related information for 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010 was derived from the United States Census Bureau. Due to a change in the way the Census Bureau collects and releases socio-economic information (i.e. the American Community Survey, or ACS, has replaced the decennial Census Long Form questionnaire), data reported for places with populations smaller than 20,000 have varying levels of reliability and so were only partially utilized in this database. Census data were, where noted, supplemented with information from other sources.
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decreased moderately (6%) as well. The number of females has grown twice as fast as males, although the female-male gender distribution in the Town (49.7%-50.3%) is more even than the figure for New York State (51.6%-48.4%); this could reflect the increase in median age in the Town. Figures 2, 3, and 4 show the 2010 age compositions of the Town, Delaware County, and New York State, respectively. The concentration of people at the higher end of the age groups offer additional evidence of an aging of the Town’s population, although the second “bulge” in the chart does show higher percentages of people aged 10 to 19. Roxbury is comparable to Delaware County, which also shows greater percentages of people over age 45. This contrasts with the pattern exhibited by the New York State population, which mirrors what would be expected for the US population as a whole. The State generally has comparatively higher percentages of people under the age of 44.
I'>,&@'%3,!While population has increased 9.2% since 1980, the number of households2 in the Town has risen at a different rate, 37.0% (Table 3). This is another common demographic shift seen in many rural communities where population rises little or moderately, but the increase in households is greater. The category showing the most change, however, is female-headed households, which has increased 80% since 1980—faster than the change in all households over the same period. About 8% of households (92 total households in 2010) in Roxbury are female-headed.
J&4='*#%!)'5B#8=,'*!Tables 4 and 5 offer additional demographic data, comparing Roxbury at the regional, state, and national levels. When compared at the county, state, and national levels, the Town has lower rates of persons in poverty. More Town residents own their homes when compared at all levels; high rates of home ownership are not
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uncommon in Delaware County. The vacancy rate3 is notably higher than Delaware County as well as the state and nation, which is due to the preponderance of seasonal housing units in the Town (See Table 8, below). The density of settlement is also comparatively low. When compared to other Delaware County towns (Table 5), house values and median incomes are higher in Roxbury, and its rate of poverty is generally lower.
As indicated, Roxbury has a comparatively lower percentage of individuals living below the poverty level. Table 6 presents the most current household income data sorted on the age of the householder. There is generally a high degree of variability; some of this is an artifact of ACS sampling procedures,4 although it may also tentatively indicate higher income levels than is typical for the County. Median income for households headed by those aged
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25 to 44 in Roxbury is higher than in Delaware County, and is the only category significantly different5 from the County.
I'>,=*4!)@#8#0+&8=,+=0,!Housing data reflect both the Town’s historic character and the increases in construction between 1970 and 1980. As Figure 4 shows, almost 30% of housing units were built before 1939, and about 50% of all units were built before 1980. Although the number of housing units added between 1980 and 2000 increased at a 50% rate, much of that increase occurred between 1980 and 1990. More recently, the pace of growth in the housing stock has slowed: Between 1990 and 2000, the rate of increase was only 5%; between 2000 and 2010, 165 new units were constructed—an 8% increase which also represents 8% of the total number of units in 2010. As Table 7 shows, most housing in the town is detached single-family homes. The category showing the most increase between 1980 and 2000 is 1-unit attached, which includes such
structures as townhomes and condominium complexes and is likely attributable to the Roxbury Run Village development. Mobile homes have also increased markedly since 1980, although the number of units decreased by 33 (12%) between 1990 and 2000. The Town has lost the most units in structures containing 5 or more housing units, which has decreased by 58% in this period. Collectively, housing in structures containing 2 or more units accounts for only 7.6% of the total units in the Town; in comparison, 12.1% of housing units in Delaware County are in such structures. Most occupied units in the Town (82.3%, from Table 8) are owner-occupied (as opposed to renter-occupied). When vacant for-rent units are included, however, the percentage of rental units increases slightly from 11.7% to 13.9%. In 2010, the vacancy rate in Roxbury was 48%, which represents a slight increase from 47% in 2000. Vacancy rates have generally declined since 1990, when the rate stood at 53%. The
4 Variability in estimates for Roxbury result from at least two aspects of the ACS: the definition of residence (i.e. a respondent’s “current” residence for more than 2 months) will likely capture more “seasonal” residents in the Town, and due to its small population size, values much larger or smaller than the mean will tend to reduce an estimate’s precision. 5 Due to errors resulting from sampling procedures used by the ACS, difference in estimates should be evaluated using tests for statistical significance.
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number of vacant units has exceeded the number of owner-occupied units since 1990. In 2010, the number of seasonal, recreational, and occasional use units, which represents 89% of all vacant units and 43% of total units, exceeded the number of owner-occupied units (Figure 5). According to a recent survey of second home owners in Roxbury, 44% occupy these residences for between 1 and 3 months each year. This survey also indicated that half of these residences have been owned for greater than 20 years. As indicated by Figure 6, the Town’s population is relatively stable, with 68% of residents reporting in 2000 that they had lived in the same house in the past five years. This represents an increase of 18% since 1990. As Figure 7 illustrates, house values have fluctuated considerably while gross rents have steadily climbed. The distribution of house values in 2009 (Figure 8) shows a peak between $100,000 and $150,000, with most homes in the Town priced below $300,000.
I'>,=*4!/(('83#$=%=+A!There are several ways to determine if housing is generally affordable in a community.
Proportion of Income Spent on Housing Costs One method is to examine the proportion of income spent on housing costs. An accepted definition of affordable housing is housing for which a household pays no more than 30 percent of their annual income. According to the 2000 Census (Table 9), which collected information on housing costs as a percentage of income, a lack of affordable housing appears to affect proportionally more renters than owners of homes: almost 50 percent of renters pay greater than 30 percent of their income for housing, whereas only about 24 percent of owners do. Median gross rent ($481, in 2000) as a percentage of household income for renters was 27.2%. For homeowners, median selected monthly housing cost as a percentage of income was 16.7%. However, for those with a mortgage, this figure was higher (24.8%) than for those without a mortgage (12.2%). The ACS, taken by the Census Bureau, provides updated estimates for these estimates, providing a rough estimate of change in housing affordability in the Town. According
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Ratio of House Value to Income A second method to determine affordability is to look at the ratio between the median value of a single-family house and median household income. Nationally, a ratio of 2 or less is considered affordable. At the 2000 Census, the
median value of single-family owner-occupied homes stood at $78,200, and the median household income was $40,721. This calculates to a ratio of 1.92, indicating a high level of affordability. For the period between 2005 and 2009, the ACS estimates for median owner-occupied homes and median household income were $157,700 and $54,970, respectively. The resulting ratio, 2.86, indicates that single-family housing in Roxbury may have become less affordable. This trend is mirrored at the
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Purchase Price Multiplier A third method, the purchase price multiplier, also gives an indication of affordability. This statistic represents the maximum mortgage approval amount likely to be given to potential
homebuyers—usually about 2.25 times annual income. Based on the above-cited median income ACS estimated figure, which was $54,970 in 2009, this approach indicates the median income household could afford a house costing $136,050, assuming a 10% down payment. This is lower than the ACS-estimated median home price in the same period, $157,700.
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Summary Taken together, the data indicate that housing has likely become less affordable for individuals with incomes close to the Town median. Both the ratio of house values to income and the purchase price multiplier methods support this observation. Given median income levels, the purchase of a new home in Roxbury may not be affordable, and owners with a mortgage typically pay more per month for housing. And this is especially the case for renters, many of whom spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs. Updated ACS estimates (See Table 10) show that this trend has continued since 2000. Housing in the Town is most affordable for homeowners without a mortgage.
7@A,=0#%!#*3!D*<=8'*5&*+#%!R&#+>8&,!Roxbury is rural in character, with development and land use patterns defined by the sharp relief afforded by the hills and valleys found in this part of the Catskills. Active farmland is found throughout the Town, although much potential agricultural land shows evidence of disuse. The Town is entirely situated within the New York City Watershed, and although there are some significant State landholdings, about 19.1% (10,726 acres) of the Town is either owned in fee by New York City or is under some form of related easement.
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covers a small portion of total land area, about 313.7 acres, or 0.5% of total land area. Most of Roxbury is situated within the Delaware River Basin, specifically the East Branch subbasin, the headwaters of which are found along NYS Route 30 in the Town. The northern portion of the Town drains to Schoharie Creek, which flows to the Mohawk River. The Schoharie Reservoir, located partially in Roxbury, is the largest water body in Town. The Bush Kill, Plattekill, and Dry Brook are the other major streams.
East Branch Delaware River The East Branch of the Delaware River includes eight sub-basins that contribute to the Pepacton Reservoir, and it drains 371 square miles of land, with 644.4 miles of stream contained in the Alleghany Plateau. The river flows through a variety of landscapes from rolling hills to steep mountain sides. It borders on the high peaks of the Catskills where elevations approach 3500 feet. Andes, Middletown and Roxbury are entirely within the East Branch watershed and are contiguous to the main stem of the river. Part of Shandaken is also in the East Branch watershed. All of the revitalization area’s major population centers are within the watershed as well and include Margaretville, Fleishmanns, Arkville, Roxbury, Halcottsville, New Kingston and Andes. Grand Gorge is within the Schoharie watershed. The East Branch is a perennially-flowing river with a branching, tree-like drainage pattern. It flows through areas having sedimentary
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bedrock with upland areas covered with glacial till. Valleys have an uneven landscape due to past glacial influences, and are made up of sand, gravel, silt, glacial till, and clay soils. Alluvial fan deposits in the valleys were also formed by glaciers and are the areas in the watershed best suited for agriculture and building. Another significant feature found in the valleys of the East Branch is the considerable ground water resources that contribute to a year-round flow of water to the river. Soils within the watershed are all glacial deposits. The most common soil type is till. Soils range from poor to fair for agricultural uses, with some excellent farmland soils found on slopes that are less than 15%. Most soils in the area are well-drained to moderately well-drained, although some can be excessively drained. Compared to other streams and rivers in New York, the East Branch has unusually high year-round flows of water. This is due to storage of water in the watershed’s sandstone rocks that is slowly released by springs and subsurface seepage. This geological condition is critical to maintain the East Branch as trout habitat for most of the year. DEC has determined that there are minor impacts due to nonpoint nutrients in the water, but aquatic life is considered to be fully supported in all the East Branch tributaries, and there are no significant parameters of concern. However, many areas experience flooding and erosion/sedimentation remain an ongoing issue. Many of the stream segments are classified by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation as C(TS) and C(T) while several have even better water quality and are classified as A(T). These all support trout, or trout spawning. The latest water quality monitoring indicates the following for East Branch tributaries:
• The Plattekill (C(TS) includes Jones Hollow Brook, Palmer Hollow Brook,
Canada Hollow Brook, and Winters Hollow Brook, all of which are classified as C(T) or C(TS).
• The Bushkill, along with its tributaries including Red Kill, Little Red kill and Dry Brook are all non-impaired and classified as C(TS). Some portions of the Dry Kill are classified as AA(T).
• The Dry Brook is classified as C(TS) and AA(T) and includes Angus Hollow, Mine Hollow, Rider Hollow Stream, Todd Brook, Gill Gully, Haynes Hollow Brook, Turner Hollow Brook, Drury Hollow, Flatiron Brook and Shandaken Brook.
Wetlands There are 529.8 total acres of jurisdictional wetlands in Roxbury: about 273.8 acres are State and 256.0 acres are Federal. Many of these are associated with the East Branch of the Delaware River and the Schoharie Creek. In addition, there are about 812 acres of other hydric soils, which are a prime indicator of possible additional wetland areas. Wetland systems are natural assets for many reasons, including their capacity for flood control, groundwater recharge, as temporary filters of pollution carried by streams and runoff from the land, landscape and habitat diversity, education, research, and providing food and shelter for both rare species and economically important fish, birds, and animals.
Floodplains Floodplains in Roxbury are shown in magenta hatching on the Water Features map. Official floodplains6 are mapped by the Federal Emergency Management Agency along the East Branch of the Delaware River, Schoharie Creek, the Bear Kill, and a small portion of Vly Creek along the southern Town line.
"'B'48#B@A!Topographical features in Roxbury are shown on the Slope and Elevation maps. Elevations in the Town range from about 1,200 feet at Schoharie Creek to about 3,400 feet atop Bearpen Mountain. The ridge along which
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6 Floodplains are low-lying areas adjacent to water bodies that are periodically inundated during periods of excess water flow. According to Executive Order 11988, which outlines the Federal policy for development proposed in a floodplain, a floodplain is “the lowland and relatively flat areas adjoining inland and coastal waters including floodprone areas of offshore islands, including at a minimum, that area subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year.” This is known as the “base floodplain.”
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Plattekill Mountain and Relay State Forest are found forms the western Town line, and another ridge, dominated by Bearpen Mountain and forming Vega Valley, is found along the eastern Town boundary. Elevation exceeds 3,000 feet along much of these ridgelines, and the steepest slopes (45% and greater) can be found in the northern portion of the Town. The valleys formed by this topography generally have slopes of less than 15%.
L'=%,!Soils conducive to farming are principally found to the west of the East Branch and in the northern portion of the Town, although agricultural districts and farmland are found throughout the Town. As above-mentioned, there is a significant amount of hydric and wetland soils in Town, although these tend to be located in the valleys.
D0'%'4=0#%!U#+#!Data from the Natural Heritage Program, which tracks information on rare or state-listed animals and plants, significant natural communities, and other significant habitats, are presented in Table 11. Roxbury is home to three listed species, and may still be home to
one rare plant. In addition, there are numerous jurisdictional wetlands found throughout the town (See Water Features and Wetlands, above).
"'2*!W>34&+,!The 2011 Town budget is presented below (Table 12). It is composed of general, highway, and special district appropriations, which includes light, water, sewer, and fire districts. Figure 9 demonstrates the composition of the Town budget over time. In 2011, highway expenditures accounted for 48.8% of total appropriations; special districts, 24.6%; and general funds, 26.7%. Expenditures on the Town highway system accounts for nearly half of all spending: On average, between 2006 and 2011, the highway appropriation accounted for 47.4% of the Town budget. The Town budget has remained stable over time, with slow growth in both total appropriations and corresponding amounts to be raised through taxation (Figure 10). When adjusted for variations in assessment practices and to include the several different
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several playing fields. The district proposed a small increase of less than 1% for its 2011-2012 school year annual budget, which voters approved. It has implemented a technology plan, which covers the period 2010 to 2013. This plan has set a variety of goals, including changes in the student management system, professional development, and technology replacement and infrastructure development. Since 2001, enrollments have fluctuated between about 360 and 325 pupils, and by 2010, total enrollment showed a decline of almost 12% from 1998 levels (Table 13). By one projection, enrollments will drop below 300 in 2015 (Figure 12). The percentage of
students eligible for free lunch, derived from a formula based on household size and income, has generally risen in the period for which data are available; it has increased from a low of 12.8% in 1999-2000 to 32.0% in 2009-2010. For comparison, free lunch eligibility rates were 44.9% for Stamford, 26.9% in Gilboa-Conesville, and 46.0% in Margaretville. Recently, the number of teachers has dropped to 39—lower than the range of 42 to 45 seen between 1998 and 2009. Expenditure per pupil for the 2008 to 2009 school year was comparable to the state average of $19,381. A useful school district financial indicator is the local revenue effort rate, which is the ratio
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of local revenues to aggregate property value in the school district. Figure 13 shows the local revenue effort rate for RCSD, which has recently declined to 11.0, which is less than the state rate in 2008 of 13.1. This indicates that property values may enable the school to raise more revenue. The Otsego Northern Catskills Board of Cooperative Educational Services (ONCBOCES) also operates the Northern Catskills Occupational Center located in Grand Gorge. The ONCBOCES offers 15 different Career and Technical Education programs, Alternative Education, GED, and adult students. Two New Visions Health Care Professions programs are also available for high ability seniors. ONCBOCES also provides non-instructional assistance to its 19
component school districts, of which includes the RCS.
)'55>*=+A!;84#*=F#+='*,!There are numerous Community Organizations providing services to or are located in the Town. The following list was obtained from the Town Clerk and the Town website:
• Catskill Community Garden Club • Catskill Mah Jongg Club • Girl and Cub Scouts • Grand Gorge Community Action Group • Grand Gorge Rescue Squad
• Grand Gorge Senior Dining Center • Grand Gorge Senior Social Club • Greater Roxbury Learning Initiative
Corporation • Rotary Club • The Roxbury Library Association • Roxbury Quilters • The Roxbury Volunteer Fire
Department • Grand Gorge Volunteer Fire
Department • Writers in the Mountains • Roxbury Arts Group • Woodchuck Lodge Association • Delaware County Youth Program
(hosted at RCSD on Main Street) • WIOX radio station • Roxbury Senior Citizens Club
I=,+'8=0!J&,'>80&,!A review of New York State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) records indicates the presence of a number of historic resources, listed at both the national and state levels. A summary is provided in Table 14. A large portion of the Hamlet of Roxbury is contained within the Roxbury Historic District. Nationally listed in 2003, the district is bounded by NY Route 30, Delaware County Route 41, Bridge Street, Vega Mountain Road, Lake Street, and Shepard Hill Road (See
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Historic Sites map). It is an expanded version of the Main Street Historic District originally listed on the national register in 1988. It contains 244 contributing (the earlier district contained 86) and 67 noncontributing historic resources; in total, 239 contributing buildings, 4 sites, and 1 structure are contained within the district.7 According to the National Register Nomination Form, “The historic district encompasses the entire area developed as the hamlet of Roxbury from the early nineteenth century to the mid-
twentieth century, including commercial and residential areas, railroad related features and right-of-way, Kirkside Park, and the adjacent Shepard Hills Gold Course, which is laid out on the side of the steep mountain that frames the hamlet on the west side of the river. The Roxbury Historic District is significant as a distinctive intact example of a rural Catskill Mountain hamlet.” Woodchuck Lodge, first listed as a National Historic Landmark in 1962 and, later, on the
National Register in 1987, is located outside of the Hamlet of Roxbury, on Burroughs Memorial Road. It was the home of John Burroughs from 1910 until his death in 1921. The listed property totals about 25 acres and contains both the Lodge itself as well as the surrounding fields, which figured prominently in Burroughs’ childhood, and which he wrote about in several of his books and collections of essays. The house is privately owned and open to the public on summer weekends, while Burroughs Memorial Field, which is a 3.5 acre parcel containing his gravesite below “boyhood rock,” is owned by the State and is also open to the public. According to the Nomination Form, “The land surrounding Woodchuck Lodge is as important as the building. It is John Burroughs’ writings about the land and its natural features that has national significance, and the house without its context has a severely diminished meaning.” SHPO records also reveal several historic cemeteries:
• Person Cemetery • Vega Cemetery • Parker Cemetery • Main Street Cemetery • Fairview Cemetery
Finally, there are a number of Archaeologically Sensitive Areas found throughout the Town. These areas are defined by SHPO as areas that either a) contain known archaeological sites or b) where the discovery of archaeological sites is predicted. Many of these sites are associated with the listed historic resources found in Table 14, and two principle clusters of sensitive areas are apparent from SHPO mapping data: an area generally extending along Route 30 south of the Roxbury Historic District, and in the northeast corner of the Town.
J&08&#+='*#%!J&,'>80&,!Numerous recreational opportunities exist in
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and around Roxbury. These include a variety of State and New York City-owned lands. The Catskill Forest Preserve is in close proximity to the east of Roxbury, and over 3,000 acres of New York City lands offer a variety of opportunities within the Town. Table 15 outlines recreational access to New York City-owned lands within the Town. New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYCDEP) recently opened up all NYCDEP-controlled lands that are adjacent to state-owned lands for hunting and fishing. The Schoharie Reservoir, a portion of which is located in the Town, is open to fishing, and portions of Schoharie Creek are stocked with trout by NYSDEC. Regulation of hunting and similar activities on DEP lands follows NYSDEC management unit rules and regulations.
State-owned lands managed by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) in the Town include portions of several state forests (See the Public Lands map). Relay State Forest straddles portions of the Towns of Stamford and Roxbury. It was created in 2000 and hosts hiking as well as horse riding trails, and it is also managed for logging. Significant portions of Plattekill State Forest, which surrounds the Plattekill ski area, are also located in Roxbury. Bearpen Mountain State Forest also straddles the Greene and Delaware County line. Recreational businesses in Roxbury include skiing, golf, horseback riding, ATV riding, snowmobiling, hiking, and indoor and outdoor baseball, softball, and soccer fields. A detailed list of private and nonprofit or public recreation opportunities is provided in Table 16.
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remained mostly stable between 1990 and 2005, and have declined on several sections of State roads since then. Historically, Route 23 appears to have carried more traffic and shows higher total traffic counts consistently since the 1970s. Over time, traffic on Route 30 has generally been lower, although it has increased steadily since 1977 (See Figure 14). According to recent State traffic volume estimates, the portion of Route 23 west of Route 30 in Grand Gorge experiences the highest traffic volumes; it also showed the greatest 3-year increase among all segments studied (41.2%). The portion of Route 30 between Grand Gorge and the Delaware County line also recently experienced a slight increase. Route 23 also has higher volumes in absolute terms. Therefore, routes into and through Grand Gorge constitute the busiest State roads in the Town.
County Roads According to the Town of Roxbury Comprehensive Plan (2002, “The Lamont Plan”), Delaware County roads within the town include:
• Route 36 running north-south along the Vega Valley;
• Route 8 serving Roxbury Run and
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State Roads State Routes 23 and 30 pass through the Town. Traffic counts (average annual daily traffic volume) generally increased through 1990,
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connecting the Vega Valley with NYS Route 30 (a seasonal road taken over by the County after construction of Roxbury Run);
• Route 41 along the western bank of the East Branch of the Delaware River towards the Plattekill Ski Center; and
• Route 53 at the northeastern-most corner along the Schoharie Reservoir.
County roads are paved and capable of handling heavier and higher capacity traffic, especially important for the Plattekill Ski Center and the more developed southeastern
portion of the town. County roads total 9.98 miles in length, slightly less than 10% of the town road system. County roads generally carry less traffic than the State roads (Table 18). Route 41 carries the most traffic, and traffic is highest between Bridge Street and NY 30, in the Hamlet of Roxbury. Route 36 between Denver and Route 8 is the third busiest segment, connecting Denver, the Vega Valley, and the area surrounding Roxbury Run Village.
The Town has varying levels of responsibility for maintenance of County-owned roads: Through a shared service agreement, the Town assists with stoning/oiling as well as paving of County roads; however, Roxbury is wholly responsible for plowing County roads in winter.
Town Roads The Town maintains an extensive system of roads. The Roxbury Highway Department maintains over 75% of the Town road network. In addition to the superintendent, the
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Department has 10 full-time staff and an assortment of in-house equipment. In addition to Town-owned roads, the Department has shared services agreements with the Town of Stamford, the Town of Harpersfield, the Town of Middletown, and Delaware County. These agreements relate to stoning/oiling and paving operations and, with the County, plowing. Traffic volumes on Town roads are low but are comparable to County volumes. According to the most recent information available (Table 19), volumes are generally greater to the west of NY 30, and were highest on Hard Scrabble Road. Elsewhere, volumes tend to be light. In 2011, the Department was not scheduled to undertake any paving in the Town—only
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sealing and stoning. Although long-term capital planning is informal, the Department identified several projects requiring attention. In the short-term, the Shepard Lane Bridge will soon require replacement, and the Vega-Dave Stewart Road Bridge will similarly require repair. In the long term, the salt and sand building may require expansion to meet Town needs.
Public Transportation There is a limited patchwork of public transit options available. An intercity bus operated by Adirondack Trailways travels along Route 23 between Oneonta and Kingston daily, stopping at Grand Gorge four times daily. According to NYSDOT data,8 in 2009, the Grand Gorge stop
8 Data are presented in Final Report, Delaware County Coordinated Public Transportation Implementation Study, Locally Developed Public Transit Human Services Coordinated Plan, February 2011.
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accounted for about 33% of all passengers on and off for the corridor. Delaware County Arc operates a daily fixed transportation route originating in Margaretville and passing through the Hamlet of Roxbury. The Delaware County Office for the Aging (OFA) operates a limited, deviated fixed route bus system (it will deviate up to one-mile from the designated stops to pick up and drop off passengers). It is intended to transport elders to larger communities within and outside the County to access shopping, medical, and personal business services. Its routes begin and end in Delhi, and it runs each Thursday, stopping in Roxbury and Grand Gorge. Depending upon the time of the month, it provides service to Oneonta, Albany, and Kingston. The OFA system is reaching more people but people are using it less often. Data for the entire system show that the number of one-way trips has declined by 33% between 1999 and 2008 but that it is serving 10% more individuals. Between 2007 and 2008, the system provided 12% fewer trips but serviced nearly twice as many people (170 compared to 272 unduplicated passengers).
Journey-to-Work Data Most people in Roxbury use personal transportation to travel to and from work. Census data show that of all workers (aged 16 and older), about 94% did not work at home
and commuted to their job. As the distribution of travel times for commuters in Figure 15 shows, a higher proportion of residents (54%) commute less than 20 minutes to work. The second peak in the distribution corresponds to the 19% of Town residents spending 45 min or longer travelling to work. Census data further indicate that the overwhelming majority of these trips are made with personal vehicles (Figure 16). Within this category, approximately 86% drove alone while 14% carpooled. The fraction of trips to work made by bus indicate that the bus service described above is likely more important for non-work trips. Finally, of those neither using some form of personal transportation nor working at home, the greatest percentage (3.1%, or 32 people) walked to work. These data do not, however, capture non-work-related trips. However, they highlight the continuing importance of the Town’s road network to its residents, who daily rely heavily on automobile transportation to commute to work.
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Fire Firefighting and rescue services are provided entirely by volunteers. According to Town
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budget data, there are 3 fire districts that serve varying portions of the Town:
• Middletown-Hardenburg Fire Department
• Roxbury Fire Department
• Grand Gorge Fire Department
Of these, the Roxbury Fire District and the Grand Gorge Fire District cover about 75% or more of the Town. The Grand Gorge Fire District is supported by mutual aid agreements with the Roxbury, Prattsville, Stamford, and Conesville Fire Departments. The Roxbury Fire District is supported by mutual aid agreements with their counterparts in Grand Gorge, Halcottsville, and the Middletown/Hard-enburgh Fire District. The Roxbury Fire Department maintains an inventory of 2 class A pumpers, 1 2,000 gallon tanker, 1 4X4 brush truck, and 1 ambulance. Currently, there are 6 EMT’s (Emergency Medical Technicians), 1 paramedic, and approximately 62 people on the volunteer roster; although, not all of them are currently active. According to the Lamont Plan, the Roxbury Fire Department felt a need for more volunteers at the time the plan was written. Lastly, the building in which the Fire Department is housed was constructed in 1962.
Ambulance and EMS Both the Roxbury Fire Department and the Grand Gorge Fire Department provide ambulance and rescue services in addition to firefighting services. Emergency ambulance service is also provided directly by Margaretville Memorial Hospital. Backup medical transport is provided by CMT Cooperstown. Hospital services are provided at Margaretville Memorial Hospital, Fox Hospital in Oneonta, and Bassett Community Hospital in Cobleskill.
Law Enforcement Local police services are provided throughout the Town of Roxbury by Town Constable Steve Williamson, who conducts regular road patrols in all areas. The Town also depends on the Delaware County Sheriff’s Department and the NY State Police.
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Utilities Electric service is provided by New York State Electric and Gas. Margaretville Telephone Company (MTC) provides cable TV and broadband service. According to a 2009 report by the Southern Tier East Regional Planning Development Board, broadband service is limited outside of the hamlet areas and the
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Route 30 corridor. Telephone service is provided by MTC, Verizon, and AT&T.
Water There are two water districts within the Town of Roxbury, one serving the hamlet of Grand Gorge, and one serving the hamlet of Roxbury. Both are served by the same source, a pair of wells located in the Hamlet of Roxbury. In addition, a privately owned water system serves the Roxbury Run development atop Scudder Hill Road. Areas outside the two water districts and the Roxbury Run system are served by private wells.
Grand Gorge Water District The Grand Gorge Water District serves that hamlet, with its boundaries approximately coterminous with the MOA-designated hamlet area.11 According to the recent Preliminary Engineer’s Report (Lamont Engineers, November, 2000), there are 158 services on the system, as well as an additional 22 commercial customers. The estimated total Equivalent Dwelling Units (EDU – single residential unit or equivalent in water use) is 247 EDU for residential and commercial users combined. Recently, the water source in Grand Gorge was abandoned, and the hamlet is now served by the Roxbury wells. As part of these capital improvements, treatment and source control facilities were also upgraded.
Roxbury Water District In addition to Grand Gorge, the Roxbury Water District provides public water in a service area that is approximately coterminous with the MOA-designated hamlet. Sources presently consist of two wells, one of which was upgraded when the transmission main to Grand Gorge was installed. According to recent operations data, an average of approximately 150,000 gallons per day (gpd) is pumped , the distribution of which is split evenly between Roxbury and Grand Gorge. A
total of 67 million gallons were consumed in 2011, according to the required water withdrawal reporting for that year. (Average daily demand is down from 2011 figures due to repair of leaks.) It appears that the water distribution system has excess capacity. Well #1 has a capacity of 272 gallons per minute (gpm) and is system’s primary water source. Well #2, which is used as a backup, has a capacity of 160 gpm. For capacity calculations, the lower of the two sources controls. Based on rough calculations with Well #2 controlling, potential capacity is 230,400 gpd. Therefore, the usage statistics cited above indicate that there is roughly 35% spare capacity.
Roxbury Run Water District A privately owned well system provides water to the 158 residential units in the Roxbury Run development.
Wastewater There are three sewer districts and one supplemental sewer service area within the Town of Roxbury: one serving the hamlet of Grand Gorge, one serving the hamlet of Roxbury, and a third (Denver Sewer District) serving Roxbury Run. There are two wastewater treatment plants: one in Grand Gorge, operated by NYCDEP, and one serving Roxbury Run, which is privately operated. On-site septic systems are utilized in the remaining parts of the Town.
Hamlet of Grand Gorge Grand Gorge is served by a sewage collection and treatment system that is wholly owned and operated by NYCDEP. A new treatment plant (Grand Gorge Wastewater Treatment Plant) was completed in 1998 entirely at City expense, and all operating and maintenance costs are absorbed by the City. This arrangement was established when the Schoharie Reservoir was built (1919 -1927)
10 Portions of the following are adapted from the Lamont Plan. 11 The Town is a signatory to the 1997 New York City Watershed Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) and is a member of the Coalition of Watershed Towns, an inter-municipal body composed of the municipalities located wholly or partially within the West of Hudson (WOH) New York City Watershed. This agreement, signed in view of the importance of the drinking water the WOH watershed provides and the ongoing filtration avoidance declaration, largely revolves around the City’s land acquisition program (LAP), and it sets up a framework for cooperation among signatories on matters relating to water quality. The City is prevented from acquiring land in MOA-designated hamlet areas, which are periodically
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and is the subject of a 1929 agreement that spells out the responsibilities of the City. As part of its New Sewage Treatment Infrastructure Program (NIP), construction of the Grand Gorge Sewer Extension Project was completed in October 2010. This extension, which is situated along NYS Rte. 23 west of the Hamlet of Grand Gorge, from Settlement Road to Bruce Porn Road, totaled approximately 5,100 linear feet. Approximately 20 homes, representing about 5,220 Gallons Per Day (GPD) were connected to the Grand Gorge WWTP.
Hamlet of Roxbury Roxbury hamlet wastewater is pumped to the City-owned Grand Gorge WWTP for treatment and discharge. This sewer extension project was completed in 2005, has a permitted flow of 91,000 GPD, and has displaced 315 septic systems; it is the product of an agreement reached in the spring of 2001 between the Town of Roxbury and the City of New York. This agreement also established a Roxbury Hamlet Sewer District and corresponding sewer service area boundary (See Map 14 – Hubbell Corners Sewer Service Area). Under the New Sewage Treatment Infrastructure Program, the City has also funded an additional collection system in the area of the Hamlet of Hubbell Corners to convey wastewater to the pump station in the Hamlet of Roxbury for treatment in Grand Gorge. Construction of the conveyance system was completed in 2010, and property owners are currently in the process of connecting to the system. According to the City, this project displaced 29 septic systems and has a permitted flow of 9,000 GPD. It also establishes the Hubbell Corners Supplemental Sewer Service Area (See Map 15 – Roxbury Hamlet Sewer Service Area). This represents a total permitted flow of 100,000 to the Grand Gorge WWTP. According to operations personnel, average daily flows are currently between 35,000 and 40,000 GPD; this will likely climb to between 40,000 and 45,000 when all connections to the Hubbell system have been made.
In terms of system expansion, the Town of Roxbury may seek New York City approval, but even if approved, New York City does not have an obligation to pay for the attendant sewer extension, whereas inside the sewer service area, New York City is obligated to pay for sewer extensions where “the existing on-site subsurface treatment system (SSTS) has failed or is at imminent risk of failing and cannot reasonably be repaired, or where, for new construction, sewer construction, sewer extensions are necessary because an SSTS is not practical due to site conditions (e.g. lot size, soils, water table) and / or legal constraints.”12
Denver Sewer District The sewage collection and treatment system at the Roxbury Run Village development was originally built and then operated as a transportation corporation by the project developers. When faced with a costly and required upgrade of the treatment facility, the owners turned the system over to the Town. Under New York State law, the Town had no choice but to accept it; the result was the creation of the Denver Sewer District, and the completion of the required upgrade, with the cost of the upgrade and continuing operation managed as a public sewer district under the auspices of the Town of Roxbury but paid for through assessments on the properties in the Roxbury Run development. According to NYCDEP, it has a permitted flow of 0.0350 Million Gallons Per Day.
Solid Waste All solid waste collection is handled by private haulers. Private contract haulers must deliver their collected refuse to the Delaware County Landfill, which is located near the Town of Walton. The Town of Roxbury has a transfer station located just off NYS Route 30 approximately 3 miles north of the hamlet of Roxbury. Town residents can drop household refuse on specified days free of charge, and as Delaware County residents, they may also use services provided by the County Solid Waste Management Center and Compost Facility.
12 Quoted in the 2002 Lamont Plan
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the combination of residential, vacant, and forested lands constitute about 88% of all land uses in the Town. Agricultural uses are found on about 7% of parcels. The most prevalent agricultural activities in Roxbury, both by land area and number of parcels, are crops (primarily haylage) and livestock. Most farms are between 50 and 1,000 acres in size. Smaller, specialty and hobby farms are less common. There are several State-owned and managed forest lands in Roxbury, including Bearpen Mountain State Forest, Halcott Mountain Wild Forest, Plattekill State Forest, and Relay State Forest. City-owned land is distributed throughout the Town, and it includes a portion of the Schoharie Reservoir (found in the northeast corner of the Town). Varying degrees of public use are permitted on these parcels. Many City-owned parcels are found in the headwaters of the tributaries of both the East Branch and Schoharie Creek, and there are some public holdings near the headwaters of the East Branch itself. Roxbury Town Park, located in the Hamlet of Roxbury, is bisected by the East Branch as it flows through the hamlet. There are many second homes in Roxbury (See Second Homeowner map) distributed across the Town. There are 1,926 acres of State-owned land, or 3% of the land base in Roxbury. One hundred
X#*3!Z,&!The East Branch of the Delaware River bisects the Town of Roxbury, where it originates from its headwaters along Route 30. The Town lies in two river basins: The Delaware River and the Mohawk River, to which the Schoharie Creek, partly situated in Roxbury, ultimately flows. The principal developed areas in Roxbury are the Hamlet of Grand Gorge, the Hamlet of Roxbury, and the Denver/Vega Valley area, although the latter does not offer the range of services or exhibit the density of development of either Roxbury or Grand Gorge.
Development outside the two hamlets has occurred largely in the several valleys formed by the ridgelines (Catskill Mountains) that cross the Town. Residential land uses are found on over 40% of parcels in Roxbury, and
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percent of the town is within the New York City watershed. About 10,725 acres are owned or controlled through easements by New York City (about 19% of the land base). Of that, 8,099 acres are owned (14%) and 2,625 acres have conservation easements (5%). See NYC Land Acquisition Map. Properties owned by second homeowners who live part-time in Roxbury are significant land use feature. About 14,133 acres on 1,.269 parcels are owned by second-homeowners, or about 25% of the town’s land base.
W>=%3=*4!7&85=+,!Over the past 5 years, total building permits issued ranged from 158 in 2006 to 37 in May of 2011 (Table 20). The largest category is consistently additions, alterations, and major repairs. In this period, 58 new residences were permitted. Figure 17 shows all building permits and numbers of new housing permits from 2001 to May 2011. Permits of all types have largely declined since 2004, and the number of new residence permits dropped 80%
between 2005 and 2010. The pace of all types of construction in the Town appears to have slowed over the past five years.
7#80&%!U#+#!Property class data are shown in Table 21. Residential uses make up both the largest number of parcels and the greatest percent of total land area in Roxbury. Within this category, single family uses are found on the greatest number of parcels (1,269), but the highest percentage of land area is rural estates (15,585 acres or 28.3% of Town land area). The combination of vacant land13 and wild, forested, conservation lands, and public parks is 47.9% of the Town land area. There are 6 industrial uses on 106 acres and 86 commercial uses on 171 acres. Agricultural uses are found on only 83 parcels but constitute a significant percent by land area of all uses, with over 4,000 acres or 7.4% of land area.
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activity is an indicator of construction activity in a given time period. In addition, because the lots created by subdividing existing parcels are not necessarily built upon in the same year they are created and added to a town’s existing parcel stock, these data also indicate the magnitude of potential construction in the future. Since 1990, a total of 305 lots have been created by 111 different subdivisions in the Town. In that period, the average size of all subdivisions was 2.7. Figure 18 depicts these trends graphically. Over this time period, about 70% of lots were created from 1990 to 2000; this represents 61% of all subdivisions. Since 2000, the pace of parcel creation has slowed, especially since 2006. In general, subdivisions in this 22-year period have been small and would likely be classified as “minor subdivisions” under Town regulations (depending upon the availability of public infrastructure).
X#*3!Z,&!J&4>%#+='*,!Table 22 presents a selection of local laws in Roxbury that may have land use implications. Laws relating to site plan review, subdivision, historic preservation, and wind towers are briefly discussed in this section, below.
Site Plan Review The Town’s Site Plan Review Law was enacted in 2010. It applies to new commercial construction, and to expansion of existing commercial structure or use that will increase the gross floor area of existing structures by more than 20%. It sets out submission requirements for site plan applications and contains procedures for review by the Town Planning Board. It also establishes standards and considerations relating to traffic and circulation; layout of developments, site appearance, and relationship to existing development; utilities improvements; maintenance; and environmental quality, among others.
Subdivision Law The Town subdivision law, known as the Town of Roxbury Land Subdivision Regulations, was first enacted in 1985 and has since been amended four times, most recently in 2002. It creates minor and major subdivision review procedures and submission requirements. Minor subdivisions under these Regulations are defined as resulting in 3 or fewer lots fronting on an existing road; major subdivisions are defined as creating 4 or more lots and requiring the extension of Town facilities or the creation of public improvements. Finally, it sets forth design standards relating to roads, drainage, utilities, sidewalks, and lot improvements as well as environmental considerations.
Historic Preservation Law The Historic Preservation Law was enacted in 2009, and it was amended in 2011. The Law creates the Roxbury Historic Preservation Commission, consisting of 5 members serving 3-year terms. The Commission, among other powers, can designate historic districts and
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landmarks, and it issues Certificates of Compatibility for a) demolition or b) new construction activities that affect landmarks or historic districts in the Town.
Wind Generating Towers Law The Town of Roxbury Wind Energy-Deriving Towers Law was enacted in 2002. Its stated intent is “to regulate the development of large scale (50KW or greater) wind energy-deriving towers (wind turbines) in the Town.” To this end, the law includes procedural and performance standards for wind tower siting applications.
Critical Environmental Areas A portion of the Town was designated in 1990 as a Critical Environmental Area (CEA) under State regulation in order to protect groundwater aquifers from which the Town drinking water supply is derived.1 A CEA is a specific geographic area designated by a state or local agency having exception or unique environmental characteristics”14 with respect to, in the Roxbury CEA, a benefit or threat to human health. Under State law, this area may be subject to heightened standards of environmental review to ensure that actions will not affect the reason for its designation (i.e. the protection of groundwater aquifers).
NYCDEP Watershed Regulations Some key elements of the Watershed Regulations (from the Catskill Watershed Corporation Website at http://www.cwconline.org/pubs/moa.html) are outlined below. Construction of new wastewater treatment plants is prohibited in certain basins, and all existing wastewater treatment plants must install sophisticated wastewater treatment technology within 5 years, for which the City will pay. In addition, plants are not allowed to discharge effluent into wetlands and may only discharge into intermittent streams subject to NYSDEC standards. All septic systems installed, repaired or replaced in the Watershed require prior approval by the City, and no septics are allowed within 100 feet of a watercourse or
wetland or within 300 feet of a reservoir. It should be noted that these standards are state-wide standards, and not exclusive to the Watershed. No new impervious surfaces are permitted within 300 feet of a reservoir, or 100 feet of a watercourse or wetland. Some exemptions to this rule exist for villages, hamlets, commercially zoned areas, and single family home construction. Construction of new roads are prohibited within 50 feet of intermittent streams or wetlands, 100 feet of perennial streams or 300 feet of a reservoir. Access roads to subdivisions are allowed within the 100 foot buffer subject to approval by the City of a stormwater pollution prevention plan. The location of new petroleum storage tanks is restricted. For example, no new gas stations or underground home heating oil tanks are permitted within 100 feet of a watercourse or 500 feet of a reservoir. No new registered hazardous substance storage tanks are permitted within 100 feet of a watercourse or 500 feet of a reservoir. Many types of new commercial and industrial projects within the Watershed now require the preparation of a "Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan" (SPPP), which must be reviewed and approved by the City before final project approval may be granted. Examples of projects that require a SPPP are:
• Plans for development or sale of land that will result in the disturbance of five (5) or more acres of total land area as described in the definition of larger common plan of development or sale in Appendix A of the General Permit No. GP-0-10-001
• Construction of a subdivision (defined as any tract of land divided into five or more parcels of five acres or less along an existing or proposed street);
• Construction of a new industrial, institutional, municipal, commercial, or multi-family residential project that will result in creation of an impervious surface totaling over 40,000 square feet in size;
14 A map of the Roxbury CEA may be found at http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/
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• A land clearing or land grading project, involving two or more acres, located at least in part within the limiting distance of 100 feet of a watercourse or wetland, or within the limiting distance of 300 feet of a reservoir, reservoir stem or controlled lake or on a slope exceeding 15 percent;
• Construction of a new solid waste management facility or alteration or modification of an existing solid waste management facility within 300 feet of a watercourse or wetland or 500 feet of a reservoir, reservoir stem or controlled lake;
• Construction of a gasoline station;
• Construction of an impervious surface for a new road;
• Construction of an impervious surface in the West of Hudson watershed within a village, hamlet, village extension or area zoned for commercial or industrial uses; or
• Up to a 25 percent expansion of an existing impervious surface at an existing commercial, institutional, municipal, or industrial facility which is within the limiting distance of 100 feet of a watercourse or wetland.
These requirements are in addition to those set forth under New York’s State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPEDES) program, which is administered by NYSDEC. The State also sets standards for the preparation of SWPPPs reviewed by NYSDEC and NYCDEP, although the latter sets standards for redevelopment and retrofits separately. Generally, projects disturbing 1 or more acres of land are classified according to whether post-construction stormwater controls, or best management practices, are required in addition to the SWPPP. One area where the NYCDEP requirements are more stringent is in the construction of individual residences. NYCDEP requires that these projects utilize post-construction stormwater management best practices. Provisions in the Watershed Regulations that will affect homeowners most are those that deal with the placement and operation of septic systems, the location of underground fuel oil storage tanks, and the construction of new impervious surfaces (i.e. driveways) on
residential property. However, even though a homeowner may live in the Watershed, the revised regulations will have the greatest impact on those homeowners who live near water—like reservoirs, wetlands and streams. All existing septic systems that are operating according to federal, state and local approvals, but don't meet the additional requirements of the watershed regulations, are allowed to continue. However, if a septic system should fail and need major replacement, its repair should be made according to the new standards. If, because of site limitations or other conditions, that is impossible, the owner must work with NYCDEP to determine the most appropriate design and location. In addition, NYCDEP must review and approve any modification, expansion or remediation of an existing septic system. Routine repairs and maintenance are not affected by the regulations. With regard to new septic systems, the NYCDEP will continue to monitor and approve design, treatment methods, construction, maintenance and operation. New conventional septic systems will not be allowed within 100 feet of a watercourse or 300 feet of a reservoir. When site conditions are unsuitable for a conventional system, raised systems are allowed, with certain restrictions on location. In addition, DEP regulations:
• prohibit mound systems, intermittent sand filters and evapotranspiration/absorption systems;
• require an additional area of at least 100% of the primary absorption field's area to be set aside as a reserve field;
• prohibit the building of primary or reserve fields under pavement or other impervious surfaces;
• call for at least one percolation test and one deep hole test to be performed;
• prohibit the siting of new septics where soil percolation rates are inadequate; require a pump system to have a backup storage tank capable of holding one day's flow.
The watershed regulations govern the siting of
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new impervious (i.e. paved) surfaces such as roads, roofs and parking lots. The regulations prohibit the construction of impervious surfaces within 100 feet of a watercourse or 300 feet of a reservoir, except in the following circumstances: the construction of improvements or additions to an individual residence (as long as they are non-commercial); agricultural activities; the construction of a new road needed to provide access to 2 or more parcels of land or to a subdivision; the paving of an existing dirt or gravel road; the construction of a driveway, where the driveway is needed to provide access to an existing residence. With regard to limits on new residential construction, impervious surfaces are prohibited within 300 feet of a reservoir. In addition, the construction of new homes within 100 feet of a perennial stream or wetland, in most cases, will be permitted, but will require an "Individual Residential Stormwater Permit" from the NYCDEP.
railroad employees, agricultural production employees, and most government employees. Business activity in the Town includes about 48 establishments in both the Roxbury and Denver zip codes. In general, the Roxbury zip code has a higher level of economic activity. Between 1998 and 2008, the number of establishments decreased; first-quarter payroll also decreased. Annual payroll increased by 8.7%. Roxbury has higher levels of employment. In 2008, number of employees data were suppressed, making comparison difficult, but the last year for which data are available, 2006, shows 6 employees in the Denver zip code and 269 in the Roxbury zip code. In 1998, the industries represented in Table 23 for the Roxbury zip code included a variety of establishments across 15 different industry classes. Together, there were 17 construction and retail establishments accounting for 35% of the total. Most establishments had between 5-9 employees or fewer; one business in the accommodation and food services sector had between 50-99 employees. The Denver zip code had 5 establishments spread evenly across 5 industries. Most establishments employed between 1 and 4 people in 1998. In 2008, the Roxbury zip code had lost employment in manufacturing, wholesaling,
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the unclassified category, and transportation and warehousing, decreasing the number of industries in the Town from 15 to 11, and construction and retail accounted for 18 of all establishments, or 44%. The largest employers employed between 20-49 people and were now concentrated in the Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation sector. Other establishments had mostly (90%) 1-9 employees. In the Denver zip code, establishments now represented 6 industries; construction, with 2 businesses, was the dominant category. In Denver, all establishments had between 1 and 4 employees. According to the 2000 census, most people reported working in Education, Health and Social Services, followed by construction and manufacturing (Table 24). Table 25 shows that in many ways, Roxbury is more comparable to the State of New York than to Delaware County in terms of broad employment classification of its population. Between 1990 and 2000, the percentage of persons in the labor force decreased from 54.5% to 57.4% (Table 26). Overall, the proportion of women in the labor force increased at a faster rate than growth in the population 16 years and older; the number of persons not in the labor force also grew substantially, and in 2000 stood at 45.5% of those aged 16 and older.
/48=0>%+>8&!As stated in the Delaware County Agricultural Growth and Sustainability Plan, 2010-2015, “Agriculture has long been recognized as an important business in Delaware County. The NYC Watershed Economic Impact Assessment
report completed in 2009 identified agriculture as a mature, ‘mainstay’ industry in Delaware County.” As indicated above, agriculture in Roxbury accounts for land use on about 83 parcels representing 7.4% of total land area in Roxbury. Of this, livestock-related uses are found on a majority of agricultural parcels, both by land area and by number of parcels. Together with cropland and horse farms, livestock operations constitute 90% of agricultural parcels and 88% of total agricultural land area (Table 27). Another way to capture the nature and extent of farming in the Town is using data from the US Agricultural Census. Conducted every five years, data are available at both the county and zip code levels. Although the 12474 (Roxbury) and 12421 (Denver) zip codes overlap other towns and do not entirely cover the Town itself, these data give another snapshot of the type and level of farming going on in and around Roxbury. Table 28 presents three census counts of farm operations roughly located in the Town. The Roxbury zip code has consistently hosted more farming operations, and roughly, more of these farms are run as the operator’s principal occupation. More operations also harvest crops in this zip code. Throughout the Town, more farms are 50 acres and larger. The total number of farming operations decreased since 2002. In 2007, both zip codes included a mix of full and part-owners, and most operations had less than $50,000 in commodity sales. All principal operators lived on their farms. Operations with
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but are comparable to Delaware County, although per capita income is substantially higher. Per capita income in the Town is also the highest of adjacent towns. When compared to adjacent towns, household and family incomes are within the range of these other places. Table 30 depicts changes over time in income-related data for the Town. When converted to constant 1999 dollars, family, household, and per capita income values have all increased, although median household income has increased only slightly. Per capita income has grown by a third. The number of individuals in poverty has decreased. The substantial
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decrease in public assistance income is usually accounted for by changes in federal programs as well as different definitions of eligibility. Finally, the number of households with retirement income has increased substantially, and Social Security income households also increased faster than the growth in households generally. In general, more persons 25 and older in the Town are high school graduates than New York State—83% compared to 79% for the State in 2000 (Table 31). Yet the percent holding advanced degrees is lower than that of the State: 28.8% for the Town versus 34.6% for the State. More of the Town’s population have also completed some college but no degree, and this is the fastest growing category in the Town between 1990 and 2000—both in absolute and relative terms. Also increasing faster than the population (here, persons 25 years and older) are persons with some advanced degree.
Public Transit Human Services Coordination Plan (2011). The County is also currently working on a county Comprehensive Plan.
)'88=3'8!The Delaware Soil and Water Conservation District has prepared an extensive Stream Corridor Management Plan for the East Branch of the Delaware River (2007).
J&4='*#%!The Town of Roxbury, along with the Town of Middletown, the Town of Andes, and the Village of Margaretville in an upcoming State-funded planning effort to comprehensively analyze and plan for economic development. In addition, the Southern Tier East Regional Planning Development Board has compiled the following plans: Southern Tier East Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy Annual Report (2009 & 2010); Telecommunications Action Plan (2009 Update), which inventories telecommun-ications infrastructure and issues, including those pertaining to Delaware County; and the Water Supply and Sewage Disposal Systems in the Southern Tier East Region (2009).
M#+&8,@&3!While it does not specifically treat the Town of Roxbury, the Comprehensive Plan for the Water Resources of the Susquehanna River Basin (2011) is relevant in that it discusses a suite of issues relating to the management of water resources in the SRBC’s jurisdiction. It provides an assessment of water resource needs basinwide, sets out priority and special interest management areas, and presents and implementation and action framework. Among the issues discussed are flood control, water quality, and water supply. Due to its stake in the watershed and ownership of a significant portion of these lands, New York City also has written several documents that outline its planning initiatives. Among these are the Extended NYC Water Ashokan Watershed Stream Management Program – 2010!2012 Action Plan and the Extended NYC Watershed Land Acquisition Program DEIS (2010).
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"'2*!A plan entitled Historic Analysis, Existing Conditions and Schematic Planning – Kirkside Park (1999) was carried out for Roxbury Arts Group and the Kirkside Park Committee. It includes plans and numerous historic images of the park. It documents conditions and historic developments and includes plans for the park. The Lamont Plan, which was adopted in 2002, has served as the Town Comprehensive Plan.
)'>*+A!The Delaware County Department of Economic Development recently completed the Delaware County Agricultural Growth and Sustainability Plan, 2010-2015, The DMA 2000 Hazard Mitigation Plan is currently in draft form. The County has also sponsored the Delaware County Gateway Community Tourism Assessment (2008). The County also sponsored the Delaware County Coordinated Public Transportation Implementation Study Locally Developed
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2. Elevation
3. Slope
4. Water Features
5. Property Class
6. Farmland
7. Public Lands
8. Historic Sites
9. Designated Areas
10. NYCDEP Land Acquisition
11. Workshop Map
12. Scenic Views
13. Critical Environmental Areas
14. Hubbell Corners Sewer Service Area
15. Roxbury Hamlet Sewer Service Area
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9*+8'3>0+='*!Public involvement is a critical piece of comprehensive planning. During the planning process in Roxbury, members of the public had several opportunities to provide input. In addition, these opportunities were structured such that they happened at strategic points. For example, once a detailed list of vision and goals was generated, an additional workshop was held to ascertain how these elements should be prioritized. A summary of these opportunities is provided below.
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/$'>+!+@&!M'81,@'B!In the summer of 2011, two identical workshops were held in the Town of Roxbury – one in the hamlet of Roxbury and one at the Community Center in Grand Gorge. The workshop was designed to involve the community in development of the updated Comprehensive Plan by hearing what residents feel about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing the Town. In addition, the workshop was designed to help residents articulate a long-range vision for the future of the Town. Because two workshops were held, the results are presented for both locations. Areas of similarity and differences are noted below. A detailed summary of all results from the two public planning workshops is provided as Appendix A.
/$'>+!+@&!7#8+=0=B#*+,!There were approximately 65 participants (~25 from Roxbury and ~40 from Grand Gorge). Of those, 17 from Roxbury and 25 from Grand Gorge filled out an informational survey. These surveys represent a snapshot of participants as follows:
55% of participants were aged 60 to 74. 14% were 74+ years old, and 29% were 45 to 59 years old. One person was aged 30 to 45. There were no participants younger than 44 years. Grand Gorge had a higher percentage of people aged 74 years+ at the workshop. Households that participated represented 10 children less than age 18. The average number of years participants lived in the Town was 20.3, but it ranged from 1 year to 79 years. The median number of years as a resident was 16. The majority of participants was full time residents (88%) and was evenly split between males and females. About 40% indicated they had a four-year or more college education, 35% had some college, 12% had a two-year degree, and 14% had a high school diploma.
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Positive Features Identified When results for both workshops are combined, the most positive features identified relate to community character, the environment and services/activities that make Roxbury a quality town to live in. The small town atmosphere, including a friendly, supportive and caring atmosphere along with the historic rural environment had the highest priority among participants. High priorities also includes facilities and organizations (RAG, Plattekill, senior services, radio station, churches) along with outdoor recreation and a diversity of businesses. Although there are some minor differences seen in ranking positive features between Roxbury and Grand Gorge, the features included on lists from both locations are consistent.
Negative Features Identified The priority and common negative features to be identified generally relate to unkempt properties, poor aesthetic conditions, lack of business, jobs and economic development and lack of services needed by residents (medical care, sidewalks, parking).
Actions and Strategies Suggested to Address Negatives and Positives Participants were asked to offer suggestions to ‘fix’ negative features of the Town and ‘preserve’ positive features of the town.
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Vision Statements from Workshop Participants also worked to develop vision statements. Each table was assigned the task of identifying what the ‘perfect Roxbury of the future’ would look like, and to consolidate their thoughts into a long-term vision. The results below outline the table-by-table results. The results, organized by table, show the major vision categories (numbered) and the specific elements that contribute to that vision (bulleted points). Some tables wrote summary statements that pull all the elements and categories together.
J'K$>8A! I=4@! L0@''%! [! L+>3&*+!9*B>+!A workshop was done with Mrs. Mattice’s Local Government Class at the Roxbury High School. Students worked to identify strengths, weaknesses and a future vision for the town. See Appendix A for a detailed tabulation of these results.
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J&,=3&*+!L>8<&AG!In Summer of 2011, a survey was developed to provide information concerning the demographic and other characteristics of Town residents and to gauge their attitudes toward a variety of issues facing the Town. Specific issues included economic development, recreation, agriculture, desired types of land development, and Town services (e.g. Highway maintenance). The survey was also intended to further describe residents’ perceptions of Town strengths and weaknesses as well as broad goals to guide the Town. The survey was conducted online, with paper copies provided to those requesting them. A total of 324 responses were recorded. Based on a 2010 census population of 2,502, this represents a response rate of roughly 12.9%. Highlights of the Resident Survey are as follows:
• Promotion of main street businesses and protecting natural environment should receive most emphasis.
• Tourism, development of agriculture, promotion of small-scale manufacturing were important economic activities to pursue.
• More activities for teens are needed along with swimming and bike/hike trails.
• More affordable single-family homes are needed, as well as senior living facilities.
L&0'*3!I'5&'2*&8!L>8<&AN!As part of the Esopus-Delaware Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan (See Regional Planning Efforts, Part IV), a survey of second homeowners survey was developed to assist in the preparation of the regional economic revitalization strategy. The survey was designed to compile demographic information and solicit feedback about the property use patterns, spending behaviors, and interests of part!time residents, as well as opportunities for local communities to create stronger and more productive relationships with this population. Second homeowners were identified using property assessment data for the towns and villages in the Esopus/Delaware area. Based on the assumption that the owners of residential properties with out!of!town mailing addresses3 were likely to be second homeowners, approximately 4,400 households across the Esopus/Delaware region were identified. In April 2011, the MARK Project mailed a letter to the identified property owners, explaining the Esopus/Delaware Economic Revitalization Strategy and inviting them to participate in the online survey. Due to technical issues believed to be related to browser compatibility problems, a PDF version of the survey form was also made available; completed forms were returned directly to the consultant team via e!mail. The majority of the responses, however, were made
1 Tabulated results, including responses to open-ended questions, are presented in Appendix B and Appendix C. 2 For a full description of the survey methodology, see Revitalizing the Esopus/Delaware Region of the
Central Catskills (2012). Tabulated results are presented in Appendix D. 3 This was defined by zip code: property owners whose mailing address included a zip code from within the
Esopus/Delaware were excluded.
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online. Of the 345 total responses received, 60 were from the Town of Roxbury. About 1,440 total households were identified second homeowners residing in Roxbury. Thus, the response rate for Roxbury is about 4%. Highlights of the Second Homeowners Survey are as follows:
• Small town, rural lifestyle, scenic beauty, natural environment, nearby recreation are strengths.
• They buy groceries, use restaurants, buy building supplies, garden supplies, and gifts locally (spend about 50% of incomes here), use local services for building and building maintenance.
• They feel there is not enough choice of stores or restaurants, there is limited selection of goods, and items wanted are not consistently available.
W>,=*&,,!L>8<&A!Also as part of the Esopus-Delaware Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan, businesses in the region were surveyed. In spring 2011, the consultant team developed an online business survey to assist in the preparation of the regional economic revitalization strategy. The survey was designed to gather information from entrepreneurs about their businesses and solicit input about the local business climate and potential economic opportunities. Names and addresses (and, where available, e!mail addresses) of approximately 575 businesses in the Esopus/Delaware area communities were compiled, including approximately 130 in Roxbury (also including the nearby hamlet of Halcottville), which yields a response rate of 9.2%. Due to the nature of the questions, the survey was targeted to “person who makes the primary decisions for the business (e.g., owner, principal, executive director) based on his or her experience in the Esopus/Delaware area.”4 Highlights of the Business Survey include:
• Most respondents were located in Roxbury or Halcottsville; one business was located in Grand Gorge.
• A wide range of primary business activities were represented, including ag, construction, finance/insurance/real estate (FIRE), food service, retail, and lodging.
• Most businesses employed 4 people and fewer, seasonal or part-time; many businesses had no employees.
• In general, respondents reported that sales or revenue as well as demand for their product or service remained the same or slightly increased over the past two years. They also reported that these were expected to increase slightly over the next year.
• Access to capital and, in particular, cell phone coverage were among the most frequently cited areas of dissatisfaction with the business environment of the Town and region.
• Tourism promotion and marketing were seen as highly important for the future of the region.
4 For a full description of the survey methodology, see see Revitalizing the Esopus/Delaware Region of the Central Catskills (2012). Tabulated results for Roxbury businesses are presented in Appendix E
