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CalPoly - IEEE, EPI, PES May 27, 2010 Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering Education Applies to the Real World

Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

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Page 1: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

CalPoly - IEEE, EPI, PESMay 27, 2010

Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP

RNM Engineering, Inc.San Luis Obispo, CA

Consulting Electrical EngineeringHow Your Engineering Education Applies to the Real World

Page 2: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Agenda

• Describe consulting engineer's role in the design of power distribution and lighting systems for buildings

• (How your engineering education applies to the real world)

• Demonstrate a digital lighting control system

Page 3: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Useful Engineering Stuff

• Ohm’s Law• Fourier Analysis• Three Phase• √3• Boolean Logic• Manchester Coding• Inverse Square

Page 4: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Ohm’s Law - Wire Sizing

• What is the load current?• E = I R I = E / R • I = E / Z (for AC)• Z = Impedance of Load• P = E I pf • I = P / (E pf)• Lookup wire gauge in

National Electrical Code (NEC) 430380320500

380335280400

350310260350

320285240300

290255215250

2602301954/0

2252001653/0

1951751452/0

1701501251/0

1501301101

130115952

110100853

9585704

7565556

5550408

40 †35 †3010

30 †25 †25 †12

25 †20 †20 †14

90°C75°C60°CAWG

Temperature Rating of ConductorSIZE

Allowable Ampacity

Page 5: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Ohm’s Law - Withstand Rating

• How much current during a short circuit?• I = E / Z• Z = Impedance of Source

Page 6: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Results of Arc Flash

Page 7: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Codes and Standards

Page 8: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Software

• DAPPER• EasyPower• EDSA• ETAP

Page 9: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Fourier Analysis

• Total equals the sum of the parts

Page 10: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Graph of Fund. & 3rd Harm.

Page 11: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Graph of Fund, 5th & 7th Harm.

Page 12: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Voltage Configurations

• Single phase, two wire• Single phase, three wire, center tap• Three phase, three wire, delta, ungrounded• Three phase, three wire, delta, grounded• Three phase, four wire, delta, center tap• Three phase, four wire, wye

Page 13: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Single Phase – 2 Wire

AN

120V

120V-1∅-2W240V-1∅-2W

LOAD

Page 14: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Single Phase – 3 Wire

AN

B120V120V

240V

240/120V-1∅-3W480/240V-1∅-3W

LOAD

Page 15: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 3 Wire Delta

AC

B

240V240V

240V

240V-3∅-3W480V-3∅-3W

2400V-3∅-3W4160V-3∅-3W12470V-3∅-3W

LOAD

Page 16: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 3 Wire Delta

AC

B

240V240V

240V

240V-3∅-3W480V-3∅-3W

LOAD

Page 17: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 4 Wire Delta

AN

C

B

240V240V

120V120V

240∆/120V-3∅-4W

LOAD

Page 18: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye

A

N

C

B

208V

208V120V 120V

120V

208V

208Y/120V-3∅-4W480Y/277V-3∅-4W600Y/347V-3∅-4W

LOAD

Page 19: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Single Phase – 3 Wire Wye

A

N

C

120V 120V

208V

208Y/120V-3∅-3W

LOAD

Page 20: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye

A

N

C

B

208V

208V120V 120V

120V

208V

Page 21: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye

A

N

C

120V 120V

208V

Page 22: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye

A

N

C

120V 120V

208V

120°

Page 23: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye

A

N

C

120V 120V

208V

60°

30° 90°

Page 24: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

High School Geometry

• 30-60-90 triangle – Hypotenuse =1– Short leg = 1/2– Long leg = √3/2

Page 25: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

A

N

C

120V 120V

?V

60°

30° 90°

High School Geometry

• 30-60-90 triangle – Hypotenuse =1– Short leg = 1/2– Long leg = √3/2

120V √3/2

2x120V √3/2120V √3

208V120V x 1.73

Page 26: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

√3

• Three phase wye• P = IA VAN + IB VBN + IC VCN =

3 I VLN = I 3 VLN = I √3 VLL • P = I 3 * 120v = I √3 * 208v • P = I 3 * 277v = I √3 * 480v • P = I 3 * 7200v = I √3 * 12470v• 30-60-90 triangle• Hypotenuse to long leg: 1 to ½ √3

Page 27: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

How to Calculate Power

• Power = Volts x Amps [DC]• Power = Volts x Amps x PF [AC]• Power = VA x PF• VA = V x A [single phase]• VA = √3 x VLL x A [three phase]

• P = ∫VA/dt

Page 28: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Graph of Volts, Amps, Watts

Page 29: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Three Phase Power

• 3 phase = phase A + phase B + phase C• VA = VAN x AA + VBN x AB + VCN x AC

• If VAN=VBN=VCN and AA=AB=AC

• Then VA = 3 x VLN x A• VA = √3 x VLL x A [three phase]

Page 30: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

How to Calculate Energy

• Energy = Power X Time• WH = W x Hr [for a constant load]• WH = ∫Wt/dt [for a time variant load]

Page 31: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Boolean Logic

• And• Or• Nor• Xor• Not• If, then, otherwise

Page 32: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Manchester Coding

• No DC component• Direction of the mid-bit transition • Used in Ethernet and DALI

Page 33: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

• Ep and Intensity can be related

Cosine Inverse Square

Page 34: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

• The angles (θ,ψ) are from distances x, y, and z

Let the Computer to it

Page 35: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

ANDDON’T

FORGET

Page 36: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

And Don’t Forget

• Communication Skills• Law• Politics• Economics• Environment• Continuing Education

Page 37: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Communication Skills

• Verbal• Written• Graphic

Page 38: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Law

• License - PE• Codes• Standards• Insurance - professional E and O

Page 39: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Politics

• History• People• Objective• Point of View

Page 40: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Economics

• Cost of development• Cost to manufacture• Life cycle• Margin, mark up, profit• ROI• Payback

Page 41: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Environment

• Pollution – spill containment, air quality, carbon footprint

• Energy saving = Power reduction X Time reduction

Page 42: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

Continuing Education

• Magazines• Journals• Seminars• Webinars• Trade Shows• Professional Societies

Page 43: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

DALI Demonstration

• DALI: • Digital Addressable Lighting Interface• a digital lighting control system

Page 44: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

REDREDYELYELBLUEBLUE

BallastGNH

Requires Rapid Start Lampholders

Ground ballast case

DADA

PurplePurple

DimmerPush button

120VGreenWhiteBlack

DALI Dim

PowerSupply

DALI Demonstration

Page 45: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

45

Class 1 Wiring

Class 1WiringDALI Bus

DALI Ballast

DALI Ballast

DALI Ballast

CX Scene Controller

Class 2Wiring DALI Bus

DALI Ballast

Group Scene Controller

120 V

Power Supply

OccupancySensor

Photo Sensor

Relay Module

DOSI-120-D

Class 2 Wiring

PurplePurple

DALI Demonstration

Page 46: Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP - storage.googleapis.com · Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering

END