Review of Quiz n Weight & Balance n Stall Spin HOMEWORK n FAR 91.155 AIM SECTION 2 & 3 n JEPPESEN...
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Review of Quiz n Weight & Balance n Stall Spin HOMEWORK n FAR 91.155 AIM SECTION 2 & 3 n JEPPESEN CHAPTER 4 SECTION B & D n PHAK CHAPTER 13 & 14 n REVIEW
HOMEWORK n FAR 91.155 AIM SECTION 2 & 3 n JEPPESEN CHAPTER
4 SECTION B & D n PHAK CHAPTER 13 & 14 n REVIEW HANDOUT n
ASA Chapter 4-29 to 4-33, 5 to 5-16, 9-37 to 9-46, 11-13 to 11-15 n
AOPA Interactive Courses Due Next Class n Know Before You Go:
Navigating Todays Airspace n Mission: PossibleNavigating Today's
Special-Use Airspace n Solo packet should have been turned into
your flight instructor by now n PIF should have been read n
http://www.aopa.org/asf/online_courses/flashcards
/fcards_files/frame.htm
http://www.aopa.org/asf/online_courses/flashcards
/fcards_files/frame.htm
Slide 4
PRE-SOLO PACKET n Should have been turned in by now. n Pre-Solo
written should have been completed and graded n Runway Safety test
should have been completed
Slide 5
Private Pilot Ground School n AIRPORTS, AIRSPACE, AND RADIO
COMMUNICATIONS
Slide 6
CONTENT n Class A, B, C, D, E, G n Special Use Airspace n TFRs
n Federal airways & transition areas n LAHSO n Runway
incursions n Aeronautical lighting & Airport visual aids n
Airport Markings and signs n Collision avoidance n Communication
terminology
Slide 7
WEBSITES OF INTEREST n
http://www.asa2fly.com/files/updates/CUG7_u pdate_for_web.pdf
http://www.asa2fly.com/files/updates/CUG7_u pdate_for_web.pdf
http://www.uscg.mil/auxiliary/missions/auxa ir/vfr_symbols.pdf
http://www.uscg.mil/auxiliary/missions/auxa ir/vfr_symbols.pdf n
www.duat.com www.duat.com n
http://www.naco.faa.gov/pdfs/nw_143_25SEP2 008.pdf
http://www.naco.faa.gov/pdfs/nw_143_25SEP2 008.pdf n
http://tfr.faa.gov/tfr_map_ims/html/index.html
http://tfr.faa.gov/tfr_map_ims/html/index.html n
http://skyvector.com/ http://skyvector.com/
Slide 8
AIRSPACE (if you have a sectional take it out please) n
vertical dimensions n horizontal dimensions n pilot requirements n
equipment requirements n visibility requirements n how depicted on
the sectional n special requirements
Slide 9
Class A (above) Jep pg. 4-70,71 PHAK 14-2 n 18,000 to FL 600 n
Contiguous U.S. n pilot must be IFR rated n plane must be IFR rated
n no vis requirements n not marked on sectional 12 miles out from
coast n must be under IFR
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Class A Mneomonic n Above (above 18,000 ft) FL600 n Altitude
(mode C) n Altimeter (29.92) n Approval (ATC clearance) IFR
Slide 13
Class B
Slide 14
Class B (BIG BUSIEST AIRPORTS) n Surface to 10,000 msl n
Denoted by solid blue line n Pilot can be student in some private
minimum in others n Mode c and two way radio n 3 miles visibility
clear of clouds n Student 90 day endorsement
Slide 15
Class B n Boundary ATC clearance needed to enter n solid blue
line n Only found around heavy traffic areas n 30NM mode c veil
surrounds class B surface to 10,000msl n VFR transition routes n
VFR corridors n Flyways
Class C (Communicate) n An outer area with a 20 nm radius is
not depicted on charts, and is not really part of the Class C
airspace. However, ATC will provide Class C services to
participating VFR traffic in that area. Contact with ATC in the
outer area is encourage, but not required.
Slide 22
Class C (Communicate) n Surface to 4000agl n Inner circle 5nm,
outer circle from 5 to 10nm from 1200agl to 4000agl n Pilot can be
lowest form n Mode c and two way radio n 3 mile vis 500 below 1000
above 2000 horizontal
Slide 23
Slide 24
Class C n Solid magenta line n Must establish two way radio
comm. prior to entering n 2 way radio comm. is established when
they say call sign back n Found around high traffic areas but less
than class B airports.
Slide 25
Class C
Slide 26
Class D
Slide 27
Class D (Dialogue with Tower) n Surface to 2500agl n Average
4.4 nm based on rwy length (old AIM reference). n Pilot can be
lowest form n Two way radio n 3 mile vis 500 below 1000 above 2000
horizontal n Below 1000 feet or 3 miles airspace IFR n Dashed blue
line
Slide 28
Slide 29
Class D n Must establish two way radio comm. prior to entering
n Some class D airports have surface based E extensions controlled
by the tower. n If no weather reporting when tower closes, then it
reverts to G n If there is wx reporting then it reverts to E
Slide 30
Class D
Slide 31
Slide 32
Surface based Class E (everywhere else) n Surface, Magenta dash
line n 700agl, Magenta shading n 1200agl Blue shading n 14,500msl
not marked n Ends at: to but not including 18,000 n Above FL600
class E
Slide 33
Surface based Class E n Pilot can be lowest form n No radio
requirements when VFR n Less than 10,000msl; 3 miles 500 below,
1000 above, 2000 horizontal n Over 10,000msl; 5 miles 1000 below,
1000 above, 1 mile horizontal
Slide 34
Surface based Class E n If desired ops in surface E with
weather less than 3 miles and 1000' ceiling need special VFR
otherwise none n configured to include instrument approaches n
Surface based; dashed magenta line
Slide 35
Surface based Class E
Slide 36
Class E Transition Area n 700agl magenta shading towards the
area designated n 1200agl blue shading towards the area designated
n Blue zippers designate special altitudes of floors on sectional
chart n 14,500msl denoted by sharp edged blue shading forming a
box
Slide 37
Class E Transition Area
Slide 38
Class G Uncontrolled (Government Free) n Surface to 700agl n Or
surface to 1200agl n Or surface to 14,500msl n Denoted by shading n
Student pilot n No equipment requirements
Slide 39
Class G Uncontrolled AIM 574 n Less than 1,200agl day 1 mile
clear of clouds, night 3 miles 512BAH n More than 1,200 agl but
less than 10,000msl day 1 mile 512BAH, night 3 miles 512BAH n More
than 1,200agl and more than 10,000msl 5 miles 111BAH
Slide 40
Class G Uncontrolled n Look for the class E depictions n By
process of elimination any airspace that is not A,B,C,D, or E then
it must be G
Slide 41
Class G Uncontrolled
Slide 42
TRSA n Terminal Radar Service Areas n Usually in class E
airspace except for the area around their primary airport, which is
class D. n Provide similar radar services as Class C areas for VFR
pilots. Participation is optional by can be very helpful. n Solid
black line
Slide 43
Slide 44
TRANSPONDERS n Class A n Class B n Within 30 nm of Class B n
Class C n Above Class C n Above 10,000 MSL (excluding airspace
below 2,500 AGL)
Slide 45
Special use airspace n 1. Prohibited n 2. Restricted n 3.
Warning areas; 3nm outward from US n 4. MOA
Slide 46
P51 by SEA, Restricted YKM
Slide 47
MOA, ALERT AREAS
Slide 48
Special use airspace n 5. Alert areas; high volume of training
n 6. Controlled Firing Areas; ops suspended automatically n 7.
National security areas; like Hanford
Slide 49
Special use airspace
Slide 50
Other airspace areas n 1. Airport Advisory Area; 10nm FSS n
2.MTR; 4 numbers below 1500agl, 3 numbers above 1500agl n 3.
Temporary flight restrictions; by notam, toxic gas, volcano,
nuclear accident, hijackings ect.
Slide 51
MTRS
Slide 52
MEMORIZE REVIEW 91.155
Slide 53
Other airspace areas n 4. Flight limitations prohibitions; by
notam pres or vice n 5. Parachute jump ops; contained in AFD n 6.
Published VFR routes; through class B n 7. Terminal radar service
area n SHOW TFR MAP
Slide 54
Write out the following frequencies n College n ATIS n Ground n
West Tower n East Tower n Approach/Departure n FSS n EPH CTAF n EPH
ASOS n MWH VOR n EPH VOR
Slide 55
Write out the following frequencies n College n ATIS n Ground n
West Tower n East Tower n Approach/Departure n FSS n EPH CTAF n EPH
ASOS n MWH VOR n EPH VOR n 123.5 n 119.05 n 121.9 n 128.0 n 118.25
n 126.4 & 134.35 n 122.4 n 122.8 n 135.775 n 115.0 n 112.6
Slide 56
Slide 57
SIGNS
Slide 58
Airport marking aids and signs AIM SECTION 2 & JEP 4 B n
Grouped into four categories n 1. Runway markings: n 3 types
visual, non precison instrument and precision instrument n Runway
designator; mag number L, C, R
Slide 59
Slide 60
Slide 61
3. Holding Position signs n Runway hold lines; 4 lines, 2 solid
2 broken. n One may find hold lines preceding the runway, on the
runway eg intersections, and on a taxiway that cuts to close to
approach/departure end of a runway. n No part of the aircraft may
cross the hold short lines unless cleared
Slide 62
3. Holding Position signs pg. 4-27 n ILS hold lines; 2 solid
lines and lines 90 degrees to them n Taxiway hold lines; single
dashed line pg. 560
Slide 63
4. Other pg. 4-28 & 4-29 n Runway signs; red with light
numbers n Taxi signs; black background with yellow letter indicates
taxiway aircraft is on, yellow background with black letter
indicates direction of taxiway ahead
Slide 64
4. Other n Runway distance sign; usually has black background
white#
Slide 65
SIGN FLASH CARDS n http://www.aopa.org/asf/online_c
ourses/flashcards/fcards_files/fra me.htm
http://www.aopa.org/asf/online_c ourses/flashcards/fcards_files/fra
me.htm
Slide 66
VASI
Slide 67
Vertical Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) n 1. Visual Approach
Slope Indicator (VASI) n Provides safe obstruction clearance +-10
degrees off centerline and 4NM from the threshold n Most are 2 bar
and 3 degree slope
Slide 68
VASI
Slide 69
Vertical Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) n Some are 3 bar 3.25
degree slope for higher cockpit aircraft can be as high as 4.5
degree slope for obstacles n Red over white alright, white white
out of site, red red your dead n Remember going below glide path
indicators is illegal at tower airports unless safety
dictates.
Slide 70
PAPI
Slide 71
2. Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) n Single row of 2
or 4 lights. n All white more than 3.5 degrees, n right red 3.2
degrees n 2 right red on glide 3 degrees n 3 right red 2.8 degrees
n 4 red less than 2.5
Slide 72
3. Tri-color system n Red below, Green on, Amber above
Slide 73
PAPI AND TRI-COLOR
Slide 74
4. Pulsating system n On glide steady white n Slightly below
steady red n Pulsates faster the further you go above or below
Slide 75
Runway lights n Instrument runways the last 2000 are amber
otherwise white n Pilot controlled lighting 3 clicks low, 5 med, 7
high within 5 seconds n Threshold lights are green, runway end
lights are red taxiway lights are blue
Slide 76
WIND DIRECTION INDICATORS
Slide 77
TRAFFIC PATTERNS
Slide 78
LIGHT GUN SIGNALS
Slide 79
Beacons n White and green, civil lighted airport n White and
yellow, lighted water airport n Green yellow white, lighted
heliport n White white green, military airport n Operation of
beacon during daylight indicates IFR conditions