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Resistance to Absolutism
Resistance Theory Is there room to resist an king given that
position by God? Aristotle (384-322 BCE) Augustine (354-430 CE) Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274 CE) John Milton (1608-1674)
The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates (1649)
John Milton (1649)
The Failure of Absolutism in England
Heir to the Budding Empire
Elizabeth I (d. 1603)James I of England
(r. 1603-1625)
James I of England (r. 1603-1625)
True Law of Free Monarchies (1579)
Gunpowder Plot Guy Fawkes (5 November 1605)
Imposed taxes to deal with the debt (that he himself had incurred) but did not call parliament
The Gunpowder Plot
Charles I of England (r. 1625-1649)Married Henrietta Maria, daughter of King
Henry IV of France
refused to call Parliament
Engaged in war with Scotland Over imposition of English Book of Common Prayer
Civil War 1642-1648 Puritans
Tried for “waging war on parliament” 1649 Executed for treason January 1649
The Execution of Charles I (1649)
Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658, September)De facto control of England after Charles death
though Parliament continued to meet
Led army to fight in Ireland, which had supported Charles
Becomes Lord Protector Makes position hereditary
Cromwell’s End after Death…
The Glorious Revolution James II (1685-1688)
Catholic Placed Catholics in positions of authority in spite
of Test Acts (1673)
Parliament responds Invitation issued to William and Mary of Orange to
“invade” England James II flees to France Institution of constitutional monarchy
