Research Paper Rough Draft. Just so you know. Your topic question has served its purpose. You will...
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Research Paper Rough Draft
Research Paper Rough Draft. Just so you know. Your topic question has served its purpose. You will not write your topic question in your rough draft (or
Just so you know. Your topic question has served its purpose.
You will not write your topic question in your rough draft (or
final draft) at all. You are still expected to write commentary.
Essay: 1 CD: 2+ CM Research Paper 2 CD: 1 CM
Slide 3
The Thesis Statement The one sentence answer to your topic
question The focus of your paper E VERYTHING in your paper should
support this It goes at the end of your introduction, as always.
The thesis is the most important sentence of your paper!
Slide 4
Writing a Good Thesis Statement A good thesis statement tells
me why or how Historical pirates and movie pirates are similar and
different in many ways. While pirates in contemporary movies are
usually violent in a playful and inconsequential way, historical
pirates were brutal murderers that made the seas a terrifyingly
dangerous place. Avast! This thesis be pointless! Aye, this thesis
be strong, matey.
Slide 5
One more example Charles Dickens affected Victorian society.
Charles Dickens effected social change in Victorian society by
using his novels to draw attention to unsound educational
practices, the devastating effects of urban poverty, and the
corruption of the upper classes. This one is better because it
tells me how. (P.S. Im the best!) This one is better because it
tells me how. (P.S. Im the best!)
Slide 6
Structure of Research Paper Its the same as an essay.
Introduction: General to specific Body paragraphs support thesis
Conclusion: Specific to general.
Slide 7
Introduction Paragraph What it does Gets interest Sets tone for
topic, purpose, and thesis Includes background information and
definitions of historical or abstract terms Define pirate The
Structure:
Slide 8
Body Paragraphs Use outline to determine paragraphs I. Unsound
Educational Practices A. Cruel punishments B. Unrealistic education
methods A Topic Sentence - By depicting schools where students are
humiliated and beaten in novels like David Copperfield and Nicholas
Nickleby, Dickens drew attention to cruel boarding schools in
Yorkshire. Each paragraph develops and carefully supports a single
idea
Slide 9
Body Paragraphs You arent just listing information. YOU need to
comment on it. You are arguing your thesis. Remember that the
entire time. When John Turner was captured by Chinese pirates, he
witnessed the torture of a man from the Chinese navy, who was
nailed to the deck through his feet with large nails, then beaten
with four rattans twisted together, till he vomited blood
(Cordingly xiv). Such cruelty and brutality is absent from pirate
movies, which often romanticize even the violence of piracy. Use
transitions and clarifying sentences to connect note cards to
smooth piece of writing.
Slide 10
Using Your Sources If you are directly quoting a sentence it
should look like this (Last 12). This citation is from page 12 of a
book written by Ann Last. If you are paraphrasing or summarizing,
you dont put quotes but you do put a citation (Paraphrasing 3).
This citation means that this sentence is a paraphrase of something
taken from page three of the article Paraphrasing and You. Clearly,
the article has no author. That is the only reason why you would
use the title in the parenthetical citation. You dont need to cite
the entire article name. Choose a word or two that differentiates
it from other articles. Only about 1/5 CDs should be quotes!
Slide 11
Using Your Sources Avoiding Plagiarism reminds us that, if you
are going to paraphrase something for longer than one sentence, you
need to let your reader know. Mention the source at the beginning
of the section of paraphrasing and then cite it at the end
(Avoiding). Since Avoiding Plagiarism is a website without an
author, I simply put a part of the title in the parentheses. There
is no page number to put. Do not put a date, either. If you quote a
few words from a source but then continue your thought in the same
sentence, your citation still goes at the end (Neat). This EBSCO
article, written by Joe Neat, has no page numbers.
Slide 12
Citing Sources Always cite when you use sources! If youre
citing from a source with page numbers, you do not have to repeat
the source name in citations immediately following the initial
citation. Though Charles Dickens was a cultural icon, he was more
than that (Lies 25). Dickens spent his nights flying through the
streets of London, rescuing poor orphan boys begging for a crust of
bread (93). Though his magical ability of flight is disputed by
sources who argue that Dickens was a mere mortal, there is evidence
of his supernatural power (Jealous 11). He, after all, owned a cape
(Lies 88). D
Slide 13
Conclusion First Sentence: Restate Thesis Summarizes main ideas
of paper Closing Statement Whats the point Issues a challenge
Refers to introduction D
Slide 14
Here are some examples
Slide 15
Its all about the thesis. By bringing American and European
captured photographs of exotic and wild people and places into the
parlor, the heart of Victorian Americas domestic and civilized
world, stereoscopes reinforced what was understood as the disparity
between the civilization, technology, and industry of the American
and European cultures and the primitive, savage, and backward
nature of other cultures, fostering a worldview that justified and
allowed for imperialism and westward expansion.
Slide 16
Topic Sentences will point to parts of it. By bringing American
and European captured photographs of exotic and wild people and
places into the parlor, the heart of Victorian Americas domestic
and civilized world, stereoscopes reinforced what was understood as
the disparity between the civilization, technology, and industry of
the American and European cultures and the primitive, savage, and
backward nature of other cultures, fostering a worldview that
justified and allowed for imperialism and westward expansion.
Almost immediately following the introduction of stereoscopes to
the public at the Great Exhibition in London in 1851, stereoscopes
became an essential item in Victorian households. The stereoscope,
with its ability to make two-dimensional images appear
three-dimensional, very impressively suggested the technological
advancement of industrial American society. If the very tools of
the stereographic experience became objects of consumption,
denotations of status, and souvenirs of imperialism, the
collectable images were such to an even greater degree. Im not
telling the story or history of the stereograph. I organize
information in ways that make sense for my argument and develop my
ideas clearly, in a step-by-step way. Im not telling the story or
history of the stereograph. I organize information in ways that
make sense for my argument and develop my ideas clearly, in a
step-by-step way.
Slide 17
Title: Ooooh fancy! To Possess the World Stereoscopes and the
American Imperial Identity A common technique is creative,
allusive, stylistic title with deliberate and concrete subtitle. It
previews what is in my paper, but also attracts attention The first
part is only in quotes because it is a quotation from an outside
source, later featured in my paper.
Slide 18
Facts and then my voice too The collection of images from
distant worlds encouraged Americans acceptance of the ideology of
imperialism. On a basic level, the collectors of stereographs were
claiming the images of foreign places and people as their own,
displaying them to their visitors as they would display a family
carte-de-viste album or a tea set. An advertisement for the
Stereoscopic View Department of a 1908 Sears, Roebuck & Company
Catalogue features an illustration of a family gathered around the
parlor table using stereoscopes. On the table are two boxes,
presumably used for the storage of stereographs, labeled Europe and
Japan (Earle 93). By including such labels, the advertisement
suggests not only that stereograph collectors have the ability to
see images of distant places, but also that they have power over
the images. The family in the advertisement has Europe and Japan at
its fingertips.
Slide 19
The Introduction The nineteenth century, wrote William Ivins
Jr., the curator of prints for the Metropolitan Museum from 1916 to
1946, began by believing that what was reasonable was true, and it
would end up by believing that what it saw a photograph of was true
(Fowles 91). When the innovation of photography was combined with
the technology of the stereoscope, the effect of photographic
images on the nineteenth and early twentieth century only
increased. The stereoscope, also known as the telebinocular, uses
stereographs, or stereo views, cards with two nearly identical
photographs side by side, to give the illusion of a
three-dimensional scene to its viewer. These immensely popular
devices, which grew to symbolize worldliness and sophistication in
their owners, played a profound role in shaping the way that
nineteenth and early twentieth century Americans themselves and
their world. By bringing American and European captured photographs
of exotic and wild people and places into the parlor, the heart of
Victorian Americas domestic and civilized world, stereoscopes
reinforced what was understood as the disparity between the
civilization, technology, and industry of the American and European
cultures and the primitive, savage, and backward nature of other
cultures, fostering a worldview that justified and allowed for
imperialism and westward expansion.
Slide 20
The Conclusion Stereographs affirmed the ideology of
imperialism and westward expansion by depicting other cultures and
peoples as inferior to the industrialized, efficient, and civilized
culture of America. The stereoscope, a commodity so essential to
Americans construction of their identity as educated, civilized,
and worldly, became a tool that taught Americans to envision the
empire: to see clean, efficient factories replacing seemingly
primitive methods of manufacture in the Philippines and to see the
lively, growing country of the United States continue ushering in
an age of progress throughout the West. By convincing Americans of
the superiority of their culture and the lack of civilization in
other cultures, the stereoscope, in a very real way, taught
Americans to possess the world (Sobania 320).