Republicanism- Idea that govt. should be based on the People and

the Citizens Rule through their elected Representatives

Was the 1st plan/constitution of how our new government would work.

Includes ideas that were given in the Declaration of Independence.

Was Weak! Gave States too much rights!

The Pros◦ National Govt. could raise an army

and declare war.◦ Each state had one vote in

Congress.◦ Congress could make treaties with

foreign countries.◦ Both State and National Govt.

could Print Money◦ National Govt. set up postal

system.◦ Congress could settle and deal

with the western lands◦ No Big Central Government telling

everyone what to do.

Yeah for States

Rights!

The Cons◦ Each state functioned independently by pursuing

its own interest rather than the nation as a whole◦ No President- No executive to enforce the law◦ States could refuse to send troops for war.◦ Laws need approval by 9 out of 13 states.◦ No power to tax citizens. No Federal Taxation◦ No Court System- to interpret laws◦ Amendments (changes) had to approved by ALL

13 states.

War Debts- states Raised taxes to pay debts of the war- which led to farmers losing land to banks.

Shay’s Rebellion◦ Named after Daniel Shay◦ Farmers in Mass. Suffered from high debt and

the state govt. did not care and farmers were required to pay their debt

◦ Farmers who could not pay their debts put in prison.

◦ Farmers were mad that the federal Govt did not take action

What good is a constitution if you can’t get the states to do what you need?

Showed the Founding Fathers that we needed a better plan for our government.

This leads to the Constitutional Convention◦ Here representatives will create a new and

improved constitution.

12 states attended (RI) New Govt

◦ 1) Virginia Plan by James Madison- 3 branch Govt with 2 house Legislature with membership based on state population (large state would get more power)

◦ 2) New jersey Play James Madison- Single house plan where each state would get one vote

Robert Sherman- Offered 2 house Congress to satisfy both small and big states◦ Each state would have equal representation in the

Senate ◦ Size of Population of each state would determine

reps in the House of Representatives.

3/5th Compromise- 3/5ths of the slave population would be counted for the purpose of taxes and representation

Slave Trade and Commerce Comprise- slave trade would not be banned for 20 years no income tax

1- Limited Government- powers given to govt are expressed in Constitution

2- Popular Sovereignty- People hold the power of Govt

3) Federalism- power divided between State and Fed Govt

4) Separation of Power- Branches 5) Checks and Balances 6) judicial Review- courts to determine

actions of Govt unconstitional.