Reproduction interdite © Alcatel Espace Reproduction forbidden SDLS (Satellite Data Link System) SYSTEM PRESENTATION ICAO ACP Working Group C - Toulouse

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SDLSSDLS(Satellite Data Link System)(Satellite Data Link System)

SYSTEM PRESENTATIONSYSTEM PRESENTATION

ICAO ACP Working Group C - Toulouse October 2003ACP WGC6/WP19


PRESENTATION PLAN

PART I - INTRODUCTION & CONTEXT

PART II - SDLS SYSTEM DESIGN PRESENTATION

PART III - PROJECT STATUS AND WAY FORWARD


PART I - INTRODUCTION & CONTEXT


An Agreement of Co-operation has been signed and one task is to progress the definition of a Next Generation Satellite System

The European Space Agencyand Eurocontrol are

co-ordinating their effort

SDLS a CANDIDATE to NEXSAT INITIATIVE


SDLS AND NEXSAT CONTRIBUTIONS

Eurocontrol and ESA associate their effort to develop a New Generation Aeronautical Satellite System

NextSat

SDLS

System

DevelopmentSlice3

Slice2

Slice1

System

Deployment

System

Operation

Eurocontrol contribution

ESA contribution

States, EC, Operators


SDLS MISSIONS

SDLS Definition

SDLS is as a potential Next Generation Aeronautical Communication System

SDLS Missions

as specified in Eurocontrol Mission Requirement Document, in line

with Nexsat initiative

Complement the VHF communication system in Europe

Support datalink applications deployment in dense

Airspace

World-wide coverage / Regional deployment capabilities

Supports communications needs on remote and oceanic airspace

Interoperable / Open architecture


SDLS GENERAL CONCEPT

Safety dedicated system (ATS and AOC communication)

Operation in protected radio-spectrum band ( L-band AMS(R)S )

Network security through clearly segregated system

Controlled network with Guaranteed Performances

Low cost infrastructure and operational cost

Light and easy to install terminal

Omnidirectional antenna

Mono-Transmission Channel terminal

Based on up-to-date communication technology

Compatible to proven Bent-pipe Geostationary satellites

Distributed network implementation capability (reduced ground network infrastructure)

Capability for low cost GES implementation (in Ku band)

Optimised network architecture (Spectrum efficiency)


SDLS SERVICES

Services supported :

ATM services (Services link2000+)

AOC services (including support of ACARS)

Critical Short data services

Voice services (Point to Point, Party Line)


QUALITY OF SERVICE

DATA SERVICES

VOICE SERVICES

QoS 1 2 3 4 5 6Application Short Data

ServiceCPDLC+

ACLCPDLC

ACL,ACM, DLL,DCL, DSC

CPDLC-

DFIS

AOC/FANSACARS

ADS-CFLIPCY, FLIPINT,DYNAV,COTRAC

ADAP

Transit Delay (s) 5 10 30 30 30 5RER 10-8 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-7 10-7

Priority 1 1 2 3 2 2Direction Air>Ground Bidirectional Bidirectional Bidirectional Bidirectional Air>Ground

Safety Voice Telephony Party-LineVocoding rate (kbps) 4.8 / 2.4 4.8 / 2.4 4.8 / 2.4Communication Establishment Time (s) 2 10 PermanentCommunication configuration Point to point Point to point Point to

multipointResidual Error Rate 10-3 10-3 10-3Priority 1 2 1


SDLS HIGH LEVEL SPECIFICATIONS

Basic raw data rate 5.6kbps over dense areas (regional spot beams)

Reduced raw data rate 3.2kbps over oceanic and remote airspace (global

beams)

BER : 10-5 for data, 10-3 for voice - Link availability 99.99 %

QoS management


PART II - SDLS DESIGN PRESENTATION


SDLS DESIGN PARADIGMS

Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access System (DS-CDMA)

+Geostationary bent-pipe satellites

Advantages of this configuration :

Cancellation of Near-Far limitation of terrestrial CDMA systems Cancellation of frequency guard bands due to AES Doppler Cancellation of time guard with TDMA/CDMA configuration Resistance to interference, multipath and fading (scintillation..)

Other by-products of interest : Supports decentralised access scheme Security at radio transmission level


WAVEFORM (Results of optimisation studies)

CDMA Access mode

Similar waveform on forward and return links

Synchronous/Quasi Synchronous CDMA scheme alignment spec.1/8 of a chip Reference carriers for synchronisation and power control

Asynchronous transmissions limited to GES and AES network entries

Modulation QPSK with pulse shaping

Spreading : Gold codes with a spread factor of 127 (BW=1MHz)

Single Data/Voice Channel Coding : Turbo code with rate 1/2 Eb/No=2.6dB (256 bits blocks)


BASIC AES CHARACTERISTICS

Design target : low cost SATCOM terminal (i.e. similar to a VHF radio).

Basic Terminal

Mono-transmit channel terminal with 30W HPA operated at

saturation

Omnidirectional antenna (0dBi at 5°, G/T -25dB/K)

Include all the protocol stacks

Supports Arinc 429 or Arinc 664 Interfaces

Terminal Option

AERO-I/H existing terminals supported (better EIRP-G/T figures)

Up to 22kbps (4 times basic rate) could be provided


Current LINK BUDGET - MOBILE LINK

Uplink Downlink

EuropeanSpot

GlobalSpot

EuropeanSpot

GlobalSpot

EIRP 15,0 15,0 29,0 29,0 dBWFree Space Loss -189,1 -189,1 -188,2 -188,2 dBSystem Self-Noise1 -2,0 -0,5 -2,0 -0,5 dBG/T 2 -2,0 -10,0 -25,0 -25,0 dB/KBoltzman constant 228,6 228,6 228,6 228,6 dBW/m2/KC/No up 50,5 44,0 42,4 43,9 dB.Hz

Required C/No 38,1 35,6 38,1 35,6 dB.HzData rate 5,6 3,2 5,6 3,2 kbpsImplementation Loss 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 dBRequired Eb/No (Turbocode) 2,6 2,6 2,6 2,6 dBRaw Margin3 12,4 8,4 4,3 8,3 dB

(1) System Self-Noise : Chip alignment and Power Control error budget with 50 co-users in regional spot and 10 users in globalspot(2) Conservative figures based on existing satellites and AERO-L antennas(3) Margin for Feeder Link contribution, Fading and Scintillation (preliminary figures : Europe -0,5 dB, Tropical regions up to -5 dB)


Possible Data Rate Improvement on future platforms

Uplink Downlink

MTSATSpot

Inmarsat IVWide Spot

MTSATSpot

Inmarsat IVWide Spot

max 43dBW max 67dBWEIRP 15,0 15,0 37,0 48,0 dBWFree Space Loss -189,1 -189,1 -188,2 -188,2 dBSystem Self-Noise -2,0 -2,0 -2,0 -2,0 dBG/T -2,0 10,0 -25,0 -25,0 dB/KBoltzman constant 228,6 228,6 228,6 228,6 dBW/m2/KC/No up 50,5 62,5 50,4 59,4 dB.Hz

Required C/No 46,6 57,6 46,6 57,6 dB.HzData rate 40 500 40 500 kbpsImplementation Loss 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 dBRequired Eb/No (Turbocode) 2,6 2,6 2,6 2,6 dBRaw Margin 3,9 4,9 3,8 3,8 dB

(1) System Self-Noise : Chip alignment and Power Control error budget with 50 co-users


ACCESS - CARRIER DISTRIBUTION

ForwardCDMAcarriers

GES

A Generic Distribution T CHANNEL

T TT T T ... T

AES2

AES3

AES4

AES1

A Generic Distribution A CHANNEL

Ad ArAr Ar Ad ... Ad

AES2

AES3

AES4

AES1

Collision AES1 and AES3

C

Dedicated Return Carriers shared by several AES (Except voice multiplexed carriers)

T T T A AC

T

A

n

1

8

CDMA Codes

2

AES1

AES2

AES3

AES4

Common ASYNC CDMA shared by all AES (Spread-ALOHA). Log-on purpose (L channel)

P and C

AES

AESx


ACCESS - CARRIER DEFINITION

P

C

critica l data sub-channeld ig ita l vo ice packets

A

T

critica l data access channel (Ad) concurrent access channel (A r)

s lo t a llocation

+Voice

C ritica l D ata & S ig.

sD ata Packets

Ad

Ar

C ritica l D ata Access R eq.

S ig . & Short D ata Packets

sD ata 3

D ata n

C ritica l D ata & S ig.

S ig .

C ritica l D ata

Typical payloads / burstsP, T, C : 150 bytes (Long Block Data Unit)A :Ar : 32 bytes (Short Block Data Unit) Ad : 8 bytes (Super Short Block Data Unit)


Network Architecture Paradigm

AES GESGroundRouter

EndUser

AirRouter

EndUser

W AN

OptimisedSatellite Gateway


1

2

3

4

6

5

7

1

2

3

4

6

5

7

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

E ndU ser

E ndU ser

R outer R outerG E S A E S

4 4 4 4

Gateway vs. Transparent Example

1

2

3

4

6

5

7

1

2

3

4

6

5

7

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3

E ndU ser

E ndU ser

R outer R outerG E S A E S

SDLSGateway

Model

TransparentNetworkModel

Satellite LinkOptimised Interface

Network DependentInterface

• Protocol Overhead reduction• Minimal retransmissions• Channel efficiency optimisation• Flow control


QoS Management

GES AES

Signaling

Management

Satellite

Data 1 : Connectionless Service, QoS 2

Data 7 : Connectionless service, QoS 1

Data 3 : Connection Oriented Service, QoS 5

CPDLC highACL

ADS-CFLIPCY,FLIPINT,COTRAC,DYNAV

Voice 1 : AOC

Voice 3 : Party Line

CPDLC highACL

ADS-CFLIPCY,FLIPINT,COTRAC,DYNAV

Internal Services

Offered Services

Data 2 : Connection Oriented Service, QoS 3CPDLC mediumACL,ACM ,DLL,DCL,

DSC

CPDLC mediumACL,ACM ,DLL,DCL,

DSC

CPDLC low +DFIS Data 4 : Connection Oriented Service, QoS 4

CPDLC low +DFIS

Data 5 : Connection Oriented Service, QoS 6ADAP + ADS-B ADAP + ADS-B

Voice 2 : ATS

Short DataService

Telephony

Safety Voice

Pro

vis

ion

s

Party Line

Short DataService

Telephony

Safety Voice

Party Line

Pro

vis

ion

s

Data 8 : Connectionless Service, QoS 4ACARS ACARS


Supported Diversity Schemes

SDLS Design can be instantiated with diversity schemes at several levels :

AES :

Two patch antenna to avoid masking

2Rx / 1 Tx terminal

2Rx / 2 Tx terminals

GES :

GES site diversity in Ku band the feeder links to remove rain

attenuation effect (up to 10dB)

Satellite :

Two satellites in hot redundancy


System Expandability

SDLS is fully scalable.Minimal Configuration

Operation in a single spot with one control and traffic station NMS/GES

Multi GES

Many GES can be instantiated in the system

Transparent introduction allowed by the CDMA structure of the

system

Multi Frequency Slots

Expandability by steps of 500/1000KHz on the same transponder

Multi Spots

On the same satellite, several spots can be used simultaneously

Only one Network Master Station required for all spots

Multi Satellite

All system expansions are transparent to the Avionics


PERFORMANCE FIGURES (I)

SDLS Traffic and capacity assumptions (from Eurocontrol ref.)

Capacity assessment per aircraft

Return link QoS 1 QoS 2 QoS 3 QoS 4 QoS5 QoS 6

Total transferedbytes

14400 1428 3106 3559 5574 36551

Mean message size(bytes)

30 40 44 67 201 70

Message frequencyaverage (msg/s)

0,20 0,02 0,03 0,02 0,01 0,22

Forward link QoS 2 QoS 3 QoS 4 QoS5

Total transferedbytes

1296 2957 3824 5538

Mean message size(bytes)

36 41 65 180,

Message frequencyaverage (msg/s)

0,02 0,03 0,02 0,01


PERFORMANCE FIGURES (II)

Initial Simulation Results Hypothesis & Modelling

Queuing Analysis based on Markov models One GES configuration / One spot beam PIAC of 2000 aircrafts

Preliminary Results

ShortPriority 2 (QoS3)

Priority 3 (QoS4 & 5)

Long*

FDW RT

Short

Long*

P

P

P

P

Ar

T

Ar

T

P TPriority 1 (QoS1 & 2) 4,41 <4,5 s

3,30

6,71

7,65

12,29<27 s

<7,2 s

Transit Delay(sec)

*Long packets imply to make a reservation on A channel


PERFORMANCES (III)

Summary Table: Total number of CDMA channels (PIAC 2000 aircrafts)

Number of CDMA channels

1 GES configuration

15 GES configuration*

Forward P channels 27 30

Return A channel TBD TBD

Return T channel 13 15

Total number TBD TBD

*Uniform PIAC AES distribution among 15 GES


COST FIGURES (I)

SDLS Service Unit Costs: Results for Data

System costs (Spacesegment lease + GESprices)

Low Assumptions High Assumptions

SDLS use-rate Low Hyp.Scenario

High Hyp.Scenario

Low Hyp.Scenario

High Hyp.Scenario

0.0005 € /kbit 0.0004 € /kbit 0.0013 € /kbit 0.0010 € /kbitScenario 1 (Decentralised)Unit Costs 0.34 €/flight 0.81 €/flight

0.0005 € /kbit 0.0004 € /kbit 0.0010 € /kbit 0.0008 € /kbitScenario 2 (Centralised Ku-band access) Unit Costs 0.29 €/flight 0.63 €/flight

0.0005 € /kbit 0.0003 € /kbit 0.0010 € /kbit 0.0007 € /kbitScenario 3 (Centralised C-band access) Unit Costs 0.29 €/flight 0.61 €/flight

Cost Hypothesis : Space capacity lease from 1 to 2M€/year/MHz/39dBW


COST FIGURES (II)

SDLS Service Unit Costs: Results for voice

Distributed SDLSArchitecture

Centralised SDLSArchitecture with new GESs

Centralised SDLSArchitecture with Exi. GESs

Low Hyp. High Hyp. Low Hyp. High Hyp. Low Hyp. High Hyp.SystemCosts

7,537.5 k€ 18,150 K€ 6,512.5 k€ 14,050 K€ 6,410 k€ 13,640 K€

Unit Costsper min

0.2810 € 0.6766 € 0.2428 € 0.5238 € 0.2390 € 0.5085 €

Unit Costsper flight

0.50 € 1.21 € 0.44 € 0.94 € 0.43 € 0.91 €

AdditionalParty LineCosts per

flight

0.62 € 0.85 € 0.59 € 0.76 € 0.59 €

Cost Hypothesis : Space capacity lease from 1 to 2M€/year/MHz/39dBW


PART III - PROJECT STATUS


EXPERIMENTATION STATUS

Slide 1 : Initial Feasibility study

Slice 2 : SDLS Demonstrator Baseline system qualified in July 2002,

with :

SDLS Network elements : NMS - GES - 2 AES

SDLS Test Bed : set ATS and AOC applications

SDLS Demonstrator Extension under completion :

System Qualified on ESA Artemis Satellite (September 2003)

Second Access Station deployed in Rome (November 2003)

Slice 3 : SDLS Operational system study On-going

SDLS Experimentation Plan for next phase include :

Performance test bench development (transmission and network

simulations)

Real life test based on SDLS Demonstrator (with embarked tests)


SDLS SLICE 3 - WBS

G re y bo x in d ica te s P h a se 1 W ork P acka g e*

* W P 37,4 and 6 a pp ly to b oth P has es (1& 2 )

D e m o n s tra to re xp e rim e n ta tion

W P 11

F e a s ib ilityS tu dy

W P 1 21

M o n tre a lS ite S u rvey

W P 1 22

D e m o n s tra tionS e t-u p &

E xe cu tionW P 1 23

A d d itio n a ltria ls

W P 12

D e m o n s tra to rtria ls

W P 1

S D L S B e a rerS e rv ice s A n a lys is

W P 2

S ys temA n a lys is

W P 3 01

S ys temC o n ce p ts

C o n so lid a tionW P 3 02

S e rv ice s /S ys temC o n ce p ts

co n so lid a tionW P 30

S p a ce S e gm e nt& F re qu e n cy issu es

W P 31

F a s tA cce ss

W P 32

W a ve fo rmA n a lys is

W P 33

P ro to co la n a lys is

W P 34

In te ro pe ra b ilitys tu dy

W P 35

S p e c ifica tiond ra ft issue

W P 3 71

S p e c ifica tionfin a l issue

W P 3 72

S ys te m Fu n c tio n a lS p e c ifica tion

D e fin it ionW P 37

P re lim in a ry S ys te mD e s ig n A n a lys is

W P 3

IC A OS u pp o rt

W P 4

E co n o m ica la sp e c ts

W P 5

M a n a ge m e nt& Q A

W P 6

S D L S p re lim in a ry d e fin it ion

Experimentation

ServiceAnalysis

DetailedStudies

EconomicAnalysis

SystemConsolidation


SDLS SLICE 3 : STUDY PHILOSOPHY

Future SATCOM Solution

SDLS feasibility analysis

and technical solutions

User needs Analysis,Service

Requirements

Making top-down and bottom-up approaches converge

AccessProtocolsWaveform

Solutions&

Trade-Offs


SDLS SLICE 3 STUDY OVERVIEW

Core SystemMissionServices

Architecture

Access

(WP32)

Waveform

(WP33)

Protocols(WP34)

Interoperability

(WP35)

Perfos

Diversity

Integrated Team

QoS

Capacity

Detailed Studies

(W P30)

Indra (SP)

SchlumbergerSema (SP)

Airtel (Ir)

Skysoft (P)Vitrociset (I)

Thales ATM (F)

Alcatel Bell (B)

AlcatelSpace


Slice 3 : Operational System Study Status

Core studies have been conductedServices and QoS figures definedBaseline system architecture defined

Studies currently on-going with short term results expectedTransmission :

Alternative spreading/scrambling schemes performance evaluation Envelope variation minimisation through complex scrambling Code reuse between spot using scrambling TCM-8PSK evaluation (bandwidth reduction) Reduced spreading option analysis in 500kHz bandwidth

Network Architecture : Access performance refinement Gateway stack definition and performance refinement

System consolidation activity on-goingOutputs :

System Design Concepts Justification File System Functional Specification


OPEN ISSUES & WAY FORWARD

Consolidation of Mission Requirements with Eurocontrol

Performances VerificationSimulation models to be developed to confirm preliminary results

network/protocol efficiency, capacity, QoS compliance system availability refinement (scintillation effects…)

Safety assessmentSafety analysis to be performed

Security requirementsFunctions linked to security management could be included in the

design if required (authentication / crypto / ..)

ExperimentationLeverage existing system demonstrator to validate system key

features (access diversity, gateway prototyping, environmental tests including in-flight demonstrations)


SDLS 2004 - 2005

2004 2005

System Prototype

SDLS Demonstrator

Pre-OperationalSystem

SARPS/MOPS

D

Pre-Operation

SDLS Phase B Completion

SDLS Phase C

Flight Test

Experimentation

SDLS Slice 3

2003

CDR

PDR

NexSat Initiative

Contribution to ICAO

MRD V1

UsersSteering Group

STA

ND

AR

DIS

ATIO

N DEV

ELO

PP

EM

EN

TEX

PER

IMEN

TA

TIO

N

MRD V2

SystemSpecificatio

n

Documents

Reproduction interdite © Alcatel Espace Reproduction forbidden SDLS (Satellite Data Link System) SYSTEM PRESENTATION ICAO ACP Working Group C - Toulouse