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Decatur Public Schools District MacBook Policies
Department of Special Programs
(217) 424-‐3200
Jennifer Panganiban, Chrissie Edwards, Julie Fane
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Table of Contents: Comparing Windows and Mac Desktops and Menus 3 How to Use Your Mac’s Mouse (Trackpad) 4 Accessing and Navigating Launchpad 5 The Dock 6 The Menu Bar 6 How to Close a Window on a Mac 7 How to Resize a Window on a Mac 8 How to Minimize a Window on a Mac 9 Closing an Application 9 How to Empty Your Mac Trash 10 Ejecting Discs, Jump Drives, Etc 10 How to Restart and Shut Down Your Mac 11
Using Finder – How to Save and Organize 13
Spotlight 16
Working with Applications 17
Multi-‐Touch gestures 19
Keyboard Shortcuts 22
Additional Training Links 24
Resources 26
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Comparing Windows and Mac Desktops and Menus The basic idea of the Mac desktop is the same as the Windows desktop. Most of the Mac screen is filled with a pattern or image that’s like a tablecloth on which you see various icons that represent files, storage media, and applications. You also find an arrow cursor that you can move around using the mouse or trackpad. You can move icons around by placing the arrow cursor over them, clicking the mouse or trackpad button, and holding down the button as you move the cursor.
The big differences between the Mac and PC desktops are at the top and bottom. All OS X menus appear at the top of the screen, and each application has a different menu. The menu shown is for the application whose window is in front — that application is said to have focus or to be the current application. The first menu on the left is headed by an Apple logo and is called the Apple menu. It contains system-‐related information. The next
menu over is headed by the name of the current application. That menu is where you find entries for changing preferences and quitting the application. Continuing from the left, you typically see File and Edit menus that work much like the corresponding Windows menus. The Help menu is always on the right. At the bottom of the screen, you see a bunch of largish icons. (You can make them smaller.) This area is called the Dock and roughly corresponds to the Windows taskbar. Each icon on the Dock represents an application or folder; you click an icon once to start or open it. If you don’t know what an icon represents, move your cursor over it, and a label appears. Open applications have a little black triangle underneath their corresponding icon on the Dock. You add applications and folders to the Dock by dragging them there. Click on a folder or stack on the Dock and its contents appear in a graceful arc or as a grid, if there are too many items
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How to Use Your Mac’s Mouse (Trackpad) To control your Mac, you need to use the mouse (or trackpad on laptop Macs) and the keyboard. You can use the mouse (trackpad) to choose commands, manipulate items on the screen, or create data, such as text or pictures. The main purpose of the trackpad is to move a pointer on the screen, which tells the computer, “See what I’m pointing at right now? That’s what I want to select.” A mouse typically has one button on the left and one on the right, the trackpad does not. To select an item on the screen, you must move your finger on the trackpad to point at that item and then press and release (click).
• Clicking (also called single-‐clicking): Move your finger and click. Clicking is the most common activity with a trackpad.
• Double-‐clicking: If you point at something and click the trackpad twice in rapid succession (that is, you double-‐click it), you can often select an item and open it at the same time.
• Dragging: When you drag, you use your finger to point at an item on the screen, hold down the finger, move it along the trackpad, and then release your finger. Dragging is often used to move items on the screen or highlighting information.
Hold down the Control key and click the single trackpad button on laptop Mac computers to right click.
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Accessing and Navigating Launchpad By pinching closed with three fingers and your thumb you will quickly be taken into Launchpad.
In the main area in the center you have a grid of icons containing all the Apps installed on your Mac. Clicking on an App icon will take you out of Launchpad and into the App you clicked. If you have more Apps than can be shown on one screen, you will notice some bullets below the icons indicating there’s more than one page. You can scroll between pages by swiping left or right with two fingers on your Apple Magic Trackpad or by clicking on the bullets below the icons.
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The Dock Think of the Dock as a mixture of the task bar and Start menu on Windows. It is a launcher for your open applications (programs) as well as an easy way to access your documents, downloads and so on.
All of your open windows that you have minimized will show up in the Dock. To locate your Dock, use the trackpad to scroll down to the bottom of your screen and the dock will appear. The Menu Bar The menu bar runs along the top of your screen and contains the Apple menu (system-‐wide) whereby you can access features such as the menus for the particular app you are using. You can also restart and shutdown your Mac from the Apple menu as well.
Think of Finder as the Windows Explorer of OS X. It is responsible for managing all your files, disks, network drives and volumes and can also launch other applications.
Finder in OS X, with my home folder on show
To access the Finder quickly, simply click on its icon (the apple) on the far left of the Dock
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To open up your documents, click on Go, Documents
The toolbar in Finder (icons explained below)
Running along the top of your Finder, you’ve got a load of different icons. From left to right, here’s what they do:
• Go back to last screen • Go forward to next screen • Show items in folder as a grid of icons • Show items in folder as a list • Split folders into individual columns • Show items in a Cover Flow style (similar to iTunes • Change the icon arrangement (e.g. by name, date modified, size, etc) • Share the selected file (OS X Mountain Lion only) • Quick Look (more on this below) • Perform tasks (this is the same as the right-‐click menu, i.e. if you right-‐click on
an item How to Close a Window on a Mac When you’re done viewing or editing any information displayed in a window on your Mac, you can close the window. By closing each window as you are finished working with them, you keep your Mac screen clutter-‐free. To close a window, follow these steps: 1. Click the Close button (the little red button) of the window you
want to close. If you haven’t saved the information inside the window, your Mac displays a dialog box that asks whether you want to save it.
2. In the dialog box that appears, click one of the following choices: Don’t Save: Closes the window and discards any changes you made to the information inside the window. Cancel: Keeps the window open. Save: Closes the window but saves the information in a file. If you’re saving this information for the first time, another dialog box appears, giving you a chance to name the file to store the information and save it in a specific location on your hard drive.
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How to Resize a Window on a Mac Sometimes a window may be in the perfect location on your Mac screen, but it’s too small or too large for what you want to do at that moment. In that case, you need to resize the window. To change the size of a window, follow these steps: 1.Move the pointer over the resize corner in the bottom-‐right corner of the window.
2.Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse. The window grows or shrinks as you drag the mouse. 3.Release the left mouse button when you’re happy with the new size of the window.
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How to Minimize a Window on a Mac If you don’t want to close a window but you’re not currently working on it, you can minimize it so that it doesn’t clutter up your Mac screen. When you minimize a window, your Mac places the minimized window as a tiny icon on the right side of the Dock.
A minimized window icon on the Dock actually displays the contents of that window. To minimize a window, choose one of the following: Click the yellow Minimize button of the window you want to tuck out of the way. Click the window you want to minimize and choose Window→Minimize (or press Command+M). Double-‐click the window’s title bar. To open a minimized window, move the mouse over the minimized window on the Dock and then click the mouse button. Your minimized window pops back on the screen.
Closing an Application 1. Hover your mouse along the bottom of the screen, your dock will appear.
2. Click and hold on the program you would like to close, it will bring up a taskbar
3. Click on Quit. This will close your program. Be sure to close all programs before you restart the computer at the end of your time.
**You cannot close the finder or the trashcan
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How to Empty Your Mac Trash Even though you’ve deleted documents, if not entire folders, they reside in your Mac trash can. To free up hard drive space, you need to actually empty your Mac trash.
1. Start by moving any documents you want to delete to the Mac trash can. Use the mouse to drag the document icons above the trash can in the dock. Release the mouse button when the trash can turns black. (Alternatively, press Command+Delete or choose the File and then Move to Trash commands.)
2. You’ll know you have stuff in the trash because the icon shows crumpled paper. To completely empty your trash can, choose Empty Trash under the Finder menu or press Command+Shift+Delete. A warning will pop up, reminding you that once your trash is gone, it is gone.
3. If you’ve changed your mind, as long as you haven’t selected Empty Trash, you can click the Trash icon to recover your trashed documents. In the list that appears, simply drag the document back onto the desktop or into the folder where it used to reside.
Ejecting Discs, Jump Drives, Etc Discs: Finally, when you have a disk in the CDROM drive, a .dmg file mounted (OS Xs way of installing apps) or an external storage device and wish to eject it; you can do so by clicking the correct icon and dragging it to the Trash Can icon, which will have turned into an Eject icon.
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External Drives: Locate your files by going to the dock, then finder, go, documents Scroll on the left hand side all the way down until you see the name of your external drive. Click on the eject icon to the right of your named drive. The drive will disappear and you can now safely remove your external drive.
How to Restart or Shut Down Your Mac You can shut down your Mac if you won’t use it for an extended period of time or even perform a forced shutdown, which forces all running programs to shut down immediately. For the carts, we will use the restart feature each time the Mac is returned to the cart. To restart the Mac, Choose the Apple key→Restart. A dialog box appears, asking whether you’re sure you want to restart. Click Cancel or Restart.
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In case you have to shut down the MacBook for some reason, here are three ways to do so:
1. Choose the Apple key→Shut Down. A dialog box appears, asking whether you’re sure you want to shut down. Click Cancel or Shut Down. (If you don’t click either option, your Mac will shut down automatically after a few minutes.) 2. Press Control+Eject (or press the power button). When a dialog box appears, click the Shut Down button. 3. Press and hold the power button to force your Mac to shut down. You can also force shutdown your Mac by pressing the Control+Option+Command+Eject keystroke combination. Generally, a force shutdown is handy if your entire Mac suddenly freezes or hangs, making it unresponsive. If only a single program is freezing or acting flaky, you’re usually better off to force quit that single program instead of shutting down your entire computer. Avoid using a force shutdown if at all possible. If you do nothing when you see the dialog box that asks, “Are you sure you want to shut down your computer now?”, the machine will turn itself off in two minutes. If you want to shut down immediately, click the Shut Down button. If you’ve changed your mind, click Cancel.
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Using Finder – How to Save and Organize Saving Items saved are saved onto each individual computer. We recommend that after projects are completed they are submitted through Edmodo, DropBox, or an External Drive. Creating Folders in Finder to Organize Files 1. Hover your mouse over the center of your screen (to make the dock appear) 2. Click on Finder 3. A new window will appear. 4. Click on Documents on the left-‐hand side 5. Click on the gear picture in the top grey bar of the documents window. 6. Click on New Folder, this will create the new folder.
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7. Type the name of your folder. Your folder has been created. You can now save and use this folder for documents. Recommendations for Organization: Folder 1: Teacher’s Name Folder 2: Topic/Subject/Project Name Folder 3: Student’s Name-‐ save work here **You can create this process to create a folder inside your folder. Do this to create an individual student folder within your class folder.
Use an Efficient Layout Finder has lots of different ways to view files, almost none of which are necessarily bad, they’re just good for different things. Which layout is “best” depends entirely upon the specific browsing scenario and its worth the time to think through which is ideal for certain tasks. The tip here is to let go of your tendency to choose a layout and stick with it.
For example, let’s say you’re browsing for something that’s fairly deep into a folder hierarchy, meaning that instead of merely sitting on your desktop, it’s nestled a good 5-‐10 folders in.
In this scenario, the column view mode is going to be your best bet because it allows you to quickly jump through several directories. Like the list view, it’s easy to browse and it reduces your effort by opening folders with single clicks rather than double clicks.
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Column View is awesome for deep browsing For the purpose we just outlined, an icon view would’ve been a horrible way to go. However, when I’m browsing through and editing a folder full of images, the icon view is much better suited for my workflow. The grid layout maximizes space efficiency and I can change the icon size to be nice and large for easy previewing.
Icon view is perfect for previewing images.
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Spotlight At its core, Spotlight is a way to search for things on your Mac. Your Mac has thousands and thousands of files on it and when you need something but don’t know where to look, or have simply lost that file that you put in some random folder six months ago, Spotlight will save the day. How to find SpotLight: Click the Spotlight icon at the far top right of your screen. This brings up a simple search bar that awaits your input.
Spotlight Keyboard Shortcuts The default shortcut for Spotlight is Command+Space, Use Spotlight as a dictionary Looking up a word in Spotlight is as simple as typing it in. Near the bottom of your results window you should see the “Look Up” option, which provides you with a definition from the OS X dictionary. There are two different ways to use this search result. The first is to click on it, which brings up the actual Dictionary app with the definition of the word loaded in. A more convenient route is simply to hover over the result, which pops up a temporary window that shows the definition.
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Working with Applications Where to Find Apps
The best place to start looking for apps is the Mac App Store, as you’ll find a good range of applications there to get you started, sorted according to category and rating. App requests should be emailed to [email protected] while a process is decided upon for this pilot. Funding may or may not be available based on the building budget.
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Multi-‐Touch gestures Tap, scroll, pinch, and swipe your way through your Mac with Multi-‐Touch gestures, directly controlling what’s on your screen in a more fluid, natural, and intuitive way.
Magic Trackpad –
Two finger swipe in the direction you want to move your content. For example, a two finger swipe up will make your content move up. Two finger swipe left will make your content move to the left. Tip: Flick your fingers at the end of the swipe to generate momentum with your scroll.
Smart Zoom Magic Trackpad – Double-‐tap with two fingers. Double-‐tap again to return. For example, Double-‐tap on the column of a web page and Safari will zoom in on that column. Double-‐tap again to zoom out. Pinch to zoom – Pinch out to zoom in. For example, put your thumb and index finger together and have them touch the surface of your trackpad. Glide them apart with continuous contact on the surface of your Trackpad.
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Pinch in to zoom out. For example, put your thumb and index finger apart while touching the surface of your trackpad. Glide them toward each other with continuous contact on the surface of your Trackpad. Swipe to navigate – Web pages in Safari, documents in Preview and more, just like thumbing a page in a book. Note: If there is horizontal content to scroll, this gesture will first scrolls to the end of content and then it will move to the next page. Magic Trackpad – A horizontal two finger swipe will show the next or previous page. Tip: Once you pass the rubber-‐band threshold, lift your fingers to change page. Also you can flick your fingers at the end of the swipe for momentum.
Mission Control Three finger swipe up on your Trackpad.
While viewing Mission Control you will have these additional gestures: Spread a cluster of Application windows or enlarge a single window. Magic Trackpad – Two finger swipe up. Tip: Press the spacebar to Quick Look a highlighted window. Move to the space on your left or right, including applications in full-‐screen view mode. Magic Trackpad – Three finger swipe to the right or left. Exit Mission Control Magic Trackpad – Three finger swipe down.
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Swipe between full screen apps and spaces Three finger horizontal swipe on your Trackpad.
To move to the full screen app or space on the left: Magic Trackpad – Three finger swipe to the right. To move to the full screen app or space on the right: Magic Trackpad – Three finger swipe to the left. View Launchpad Thumb and three finger pinch in your Trackpad.
While viewing Launchpad, you can use these additional gestures: Swipe to the next Launchpad (if present) Magic Trackpad – Two finger horizontal swipe. Exit Launchpad – Thumb and three finger pinch in on your Trackpad. Show desktop Thumb and three fingers pinch out on your Trackpad to instantly show your desktop.
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Keyboard Shortcuts Keyboard shortcuts are always take some getting used to when you start using a new operating system, so I’ve listed a couple of useful ones here for reference! Key Function Command+A Selects all items in the active window (icon view), all items in
the column (column view), or all items in the list (cover flow view)
Command+C Copies selected items Command+D Duplicates the selected item(s) Command+E Ejects the selected volume Command+F Displays the Find dialog Command+H Hides All Finder windows Command+I Shows info for selected item or items Command+J Shows the view options for the active window Command+K Displays the Connect to Server dialog Command+L Creates an alias for the selected item Command+M Minimizes the active window Command+N Opens a new Finder window Command+O Opens (or launches) the selected item Command+R Shows the original for selected alias Command+T Adds the selected item to the Sidebar Command+V Pastes items from the Clipboard Command+W Closes the active window Command+X Cuts the selected items Command+Z Undoes the last action (if possible) Command+, Displays Finder Preferences Command+1 Shows the active window in icon mode Command+2 Shows the active window in list mode Command+3 Shows the active window in column mode Command+4 Shows the active window in cover flow mode Command+[ Moves back to the previous Finder location Command+] Moves forward to the next Finder location Command+Del Moves selected items to the Trash Command+Up Arrow Show enclosing folder Command+` Cycles through windows Command+? Displays the Mac OS X Help Viewer Command+Shift+A Takes you to your Applications folder Command+Shift+C Takes you to the top-‐level Computer location Command+Shift+G Takes you to a folder that you specify Command+Shift+H Takes you to your Home folder Command+Shift+I Connects you to your iDisk Command+Shift+Q Logs you out
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Command+Shift+N Creates a new untitled folder in the active window Command+Shift+U Takes you to your Utilities folder Command+Shift+Del Deletes the contents of the Trash Command+Option+H Hides all windows except the Finder's window(s) Command+Option+N Creates a new Smart Folder Command+Option+T Hides the Finder window toolbar and sidebar Command+Option+Space Opens the Spotlight window Command+Space Opens the Spotlight menu Control+Up Arrow (or F3, depending on your keyboard model)
Displays the Mission Control screen
Control+Down Arrow (or Control+F3, depending on your keyboard model)
Shows all open windows for the current application using Mission Control
F11 (or Command+F3, depending on your keyboard model)
Hides all windows to display the Desktop using Mission Control
F12 (or F4, depending on your keyboard model)
Displays your Dashboard widgets
Space Quick Look Strange-‐Looking Keys on the Mac
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Additional Training Links
http://www.gcflearnfree.org/macosxmountainlion
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Getting to know OS X The Mac OS X interface (How to use OS X) The Mac OS X apps and more (How to use the basic apps) Keyboard Shortcuts Full List of Mac OS X Keyboard Shortcuts Keyboard shortcuts of OS X and other apps Other nifty Mac OS X hints How to use the built-‐in Dictionary System-‐wide spell checker -‐ in any app just control-‐click and go to spelling and mark check spelling as you type (Note: Only available in native OS X applications, sometimes referred to as Cocoa applications) How to create a zip file -‐ highlight the items you want to include, control-‐click, and choose "Create Archive" (or "Compress", if running on Leopard) from the menu Mac OS X guides How to take screenshots in Mac OS X Apple software guides iTunes iPhoto iMovie iDVD iWeb iChat iCal Mail Safari Address Book Automator Garageband Utilities
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Resources http://mac.tutsplus.com/tutorials/os-‐x/meet-‐the-‐mac-‐os-‐x-‐for-‐first-‐timers/ http://www.gcflearnfree.org/macosxlion http://support.apple.com/kb/ht4721 http://www.dummies.com/how-‐to/content/mac-‐os-‐x-‐lion-‐for-‐dummies-‐cheat-‐sheet.html http://www.dummies.com/how-‐to/content/mac-‐os-‐x-‐lion-‐allinone-‐for-‐dummies-‐cheat-‐sheet.html http://guides.macrumors.com/Mac_Beginner's_Guide http://www.dummies.com/how-‐to/computers-‐software/macs-‐os-‐x/Mac
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