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RenAAPro – The cost effective solution to optimizing Lys and Met supply

Shane Fredin, PhD

[email protected]

Presentation Outline

1. Overview of Smartamine M

2. “Methionine: More than milk” story

3. Amino acid (AA) balancing economics

4. Ration examples with RenAAPro

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CH3 – S – (CH2)2 – CH – C

|

NH2

//

\

O

OH

Encapsulated Methionine (DL-Met)

Methionine and Methionine Analogs

Smartamine M contains a core of DL-Met plus ethylcellulose

covered with a coat of stearic acid containing small amounts

of poly-2-vinylpyridine-co-styrene

Bioavailability of Smartamine M

Original plasma free AA dose-response study

Actual bioavailability:

Smartamine M – 82.8%

Chirgwin et al. 2015

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• 2 replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design (10 cows)

• 30 g/d dose of Methionine from four products

1) Smartamine M from original plant (UDS)

2) Smartamine M from new plant (SmartUP)

3) Mepron

4) AminoShure M

• Products fed 3 times daily (0500, 1300, and 2100 h) in equal portions

• Diets formulated to be methionine deficient (~12 g of Metabolizable Met)

• 7 day periods

• Measurements collected last 3 days of each period

1) DMI, milk yield and composition

2) Blood sampling from tail vein (0700, 0900, 1100, 1300 h)

Whitehouse et al., 2016


Relative bioavailability:

SmartUP – 100%

Mepron – 28%

Aminoshure M – 22%

Actual bioavailability:

UDS – 80%

SmartUP – 80%

Mepron – 22.4%

Aminoshure M – 17.6%

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Methionine levels, g/d

Item 0 g 30 g SEM P-value

DMI, lb/d

UDS 60.8 60.8 0.95 0.75

SmartUP 60.8 60.4 1.24 0.79

Mepron 60.8 59.9 0.95 0.42

AminoShure M 60.8 60.6 1.24 0.77

Milk yield, lb/d

UDS 102.2 102.9 1.77 0.62

SmartUP 102.2 103.1 1.70 0.55

Mepron 102.2 99.5 1.92 0.27

AminoShure M 102.2 101.3 2.46 0.73



Methionine levels, g/d

Item 0 g 30 g SEM P-value

Protein %

UDS 2.87 3.00 0.04 <0.01

SmartUP 2.87 2.98 0.03 <0.01

Mepron 2.87 2.93 0.03 0.01

AminoShure M 2.87 2.89 0.03 0.50

Protein yield, lb/d

UDS 2.92 3.07 0.03 0.04

SmartUP 2.92 3.07 0.03 0.03

Mepron 2.92 2.90 0.03 0.77

AminoShure M 2.92 2.92 0.04 0.95


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2012 and 2014 Dairy Industry Survey

A dairy industry survey was conducted through Dairy Herd Management in in 2012

and 2014

The purpose of the survey is to gain insight into the amino acid balancing opinions

in the dairy industry.

796 nutritionists, producers and DVM’s 678 nutritionists, DVMs, and producers

2014 Participants

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Nutritionists and producers were asked the same question:

Rank the benefits of amino acid balancing

Nutritionists highest rankings

were for more milk protein,

milk volume, and MP efficiency

2012

2014

Nutritionists and producers were asked the same question:

Rank the benefits of Amino Acid balancing

Producers highest rankings were

for improved reproduction, fewer

transition cow problems and

increased milk volume

2012

2014

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“Required Amino Acids”:

Milk production

Milk composition

Reduce CP in the diet

“FUNCTIONAL” Amino Acids

Transition:

- Health

Reproduction:

-Embryo survival

Genetics:

- Gene expression

19

70

’s to

20

10

’s2

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an

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rdw

ard

Methionine: More than Milk

Control (Con)

Con + MS

Con + SM

Calving

Control (Con)

Con + SM

Con + MS

Osorio et al. (2013, 2014a,b, 2015)

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Diets fed during the close-up and early lactation period

Close-up Lactation

Corn silage 35.9 33.0

Alfalfa silage 8.2 5.0

Alfalfa hay 3.5 4.0

Wheat straw 15.4 4.0

Cottonseed --- 3.5

Wet brewers grains 6.0 10.0

Ground shelled corn 13.0 22.2

Soy hulls 4.0 4.0

SBM, 48% CP 3.1 3.3

Expeller SBM 2.0 6.2

SoyChlor 3.8 ---

Blood meal 1.0 0.3

Urea 0.3 0.14

Rumen-inert fat --- 1.0

NRC (2001) evaluation of diets(based on actual DMI)

Close-up Lactation

CON MS SM CON MS SM

CP, % 15.1 15.1 15.1 17.4 17.4 17.4

RDP, % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.9 10.7 10.6

RUP, % 5.1 5.1 5.1 6.5 6.7 6.8

MP supplied, g 1,191 1,248 1,208 1,535 1,745 1,790

Lys, % MP 6.66 6.60 6.62 6.17 6.09 6.06

Met, % MP 1.86 2.35 2.38 1.81 2.15 2.15

MP-Lys, g 79 82 80 96 110 113

MP-Met, g 22 29 29 28 39 40

Lys/Met 3.59/1 2.82/1 2.76/1 3.43/1 2.82/1 2.82/1

CON = Control diet; MS = MetaSmart (0.19% of DMI); SM = Smartamine M (0.07% of DMI)

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DMI – Pre and Post calving

Day relative to calving Day relative to calving

Diet P = 0.67

Time P <.001

DxT P = 0.42

Diet P = 0.18

Time P <.001

DxT P = 0.78

Met P = 0.06

Control

MetaSmart

Smartamine

Met = Control vs MetaSmart + Smartamine

ECM: Energy Corrected Milk

Met: Contrast statement of Control vs. MetaSmart + Smartamine M

Results: DMI, milk production and composition

Osorio et al. 2013 J Dairy Sci. 96:6248

Osorio et al. (2013)

Treatment P-value

Item CON MS SM Met

DMI, lb/d 29.4 33.6 34.5 0.06

Milk, lb/d 78.6 83.9 88.1 0.08

Milk protein, % 3.04 3.26 3.19 0.05

Milk fat, % 4.27 4.68 4.09 0.36

ECM, lb/d 90.3 98.6 99.1 0.03

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Frequency of occurrence of health problems

Diet

CON MS SM

Assigned cows 24 15 17

Cows removed 10 3 4

Twins 2 0 1

Ketosis 6 1 2

Displaced

abomasum

3 2 2

Retained placenta 0 1 1

Cows completing

study

14 12 13

Osorio et al. (2013)

-45 -21 0 30

Far-off Close Up Lactation

Con: Lys:Met = 3.4:1

Met: Lys:Met = 2.8:1

Cho: ReaShure @ 60 g/d

Mix: Met (2.8:1)+ Cho (60 g/d

Data collection:

Feed intake

Milk production

Milk composition

BW and BCS

Sample collection:

Biopsy samples: (Gene expression) Liver, Adipose and Muscle

Milk samples: Protein, Fat, Lactose, Choline, Methionine?

Blood samples: (Immunology), Acute phase proteins, Ketones

Vaginal swab samples and uterine biopsies (Reproduction)

Zhou et al., 2016

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Diet

Ingredient (% of DM) Far-off Close-up Fresh

Alfalfa silage 12.00 8.34 5.07

Alfalfa hay - 4.29 2.98

Corn silage 33.00 36.40 33.41

Wheat straw 36.00 15.63 2.98

Cottonseed - - 3.58

Wet Brewers grains - 4.29 9.09

Ground shelled corn 4.00 12.86 23.87

Soy hulls 2.00 4.29 4.18

Soybean meal, 48% CP 7.92 2.57 2.39

Expeller Soybean meal - 2.57 5.97

Soychlor 0.15 3.86 -

Blood meal 1.00 - -

ProVAAl AADvantage - 0.86 1.50

Urea - 0.30 0.18

Minerals and Vitamins 3.48 3.75 3.77

Ingredient composition for the Far-off (-50 to -22), Close-up

(-21 d to calving) and Fresh (calving to 30 d) diets.

Zhou et al. (2016)

NRC (2001) evaluation of consumed diets

Close-up Fresh

CON MET CHO MIX CON MET CHO MIX

CP, % 15.3 15.4 15.2 15.2 17.4 17.5 17.3 17.3

RDP, %DM 9.6 9.6 9.5 9.5 10.0 10.0 9.9 9.9

RUP, %DM 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.7 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4

MP supplied, g 1,225 1,230 1,210 1,214 2,304 2,312 2,289 2,297

Lys, %MP 6.63 6.60 6.65 6.62 6.21 6.20 6.22 6.20

Met, %MP 1.87 2.39 1.87 2.35 1.81 2.18 1.81 2.18

MP-Lys, g 81 81 80 80 143 142 142 142

MP-Met, g 23 29 23 28 42 50 41 50

Lys/Met 3.52/1 2.79/1 3.48/1 2.86/1 3.40/1 2.86/1 3.46/1 2.84/1

CON = control; MET = Smartamine M (0.08% of DMI); CHO = ReaShure (60 g/cow/d), MIX = both supplements

Zhou et al., 2016

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Pre- and postpartum BW, BCS, and DMI

Zhou et al. (2016)

Methionine Choline P-value

Without With Without With MET CHO

Prepartum

BW, lb 1,705 1,709 1,718 1,697 0.92 0.54

BCS 3.49 3.55 3.54 3.50 0.42 0.54

DMI, lb/d 28.5b 31.6a 29.4 30.7 0.02 0.22

Postpartum

BW, lb 1,480 1,506 1,502 1,484 0.38 0.55

BCS 3.10 3.20 3.16 3.14 0.27 0.74

DMI, lb/d 38.0b 42.0a 40.3 40.3 0.04 0.88

Pre- and postpartum BW, BCS, and DMI

Zhou et al. (2016)

Methionine Choline P-value

Without With Without With MET CHO

Milk, lb/d 88.5b 97.3a 94.0 91.8 0.03 0.56

ECM, lb/d 90.0b 98.9a 95.3 93.6 < 0.01 0.57

Protein, % 3.13b 3.32a 3.19 3.26 < 0.01 0.32

Protein, lb/d 2.74b 3.16a 2.99 2.94 < 0.01 0.70

Fat % 3.75 3.74 3.74 3.77 0.92 0.84

Fat, lb/d 3.16b 3.49a 3.36 3.32 0.02 0.76

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Frequency of occurrence of health problems of cows

completing the experiment

8/20 4/20

Control Methionine Choline

Methionine

plus choline

Cows 20 21 20 20

Ketosis1 8 3 5 4

Displaced

abomasum2 0 4 1

Retained placenta2 3 2 5 1

Endometritis 0 0 0 1

Mastitis 0 1 0 01 Defined as cows have moderate (~40 mg/dL) or large ketone concentration (< 80 mg/dL) in

urine, as detected using a reagent strip and treated by veterinarians with oral propylene glycol

or intravenous dextrose

2 Defined as fetal membranes retained >24 h

Zhou et al. (2016)

Conclusions from the University of Illinois research

- Increased Dry Matter Intake* by 2 lb pre-fresh and 4 lb post-fresh

-Increased Milk Production by 6-8 lbs

Increased milk protein by 0.2%

Increased milk fat 0.1%

- Improved the immune metabolic status

- Decreased inflammation

- Had better liver function

- Altered hepatic gene expression of antioxidant capacity, inflammation,

oxidative stress and DNA methylation

5 g of additional metabolizable Met during the close-up period

10 g of additional metabolizable Met during early lactation

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2016 Milk and Cheese prices

Source: Brian Gould, Agricultural and Applied Economics, UW-Madison

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Optimum supply of each EAA

AA g AA/ Mcal ME Lys:AA Dairy

Arg 2.04 1.49

His 0.91 3.33

Ile 2.16 1.40

Leu 3.42 0.89

Lys 3.03 1.00

Met 1.14 2.66

Phe 2.15 1.40

Thr 2.14 1.41

Trp 0.59 5.16

Val 2.48 1.22Based on CNCPS 6.5

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Optimal Lys and Met concentrations in MP for maximal

milk protein yield in CNCPS v6.5

Model Lys Met

Optimal Lys/Met

ratio

% of MP1 7.00 2.60 2.69

g/Mcal of ME2 3.03 1.14 2.66

1Foskolos et al. (2014), 2Higgs (2015)

Ration containing blood meal

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Ration containing RenAAPro

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Modified MP diet with RenAAPro

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Conclusions

Increased ROI with AA balancing based on current milk price

Met supplementation & AA balancing improves metabolic

health and function

RenAAPro provides much improved supply of limiting AA and

allows for reduced supply of MP

Combined, these ration balancing strategies will increase

nitrogen efficiency and reduce dietary costs

Documents

RenAAPro The cost effective solution to optimizing Lys … Start Training/Adisseo_ProStart... · RenAAPro –The cost effective solution to optimizing Lys and Met supply ... Rank