Reconstruction Chapter 16 Rebuilding the South Section 1

Reconstruction

Chapter 16

Rebuilding the South

Section 1

Rebuilding the South

Main Idea 1:President Lincoln and Congress differed

in their views as Reconstruction began.

Reconstruction Begins

Main Idea 1:President Lincoln and Congress differed

in their views as Reconstruction began.


The original goal of Reconstruction was to reunite the nation and rebuild southern states without slavery


The South had to be rebuiltTowns and farms ruinedPlantations, roads, bridges,

RRs destroyedThousands faced starvation

Reconstruction Begins People disagreed on how the Southern

economy and society needed to be rebuilt

Reconstruction: the process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union; lasted from 1865 to 1877

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln proposes

the Ten Percent PlanWhen 10% of a states

voters would pledge an oath of loyalty to the Union, the state could form a new state govt.

Didn’t want to just punish the South

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln offered

amnesty – a pardon – to all white Southerners, except Confederate leaders

Wanted to get the southern states back quickly

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln …

Supported giving the right to vote to African Americans who were educated or had served in the Union army

Would not force the Southern states to give those rights to African Americans


Republicans in Congress proposed a more radical, tougher plan for the SouthThey became known as Radical

RepublicansThaddeus Stevens a leader: Southern states must be punished

Reconstruction Begins Wade-Davis Bill

50% of white males in a state had to swear loyalty

Former Confederate soldiers were denied to public office

State Constitutions had to abolish slavery

Reconstruction Begins Lincoln refused

to sign the billHe wanted a

quicker solution, but realized he would have to compromise

Freedom for African Americans

Main Idea 2:The end of the Civil

War meant freedom for African Americans in the South.


One thing Republicans agreed on was abolishing slavery.Lincoln urged Congress to propose the

Thirteenth Amendment, which made slavery illegal in the United States • The amendment was ratified on December

16, 1865.


Newly freed slaves faced many changes. Families searched

for members who had been sold away.

Many moved from mostly white counties to places with more African Americans.

Peace. Im outta here.


Freed people demanded same economic and political rights as white citizens. Many former slaves wanted their own land to farm. Many white planters refused to surrender their land

and the U.S. government returned land to its original owners.


Freedmen’s BureauAn agency designed to help former

enslaved personsDistributed food and clothingProvided medical serviceEstablished schoolsHelped African Americans acquire landAlso helped some white southerners

President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan

Main Idea 3:President

Johnson’s plan began the process of Reconstruction.


5 days after the war was over, Lincoln is assassinated in Washington D.C.

Lincoln and his wife were attending the play Our American Cousin

I love legitimate theatre.


Lincoln watched from a balcony box John Wilkes Booth, an actor in the play and a

southern sympathizer sneaks behind Lincoln and shoots him in the back of the head


Booth jumps down and shouts “Booth jumps down and shouts “Sic Sic Semper TyranusSemper Tyranus ” and escapes to ” and escapes to VirginiaVirginiaDeath Death

to to

tyrantstyrants


Lincoln is taken to the Peterson House across the street

He dies the next day Lincoln’s death is a shock to the nation

Northerners and African Americans mourn


Booth was part of a small group of 8 that plotted to also kill…

Secretary of State William SewardVice President Andrew Johnson (below)

They hoped the successful assassinations would cause chaos and give the South another shot at fighting again

John Wilkes Booth

Muhaha


Andrew Johnson became PresidentA Southern senator who

supported the Union during the Civil War


• Johnson’s Reconstruction plan was similar to Lincoln’s, but included the need for wealthy southerners and former Confederate officials to receive presidential pardons in order to receive amnesty.


Under Johnson’s Plan Southern states were also required to revise their constitutions

and declare that secession was illegal.

had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment and refuse to pay Confederate debts.


All southern states except Texas had created new governments by 1865.

Johnson declared the Union to be restored, but Congress refused to readmit southern states into the Union because too many newly elected representatives had been leaders of the Confederacy.

Documents

Reconstruction Chapter 16 Rebuilding the South Section 1