Real world PN by METAS-conform

PEPA portable instrument

Luis Cachón

VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf 20.03.2015

220Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Introduction

320Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

• Founded in 1957

• Worldwide leading manufacturer of portable and

stationary measurement instruments

Testo in brief

420Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Last 5 years of solid particle counting

2012 WHO identified soot diesel as most dangerous pollutant

2013 Switzerland periodic control on field for construction machinery, EU

requests feasibility study of PEMS-PN for RDE

2014 Matter delivers golden instrument for PEMS-PN within RDE Euro 6c

EU proposal for PN for NRMM; Testo invited to GEME SWG-3 «in-

service conformity»

2015 VAMV Certification for PEPA

2017 RDE Real Driving Emissions within EURO 6c

Motivation

520Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

2013 New Swiss legislation on PN for

construction machinery

620Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

PEPA – Portable Emission Particle Analyzer

720Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Measuring and technical requirements

Measuring instrument ordinance SR 941.210 appendix 1

Ordinance on exhaust emission measurement instruments

SR 941.242 appendix 4

Real time detector for PN determination

Removal of volatiles

Ability to be portable: No safety issue, low mass and power

consumption

The candidate PEMS-PN instruments should come along with

their calibration data.

820Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Post-Dilution ThermoConditioning

raw exhaust gassampling at

tailpipe outlet

Nucleation Evaporation

N E

ho

t d

ilutio

n

heating

AB

CDF

cooling down

dilu

tio

n

920Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

ViPR Thermo-Dilution

1020Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Particle counting: Diffusion Size Classifier

1120Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Particle counting: 2 Generation DiSC

1220Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Particle number concentration [#/cm3]

Modal particle diameter [nm]

Calculated particle mass [mg/m3]

Lung-deposited surface area [μm2/cm3]

PMP compliant Volatile Particle Removal

Features

1320Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Specifications

Raw gas particle concentration

Particle size

Power consumption

Battery life

1E4 … 1E7 pt/ccm

10 … 300 nm

40 W under normal conditions

4 hours under normal conditions

1420Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Specifications

Average particle number concentration at the official measurement

< 5x104 cm-3 > 5x106 cm-3Measuring Range: xxx cm-3

5x104 cm-3 5x106 cm-3

Mobility diameter Limits of efficiency

23 nm nanoparticles

41 nm nanoparticles

80 nm nanoparticles

200 nm nanoparticles

30 nm droplets of tetracontane

(number concentration up to 105 cm-3

E < 50 %

50 % < E

70 % < E < 130 %

E < 200 %

E < 5 %

Referent value:

2,5x105 cm-3

1520Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Efficiency 2nd Generation DiSC-Sensor

0

50

100

150

200

8 16 32 64 128 256 512

Effi

cie

ncy

E /

%

particle diameter / nm

E upper limit

E lower limit

DiSC-Sensor_1@Metas

DiSC-Sensor_2@Metas

DiSC-Sensor_3@Metas

1620Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Filt

er

Pressurized

air

Classifier

long

DMA

Soot or PAO

generator

excess

Concentration1.47E+3 P/CC

ESC

ESC

CondensationParticle Counter

PN-PEMS CPC 3772

CPC 3025A

excess

ejector

pumpFilter

Diluter

Validation setup

Volatile Particle Remover CPC

CAST Soot generator

PEPA

Diluter

PMP Measurement System

1720Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

y = 1.07xR² = 0.99

1.0E+04

1.0E+05

1.0E+06

1.0E+07

1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07

PE

PA

pa

rtic

le n

um

be

r [#

/ccm

]

PMP particle number [#/ccm]

NM3 vs. PMP, DF10

Linear (NM3 vs. PMP, DF10)

Correlation PEPA vs. PMP (GMD 85nm)

PEPA (DF ≈10) vs PMP (DF ≈1000)

Linear PEPA (DF ≈10) vs PMP (DF ≈1000)

5E4

5E6

PEPA Prototype validation @ 85nm

1820Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

Testo AG develops PEPA: a Portable Emission Particle Analyzer

for field measurements

It is for outdoor application and provides on-line response

Particle counting principle based on Diffusion Size Classifier

compliant with LRV efficiency requirements

Thermo-Dilution to remove nanodroplets from exhaust sample

PEPA is candidate for in-use-compliance testing according to

Swiss new legislation for construction machinery

Summary

1920Testo AG, VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf

BAFU (Umwelttechnologieförderung) for the support to develop

portable nanoparticle measurement instrumentation

Simone Krähenbühl (BAFU) and Pierre Comte (AFHB)

(Measurement campaign at AVESCO)

Ralf Stich (Testo AG) for the PEPA project management

Acknowledgements

Thank you for your attention!

Luis Cachón

VERT-Forum 2015, Dübendorf 20.03.2015