Reading and Writing Skills READING AND WRITING SKILLS · PDF fileReading and Writing Skills Edited on 5th Rabee3u-th-thaanee 1431 21 st March 2010 READING AND WRITING SKILLS

Reading and Writing Skills

Edited on 5th Rabee3u-th-thaanee 1431

21st March 2010

READINGREADINGREADINGREADING

ANDANDANDAND

WRITINGWRITINGWRITINGWRITING

SKILLSSKILLSSKILLSSKILLS

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INDEX

Introduction 2 PART ONE PART ONE PART ONE PART ONE Revision of the step by step book 3

My beautiful letters 4 Table of Arabic letters 5 Writing exercices 7 The Marks 9 Fat-hah 9 Letter Hamzah 10 Fat-hah and Alif Maddiyyah 12

The shortened Alif 15 kasrah 16 Kasrah and yaa' Maddiyah 17 Dammah 20 Dammah and waaw Maddiyah 22 Sukoon 24 How to pause on Arabic words 25 Shaddah 26

PART TWOPART TWOPART TWOPART TWO Rules of reading more than a word 29

Introduction to the Arabic word 30 Tanween 31 Tied Taa' 35 Connecting Hamzah 37 Disconnecting Hamzah 38 Laam in (Al of definition) 39


INTRODUCTION

All praise is for Allah. We praise Him, seek His help and forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of ourselves, and the evils of our actions. I bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah alone

and I bear witness that Muhammad صلى اهللا عليه وسلم is His servant and

Messenger.

- In the book you have in hand, we will complete the needed lessons to

be able to read and write any Arabic text إن ��ء ا� - We will start with a revision of the Step by Step book: Arabic letters, how to connect or separate them, the Arabic marks and the comparison between short and long vowels. - Few new important lessons are added to make you able to read words together are added. - It is important to know that this is a book of reading and writing practice book, not a book to learn the language, so you might find few words that do not have meaning in Arabic but we are only using them for practice. - We will keep transliteration for most of the words, as probably it will be a self-studying book, but always try to read the words without the transliteration first then check if it is correct. - A question that might come to your mind when doing these lessons

is:

Why does the same word appears with different marks on the

last letter?

راطراطا صراط صص The ending of an Arabic word changes after its position (role of the word in the sentence e.g. subject, object etc ). However, the word still means the same. The reason of these changes will be explained later in the Qur'aanic Arabic lessons إن ��ء ا�

Hope you find these notes useful. May Allaah keep you straight on his path, and teach you what will be beneficial for you, give you success in this life and in the hereafter.


PART 1

REVISION OF THE "STEP BY STEP" BOOK


ح ر وف ي ال ج م يل ة My beautiful letters

ر

ث ت ب

خ

ذ

ح ج

د ز

س ض ش ص

ي و م

ط غ ظ ع

ك

ن

ق ف ل

هـ

أ

Lett

er

N

am

e

Fig

ure

Voca

liza-

tion

Tra

nsl

iter-

tion

Exam

ple

N

ew

H

eavy

Lig

ht

At

the

end

In

the

mid

dle

At

the

begin

nin

g

Connect

ed

from

rig

ht

only

1

Hamzah

ء

firs

t so

und in

( a, o, e, i )

a,o

,e,i

'A

pple

*

2

Baa‘

بb

b

B

ack

*

ب

ـببـ

ـ

بـ

3

Taa‘

تt

t

Tab

*

ت ـت

تــ

تـ

4

Thaa‘

ثth

th

Th

ank

*

ث ـث

ثــ

ثـ

5

Jeem

ج

j

j

Jar

*

ج

ـججـ

ـ

جـ

6

Haa‘

ح-

h

-

*

*

ح

ـححـ

ـ

حـ

7

Khaa‘

خ-

kh

-

*

*

خ ـخ

خــ

خـ

8

Daal

د

d

d

Data

*

د

ـد ـ ـد

ـ د*

9

Dhaal

ذ

th

dh

Th

at

*

ذ

ـذ ـ ـذ

ـ ذ*

10

Raa‘

رr

r

R

ight

*

ر ـر

ــر ـر

*

11

Zaay

ز

z

z

Zoo

*

ز

ـز ــز

ـز*

12

Seen

س

s s

Sand

*

س

سـ

سـ

ـ

سـ

13

Sheen

ش

sh

sh

Sh

ado

w

*

شش

ـ

شــ

شـ

14

aad

S

صs

s

S

auce

*

ص

صـ

صـ

ـ

صـ

15

aad

D

ض-

d

-

*

*

ضض

ـ

ضــ

ضـ

16

Taa‘

ط

t

t

-

*

ططـ

ـ

طـ

ط

17

Dhaa‘

ظ

th dh

-

*

ظ

ظــ

ظـ

ظ

18

3ayn

ع

- 3

-

*

*

ععـ

ـ

عـع

19

Ghyne

غ

-

gh

-

*

*

غغـ

ـ

غـ

غ

20

Faa‘

ف

f

f

Fat

*

ف

فــ

فـ

ف

21

Qaaf

ق

-

q

-

*

*

ققـ

ـ

قـ

ق

22

Kaaf

ك

k

k

Kid

*

ك

كــ

كـ

ك

23

Laam

ل

l

l Lam

p

*

للـ

ـ

لـ

ل

24

Meem

م

m

m

M

ap

*

ممـ

ـ

مـ

م

25

Noon

ن

n

n

Nam

e

*

ننـ

ـ

نـ

ن

26

Haa‘

هـ

h

h

Hat

*

ههـ

ـ

ــه

هـ

27

Waaw

و

w

w

W

ing

*

وـو

وـ

وـ

*

W

aaw

M

addiy

ah

و

oo

oo

Moon

*

وـو

وـ

__

*

28

Yaa‘

ي

Y

Y

You

*

ييـ

ـ

يـ

ي

Yaa‘

M

addiy

ah

ي

ee

ee

Deep

ي

يــ

يـ

__

29

Alif

M

addiy

ah

اLong a

aa

sad

*

ا ـا

ـ ا ـ ا

*


WRITING EXERCISESWRITING EXERCISESWRITING EXERCISESWRITING EXERCISES ١تدريب

Connect the letters of the word

ك ت ب ق ل ب ص ب غ ق ب ض ب ل غ................ ................ ................. ............. .................

ت ب ت م س ح ع ت ب ف ت ح ت ي ن................ ................ ................. ................. .................

ج ب ل ل ي ث ن ف س ل م م ل ث م

................ ................ ................. ................. .................

٢تدريب

Separate the letters of each word

كتب سمع شمس عبس

نفع حلم شبه عقل

نقص حلل قتل شين


Remember that the non connectors (the letters connected from

right side only) are: ر ز ذو ا د

٣تدريب

Connect the letters of the word

ك و ب ق ل ب ص ا ب ق ب ر ب د ر................ ................ ................. ............. ...............

ت و ت م ت ر ع ا ب ف ت ح ت ي ن

................ ................ ................. ................. ...............

ح د ث ل ي ث م د ر ج ث م ث و م................ ................ ................. ................. .................

٤تدريب

Separate the letters of each word

كوب ستر شرب عبد

حوت نار ثوب نذر

نقد سأل نزل رفع


ال ح ر ك ات *1

THE MARKSTHE MARKSTHE MARKSTHE MARKS

ammah, Kasrah, Sukoon and Shaddah)Dah, h-(Fat

1111---- FATFATFATFAT----HAHHAHHAHHAH is a small diagonal line placed above a letter, and represents a short (a).

This (a) is pronounced as (a) in (tablet). The word Fat-hah means opening,

and refers to the opening of the mouth when producing an (a)

The mark of Fat-hah ةفتح is up, and my mouth goes up

فتحةالحروف مع الahh-FatThe letters with the

2 * ءث ت ب ج خ ح 'a ba ta tha ja ha kha

ذ د ر ز ش س ص da dha ra za sa sha sa

ظ ط ض ق ف غ ع da ta dha 3a gha fa qa

ل ك م ن ه و ي ka la ma na ha wa ya

*1-The letter ( ا ) you see at the beginning of that word is not a long vowel

(long vowels cannot start a word) but it is a type of Hamzah called Hamzah

of connection that will be explained later in that book.

*2- We have only chosen the form of the Hamzah without a seat as an

example, anyway the Hamzah sound will not change with all her seats. Look

at the next page for a quick revision of Hamzah.

ba

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LETTER HAMZAHLETTER HAMZAHLETTER HAMZAHLETTER HAMZAH

The Hamzah is represented by a sign. This sign is sometimes written over or under certain letters called “seats”, or else aloof.

:The seats can be ) أ (ا ، ) ؤ (و ، ) ئـ orئ (ى The seat is not pronounced, but is only an orthographic convention in the spelling of words with Hamzah. There is a cardinal rule in the reading of Hamzah:

The writing of Hamzah:

1- Aloof ( ء ) not connected from right or from left.

2- With a carrier, in which case it becomes like a diacritic:

a- Above and under an Alif ( )أ إ (This is how it appears at the beginning

of a word)

b. Above a waaw ) ؤ( c. Above a dotless yaa' ) ئ(

The rules of writing The Hamzah will be studied later اهللا شاء إن Important comment: Note that the Alif and Hamzah are two different letters. The letter Alif is a long vowel, always written free from any type of Harakah, and it never comes at the beginning of a word. But Hamzah is a consonant that comes anywhere in the word with a Harakah. (Step by step book page 61)

But because the Hamzah is mostly using Alif as a seat, people call the

Hamzah on the top of Alif (أ) : "Alif" also.

This might cause lot of confusion to the beginners but soon you will get used to it.

In our lessons, we will always follow the correct way of differentiating between them as they are not the same.

If there is a seat, ignore it.


ةالفتح عمات مكل ahh-Words with Fat

Read, Copy and revise how to connect the letters

ف ت ح ت ب ل ك غ س ظ ل م د س ح فتح ل كتبغس ظلم دسح

fataha kataba ghasala dhalama hasada

ع م ل ج ف ع ر ص ن ب س ل ك م ع عمل جفع رنص بل كسمع

jama3a fa3ala nasara kasaba 3amala

ي ب س ن ه ر ن س ك غ ف ر ق ت ل يبس نهر نسك غفر قتل

qatala ghafara nasaka nahara yabasa


الفتحة واأللف المديةyah (long vowel)yah and Alif Maddih-Fat

If the letter Alif ا ( ) comes after a letter with Fat-hah (Alif is always

preceded by Fat-hah), then this Alif will be pronounced like double Fat-hah as (a) in dad. We call it Alif Madiyyah.

- Alif Maddiyyah is the long form of Fat-hah

An Arabic word cannot start with Alif Maddiyah because Madd is like Sukoon.

Standard

Arabic )آ )= ا+ء خا حا جا ثا تا با

Qur'aan script z# ⟨

'aa baa taa thaa jaa haa khaa

صا شا سا زا را ذا داdaa dhaa raa zaa saa shaa saa

قا فا غا عا ظا طا ضاdaa taa dhaa 3aa ghaa faa qaa

يا وا ها نا ما ال كاkaa laa maa naa haa waa yaa


يننة بقارمةيدالم األلف عمو ةالفتح عوف مرالح ah and with long vowel Alifh-Comparison between letters with Fat

ء ث ت ب ج خ ح خا حا جا ثا تا با آذ د ر ز ش س ص صا شا سا زا را ذا داظ ط ض ق ف غ ع قا فا غا عا ظا طا ضال ك م ن ه و ي يا وا ها نا ما ال كا

كلمات فيها فتحة وألف مديةMadiyyah ah and Alifh-Words that have Fat

ات آبب تاب ال ثارج امح خاب 'aaba baata taaba thaara jaala haama khaaba

انذاق د اجال رز احس اغ شابص daana dhaqa raaja zaala saaha shaaha saagha

اعض طار اث ظاءع غاص فاز قاد daa3a taara dhaa'a 3aatha ghaasa faaza qaada

ياي وال هاب ناس ماء الح كالkaala laaha maa'a naasa haaba waala yaaya


واأللف المدية في الكلمات ن الفتحةبي مقارنة

in words ah and long vowel Alifh-Comparison between Fat

أمن ءنآم

فاتح فتح ف رافع رفع رz tΒ#u ⟨

amana aamana rafa3a raafa3a ahfata ahfaata

قاتل قتل ق زاعم زعم ز باطل بطل ب اتبك كتب ك ساءل سأل س تالف تلف ت المس لمس ل شاتم شتم ش ثابت ثبت ث ماكث مكث م صابر صبر ص جاهد جهد ج ناصب نصب ن ضارب ضرب ض حامل حمل ح هارب هرب ه طالب طلب ط خارج خرج خ واهب وهب و ظاهر ظهر ظ دافع دفع د يامن يمن ي عارف عرف ع ذارف ذرف ذ

غارق غرق غ

You should be able to continue reading without help اهللا شاء إن


OORAHSMAQ-UL -ALIF-AL األل ف ال م ق ص ورة

The shortened Alif

Sometimes long vowel ( ا ) at the end of the word is written in the

shape of Yaa' without dots. You still pronounce it as an Alif ( ا ) (aa) not

as ي (ee), We call it "Al-Alif-ul-Maqsoorah" (The shortened Alif)

How would I know it is an Alif not a Yaa’? 1- It has no dots below. 2- It has no mark.

3- It is preceded by Fat-hah ةفتح

4- In The Qur’aan it has a small ا on the top of it 3“.

Ex.

Standard على عيسى موسىArabic

4 y›θ ãΒ ⟨ 4 |¤Š Ïã ⟨ 4’ n? tã ⟨ Qur'aan script

Moosaa 3eesaa 3alaa


2222---- KASRAHKASRAHKASRAHKASRAH Is a small diagonal line placed below a letter and represents a short (i).

This (i) is pronounced as (i) in bin. The word Kasrah means breaking.

The mark of Kasrah is down, and my mouth goes down bi كسرة

ةرالكس عروف مالح Words with kasrah ب ء ت خ ح ج ث 'i bi ti thi ji hi khi

د ص ش س ز ر ذ di dhi ri zi si shi si

�ق� ف غ ع ظ ط ض �di ti dhi 3i ghi fi qi

ن م ل ك ي و ه ki li mi ni hi wi yi

كلمات بحركة الفتح والكسر معاah and kasrahh-Words with Fat

إبل كره نسي خسر حبطhabita khasira nasiya kariha ibili

فرح ئسي فزع يعي عمل fariha ya'isa fazi3a ya3iya 3alima

بخل وسع لبث رقب أسفasifa bariqa labitha wasi3a bakhila


الكسرة والياء المدية

Kasrah and yaa' Maddiyah (long vowel) - If the letter Yaa' ي ( ) comes after a letter with Kasrah and has no mark

over or below it, then this Yaa' will be pronounced like double Kasrah as (ee) in beep. We call it Yaa' Madiyyah.

- Yaa' Maddiyyah is the long form of kasrah.

- An Arabic word cannot start with Yaa' Maddiyyah (Madd is like Sukoon)

خي حي جي ثي تي بي ءي'ee bee tee thee jee hee khee

صي شي سي زي ري ذي ديdee dhee ree zee see shee see

قي في غي عي ظي طي ضيdee tee dhee 3ee ghee fee qee

يي وي هي ني مي لي كيkee lee mee nee hee wee yee


ةيدالم الياء عمو ةرالكس عوف مرنة الحقارم

Comparison between letters with kasrah and long vowel Yaa'

ب ء ت خ ح ج ث خي حي جي ثي تي بي ءيد ص ش س ز ر ذ

صي شي سي زي ري ذي دي ق ف غ ع ظ ط ض قي في غي عي ظي طي ضين م ل ك ي و ه يي وي هي ني مي لي كي

'Words that have long vowel Yaa كلمات فيها ياء مدية

إيمان كبير ينت يركث جيمر يمحر يصخر 'eemaana kabeera teena katheera rajeema raheema rakheesa

يند يرنذ ريم زيزيل عسي يدشر يرقص deena nadheera reema 3azeeza yaseela rasheeda qaseera

يدنض يبط يمظع يرع يضيل غيل فق nadeeda teeba 3adheema 3eera gheeda feela qeela

ينكيل مقل ينميل سن يبهر ين اويراي makeena qaleela sameena neela raheeba raawee naayee


الياء دمر والكس نيب نةقارم ماتفي الكل

Comparison between kasrah and long vowel Yaa' in words

فيل فل ف ريع رع ر إين إن ء قيل قل ق زيل زل ز بير بر ب كير كر ك سير سر س تين تن ت لين لن ل شين شن ش ثيب ثب ث ميل مل م صير صر ص جين جن ج نيس نس ن ضيد ضد ض حيل حل ح هير هر ه طيب طب ط خيف خف خ ويش وش و ظيل ظل ظ دين دن د ييس يس ي عير عر ع ذيل ذل ذ

غيض غض غ


3333---- DAMMAHDAMMAHDAMMAHDAMMAH Is a small curl placed above a letter and represents a short (u). This (u) is pronounced as (u) in “bull “. The word Dammah means a hug.

The mark of Dammah .looks like a whistle, that I blow in ضمة

bu

ةمالض عروف مالح

ammahDLetters with

ء ث ت ب ج خ ح 'u bu tu thu ju hu khu

ذ د ر ز ش س ص du dhu ru zu su shu su

ظ ط ض ق ف غ ع du tu dhu 3u ghu fu qu

ل ك م ن ه و ي ku lu mu nu hu wu yu


مالض كةرمات بحكل ammah DWords with

ل كتببس مرل حسق رطر

kutubu subulu hurumu rusulu turuqu

برع نذر رمع كثر ربز

3urubu nudhuru 3umuru kuthuru zuburu

الضمة والواو المديةammah and waaw Maddiyah (long vowel)D

- If the letter Waaw و ( ) comes after a letter with Dammah and has no mark above or below it, then this Waaw will be pronounced like double Dammah as (oo) in boot. We call it Waaw Madiyyah.

- Waaw Maddiyah is the long form of Dammah.

- An Arabic word cannot start with Waaw Maddiyah (Madd is like Sukoon)

خو حو جو ثو تو بو ءو'oo boo too thoo joo hoo khoo

صو شو سو زو رو ذو دوdoo dhoo roo zoo soo shoo soo

قو فو غو عو ظو طو ضوdoo too dhoo 3oo ghoo foo qoo

يو وو هو نو مو لو كوkoo loo moo noo hoo woo yoo


مقارنة الحروف مع الضمة ومع مد الواو

waawammah and long vowel DComparison between letters with

ء ث ت ب ج خ ح خو حو جو ثو تو بو ءوذ د ر ز ش س ص صو شو سو زو رو ذو دوظ ط ض ق ف غ ع قو فو غو عو ظو طو ضول ك م ن ه و ي يو وو هو نو مو لو كو

مديةفيها واو كلمات

Words that have long vowel waaw

خور حور عجول نثور يتوب بور أولى'oolaa booru yatoobu nathooru 3ujoolu hooru khooru

ونوج أذوق درم ورزي ورس قشور ورقص doona adhuqa murooji yazooru sooru qushoora qusooru

ورطور ضظوظ عول حعي فول نغوص تقود doora 3utoori hudhoodhu ya3oola naghoosu foolu taqoodu

لوم أكونع ورمي ول نورهس وداوون ديع akoona 3uloomi yamooru nooru suhoola dawoodu 3uyooni


مالض نيب نةقاربالواوم دوالم ماتفي الكل

in words ammah and long vowel waawDComparison between

فوز فز ف روب رب ر أولى ألى ء قول قل ق زول زل ز بور بر ب كوب كب ك سوق سق س توب تب ت لوم لم ل شور شر ش ثوم ثم ث موج مج م صوم صم ص جول جل ج نوح نح ن ضول ضل ض حور حر ح هود هد ه طوف طف ط خوص خص خ وور ور و ظول ظل ظ دور در د يور ير ي عول عل ع ذوق ذق ذ

غوص غص غ


4444---- SUKOONSUKOONSUKOONSUKOON (Absence of the vowel)

This mark written on the top of the Arabic letter indicates that this letter is not followed by any vowel’s sound (Absence of the vowel). It is pronounced as “t” in “ant“, “b” in cobra…etc

خ ح ج ث ت ب ء ر.فخ سن.مح مل.مج أر.نث عب.يت ني.نب س.رأ

أسي رننب بتعي ل نثأرمجم نسحم فخر ra'su nabnee yat3abu nath'aru mujmalu muhsinu fakhra

ق ف غ ع ظ ط ضدم.نذ يب.ع رق.ب ر.وز سي.عم رش.ق نص.ر

نيدذب مق عرر بوز عمسش يرق رنص madyanu 3adhbi barqa wizri yasma3u qirshu nasru

ق ف غ ع ظ ط ضط لي.فضنا.عظ رح.ر عتف فو.نغ لي.ب.ل.نق تح

نقل تفتح نغفو بعلي حظر عطرنا فضليfadlee 3itrunaa hadhru ba3lee naghfoo taftahu naqli

ي و ه ن م ل ككم.ل تبه ل.أمه نم.ه هل.س وس.نل.سي س

كتبل مل ههأم نهل مهس نسول سيس maktaba hal amhala minhu sahlu sawsan saylu

This is to show the way to pronounce Sukoon in the middle of a word, to stop before the dot then to continue the word. The correct way of writing is on the next line.


How to pause on Arabic words

- An Arabic word never starts with Sukoon. - If you pause on any word, you have to keep a Sukoon on the last letter of the word e.g. the last letter must be 'still' (in reading) even if there is a different mark on it (in writing).

Pausing form

The word

Word ending with Fat-hah or Dammah or Kasrah, we pause with sukoon on the last letter.

walad لدو– لدو - لدو

Word ending with a long vowel, we pause on a long vowel as well.

Fee

Maa

yarjoo

في

ما

يرجوWord ending with Shaddah, we pause on sukoon but with doubling the letter.

3aduww ودع– ودعودع

If the last letter is a waaw without Shaddah preceded by a Dammah, or a yaa' without Shaddah preceded by a Kasrah, we change the waaw and yaa' to long vowels when pausing.

hoo

hee

وه يه

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5555---- SHADDAHSHADDAHSHADDAHSHADDAH This mark written on the top of the Arabic letter indicates that the letter should be stressed (which same letter with a vowel).

Shaddah can be with the Fat

Help Shaddah is repeating the letter twice without moving

the tongue: once with a sukoon and once with a vowel

1-Shaddah with Fat-h Example: when you say: On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the

2- Shaddah with KasrahExample: when you say: On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the

3- Shaddah with DammahExample: when you say: On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the

ب+ ت ( ت with

+ب with ت) ت

+ب ) ت ت with

www.quranicarabic.wordpress.com

This mark written on the top of the Arabic letter indicates that the letter should be stressed (which means to pause on the letter and then to say the same letter with a vowel).

Shaddah can be with the Fat-hah or the Kasrah or the

Shaddah is repeating the letter twice without moving

tongue: once with a sukoon and once with a vowel

hah

Example: when you say: what time is it?

On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the second there is a Fat

with Kasrah Example: when you say: Do you like hot tea?

On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the second there is a Kasrah.

ammah و Example: when you say: I like it too! On the first 't' there is a Sukoon and on the second there is a

(Step by Step page

shaddah and Fat-hah) is batta = بت

with shaddah and Kasrah) is batti = تwith shaddah and Dammah) is battu =ت

Page ��

This mark written on the top of the Arabic letter indicates that the letter means to pause on the letter and then to say the

the Dammah Shaddah is repeating the letter twice without moving

tongue: once with a sukoon and once with a vowel

there is a Fat-hah.

there is a Kasrah.

there is a Dammah.

Step by Step page 21)

بتتب

تب


ةمر الكللى آخع ةالشد عمات مالكل Words with Shaddah at the end of the word

أب أب أب ب ء abba

abb abbi abb

abbu abb

full pausal*

بث بث بث ث بت بت بت ت batta batti battu baththa baththi baththu

مح مح مح ح عج عج عج ج 3ajja 3ajji 3ajju mahha mahhi uhhma سد سد سد د رخ رخ رخ خ rakhkha rakhkhi rakhkhu sadda saddi saddu سر سر سر ر هذ هذ هذ ذ hadhdha hadhdhi hadhdhu sarra sarri sarru حس حس حس س مز مز مز ز mazza mazzi mazzu hassa hassi uassh

قص قص قص ص رش رش رش ش rashsha rashshi rashshu qassa qassi ussqa

دع دع دع ع حض حض حض ض hadda haddi haddu da33a da33i da33u كف كف كف ف زغ زغ زغ غ zaghgha zaghghi zaghghu kaffa kaffi kaffu شك شك شك ك دق دق دق ق daqqa daqqi daqqu shakka shakki shakku هم هم هم م جل جل جل ل jalla jalli jallu hamma hammi hammu


سه سه سه ه حن حن حن ن hanna hanni hannu sahha sahhi sahhu عي عي عي ي قو قو قو و qawwa qawwi qawwu 3ayya 3ayyi 3ayyu

*You should read each word once in full form keeping the last vowel (when you continue reading after that word) and once when pausing on Sukoon by keeping the stress (doubling the letter) on the last letter.

شدةفيها كلماتWords with Shaddah

Full form Pausal form Meaning

خياط فنان حب شر اهللاAllaahu sharru hubba fannaanu khayyaatu Allaah sharr hubb fannaan khayyaat Allaah evil love artist tailor توني ستقف مص سردم ارنج

sittoona muttaqee saffu mudarrisu najjaaru sittoon muttaqee saff mudarris najjaar sixty pious row teacher carpenter


PART 2

NEW LESSONS

RULES OF READING MORE THAN A WORD

1- INTRODUCTION OF THE ARABIC WORD 2- TANWEEN 3- TAA' MARBOOTAH 4- HAMZA-TUL-WASL 5- LAAM AT-TA3REEF


1111---- INTRODUCTION TO THE ARABIC WORDINTRODUCTION TO THE ARABIC WORDINTRODUCTION TO THE ARABIC WORDINTRODUCTION TO THE ARABIC WORD

الكلمة العربية The Arabic Word

مساNoun لعفVerb فرحParticle

إنسان Human الفعل الماضي

Past tense verb رف جرح

Preposition

في، على، إلى،

..من ، مع ، كـ

وانيح Animal الفعل

ضارعالم Present

tense verb طفف عرح Conjunction

Particle ،فـ و، أو، ثم..

مادج Solid رل األمعف Command

verb ( imperative)

حرف نفيNegation Particle

ال

حرف نداءPlant نباتCalling Particle

ياكانم Place Etc.

مانز Time Adjective صفةيرمض Pronoun

ةإشار مسا Demonstrative Relative اسم موصول

Pronoun Etc.


2222---- TANWEENTANWEENTANWEENTANWEEN الت ن و ين

Tanween is a sound of Noon with Sukoon, that you hear at the end of

Arabic indefinite nouns, but you do not write as a letter ن. It is written in a

special way, by writing the vowel mark twice.

bintun = بنت or ×بنت bintin = بنتbintan = بنتا

Tanween Fat-hah

(Fat-hataan)*

Tanween Kasrah (Kasrataan)

Tanween Dammah

(Dammataan)

Fat-hataan means 2 Fat-hah, Kasrataan means 2 kasrah and Dammataan

means 2 Dammah. (as if the first is the vowel and the second in for ن )

ـابنت بنت بنت

- Note that the Fat-hataan marks are regularly followed by an Alif, written as the last letter in the word, but this Alif does not indicate a long vowel except in the pausal form.

- The sound of Noon is heard only when we continue to read after that

word, but if we pause on that word, we pause on Sukoon over the last written letter and we do not hear Noon sound of Tanween.

Full form Pausal form (Continuing reading after that word) (Stopping on that word)

1- Dammataan –un: bintun bint (like in Dammah) بنت

2- Kasrataan –in: بنت bintin bint (like in Kasrah)

3- Fat-hataan –an: bintan bintaa (different than ابنت

Fat-hah due to the long vowel Alif that is added to the end)

ن

ن

ن


مع التنوين والوقف على آخر الكلمة حروفالThe letters with Tanween and how to pause at the end of the word

أبا أب أب ب دءا دء دء ءfull

pausal da'un

da' da'in da'

da'an da'aa

abun ab

abin ab

aban abaa

بثا بث بث ث بتا بت بت ت batun

bat batin bat

batan bataa bathun

bath bathin bath

bathan bathaa

محا مح مح ح عجا عج عج ج 3ajun

3aj 3ajin 3aj

3ajan 3ajaa mahun

mah mahin mah

mahan mahaa

سدا سد سد د رخا رخ رخ خ rakhun

rakh rakhin rakh

rakhan rakhaa sadun

sad sadin sad

sadan sadaa

سرا سر سر ر هذا هذ هذ ذ hadhun

hadh hadhin hadh

hadhan hadhaa sarun

sar sarin sar

saran saraa

بسا بس بس س مزا مز مز ز mazun

maz mazin maz

mazan mazaa basun

bas basin bas

basan basaa

قصا قص قص ص رشا رش رش ش rashun

rash rashin rash

rashan rashaa qasun

qas qasin qas

qasan qasaa

بطا بط بط ط حضا حض حض ض hadun

had hadin had

hadan hadaa batun

bat batin bat

batan bataa


دعا دع دع ع نظا نظ نظ ظ nadhun

nadh nadhin nadh

nadhan nadhaa da3un

da3 da3in da3

da3an da3aa

كفا كف كف ف زغا زغ زغ غ zaghun

zagh zaghin zagh

zaghan zaghaa kafun

kaf kafin kaf

kafan kafaa

شكا شك شك ك قاد قد قد ق daqun

daq daqin daq

daqan daqaa shakun

shak shakin shak

shakan shakaa

هما هم هم م جال جل جل ل jalun

jal jalin jal

jalan jalaa hamun

ham hamin ham

haman hamaa

سها سه سه ه فنا فن فن ن

fanun fan

fanin fan

fanan fanaa sahun

sah sahin sah

sahan sahaa

نيا ني ني ي لوا لو ول و lawun

law lawin law

lawan lawaa nayun

nay nayin nay

nayan nayaa


عليهما التنوين والوقفالحركات ومع كلمات

Words with short vowels and Tanween and how to pause on them

Tanween Dammah

Dammah Tanween Kasrah

Kasrah Tanween Fat-hah

Fat-hah

بيت بيتا بيت بيت بيت بيت Full form

baytun baytu baytin bayti baytan bayta Pausal form

bayt bayt bayt bayt baytaa bayt meaning house house house house house house

تابك تابر كر خيوال خيسول رسر Full form

kitaabun

kitaabu

khayrin

khayri

rasoolan rasoola

Pausal form

kitaab kitaab khayr

khayr rasoolaa rasool

meaning book book good good messenger messenger


3333 ---- TAA' MARBOOTAH TAA' MARBOOTAH TAA' MARBOOTAH TAA' MARBOOTAH الت اء ال م ر ب وط ة

The Tied Taa'

- Taa' Marbootah occurs only as the last consonant of a noun. - It is a sign of femininity in singular nouns.

- It is a combination of the letter ت and the letter ه Ex ةدراشة –وفر - If we continue the reading after a word ending with Taa' Marbootah, we

pronounce it as a Taa' ت, but if we pause on such word, we pause on

a Haa' ه with Sukoon.

*Notice that the long vowel Alif that comes after Tanween Fat-hah is not written after Taa' Marbootah and that the pausal form is on Haa' Sukoon as well. Ex.

Tanween Dammah Dammah Tanween

Kasrah Kasrah Tanween Fat-hah Fat-hah

وردة وردة وردة وردة وردة وردة Full form wardatun wardatu wardatin wardati wardatan wardata Pausal form

wardah wardah wardah wardah wardah wardah meaning rose rose rose rose rose rose

جنة جنة كلمة كلمة صالة صالة

Full form salaatun salaatu kalimatin kalimati jannatan jannata

Pausal form

salaah salaah kalimah kalimah jannah jannah

prayer prayer word word paradise paradise

If you fly to the next word, take the upper dots of ت with you & if you stop suddenly and fall, you say oh!


Read اقرئي/ اقرأ

.bintun jameelah -1 .بنت جميلة A beautiful girl

ةكبير ةطائر .hin kabeerat'iraaat -2 A big plane

hahalias nutu zawjathadeejak -3. .صالحة خديجة زوجة Khadeeja is a good wife

Notice that when we pause at the end of the sentences, we change the sound of Taa' Marbootah to a Haa' with sukoon.


ه م ز ة ال و ص ل 4444---- HAMZATHAMZATHAMZATHAMZAT----ULULULUL----WASL WASL WASL WASL

The connecting Hamzah

If the Alif is not carrying the sign of Hamzah, then it must be a long vowel EXCEPT when it occurs first letter in the word.

In that case, the Alif is a Hamzah (consonant), but it is a special type of Hamzah that is pronounced only when it is the first sound coming out of the mouth (i.e. when you begin speaking by pronouncing that Hamzah).

This Hamzah is called 'Hamzat-ul-Wasl' ه م ز ة الو ص ل or the 'connecting

Hamzah'

- It comes only at the beginning of the word. - It looks like long vowel Alif, but you already know that this last cannot be at the beginning of a word, as it is a sukoon.

- In the Qur’aan it has a symbol like small صـ on the top. )ٱ( , but in

standard Arabic books it is free of any sign.

- This Hamzah is pronounced only at the beginning of the speech, i.e. when no other speech sound has been pronounced immediately before it; Otherwise, it is silent.

- If we start with the word we say: Allaah. (we hear the sound of اهللا

But if we start with a word before it Ex. زاكج

We say: Jazaka-llaah هللا زاكج (We don’t pronounce A of the word Allaah,

we directly go from the Kaaf of Jazaaka to the letter Laam of the word (Allaah). The Hamzah is omitted)

Standard Arabic ناثن نين اثنييجوز

Qur'aan script È ÷ uΖøO $# ⟨ È ÷ y ÷ρ y— È ÷ uΖøO $# ⟨

'ithnayn zawjayni-thnayn starting with Hamza wasl

reading a word before it

meaning two two pairs


HAMZATHAMZATHAMZATHAMZAT----ULULULUL----QATQATQATQAT3333 ط ع ه م ز ة ال ق

The disconnecting Hamzah

-The other outspoken Hamzah أ ( ) at the beginning of a word, with the

diacritic on the top is called 'Hamzat-ul-Qat3' ه م ز ة الق ط ع or

the"Disconnecting Hamzah";that one is always pronounced, whether you

start with that word or you read a word before Ex. ه و أ ح م د Huwa Ahmad

اقرئي/ اقرأ

دمحف الحال؟: مكي aal? h-l-ayfakammad: hMu How is the situation? (How are you?)

نسح :لله دمالحر وبخي . illaah.-amdu lh-l-khayrin wa-assan: biH

In good and thanks to Allaah.

دمح؟: مكمما اس smuk? -ammad: mahMu

What is your name? نسح :نسي حمسا . assan.Hassan: Ismee H

My name is Hassan

Standard Arabic قاب أليم أليمع Qur'aan

script 5ΟŠ Ï9 r& ⟨ A>$ s) Ïã 5ΟŠ Ï9 r& ⟨ aleem 3iqaabin aleem

srarting with

Hamzat-ul-Qat3 reading a word

before it

meaning painful painful punishment


5---- LAAM IN AL ATLAAM IN AL ATLAAM IN AL ATLAAM IN AL AT----TATATATA3333REEFREEFREEFREEF الالم في الـ الت ع ر يفThe letter Laam that occurs in Al of Definition

الت ع ر يفال * -1 is connected to nouns to make them definite.

It is equivalent to the English word "The", but should be connected at the beginning of the noun not separate from it as in "The"

Ex. لدالبنت - الو

3- The nouns that have Al of Definition cannot have Tanween. لدالو

Reading the letter Laam that occurs in Al of Definition The letter Laam in "Al at-Ta3reef" can be read in one of two ways depending on the letter following it: - Pronouncing that Laam clearly. - Omitting that Laam by inserting it in the following letter.

a- Pronouncing that Laam clearly

When that Laam precedes a noun beginning with any of the fourteen letters

in the group: ء ب خ ح ج ع غ ف ق ك و ي م ه

The الم in that case is called Laam Qamariyyah ةريالم قم from رقم (moon)

due to the first letter ق that is one of the previous fourteen letters

األ البـ الجـ الحـ الخـ العـ الغـal-gha al-3a al-kha al-ha al-ja al-ba al-'a

الفـ القـ الكـ المـ الهـ الو اليـ

al-ya al-wa al-ha al-ma al-ka al-qa al-fa *Al of definition is starting with Hamzat-ul-Wasl

That Laam can be recognized easily by the Sukoon appearing over it.



b- Omitting that Laam by inserting it in the following letter:

When that Laam precedes a noun beginning with any of the remain fourteen letters of Arabic

ن ل ظ ط ض ص ش س ز ر ذ د ث ت

The الم in that case is called Laam Shamsiyyah ةيسالم شم from سشم (sun)

due to the first letter ش which is one of the previous fourteen letters.

ابالغر برالع رالخي رجل الحمت الجيلى الباألع

al-ghuraab al-3arab al-khayr al-hajar al-jamal al-bayt al-'a3laa The crow The

Arabs The good The

stone The

camel The girl The

highest

موالي لدى الوداله زوالم تابالك ريل القمالف

al-yawm al-walad al-hudaa al-mawz al-kitaab al-qamar al-feel The day The boy The

guidance The

banana The book

The moon

The elephant

الت الثـ الد الذ الر الز النـan-na az-za ar-ra adh-dha ad-da ath-tha at-ta

السـ الشـ الصـ الضـ الطـ الظـ اللـal-la adh-dha at-ta ad-da as-sa ash-sha as-sa



أ ي ام األ س ب وع Ayyaamu-l-usboo3

Days of the week

A word with Hamzatu-l-wasl and Laam shamsiyyah

ت النوريالز قمة الرالذر ينالد بالثو يدحالتو an-noor az-zayt ar-raqm adh-dhurah ad-deen ath-thawb at-tawheed

The light

The oil The number

The corn

The religion

The dress

The monotheis

m

السماء الشمس الصوت الضالين الطين الظفر الليل

al-layl adh-dhufr at-teen ad-daalleen as-sawt ash-shams as-samaa'

The night

The nail

The clay

The misguided

The sound

The sun

The sky

ن الثالثاءاالثني دت األحبالس ath-thulaathaa' al-ithnayn al-ahad as-sabt

Tuesday Monday Sunday Saturday

األربعاء الخميس الجمعة

al-jumu3ah al-khamees al-arbi3aa' Friday Thursday Wednesday

Standard Arabic الناس الناس كلم Qur'aan

script Ä¨$ ¨Ψ9 $# ⟨

Å7 Ï=tΒ Ä¨$ ¨Ψ9 $# ⟨ an-naas maliki-nnaas

starting with Hamza wasl

reading a word before it

meaning The people The king of the people

Documents

Reading and Writing Skills READING AND WRITING SKILLS · PDF fileReading and Writing Skills Edited on 5th Rabee3u-th-thaanee 1431 21 st March 2010 READING AND WRITING SKILLS