21
Isfd 18 LEE 4 Mansilla, Adriana Palamara, María Paula

Writing & reading skills

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Language & written expression power point

Citation preview

Page 1: Writing & reading skills

Isfd 18

LEE 4Mansilla, AdrianaPalamara, María Paula

Page 2: Writing & reading skills
Page 3: Writing & reading skills

Writing for a good communicationproductive

skill

Comprehensive reading

Page 4: Writing & reading skills

Various principles in writing

Decontextualized production process A social view

Writing=speaking Writing=speaking (context bound) important for the development of writing competence and INTERACTION between listener spoken discourseand speaker = clarification negotiation co-construction of meaning

--

Page 5: Writing & reading skills

Carl Bereiter has collaborated with Marlene Scardamalia on cognitive and writing research for more than 35 years. Happily married for many years, Carl and Marlene have developed “knowledge building as a distinctive educational approach”

READER BASED APPROACH

to writing to ensure the communicative power of a text even in a setting where interaction is decontextualized -1987-

Page 6: Writing & reading skills

How to develop a communicative text ?

Develop a reader-based approachPrior knowledge and writing experience (Content Schemata)Discourse knowledge and writing convention (Formal Schemata)Assessment of writer’s intention and awareness of the audience Metacognition ( editing, revision)

Top - Down processing

Page 7: Writing & reading skills

An even better written text...

Use proper lexical items Choose proper grammatical formsUse of appropriate cohesive devicesPay attention to punctuationMetacognition ( editing and revision)

Bottom - Up processing

Page 8: Writing & reading skills

Approaches to writing theory & writing instruction

audience contextin writing and reading

language

-The expressivist approach

-The cognitivist approach-The interactionists

Writing activities

Self discovery “Personal and dialog journals” -Elbow-

Thinking and process “Problem solving activity”

Interactive perspective “Intertextuality” -Bakhtin 1973-

Writerresponsible for communication

Page 9: Writing & reading skills

QuantityInformation

QualityJustification

RelevanceSense in a context

MannerLinguistic formssentence structure

Grice’s maxims -1975 -

Top down processing

Bottom up processing

Page 10: Writing & reading skills

CoherenceOrganize thoughts into a sequence which makes sense

How to develop a communicative text ?

°Extratextual

Background knowledge the reader is likely to bring to the reading of the text

°Intratextual

Features in a written text that the writer should build in a text to ensure coherence

°Genre and rethorical formatNarrative / expository

Subgenresfables, novels folktales

-Expected readers-place of written text

purpose & audience

Page 11: Writing & reading skills

Writing instructionPrior to writing #Brainstorming activities #Discussions #Oral interactions - role play activities - Sts can discover they have a lot to say about the subject #Start writing! - encourage Sts to write about anything at all -

STEPS 1st - choose the topic 2nd - think of the reader or the audience 3rd - choose the genre

Page 12: Writing & reading skills

Planning communicative activitiesOutlinesFlowcharts

Provide the writer with a system of mapping out the main ideas to be presented in a logical way.

Brainstorming Describe the town where you live

advantage and disadvantage of the new technologies

the trip of your dreams

Features of the trip Places to

visit

transportation

Taxis

Buses

Subwayold markets

PubsRocky coastlineMountainous

Page 13: Writing & reading skills

A writing teacher Should develop writing tasks that suit the students’ needs and interests to ensure motivation on the writer. The result is a successful communication in the written message.

“Use the reading as model… Passages from literature or written by others as models for one’s own writing“Summarizing - reading writing activity - For the

writer’s own use- -two audiences- Instructor students

-use it to see if the student has understood the material--share their reading ( it’s a way to communicate ideas with others)

“Portfolio An ongoing collection of different writing assignments ( Personal messages, letters, summaries essays)

useful for longer writing project before the actual writing is done

Page 14: Writing & reading skills

The more you read the more your knowledge expand !

Page 15: Writing & reading skills

In order to understand a written texts the reader needs the application of different tasks:

● Decode the message● Interpret the message● Understand the author´ s intentions

Page 16: Writing & reading skills

Reading for Communication

Reader

Text

WriterInteraction

Page 17: Writing & reading skills

How to achieve an effective reading...

Top - Down processingConsider Prior knowledgeand Prior reading experienceApply knowledge of written conventionConsider the purpose of reading

Bottom - Up processingRecruit linguistic knowledge -vocabulary, grammar, punctuation, cohesion, orthography-and Reading strategies

Metacognitive awareness

Page 18: Writing & reading skills

How to facilitate the interpretation of a text while reading?

Coherence Cohesion

Reader´s experienceKnowledge on writing conventions

Reader´s linguistic competence

Page 19: Writing & reading skills

Problems in reading

● Mismatch ( predictions/ text; prior knowledge/text; linguistic competence/text)

● Ambiguity of referencial ties ( articles, pronouns or demostratives)

Page 20: Writing & reading skills

A well written product is in constant changing and revision to suit the writer’s goals and needs to accommodate potential readers

An effective reading is achieved by developing reading strategies. Making constant adjustment to the text to match the schemata of context and form, presented by the writer in the text, with our own schemata and view of the world.

Page 21: Writing & reading skills

Sources

-Celce-Murcia, M. & Olshtain, E. (2000) Discourse and Context in Language Teaching. A Guide for Language Teachers. Chapters 7, 8. U.K.:

-Stipula_fountain_pen.jpg Available at: en.wikipedia.org-Breaking Down Critical Reading | Princeton Tutoring Blogblog.princetontutoring.com-Bad Girls: Summer Reading Book Club Edition - Work Life Balance ...wlbpa.org

Pictures sources