Range Safety Solution: The Early Tracking System...The Aegis BMD ships and a future land-based platform named Aegis Ashore are the dominant systems in President Obama's Phased

1

Propelling Innovation & Performance

Range Safety Solution:

The Early Tracking System

Tam Tran

Pacific Missile Range Facility

10 May 2011

2


Agenda

• Background

• Aegis Ashore

• Range Of Choice

• Range Safety Requirements

• Issues

• Summary

3


“President Obama has approved the recommendation

of Secretary of Defense Gates and the Joint Chiefs of

Staff for a Phased, Adaptive Approach for missile

defense in Europe”. (THE WHITE HOUSE, Office of

the Press Secretary, September 17, 2009)

http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/FACT-SHEET-US-Missile-

Defense-Policy-A-Phased-Adaptive-Approach-for-Missile-Defense-in-

Europe/

Phased, Adaptive Approach

Missile Defense for Europe

http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/FACT-SHEET-US-Missile-Defense-Policy-A-Phased-Adaptive-Approach-for-Missile-Defense-in-Europe/

4


Aegis Ashore --- Testing Site Selection

The Aegis BMD ships and a future land-based platform named Aegis Ashore are the dominant systems in President Obama's Phased Adaptive Approach (PAA) for missile defense …

In order to meet the 2015 PAA time-line to place an Aegis Ashore in Europe, an Aegis Ashore test bed and prototype would have to be developed and built by 2012 at the Pacific Missile Range Facility (PMRF) in Kauai, Hawaii and to begin testing intercepts of this system by 2013 … http://www.missiledefenseadvocacy.org/

“We also will continue to design the first Aegis Ashore battery that will be installed for testing at the Pacific Missile Range Facility in 2012”.

Unclassified Statement of Lieutenant General Patrick J. O’Reilly, Director, Missile Defense Agency, Before the House Armed Services Committee Subcommittee on Strategic Forces Regarding the Fiscal Year 2011 Missile Defense Programs, Thursday, April 15, 2010, pp. 6-7

5


Funding for Aegis Ashore Test Facility

Senate Report 111-201 – NATIONAL DEFENSE

AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FY 2011

“The committee recommends a provision that would modify the table

in section 2401(a) of the Military Construction Authorization Act for

Fiscal Year 2010 (division B of Public Law 111-84; 123 Stat. 2641) to

authorize $68.5 million for the Aegis Ashore Test Facility

at the Pacific Missile Range Facility, Hawaii. This facility is

necessary to permit the testing and demonstration of the Aegis Ashore

system in time for its planned deployment in Phase 2 of the Phased

Adaptive Approach to missile defense in Europe, in the 2015

timeframe.”

Congress Authorized Funding

to build Aegis Ashore Test Facility in Hawaii

6


Because PMRF is… a Range of Choice

• The Range

– A leading multi-dimensional integrated test and training range

– The largest Underwater Tracking Range in the world

– Extended Ops area of 2.1 million square miles

– Unconstrained by geography, limited encroachment & minimal air/sea traffic

– The best & proven data collection record (Telemetry and Radar)

• The unique experiences

– Home of the Ballistic Missile Defense Testing

• 17 Aegis BMD flight tests

• 6 THAAD missions

• 4 Japan Aegis BMD flight tests

• Other MDA flight tests and RD&E programs

– HOLLYWOOD (submarine prospective commanding officer training)

– RIMPAC, the Rim of the Pacific Exercise, the world's largest international maritime exercise.

– US Forces (Air Force & US Navy) & Allies MSL firings/training

7


Benefits of PMRF to Aegis Ashore

• Congressional Support

• Unique Test & Evaluation Strengths

– Superlative Sensor and Telemetry Capabilities

– Experienced and Stable Workforce

– Thorough Understanding of Aegis BMD Flight Testing

– Proximity to Fleet

• Vast Range Area Allows Scenario Flexibility

– Facilitates the Ability to Trace Test Scenarios to Actual Threats

8


PMRF – Crossroads of the Pacific

Vandenberg

AFB

9


Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (Aegis BMD)

At Sea SM-3 Missile Firings

Aegis Ashore

Land-based SM-3 Missile Firings

Aegis Ashore Test Complex at PMRF

From

To

10


Aegis Ashore Deckhouse and VLS

Concept

FCS – Fire Control System

CSMC Combat System Maintenance Central

CIC – Combat Information Center

VLS – Vertical Launch System

SPY and FCS

CSMC

CIC

Water Coolers

Power Supplies

VLS VLS

Processors

From Aegis BMD ship to a Land-based Platform

11


PMRF Aegis Ashore Sites

Aegis Ashore

Radar/Fire Control Site

Range Control Center

Aegis Ashore

Launch Site

http://media.defenseindustrydaily.com/images/ORD_MK41_VLS_Line_Drawing_lg.gif

12


…. to Meet Range Safety Requirements

SM-3 Missile is a very high energetic missile, fastest missile to be flown from

PMRF launch site

If an anomaly occurred immediately after launch and termination action is taken by safety officer, missile debris impacting on land must be contained inside the existing PMRF 10,000 ft Restrictive Easement, Ground Hazard Area (GHA). PMRF Enhanced EIS, 1998, p2-7/56; 3-60/87; 4-

35/39.

– “termination of a defensive missile shortly after liftoff would result in potentially hazardous debris being contained within the ground hazard...” PMRF Enhanced EIS, 1998, p4-55.

13


Range Safety Requirements

Critical range safety data must be acquired, processed and made available to Range Safety Officers NLT one second after SM-3 launch.

PMRF Range safety requirement, per RCC, is two independent, certified tracking sources, available prior to launch, that provide vehicle position and velocity

– Each tracking source must produce a valid track within one second of SM-3 first motion and generates 20 state vectors per second

– Instantaneous Impact Prediction (IIP) calculation 20 times per second

14


“Make prior to launch two independent data sources that

provide SM-3 position and velocity. The data sources are to

provide accuracy sufficient to ensure the predicted vacuum

(no atmospheric drag) Instantaneous Impact Position (IIP) is

within 500 ft of actual impact position no later than one

second after launch.”

Specific PMRF Requirement

15


Issues with SM-3 Land Launch at PMRF

Currently PMRF has no capability to acquire and provide the

critical SM-3 Range Safety data within the specified time of one

second.

– Earliest radar skin track from MPS-25 radars were demonstrated

around 3.5 seconds

No C-band beacon on SM-3 missile

– TM IMU (inertial measurement unit) available but must be validated

– GPS available/update at launch; then next update is approximately

13 sec

It is very hard to manually terminate an errant SM-3 within 2.5

seconds after launch (to contain debris inside PMRF’s GHA)

without a Safety Augmentation System (SAS)

New Capabilities are Needed to Support

Land-based SM-3 Launch at PMRF

16


Early Launch Tracking Systems:

A Range Safety Solution

Telemetry

Best Source

Selector

TelemetryELT System

#1

ELT System

#2

Safety

Augmentation

System

(SAS)

Radar Best

Source

Selector

Command

Destruct System

(CDS)

Missile Flight

Safety Officer

(MFSO)

Console

SM-3

Interceptor

Radar

IMU

GPS

Enable

Switch

(hardware)

Destruct

Signal

iNet

…

PMRF Radars

17


Early Launch Tracking Study

• Comprehensive tracking system study was initiated by PMRF in back in 2004 to address potential options

• Aegis Ashore Range Integration Working Group leveraged this study to make recommendations in Jan 2011.

– Comprised of multiple cross agencies technical experts

– Drafted detailed Technical Requirements Document (TRD)

– Conducted industry search and collaboration with DoD test ranges

– Collected vendor proposals to satisfy TRD

– Technical evaluation team reviewed and graded multiple tracking systems

– Conduct On-site testing

Systems Reviewed

– Systems in use at DOD Test Ranges

– COTS Systems available for Purchase

– Systems being developed

18


• Onboard the SM-3

– TGRS (Translated GPS Range System)

– C-Band beacon

• Existing PMRF RADARs, C-Band Beacon Trackers

– MPS-15 and FPQ-10 (Queen 1, 2, and 8; 5 and 6)

• Independent Autonomous Sensors

– Phased Array RADARs

– Optical Tracking Sensors

– X-Band Doppler Tracking Radar

– RF Interferometric Sensor

– C-Band Beacon

– SPY Radar Options

Initial Candidate Sensors

19


Evaluation Criteria

• Track Accuracy

– Total Position Error

– Down Range Error

– Cross Range Error

– Velocity Error

• Time to Establish a Good Track

– Plume Effect Delays

– Sensor First Available Track

Opportunity

– System Latency

– Track Quality

• Range Integration Efforts

– Existing Range Infrastructure

– IA requirements

– Frequency approval time

– EMC

• Cost

– Hardware Procurement Cost

– NRE

– Range infrastructure upgrade costs

– O&M

• Environmental effects

– Weather

– Time of Day

• Impact to Flight Test Schedule

20


Results of Evaluation Study

X-Band, CW Doppler radar recommended for procurement

Fully transportable and allow for remote operation

Fielded system, IA compliance, and provided TSPI data

Shadowed live fires to gather data and validate systems performance

• ARAV-B (Aegis Readiness Assessment Vehicle)

• ARAV-C

• MRT (Medium Range Target)

Naval Research Laboratory Interferometer and Optical Sensors

selected for further evaluation

Pathfinder scheduled for August 2011

21


Collected Data

Time-lapse photo

of ARAV-C launch

Target Acquired TGT Track Duration

ARAV-B #1 Yes @ 340ms 120 sec

ARAV-B #2 No N/A

ARAV-B #3 Yes @ 539ms 6 sec

ARAV-C No N/A

MRT Yes @ 2.5s 50 sec

http://www.globenewswire.com/newsroom/prs/?pkgid=8882

22


Summary

X-Band Doppler can track dynamic ARAV target, collected data

on 3 out 5 test events.

ARAV-B trajectory is closely matched to SM-3 during initial

seconds of flight

PMRF / Aegis Ashore team continues to evaluate:

• Plume Effects

• Canister

• Profile

NRL Pathfinder mission is important

to evaluate passive sensors to meet

flight safety requirements

23


Mahalo

Til we meet again (A hi hou)

Aloha and Mahalo nui loa

SEE YOU IN HAWAII

Documents

Range Safety Solution: The Early Tracking System...The Aegis BMD ships and a future land-based platform named Aegis Ashore are the dominant systems in President Obama's Phased