Quraniclanguagemadeeasy-Unit1

8/10/2019 Quraniclanguagemadeeasy-Unit1

1/86


2/86

.

; ~

Chief

Program

Editors

D r .

A b i d u l l a h a l -

A n s a r i

Ghazi

(Ph.D.,

H i s t o r y o f

R e l i g i o n

Harvard

U n i v e r s i t y

Second P r i n t i n g

December,

2004

T h i r d P r i n t i n g

June,

2008

Fourth

P r i n t i n g A p r i l ,

2010

Printed

i n

USA,

Copyright p r i l

2002,

IQRA

n t e r n a t i o n a l

Educational

Foundation.

A l l

Rights

Reserved.

Special note

on

copyright:

This

book

i s a

p a r t

o f

IQRA s

comprehensive

and

systematic program o f

I s l a m i c

Education.

No

a r t o f

t h i s

book

may

be

reproduced by

any

means

n c l u d i n g

photocopying,

l e c t r o n i c ,

mechanical,

e c o r d i n g ,

or

otherwise

without

the

w r i t t e n

consent

o f

the

p u b l i s h e r . I n

s p e c i f i c

cases,

permission

i s granted

on

w r i t t e n

request

to p u b l i s h

or

t r a n s l a t e IQRA s

works. For

i n f o r m a t i o n

r e g a r d i n g

permission,

w r i t e t o :

IQRA

nternational

Educational

Foundation,

7450

kokie Blvd.,

Skokie,

IL

60077

L i b r a r y

o f

Congress Catalog

Card Number

2001

-60958

ISBN

-

56316

-026-9

Language

Editing

&Review

Siddiqa

Qazi

(M.A.,

Arabic)

D r .

K h a l i d Mahmood Shaikh

( Ph .

D.,

Arabic and

Islamic Studies)

Wanis

Shalabi

(M.A.,

Arabic L i t e r a t u r e

and Language)

Raiesa

Abdus Samad

Typing

and

T ype~ Setting

Sumerah

Bakhsh

Siddiqa

Qazi

Cover

Design

Mustafa

a i f u d d i n

Production

Coordinator:

A l i u d d i n Khaja


3/86

D e d i c a t i o n

To My

a r e n t s

nd

t o

X

Those

Who

re Engaged

I n

Learning

nd

eaching

The

Q u r a n .


4/86

Mrs. f f a t h

Hasan's e x t b o o k ,

Q u ~ a ~ r i c

L ~ t i g t i r ~ g e

1 V l a d e Easy

s

a

welcome d d i t i o n

t o

dQRA's gr

i n g l i s t of

books

t e a c h i n g

t h e

Arabic

l a n g u a g e .

During

t h e

l a s t

few

y e a r s

I f f a t h

H a s a n

has

emerged a

p o p u l a r

t e a c h e r

of

Arabic

i n

G r e a t e r

Chicago a r e a ,

whose

c l a s s e s

overflow

w i t h

e n t h u s i a s t i c s t u d e n t s .

H

s t u d e n t s a r e

n on

-

Arabic

p e a k i n g

l a d i e s

of

l l

ages who

make

p e c i a l

e f f o r t

t o

a t t e n d

t o

h e r

c l a s s e s

t o

enha

t h e i r

knowledge of

Arabic

i n

order

t o

b e t t e r

understand

t h e

Qur'an i n

i t s o r i g i n a l

langua

Q u a ~ ~ n i e

L a a z g a e ~ ~ e 1 V l ~ x d e

Easy s a

response o t h e demands

of

er

t u d e n t s t o

t r a n s f o r m

her

n o

and

methodologies

n

a r o p e r l y

produced

e x t b o o k .

Our

n i t i a l

r e l u c t a n c e t o p u b l i s h a n o t h e r

book on

Ara

Language w as

overcome a s we egan

o

r e c e i v e

p o s i t i v e

o p i n i o n s

from

some

of

our

r e v i e w e r s

who

pp

c i a t e d t h e

t e x t s simple

and

d i r e c t

approach.

We ope

t h e

novice

w i l l

f i n d t h i s

book

a h e l p f u l

guide

t o

language as they

s p i r e t o open

h e door

o

t h e Message of

h e Qur'an.

The

Qur'an

s

a m i r a c l e

i n both p

f e c t i o n of

anguage and p u r i t y of

message.

Allah

~~

imself

romised:

~ ~ . . .

. ~

1

Indeed

We have

r e v e a l e d t h i s DhikN

(The Qur'an)

a n d We

h a l l safeguard

t .

(Al- H i j r

15:9)

The

Qur'an w as

e v e a l e d t o a n

u n l e t t e r e d

(`Ummi) rophet, hrough a n

u n l e t t e r e d community,

o r

t h e

e n t

humank ind

t o

guide t

t o t h e

s t r a i g h t path

of

Submission o

t h e Divine Will

I s l a m ) . I t was r e v e a l e d

ove

p e r i o d of23

e a r s . I n i t i a l l y

i t

was w r i t t e n on

t o n e s ,

parchment, l o t h

and b a r k ;

but t

w as

l s o p r e s e r v e d

t h e

h e a r t s

of

h e

Comp an ions of

h e Prophet

I t

w as

compiled i n t o book form during

t h e

r e i g n s of

f i r s t

two Rightly

Guided

Caliphs Abu akr

and Umar

then

i n a l l y

s t a n d a r d i z e d

by

h e

t h i r d Cal

U t h m a n

ibn

'Affan

,.

llah ~~

as

promised

o

s a f e g u a r d t h e Qur'an i n every

r e s p e c t and t h e Book t

i s

a

i v i n g

testimony

o

t h i s Divine

promise:

t s language has been

p r e s e r v e d without

one

i o t a

of

change from

t h e time of t s r e v e l a t i o n .

t

has

been

memorized by

m i l l i o n s of

Muslims who a n

r e c i t e i t from memory.

I t i s

r e c i t e d

by

Mugris

/Qa~is

a r t i c u l a t e r e c i t e r s ) ,

as h e Prophet

n d

h i s Sa h a b a h

e c i t e d

t s meaning

and

message has been

p r e s e r v e d through

t h e d i r e c f

l i n e

of

h e o l o g i a n s (`Ulama

who

pend t h e i r

l i f e t i m e s i s

l e a r n i n g

i t s

message a nd d i s s e m i n a t i n g

i t

t o o t h e r s .

housands of

e m i n a r i e s

(Madaris)

c r o s s t h e

world

c o n t i n u e

t o

p r e s e r v e

t h e message

a nd

e a c

i t

t o o t h e r s .

Although

p r e s e r v a t i o n of

h e Qur'an

and t s

message s

guaranteed

by

Allah~~

imself, t

has

been

acco

plishedthrough

His

chosen

e r v a n t s who

ave

maintained t s study

through h e i r s i n c e r e

and i r e l e s s e f f o r

The u t h o r

of

a c ~ ~ n i c

L a t a g r c a g e N d c ~ ~ l e

Easy

f f a t h

H a s a n

i s

a

Hafiza (one

who

as memorized h e e n t

Qur'an)

s

well

as

Arabic t e a c h e r

who

s

now

opening

t h e < d o o r

of

Qur'anic u n d e r s t a n d i n g t o

eager

b e l i

e r s , a l -

H a r n d u l i l A l l a h .

We

ray

t h a t

Mrs.

f f a t h

H a s a n

and IQl~4'

n t e N n a t i o n a l

Educational

Foundation

a s

a n i n s t i t u t i o n

w i l l

counted

a m o n g

t h o s e

chosen

of

l l a h s s e r v a n t s

who

a r r i e d out

His

Will i n

t h i s

l i f e and w i l l meet t

Heavenly

P o n d

al

- H awd ) i t h

t h e

Messenger

of l l a h ~ ~ . or

indeed h e

Prophet Muhammad

s s u r e d

The b e s t

a m o n g you

are t h o s e

w h o

e a r n

t h e

QuN'an

a nd

e a c h

i t

t o

o t h e r s .

(Sahih

a l -

Bukhari)

Chief

d i t o r s

7450

Skokie

Boulevard,

Skokie,

IL.

60077

T e l :

847-

673

-4072

Fax:

847-

673-4095

Friday

1

February

2002

Jum'

h

1 8

Dhu l-Qa'

a h 14

Email:

g r a

@Igra.org


5/86

e a r n

Arabic a t

a l l ?

I t

s h o u l d

b e

r e a s o n enough

t h a t

t h e

t i m e l e s s speech

of

l l a h ,

t h e

G l o r i o u s

Qur an, wa s

humanity

i n

Arabic..However, f

we

r u l y b e l i e v e d

t h a t , we

ould not b e s o i g n o r a n t

of ven t h e s i m p l e s t

c o n c e p t s ,

which

would

o t h e r w i s e

h e l p us

t o

make s e n s e

of

h e Wo r d

of h e C r e a t o r , Mo st

High.

o u r s e t h e r e a r e t h o s e

of

us who

i l l a r g u e t h a t

l e a r n i n g

Arabic

i s ,

a t

b e s t , a redundant e x e r c i s e ,

e s p e c i a l l y

i n

a n

when Qur anic

r a n s l a t i o n s- a r e so

r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e .

We

ould

r e p l y

t o t h i s

b y

s a y i n g t h a t t h e t r u e Q u r ' a n i c

expe-

cannot b e d i v o r c e d from t s Arabic

o r i g i n s .

This i s something

which

t h e

r i g h t l y

guided

Ulema

f

h e

Ummah

a t t e s t e d t o down

through

t h e

a g e s . How s t h i s so?

s i m p l e s t

example

t h a t c o me s

t o

mind i s t h e I s l a m i c

p r a y e r i t s e l f . We t a n d f i v e times a day

i n i n t i m a t e

c o n v e r -

w i t h

our

Lord,

e t we o not

even

know

what h e

n a t u r e of

h e d i s c o u r s e

i s . How

ould one

b e n e f i t

from t h e

of

h e King, f t h e

King

knows

h a t

H is

words f a l l

u n i n t e l l i g i b l y

on uncomprehending e a r s ?

f a c t i s t h a t one

of h e g r e a t e s t m i r a c l e s

of

h e

Qur an i s

i t s e l o q u e n c e ,

and

t s a b i l i t y

t o

t u r n

t h e

h e a r t s

of

h o s e

e a r

i t

r e c i t e d .

I t

uses

t h e

c h o i c e s t words

i n what s

being

s a i d .

U l t i m a t e l y

what i s

b e i n g

s a i d i s

b e i n g

s a i d

i n

and what

s

b e i n g

s a i d

i n

Arabic

i s t h e

a c t u a l

speech

of l l a h , Most High, n i t s e x a c t words. nd

hat a

d i f -

t h e r e

i s

i n

h e a r i n g

something

from

t h e

King

himself

and

h e a r i n g

i t

from one

of

i s

i n t e r p r e t e r s

Anyone

who

any knowledge

of

h e Arabi c language

w i l l

r e a d i l y

admit h a t

we

annot u l l y

a p p r e c i a t e

t h e

d e p t h of s simple

a

a s t h e

Muslim t e s t i m o n y

of

a i t h :

L a l a h a

I l i a A l l a h .

a n y t h i n g

i n

l i f e

l e a r n i n g

Arabic t a k e s

time

and

e f f o r t . For t h o s e who r e w i l l i n g t o m ake h e

e f f o r t

and

t a k e

a

i n t o t h e e n d l e s s

d e p t h s of

h e b e a u t y

of

h e

Qur an, we

ray

t h a t t h i s s m a l l and

i m p e r f e c t a t t e m p t a t

o u t l i n i n g

b a s i c s

of

Qur anic g r a m m a r

and

v o c a b u l a r y w i l l

b e

a

worthwhile

s t a r t i n g p o i n t .

n

making

t h e

f o l l o w i n g work a c c e s s i b l e t o

t h o s e

with

i t t l e f a m i l i a r i t y w i t h

t h e

Arabic l a n g u a g e ,

we ve a t t e m p t e d

t o

t h e

s i m p l e s t

terminology i n

e x p l a i n i n g grammatical c o n c e p t s

and u n c t i o n s .

Ea c h

l e s s o n

i s

a l s o

accompanied b y

v o c a b u l a r y

l i s t

of words

found

i n

t h e Qur an.

v o c a b u l a r y

l i s t s

have

a l s o

been

put

n a l p h a b e t i c a l

o r d e r f o r e a s e

of

e f e r e n c e .

A l l

examples found

i n

each

e s -

a r e a l s o

t a k e n

from t h e

Qur an. In s i m p l i f y i n g t h e m a t e r i a l

h e r e i n , we ve

d e l i b e r a t e l y kept

out

v o c a b u l a r y

words

p h r a s e s

t h a t do not

appear i n

t h e

Qur an.

book

i s d i v i d e d i n t o t h r e e

u n i t s . T h e i r s t

u n i t d e a l s

w i t h

c o n c e p t s

such a s nouns, pronouns,

r e p o s i t i o n s ,

a nd

In

t h e

second u n i t , we e l v e i n t o t h e v e r b s

and

t h e i r t r i l a t e r a l r o o t s , a s

w e l l

a s b a s i c

s e n t e n c e

In

t h e t h i r d

u n i t we

u r t h e r

e x p l o r e t h e

v a s t world

of Arabic v e r b s b y

examining

d e r i v e d

v e r b

forms,

a nd

s e n t e n c e

s t r u c t u r e s .

ur

hope i s t h a t t h i s a t t e m p t

w i l l

b e

s u f f i c i e n t i n g i v i n g t h e s t u d e n t

of

rabic

a very i n t i m a t e

f a m i l i a r i t y

w i t h t h e d i s -

of

h e

Qur an. I f

one i s

i n t e r e s t e d

i n c o n t i n u i n g

s t u d i e s

i n

Arabic

i n o r d e r

t o

b e a b l e

t o

comprehend

Ahadith

t h e m a n y

c l a s s i c a l I s l a m i c works i n A r a b i c ,

t h e n we

ope t h a t t h i s

book w i l l p r o v i d e a

s p r i n g b o a r d f o r

f u r t h e r

n s h a ' A l l a h .

In

t h e meantime,we ope h a t t h i s

work

w i l l

p r o v i d e

a u f f i c i e n t guide

f o r

t h e

t e a c h e r s of h e

l a n -

a s

w e l l

a s

a n easy

r e f e r e n c e

f o r t h e s t u d e n t s .

hatever good

you

w i l l

f i n d

h e r e i n i s

from A l l a h ,

and whatever f a u l t you

may

i n d h e r e i n

i s m ine

a l o n e .

a

ma aw

-~qi

l l a

b i l l a h

H a s a n

eptember

07,

2001

umad

A l

-Thani

20,

1422


6/86


7/86

~

~ 1 ~

`

. .

This

book has

been prepared with t h e

i n t e n t i o n

of

e l p i n g

one understand

t h e Holy

Qur an i n

an

easy an d

e f f i c i e n t

manner. I n s h a A l l a h , i f

complete

i n s t r u c t i o n s

a r e

followed,

h i s

t a s k w i l l

be

achieved

without m u c h

d i f f i c u l -

t y ,

I n s h a A l l a h .

1 .

In

o r d e r t o

achieve

s u c c e s s ,

i r s t

ask

f o r t h e

help

and

b l e s s i n g s

of Allah ~~.

2.

Do

our

b e s t

s i n c e

Allah ~~

e l p s

those

who

elp

t h e m s e l v e s . .

3 . S i n c e t h e

c o u r s e i s

c u m u l a t i v e

e v e r y

l e s s o n

b u i l d s

upon

h e

p r e v i o u s )

understanding and

knowing every

l e s s o n thoroughly

b e f o r e

p r o g r e s s i n g

i s

c r u c i a l f o r

s u c c e s s .

4.

S i n c e

t h e s e

l e s s o n s

a r e

p r e p a r e d

e s p e c i a l l y

f o r

t h e

u n d e r s t a n d i n g

of

h e

Qur an, l u e n t

r e a d i n g of

h e

Qur an i s one

of

h e

p r e r e q u i

s i t e s

of

h e

understanding

of

h e

language.

5.

Regular

reading

of

a

p o r t i o n

of h e

Qur an in A r a b i c , -

along

with

t h e

t r a n s

l a t i o n ,

i s

highly recommended.

6.

T h e

memorizing

of

as

many

h o r t

surahs and

ayahs as

p o s s i b l e

i s a l s o

highly

recommended.


8/86

I 9 e d i c ~ t i o p i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

I g r t ~ 9 ~

1 VO~e

...........................................................................................

..............................2

P i e f a e e

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

L~C~I10`'i'le(I~eI11~I1~S

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 -

~OI1tCI1 3

. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Ulll~ ~

Lesson1

Words

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11

Lesson2

Basic

Points

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

Lesson 3

Pronouns t+~~

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14

Lesson

4

Attached

Pronouns

~ ; . l i

j .

~ 1 ~ 1 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17

Lesson

5

Attached

Pronouns

with Nouns

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8

Lesson6

Attached

Pronouns

with

Verbs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20

Lesson

7

P r e p o s i t i o n s

I

- i

~9}

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23

Lesson 8

P r e p o s i t i o n s

I I

}i ~9}i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

Lesson9

Nouns

I ~ ~ i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Lesson10

Nouns I

~yi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2

Lesson 11

D e s c r i p t i v e Phrase ~ . ~ ~ i

~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

Lesson

12

Possessive Phrase ~i

~~i~

~~

. . .

39

Lesson

13

Nominal

Sentence

~ ~ 1 i~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41

Lesson

14

P l u r a l Nouns

I

~-i

- - ~ ~ 1 i

. . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44

Lesson 15

P l u r a l

Nouns

I

~:i

~yi

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7

Lesson

16

Vocabulary

of

Body

a r t s

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Lesson 17

Masculine

and

Feminine

Nouns~~~y

~~~ ~~`~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Lesson

18

Demonstrative

Pronouns

I -Near

~ ~ ~ 1 i

~~'~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . .

55

Lesson

19

Demonstrative

Pronouns

I

-Far

. A -

u ~ o ~ y i

s L ~ . ~ , ~ ~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

57

Lesson

20

R e l a t i v e

Pronouns 1 . ~ ~ . i ~~ I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59

Lesson 21

I n t e r r o g a t i v e

Nouns

~~ ~~~~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

Lesson

22

I'Naab

of

Nouns

n

the

Form

f

_

or _

~ 4 ~ : 1 . i -

~ , ~ . y i ~ i , ~ l , , . , . , , , ,

64

Lesson 23

I'raab

f o r

Nouns

. . . y i

~,I~I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Lesson 24

Unchangeable

and

Changeable

Nouns

u~ll

9

, l . l

~ t . ~ , ~ l

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6

Lesson 25

Magnified

Nouns

. . ~ . a 1 1

~ t , ~ ~ I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

79

Lesson26

Verbal

Nouns

. ~ ~ . . ~ I ~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

84

5

~f


9/86

I l l ~

Lesson1

Verbs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

Lesson2

P r e s e n t

/ F u t u r e

Tense

t . . ~ . t i

~ ; . l i

;

94

Lesson

3

I m p e r a t i v e

Verbs ~ y i c ~ 1 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 0

Lesson

4

I m p e r a t i v e

Verbs I ~ y i

c 1 ~ 1 1 ;

104

Lesson

5

P r o h i b i t i o n

~i

11

. . . . . . . . . .

. : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

106

Lesson 6

J u s s i v e

P a r t i c l e s

~ ; ~ - i

~9

}i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

Lesson

7

Accusative

P a r t i c l e s

dui ~9

}i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Lesson

8

Negative

P a r t i c l e s

~i

. . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 7

Lesson9 (~ onciit innal W~r~lg

l ~ J . I I

~

J~.I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~~n

Lesson 10

Subject and

Object

J~~

i } y ~ i s ~ ~ 1 ~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 4

Lesson

11

Verbal

Sentences~i~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

129

Lesson12

When

i i

/

a l

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Lesson 13

Past

Passive

J , a ~ i ~ .

D u i

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

135

Lesson

14

Present

/Future

Passive

Jai ~ ~ t ~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

139

Lesson

15

Double Emphasis

~~11 v~9 ~ '

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4 1

Lesson

16

Comparative

/ s u p e r l a t i v e

N o u n s

~yi . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Lesson

17

Double

L e t t e r e d

Verbs~ i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

147

Lesson

18

Verbs with

a

Hamza

s)

s ~ 1 ~ c J ~ ~ 1 i

1 5 5

Lesson

19

Verbs with

Middle

L e t t e r Alif

9)

s 9 ~ 9 1 ~ ~ ~ ~ I c J ~

] I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

161

Lesson

20

Verbs with

Middle

L e t t e r

Alif ~s)

~1~~~ ~I~s1i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 6 9

Lesson

21

Verbs

with

Middle L e t t e r

A l i f :

The

Exceptions

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 7 6

Lesson

22

Past

Continuous

Verbs s i a : ~ . ~ i

~ ~ , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

1 8 0

Lesson

23

F i r s t L e t t e r 9

Verbs s i ~ i ~ } ~ . ~ i

~~i

1 g 2

Lesson

24

Last

e t t e r 9

Verbs

s ~ s ~ ~ ~

c~W~

1 ~ i 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8 8

Lesson

25

Last

L e t t e r

~ s

Verbs

I

~~11

v~~1~

1 ~ 1 ~

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Lesson 26

Last

e t t e r

~ s

Verbs

I

~W~

~~1~

1 ~ 1 1

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9 8

Lesson

27

Last

e t t e r ~ s

Verbs I I ~~11 ~~11

. I ~ ~

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 0 1

Lesson

28

Verbal

N o u n s

. . ~

~ .

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 0 4

i J n i t

3

~

~

Derived

F o rms o f

erbs

F o rm I )

~ ; l i

~ J u 1 ~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

209

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lesson1

Form

I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1 0

Lesson2

Form

I I

~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 0

Lesson3

Form

IV

} ~ i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 6

Lesson4

Form

V

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 0

Lesson5

Form

VI

~t~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 6

6


10/86

Lesson6

Form VII

I ~ i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..250

.>

Lesson7

Form

V I I I ~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5 3

Lesson8

9>

Form

I X

~i

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6 1

Lesson9

Form

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6 3

Lesson 10

Four

e t t e r

Root

Verbs

~ ~

~~~~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6 9

Lesson

1 1

Derived

Form

of

h e

Four

e t t e r

Root

~ } . ~ ;

~4

~ ~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7 1

Lesson 12

M i s c e l l a n e o u s

Verbs ~ ~ 9

~~I l ~ ~ l

. . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 72

Lesson

13

I n t e r j e c t i o n s s ~ . . ~ ~ ~~

}~

and

more

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 8 0

Lesson

14

C o n j u n c t i o n s

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 8 7

Lesson 15

Other

Wards

of

egation

. . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 9 2

Lesson16

Numbers

~ .

~

~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 9 4

Appendices

Appendix

A

Vocabulary

o r

Broken

l u r a l

Nouns

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix

B

L i s t

of r i

consonant Verbs

from

h e

Qur an

. . . . . . . .

I 3 i k ~ l i o ~ r a p l i y

. . . . . . . . . .

311

32 7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 7


11/86


12/86

Lesson 1

~

.

1

`

Al-

Kalimdt

Kalimat

r e

of h r e e

t y p e s :

1 .

~ ( I s T n )

means a

noun

2.

(Fi

~

means

a

verb

3.

(HaNf}

s a

word

o t h e r

than

a

verb

or

noun,

such

as a

p r e p o s i t i o n , e t c .

1 . ~

noun:

I t

i s

the

name

of

n

o b j e c t ,

p l a c e ,

person, or of

an a c t i o n , e . g . :

/~

He~

c

W

Muhammad

C ~

9

. .

A

ook

.~

~ r

~ ~ ; : ~

t a n d i n g

2 . ~ e r b :

I t te l l s

about

an

a c t

with r e f e r e n c e

t o

p a s t ,

p r e s e n t ,

o r f u t u r e

t e n s e , e g . :

~

~

He

i d

~

si

He

oes

/

He

i l l do

r f i


13/86


14/86

ll

nouns

i n Arabic

a r e e i t h e r

masculine or

feminine

i n

gender.

n

E n g l i s h

we

nly

have

s i n g u l a r or

p l u r a l

but

n

Arabic,

we

ave

s i n g u l a r

d u a l

and

p l u r a l .

i n g u l a r i s j u s t

f o r

one

person o r

t h i n g ;

dual

e f e r s

t o two;

and

p l u r a l

r e f e r s

t o

m o r e

than

twa

n E n g l i s h

we

ave

i r s t second

an d

t h i r d

p e r s o n s .

We

ave t h e

s a m e

i n

A r a b i c .

h e

h i r d

person i s

t h e one

spoken

a b o u t

e . g .

t h e y

them, he, an d

she.

The

second

person

i s

t h e

one

spoken

o

e . g .

you.

h e

i r s t person i s t h e .

one

speaking, . g . I w e ,

and

u s .

a ll of h e

above p o i n t s

i n min d, h e

following t a b l e

format s

p r e p a r e d

which

w i l l

b e

used

throughout

The format

r o g r e s s e s

from

t h e

r i g h t t o

l e f t

s t a r t i n g with

s i n g u l a r

t o

dual

o

p l u r a l .

Plural

Dual

S i n

u l a ~

Third

erson

T h e m ,

h e i r

T h e m ,

h e i r

H i m ,

i s

t

M a s c u l i n e

Third

eNSOn

T h e m ,

h e i r

T h e m ,

h e i r

Her,

t

eminine

S e c o n d eNSOn

You, our

You,

our

Y ou , ou r

Masculine

Se cond erson

You,

ou r You,

our

You,

ou r

eminine

F i r s t

person

Us, u r

Us, u r

M

e

Masculine

minzne)


15/86

~

ama iN

Pronouns

a r e

divided i n t o

two

forms:

~

a~

1 .

Detached

~

Darna i~

Munfasilah)

r

~ w

2.

Attached ` ~~

Damcr ir

Muttasilah)

I , 1 7 ~ Y Y~r

r

J ~:

t

PluNal

Dual

SzngulaN

o

~

r/3

/~

, . 4 ~

lei

o l l

ThiNd

erson

T h e

a l l

Th ey

two)

He,

t

Masc l~

line

w

~

~ ~ l l ~ + ` G l l

T h i ~ ^ d

peNSOn

T h e a l l

T h e

two

She, t

Fen2inine

~i

o

~

I

~

~

o

I

l , e ~ a

~

~

~~

S e c o n d erson

You a l l

You tw o

You

Masculine

W ~

~

I

~~

~/

lea

S econd

erson

You a l l

You two

You

Fen2inine

i

~

o

i

f

o

s~

~I

~~~

l

Fist

eNSOn

We

We

w o )

I , me

Masculine

n a i n i n e

This a b l e

should

be

memorized

thoroughly.

C e r t a i n

p o i n t s t o be

s p e c i f i c a l l y

noted while memorizing

a

All

h e

thud

erson

r r i a s c t ~ l i n e

ai d

feminine

pronouns begin

with the

l e t t e r

o .

B All

the

second

p e r s o t a

masculine

a n d

e r n i n i t i e

pronouns begin

with

the l e t t e r s~a

14

~

5~


16/86

l l t h e .

dual masculine a n d

feminine

pronouns

end

w i t h

A l l

t h e

masculine

second a n d

h i r d

person p l u r a l pronouns

end

w i t h

J o .

W

l l

t h e

feminine

second

a n d

h i r d

person

p l u r a l

pronouns end

w i t h

~.

ollowing

are x a f n p l e s o f

etached

NOnouns

ou nd

n

t h e Qur an:

~~~~

He

s

A l l a h , h e o n e .

112:1)

r~

~

~~~

I t

i s g o o d

f o r

you.

(24:11)

~~I~l~

I

When

hey

t w o

men e r e

i n t h e

cave

9:40)

~

~

, ~

~ ~ ~

And

hey

a l l ) a r e not

c o m i n g

out

f r o m

t .

(5:37)

/q/

O

~/

I t

i s not but

our worldly i f e .

(6:29)

~~~

T h e y

w ives ) r e

a p p a r e l f o r

you.

(2:183)

~.:~

: . . ~

I

s

Did y o u say

o t h e mankind?

(5:116)

Xou

t w o ) and h o s e

who ollow you

s h a l l triumph. (28:35)

15 lC~


17/86

/

~

~

~ `~~~9

And

you do not

know. (2:216)

~~~

~~~~

~

Y

am

our

most x a l t e d Lord.

(79:24)

~~

~~~~~

~~~

We

r o v i d e f o r you.

(6:1

I)

~

e

L ~ x e rc i s e

R e c i t e t h e

Qur an and r y

t o f i n d

more

examples

of

e t a c h e d

pronouns.

1 6

i1


18/86

a

.e y

Al-Dama irAl-

M u t t a s i l a h

h e

name i n d i c a t e s , t h e s e pronouns

w i l l

only

appear

a t t a c h e d t o

a n o t h e r

word,

which

can

be a

noun,

or

a a r t i c l e

(HaN~.

Plural

~-

D u a l ~:.

Singular

o

~

/9

3

~ls~i~

ll

l~

0

Third person

T h e i r /them T h e i r

/them He, im /his

Masculin e

w ~ ~ ~ r/

t~

~ ~ l I ~ ; G J I

t ~ e ~

T h i r d

person

T h e i r /them

T h e i r

/

-them

She,

Her

/ t

Feminine

~

~

j

~~t~l~i

Second

erson

You a l l

/

our You two

/

our You our

Masculine

W

L 1

:J

~,y~~~l

i

S econd

erson

You all /

our

You two /

our You our

Fen2inine

~i F i r s t

person

Our

/ us

Our

/

us

Me m

(Masculine

en2inine)

above t a b l e

should

be

memorized

t h o r o u g h l y .

In

t h e

t a b l e ,

c e r t a i n s i m i l a r i t i e s

t o t h e d e t a c h e d

can be

s e e n :

ll t h e t h i r d

person

masculine

a n i

fe minine pronouns

begin w i t h

t h e

letter 0 .

ll t h e

dual pronouns end

w i t h ~.

ll t h e p l u r a l

second and

t h i r d

p e r s o n -

masculine

pronouns

end

w i t h ~ .

W

m All

t h e

p l u r a l s e c o n c and t h i r d

person e Y n i n i n e

pronouns

end

w i t h ` j .

T h e

d i f f e r e n c e i s

i n

t h e

second

person

masculine and feminine

pronouns,

which b e g i n

with

t h e

letter ~.

17

~


19/86

Lesson

5

P l u ~ ^ a l ~

ual ~

ingulaN

~

~~

~

r/~~

.

~

~ ~

~

~II~GlI

~ i ~

Third

person

T h e i r book

T h e i r book

His book Masculine

i

W

~

~ a,

i

r

/~~

,

i

r / ~

,

~;

~~I~,G l

V

h i ~ ^ d

person

T h e i r book T h e i r book

He r

book Fen2i ni ne

3 i

3

~

i

i

~~

1,~~/

.

~ ~

~

Second

erson

Your

book

Your

book

Your

book

Masculine

,~

i y

i

i

.~

~ >

~ Second erson

Your book

Your

book Your

book

Fen2inine

i

i

i

'~

~~~

~/ "/

.

~ i

F i N S t

p e t ^ s o n

Our

book

Our

book

M ook Masculine n 2 i n i n e

Above s

t h e

a t t a c h e d

pronoun

t a b l e

w i t h

a

noun.

Note

the

o l l o w i n g

p o i n t s :

T h e

noun

p r e c e d e s t h e

pxonoun; h e

pronoun

is

t r a n s l a t e d f i r s t and then t h e noun.

a

or

h e f i r s t p e r s o n

t h e pronoun

i s

used

w i t h

t h e

noun w i t h

a

o r _;

. g .

f

T h e

a s t l e t t e r of h e noun

when

a t t a c h e d with

t h e pronoun

w i l l

be

with

a

i n s t e a d of

a

_; . g .

~


20/86

~

e

EXel CISe

Write t h e pronoun t a b l e f o r each

of

h e

f o l l o w i n g

nouns

with

t h e

t r a n s l a t i o n :

a .

~~

~ g

Pen d .

~

J a m

Prophet

b .

~

House

e .

~

Slave

c .

~

od

~ Name

when a t t a c h e d t o a

ronoun,

h e on

t h e l a s t

l e t t e r

of h e noun w i l l

change t o

:

e . g .

~

~

p

1 9 z:~


21/86

Lesson

6

Plural

Du a l

ingular

~~

o

~..o

~~

~~..o

~~

~..s.

~ . 1 1 ~ G l l

Third erson

He

r e a t e d them

He

r e a t e d

them

He

r e a t e d h i m

Mascul ine

w

~~.

~

~ ~ 1 / ~ G l l

Thud

erson

He

r e a t e d

them He

r e a t e d them

He

r e a t e d h e r

Feminine

~

ii

~

ii

ii

5

Second erson

He

r e a t e d ou

He

r e a t e d

ou

He

r e a t e d

ou

Mascul ine

~

ii

~

ii

ii

~

Second

eNSOn

He

r e a t e d ou

He r e a t e d ou

He r e a t e d

ou

Feminine

ii

ii

ii

.~i

F i N S t

peNSOn

He

r e a t e d us

He

r e a t e d us He

r e a t e d

me

Mascul ine

e Y n i n i n e

Above

s

t h e

a t t a c h e d pronoun

a b l e

w i t h a

v e r b .

~ o t e the o l l o w i n g

p o i n t s :

T h e

v e r b p r e c e d e s

t h e

pronoun.

T h e

v e r b i s

t r a n s l a t e d f i r s t and

h e n

t h e pronoun.

~~

For

h e f i r s t

p e r s o n s i n g u l a r

t h e

pronoun i s

used

w i t h

t h e v e r b e . g .

~

..r

..s

~ o

Z

3


22/86

t h e pronoun

t a b l e

f o r

each of h e

f o l l o w i n g

verbs wit h t h e t r a n s l a t i o n :

~~ ~

a ~~~ He ave

d

~~

He elped

~ ~

b

~~

He

ma de

e

~

He i t

~ ~

~

~

c

9

He i l l e d

f . ~~ He

e f t

ollowi ng aN e examples of ttached pronouns:

~Wi

~~

~

When

t i s Lord s a i d t o

h ~ t i i

(2:131)

iPi

~ti~i q

~

ii

W ~, A

W h oe ve r

submits

h i s whole

s e l f t o Allah

(31:22)

/

~

~

7

r

Then d i d Satan make b o f ~ t of them

s l i p

(2:36)

So

o r

t h e r m

i s t h e i r reward.

(2:62)

~~

r

,~ ,~

nd

e

l e f t t h e r t a

i n darkness(2:17)

/~~

~ ~ l ~ ; l

nd hen your

Lord s a i d

(2:30)

~

,~

~~,~

That

you

ask

your

Prophet

2:108)

/

e

A/

//

I`

2 1

1

~ - -


23/86

The one

who

r e a t e d y ~ t ~

and

h o s e

who

ere

b e f o r e you

2:21)

9~

~ ~ S ~ I

Remember V I y

f a v o r .

(2:47)

y ~

~~~I.

And

e a r

/ I e

a l o n e .

(2:41)

~~

f

f t

fro

9~~

1:~~

~

L g y

And

hey

s a i d our

e a r t s

a r e i n

t h e

wrappings

2:88)

~ .

E x e r c i s e

R e c i t e

t h e

Qur an

and r y

t o end

more examples of

t t a c h e d pronouns.

Following

are

o J n e

e x c e p t i o n s :

i9

L.

O y

e o p l e ,

I

ask of

you

n o

reward. 11:

I )

~b~MM

~~

W

~/

9

6~ ~

OnHim

s

my

r u s t ,

and

o Him

o

I

e t u r n .

(13:30)

Note:

n t h e

above

x a f n p l e s , t h e

f

h e

l a s t

l e t t e N

of

h e

noun u f f i c e sfor

h e

pronoun

~

s n y

) .

i

~ ,

~~9~ ; , ~ ~ 1 9

So e a r

me,

Oh

you h a t a r e

w i s e . (2:197)

~

, ~ ~

c ~ 9~

;

And e a r

none

but

Me... (2:40)

Note:

n

t h e

above

x a f n p l e s , t h e~

h a t

ollows h e

v e r b

s z s f f i c e sfog

h e pronoun

~

f n e

) .

~

. . i

22 . ~


24/86

Lesson

7

I :

:

~ ~ ~

~

~

~ .

Al-Hz~ruf

l

J a ~ N

~ ~

~

a r e

some

p r e p o s i t i o n s found

i n

t h e Qur an:

On

Upon

To To w a rd s

In In/With

~

..i ~

1 .

The

above words a r e always followed b y a

noun or

a pronoun.

2.

They

have

h e i r own eaning,

nd have

a n e f f e c t on

h e

f o l l o w i n g noun o r

pronoun.

9

3.

Their

f f e c t

on

h e

n o u n

s

t h a t

they

w i l l convert

h e

on

h e

l a s t

l e t t e r

i n t o

a

i

Examples:

P l i r ~ s e

Noun

Pre

111011

In Allah

w

~

W

~~

~

o .i

W i t h

/

n

a book

~

~

~

~

~ ~

a

~

~

~

~

On

u p on

h e

e a r t h

~o ~

~~

~

~ ~

~

Towards a Prophet

~

~

~

~

~

23


25/86

9

4. T h e i r e f f e c t on

h e pronoun i s t h a t

t h e y c o n v e r t

t h e on

h e f i r s t l e t t e r i n t o

a

i

Exam l e s :

I h ~ a s e P r o n o ~ e ~ i

a -

Pre o s i t i o n

With

t

~,

~

o

~

~

~

~

With

/

In them

~

r / ~

lam

o

~i

. . o

On Upon them W ~G

t J ~ , ~

~

Towards them

~

_

~

~

~e

~

Note:

Only

t h e s e

p r e p o s i t i o n s

have

t h i s

e f f e c t

on o n l y t h e s e

thud

person pronouns.

0

i

5 . Note h a t

a

~s

p l a c e d

on

h e~

f

~and when

h e s e a r e a t t a c h e d t o t h e pronouns; . g .

~ ~

~~

i

The

o l l o w i n g ~ ^ e

examples

of

r e p o s i t i o n s

w i t h

nouns

and

pronouns:

A

xamples of


w i t h

nouns:

~ ~

~ . ~ J 1 ~ ~

a u l ~

~ a 1 ~

We e l i e v e i n Allah

and

t h e l a s t day.

(2:

)

W

~

w

a u l

L3

~.~.~

And

i g h t

i n

t h e w a y

of l l a h .

(2:190)

~~

~

:.

Upon h e i r

h e a r t s and

upon

h e i r

h e a r i n g .

(2: )

24


26/86

9 ~

I

To

h e i r

s a t a n s

(2:14)

h e e f f e c t

of

r e p o s i t i o n s on o u n s .

xamples

of r e p o s i t i o n s

w i t h

pronouns:

~(~ .

Sono

i n u pon him

(2:173)

~.

~

~N~

He

u i d e s

w i t h i t many (2:26)

d:

So

no

e a r

upon

them

(2:38)

~~~

~~j

a l

.-

When

He a i s e d

i n them

a

rophet

(3:164)

.

~1

Then

towards

Him

h e y

w i l l

be

e t u r n e d .

(6:36)

~

There

s no blame on

them n

t h e

m a t t e r

o l

t h e i r

f a t h e r s . . . (33: S)

Note h e e f f e c t

of

r e p o s i t i o n s on ronouns.

Qur an and r y t o

f i n d more

examples

of

h e s e p r e p o s i t i o n s .

25

~ _

~


27/86

Lesson

PREPOSITIONS I

w

Al-Huruf

l

- J a ~ N

~

The

o l l o w i n g

i s

t h e

l s t

of t h e r

p r e p o s i t i o n s used

i n

t h e Qur'an.

(Used o r swearing) ~

Like

From

/than

~

For / o J

i

~

W

From

/about

o

U n t i l

/

~

The


mentioned

above w i l l

have t h e

s am e

e f f e c t o n

the nou ns

as t h e p r e p o s i t i o n s

from

t h e

p r e v i o u s l e s s o n

but

they

w i l l

have n o e f f e c t o n

the

pronouns,

. g .

9

~

o

=

The

p r e p o s i t i o n

J

hanges

t o a J

hen

t i s followed

by

l l

t h e pronouns except i r s t

person s i n g u l a r

~:

/1

7

d

i

Vtl

i

Vtl

3

i

a

9

i

}

i

W

/

Vim

ai

/~

i i i

~ ~

There a r e

some

o t h e r words

t h a t

have

t h e same

e f f e c t

on

t h e

nouns a s

t h e


a l t h o u g h not

endorsed

by

Arab

grammarians a s

p r e p o s i t i o n s . The

o l l o w i n g

words a r e

l i s t e d

because they

a r e u s e f u l

f o r

l e a r n e r s

and

a r e

i n

a c c o r d a n c e

w i t h

t h e Qur'an.

26

3 i


28/86

With

/from

~,~ ~

Some

~

o~

~~

With

~~

All

/every

Near j~

Around J

~~

~ ~

Before ~

Before

~g

Between

M

A f t e r j~

Above /over ~~,g

Behind ~r

Under

/beneath

~

Other t h a n ~~

Other t h a n

~

o

~~~

ollowing aye

e x a n Z p l e s

of


w i t h

nouns

and

ronouns:

r e p o s i t i o n s w i t h

nouns.

9 ~

~U

By llah

you know

12:73)

9 ~~~

r

By

h e

[token

of

ime] 103:1)

~~~~~4~

From

h e J i n n s and

t h e

p e o p l e

114:6)

9 /

/Aw

~ p

W

/.

For

A l l a h

and

His Prophet

belongs

h e

h o n o r .

63:8)

27 ~

Z


29/86

~yi

O 'O

~ ~ ? ~ ~ ~

From h e r i g h t

and

from

h e l e f t

70:37)

~~

U n t i l t h e r i s e of

h e morn 97: )

They r e l i k e

c a t t l e .

7:179)

~

B)

Examples of

, hich

becomesJ

ith l l t h e

pronouns,

except~

~

~~ ~ /

-~y

a

i

He s t o you

an

open enemy.

2:208)

~~~9,

..

For

you s your

Deen and

o r

me s

my

een.

109:

)

~~~~~

w~

And

e r i l y

f o r you s a reward. 68:3)

s

~~

For

Him s t h e Kingdom. 64:1)

C) Examples

of

t h e r

words which have h e same

f f e c t

as a

r e p o s i t i o n .

~ y, r~~y p

i

> ~r

He s

i r r e s i s t i b l e from above His

l a v e s . . . 6:61)

~ W~~

~~

9 9~

We h a l l

crush them beneath

Our

e e t . . . 41:29)

~~~,

~

~

And o

s t r i v e

and

i g h t along

with His Messenger... 9:86)

2~

.3


30/86

Whoever

e s i r e s a e l i g i o n

o t h e r t h a n

I s l a m 3:85)

9

~iy

i

~

s~

}

But they

a r e

a l i v e near

h e i r

L o r d 3:169)

W

~ ~

~~

~

From

h e presence of h e Wise and

Knowing...

27:

)

~~

9

And ou

were

not p r e s e n t ]

with them... 3:44)

Exercise

R e c i t e t h e

Qur an

and

r y

t o

f i n d

more

examples

of

h e s e p r e p o s i t i o n s

9

~ }


31/86

Lesson g

NOUNS

Al7sfn

s

Nouns a r e

divided i n t o

two forms.

1)

roper

/ D e f i n i t e

~9

(Ma rifah)

2)

ommon/Indefinite

o

~ (Naki~ah)

1 .

Proper

nouns

a r e proper n a m e s given

to a

e r t a i n person,

l a c e ,

or an

o b j e c t , e . g . :

l ~

w

~

~

I

/~

` 9

w

~ ~

0

}

2 . Common

ouns a r e

a l s o

names,

ut r e g i v e n

i n

g e n e r a l

t o a

i v i n g

or

non-

l i v i n g

t h i n g , e . g .

A any pen

~~

c

A

any

rophet

~

J~

A any

town ~ j , ~ , ~

A

any

r e e ~~

A

any

book

~

A

any

house

e

e

Note h a t a l l i n d e f i n i t e

nouns end w i t h ,but

n

t h e c a s e of

h e

d e f i n i t e noun,

h i s

does

not a p p l y .

There

s n o standard

r u l e

f o g

a

roger n o u ~ i .

~

~

~~~

i ~ a a b )

a r e

vowels, . e . , _, t c .

p l a c e d on

h e

l a s t

l e t t e r

of a noun

and

a

v e r b ,

and t h e


32/86

p

f i r s t l e t t e r

of

h e

pronoun.

The

r i g i n a l i

r a a b

of a noun, ronoun and a v e r b

i s

~ ~

~-

Harakaat)

s

t h e term o r t h e vowels

~,

_

f

h e o t h e r

l e t t e r s .

xamples

of

r o p e r / d e f i n i t e nouns

. . `` ~ ~ ~

~~1~~~~

. . -

When brahim

a i d . . .

2:260)

And Dawood

i l l e d J a l o o t .

2:251)

~ ~ ~ ~

Indeed we e n t

I ~ T o a h

I1:

5 )

J , 9 1 J

c : ~ . , . 9 . 9

And

ulaiman

n h e r i t e d

Dawaod

2 7 . 1 6 )

xamples ofcommon

n d e f i n i t e nouns

~ t ~

~ ~ ~ ~

In h e i r h e a r t s i s a i s e a s e . 2:10)

o . r = ~ f i

And

p o n

h e i r

s i g h t i s

a

e i l .

2 : )

9fs~~9~9ii~~

I n i t i s

darkness

and

thunder and i g h t e n i n g

2:19)

s~i ~~//

` ~

That

you

i s l i k e

a

thing

( 2 : 2 1 6 )

31 j


33/86

Al'Ism t

I n

A r a b i c n d e f i n i t e nouns

can

be

c o n v e r t e d

t o

d e f i n i t e

nouns

by:

o

~ ~ 9 p

1 . P l a c i n g

t h e

a r t i c l e J~,

which

m e a n s the s

a

r e f i x

which w i l l

r e s u l t

i n

t h e changing o

a

Examples:

The

house

Ne

--

N

~

J

The

book

y

~

~

/~ p

~ - ~ -

Q

S~

J ~

r i

The Prophet

~

~

i

J~~ ~

~

J~ +

C

J ~

~ ~

2 .

A t t a c h i n g

a

pronoun

o t h e i n d e f i n i t e noun

w i l l

a l s o r e s u l t

i n

t h e

changing

o

a

Examples:

His house

~~~

M

~

~

- ~ -

~ ~

N

Yo u r book

/

A ~

~

p

0

- ~ -

C

~

i i

Our

Prophet

p

~~ ~

~

~

- ~ -

~

3 `~%


34/86

3.

A t t a c h i n g a

p r o p e r noun

t o

t h e i n d e f i n i t e

noun w i l l

a l s o

r e s u l t i n t h e

changing

t o a

Examples:

Prophet

of l l a h

p

~

J~,,~, --

~~

- ~ -

~

J~,~,

i

House

of l l a h

W

~

~ - ~ -

c~a

~

f i r e

ishment of h e

~I

~ ~~~ ~~

I n

t h e s e

examples, h e

second

noun e n d i n g

w i t h

a _will

be

e x p l a i n e d

i n l a t e r

l e s s o n s

o~

A xamples

o r

Nouns

with

J

:

For

Him s t h e

kingd om of he heavens an d the

earth.

2:107)

These a r e t h e s i g n s

of

he

wise

book.

31:2)

~J~ivi~tll9~; ~

U n t i l

t h e y

s e e

the

p a i n f u l punishment

10:88)

B xamples o r

Nouns

w i t h Pronouns:

,9AJ~7

~

i

When

i s

Loyd s a i d

t o

h i m 2:131)

,~

And when

Our l e a r

signs

a r e r eh e a r s e d

unto

them-

19: 3)

33 j


35/86

;~~~~~

Did

h e r e not

come

o you your

t i e s s e n g e r s ?

(40:

O)

C

xamples

o r

Nouns i t h

Nouns

~~~NJ~~

~~

A l l a h s curse s o n

h e r e j e c t e r s .

(2:89)

d

That

s t h e

grace

o f

l l a h . (5:

4)

~~ I

~~~

Lord

o f

h e

heavens

(26:24)

~

E x e r c i s e

R e c i t e

t h e

Qur an

and

r y

t o f i n d

more

examples.

s~

. 3


36/86

Lesson

11

As

- S i f a h

wal-

Mausuf

~

o

e .s

1 . A e s c r i p t i v e

p h r a s e

c o n s i s t s

of noun

followed by a n

d j e c t i v e .

2 .

This

noun

n Arabic

s

c a l l e d

Mausuf},

h i c h

means,

t h a t w h i c h

s

b e i n g

d e s c r i b e d :

3 . T h e

d j e c t i v e i n

Arabic

s c a l l e d ( S i f a h ) , w h i c h

means, t h a t w h i c h s

d e s c r i b i n g

t h e

noun.

4 .

In

a

e s c r i p t i v e p h r a s e ,

t h e

b a s i c p o i n t

t o

be

o t e d

i s

t h a t

t h e

a d j e c t i v e

w i l l be d e n t i c a l t o t h e

noun

n :

A

ender:

I f

h e

noun

s masculine r

f e m i n i n e ,

h e

a d j e c t i v e

w i l l

be

d e n t i c a l ;

e x a T n p l e s :

A

r e a t

reward

masculine)

/

0

/

~.~

T h e good a d v i c e (feminine)

~

o

pi

a i

~ ~~

B

umber: I f

h e noun s

s i n g u l a r ,

d u a l ,

or

l u r a l ,

t h e

a d j e c t i v e w i l l

be d e n t i c a l ;

examples:

An

rabic Qur'an

s i n g u l a r )

~

~~~a~

~

~

L/

~

Two

i g h t e o u s

men

dual)

i i

p

i

~ ~.~

~ ~

C l e a r s i g n s ( p l u r a l )

~ ~~ ~

N


37/86

C

Type

of oun:

f h e

noun

s d e f i n i t e o r i n d e f i n i t e , t h e


be d e n t i c a l ;

e x a T n p l e s :

The a c r e d Mosque

d e f i n i t e )

o

~ r~ ~ A ~

An pen book

i n d e f i n i t e )

c ~c

~

.

i

~

~

D

r a a b :

I f

h e noun ends w i t h , r ,

Examples:

,the


be

d e n t i c a l .

From he

cursed

Satan )

W

~

~

~~

. e

~

~

~

i ~ ~ ~

~~

A

a i n f u l

punishment )

e . ~

e

~

The i g h t e o u s deed )

~

~~o~

^

W

The o l l o w i n g

a r e some

examples:

~~

~

~ ~W

~~

~ ~

~ ~~I

An d

you t a n d by

an

e x a l t e d

c h a r a c t e r .

(68:4)

~~~

She

a i d ,

a

a r r e n o l d

woman.

(Sl:

9)

~

~~~

.;

A

e r r i t o r y

f a i r and happy and

a

Lord

o f t

F o r g i v i n g .

(34:1 )

~

,

9~ ~

~ ~ ~ s

~~

~J~~I

~~

.~ i6~i ii

Here

s

d e l i v e r e d t o

me

e t t e r worthy

of

e s p e c t . (27:29)

36

.~-1


38/86

To

whom

g r a n t e d

r e s o u r c e s

i n

abundance.

(74:12)

~

~ .

~

From t h e

clouds

water

i n

abundance

(78:14)

j~j

~

F~

That you

may

a t

t h e r e o f

l e s h t h a t i s

f r e s h

and

t e n d e r .

(16:14)

~9y

~~~

In a shade

long

extended.

(56:30)

/

9~

~

% ,

,

3

In

a

book

well guarded.

(56: 8)

~

i

i

~

i

~ 1

1I

1 ~

r -

Appointed

f o r

a

day

well

k no w n

(56: O)

/ W

9

r

~ ~

In

a

a b l e t

p r e s e r v e d .

(85:22)

l

e~9~/ 9

/ ~B

1 ~ 1 ~ I ~ ~

That

s t h e

g r e a t

s a l v a t i o n .

(5:119)

~ ~ ~ ~ ~

By h e

promised

day

(85:2)

9 //691~~

I~~

~~6

T h e n

he

s ho w e d

him

t h e

g r e a t

s i g n . (79:20)

~

~

~

i

~(~1s4.~

{

a

Oh

ou

soul

i n

complete

r e s t and

s a t i s f a c t i o n (89:27)

i

~

~

'

d

a l

~ t ~ S ~ ~ ~ . I ~ U

~ v


39/86

T h e r e f o r e

when

h e r e

comes

h e g r e a t

overwhelming

e v e n t .

79:34)

~ ~ ~ w

~~~,.

Out of

h e

green

r e e

36:80)

l ~

The t a r

of

i e r c i n g

b r i g h t n e s s 8 6 :

)


40/86

L

ess

on1

2

A l -

Mudaf,

al

-M ud a f

l a i h

~a

C

1 .

Thi

s

y p e

of

h r a s

e

i

s for

med wi

th

h e

c

ombi

nat

ion

of

w o

nou

ns.

2.

T h

e i r s t

nou

n s

c a l l

e d

Muda

f}.

I t

w i

l l .

alwa

ys

b e an

n

d e f i

n i t e

nou

n

and

n

n

o

a s

e

w i l l

i t

o

y ~

t a k

e

t h e

a r t i

c l e

J~,

i

p

~

1 9

3 .

T h e

a s t

l e t t e r

of

h e

f i r s t

noun

i l l

h ave

,

r

,b ut

i l l

nev er have

,

r

4 .

T

h e s

ec on

d

noun

s

c a l l

e d

~

(Mi

sda

fl c z i

h .

I t

i s

g e n

e r a

l l y

a e f i n

i t e

nou

n

b y t s e

l f

o r

o ~

p a r t

i c u l

a r i z

e d

b y J~

. T

h er e

a

r e

e x c

e p t

i o n s

t o

t

h i s

r

u l e .

5 .

T h e

a s

t l e

t t e r

of

h

e

s

ec o

nd

n

oun

(

Mu

daf

l a i h

}

w i l l

a

l w a

ys

have

no

x

c e p t

i o n s

.

i

6.

This

c om

bin

atio

n

s c a l l

e d

t h e

p o

s s e s

s i v

e

ph

rase

be

caus

e

h

e

f i r s

t

noun

s

owned

b y,

or

bel ongs

o , t h e

se

con

d n

oun.

7

. T r

a n s l

a t e

t h e

f

i r s t nou

n,

hen

p

l a c e

of

af

ter

t

,

and

the

n r a n s

l a t e

t

h e

se

con

d n

oun.

Mes

sen

ger

of

lla

h

W ~

~

ous

e

o

f

eac

e

i

~

j

i

o

ok

of

l l a

h

W

i

q~

~

C r

e a t i

o n of

l l a

h

W o

~

~ ~ ~ ~

y ~ .

o

Fr

om

h e

p

unis

hme

nt of

h e f

i r e

i

~,

~~

a

y f udg

ment

o

~

~

i

3

9

. . _ 5

_ .


41/86

8 . Som

e

xa

mpl

es n wh

ich

t

h e

se

con

d

n o

un

s

an

n

d e f i

n i t

e no

un:

Th e

we

igh

t o

f

a r t

i c l e

i

~ A

of

j

Wor

d

o

f

Me

sse

nge

r

~

~

J

~

i

~

~

Bl

a m

e

o

f

h e bla

mer

~

~

~

/A

~

~~

P

uni

shm

ent

o f

i n

~

w

~ ~

~

ak

e

a

n o t e

t

h a t

t

h e

c

omb

ina

tio

n

o f

oun

s w

i t h pr

ono

uns

s

a l s

o

t h

e

p o s

s e s

s i v e

p h r a

s e .

For

s~

ex

amp

le,

w

h e

n

t

i

s

s a

i d

~

His

b

ook

),

t m e

a n s

h

e

b

o o k

s

o w

n e

d b

y

o r

be

lon

gs

o

hi

m.

N

o t

e

h a t

o

nly

w

h e

n h e

~

~

Mu

daf

l a

i h

s

a

n o

un

t

en d

s w

ith

.

n

h i

s

c

a s e

,

s i

n c e

t h

e Mu

da

f

l

i h

i

s

a

pr

ono

un,

h

i s

r u

l e

doe

s

no

t

p p

l y .

Fo

llo

win

g

are

e

xam

ple

s

o f

o

s s e s

s i v

e phr

ase

s:

/

~.0

~

9

~Q

~

~y~

~

e

~

I

n

h e

p a t

h

o f

l

l a h

w i

t h

y

our

w e

a l t

h 6

1:1

1)

~ o

. . ~

? c i

s

~~

o

~

1

T

h e

y

r e

co

m pa

n io

n s

o f

h

e

h e l l

.

5:1

0)

Re

mem

be

r

h

e b

o u n

t i e s

o f

All

ah

up o

n

yo u

. 3:1

03)

~

,~

~I~

J~

II

,a

n

d

h

ate

ver

s

r e

v e a

l e d

t o

yo

u

fr

o m

you

rLo r

d S

:

4

)

~

9p~

~~

~~

~

~

~

nd

h a t

i

s

t h

e

re

war

d

o f

h e

r i

g h t e

o u s

.

S

:

5 )

nd

e

s t o

p s

yo

u

f

ro m

h e

re

mem

br

an c

e

f l l

a h

an

d

fro

m h

e s a l

a a t

. S:

1 )

4

0


42/86

Lesson

13

, . ~j , .

A Z -

Jumlat

l -

Ismiyyah

~ e

1 .

A

ominal

e n t e n c e

g e n e r a l l y c o n s i s t s

of wo

nouns.

2. The

i r s t noun

s

always

a

e f i n i t e

noun no

x c e p t i o n s ) .

3 . The

second

noun

s

g e n e r a l l y an

n d e f i n i t e

noun.

~ ~

4. The

N a a b

of o t h nouns s

g e n e r a l l y

r

y

5 .

The

i r s t

noun s t h e

s u b j e c t and

s

c a l l e d

~J.~

Mubtada)

6.

The

second noun s

t h e

p r e d i c a t e and s

c a l l e d

Khabar)

7 .

The

r e d i c a t e

g e n e r a l l y

a g r e e s

with t h e

s u b j e c t i n t h e

n u m b e r i . e . ,

s i n g u l a r ,

dual o r

p l u r a l ) and t h e

gender

masculine

o r f e m i n i n e ) ;

Examples:

~~~~~

And

llah

i s

Oft

o r g i v i n g , most

e r c i f u l .

(2:218)

G

O

9~~/

u

~~

And

o r

t h em i n t h e

world t o

c o m e

s an

exceeding

t o r m e n t .

(2:114)

.~

. ~

And

ou a r e

Muslims.

(2:132)

~ . . a . ~ . ~

1 ~ 1 , ~ 1

~

;~ ~

This

s

p a r t of

h e

t i d i n g s

of

h e

t h i n g s

u n s e e n .

(3:44)

8 .

The

r e d i c a t e

can be a

e f i n i t e

noun

whe n

t

i s

not

an

a d j e c t i v e ;

~ ~

~

=~


43/86

Examples:

~~~

~ l

~

I am

usuf

and

h i s i s my r o t h e r .

(12:90)

i ~ ;

~ .

> ~

Say He

s

A l l a h ,

h e

One

and

Only (112:1)

9 .

S i n c e

t h e

nominal

e n t e n c e

c o n s i s t s

of

a

e f i n i t e noun

followed by an

i n d e f i n i t e

noun,

t

has

o be

d e t e r m i n e d

w hi ch

nouns

and

pronouns

a r e t h e

d e f i n i t e

nouns.

The

i s t of

h e

d e f i n i t e

nouns s

a s

f o l l o w s :

a)

Proper

names

~:

. g . ~w ~ ~

i ~ i t ,

~

b)

Pronouns ~ ) :

e . g . ~~

a~

`

s

~ ~

~

c)

Demonstrative

pronouns

a t e .

~

~ ) :

e . g . I ,~ 6

~

j

i

W

W

d)

R e l a t i v e

pronouns

J~

:

. g . ~ , ~,j~

o y ~

~ i

ai

e)

Nouns

preceded by

h e

a r t i c l e J :

e . g . ~

~

.

~

~

Nouns wh ic h

a r e

~

n

t h e

p o s s e s s i v e c as e : e . g .

~~~/

~~~

~

i i

g)

Nouns

preceded by

ha~f

ida t ~ ) :

e . g .

~ , d ~ ~

1~ ~ ~

Other

t h a n

t h e s e , a l l

nouns

aNe

i n d e f i n i t e

nouns.

4 . ~ -


44/86

1 0 .

I n

a

e n t e n c e t h a t

has

a

r e d i c a t e

a s

a

e f i n i t e

noun, a

e t a c h e d

pronoun

which s i n

a c c o r d a n c e

t o

t h e

gender and

number

of h e

s u b j e c t ) s

p l a c e d

between

h e

s u b j e c t and

h e

p r e d i c a t e ;

examples:

v

Allah i s

Hewho

i v e s

a l l )

s u s t e n a n c e .

51:58)

.

v..~11

~

~

Thos e

w i l l

p r o s p e r .

7:

)

i~

~l~l

w,

For

You

r e

t h e

A l l -

Hearing

and

All-

Knowing.

2:127)

~>

~ ~

That s

t h e

supreme

e l i c i t y .

9:

2)

Note

t h a t

without h e

detached

NOnoun,

h e

above

e n t e n c e s

become

e s c r i p t i v e

p h r a s e s .

1 1 . In

s o m e

a s e s ,

h e

detached

pronoun

s

hidden

or

s u p p r e s s e d ;

examples:

That s

t h e

supreme

e l i c i t y .

9:89)

~i~~

That s t h e

supreme

d i s g r a c e .

9:63)

43


45/86

Le

sso

n

1 4 .

r

; ~

~

Al

I

s n Z

ul

Jam

a a

~

1 .

P l u r

a l

n

ou n

s

n

Ar

abi

c a r e

of

t

wo

y p e s

:

A

n

b ro

ken

/

Sou

nd

l u r a

l

~

l~

(.

Iama

a

Saa

lim

}

~

~

B

ro

ken

(

Jan

~aa

Mu

kas

sa ~ )

r

(J

aina

a

Tak

seeN

)

2.

Th

e

a

b l e

f o

r the

i

~ b r

o l c e

a i

/

o t t

i ~ d

P l t ~

~ a ~

~l

~

( J a

m a

aS

aal

i m)

s

as

f o l l

o w s

:

Pl u

ral

Dua

l

S

ingu

laN

s u e

~

A~

0

9

~

~

o

o

~

a/

p

~

o~

Ma s

cul

ine

io

r

A

ll

m

a le

M

u sl i

m s

Tw

oma

l e

Mu sl

im s

O

ne

m al e

M

u sl i

m

c

p

e

~

~

~

~

~~

o

~

o

.,i

o ~

. .

~

Fef

nini

ne

o

~

~,

~

All

f

emale

)

Mu sl

im s

Two

femal

e)

Mu sl

im s

O

nefe m

ale)

Mu s

l i m

3

T h

e

abo

ve

fo

rm

of

l u r a

l s

a

r e

c a

l l e d

un

brok

en

/s

ou n

d l u r

a l s

be

caus

e t h e

o r

i g i n

a l wor

d

r

ema

ins

A

un

ch a

nged

an

d

u s t

~

or

~ a

a r e

add

ed

t o

t h e

l a s t

l e t t

e r

of

h

e s i n

g u l

a r

n

oun

,

o r

t h

e dua

l

fo

rm,

nd~~

~A

or

~

f

o r

t h

e

p l u r

a l for

m.

>

44


46/86

I n

t h e

d u a l

and

p l u r a l

forms

o r

b o t h

masculine

and

f e m i n i n e , two y p e s

of

nouns a r e

made.

These

be

e x p l a i n e d i n t h e

l a t e r

l e s s o n s .

t h e

above t a b l e

f o r

each

o f h e

f o l l o w i n g

nouns:

a .

0

9

A

e l i e v e r d .

~

i

A e j e c t e r

i

~

b .

c

~

A

i g h t e o u s

e .

~

~

A

i a r

e ~

c .

~; A

r i t e r

f .

~

09

~~ o

A

e l i e v e r

.i

i

aye examples o f

i n g u l a r , d u a l , a n d

lural nouns.

~~ ~

~

i

i~

~~

And

whoever. i lls a

b e l i e v e r . . .

(4:93)

V e r i l y

s u c c e s s f u l

a r e

t h e

b e l i e v e r s . . .

(23:1)

~ ~ ~

~

~Ws~~~~.

.~

. ~

` l , ~ ` ~ ~

A l a v e

woman

who

e l i e v e s i s b e t t e r . . .

2:221)

9/~

g

e/

//

O~~/

Two ardens

producing b i t t e r f r u i t . . .

34:16)

~~9~~~

':~'~

~ ~

T h e r e e i n g of a

b e l i e v i n g

s l a v e . . . ( 4 : 9 2 )

~~

Q

w

/

N

~

~~

~

W

~

~ W

~ ~A~~

45 5

.


47/86

From our

progeny

a people

Muslim

o

y o u 2:128)

~v

Two

ardens

o

t h e

r i g h t

34:15)

~

~

~

X 2

1 ~

y 69

The

i g h t e o u s women

r e

d e v o u t l y

o b e d i e n t

4:34)

6

a

.~


48/86

Lesson 15

AZ

-Ism

u l -

Jama a

~

~

~

a b l e

format o r the

Broken

Plurals w

(lama

Mukassar)

s

as follows:

Plural ~-

Dual

ingular ~

~l~l,~

c

~ ~

.

~

. ~

Books

A ook

Two

ooks

n

h i s

type

of

l u r a l .

form,

h e

dual

s

ma de b y

adding~

/

t o t h e

l a s t l e t t e r .

of h e

s i n g u l a r

~ ~

noun.

The

same

method as

h e

unbroken

/sound

l u r a l .

or

h e

p l u r a l

form h e r e i s no

t a n d a r d r u l e

t h a t

can

be

o l l o w e d .

o l l o w i n g i s

a

i s t

of

ome broken

l u r a l

nouns:

P l u r a l

S i n g u l a r

Meaning

Plura]

S i n g u l a r

Meaning

~

~ 9

Ey e

`/

4J~

Messenger

~~.-

Fountain

l ~

~ ~

~~

R e l i g i o n


49/86

Plural

Singular

1 V l e a n i n g

'~'

cam

~ ''

I ~ I

~ ~ ~

~ Ea r

~ P

J~

~ 9

.~ ~ Man

i

~

I~

i

o

y Woman

i

~

~ ~

c'

.~

Boy

~

/.i

i

w

(

Prophet

i

i

~~

~o/

~

.

~~

Day

o~

~~

ii

P e n

Examples

of

roken

l a s r a l s :

P l u r a l

S i n g u l a r

l t ~ l e a n i n g

~' ~,'

~~ ~ V

~'

.

Lord

0

}9

~

~

qi

House

a

~

Mosque

i

i

~ a ~

i

i

i

Needy

p ~ni ~

of

I

S e l f

o ~

r ~

~

~

~

u

39

~

o

i

~~

Heart

/

/

L

/ai

W~~

~~9

B~~

~

They have

e a r t s

wherewith

h e y

u n d e r s t a n d

n o t .

(7:179)

H a v e hey

eyes

o

see with?

(7:195)

a

Hav e

they e e t

t o w a l k with?

( 7 . 1 9 5 )

You ere

not

with

t h e m w h e n

they

a s t

l o t s . . .

3:44)

4~ l J

8/10/2019 Quraniclanguagemadeeas

Documents

Quraniclanguagemadeeasy-Unit1