1

“Developmental biology has been described as the last refuge of the mathematically incompetent scientist.

This phenomenon, however, is not going to last.”

[computationally]

QUOTATIONS

QUOTATIONS CONTINUED

“Community of embryonic structure revealscommunity of descent.”

“Nothing in biology makes sense except inthe light of evolution.”

von Baer 1828Uber Entwicklungsgeschichte der Tiere

Haekel 1866Generelle Morphologie der Organismen

Roux 1894Problems, methods, and scope of developmental mechanics

Gould 1977Ontogeny and Phylogeny

HISTORICAL CONTEXT

2

HOMEOTIC MUTATION

HOMEOTIC TRANSFORMATION

one structure changes to assume likeness for another

results from mutations in Hox genes

Hox GENES

3

PROTOSTOME DEUTEROSTOME

4

Hyper

otreti

Hyper

oartia

Gnath

osto

mat

a

‘ostr

acod

erm

s’

nc

5

Hyper

oartia

Synap

sida

Amph

ibia

Diapsid

a

Anapsid

a

cranialectoderm

mandibularepithelium

pharyngealendoderm

pharyngealendoderm