Qualsigsigma (2).ppt

7/18/2019 Qualsigsigma (2).ppt

1/11

Mahadevan (2010), Operations Management: Theory & Practice, 2nddition, ! Pearson d"cation

Six Sigma Approach to Quality

Six sigma is a new approach to processcontrol first practiced by companies such asGeneral Electric and Motorola to achieve near

zero defects in processes Elements of six-sigma nderstanding customer needs well

Appropriate and disciplined use of data and

statistical tools Statistical analysis and a closer attention to

managing and improving business processes usinga set of tools


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!hy near zero defectsExamples of 99% quality

Sl.

No.

Process

Description

Impact of 99% quality

" Guest #hec$

out

Every three days one guest chec$s out

without paying the bill

% Quality of food

served

Every day %& orders of fried eggs have

human hair in them

' (acilities up

$eep

Every day ") tables in the restaurant

have soiled linen

* +raining , S$ill

evelopment

Every day %)& plates are bro$en

) .rder ta$ing ,elivery

Every day the drin$s of *& guests getsmixed up

/ 0aundry Every day %& guests do not get bac$ theright laundry


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1ow is it different fromtraditional approach2

A new metric3 efects 4er Million .pportunities3 topredict5assess the 6uality of a business process

A new methodology3 MA7# 8efine-Measure-

Analyze-7mprove-#ontrol93 to ensure that veryhigh levels of 6uality could be assured in thechosen business processes thereby generatingfavourable outcomes to both the business and thecustomers

An organizational framewor$ for ensuring theabove outcomes are generated on a sustainedbasis


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efects 4er Million .pportunities84M.9

7t indicates how many defects a processgenerates in a million opportunities !hile service industries find it convenient to use

4M.3 manufacturing organizations use Parts PerMi##ion844M9: ;oth are conceptually same:

7f in a process


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MA7# Methodology

Define Measure

Analyze

Improve

Control


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MA7# Methodology

Define

efine the problem3 the re6uirements3 pro@ect scope3 pro@ectcharter

Set goals for improvement

Measure 7dentify variables to be measured3 the type of measurement

ata collection and synthesis

Analyze

evelop a set of tools for analysis

Apply graphical tools of analysis

7dentify possible sources of variation and


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MA7# Methodology

Improve

Generating and validating improvement alternatives

#reating new process maps for the process

Control

evelop control plan

Establish revised standard measures to maintainperformance

evelop relevant raining plans to maintain standards


8/11Mahadevan (2010), Operations Management: Theory & Practice, 2nddition, ! Pearson d"cation

.rganization for six sigma

4rocess .wner supervisor or a manager who ta$es responsibility for

various steps of a process that is responsible fordelivering some output to the customer: 7t could be

the in a particular wor$ area where the improvementpro@ect has been identified

+eam 0eader , Members +eam leader 8the pro@ect leader9 and the members

will comprise of the employees in the chosen wor$area

+hey will have day-to-day operational control ofactivities

%n si sigma, three termino#ogies are "sed to indicate these organi'ationa# entities Thisinc#"des Master #ac$ e#t, #ac$ e#t and *reen e#t The depth o+ training and eperience

di++erentiates these three



.rganization for six sigma

Six sigma coach A consultant or a senior person in the organization who

offers expert $nowledge on various aspects of six sigma:

+his includes statistical tools3 process design , analysis3

change management3 small group improvement3 use ofQ# tools for improvement etc:

Sponsor A member of the senior management who oversees the

overall progress and implementation

1elps the team refine the pro@ect scope3 sorts out issuescutting across other parts of the organization3 approvespro@ects and provides the necessary support in terms ofresources



4rocess #apability , efects

4rocess #apability 7ndex

8#p$9

+otal 4roducts outside two-

sided specification limits

&:%) *)'3%)) ppm

&:)& "''3/"* ppm&:/& "3B/" ppm

&:B& "/3'C) ppm

":&& %3&& ppm

":%& '"B ppm":)& ppm

":& &:'* ppm

%:&& &:&&"B ppm

o"rce: -"a#ity P#anning & .na#ysis, /"ran & *ryna, hapter 1, e


11/11Mahadevan (2010) Operations Management: Theory & Practice 2nd dition ! Pearson d"cation

Six sigma 6ualityA graphical representation

612)(26

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= ofspreadALSLUSL

LSLUSL#p

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Qualsigsigma (2).ppt