7/24/2019 Qualitative Research Methods (Lec 01)
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Variables: In order to be a variable, a variable must vary.
Variable is basic fundamental unit of
research.
Variables are properties or characteristics of people or things
that vary in quality or magnitude
from person to person or object to object. Miller &
Nicholson
For Example:Motivation, Absenteeism, Age, Height, and eight,
!ulse "ate, #atisfaction
Types of Variables:
$bjective Variables #ubjective Variables
Objective Variables:
$bjective Variables are based on %ualitative &ata.
$bjective Variables are clearly understandable.
$bjective Variables are directly measurable and directly
quantifiable and 'e have
physical methods to measure them.
$bjective Variables are very clear 'ithout any bias or
error.
For Example: (emperature, Height, eight, #ale, !rice, Mar)s.
*#ale+ -nits,
(emperature+ /elsius0.
Subjective Variables:
#ubjective Variables are feeling, thoughts, or !erception etc
'hich cannot be measure byany physical means.
#ubjective Variables are also called Abstract or Intangible
Variables.
#ubjective Variables are also label as /oncept or
/onstructs.
#ubjective Variables are major part of research.
For Example: 1ob #atisfaction, Motivation, (rust, and 2eadership
#tyle.
(here are no of variables 'hich can be objective as 'ell as
subjective. For Example: #ale *
-nits0. #ale+ High32o'
sychometrics: !rocess through 'hich 'e measure subjective
variables is called !sychometrics.
$"
Measurement !sychology or 4eeling through the !rocess of
!sychometrics.
*Metrics Mean Measurement0
Operationali!ation: $perationali5ation is !rocess through 'hich
'e measure subjective
variables and behind this process is psychometrics.
In the process of $perationali5ation 'e brea) up or reduce the
subjective variables in to its
respective dimension or elements, and reduce the level of
abstraction.
"imension:
&imensions are observable part of variables or 6ehaviors.
&imensions are also called facets or
factors.
For Example: "eligiosity *#ubjective Variable0+ &imensions
of "eligiosity+ !rayers, 7a)at,
4asting, Hajj, 6eard, &ress etc.
Elements: 6y allocating value to dimension 'e can convert
dimension into elements. $".8lements are %uantifiable part of
dimension. 8lements are also called items or statements.
4or 89ample+ 1ob #atisfaction *:oman0
&escription ; ; ;< ;= ;>
#alary ;>
8nvironment ;=
/areer &evelopment ;=
#upervision ;=
&ecision Ma)ing ;=
